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THE MBXIC4A K.MI'IKE.
MAXIMILIANS LOAN' !!• fti'PlA'l l.l) IS LONDON.
Advices from T ri *<>
intention of opening list- in I -radon for too
new Mexican loan of £IO.OOO 6b i: sterbg.
It being a lottery loan, is: .1. ,n in I n
don would be illegal
FRENCH SPECULATION IN THE LOAN.
[Paris correspondent- . 1! • <
The Bourse, owing to 'he genera bolid » y <■>• i
JCaster Monday, was thinly attended, and ra
business was done, except in Mexican,. ■■ |
was in demand. Die success of the new ,■ -a ;
is not considered doubtful. Ihe txmMem* raj
the substantial bankers who have undorU .ot; j
to negotiate It is founded, not upon any b rat;
in the stability of the Emperor Maxim:
dynasty, but in the confidence which < ir x
perience gives them in the* gulliVT} of tc*.-
public. The attraction of tho iranenne c
terest offered is so great that banker f
tain of getting rid of their paper to -d
holders with profit to themselves. The ink
will no doubt be paid for a year or two, i
perhaps more, and when the smash cotm - l-.id*
of the bankers whose name, now dazzle radi
people will hold any of the stock.
FRENCH PACinOATION.
French official despu'-h< - from Mexico I
represent the work ol pacification n • -*■
country as everywhere *
THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
AM ENGLISH WARNING TO NAP LEON AN!) i JU
LIAN ,
[From the Loudon Times.]
The debates iu our own Parliament on t <
North American colonic; will enable 1. to
appreciate the spirit in which the French
Legislature has just di cu - he affair- in
In Mexico. The French subject, irid and, win
more embarrassing than ours. Whatever may
be eur obligations or advantage-,, we m . *iy
rate inherited the n. We *v< '■ 2 «
ia the matter, but no o ili- ;ai ■ : n iLi■
But the Canada of the F; •• *9 - ieo.-ffaenre
of their own, accomplished under (ho eye- el
the present generation. ’» toy pr.-vbied m
selves deliberately, * ? i;- .
with the liabilities wbic u ■ ,:f up *
them, and with little • : '
.return. Mexico is not ye*: F; ir olooy,
and yet if it wer ■i■ :c ‘ ' jt
bo attacked it n . m ;
arms. The French Miir 1, >• ‘ j '
policy of the imperial goyerum*!; [ ' ■ 1
question, was at the pium. o’
calumny the “accm rioif
ceived h rea
the shape of a Hen upon the
Bonorit. Wo do not two why • L -*•” i
Maximilian should not have on .re;; su e
remunorafion to his pqjrous Jiis owe pro
decessor, Juarez, offere- the vny - in ten ;
tory to President Lincoln ho £B,t!(it> u-tftk .u
--the French have rpont fi! least sou. 1'
sum in their attempt to regenerate tra <
try. As it is, France baa only Ibe 1 •••
honors of the conquest, and the yet tmd.lti i< -i
obligation of maintaining it, rolh.) > and
eentients in the French Chamber complam <*f !
the dlsingenuoushesF of the gov.; * ■ f la j
disguising the state of affairs, and its b 1 faith
in not bringing thjso affairs to an end.
Bouher, on behalf of the adminiri ration, v.ra.
succeßSlul in rebuitiug the latter . Large, and
reasonably candid in disapproving tin for
mer.
We cannot tell exactly what anticipations
were formed by the French in commencing
this enterprise, but to all impartial observers
of Mexican affairs the actual progress made by
tho French in the reconstruction of the State
must appear as great as could fairly have been
expected. It is just eighteen years at this
very time since tlie troops of the United Staten
were fighting their way up flora the Atlantic
coasttow ft oaptpjr f tb s r- v!li ~ ard front
U. ■ meat to the arri 1 ‘*r»<;h t)Uv
Co- >• • • has beau wßlr-ni vuy rorottuner.l
o< ''H, ’*« to <H«« n»rgc '
«| » of - -V ”. *2.- v
tOUdi 7 ', ill ‘X f-.' *hC no
ii x i?ro?iei‘tV4 '.iivt . oi evtji.t r
trtftbl** despoti-rn TM r- ‘ '
tfoto of espefittußbt, • 't«J «t>»* her ' ' as? ..
t,, . wVniHJ‘V i !
come necessary to abate *• ( po»f 1 •( . ub- .uce
in the interests of the ci -d v ;,i Ti.-
French took this task upon ;• : -elves, and
after sweeping away the In - fn thei- path
they introduced a sovoreiy ain >■■■ j person of
the Emperor Maximilian.
At this conjuncture, however, as in our own
debates, the contingency of n special comp i
cation unavoidably suggested itself lot discus
sion. What if the federal dr the ConIV. ? - rate
States, or both, should resent the intervention
of France, und the establishment of a mon
archy, by invading the half-settled empire, and
declaring the downfall of Maximilian ? Such
things are certainly talked about at New
York, and possibly at Richmond, and if any -
thing of the kind were really to occur lbe
liabilities of France would be fomidably in
creased. But M. Corta rather amusingly de
preciated any such alarms, and perhaps his ar
gument, though somewhat novel, may not, he
illfounded. He had lately been in Mexico,
and he had observed that in the coufttr.v b
self there was far less uneasiue r, on this ■ e
than >n Europe. The Mexicans have a von
modest opinion of the nisei v ?, and canine be
lieve that anybody would willingly «•«*
thing to do with them. They say ' and when
the Ameileans were there iu 1817 they go!
away again as soon as posflible. an-! fl i v>
Juarez tried hard the other and y to
great province to Mr. Lincoln the lTe u.ee
would not have it at any price. vie m
be something in this. At any rat ihe .Amer
ican Minister in Paris has given the !•:
government the strongest assuo.
same effect, and so M. Router rP : “e fu
ton may be contemplated v. fl . nn.
That there should, however, b.
the French Legislature a i vc■ .oie
{(olicy of this intervention, a 1 • >;;• ;o see
t terminated on almost any cm;s : ; at the
earliest possible mom, fi, is ex
ural. The truth is the Ju-\ ; ■ ■ • •)•';• 011
was never so popular in Franc; • utions
usually are. It, was not 4
army, though the campaign ' v _ ;i *" :
nor with the ojergy. them .a U’ *
In Mexico was favored : at ' '> ■
derstand how it would be cai 1- . '
ticians of a liberal scln ■>’
-were content to recoup
which prompted the c ■ g
have had no objection k>-
pensed for her pains, tucm 1
a line how the bargain >
it was sufficient tor us ?
cans, who had put t!u:r : He -
of law, had nothing to
any reorganization of th
of civilization and ord and
the world. Thou* inr . o s
been some attraction i;
would not have been
but that is no affair ot ■ u
own opinion of the m 1: t v
as good a case ngak - t - u
other nation ; but, lo k
the suit, we declined t" ;
drew. France went o:u
pire, and has spent pern;:.. *
pounds.
