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MR. 1111.1.1Altli’s. Hi* Ki ll
We publish to-day a nyuops : s of the great
speech delivered by Mr. Hilliard to the troops
under Gen. Shelley’s cronuuand Tito speech
in remarkable for ciadeasatiou and power. It.
will be observed that Mr. Hilliard defines
his position with clearness Opposed‘in the
- first instance to the : pirate action oi the
States in seceding L in tiie Union, he did not
hesitate to take part with the South lor the
▼indication if constitutional liberty, against
the assumption oi Iho Lincoln administration
ol the right to *oefce the States into ouedionco.
But he bau been ready at all times’to make
peace upon terms consistent with the honor of
the States cnguged in war with the United
States. The position which he takes is a states
manlike one. We are contending tor a princi
ple—not for any particular policy, ilo insists
that tho United ."states government shah recog
nise our right to negotiate ns a free peopie--as
to all questions of p iicy, they would be made
to contorm to the condition of the parties enga.
ged in forming iho treaty, lie .lisists that ibis
is not the time to talk üboulthe tuture leJationK
ofthe States to each other. That is a question to
be setiled hercalter. That is a policy. The
great principle involved in the contest is to up
hold the right t t.he Btaics to decide for thein
•eives their relations to each other. The mo
ment this is conceded the war ought to end.
The people will then take up tho question
and form such a government as tuey desire, and
establish such relations wi.n the United Stales
as they see fit—that is for the people to decide.
The sooner peace can be made, toe better l'or
al. parties, io overrun the couth by military
for. e is to luin both governments—both sec
tion i an u both peoples!
I .. i y issue then be excluded from our
ntalesin. '-hip, ex epf tho single dema id ol the
n* at to negotiate _,r the terms of peace.
What is Needed Wm.t tins country needs I
jnst al present above dl things else, is the res
torution of contidcnc iu oui leaders. To se
•ni® this Tresideol Davis must dismiss incom
petent men iroui Ins cabinet unci l'roiu high po
•ition in the army ; listen calmly to the appeals
and complaints ol me people ; cease nia btiler
hatred ol Vico-President btephum) and all oth
er* who do not agree w tU him on every point,
and quit upholdiug and thrusting forward men
in whom the people and the army have tost
confidence. Every able-bodied war man iu
Congress and our otate Legislatures should
shoulder his gua and go iuto the ranks won
his constituents, and thus show them mat he
la in earnest. Editors and politicians who coun
seled secession should drop everything oise and
hasten to the trout. In mis manner, and iu
this manner only, can cos lidenc i be restored.
Another thing would not be out of place.—
It would not be out of place tor ail our street
war men to occupy positions in the ranks. It
would appear much belter tor them to prove
that they mean what they tay, when they talk
loudly ot war, by deeds. Acts not proies
aionsis what the country needs—is what the
«ause demands. When you see an individual
who is nicely sheltered beheld some bomb
proof, provided for him through Intlueuce or fa
voritism—talk about men being out of the army,
and about his being determined to have the
war prosecuted, and-all that sort of stuff ; you
«an put down such men as that as of little ac
count —as far as the lighting part of the strug
gle is concerned.
Thi Duty of our I*i,anti.ns —lu tho present
state of the country, aud iu view of the tact
that we are j ust on the verge oi that seusoll
yrhen the planters are about pitching their
ftropg, they cannot bo too often, earnestly ap
pealed to on tht subject of their duty in the
arUis that is upon us. # The fate aud destiny ot
the country wo may say is now iu their hands,
and If tho cause of our country ( :Is, they must
necessarily go down with it to rum.
It is now absolutely obligatory on them to
bend all their energies to tHe production of
grain and other subsistence. This duty is
rendered the more obligatory upou them in
▼lew of the devastation of Sheim tn and his
army. By these many large sections of coun-
Iry have been laid waste, and all moaus ol |
cultivating the soil destroyed. Georgia, Vir
ginia, North and South Carolina, as well as n |
large portion of Alabama aud Mississippi, have
l»een seriously ciippu din ill v '.gricuttinal
indutsry and resources, and wiif j reba .y tali
nhort at hast ouo-third. or one-half of last
year’s pi eduction. To make up tor' this defi
ciency, the country is now dependent upou
the planters iu those sections that have not
been overrun and devastated by' tho enemy.—
They have been highly favored by Providence
In being spared fioni the vandalism of the foe.
They now should do their whole duty to their
country by raising all the bread and meat they ]
can.
IHai.— An old wood building on Ellis street,
Via discovered to be on tire on Saturday night
about eleven o’clock. It was completely de-
Mrpyed together with its contents. It was oc
cupied by Messrs. C. A. Platt and N. S Morse
ior storage Several valuable ma
chines were among property burned. Loss
cbout „No insurance. The fire was
&e work of an incendiary.
A Tokkajdo in Terrel:. County, Ga.~Some
•notions of Terrell county. G*’., were' visited
March 10, by a terrible tornado Trees, fences.
houses,'aud eveijffhiPK else.injU track were
praetratad. Several persons were injured, but
po ono killed,
AUGUSTA, a.. 'WEDNESDAY MORNING, JLABfcH 29, 1865.
Pketinint QuESTioxs -'Hiere is a ci .as o,
newspapers in Georgia which are continually
finding fault with Governor Brown. They
give no good reason for their iil-naturcd
course, neither cau they. Governor Brown
to them appears to be an object of hate and
malice. No official during this revolution has
pursued a more upright au.f consistent course
He hasmaintained thepriucipk-s tnis revolution
was started to vindicate, with a firm and un
yielding support. The cause of civil liberty
has had no warmer or stauncher supporter
than he.' Yet notwithstanding ail this, the
"Journals of the Court” are very deuuuci*
tory. Some of tfiem have even gone so i.. as
to apply the epithet of “traitor”, win n speaking
ol him. The public know that ail tuis abuse
;s paid for out of .he Confederate Tiva.su;/, in
various ways, Hence the little in’ no miiu -iwe
it has on the minus of the masses..
