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N S. MO iSK.
'lire M .Tll)>' \>■ DKBT.
The people of the United Hlatos h-.v fiv
od to pay the debt created by t:t" \vu. !Gpu
diatlon-with all it« i: .justice and di-honeriy. I
been discard© 1 by an en'hrbv nod public «;nli
rnent. But how to meet 'his vast <1 hi. in a
manner least burthensome and injurious to the
people, is a problem which will task the utmost
capacity and energies of American stab man
ship.
We have before ns, i” the cue of England,
an instructive example of what a ; »>!< ' u
accomplish in meeting a vast nalto al wu
debt fn the course of h r prv.i-tcto'l co nti
nental war, she incurred a deb. la:-ei (1 in
our own, with which she lias hi. • .:uiiy •. ap-
Died, without damage to b,,r credit oi injury to
her people. Indeed, her debt lms proved to
her a Bource of national strength, and r Lend
of union which has imparted addiM' < u solid!
ty to the vast fabric ol British wealth an 1 pow
er. Since the creation o( that debt, he ha. j
enjoyed a higher degree of'prosperity than cue j
ever did before.
- Tire groat financial measure which brought j
the debt within bounds, which is . ■ h- |
nation to pay its interest without • ;■ -■■.*! r• ss- ;
ment, w.iH Ibet known as ooneoiidari-.M. The j
inflexible determination of the government to j
meet its obligations, sustained by*tbo force of ;
public opinion, gave it such a degre • oi credit j
in Iho financial world, that ic was euabled to
reduce tho interest of its debt to four per ceut.
per annum. This was accomplised by a very
simple process.. The government from lime
to time tendered payment to iiH creditors of
portions' of the principal of its debt, unless
they would accept in lieu thereof new bonds,
bearing only four per cent, interest. But so
high bad the public credit risen, and k, much
esteemed were those consolidated bonds by
capitalists, as a safe, permanent, investment,
that they were taken as fast as (.lb red. And
thus, without paying any part of the principal,
the interest on the whole debt was reduced to
lour per cent. These new bonds acquired the
name of consols, an abbreviation of the term
consolidated applied to the debt wiili its re
duced interest, and have been, ever since their
Issue, regarded as tho safest of investment*—
■ought afler and in active demaud throughout
Europe.
We may accomplish the same' result by the
same means. Hut the indispensable condition
of this is the hearty and unanimous co oper
ation of the people. They must susiain the
credit of the Government with their entire
confidence. They must honor its obligations
with unquestioning trust. They must, inf a
word, bring Federal notes and bonds to pur,
and keep them at par. They must make’
them as good as gold among themselves, in
their business transactions.
Thus manifesting unlimited confidence in
the ability and integrity of their own govern
ment, nud their lirm determination to sustain
it in meeting its obligations, our bonds will
soon come to bo regarded by European capital
ists as quite equal to British consols,'and will
be sought alter with t qual avidity. ITie result
will ho that our citizens to whom the greater
part of our national debt is duo, will bo able
to sell United States bouds in Europe, at par,
and thus bring a vast amount ot cash capital
into the country, which will increase our abil
ity to pay the interest of the debt
The strength and stability which the United
States government has displayed in the -late
fiery ordeal through which it has passed, will
greally heighten its credit in the ey ee oi' the
financial world. And all chat is necessary
now to raise the credit ol the eoveniini n; to
an equality with that of tiie proud g< . n.i ienl
of England, is for the people to sustain it. with
their unanimous aud determined support.
This is clearly our true policy, and ho man
who depreciates the bonds or notes of his gov
ernment is blind to Ids own ii 'ei ■ . If he
will but reflect for a moment., lie must m o that
he is only increasing his own taxes, vhile he
if crippling the ability of his government to
meet its obligations.
It is a maxim of the English Common law
that allegiance and protection are recipiv.c il
No citizen can rightfully claim the protection
of a Government whose policy he thwarts ;
whose measure's he opposes ; aud whos<> offi
cers aud friends he taunts and insuit ■ without
even the pretext of a provocation. These may
be regarded as axiomatic truths—which uo one
has heretofore had the temerity to question or
impugn. It does seem, however, that there
are a few in this community who desire to
reap all the benefits oi (lie late pacification
without Incurring any of the obligations conse
quent thereupon. We shall nlw. ys advo
cate a lair aud diepas-iut .foe cr'dio-m of
public men aud measures, but tlri* Is widely
different from that eonsfaut fault-buding nd
that indiscriminate abuse which is • -ft, r jh?
product ot mortified pride than of earne.-i pa
trfotiem.
Has it never occurred to these par tie* lb it j
a renewal of political agitation at th
juncture is only to t. u- open the %u> ua..s of
our maDglod and bleeding section before they
have even partially cicatrized ?
The object of the late military convention
was to restore peace i > this country We are
in honor bound to observe it, and j, aV;>
only to ask any one who possesses , ae instincts
of true manliness, what sort if peace is tha,
which allows of scurrilous if not treasonable •
attacks ou the Governmdtu, and of rude ~ud
unmannerly treatment ol the soldiery of that
Government when engaged in the di'scbrrge of
duty ?
We have warned the countiy against these
incendiaries who are still scatt.vii g tl tbroads
through our Southern commitcuy. We ]. ;l ve i
done so in spite of obloquy and rep to i -ii We
now expostulate with these parties the a;.-elves.
If they are friends of the South—if they would
not sully that escutcheon which has p ;.ssed un
tarnished by dishonor through the smoke of a
hundred battlefields ; if i' ey would not be- mr
the women and children of the South and con
vert the land into a dev rt and inhospitable
waste; if they would bring abort none of these
appalling consequences— we implore them
to abstain from further agitation, and to coun
sel everybody to renew their allegiance to the
Unit 1 Suit,. Government. That Government
; while it enforces, the laws will temper justice
\ with mercy. But. on the other hand toward
those who. by their conduct, stubbornly refuse
the pcflcre.i amnesty, it will oxercN- die most
j unsparing rigor.