M. Rouher thinks t ..
Mexico for all this t! o
pngn the presumption.
richest countries In i
can call national wealth -
tainly no reason as far a: c . > ■
cerned, why Franco s’;*:c.'d
handsomely for her a
avail are even precious u:v;:
where the mines cannot ' e wo;!
duce transported from oiu : c \
said that the road from 3; x co
now actually, safe- a phcnonK
for many a year, but far more :
before the resources o; th lie
turned to fall account. Older
fore opulence, sni the-hi o
chance of establishing it. lh
■overeign, and. though he isalou h-■ a
King of the Greeks, he has brought no m
ers with him, and will, no doubt, be
dispense with those who were there be! •;> : n
If he enlists a few levies from al*. ;
strengthen his army, that is no more than :
Americans have done, m,. st, Ecu:.-.*.r di ■'■■■■ 1
ly tells us that as far as is\; <J -.V i* ;
it has not been exerted in fai l . ]
ulai faction, but rather of a l b. J, , .
tire party, freely composed. The Mexicans. 1
in < tv.rt. ran veru theinse' visas soon as thr.
■ • It : ’’ ey cra.ld neve-T have ho,
regener*' tion.
J>IX !.')MA'nC RLTiL'RE BETWEEN MAXIM.LUN AM)
HIS BROTHER
[From the London News.]
The Em . ior Maximilian Iras recalled Henor
i Mnrpl'v. hi* Minister, from Vienna, his pusl
i tion fb’ire having lieen extremely uncomforta
j (-ji,. ever since (.< notified'to Austria Maxlmil
ian’sprote-* •' 28lh December last- declaring,
; his rct-uncLdion of h;- ngn&tic rights,
j (.;d by him a* Mi.-.rrar cu 9th April, 1864, to
TItF. MIUTARV CONVENTION BETWEEN AUSTRIi AND
MEXICO.
Th-fu" : :f of (he convention concluded
on the ifftb of*October last, year between the
Emperors of Austria and Mexico for the re
cniitmeot in t-he Austrian States of volunteers
for tie yfexic * M-i vice has jußt appeared. Its
tenor rr; ■ y bes ;mm ir’sed ns followg :
1. The Andrian volunteers to be recruited
for ti a ‘h-xiein service shall hot for the pres
ent ec; mx thousand infantry and three
hundred sailors. Ttc*y may consist of persons
fulfilled their time of service and
c vittans not liable to military duty. No ex
pense shall be incurred by the Austrian
I treasury
2. Ai .*-r their six vears service in Mexico,
l six m ntlo ’ leave shall be allowed the r. cruits,
| .in which to r-tursi to Austria, or apply to the
I Aj. -'t . A, ijuihorities for leave to remain in the
country
3. States the division of the corps into in
fantry, husro; .ti l Uhlans, artillery an<J en
:gh . o'h. ii; are to ho men of good charac
! o-i. not ovo ' ■ 6liv*;:g, and professing the
j Clirislaio relig*. *n. • *
4. Bold;- -1 fiub-oflblrs of the Ansltian
I army ailov.-er: to enlistamm g the Mexican vol
| anteoTß cany r<-enkT;.that army after complet
I ing their term of service
6. A ciu; !:i number of Austrian infantry,
j jager and ei.ve.hy cadets will ho permitted so-
I enter tho Mexican service.
(j Provides for "the return of officers*.', the
A uffi ic army.
Tffch'tip'uh'.' * -' for tlmi; beimr pushed *;..
as fil, for service.
8. l)««.larcE th.ev have no claim to re-enter
it;.* Auslri hi service if the; leave Mexico In
fo ippointed six years have expired'.
0. States Unit they lose all claim upon the
Austrian gov.-wmi-nt, h* U-.-y fail io report
themselves to i*s agmts within six weeks after
qa-itiug the Mexican service
10 *l2 d’mi: L; it rc-eniois and wounds
re u> ho paid by the *.!• xicau govero
-8 ol all ; auks wh > b co le
in v,, ■ led while in its service, and that provis
ion v'.-.T.i !*•• made for their widows and chii
• 3 I I R-.-fer to the position of office.; re
tuiT'ii.p from Mexico as to pensions
1") Arms, accoutrements and ammunition
wl' : .■ . puffed by Austria to Mexico for cub** |
ifi Provides for the. subsistence of the voi
nui: crs*uoti! they leave Trieste.
17- M.-trij t!e*L pay. emoluments, grants
,4 lan-.i, Ac . to bo made by the Mexic ri gov
t-rumen't to volunfeols. of all ranks afser oxpiiy
o' their term < f service. ,
20. The stipulations of the convention apply
equally to sailors.
21 Officers and men shall take the oath of
fidelity to the Mexican colors, and acknowledge
the Emperor Maximilian as their temporary
military chief.
it h H -.pulatcd that the euiistinent shall i**,
| completed at the latest by the 15th of January.
; .18(55, and that the ratifications of the coin n
j tion shall be exchanged within four mouth?
j from its date.
i'OltSlOltl TKM j -
I A oonfibn of extraordinary size was recent'',
at •.!•> adry aLDeual. It is
o i 1 weighs twenty-tw
, ’...iOi'i-anA^es.
•and a particular iind of
■ ■ ■ r at- ; .--d io railway cattle ton k
■ ' • , » Ire oapj'iy of wato.’ tv-:.y
i>- ml in 7, but cake, coin, &c ,
■ iV. ivatioii >y the Palatine at Rome
ie mosWraport&nt ol late discoveries’ among
| the buildings o' imperial origin is a Riasffvs
| substructure, reduced to but a few courses of
j square-hewn lithard tufa, isolated by its eieva
I li .n on a quadrangular platform, referred by
Signor Ross to the Temple ot Jupiter piopug
| nator. and to all appearance an edifice of re
j publican antiquity. The last discovered wor k
j of art noticeable for high merit is a torso of u
I faun with a 'Jeopard skin th; own ove* on
! -luuuair s ..TamllyT.eated and firmly char
j act, rissed in term as io have suggested the idea
that this may be the veritable original by
l’r xilck-H, often copied, and reproduced wite
more or less variation in several -statues ola-sei i
with lb ‘in c valuable antiques of Rome’s mu
seums ■
A mmmi’ of the Servian walls, in tight
courses, at different lengths, of square hewn
stone blinks,-brought to light in works for
le\ idling the uneven space before the Quirinal
Palace-—! bis structure belonging to a buttress
that supported the slope above—is among late
discoveries to notice, lut condemned w. be
j lieve, to dew.ol.ilion lor improvement of the
j approach to tho papal residence. Ia lending
i for anew street to roach the Central Railway
j siaiion, oppofldo the Diocletian Thernm*, have
he.'-n ■ pc*, ’ several ehnmtera in the i-d ni i
! brickwork of those ruins, a more cor’i-picu.m
! ■•l'icyc-ly, and a lavg :v hall contain.!., and ,:b«.