The Macon Confederacy asits these gentle
men a lew very pertinent questions, Here
they are :
Up you believe the Constitution of the Con
federate btates “ confers,” or can ‘’oolll r’ !
power on the States? «lti does, upon ./h it
principle was this revolution commenced? Lr.l
you believe, prior to secession, that the ;*• -.i.-
of Georgia was sovereign, tree and indepen
dent ? if so, please inform your reader., by
what constitutional power*the industry or the
hi ate has beeii placed under the control of in-
Confederate Government? Uo you believe the
regulation ol the industry of ihe'btates belongs*
to the b lutes or to the Confederate - Govem
rneut ? lfyou believe it belongs to the btates,
then you and Gov.’Brown agiee.
Uo you believe the President has control of
the militia of the btates; and that he had a
right to order any portion of the militia oi
Geoigia io report tq Gen. Jones, atCarieston ?
11 you do not, then you and Gov. Brown agree
touching that point.
Uid you believe it wise to take the command
of the army irom Gen. Johnston and give it io
Geu. Hood? It you do uot, you and Gov
Brown agree again
Are you willing to prosecute this revolution
upon the Idea upon which it was commenced
namely, “mat 1110 btates are sovereign free
a ,and i(/dependent?” li so, you and Gov. Brown
agree.
Uo you believe in the doctrine of State Bights
as taught by President Uavis himself while m
the Senate of the United States ? it so, then
you agree with Gov. Brown.
Uo you believe the Conscript law ought to
be repealed ? If so, you and Governor Brown
agree.
Uo you believe encroachments upon the right
of the btates ought to bej-esisted ? It so, yi u
and Governor B.own agree.
Impobtant to Detailed AaßiouLrumsTS.
Annexed is a copy of a correspondence, in re
gaid to detailed agriculturists, between T. 11.
Stewart of Macon, and Gov. Brown :
Macon, March 13, 1805.
Gov.*JosephE. Brown : Detailed agricultur
ists are now ordered into Confedmate service
in the field. Will those whom you called,
and went into the militia, be compelled to re
port ior duty in Confederate service, or will
you claim them still iri the militia? Answer
immediately by telegraph.
T. R. Stewakt.
Executive Department, !
Milledgeville, March 13,18(15. j
All persons who belong to M»j. Gen. (Smith’s
division, are in the actual military service of
the State. No one of them, whether detailed
agriculturists or not, will obey any order
from a Confederate officer, unices so directed
by Gen. Snrith when he is under orders from
me to report to a Confederate General lbe
State Hook the detailed agriculturists into
her miiiiary servidt at a time when, according
to the decision of the Supreme Court, they
were not in the Military service of the Coated
eracy, and the Confederate officers can take
no control over thtm, without the consent of
the State, till they are disbanded by the State.
They are now only on inrlough.
Josurci E. Brown.
Gov. Brown has taken the light position in
this matter, and one in which every sensible
man him. Food ol all kinds is
scarce enough, without steps being taken to
reuder it more so.
The Augusta Chronicle advises the people of
that city to resist the burning of cottou iu that
city. —Richmond Sentinel.
The above assertion is incorrect. And tho edi
tor who made it has been guilty of making a
cool and deliberate misstatement But we
cannot expect better things of an administra*
tion organ which is continually deceiving the
people by absurd statements.
,\t the time preparations were made to de
stroy.the cotton in this place we did say “War
is to protect the property of citizens, not to
destroy it.’-’ We repeat what.we said, and we
defy the Sentinel or any other fanatical paper
of its tone or belief to prove that any nation
ever went Jo war to destroy the property of
its owu citizens. As matters have been con
ducted the past few months, the citizens of
the Confederacy have had about as much to
tear from many a loader who professed to be
a frleud, as from those who openly claim to
be foes. *
Telegraph Communication Again- Open.—
We are happy to state that telegraphic
communication is again open with Richmond
aud Columbia.
Now if Mr. Regan could only show a little
enterprise in his department the community
would he thaukfuly indeed.
wa «»»■
From Upper Ind Georgia Railroad. —The
upper end of the Georgia R R is in running
order from Decatur to Litbonia,. sercalotn
miles. The buildiug of the bridge over Yellow
River, and the track from the river to Litho
nia, and from Decatur to Atlanta, is the unfin
ished work ot the road.
. The Supreme Court.— The Supreme Court at
Macou, adjourned Friday evening. Judge
Lumpkin was not pra-ent. The Macon papers
state that he was detained by the bad condi
tion of the roads over which he would be
obliged to travel.
Georgia Cadets. — A correspondent of the
Macon Telegraph states that any number of
respectable young men under the age of sixteen
years will be admitted to the Military
Institute, now located at Milledgeville.
BiI'EAT OK THE Enemy w Louisiana.—Official
news has been received in Mobile to the effect
that Gen. Hodges defeated the enemy on the
7th near Baton Rouge, a large number of
horses and mult s were captured. •
Progressing. —lu the streets of Columbus,
on the 15th inst., a man was knocked down aDd
robbed, and a railroad train was fired into. It
looks as if we were progressing.
OF H. YV." MILLIARD.
•
YAOPSIS
Os a speech delivered to the Troops at ihe Camp
* of Oi tjauizcuTn runr llamburq, 8. C\, under
command of (Jen. Shelley, on Saturday, Uprch
11, iB O S, by lion, il W. Milliard.
Hiili&id said: Recognizing the right oi.
my old ! iends and consular ufe> to call for an
exp.essiou oi - my views at this critical period
oi our national m 1,.,.,; , 1 have yielded to your
jiii .'alsou. ' S-.-me two yeais since, under the
m iiiouco of great despondency in regard to
>m -la,e ol the country, i left disposed to
* -nd. >.W lroin P’»'H! iue. Bu 1 soon dis
.,v ;• and li « 1 t.ati err- and, and 1 took the ear
nest- oo- ejioii to resume me pursuits in which
; h i 01-en ah my hie . engaged. Every man
. duty to m country, and uo mao must
n ol •he Republic. it is proper, gentle
in. .i, that i hUOiuu t j something of my Idrmer
n-e- t;> pontkui question*. This very
asßenibkige ... eminently a representative
may; il . : ; citizens of nearly every
ru bi 1 e : but it is composed of a large
; uiii 01 grnUeuieu from Alabama, my own
Kii-i .i), and lroin that part of the State formerly
ivp • uted, by me iu the Congress ol the Uni
; i-.iam.i. i is known to tnese gentlemen
< fiat iaas a member of - the old Whig party. I
■ ... all u . loitunijr, prosperous aud adverse.