We have been led into this train of reflec
tion by the fpet that very sojn an opportuul
| ty will be afTorde.i the chiz >ns of Aiwusta to
j subscribe an oath of allegiance to the United
States Government. If we are correctly in
-1 formed of the purport of this obligation, it is
' -imply a pledge under thfe sanction of an oath
1 to obey henceforth the constitution and laws
jof the Union. Tho. e who honest,lv iround o
I do this, can have no hesitation in giving a f v
nnil expression to that purpose. It will, how
lever, enable theanri-V. ' , to be
tween the friends and enemies of the estab
i iished order. We doubt no i the ic will he un
agreeable compliance with tho wishes of the
j authorities in this respect.
GtiiSKiLL n W 4RFAHE.
We trust that now the war is over, at least
in this department, all will acquit see cheerful
ly and in good faith in the settlement made
by Gen. Johnston in oar behalf. That none
will be so mad or so wicked as to attempt to
r- iiew itby any acts of a hosiile By
ail civilized and even barbarous and savage
nations treaties of peace tire held sacred, and
religiously observed. Were it otherwise, wars
would be interminable, and the peace of com
munities forever insecure,
At the present moment, it is specially Im
portant that all, both soldiers and people, real
ise the full extent and binding character o
this obligation. Our faith is pledged to a st> ict
and exact fulfilment of the terms agreed to by
our wise and patriotic representative. To vio
late them in any particular, is a flagrant breach
of honor and good faith on our part, which
con oiJy result in mischief to ourselves.and
damage io (.nr character. No good can possi
bly come of it, but only unmixed evil. Le*
not Southern, like Punic faith, become a pro
verb rod by-word among mankind, through
the icckless acts of designing, violent or un
thinking men among us. Having made peace,
let us observe its terms os a people regardful
of their plighted faith,and jealous of their own
honor
Wc are led to make these remarks by some
unpleasant facto which have come to our
knowledge. We have heard of some instan
ce sto which military stores and prpperty of
the Confederacy, since their transfei to the
United Bipt.es government by the truce agreed
upon, have been surrendered to the plunder
ing propensities ol the mob, or lravo been
spirited away by tbo persons Laving charge of
them. Ibis is nothing more nor less than rob
bery—a shameless/u;d felons u • violation of a
i .emu treaty made to sec tire pence and
safety of these States. Aud we denounce
all who have in any way participated in these
outrages as public enemies—enemies of the
üb’ic peace, of the rights and safety of the
•oil urunily, and of the government to which
they owe their allegiance. The persons who
have thus undertaken for. their own selfish
ends, and on tire r own responsibility to set
at naught a treaty on which our people de
pend for secu.ity and repose, deserve to be
hunted down 3S outlaws, to be made to dis
gorge their ill gotten plunder, and to suffer the
just'penalty of their crime The people of
these States cannot afford to have their peace
and all they hold dear, endangered by these
incendiaries, and should frown them down as
iheir worst enemies.
We are, also- pained to bear, that a very few
of the soldiers oi Gen. Johnston’s department
hesitate to accept the parole tendered them,
and entertain wild thoughts- of engaging ; in'
some kind of a mad and fruitless gu&rilla war
fare. Wc hope, however, they will ail aban -
don e such a chirnei ical and fatal scheme, and
return peacefully to their homes. They will
only ensure their ov;n„destruction by hazard
ing such a vaiu and ruinous contest, and in
flict distress and injury on the people in whose
b h tlf they took up arms. The example of
Mexico and other countries where such war
fare has been common, is warning enough of
its pcrncilcus consequences to any communi
ty. Let us have none of it. After four years
of war, and after our ablest generals have de
cided that we are unable to continue it any
longer, in the name, of God and humanity let
us have peace, a complete cessation of hostili
ties in every part of cur land.
T here is. also, anotßter species of ’ petty war
which some are disposed to indulge—a war of
reproaches; of recrimination aud insult towards
our late opponents. This is both foolish and
unmanly, and we are sure will bo frowned
down by a brave and magnanimous people
who know how to demean themselves with
dignity and propiiety in peace as well as war.
The men who are disposed to indulge in this
kind ofjatttv and contemptible breach cf th
peace we feel assured will only meet
the condemnation aid scorn of the people,
whose peace they attempt to disturb.
To the Public.—As soon as the treaty was
made between Geus. Sherman and Johnston,
the property which was in the various arsenals,
storehouses, machine shops, and stables of the
so called Confederate States, in Gen. Johnston’s
Department, at once became the property of
the United States. To take any of it without
leave was to rob that government. This thing
has been done by many—by some unthinking*
iv, but. we are aorry to say, by many cooly and
deliberately. Now the government is deter
mined to have what belongs to it. It will gei
it peaceably if it can—hut it will use force if
necessary. We trust no one will compel it to
resort to the latter course. There is one thing
quite clear—it is able to protect itself, and will
undoubtedly do so. Furthermore, it will un
doubtedly protect the property, which lawfully
it owns.
>-e would here take occasion so caution
our citizens uot to purchase any arms, mires,
i " L ons - or, in short, any thing which belonged
|to the iate # called Confederate States. If
i thry do. they will have, either sooner or later.
; to give them up, and they will in the end be
| losers, no matter how great the bargains they
| think they obtain.
j The kind and courteous invitation of Gen!
| Molinenx to all who have any of the
property referred to, will be found in the offi
cial ooiuinn. We hope all who have any of
the articles above spoken of in their posses
u'TGi.ATA +A., WEDNESDAY HORNING MA Y 17, iB6O.