} r:ni<’ aniico pavement; but these fl ap
j. -r. :,.iis - bare the fate of many an• qus
i•• < -i-- hi fiflfl in the course of wo; ki for
m tan [ imposes during recent wars, fl.v
or! rtnr iestroyed.
| - fluion !m- been opened at Chain -u
--'i iik ,a ! w: .nmv 'Ti- commemorative «>f the
! battles of. 0 . lnprubert,, Montmirail, Chateau
j Tahury and Vauohamps, fought on tho 10tlu
j llC), 12b. and 11th February, 1814. The
monument, r insisting of a single column, of
j the Corinth'an enter, is to be erected on the
j boun b'-v line between the two departments of
| TANARUS, Aif ne and L i Maine, n sight of Montmirail
« ;d Merchaise. on the -very snot occupied by
| N ipo’eon I, at the most, decisive moment of
| -•.*.!■ biitfle. 'The*»Emperor Napoleon 111, h-w .
' ?nb;Crl- -,d ft- • sum of 4,000 francos (£160) lor
i this monument
. curort:; intelligence regarding Maxi
nfl - -’s Mexican empire is contained in late
B B isl M xiuiili rifls Minister iu Lon
«!<•;) h.H r. -. . ibis position, declaring that
s-.'ienit <••• s .-uiluiently weighty to induce
Don !■• ret ii i tin- position could be offered, as
satisfied that, rim Mexican empire is col
lapsing, and that Maximilian will soon abdi
< .a..!, it- :•! Am-.i.s. be having been
e•) 1 1 '''Gy d>- eppoi-.i'e I •i> hi- two most impor
i mt»sqvefli • n = - tho recognition of the Uni—
-•s: •’ •- ■- and tbe Mop rt. of the Pope and
Y y 'x!e try. A- confirmatory of his report
v ii A vum'iflm contemplates soon abandon
um M- .V •• •mere;, wo have the positive ;m
--i: cnc-'iu . .hat he has ordered hfl-a rep-vs. t«
tat .; ;;i rim various European cei ls s > r|v.i
flip of his lamiA rights to the tb; n os
Au- ; ;iu. which he made jus, previous ~;.<v
• ’ '' 1 the
j throne, le “the victorious swords, of Grant
j nod have s. rtic-l tL juesiion." The
i sentiment was supported by twenty-f ■< mem-
The abolition of slavi-ry in the S’-. ’ !; was
p.'s id to c«» chub) a treaty with England for
t defence of Canada against the United
SHtes on hearing of the L»H •. t Hi hmond.
A:i Irish join n-il re-: ommeuds . largo emi
.’.tonpi po.» ' . fit ha?d*?t«iU*;g whites to
i’’■* Southern Stave when .red to the
Union
Maximilian’s affairs were in a very discour
sing state. The new Franco-Mexican loan,
>ted in
London. His new mincer- has retired from
;he Court of the Emperor of Austria and the
London Times indicates that .the Mom > rioc
■... nfort■d ag «t his
throne. ’ *.
' Vi. Oil OF HIMILI.TII- A .ID
VIS*.
ip Pre«id»-.. *if the LUitcd States.
A Pi-in J , 31 AT FOX
s, B my dire ti; actii g * ; . .n
--1 , State, iu ano ic 10 the public . n the
]7t i day -f Ap.il, rt-q : -'ed ofAhe various re
ligious r-enominatioos'to assemble on the 19th
day of A rl, r n the eccapion of the obsequies
of Abrabum Lincoln, late President of the Uni
(ed States, and to observe tbe same with ap
,pr< priate ceremonies ; and whereas our coun
try has become as one great house of mourning,
win re the head of the family has be n taken
away, and belt ving that a special period
should be a-s'gned foi again humbling ourselves
before Almighty-God, iu order that (hebereave;
ment may be sanctified to the natiou : Now,
therefore, in .rder to mitigate that gjief on
earth which can only beas.-uaged bvcommuui. n
with the Father in Heaven, and in the com
pliance with the views of Senators and Re
presentatives in Congress, communicated to me
by a resolution adopted at the Capital—
1, Andrew Johnson, President of the United
States, do appoint Thursday, May ‘2sth, next,
to b - observed wherever in the United States
the tl .g of our country may be respected, as a
day of humiliation and mourning, aud recoin
mend my fellow-citizens then to assemble in
their respective places of worship, there to
unite in solemn service to God in memory of
the good man who h-s been removed, so that
all shall he occupied at (Le game time in c no
temp! . ion of his virtues, and so row for his
sudden and violent end
In witnes .vhereof 1 have therefore set my
hand and caused the seal of the United States
to Ik . -tfived. Andrew Johnson.
April 25i-*, 18'15
FI HI (UPON UiViTKD STATES STMHURB
NI AWAKA AND 8 VCHAME YIO.
A covre-poudent of a London paper writing
from Lisboa, under date of March 28, speaks
thu ci the outrage committed by the Portu
geese authorities iu tiring upon the United
Stales steamers Niagara and Sacramento :
Th Confederate rani Stonewall arrived here
or- day afternoon, and cast anchor in front
of the old packet stairs. Shortly after the
Piul.uguese authorities went an board, and no
lid ; Capt. Page, ht*r commander, that the, vos
sel could only be allowed to remain in port
twenty four hours, a period sufficient for coal
ir.!> purposes At the time companies of
artillery men were sent to the Bugio Forts, to
St. Julian, and to Belem Tower. The Portu
gm e war-vessels were put in a state c f readi
’ and swivel guns were seat on boar ! two
of IK.m, Hie steamers Mindello and Jaques be
ing appointed to see that the law was 01-serv
nd. During Sunday and Monday crowds of
people visited the Confederate ves-el, all of
whom wore treated with great courtesy by the
Differs and crew The Stonewall is a vessel of
six hundred horse power, iron pia ed, carrying
only three guns, Armstrongs. These are of
very heavy calibre, and are called baby wakers
by the officers in a spirit of irony Her crew
number; only eighly-six men; at her bows she
lifts a very 1 rgoram. The officers of the Stone
wall state that she went inlo'Fenol a few days
ago, and found there the Sacramento and Ni
agara She was ordered by the Spanish au
thorities to sail within twenty four hours, and
(lid so, after having coaled and provisioned.—
The day after she again went into Fevrol, and
left again after being twenty-four hours in
p> at, net wishing to compromise the Spanish
authorities. Siie did not aga u return to For
... but remained outside the bar fo*- sixteen
j:• 111 making signals day aud night, but the
•;* her vessels did not come out. The Spanish
nape s also give this information. It must,
however, be t,ak'*n with reserve.
On Monday afternoon the Niagara and Sa~
iviSi): nto, Federal corvettes, whre signaled off
Lisbon Bar. md it is sahl tbe Stonewall hoisted
her bine peter ahoxii tho same time. The two
.'•orv-t-tes came up •-•.rul cast anchor near the
I>-K in Tower, and were officially warned that
hey could not sail unlil 24 hours had elapsed
aflei the leaving of tbe Stonewall The Min
dello cud the Jaquen, war steamers, were ap
poinled to wulch the proceedings of the Fed
eral ..hips, Which kept steam up, and did not
then as--end the river. The feeling of tho Por
tugue a authorities was a determination to see
tho uw fully oh erved. On shine much ex
te.hent was displayed, and the relative merits
a! she vessels were freely canvassed Admi
ral Jartorions, who is now here, is said to have
dtc'arcd that the Tone wall, with Per ironsides
and heavy cupola guns, would prove quite a
match for the two Federal corvettes, in the
evqnt of a conflict.