; ,< u i;» aceesbion*»f Mr. Buchanan to the
T.vi-ideucy, impress. 4 with tire sound consti
tu-ional cnaracter ol his administration, and
: mg the ionmdabie opposition which it
was dvsuaed <* encounter lrom the Republi
c m party, 1 counselled a generous support of
that admiu'.stration by Ue people of the bouth, j
imspecuve of old party divisions.
Misunderßt od by some, misrepresented by
oth-jis, 1 was li. re. ly assa led lor this course.
But 1 do not esitato to declare-—standing up
on this spot, tiie soil of boutii Carolina—that
if my . eouusi'ia ha i pie failed, the country
would Lave eceu in a tar better condition than
it u, to day. An undivided front on onr part,
an unbroken suppoit to a single candidate in
the F'esidemiai e.eetion of 1860, aided by the
true in. of the North, would have secured to
us a complete triumph over ihe Republicans.
.Tom by domestic dsssemions; alienated by
ny j mlousies; eliminating mid recrimina
ting, we went, into the contest, and lost it.
file sun never went down upon a more disas
trous field li war the fi id upon which the
fortunes of tire Republic were inetrievabiy lost
It j- known to you, too,, that 1 was opposed
to the measures that took Alabama and other
btates out of the -Union by independent action
Loyal to the South always, boVu m it, educated
in it, honored by it, I yet desired to save the
government; and i believed that a united, firm
aud em rgetic movement on the part of aii the
btates ot me boutlr co-operating with each
oiker, would seqpre our rigais under that gov
ernment. borne of yon will recall the earnest
tone iu which I appealed to the buite to pause
iu its couii-e.
The auwincing tide..of the revolution swept
by me, and i saw its angry biliows roll over
ail that I had desired to save. I was qu’etly
engaged iu the pursuits.of private life, obseiv
ing the progress ot events. Seated in my li
br iy, a note was brought to me from a mem
ber ot the Cabinet, requesting ,ie to meet the
President at us office. Upon calling, I was
i.-.f by the President of his wibh that I
should proceed to Nashville, as the Cpip-n*® 1
slcuer t.ora the Confederate States to tttbatme
or Tounes. *• I accepted the mission, which
was crowned with complete success.
The proclamation ol the President of the
United States lmd appeared, declaring tho pur
pose ol that government to coerce the (states
that had seceded from the Union iuto obedi
ence. That proclamation changed the whole
face of affairs It was so flagrant a violation
of every principle essential to.free government,
that I tell it to be the duty of every man who
loved cbnsdtutional liberty to resist it; and I
appealed to the gallant people, ot Tennessee to
take part with us in the great battle for free
dom which was impending. From that hour
to this, gentlemen, i have thrown iuto the
contest whatever'of kbiiity or influence I could
command, to give success to the cause. That
is the cause for which you are in arms to-day.
ii involves everything dear to us as a people.
li£i us keep in view the great issue. Let us
free it from every complication. Gentlemen,
we are contending for a principle, not a policy.
When we attempt to mix up a policy—a plan
of settlement with the great principles involved
m tho depute—we put it out of our p'<wer to
agree upon any satisfactory terms of adjust
ment with the government of the U. States.
We insist upou the right o* every State to de
cide Us owu political relations with other
St ites. That is the principle for which we are
contending. This is the right oi every free
commonwealth, ft is essential to its exist
ence. The moment that is yielded up, it
opuses to boa tree State.
« Georgia was a State before the government ’
of the US. hid an i xistence—so too was S.
irolina, Viigiuia—and so were -all the old
thirteen States. The U. S. government was
toe work ol their Lands. Alabama, Mississippi
and other States have been formed sinoe the
oiga zition ot the U. S., but they were ad
mitted mto the Union with all the essential
rights ol tree Stales. What we contend lor
to day is the right of each of these States to
-decide for itseil, what relations wilt noffi
to other powers, European or American.
There is a comity between kindred Spates
which of course ought to be respected. There
are politico-moral obligations, which oaunot
be disregarded.' There are memoxies, hopes,
association;, interests which diaw us towards
each other, and which ought to. be cherished.
But tire right of a State to determine its own
destiny with a proper rega.d for the rights of
other States, ..s a great luudam-ntal principle
.esscuti.d to the existence of constitutionaTiib
berty. The States were united under a com
mon government whose powers were defined
by a Constitution. That was the’tundameu
tal iaw oi Hie Union. To admit that the will
ot the majority oi the people of the U. S.
might override the (Jonsiitution, and impose
their imperious deciees upon the country by
military force, is to } leid up everything.
That doctiioe would construct out of the ruins
ot the Udpnblic a coiussai despotism.. A law
passed in conformity with the Constitution
ohgiit to be obeyed, an act which violates it
is uo law at all. Heie uvu is -the isspe. 1
care not, gentlemen, what relations we hind to
the question of secession as an original ques
tion, that bae gone by. We are confronted
now by a powerful government, which asserts
its right to compel these Southern States, by
the bayonet, to submit to its authority. We
deny tno right. We have taken up arms
against it. Wo intend to be loyal to the great
principles ot constitutional liberty. What we I
oemaud is the rig at to treat with the governs
ment of the U. 6. We am a free people
They march their armies into our territory,
thev demand absolute submission to the Gen
eral Government'. But a lew jpeeks since they
refused to cuter into negotiations with us.
Tney rejected our appeal to be b.eatd as to the
terhis ot reconciliation —they must recede trorn
tt#ir demand tor submission.