‘in wiil at once come forward an I cheerfully
, deliver t.ern up. If they will so do, they
, will prevent the issuing and execution of
1 more stringent orders
“i’S*.<: OS fcAii 51. >OUl» .Vli.L, TOW IRD*
MRS,”
It is- aid that on ose occasion during tin
i to civil war, two liostile armies were encamp
ei on • lie opposite banks of a magnificent river
j Earth and air were to. inb!tog under the tbnn
j d< rs oi is tvy artillery, and occasionally the
j md/rry ■ aids of both inpies would be heard
! above the uni se of the guns.
Perhaps ic compliment to a bjrave toe, the
splendid band in the army of the Union, struck
up ‘‘Dixie/’ To wh]ch the Southern piusio
■ - plied with “Yankee Doodle. 7 ’ Then came,
•There G Life % the Old Laud Yet,” fromotbe
North, ami the South replied with “Hail Co
lombia.” Then the music on the Union side
began a well known air, and the Southern
bind joined. One alter another the heavy
guns ceased to bellow, and the pattering rain
of fire from the pickets ceased, and men held
their breaths to listen to the spell, and. no
sound was heard, save the rush of the groat
river and the solemn music. And the magic
sweetness (hat stilled the thunders of battle,
and evoke in friendly sympathy the pulsing
hearts of mighty toes, was “Home, Sweet
Home ”
A kindred charm breathes upon the hearts
of a great people to-day, and, tho talsmanic
word which is linked with all the dear thoughts
ol wife, children, mother, home and Heaven, is
“Peace.”
It was over a world of peace that the morn
ing stars first sung, while all the sons of God
shouted for joy. It was in reply to the sacri
fice of peace that floated up from the first altar
built on the wreck of the deluge, that Gcd
wrote his tainbow answer on the the arch of
I
heaven And it was to hail no less an event
than the birth of the Redeemer, that the an
gel heralds from the skies of Palestine, pro
claimed “Peace on earth, good will towards
men ”
There is yet music enough in the word to
cilm intemperate exultation on the part of
the victor, and to soothe the wounded .pride of
the defeated, for it is pregnant with the hope
of belter days.
While, therefore, both sections will join tq
ween over the dust of the immortal dead, and
we of the South awake from starry dreams of
power to find our pillow in the dmt; yet the
peace that has come, is the real fruition of a
nation’s hopes, as it is the answer to a nation’s
prayers. Aud Christian hearts will not refuse
that preface to the angel hymn at Bethlehem,
“Glory to God in the Highest ” ,
With an unwavering confidence of the good
ness of God, and without a doubt that “the
. mi!.!i i whole Earth hall done rlgbi” wc.
recognize the fully ol useless lamentation,whoth
er over the withered gourds of Jonah at Nin
neveh, or over the withered hopes of ambitious
nun to-day. Therefore, let The white flag and
star embroidered cross oi the late so-called
Confederate Government, yield again to the
stars and stripes of the Unioto of our fathers ;
let the sentiment, of one of the Southern songs
“God will defend the right,’’ be accepted as
the just, verdict in our capo, and let all hearts
feel the true philosophy of Pope, “Whatever
is, is right.”
There was little cause to begin the struggle,
fi r the election of President Lincoln was in
strict conformity to the forms of the Constitu
tion; and as Senator Stephen k. Douglas told
us, there was little danger from his polities, so
long as the Democrats held the majority in
both branches ot Congress, and held »li the
rights of the South perfectly safe so long as
Southern members held their seats.
The disruption of' Use Democratic party at ;
Charleston paved the way for the defeat of
both the Douglas and Bell parties, without the j
success of Breckiuiidge ; and upon that it was i
easy to accomplish the wish ot lion William |
L. Yancey, of Alabama, “to lire the Southern :
J i
heart, and precipitate the Cotton States into [
Revolution.” tv
For ourselves, we have always wholly repu
diated !.he idea that either the subjugation or ;
annihilation of the South were involved in the I
c miest., and instead of scaring the people into j
desperation by the raw-head and bloody-bones :
of utter ruin, we have insisted upon the idea i
that “Governments derive their just power j
from the consent of the governed.’ 7
The South when she seceded, insisted that j
the consent she had given to a Constitutional j
Union, could be withdrawn. The majority
both of the people and the States of the Union i
denied it. The South ha? fought about that |
question mainly, lor nearly five years, and i
the decision, both by wager of battle, and ;
the pr Ideaeo of God, is evidently against’
her. That one question is dead aud buried,
for it is folly to assert a right where there is no
way to attain it; a wrong with no remedy, is j
no wrong of which law or equity takes noticei ;
and peaceable secession is the mere phrase of !
a past day that has no meaning now. There i
foie let us ali oe happy in the peace and secu
rity we art) now guaranteed. Let us all be j
happy with the fact that we have a permanent
peace, and that there will be in the United
States of America no more vast battles where
thousands of brave men will pour o»t their
blood in useless slaughter. Brother will no
more fight with brother and friend with friend,
and the red altars of sacrifice at Malvern Hill,
at Shiloh, at Missionary Ridge, and at Vicks
burg, at Gettysburg, at Fredericksburg and at
Manassas, will smoke no more with the hot in
cense from hero hearts. There will be no more
vast hospitals full of the sick and dying, assem
bled misery and congregated disease. No
more loss of life'or limb by wholesale, nor lin
gering death on distant fields or in lonely
swamps No more crowds of widows and or
phans. whose black robes cast the shadows of
death on the homes of the living.