The Stonewall sailed about noon to-day—
j Tuesday— leaving the Niagara anti Sacramento
anchored to the west of Belem Tower, nearly
in front of the Quay and Jeronimite Convent.
Some four hours afterward the Niagara and
Sacramento weighed anchor and moved to
ward the far The commander of Belem Tow
er, who had received instructions, observing
Ibis, called the artillerymen to the guns, and
lire 1 a 12 pound shot, at the Niagara, which
sailed in'the front. She did not, however, stop,
and six more shots were fired from tire tower.
At the seventh shot, the Niagara turned round,
came back toward Lisbon, and cast anchor in
front of the old packet stairs The Sacramen
to followed and brought up near to her.
it appears that three of the balls struck the
Niagara, somewhat damaging her poop.
The Federal Captains allege that they had
no inflation of following the Stonewall, but
were about to turn round and take up other
tmebo* -.go grotiud.
The Governor of Belem Tower appears to
, • bad orders to act as he did, in case such
r-'oe. flags were taken bv the Federal ships,
but the instructions given to the commander
f i the guard ship were not the same, because
i; fla t is under the War Office and tbe ship
tu:-der Marine Department, and, unfortunately
circumlocution prevails here ae in England.
TAs affair is now affording matter for diplo
matic correspondence; but the general feel
ing is that the Portuguese Government acted
with gieat spirit, and their conduct will b«
indorsed by the public opinion of Europe
The Ram Webb. —A few days since we eta
ted that the Confederate Ham Webb, which
succeeded in running by New Orleans, had
o • r. blown up below that city, after she was
. .-ahled by the breaking of maehineiy. Here
the N ‘w York Herald’s description of the
!> -at :
Tlie van) Webb was the well known steamer
Wm H Webb, formerly used iu New York
invbor as a low boat, and as an ice breaker in
the winter, for which purpose she was specially
constructed, being of gieat strength and fitted
with powerful engines. A fe,v years before the
war she was purchased, hy some of the New
Orleans merchants for the purpose of towing
the heavily laden ships to aud from the city.
lie was noted for her power and speed When
■he ret) el lion broke out she was still at. New
Orleans, and was, of course, seized by the rebel
authorities and converted into a ram and gun
oat In the latter part of May. 1861. she
seized three vessels loaded with oil aud made
p -of til. m; but after tbe establishment of
a b;oc ade hi a Union squadron at the mouth
oi tbe file. Asippi her lit Je privateering incli
i ..ns were effectually stopped, and we hear
tl'e of her again until she attacked, withjier
ii. on, the ram Queen of tbe West, the irdn
c ad ludianola, iu the Mississippi, and, after a
fle -pei ate struggle, in which she rammed her
several limes, compelled her to surrender.
j On the passage of the Vicksburg batteries
j by our fleet tho Webb retreated, to the Red
| river, which she ascended far above Alexan
dria. where she remained until after the fail
ure of Baths' exoedition up that river, when
sue came down and prepared to ruu the block
ade with a load of cotton, or perhaps as a pri
vateer. Information of this fact reaching Ad
miral Lee s ears, Le despatched a fleet of iron
clads and gunboats to the mouth of the Red
river, to prevent her .escape Among them
were the Monitor Manhattan and the iron clad
Lafayette—the latter a vessel of some speed.
Under cover of darkness, however, the Webb
eluded the bloekaders.
The Webb was six hundred and sixty-five
tons burthen, had a draught of seven feet of
water, and her general dimensions were as fol
ic ws :— Length, one hundred and ninety-one
feet; breadth of beam, thirty-one feet; depth
of hold, twelve feet. She-was built in 1856,
and was a fine sea boat. Os her armament we
have no knowledge, but suppose it was light.
The steamer Black Diamond has been sunk
by collision in the Potomac river. Sixty sol
diers and four seamen were drowned. *
tate L)ei; lof Mi socri.— The annexed in j
‘ ... 1., regard to 1 debt of Mis- i
s u.i i.-Lcn flora th>- new provisions cf the
Constitution : ,
Suction 13 Th- ■:< dit of the State paali not
fc trlven nr loaned ;• iof any person asso
ciation or cerporatiou ; nor shall the Slate
hereafter become a stockholder iu any coipo
ration or association, except for be purpose of
securing 1 ,n ii retoior.* extended to certain
railroad corporations by the State
sc 15 The Genen.: Assembly shall have
no puv.er, for auy pu. p.,p- wuiitever, to release
the lien h'! by '.h- Soue up .u any railrcail.
Sec 16 No properly, seal or peisonai, shall
be exempt from taxation, except such as may
ne ’;sed exclusively tor pu .lie schools, ami
such as may belong to the United States, 10
this state, to counties 01 to municipal corpoia
tieu witimi this State
Be it ordained bp the People of the State of Mis
souri, in oinvention Assembled, as follows:
Sec. 1. There shall be levied anU collected
from the Pacific Railroad, the North Missouri
Railroad Gompany, ami ibe St. Louis aud Iron
Mountain Railroad Company, au annual tux of
ten per centum ot all their gross receipts for
the transportation <*f freight and passengers
(not including amount, received from and taxes
paid to the United States,) from the first ot
October, iB6O, to the first of October, 1868,
aud filteeu per centum thereafter,- which tax
shall be assessed and collected in the county of
St. Louis, iu the same maimer as other taxes
are assessed and collected, and i hall be appro
priated by the General Assembly to the pay
ment ol the principal and interest now due, or
hereafter to become *iue, upon the bonds of
♦he State, and the R.uds guaranteed by the
state, issued to the aforesaid Railroad Com-
panies 1
Sec. 2 A like tax of fifteen per centum shall be
assessed and collected from the Hannibal and
St Joseph Railroad Company, and from the
Platte County Railroad Company, whenever
default is made by said companies, or cither
of them, in the payment of the interest or
principal ol the bo&ds of the State, or the
bonds guaranteed by the State, issued to said
companies, respectively, which tax shall be as
sessed and collected in such manner as the
General Assembly may by law direct, and shall
be applied for the payment of principal and
interest of said bonds » tbe same may bee* me
due and payable.
See. 3. The tax iu ih's ordinance specified
shall be collected from each company herin
before named only foi the payment of the
principal aud interest of the bonds, for the
payment oi which such company shall be iia
ble, and whenever such bonds and interest
shall bavt b; eu fully paid, no further tax shall
be collected from s.ich company, but nothing
_shall be received by the State in discharge of
any amounts due upr'm'said bonds except cash
or other bonds or obligations of this State
Sec 4 .Should eitherraf said companies re
fuse or neglect to pay such tax, as herein re
quired, and the interest or principal of any of
sai l bonds or any part thereto, remain due and
unpaid, the Genera! A semtily shall provide
by law, tor the sale of the railroad and
other property, and the franchises of the com
pany that shall be thus in default, under the
lien reserved to the State, and shall appropri
ate the proceeds of such sale to the payment of
the amount r< mrining due and unpaid from
•said company.