N-?w i would say trankly that I have ob
sei-veu a disposition on the part of those who
conduct cur government to dictate the terms
ot settlement m advance. To shut us up to a
policy. To proclaim to the U. S. that we will
not treat for peace except upon certain terms#
I insist mat ail questions affecting oar future
relations to the U. 6. ought to be left open
to be settled by suture* negotiations. I is
not now *he time to talk ot tne extent of our
tvrrnbiw, of the number ot States that shad be
einoraced within a common government, of
our boundaries or any other mere matters ot
policy, All these questions must be disposed
of, as they were disposed of after the first
revolution. The people of the several States
will decide these question* for themselves.
No has the right to announce tor us, that
we will make peace only upon certain terms
What we demand of the U 8., is die right to
be heard as equals in negotiating aa-to the
character of our luture relaigurs. When that
is conceded t-> us, % j ! > e ready to Lvat upon
liberal term-. YVe will then uitcuss questions
of policy. Until We obtain ’-bis great light
we wdl range ourselves with unshaken con
stancy and .v -a.iy. heroism under the banner
of consti utknal 'liberty Which we have im
lurled. No rove sba-r usiArten; no mus
tering hosts shall inf.uddatd us, We will
breathe cue dr ofirnkprn-Tuc--. The gener
ous aspiration oi every heart s-mil be for free
dom.
‘•Thy spirit ifidependeqc let me share,
Lord of the lion heart and agie eye,
j hy steps I’ll follow with my bV.:-m bare,
Nor heed the storm that .iowefh along the
sky.”
1 believe that t’us great, quaiuei can bo set
tied i pee pI e 1 Jons j an c m
fer with A-.ia.-h .or., riu ivge.rd <0 it. YVe' liave
friends at. tho North. If we eouid bring about
a fiee intorchnnge ot seiiiituent, w could close
this dread drama of blood and suffering. Bill
the Lincoln administration do not desire a set
tlement. They would not even allow our
commissioners topioc. ed to Washington,where
they would have bau auction-. > with the great
conservative pari y ol the North, if ttey st ii
refuse to treat with us, we must fight out ihe
issue. 1 hate war. i deplore its violence
its desolations -its-sa uifio of human life—its
foul vapors coming up from stygian pools—its
torches Ughied from mf-■■mat hr n. But if war
be forced upon ns,, we must meet ir. YVe must
teach our enemies that col ore they reach the
lieatr, ol the Boutii, they -shall pass a line- of
flame and steel. Rl.ra x may yet be repioJUet and
upon these Southern plums. As the setting
sun gilded the arms of the ten thousand
Greeks wno defeated the Persian hosts, so too
ji may vet flame upon ■ ur victorious banntjes.
There is a God vho ruk.- ~-ha desi.uies of na
tions. Let us put our trust iu him aud do our
whole duty.
it is said we want men. But if our govern
ment will adhere to a true courge—provide
well for our troops; deal generously with the
people, and keep its faith# with alt men, we
shall find our armies growing, their ardor deep
ening, and their heioism becoming still more
intense We 'need not revolutionize uur soc.ial
systemi»y pressing negroes into the ranks. The
policy in fulji of peril to us. To train a servile
race to the use of arms ; to put them side by
side with our high spirited soldiers ; to teach
them the idea of equality with the - white man
—an idea which will never pass out of, the
brain of the negro —is a policy in conflict with
our institutions and fatal to our interests
Like the elephants ’ anciently employed in
the armies of the East, they might turn upon
our ranks and spread disaster among those
who took the iff to tae field.' No, gentlemen,,
let our government deal j u-tiy and generously
with our soldiers, and our crimes will be full;
while out slaves will cultivate ojir fields and
make our crops to maintain our army. Con
gress has-no more power over slavery, thau it
has over serfdom in Russia, or the apprentice
tem in England. It belongs to the States.—>
The resioration of Gen. Jonuston to the com
mand of the army of Tennessee, has produced
the finest effect. To has wrought a happy
change in the spirit' of our troops Hrnceforth
let there be uo divisions. Lot us make every
’sacrifice, lor our country. We must on our
parts be prepared to settle the great dispute
upon liberal terms. There is no great stream
dividing us from tho United States, no moun
tain range • They must be our neighbors, and
the terms of peace must be satisfactory to
both parties, if th t pea x> is to be lasting.
But I repeat, this is not the time to discuss
the terms of settlement. What our relations
are to be with the other States'upon the North
American Continent, must be left for the fu
ture to decide, and tout decision should be left
to the people of the States. We are contending
for a principle —we may yield much in the way
ot policy. We must rise to the full grandeur
of the issue before us. ill i cry of reconstruct
ion, and every such mere party cry, is out
of place# The crisis is too solemn; fho strug
gle too momentous to tolerate the catchwords
of party.
Statesmanship is practical. It seeks to
save the country. We must co hide to it the
settlement of this tremendous question which
convulses the country. It requires high cour
age, and a noble disdain of mere party ends to
accomplish its mission. Be it yours, my coun
trymen, to uphold our banner until we can be
met m a just and liberal spirit by our enemies.
'The wiiols world sees the struggle. The bat
tle for constitutional liberty is be to fought out
by you. The generous spirit that burns
throughout these Southern States cannot be
extinguished by the mountains that are throw
upon it.' It will yet heave them and like
pent volcanic fires flame up and irradiate the
whole heavens.
If the war must go on lam not without hope
that France and even England may yet be in
volved in it. The coutse of the United States
towards the new Emperor of Mexico, threatens
to disturb the friendly relations between the if.
S. and great European power that seated him on
his cis-Atlantic tnrone. France is restless and
impatient, like a spirited war horse held in by
a strong arm. Let Napoleon but lift his hand
and the whole energy o i the French Empire
will be directed against ohr 'enemies.
England seated upon her island tkrane; proud
seif reliant—and confident in her resources,
has more thau one cause of quarrel with our
adversary. The prolongation of the war
threatens the tranquility of the world. “Tfie
mills of the Gods grind slowly.” Every con
sideration of generosity—o: policy—all the
memories of the past—all the great interests of
civilization, all Jihat is worth anything to the
people of this continent in the coming future,
should impel the United States to make peace
with us. Until that cun be accomplished, let
us do, and jet us endure with the spirit that
should animate a free people.
*■ An Available Reserve. — I Tne statement has
been recefitly made in Congress that there are
twenty thousand supernumera y officers Ju
the military service of tho Confederate States.