But every railway train is crowded with sold
iers all going home ; and from every town
and hamlet on the long dusty way, at every
depot and cross-road, will be anxious and ex
pectant faces, all looking for the dear ones re
turning. In the lonely cottage in the distant
mountain glen, or on the banks of stjme blue
river, the wife or mother will look out again
from the dcor way, as she has looked so often
in the long years, ahd the approaching form
thiengh the field, or along the grass growu
oath, wiil has :i. oi' n-nd, or lover, and
sometimes a father. ‘Vmm bosoms will pitlow j
manly heeds as t . m: r tells .of all he has !
seen and suffered, n 1 tne. sweet- lips of the
maiden press the b< iro and ones of the soldier |
as old vows arc b- ■ i '••■d araiu.
Let the sw- •• -' r Widiam Ross Wal |
lace * close tbu- i>l* *l l for Peace on earth, j
good wdl f ;wards men-
A wis'-st one of rncient tune.
Who asked, by o'!■ starrv gods
When in s< m • -mrA benignam mood,
■ What boon be < '• sr
From all tb- ir 1 1) l‘;Et power
That rim’d » un: verse ;
Gave aoswor ■ Pkxcs
•Nor gold, f ' ■ sM.t. nor diadem,
Nor popular apu’ or-to.
'Nor iwh trod/ ep ;
But quiet In- V iuevcitstream ;
But stillne-s in the.spfHts assure sky—
No sound but such a; breathes
Am’.d the orchesiflowers,
Led by the soft south wind,
Whose .measures >re brimful of memories
T hat ire the sv.a'ct wrecks of earth s old
Paradise
“I ask but peate !”
And from the throned Powers above
That guerdon breathed,
Soft a#the waving - t Malian wings
On moonlight mission sent
Over his brow.
What aspi et then wu fair, and following life,
What largo content, wiiat sovrtu smile at all
That jangle common lots,
We know not, ne’er can know, wo who in storm
Make a p; r pel ml uu an :
Yet hug ike passions si ii! that cause the misery;
Ambition, fl.-ry love, and crouching for revenge.
“ 2 ask but Peace!"
Still to it's music’s p.-rfcct sweetness lean ;
Still pntv nuto rhe Siany Gods tor power
To scorn the pa-.sj-m-v yet
That shut us tie r the will
He had. who asked but for that Paradise.
On ItoAOr, Ert'HNAi. Pkacb.
»■
The Way to Settle. Difficulties.—Hereto
fore it has been a universal custom in this sec
tion of t-ho‘world for every one who had any
real or imagined grievances to settle such mat
teie themselves This state of affairs was
brought about b wrong notions of good gov
ernment aud a diseased public opinion. A man
who went to law on account o! an insult or to
settle a persona! difficulty, was put down as an
insignificant coward.
Anew orefer of tiling;) has Veen osiabih.hed.
Law bmcafter will reign Mi; rerne If a party
has any real or imaginary, grievances to settle,
the Provost. Marshal will see that j office is
done. If he, ihowever, sees tit to pursue au old
and exploded course in regard to the matter,be
fore he gets through lie will undoubtedly find
himself before the same court Ije refused to
t ike h : s case to.
To al thes.; we say •: Lif law aud good or
der prevail. UphoU the law by governing
your acts t hereby. Take not the law into your
own hands, for if yc.it do. you, may
find yourselves in the hards of the law.
No Cause fob Alarm.—Some of the more
nervous of our citzuus are a little apprehensive
because ot the large influx ol negroes from the
adjoining plantations
The U. S authorities are unsolved to main
tun public order, ami no disturbances’ robbe
ries, er exoesr.es, eLh r by whites or blacks, will
be tolerated.
We have in this connexion a word of friend
ly advice for the latter class. The military
authorities have no present supplies of com
missary stores beyond the necessities of their
own troops. They cannot therefore undertake
to subsist you—if would bo well for those who
have homds where they can obtain food and
clothing to return to them. The authorities
will not petmit idleness.. It is the language oi
the Holy Writ - that “if a man will not work
neither shall he ear.’ Such is the a arcity of
food and clothing that nobody, whether white
or colored, should he without some useful
employment.
Greenbacks as Legal Tender.— Onr citizens
have been much annoyed the past week by the
conduct of tome of the parties in market who
refused to take greenbacks for the articles
they bad to sell. On Tuesday morning Major
Allen, the Provost Marshal, made his appear
ance on the ground and laid down a few wise
and salutary laws in regard to the matter.
Hereafter if any party refuses to take green
backs. they should be'reported to Major Al en
at once. He will arrange all such matters
promptly. The issues of the government will
uot be allowed to be discredited.
:—-ais- .ineu- t
How xt Works Elsewhere. —We are in
formed thst the change in the labor system
in Tennessee Ids been productive of no serious
hardships or inconvenience to the people oi
that State. Indeed many of them greatly pre
fer the present plan and are satisfied that
I they now secure better labor at a lower price
than formerly .
! Os course during, the transition period there
> is some slight derangement of the social ma
! chinery, but in a cotup ratiVely short- tjme
| everything is accommodated to the new rela
| tions between capital and labor.
j The Trade Restrictions Removed, — The
j following-order .has been issued by the Prest
* dent:
Executive Chamber, )
, Washington, April 29. f
| Executive Order.
; Being desirous to relieve all loyal citizens
i and jvell disposed persons residing in the in
! surrectionary States from unnecessary commer
i cial restrictions, and to encourage them to re
; turn to peaceful pursuits,
j It is hereby ordered :
First—That a 1 ! restrictions upon interna
. al, domestic, and coastwise commercial inter
j cotrsre. be discontinued in such parts of the
. States of Tennessee,Virginia, North Carol inn,
! South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississip
j pi, and so much of Lou iana as lies east of the
I Mississippi river, as shall be embraced within
I the lines of the national military occupation
! executing enlv such restrictions as are imposed
| fc« the acts of Congress and regulations.
| in pursuance thereof described by the secrete. -
S ry of the treasury ard approved by the Presi
| dent, and excepting also rero the effect of this
order the tbllttfnUe aruc-es contraband ci war,
to wit : Arms, ammunition, and all articles
from which ammunition is manufactured, gray
uniforms and cloth, locomotives, cars, railroad
iron, and machinery lor operating rai roads,
telegraph wires, insulators, and instruments
for operating telegraphic lines.