Sec 5 Whenever the .State shall become
the purchaser of any railroad or other prope ty
o tli ; franchises, sold as bereiubefoie provid
ed for, the General Assembly shall provide, by
law, in what manner the same shall be gold,
for the payment of the indebtedness of the
railroad company iu default ; but no railroad
or other property, or franchises purchased by
the State, sha.l he restored to any such com
pany, until if shall have first paid in money,
or in Missouri State Bonds, or in bonds guar
anteed by this State, all interest due from said
company ; aud all interest thereafter accruing
shall be paid semi-annually, in advance; aud
uo sale or other-disposition of any such rail
road or other prop-city, or the franchises, shall
be made without reserving a lien upon all the
property and franchises thus sold or disposed
of, for all sums remaining unpaid ; and all pay
ments therefor shall be made in monev, or in
thnbondß ot other obligations of this State.
Sec 6 The General Assembly shall provide,
by law, for the payment of all State indebted
ness not herein before provided for, and for
this purpose a tax of one- quarter of one per
centum on all real estate, and other properly
and effects subjected to taxation, shall be as
sessed and collected, and shall be appropriated
for the payment of all such indebtedness that
may have matured, aud the surplus, if any,
shall be set apart as a sinking fluid for . the
payment ot tho oblig itions of tho State that
may hereafter become due, and for no other
pui pose whatsoever.
Sec 7. At the election to be held ou the 6th
day ol June. 1865, for the purpose of ascer
taining the sense of the people iu regard to
the adoption or rejection of the constitution
adopted by this e invention, the question of the
adoption or rejection of this ordinance shall he
submit ted to the voters of this State, who shall
be qualified as voters under the .provisions of
article Id .>t said constitution, and shall take
the oailiin said article presented; and the
vote of ; uch election shall be taken, and re
turu% thereof made at the same time, under
the same restrictions, and in the same manner
as in said article is provided for the vote upon
the question iff the :<d ption or rejection of
said constitution the election herein provi
ded for shall be by ballot. Those ballots in
favor of tbit ordinance shall have written or
printed thereon the words, “Shall the ra lroads
pay thtir bonds ? Yes.’’ Those opposed to this
ordinance shall have written or printed there
on the words, “Shall the railroads pay their
bonds? No.’’ If tho majority of tbe votes
cast at such ele tion shall be in favor of this
ordinance, the same shall be valid, and have
full force and effect, as a part of tho constitu
tion of this State, whether the now constitu
tion adopted hy this convention be adopted or
rejected.
If a majority of votes shall be against this
ordinance, it shall have no validity or force
vv hatever.
The Governor of this State shall hy procla
mation make known she result of the election
herein provided for.
Adopted in Convention, April 10,1865.
Arnold Krekel, President.
Amos P. Foster, Secretary.
Guerillas in Virginia. —The annexed order
in relation to guerillas lias been issued in the
Peninsula. District, Virginia :
Headquarters Peninsula District, I
Richmond, Va. j
Iu virtue of special (Inters iiom Headquar
ters of the Department, 1 have assumed com
mand of the Peninsula District composing the
-ounties immediately North of the James Riv
er.
I take it for granted that the surrender of
Gen Lee's army viriutillv includes aH Virgin
ia troops whose organiz it ion has beeu part of
said army, although their duties have been in
a separate distiict.
Companies ol .-itch troops are still kuowu to
be stationed in the counties mentioned as be
longing to this district. Officers and men in
these organizations are directed to surrender
themselves as prisoners of war and" be paroled,
that they may return to their homes and give
their assistance in (•tablishing order and peace
in their immediate neighborhoods.
If is my intention to establish detached posts
throughout this district purely for the protec
tion of the citizens of the couutiy from the il
legitimate bands of armed men and marauder
of every description.
Citizens are requested to give their aid to
this end, by supplying information which may
lead to the arrest of act persons who may com
mit depredations of any kind.
All men who have belonged to any organ
ized company of Confederate ttoops, included in
the surrender of Gen. Lee’s army, or otherwise,
who have returned to their homes, are request
ed to register their names at the posts estab -
lished in their vicinity.
Those men whose experience in war renders
peace m -a dear, are requested to give every
assistant, to thejrecognized forces of the Uni
ted States Government in their endeavors to
render properly secure, and lives safe from
attacks of men who take advantage of tho
present state of affairs for th? purpose of pri
vate gain or private revenge.
B. C. Ludlow, '
Brevet Brigadier-General Commanding. '
IHI-. ABMIBU E-THF FF.KL.IAK IA WaSll
ti>' ' ‘
[From tilt- N V k Herald]
Memorandum <fj Agreement Between General
Sherman and General Johnston.
Washington, April 22. 1865.
As report* have been in circulation lor some
time of a correspondence betw. en Generals
Johnston and Shermau, the memorandum or
basis of what was agreed between
these two Generals and die'result is as follows:
• memorandum.
Memorandum r ba< 1 -of agieemeni, made
this eighteenth day of-April, A D. 1865. near
Duubani’s station, and in the .Stale of North
Caroline, by ana between G n -rui Joseph E.
Johnston," commanding the Cortftde ate army,
and Major General William T ‘Sherman, com
manding the ar uy oi (he United States iu N.
Carolina ; both pr sent :
Fiist—Tbe commanding armies now in the
field to maintain their statuguo unlit notice is
given by the commanding General of either
one to its opponent, and reasonable time, say
forty-eight hours, allowed
Second—The Confederate armies now in ex
is tenets to be disbanded and conducted to their
several States capitals ; ther to deposit their
arms aud public property in the State a senal,
and ea ;h officer aud man to execute aud fi e
au agreement to cease from acts of war and
abide the action of both State and federal au
thorities The number of arms .aud munitions
of war to b * reported to the Chief of Ordnance
at Washington city, subject to future action of
the Congress of the United States, and iu the
meantime to be used solely to maintain peace
and order within the borders ol ibe States res
pectively.
Third —T ue recognition by the Executive I
of the United Sta es of several State govern
ments, on their officers aid Legislatures taking
the oath prescribed by ’he constitution of the
United States, and where conflicting State
governments have resulted from the war, the
legitimacy of nil shall be submitted to the Su
preme Court of the United States
Fourth. —The re-establishment of all fed
cril courts in the several States wilh powers
a? defined by the constitution aud laws of Con
gnss.
fifth —The people and inhabitants of all
States to be guarani, ed, so far as the Execu
tive can, their political rights and franchise, as
well as their rights of person and property, us
defined by the constitution of the United
Stares and States lespectivMy.