If this be true, then here is an available re
serve that should be brought into the field
ate once Why do not threw who are ever
harping on “Joe Brown’s’Miiit.ia,” direct a
little of their attention and influence to this
monstrous evil and strive to correct it. What
can me War Department at Richmond be
about, when it permits so gross an indulgence
to prevail? Barely there must be negiect of
duty somewhere, or a favoritism extended
which is without a parallel la warfare, No
wonder calls Ibr negfo troops ate being made
at Richmond. Wh it is Congress about, that it
does not apply at once a corrective to snch an
abuse? twenty tboi:san<l«Bupernuinerary offi
cers! Why, here are two army corps—or a
force equal to them —with “stars and bars on
their shoulders, scattered over the lilies,
towns, and Villages Qf the Confederacy, and
some enjoyii\g .tfie, luxuries. q£. home, when
they shoutiree' in the iieiif! Vfe Husk that
under the new order of tilings at Richmond,,
the War Depatrlmend will see to it that tio
such abuse wiil be permitted longer ta exi3t.
General Breckinridge will, we leel satisfied,
soon apply the proper corrective. — HDnJgome
ry Appeal.
Taxfs Collected in C .wlta County —Eben
Douglas, E-q.. Tax CoUeetor of the Confeder
ate S'ates for Di.-trL't,s7, has collected and re
mitted to the Treasury Department since the
first of August, 1863. the sum'of 5515,681 85.
This large sum, together-with the heavy -State
taxes that have been collected, have gone very
far towards absorbing all the money in the
county. Money matter® here are very
stringent. —Xewmn Companion,
f fcPMRAL. MKfealA«E
OF
G 0 VE JV t ’ R BRO W V
TO THE LKGISLATCRS. '
Exkcutivf Depaui_
March 9 th, 18U5. \
To the General Asseyibty :
Wh.le my minu has undergone no change as
to the propriety of cal ling a Convenl-ii nos the
people of the Htate. for she purposes specified
»n my m<:«sag<-of the 15:h uU , which 1 amV.it
isfieil iho people will 1 quire in future, and
which I i’ea they may imperatively demaud at
a lime less favorable io calm deliberation in
ti.e seleet-.on of delegates of known patriotism
and loyaity to our cause, aud when mss could
be-accomplished by ils deliberations. I do’ not
pietend to caU in qu stion the integrity or pa
tviothm of the m;j »rify «*f the members of t*>e
General Assembly who hr.vo-refused to adopt
jny suggestions upon the subject. Tho uiifm
encetn opinion isdoubt ess an heaeat one. and
I am content that the question of who is right
shall be answered by the develcyrments oi the
future and the decision of the people, whom I
am willing to trmt with ihe management of
their own affairs, and whose judgment, when
pronounced, I am prepared to abide.
Iu the meantime, it.affords me much gratifi
cation to find that the Genera! Assembly con
curs with me, so lar as I cud judge fiom the
action of the body, and ihe express ons of tho
members upon almost every other recommenda
tion and statement contained in the Message
in reference to our Confederate relations. While
we may differ upon the question of the expe
diency of holding a Convention at the present
time, as the best corrective for abuses which
are admitted by all to exist, it is the duty of
every patriot to do aU ip his power to lilt up,
strengthen and sustain our bravo armies in the
field, and to provide for tiie comfort ol the
ig/niiies of our troops while in active service.
I have repeatedly ordered the civil and
military officers of this State, with the police
force in each county, to aid in. the aric-st and
return of deserters and stragglers to their com
mands But a sho* time since several ’hun
dred were arrested aud sent forward by my
orders, in>siugle week. I find, however, that
the civil officers of this State, who ara by the
statute exempt from military service, have res
ponded too tardily 10 call’s made upon them to
discharge this. important duty. I therefore
recommend the adoption of a resolution by the
General Assembly, requiring aii civil officers
in this State, created by statute, to discharge
this duty faithfully and promptly, and with
drawing from such as fail or refuse, all protec
tion agaiust* Confederate or Slate military ser
vice. No class of persons can do more to rid
their respective counties of deserters and strag
glers than the civil officers, and they should
be requited to do this duty or take, in the
field, the places of those who, hy their pag
lect, are permitted to avoid the discharge of
duty in this crisis of our fate.
I cannot refrain, before closing this com
munication, irom congratulating the General
Assembly, the country and the army, upon tne
reported restoration of General Joseph E
Johnston to the command of which he was so
unwisely deplived at a most unfortunate pe
riod. This act of justice to him and the coun
try has been too 1 mg delayed, after it was de
manded by the necessities of the service, by
the army, the Congress, aud the whole people.
Yielding reluctantly, it seems, to a demand
which could no longer be resisted, the Presi
dent has, as tne public press informs us, again
placed him at the head of .the remnant of an
army which was once raised by him from a
condition of demoralization to a high state of
efficiency. While he assumed the responsi
bility, with the devotion of a seif sacrificing
patriot, under circumstances of a most trying
character,- tde drooping spirits of the people
are revived, and their hopes reanimated by hi3
return to the field- It is believed thousands
of his old companions in arms, who are now
absent, \yill rally around his standard, and
clinging the more closely to him, on account
of the injustice which has been done him, will
confront the enemy with renewed energy and
determinat on.
Let the conscript act be repealed, as you
have wisely resolved it should be, let us return
to the priucfples upon which we entered the
contest, and let the whole country, with the
spirit of freedom which animated them in 1861,
rally around our glorious leaders—Lee, John—
stop and Beatiregard—who should be untram
meled by Presidential interference in the man
agement ol military campaigns, and we shall
again triumph, and roll back .the dark cloud
o despondency which has so long darkened
our horizon and blighted our hdpes.