Second —All existing military and naval or
ders in any. manner restricting internal, do
mectic, and coastwise commercial intercourse
and trade with or in the localities above named
be and the same are hexeby revoked, and that
no military or naval officer in any manner in
terrupt or interior*: with.the same..
I’uK iDt.si tita-LVo w eiv
A t ft.
A WKiiiif! ivv: Gt] hv she oitizms of Ba
vannah on Smuid.i,, A. \ '22, to give an op
j f o ' l 'D : “ r 1 • ■a ■ - r .- .'.-press their senti
j taents in regarii to the sination of Presi
j L' l;,, Tr 'Hie m-eiinff was held inJohn
: sou’s ry.-.me, o-.-d -as bitg-ly attended. The
Herald in ivttik'ng oi iim affair says :
A capaciou- stand was erected ea*t pf ft ;e
t-ireepe Monument- in Job:.ecu Square, wh-ch
was carpeted and iu nished with, seats *tor
about fifty oer&uts I T.- stand was appropri
ately draped in ; a:.-; »>r black and white
and decked with a pi/'udou of flowers; and
upon the o»ve.- - -re fixed regimental colors
dll-ltd and muftivd in black. Overhead the
tree:; w,ee fcs:_ -ax'd wdb die sable tokens of
gi ief, i'.oo til/.* f‘ ’bi ■V. iUu n pp; 0! e luoitocS
up.;- . \..c h.\ - ic i-ireb hrd hc-iu branch
o. br-nch ;
. “How .i'i: the :M■ ;bty Falft'u.” “He died,
but his ivi'itf".tohi ‘'The memory of
the-pastes bic-.-eo. Li u:.flu lover of his
country, lover of ins race.’ 7
The monumont. was rko decked in flags. and
moil! an a, &su ir the rear os the stand waved
a large flag strip-. I with black
Among the diet big u’shbd guests upon the
platform was Mitj. Gen. Giovor.
After tho meeting was org wuzed, the annex
ed resolutions were introduced :
Whereas, the people in, and of Savaurnh,
and thronghou' tins land,.hi o learned with
deep sorrow and pro-ournl ieg/et that, the Pres
id,-at &t the Undo,! State.- was cruelly assassi
nated on the evening of the T4th iust., and tliat
at about the inure ho&r the assassinsattempied
the lives ol ihe B -crctary of Rtate and his as
sistant; and whereas, tor the purpose of ox
pressing our horror and detestation of these
cruel, barbaro is and unparalleled atrocities,
b dh on ?■ ccou- .0 . the heiuousness of thecrim©
and of tho tore-parable loss sustained by the
nation, of his services, advice, and counsel et
this crisis, when our country is passing from
War to Peace, w, hav met here to denounce
tho perpetrated crime ; and it is also most fit
and proper that the people here assembled
should in a becoming manner acknowledge the
maguifuao and tuiportafice (>f his public services
ri ndered in tho lew eventful yeais; tliere
!ore, be it
Resolved, That in the death of the President
of she United States the people uot only mourn
the loss of a great, wise aud food man, but
they feel it to boa gr; ..1 national bereavement,
sensibly felt by the country to which the best
years of his life wore devoted, and that his ad
ministration of public affairs, both foreign and
domestic, has won cr > it from tr* one aud done
justice to the other. First, a member of the
Legislature oi Illinois, Turn its Representative
in Congress, subsequently the Chief Magistrate
of the nation, again elected to that highest po
sit-ion in the gi:t of the American people, Abra
ham Lincoln discharged the duties’of these sev
eral stations with a readiness and ability which
few may exp set to eqyal; iq ail of these main
taining tbe-tiouor and best interests of the na
tion. . •
Resolved, That from the deotbs of our
hearts we rbgvut that our Chief Magistrate
could not haVtf lived to realize the consum
mation of his labors; the earnest wish of his
heart- the restoration, reunion aud polled
harmony of all the States—one T ig, one coun
ty. < rr- p \
Resolved, That word* cannot, express our
execration of the spirit that suggested the con
spiracy for th-s brutai and cowardly asßaSsina
ticn. Wo see in it the culmination of treason,
and not only brand the perpetrator and his im
mediate aiders and abettors with infamy, as
the enemies of nfankind; but we go farther,
aud iav the foul crime at the door of those in
glorious authors of treason, secession aud re
bellion, who by their teachings, educated the
vidian who perpetrated the act. And that
in the perpetration of this crime against the
lives of two of its statesmen, we recognize a
blow struck not only at the liberty and Un
ion of the nation, but at its honor.
Resolved, That while we lament, most deep
ly, the loss of the head ol the nation, we feel
it our duty to pledge ourselves anew to the
great cause for which he lived, and worked,
and died, and to tender our hearty and un
qualified support, in this trying emergency,
to the Ruler who has been Constitutionally el
evated to the vacant chair.
Resolved, That for the benefit of the country
we earnestly pray that Providence will spare
the life of the Secretory .of State, and that to
the bereaved family of the deceased we extend
cur most sincere and heartfelt sympathy; their
loss is only exceeded by the loss of the Nation.