Sixth. —The executive authority of the gov
eminent of the United States not to disturb
any ot the people by reason of the Me war so
long as they live in peace and quiet, abstain
from acts of armed hostility, and obey laws in
existence at any place of their residence
Seventh.—lu general terms war to cease, a
general amnesty, so far as the executive pow
er of the United States can command, or on
condition of disbandment of the Coufede
rate armies, and the distribution of arms and
resumption of peaceful pursuits by officers and
men as hitherto composing the said armies, not
being fully empowered by our respective pi in
eipais to fulfil these terms,we individually and
officially pledge ourselves to promptly obtain
necessary authority and to carry out the above
programme. W. T Sherman,
Major General.
Commanding the Army of the United States in
North Carolina.
J. E. Johnston, General.
Commanding Confederate States Army in North
Carolina. •
This proceeding of General Sherman was un
approved, for the following, among other
reasons:—
First—lt was an exe.cise of authority uot
vested iu Gen. Sherman, and on its face shows
that both be and Johnston knew that he (Gen
eral Sherman) had no authority to enter into
any such arrangement.
Second--It was a practical acknowledg
ment of the rebel government.
Third—lt undertook to re-establish Ibe rebel
State governments, that had been overthrown
at the sacrifice of many thousand loyal lives
and an immense treasure, and placed arms and
munitions of war in the hands of the rebels at
their respective capitols, which might be used
as woon as the armies of the States
were disbanded, and usi and to conquer and sub
due the loyal States.
Fourth—By the lestoration of the rebel
authority in their respective States, they would
be enabled to re-establish slavery.
Fifth—lt might furnish aground of responsi
bility by tho foderal government to pay the
rebel debt, and certainly subjects loyal edit
zeus ol the rebel States to the debt consum
mated by the rebels in the name of the State.
Sixth -It puts in dispute the existence of loy
al State governments and the now State o!
Western Virginia, which had been recognized
by every department of (he United States gov
ernment.
Seventh—lt practically abolished tho confis
cation laws, aud relieved rebels ol every de
gree who had slaughtered our people from all
pains and penalties for their crimes.
Eighth—lt gave terms that hud been delib
erately, repeatedly and solemnly rejected by
President Lincoln, and better terms than the
rebels had ever asked in their most prosperous
condition.
Ninth—lt formed no basis of tiuo and last
ing peace, but relieved rebels from the pres
sure of our victories and lelt them in condition
to renew their effort t> overthrow the United
States government, and subdue the loyal States,
whenever their strength was recruited and any
opportunity should offer.
Tiie Arrest of the Man wno Attempted to
Assassinate Secretary Seward. —A Washing
ton dispatch of April 19, says:
The party wlio committed tbe murderous
assault on Secretary Seward has been appre
hended, and is now in custody. He was caught
about three o’clock this morning about to enter
the house of Mr. Surratt, in the little village
of Uniontown, in the District of Columbia, a
short distance from tbe Navy Yard bridge.
This house has beeu close y watched ever since
Friday night.
The individual was bareheaded, clad as a
laborer, and had a pijkaxe on his shoulder.
His clothing and hands and face were covered
with mud, evidently to conceal his identity.
After his arrest the mud was washed off, and
he- appeared a very different iodividual.from
what he did before. He and two other men
were then taken to the house of Secretary
Seward, aud confronted with those who were
in attendance upon the Secretary oil the night
of (he attempted assassination, ad of whom in
stantly selected this man as the author of the
foul and muiderous assault. He is now in
charge of Colonel Ingiabam, Provost Marshal.
Auother dispatch gives the annexed account
of the affair :
A man disguised as a laborer, and carrying
a pick on Lis shoulder, apj roached the house
occupied bj the family of Sunatt, in this city,
and was about to enter, when he was arrested,
and, upon washing the dirt Pom hi3 face, he
proved to be qu.tea different person from what
his appearance indicated. lie call-. 1 himself
Pay ne, and exhibited not a little embarrass -
ment. H managed lo ask, in agitated tones,
why he was am-sted.
The colored servant of Aecretary Seward
was sent for, when he exclaimed immediately,
‘ ‘That’s the man! I know him by -his general
appearance and his mouth.” The servant
then said there could be no mistake.
Others in Secretary Seward’s house at the
time, who probably have a recollectiou of Sur
ratt’s appearance, will be afforded an oppor
tunity to recognize him.
The man arrested is believed to be Surratt,
who perpetrated the dreadful acts at Secietary
Sewardoj house on Friday.
A third despatch from Washington reads
thus:
It was stated ia a former despatch that the
person arrested as the party who attempted to
take the life of the Secretary of Slate was
supposed to be Surratt; but there is reason to
believe that the desperado is no other than
Thomas, the so-called French lady, who, it will
be remembered, cap ured the steamer St,
Nicholas, in 1861, and was subsequently ap -
prehended, tried, convicted and sentenced to
the penitentiary, from which by some means
he was released.
»
ffc is said that the rush of Richmondite3 to
tane the oath of allegiance to the government
is now so great that it is difficult to meet the I
demand for the necessary blank forms. '
VIStroFS U»HRitA itVvFUUKICg TO I’HUt-l-
I) A T .1 -HASOA.
A : ■ ui;h c. Magees tin*
insurree: ; -.n*iry States at present iu Wash
ingtoo calhd upon President Johnson, April
24. and th ough Judge Underwood piesented
him an address.
ADDRESS TO THK PRESIDENT.
As soon as all whom th * room would no
commodate had intend, Judge Underwood,
of Virginia stepped forward and said:-
Mr. President—The gentlemen who come
with me to pay their respects to the Chief Mag
istrate of the nation are for the most part ex
iles from the South -exiles for their devotion
to be Union and the constitution, iu defiance of
threats and ;.ei seen tion of the slavebolding ar
letocra y. Your recent utterances have s'irred
tmr spirits like the sound of a trumpet, ami
encouraged the hope that we may ere long in
safety visit our desolated farms,and rebuild our
houses in the sunny South. We have no feel
ings but those of kindness for the commou
people of our section- -even for those who. by
physic al or moral compulsion, or by gross
deception, have been arrayed in arms agaiu-t
the government. We would not say, with
Joshua of old, “Every one who rebels shall
be piu U> death but woe to the wicked lead
ers who, though baffled, are neither bumbled
nor subdued ; whose arrogance and treason
are as dangerous to us and to the country as
ever. We thank you for declaring that these
great crimuala must be punished.
The Great Author of nature aud providence
decrees that those who sow the wind shall reap
the whirlwind. We know (hat we cannot go
home in safety while traitors, whose hands are
still dripping with the warm blood of ouc
martyred brothers, remain defiant and unpun
ished. It is folly to give sugar plums l > tigers
aud hyenas. It is more than.folly to talk of
clemency aud mercy to these worse than Cara
lines, for clemency and mercy to them is ent
city and murder to the innocent and unborn
If General Jackson had punished the treason
of Calhoun we should not have witnessed this
rebellion. If the guilty leaders of this rebel
lion shall be properly punished our children’s
children will not be compelled to look upon
another like it for generations. By the blood
of our martyred President, by tbe agonies of
our starved and mutilated prisoner.-, by the
tens of thousands slain iu battle, and desola
tions of home and country, and «ll the waste
of life aud treasure for the last four years,
with no feelings ot* revenge,.but in sincercst
sorrow, we pray that your administration may
be both a terror to evil doers and a psotection
to all who pursue the paths of peace. Aud
while we mourn and lament our great aud
good and murdered chief, too kind aud too in
dulgent, we fear, for these stormy times, we
thauk God for the belief that, knowing tho
character of the leaders ot the rebellion as you
do, you will so deal with them Rat our whole
country will be an asylum lor the oopretised
of every creed and every clime—the home 01
peace, freedom, industry, education and relig
ion a light and an example to the nations of
the whole earth, down a long, bright and
beneficent future.