Georgia has done her whole duty from the
commencement of the struggle. She has fur
nished more thau her quota of troops, clothed
them when naked iu the Confederate service,
and provided subsistence for their families at
home. Official reports show *ihat she has lott
more men and paid more tax than any State
in the Confederacy. However much she may be
misrepresented, and the motives of those who
have conducted her counsels and administered
her Government, may be maligned by
and designing politicians, both she and her
public servauts may proudly point to the sa
crifices made and the results achieved, as the
highest evidence of loyalty to the cause. »
I now appeal, doubtless with your concur
rence, to Georgians at home aud iu the field,
while they demand ihe correction of abuses
and maintain iu sunshine and in shade the
old landmarks of State Sovereignty and Re
publican liberty, against foes without and
within, never to permit her proud banner
to trail in the dust, nor tire cause to suffer
on account of their failure to stri .o with
heroic valor in the thickest of the light till
freedom is won and constitutional , .iSferty
firmly established.
(signed) Joseph E. Brown,
Another Habeus Corpus Decision.— The an
nexed decision, on a very important matter,
we find in the Milledgeville Recorder:
Wm. Babb, Petitioner, j Habeas Corpus. Be
vs. ! fore Judge Harris,
Rotalis, fin Baldwin Superior
Enrolling Officer. J Court, M“rch7, 1865.
The tacts of this appeared on lull in
vestigation to be these: That Biibb was a priv
ate in the Confederate Reserves; that he came
hoqje on furlougji; that having overstayed his
time, by orders from heauquarcers at Augusta,
the enrolling officer arrested said Bibb upon
the charge of his being absent from his com
mand without leave. When about to be re
turned to headquarters—by bis petit on, which
wa3 sworn to —he alleged tout being over fifty
yearß of age, he was illegally arrested ior mili
tary service, and prayed a ’habeas corpus.—
Upou the hearing oi the habeas corpus peti
tioner wa3 permitted to prove his age, which
appeared to be a little over fifty y* ; rs.
The Judge, alter argument, said that in the
view he entertained ol the matter from the
facts before him, it would be improp r now to
make a decision whether Babb was entitled to
discnarge in consequence of his being over
fifty years,ot age, That it, was evident that
the arres -ms !a legal oue; was
fora fiiiiitary crime—“absent without leave,”
•.that military crimes a:« generally triable be
fore the military court organized by the Con
federate Government, ; many oi which those
Courts have jurisdiction. That this
cise is one of that description, and that until
the.applicant was diioha'ged or free from ar
rest therefor he would not consider and decide
the question of liability to further military
service.
applicant B ibb was remanded to the
custouy of the military officer arresting him.
The House of. Representatives has passed a
bill reported by the Committee on Ordnance
and Ordnance Stores, “to establish an Arsenal
and Foundry in Deep Rivet Valley in the State
of North Carolina.'' 1
VOL. LiXIV.---NEW SERIES V< \ \- - v
[From Milledgeville Union.]
THE CAUSE VS. THE LEADER.
It is not straDge that men, in the whirl of
| a Revolution, should associate the head of
the Government with the cause in behalf of
which the Revolution began. It is natural
(hat men should be strongly attached to then
leader iu any great Revolution, unless Se proves
a traitor to the cause in behalf of which the
Revolution vyas initiated. But men are only
human. One mao cannot be iuiullible If
LTesideut Davis when ho took the oath of office
had said, my countrymen, you have fixed on
me as the head of your Government, aud by
; our act you have invested me with the ypweis
of a monarch, aud in no case, can you, dur
ing the progress of Ihe Revolution, quesrion
my absolute authority, what would have been
thought ot him? Would the popular res; • use
have been, “Mi. Davis, you are our agent: iu
vonr ham’s have reposed a great trust: if
you so discharge the responsible duties of toe
important office, to which the people Luv
vailed you, we shall rejoice, and your n .
shall the latest oi our posterity as
worthy of all honorable praise.” BiL suppose
the people—not your personal or political ea
-1 mies, Mr. Davis—should pause iu the whirl of
1 lie Revolution, aud demand a dillereut policy
tro/n that which had characterized the opera*
i oua ot the Government, since its installation
into being? Shall not the people be heard? Is
he creature greater than the creator? Who
is President Davis, aud who is Guv. Brown, or
Gen. Leo, or Gen Cobb, or any odier official
born of the Constitution and laws of the Gov
ernment? They are only agents— the. fiduciaries
of a Lust: Suppose they err in the manage
meat of the trust confided to their keeping,
shall every man shut his eyes and his ears,.and
hold his tougue, because seme men may sav,
l hat it would be impolitic to tell the truth?
lias uot the President made serious mistakes?
iiis own friends admit he has. He cannot
therefore be infallible. If he has made mis
takes, may not those mistakes be the cause of
our ruin?, Shall we as a people* having at
slake our lives, our fortunes qmi our s «.c;- and
honor, remain silent iu tho very crisis oi the
country's life? Certainly not Npm.tu, in his
p rivate transactions, would continue to employ
au agent to transact his business, or apiiy;;i- 1
oiau to attend his family, who had failed to dis
charge the trust reposed iu them It is time
to stearate the man from the cause. The cause
is certainly good; there cau be no mistake about
that. All are united on that point. All true
ufbu are prepared to sacrifice everything ior
ihe good <d the cause, but are not and nqver
will be prepared to sacrifice everything to
the judgment or caprice of any one mail, !>j he
Legislator, Jongressm.au, Governor, or Presi
dent. The officers of the Government are
the servants ol the people, aud
ts no greater and no less a man, than the hum
blest citizen in the Confederacy. AU officials
are responsible to the people, and Abe., the
people think that their agents .not
discharged the duties of the posithfh to which
they have assigned them, acceptably, they h..ve
a light to demand of those agents,to return the
Lusts confided to their keeping, or comp y
with their wishes and instructions.