Resolved, That the thanks of this masting
are due and a hereby tendered to Brigadier
• Gen. M. 8. Littlefield and Brig. Gea. Washburn
and Col. Woodford for-the honoring this .meet
ing with their presence and for their patriotic
addresses on this occasion.
That the thanks of this meeting are also uue
to Coi Work and Cupt. Starr lor the zeal and
energy which they have contributed towards
assisting the Committee of Arrangements—in
the preparation of suitable uiean3 for holding
their meeting.
Resolved, ‘t hat the Chairman of this meeting
be requested to send to the afflicted family . a
copy of these resoiutioiffc.
The Resolutions were unanimously adopted.
Col. York then, after the performance of the
National Hymn, by the 11th Me. Band, intro
duced Brig. Gen. Littlefield..
ADDRESS OF BRIG. GE.N. LITTLEFIELD.
We have met together this afternoon to pay
an humble tribute of respect,to the memory of
the purest’patriot and noblest man of modern
times. Abraham Lincoln, Pres 5 foot of tho
United States, is dead! he has i on stricken
down in the full bloom of manhood, in the
prime of life, when he was full L: . h advanced
upon the proudest monument of iu.no, by the
cruel hand of au assassin.
Scarce had the g ad tidings which filled every
loyal heart from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
from the lakes to.the Gulf of Mexico with joy
and gladness died away, when the mournful
intelligence fell upon our ears chosen
leader and honored chieftain had gone forever.
Yesterday we inscribed Victory upon our
banners, to-day we write Patriot upon the
President's grave.
Oh, the terrible grief of this hoar! We
mourn a less irreparable. The soldier has left
the ranks, the sailor has dropped hi-- anchor,
the trader fc.as cleared his mart, the farmer has
stopped his plough, the merry ring of the an
vil and the bum of business are hushed and
still, that all may prostrate themselves around
his grave, with hand in hand and eye suffused,
bathe our land in tears. When after a few
brief moments to rise from our bed of sorrow
to swear before God and high heaven to mete
out to unrepenting traitors death, and to the
assassin the assassin’s doom. A crime has
been committed which has no.parallel fn the
annals of Republican history.
Humanity has been outraged, and the great
soul of the Nation is shocked with emotion
from centre to circumference.
Four years’ago the political leaders, those
in the councils of the Nation, sought to destroy
the Government for the single reason that they
refused, in the great election of 18‘JO, to keep
them longer in power. It was their determin
ation, as they could rule no longer, to destroy
this country and erect upon the ruins a despo
tic government, that they could rule or ruin,
according -o their caprice orfancy There was
\ in the contest of 1890 no more than there had
be*n in the various elections that had preceded
it—party lines were drav/n tight, but had they
not been so before ? The war was no revolu
tion, as the people had no right to contend for,
but what they all received under the old flag,
nor had they any grievance to redress.
The first great cause of this war can be found
in the ungratified ambition of a few partisan
Y.OL. LXXI V. —NEW SERIES VOL. XXIT NO. 20
leaders. At] other interests were lost sight ob
it was such a cause lor war,* that had the n.>.
pie «f the North said tc them, “Gome and rule
us,” they would have been satisfied.
When the Democratic Convention met in the
cify of Charleston, S. C., 18(50, William L. Yan
cey of Alabama,was regarded the leader of dm
“fire eaters. 77 Col. J. Knox Walker, oi Tennes -
see, represented the interests of Stephen A
!>'•»glass. Aft >r continual battling, the friends
of Senator Douglass became convinced that he
could not be nominated, and telegraphed M m
to that effect.. Senator Douglass replied : “If
they will adopt the Cincinnati platform, or
the principles therein endorsed, you may with
draw my name from the convention and pledge
my hearty support for any man they might
nominate. 77
Col. Walker, when he received this, sought
Mr. Yancy, and showed him the despatch.
Mr. Yancy replied, “I may as well be frank
with you (ir6t as last, and I tell you that any
proposition that will be acceptable to Senator
Dpugtaes or his friends. Is thereby in itself
to usl mean disunion. T wice
have I been before«oy constituency advoca
ting it ; twice have I been defeated, hut now
I shall succeed And, let the people and par
ties go as they wish, we care not; our organi
zation is such that we will drag out all who
. lyill not go peaceably. Thus,” as we lift the
'l«il of the paht four years, we can find the
real cause of this war. I ask you, people of
the South, what was the cause as stated by
them to you? what means did these heartless
leaders take to arouse the passions and. prej -
udices ot the inhabitants ? Did they, as men
and patriots, state to you the lacts upon, which
they based their resistance to the established
authority ? Vas it not rather by traducing
Abraham Lincoln, by arraigning him before
the people as one of the vilest of the vile, and
actually charging him ot committing neafiy
every crime in the criminal calendar ?
Now let us follow briefly the pathway of
the great man, Jo hear the verdict of his neigh
bors and friends and see what truth there' is
in this ridiculous statement.
Born in Harden county, Kentucky, on the
12th day ;f February, 1809. He was of hum
bio and lowly birth, away from schools and
the benefits of au early education, yet like Ihe
great Father of our Country the sCjcis of future
greatness were scon sown in his mind by a'
Christian mother ; the oft repeated ana - never
to be forgotten story of Washington and the
“Hatchet” was read to him, leaving a’deep im
pression and Si range to say, History has found,
in the eaily life of our late Pi . sident, its coun
teract. A Mr. Crawford, one of the eariy set
tlers in the neighb .eh >o(f where young Lin
coln resided, opened a school in his log [ca
bin ; with a raccoon cap and buckskin suit and
an old arithmetic found tor him he commenced
his studies for the “Higher Branches.” Mr.
Crawford lent, hint a copy of Ramsey’s Life of
.Washington. During a severe stoim Abraham
improved his leasure by reading his hook. One
night he laid it down carefully, ;*s he thought,
and the next morning he fo’und it soaking
through'. The wind had changed ; the storm
had beateu through a mack in the logs and the
appearance of the book was ruined.