THE PRESIDENT’S REPLY.
The President then made the following re
ply :
It is hardly necessary for me on this occasion
to say that my sympathies and impulses ia
connection with Ibis nefarious rebellion beat
in unison with yours. Those who have passed
through this bitter ordeal, and who participa
ted in it to a gieat extent, ave more compe
tent, as I think, to judge and determine the
true policy which should be pursued. I have
but little to say on this question in response to
what has been said. It enunciates and ex
presses my own feelings to the fullest extent ;
and in much better language than I can at the
present moment summon to my aid. The
most that I can say is that, entering upon thu
duties that have devolved upon me under cir
cumstances that are perilous and responsible,
and being thrown into the position I now oc -
cupy unexpectedly, in consequence of the sad
event, the hoinou3 assassination which has
taken place—in view of'all that is before me
and the circumstances that surround me—J
cannot but feel that your encouragement and
kindness are peculiarly acceptable and appro
priate. Ido not think you, who have been
familiar with my course—you who are from
the South —deem it necessary for me to make
any professions as to the future on this occa
sion, nor to express what my course will be
upon questions that may arise. If my past
liio is no indication of what my future will
be, uiy professions were both- worthless anil
empty; and in returning you my sincere
thanks dor this encouragement anc. sympathy,
I can only reiterate what I have said belore,
and, in part, what has just been read. As far
as clemency and mercy are concerned, and the
proper exercise o*f the pardoning power, I
think I understand the nature and character
of the latter. Iu the exeicisoof clemency and
mercy that pardoning power should be ex
ereised with caution.
I do not give utterance to my opinions on
this point in aay spirit of revenge or unkind
feelings. Mercy and clemency have been pret
ty large ingredients in my compound, having
been the Executive of a State, aud thereby
placed in a position in which it was (necessary
to exercise clemency and mercy. I have been
charged with going too far, being too lenient,
and have become satisfied that mercy without
justice is a crime, and that when mer<’-y and
clemency are exercised by the Executive it
should always be done in view of justice, and
in that manner alone is properly exercised
that great prerogative. The time has come, as
you who have had to drink this bitter cup are
fully aware, when the American people should
be made to understand the true nature of
crime—of crime generally. Our people have a
high understanding as well as of the necessity
for it3 punishment; but in tbe catalogue of
crimes there is one, and that tho highest
known lo the law and the constitution of
which, since tho days of Jefferson and Aaron
Burr, they have become oblivious. That is
—treason. Indeed, one who has become dis
tinguished in treason, and in this rebellion
said that •“when traitors become numerous
enough treason becomes respectable, and to
become a traitor was # to constitute a portion of
the aristocracy of tho country.’’ God protect
the people against such an aristocracy. Yes,
the time has come when the people should be
taught to understand the length aud bread!!),
the depth and height oi treason. An iudivi
dual occupying the highest position among us
was lifted to lhat position by tii; free offering
of tha American people—Lhe highest position
on the habitable globe This man we have
seen, revered and loved, one who, if ho erred
at all, erred ever on the side of clemency and
mercy That man wc have seen tn|ason strike,
thiough a fitting instrument, auu we have be
held him fall like a bright star falling from its
sphere.
No v, there is none but would say, If the
question came up, what should be dene with
the individual who assassinated the Chief Mag
istrate of the nation—he is but a man—one
man, after all; but if asked what should be
done with the assassin, what should be the pen
afly, the forfeit exacted? I know what re
sponse dwells in every b som. It is, that he
should pay the forfeit with Ins life. And hence
we see there are times when mercy and clem
ency, without justice, become a crime, ine
one should temper the other, and bring about
that proper mean. And if we would say this
when the case was the simple murder of one
man by his fellow man, what should we say
when asked what shall be done with him or
them or those who have raised impious hands
to take away the life of a nation composed of
thirtv millions of people ? What would be the
r, ply to th it question ? But \vh le in mercy
we remember justice, in the language that has
been uttered 1 say, justice towards the leaders,
the conscious leaders; but I also say amnesty,
conciliation, clemency and mercy to the thou
sands of our countrymen whom you and I
know have been deceived or driven into this
i teinai rebellion. And so I return to where
1 started from, and again repeat, that it is time
our people were taught to know that treason Is
a crime, not a mere political difference, not a
mere contest between two parties, in which
one succeeded and the other has simply failed.
They must know it is treason ; for if they had
succeeded the life of the nation would have
been rest from it—the Union would have been
destroyed. Surely the constitution sufficiently
defines treason. It consists in levying war
against the United States, and in giving their
enemies aid and comfort.
With this definition it requires-the exercise
of no greatacumen to ascertain who are trai
!° * 1 4 t ' >‘ h* fell
*« •* ' ’vie.l ■•' ir ■ >:t '. u q*,.d
81k*. -; ih,; does If uq-i’-‘. great stretch
| '-y " r ■ ivt'i, id - •
' 1 and «he 1
| tl** 5 .no U <] states <i,.. s Ui .
cerfaii ai t -. .. and h t*.
j traitors, th ; ri forfeit sb ,and be
: '*• **" cci’ft tin* comiiiion
iof b h irn ~ , ; ie ] ( ~. bym .
, !»mh‘Z-;w h ' wm-; ,11 has been taken
turn i ’ ’ ll in: wh ) ha; been denied the
■ birth. But let us.
withal, in Ice to-;* -lanon of ;me government,
prooe*-d tom* >•• *:v aui spassionately, and
hope and pray tffu th-' time will come, as I
bi-'Mevo. ■- v 1 • *• and remain at out
i ors be driven from
our lan . -wm-n ..gain law aud order filial:
r.'ign, and the banner of our country be im
u’i and or >r inch of territory within 111 •
.*.". ot fho United Hiates. la conclusion, !<t
-jtt” thank you mis' profoundly for this
c'UHmhc ,—it and mauil'estation of jour rega ri
and respect, and assure you that I can give no
greater assurance regarding the settlement . 1
this question tlqjn that I intend to discha* .-
my duty,'and in that way which shall, in it.
earliest cos ;b 0 hour, bring hack peace to . m
distrac-M-d counl:y. Aral 1 hope the time a.
not far distant worn our people can all ret u *
to their homes ud firesides and resume 1)1, r
various avoca' ions
A A t:ilBH VS nv OF rtßC:i.\BrilUCTli»\.
SI.AVEKY AT THE Si I'll TO GIVE PLACE TO Tilt 1. V
BHR OF FREE EMIGRANTS.