If any man shall say tous, we help the enemy
by censuring tho agents entrusted with our
rights, liberties,’honor and property, W 9 reply to
him, that the enemy grows and strengthens by
tho betrayal of popular confidence \i-item the
Confederacy, more than by all tne blows he can
strike us from without. We care not who the
man is, whether President, General-in chief,
Colonel, Captain or Corporal, any representa
talive man, whatever his position, is responsi
ble to the people "for the use ot trusts bestow
ed, so long as we live under a Representative
Government; and when the people believe that
heir confidence is misplaced, aud their agents
uniathful, they not only have the right to speak,
but it is their most solemn duty to speak in terms
that cannot be misunderstood. We claim ihe
privilege of believing that we,are as much de
voted to the cause, though we object to the po
l icies of our Constitution head, as Jhe most
uueomprimising friend or the President and
his acts. And so believing we shall not hesi
tate to criticise his official acts whenever we are
convinced tiiat it will be for the good of the
country to do so. «
Tanked Leave Holders.— The Northern
papers, learns the Appeal, state there was
a meeting of the Anti-slavery Society recent
ly held in Boston. A Dr. lvriox, who had
been down at Beaufort, among the islands,
within Saxton’s lines, was one of the speakers’
He professed to speak the actual truth, and
from actual experience declared the whole idea
of “freedmen” was a hideous joke; the Presi
dent’s emrneipation proclamation a sham. The
so-cailed lreedmen at the South were to day as
bad off as they were in slavery; worse off than
before the war; lor the Northern men who had
gone down there and taken charge of the
‘ poor uegro, ,; in ihe name philanthropy, were
full as wicked, as oppressive, as lyranuical-yes,
more wicked and avaricious than the original
slaveholders.
The day wages for a negro on Sea island
cotton fields is worth ST a day at the present
prices for cotton; but they who hold the
plantations make the negroes woik for fifteen
cents a day, and, if he dare to complain, is
treated with the foulest language, abused in
various cruel ways, scourged, told lie is 'n A
worthy of freedom iT he complains, and threat
ened with immediate enlistment in tuo army .
Iu this way they are forced to submit to the
most galling servitude. Before closing his ad
dress this Dr. Knox had sometbiug to say
about the ‘ Freemen’s Society.” He charuc
terized it as'“The God Forsaken National
Freemen’s Aid Society !” It was* a humbug,
a cheat; obtained funds under false pretences
to buy goods, which they sell to the negroes
and then pocket the money. The society,
united wita the Northern slaveholders, were
grinding tne negro to the dust, in the name of
humanity, aid growing oi the sufferings cf
the black man and th; miseries of the coun
try. As for Gen Saxton, Dr. Knox declared,
in the Aost emphatic terms, and repeated the
declaration, that “Gen. ftaxton, who is a cow
ard and a rascal, stands at the head of this op
pression, and is, practically , the head aud lead
er of the slaveholders at Port Poyal.”
Abuses of Power.— We hope thal General
Breckinridge, who is a statesman as well as a
soldier, anif a patriot as well as a philosopher,
now that he occupies a position so well adapt
ed to his capacities, and so favorable to the.
illustration of his great character for wislotn,
justice and purity, will lose no time in iasti
luting the reforms necessary to limit the into'!- j
erable abuses of military power, by the official
upstarts which swarm over the land and
plague it, like the frogs of Egypt. We venture
to gpclare it as our fixed opinion that all o.htr
causes combined have not been half so disas
trous to onr cause, as this abuse of power.
Young men without experience, reckless men
of careless, thoughtless habits, without refined
sensibilities, iacapabie of the instincts ot gen
tlemen, wh0147 devoid of the social refim-mems
are often found in positions of power, which
they abuse to insult our citizons *>id t'jj'msre
every generous and unselfish impuise ot a pa
triotic ueopie. Men who are incapable of aj
predating the difference between a noble vol
unteer soldier in the cause of liberty, who h s
sacrificed the comforts of home and the genial
delights of refined social life, for tiie exposures
and hardships and periis of the camp and bat
tle field, ana a mere Hessian—a “hospital”—a
hired mercenary—a human bloodhound—i«
not fit for the duties of any office in
the army of the Confederacy!
It is right that our authorities should know
that the people chaie under the misrule of pet
ty tyrants, who prey upon their subsi-teLce—
insult their sensibilities and do all iu their
power to alienate the affections and extinguish
the zeal of the patriotic, the disinterested, the
t generous, of ail .classes.. This is a source of
weakness which has not yet been appreciated.
It demands li*- earnest . ... ,7
ol
. A New A-ie r,. ~ . „ 7 " ’ A
act to ptovide tor
’
departed, ,* shal lu-p.. ,U , 'the’ Compel
ate States wsthc-.j' - ’
Congress, aim f' fv i>aßaH ‘ i by '
Bec I. ifie Comnvss ut to, n • 1
Btates oi Ameiic.i u “ ok7 0 k 7 ,7 ? Gontederate.
-on snail ,u.u .. ... f ’ 11 P-r
--j crate fckaim, 1 f'f u lue GJtuad
i Pres.ideai, or , .., u,- 1 • ’' 1 ’ 1 -T the 4
I o.g iac Irau-,.u ssics ~ . 7'"7','‘ c,u a ' u
-
■ suenpe.mission. . 7:':*
. lij Sciyfce, , , • ; V- -I ; tLc tj
toe property ot otner alien enemies, but ail
proceedings, lor toe sequestration of ins mo -
perty shall ce.iso, auu n. shatl cease t*e be
treated us au alien cuvmy by reason, of such.
Ucpatiuie, it. during the p no war, aud be
toic a decree ol ScqucsuaLpn shall be pro
nounced against, .us ptocercy, he snail return
and enter upon toe pertoim.moe (ft mihtaty
service, according to law. Bur, tins act shall
not apply to persons » r..), a>- die time ot their
dcpaituie, shah bona tide re.-ido within tne
lines ot. the enemy, or m a pari of me Oonied
® ■'•• military occupi - the enemy.
ejection 2. It any person to whom ihe pre
ceding section applies, sh «it voluntarily, and
without such pier mission, go wftniu the miiita
ry Lues ot toe enemy, auu remain there more
•nan sixty days, he en<*i. oe presumed to have
departed irbm the (Jonf. m ime -iv.tcs wuhiuthe
meaning o> tins act.