How could he face the owuer under such
circumstances? He had no money to oiler as
a return, but he took the bock, - went directly
to Mr. Crawford, showed him the irreparable
iujury, and frankly and honestly offered to •
work for him until he should be satisfied.
Mr Crawford accepted the offer and gave
Abraham-Um htuat .tocvhla cwp Jn oreLum v
three days labor in pulling fodder. Tims va
find the first recorded act of tho illustrious
man, winning by bis manliness and straight
forwardness, the love and esteem of all his
neighbors, thus the incidents of his boyhood,
all foreshadowing the interest and integrity
which has characterised him so in later life.
Little else took place in his career till 1890,
when Thomas Lincoln, his father, moved to.
Decatur, Illinois. Mr. Lincoln was now twenty
one years of age, but did not go from home to
act independently until he had helped his
father locate his family, break the ground for
corn, and make a rail fence round lie farm.
We next hear of h:ni as a volunteer in a com
pany raised in Manard county, Illiuois, for the
Black Hawk war, he was made a Captain.
He sewed out his enlistment with honor and
distinction. His courage and patriotism
shrunk from no danger or hardship. From
his kindness of heart, honesty of purpose, and
most excellent judgment, he became the fries.d
of all who knew him; and the judge, to whom
was referred all difficulties and disputes aris
ing betweerrthe soldiers, aud he here received
his historical name of “Honest Abe ” At the
close of the war he returned to civil life, and
studied and practiced surveying..
in 1834 he was sent to the legislature of
Illinois, where he laid the foundation of his
future career as a statesman. In April, 1837,
he removed to Springfield, Illinois, anil com
menced the practice ot law. With the excep
tion of two terms in the Illinois Legislature
and one term in Gongress, he lived-as an hum
ble citizen with the people, loved and honor
ed by all who were favored with his acquain
tance.
The ehiidrenjjali speak his name with rev
erence, the aged find much in him to love and
cherish, but nothing to condemn.
It has been my good fortune to share the
friendship, to mingle with him in private life,
I have seen him under ail circumstances, and
never have I heard his name mentioned', as a
man, but in terms of praise and respect.
Os his public career I will not speak. There
his record stands, and there it will stand,
while the surr winds her course through the
Heavens, as an illustrious example of purity
and patriotism.
No ruler ever met mofe fully the highest
hopes of the people; those who at first thought
him slow, found in good time that the best
comprehended the great issue. His own par
ty met but to record in convention he popu
lar verdict of the man for the hour, aud all
lovers of their country acknowledge the
wisdom of his re-election.
Feeling these high expectations, Sherman
marched triumphantly through the Confedera.
cy. Gilmore raised the old flag over the shat
tered cradle of secession, and Grant in a single
{.rasp compressed the Capital and veteran
army of the rebellion. The country is tumul
tuous with joy and every heart overflows with
gratitude to the brave officers and Boldiers and
the illustrious (‘ommander-in-chief ; mingled
love and reverence are his as the savior of h'i3
country, more heartily accorded becaus he
declines it for himself. To the army he gives
the praise, to God the glory ! Proudly the old
ship of State in all her magnificent proportions
enters the haven ol peace with Lincoln at the
helm. In the fury of the storm the great, Cap
tain cut away slavery, making the Constitu
tion what our Fathers intended—the Charter
of Liberty. When had mortal more reason to
be prcud of success ? When had any people
greater motives to embalm in their hearts a
Chief Magistrate ? In such an hour the assas
sin strikes down this great, and good man,
piercing every heart with grief.
As we recover from the shock we seek some
motive for the atro ious crime. It w-13 not to
tarnish his proud fame, for that was secured
beyond mortal power to harm. It was not to
destroy the country, for his counsels had se
cured that al o. But it was that spirit of hell
conceived in the interest of slavery, born in
the perjured oath to support the constitution
nurtured in the fiendish torture of -Union pris
oners c-risteaed in this last murderous crime,
that should appal our hearts and paralyze our
! conquering armi@3. Shall it succeed ? No 1 a
; housand times no !!
I appeal to you who met these men at the
i ballot-box —who roused them on the battle
j field—risking your lives, not that traitors might
[' die, but that your country might live. If they
retreat to the lurking - place of the assassin,
hall not these same hands, triumphant in hoa
orable warfare, prove God’s sv.ift messengers
of vengeance.
Wo have .aworn to obey the President of the
United states, against a l l enemies whomsoever,
and over bis crimson bier we renew that oath.
By the holy reve r enc ‘ we bear -his name —by
our love for our Country—by all that is sacred
to Liberty, wo will maintain that oath. This
we do swear, lamented chieftain, in reverence
to thee, to preserve our Couutry the proudest
monument, of your wisdom and glory.
Our lather, our leader, out friend, has gone
to rest. It is well for ns that bis destroyer did
not complete his work before. He has been
spared by an All Wise Providence, to carry us
through the darkest, hours of our Country’s
gloom; and with one vqico we accord to him
the welcome plaudit of “Well done thou good
and faithful servant. 7 ’ Spirit 6f tho Patriots
bid him welcome, a> he c-.iiues fvesh from the
fields of glory; Pilgrims, in your dusty beds
inako room, for him, our country’s idol.
Appropriate speeches were also made by
Brig. Gen. Washburn, A. W. Blent, Esq., and
others.
HILLING OF Afc«AH*Sl.v BUOIH.
A Washington dispatch to the New Y ork
Times, in speaking of the capture of the assas
sin Booth gives the annexed particulars of the
matter: |.