[From Die Northern (Belfast) Whig ]
The public writers and sneakers who t u: ’
flu* I st (hive years and a half have ouup-L
UivUitelvcH in demonstrating that the Non
could never conquer the South me in
busied with a very and ii rent au 1 not altog>*fh
cons;..lent p- • hhni T**:*v establish. *o th,
own moment;*, y sttsfuffion, that theSonil .
ot whose-ultir-* \<e ‘.sniqiigution” .hey tcmi.
\.ntuve to hint ' and -tile-can never be h* Id a *
admini-b red ns p ivt o* a free repuh'ic !.
will b.*, th**y u* e, the Poland or He
gury -on the coutincut they are souDhinri ..*
to say the Ireland of America. It the nurii
of these doleful passages had ever been i'r'a
in a sipgie point, arising out, of the rein 111 hi
ii ft. y bad not: blundred from first to last »q nq,
the le'ii-mn proffiem—we should ei,tf»t» 7
gn liter iout! linn it : s possible for us i.< •/
to fee* in thei-"political vaticinations. Outre v
element of th • great tliotne they have go •<
v ildly iratray. The itndeistand neithei i
mao-rial streugi q nor the uural etiara toi <>i
tin* N ft. ..’r. .! 1 Sou; hem populations, nor ilu*
social organizations which are dviided in
each other by Mason and Dixon's line. 'Hi *
ignorance - including a’tbta! indifference to 1 .
fuels of Amevicaa history and biography—vi-s
aten their‘ psffUKat prognostications as c >u
pleteiy as it has reversed their military prop: -
cies.
Tb ir fundamental error lies in sup; oain'r
lhat the federal government will have to t
in peace, mainly, if no! exclusively, with fl
people whom tiiey have beeu combating In
war. This is not the case. Even it we fl.i K
solely to the present population of the Sou)! ,
wo musi distinguish between the armies of iff:
confederacy and <ha bulk ol iv i;.habitants. -
The great siav::owners of the fcioufh—the ten ..r
twelve thousand men for whose interests .I
at whoso instigation th yat began —will be im
poverisfc- and-. 1 di: credited. Their ascend -i ■
will be forever overthrown The clans m
“poor whites,’’ fly whose docile suffrages, ab
ed hy the three fifths vote, they maintain !
their political influence, lias been thinned t>v
the war ; and ihe.-e of them whom disease n->-;
the sword have spared have been taught s> la
-as lo the guidance which they so blff.di- •
followed. The elements of disaffection In.v-i
been, To a very great degree, burned out by thu
war. The ( lass which remains—morally strc i 1;
er than it ever was before, and proportionally
far more numerous—never had any quart, i
with the Lee States, and is now, so far as can
be judged, ill- affected to .tire Union.
But even if tho entire population of tho South
were animated by the bitterest hostility to their
Northern fellow citizens and to tho federal go v
ernmont, and tfansmitted this feeling to die
next generation, lhe difficulties conjured nj> in
tho way of peaceful reimiun, on the bash of
equal rights ami frep institutions, would h. by
no means Insnpo! lhle. It has often been six ivn
that the direct descendants of the America*>
of the revolutionary peri»d form an exceeding
]y small element in the present population t-f
the United States. That consists chiefly • f
emigrants an I tho descendants of em'giunoj.
from Em om , v, h ose com sc haß been direct*-
exclusively to ti e States of the North and
Northwest. Tin; moral plague of slavery hr.-
kept fre industry out ide the regions which ry.e
cursed by human bondage The South is r<i <
larg-.iy on unoccupied territory. Land < ,
cultivated t- now waste and deserted L t i
which els where would have been reel an l
generation;) ago is still virgin forest. In V v
giuia, the free population numbers only fil'fl i u
persons to me squa-e rhilp In the adjoining
free States of the Atlantic coast, in themsilvt.
far less inviting to settlers, the population #
over an equal an a,- is eighty-two persons i.x
the square mile Slavery, and slavery ale :n ,
has made this difference It has defrauded net,
merelv the negre of his birthright, but the su
■ perabundant populations of Europe of a land
of unequalled promise. Tha wrong done by it
to millions of the Old World is only less tflao
that inflicted on the bondsmen of the New.
When once it is removed and peace is re
stored, there will be a rush ot emigrants from
Europe and the Northern States to the South
Anew population will arise, which not only
will have no quarrel with the North and Union,
but will owe everything to them; and which,
together with its descendants, will in i li.
couiso of a generation form the great bulk « I
tho population of the South. In this human
deluge, the relics of the older society will t*e
submerged and lost. A Homestead act for the
South would bring to Virginia the prosperity
of New Y• k and enable Florida and Alabam ;
to count av. dth aud men with Ohio and llii
note. Th offo.i 1 hi. there will bo no need of
confi.-cation.. In the unreclaimed or abandoned
soil of the lave Si:*.ti:B there are farms for mil
lions of freemen By small grants of land to
tbe landless whites, who are, or were, the
strength of the rebellion and tho hope of those
who Ci uat on future disaffection and trouble*,
they may probably be converted into peaceful
and industrious citizens, thua helping to con
firm the new o: h r eu the basis of the old one,
in the ov ’now of which they have been
blind instrui)' :n s
The beg'; -i- oi a tropical climate need n. t
weigh much w ii in this forecasting the fu
ture. No part of tba United States is with:u
the tropics ; and Texas, the State which most
nearly approaches them, is the seat of German
settlers, ernp'uyi and iu that foim of industry—
the cultivation of cotton—in which we are
asked to believe ttat ho European can engage
ami live. Jn-tbh ia dance, and iu a’most every
other, the facts which are alleged to disprove
the possibility of tho reconstruction of the
Union on the basis of a ho nogeneous eepiety.
North and South, have no existence out of the
imaginations of those whose wishes shape their
thoughts
Tas Stability or ora Government. — Hga.
H. McCulloch, the Secretary ot the Treasury,
shortly alter the deaLh of President Lincoln
wrote tho annexed letter to a gentleman in N.
York city :
Washington, April 16, 1865.
My Dear Sir:— You will perceive that the
new administration is inaugurated, and the
wheels of government are not stopped for a
moment. My hope Is, and my belief is, that
this great national ca'amity will teach to the
world a lesson which will be of the most bene
fical character to our republican form of gov
ernment ; that it will show that the assassina
of our Chief Magistrate does not affect in the
slightest degree the permanence of our insti
tutions or the regular administration of the
law ; that an event which would have shaken
any other country to the centre does not even
stagger for a moment a government like ours.
Very truly, yours, H. McCulloch.
Canadian View of .ouit Neutrahtt.— The
authorities at Washington have been guilty of
a serious breach of international comity iu
giving a place to the Fenians in the funeral
procession programme prepared at the War
Department. Such a quasi acknowledgment
of a body organized ostensibly in opposition
to Great Britain is one which requires expla
nation, and we*lo not doubt that "Sir Frederick
Bruce will be authorized to demand it.
[l mn(Q Deader.