• >et . i ■ . . person-has’heußt bore vol
un,»ii.y, and without : uo.; - imissiou, de~
parted 1 rotn the Cpnmdcr.ae bwsss, or gone
v.-ituia the military iinca oi die e.-.-any for she
puipoae oi avo£u: t ,g inn.-.iaq tun vice, at the
lime being to masary. service, accordiug
to law, ‘or being non name to mii'ary service
ac.coraing to law su-.n pers-jnsii also oe treat
ed as an.uneii eucuiy, and 111s property shall
h-; liabi .• - q . Iratiou ecu suit gto all the
precedi g provisions, uniuts sUoh person shall
letuin aua enuri - upm in....,,. ~ sorviec accord
ing to law, within s.x moutus a.-.tor tne passage
Ol Laid - *
BtCnoii t. Aii grants, cun . oyances, sales,
gins aud-trail: ieps 01 p.op.aiy uoiealter made
by any person who suaii be uaoio to military
Service, at me tunc or m it»ug toe same, aud
whose property.scan -e, oo uaaie to ‘seques
tration under tons act, aau uil aliens and «a
--cumbranc-.s hereail.r cn aLd on ms pioperty
wneu he is liable, to miiUary service, shall be
void as against tire chdm 01 sequestration.
Approved.Febrir-a.y 3 I
M mites ot Points ire.eiueii !>y. liie Supreme
Court,
.. Parker vs Haagt. im-un —Uio rk vs. Brady :
Habeas Corpus, - I. Tne p wer of Congress to
rawe armies by contcf puop -i • not restricted *
io men ante ior active .-m vice m the field, but
extends to such aisojrs, though uuaffle tor that
iapabreof. rite teg the dutiesof
“provost or Hospital gu red, or eioi sis, or clerks"
guard-, agon..'., employees or laborers m the
commissary, qu.irtenua-i.;-. or 'ouiancedepart
ment, oi ui clerks or employees of navy
agents, oi the duties reqiliaiie'-iu the tx
oi the enrolment Acte, or other similar duties.”
The Btb section dt the Ac:ol reb 17 I8(il tii-,
tilled. Au itCb to OrgamZb; forces to suive dur
ing the war, is therefore constiiutiouaL
2 iu executing that, S-otiou of tins Act, it is
necessary tnat tne report cf the of bur*—
geous snould specify lire panic ar duty for
which each man is capable. A report in geu
erai terms, mat the conscript is lit lor light,
duty, is not sufficient. Ju administering the
military statues of tipi country, a sirict con
form uy to their provisions is requisite.
The following case we have heretofore pub
lished, out vviiu important errors. We now
produce it correctly :
(Jobb vs. B;ack: Habeas Corpus—l. Iu -an
equity case, the Judge having, under the code,
appointed a Receiver in vacation, aud ordered
the defendant to turn over to' him the assets in
dispute, may also in vacation enforce obedience
to-the order by attachmant for contempt.
2. Bueh attachment is not punitive merely,
but remedial, and therefore the imprisonment
ot the party under it may endure so long as
the party continues disobedient. Tne limita
tions lixod by the code ti> iho term of impris
onment ior contempt generally are not appli
cable.
J ones vs Biilingklea—Jones vs C.utliff : Ha
beas Corpus.»—ltepsona exempted from Confed
erate service as managers of their own fa*ms,
are, nevertheless, name to serve in ihe (State
Militia.
Thornton vs'Towns: Application for In
junction—Ou'a tute-to show cause why an in
junction should no' bo granted, the answer of
the dclendaut to the .allegations’ .of the bill,
and the affidavits supporting »he answer, were
held sufficient to Warrant a reiusal of the in
junction.
Leonard vs. Acee : Habeas Corpus.—A lax
assessor ol the Conledcrate States is exempt
from military service ;n the militia.
Brock vs. McCiuskey—Mciane vs.Collans:
Habeas Corpus —B-oidierg .belonging to the Con
federate Biates Iteseives, who arc . arrested for
felony, by tire ervu authorities of the Stare,
aud admitted to bad, are iiaoie to be ordered
i)ix C/ii tO t»£i£tl CUlUlijL illCi » rtliv? tit
find to be pitu again o-t auU*. iic -e casus are
controlled in principle by the c .re of Afford vs
Irwin decided at Awiiodgeviiie, in November
last.
The Georgia Legislature and the Conscrip
tion' Law.— Jhe following request
ing the repeal of ,ke conscription law passed
the Georgia Legislature; .
Whereas, In the pre-ent struggle/ for
pendence, every ageniy oe ■ mployed .
to recruit onr armies by effcourag,ng volun
tary enlistments ii t scare-, aial believing'
as we do that many .pi the citizens of this
bfate who are now out of i;w vice, would wjll
ingiy enlist in the same if allowed to voJun
;tfeer in orsan ziiioad of tneir own choice.
Therefore, be it
Resolved, By the Genera! Assembly, that
out 1 fletegari-ffi in Cong' < -s be i equated to
favor the passage of a re; c&aug the Lon
fecriptioa Act, an fi.i’fajiiz up tic. Vi evident of
Urn Confederate States to e.ee«pt battalions
and regimen s m organ.z 1 1. under <meets of
their own selection, for rei vice during the- war;
Provided, that tae act to i peal the conscript
iaw. to obviate all dounte on the c*,
should contain ah express provision that it
shall not relieve or take out of service any oi
ganizition in me seiv : ce.
Approved March Urn, 18'.*.
Georgia StatS'Liss Iti.Gi.’.re t o ~-'i bese Regi
ments are now in gamp near our city. The
Ist Regiment i = com;, re ted by i»j. Xoctt; he
Lieut. Coi. B. D Bre’p 2d ittriment.
These Regiment--, UaU d< ih» 8 ate “some
service.” On-the r ’dH <-f Jun •29h an i 22J of
Jniy., und fG-JO. lire! ■•K - m iff, -ut
tered ngaviiv A.r-@nswoluviiie, au a Hon
ey Hifl, So tU. : dhey «c:-d flxe vetecins —•
They have, voluntarily, g r out o the State
three times, aitaough ia •«“. * ve only
within the limi’s of th ‘ ! ' J "* •- ra:;i{s
have almost been depleted by r-e.vtea ur the
fit-id and by diseaseybiu - Lr t. ■ ♦•ommaad
of their g&llaut Lit-utenaut. <J lonui they are
ready to carry the flag oi the State wherever
duty and the ordeis of their superiors .assign
them. — Union,