About eight o’clock on the evening of April
26, we received the intelligence of the capture
of J. Wilkes Booth, the assassin of Abraham
Lincoln, and one of his accomplices in the
murder, David C. Harrold. The -following
are such of the particulars as we were enabled
to gather, which, with the exception of the
precise locality* where the occurrence took
place, we give as being reliable and correct.
It having been pretty closely ascertained
that Booth and his accomplices had crossed the
Potomac river at or ■' Aquia Creek, our
cavalry scouts in that vicinity .have been in
consequence.unusually active in their endeav
ors to get on their track. Early on the morning
of April 26, a squad of about twe) vo men belong
ing to the I6ih New York cavalry, finder com
mand of a Lieutenant whose name we did
not toara, succeeded in discovering the fugi
tives iu a barn on the read leading from Port
Royal to Bowling Green, ia Caroline county,
Va.
As soon aa the place was discovered, it was
surrounded, and the assassins ordered to sur
render. This they both refused to do, Booth
declaring that he would not be- taken alive,
and offering' to tight the whole squad if he
would be permitted to place himself twenty
yards distant from them. His proposition,
however, was not acceded to, and as they per
sisted in their refusal te surrender, the Lieu
tenant determined to.burn them out, and ac
cordingly set fire to the barn, shertly after
which ifarrold came out and gave himself up.
Booth remained in the burning, building for
some time, until driven out by the lire, when
ho rushed out and was immediately /shot
through tho neck by th&Scrgoa it of tho squad
ron. ■ ,
Since the above we have. had an interview
with two of the cavalrymen engaged in the
capture of the asst;ruins. From thun wq learn
that the whole party conticTed of 28, including:
two detectives.
The first information respecting Booth's
crossing the river, and his- probably wherea
bouts was obtained from disbanded rebel sol
flk,s, waojwyr.e put,with in_all directions in
thaTyuF.. »iTne a.iul.. y
From one and another of i.hete the clue to
Booth’ s-mevements was gathered and held un
til just at day break they Came upon the barn
where he and ILuroid were cecreted- \
A parley was held, aud Booth manifested the
most desperate <L termination net to be taken
aiive, and to take as many of the lives of the
party as possible
Lieut. Eward P Dougdberty, who command
ed the scofitirfg party, determined to make
short work ci him.
When Harrold saw the preparations for fir
ing the barn he declared his wifi-"guess to.
surrender, aid sid he would not fight if they
would let him out.
Booth, on the contrary was impudently de
fiant, offering at first to fight the whole squ%d
at one hundred yards, and subsequently at
fifty yards. He was hobbling ou crutches, ap~
parenty very lamo. He swore he would die
like a man, &c,
Harroid having been secured as sdoh as the
burning hay lighted up the interior of the
barn, sufficiently to render the scowling face
of Booth the assassin visUfio, Sergt. Boston
Curpett fired upon him and ho fell. The ball
through his neck.
He was pulled out o’, the barn and one of
his.crutches and carbine and revolvers secured.
The wretch lived about three hours, whisper
ing blasphemy against the Government, mes
sages to his mother desiring her to be inform
ed thathedied for his country. At the time
Booth was shot he waß loaning upon a crutch
and preparing to shoot his captors.
Only one shot was fired in tire entire affair—
that which killed the assassin.
Lieut. Dougherty is one of the bravest fel
lows in the cavalry service, having distinguish
ed himself in the sharp affair at Culpepper
Court-house undone other occasion. Thesix
teenth N. Y. Cavalry ie commanded by Col.
Nelson Bweetzer, and has been doing duty in
Fairfax county. This regiment formed part of
the cavalry escort on the day of the President’s
obsequies in Washington.
The body of Booth and tho assassin’s ac
complice, Harrold, were placed on board the
Ides and sent to Washington, arriving here
about one o’clock this morning.-
. [Official.]
Washington, April 27—9:20 A. M.
Maj. Gen. John A. Dix, New York:
J. Wilkoa Booth and Harrold were chased
from the swamp in St. Mary's county, Mary
land, to Garrett’s farm, near Port Royal, on
the Rappahannock, by Col. Baker’s force.
The barn in which they took refuge was fired.
Booth, in making his escape, was shot
through. the head and killed, lingering about
three hours, and Harrold was captured. Booth’s
body and Harrold are now here.
[bigned] Edwin M. Stanton,
Secretary of War.
Keep doing, always doing—remembering
that wishing, dreaming, intending, murmuring,
tasking, sighing, and repining, are ull idle and
profitless employments.
Adverse fortune and the world’s frowns may
strengthen -us. Like the earth herself we are
often most refreshed when ‘fonder a,cloud.”
Merit and modesty like the lilly and the
violet, flourish best in sequestered places; hut
ignorance and impudence, like noxious weeds,
grow rankest in exposed localities.
Hope, our guiding star, shines brightest in
the darkest hour, and peoples the gloom with
fairy form3 of its own creation.
Knowledge may slumber in the memory,
but it never dies; it is like the dormouse su
ivied tower, that sleeps while winter lasts, but
awakes with the warm breath of. spring. .
There are many trials in life which do not
Beem to come from wisdom or folly. __ They are
silver arrowß shot from the how of God and
fixed inextricably in the quivering heart.
In our old age the miud brings together the
scenes of to day and those of the long gone
time. We shut eighty years into each other
like the joints of a pockev tele.-cope.
Never be ashamed of "onfc- sing your igno
rance. for the wis-st man upon earth Is ignorant
of many thing*, inasmuch that what he Knows
U a mere nothing m comparison wrth what he
goes not know. Thorc cannot be » greater
folly than to suppose that we know every
thing.
Gen A. Bchemmelpfennig, in command of
Charleston, is of Prussian birth, and received
his military education in the Prussian school
for staff officers.