Newspaper Page Text
N S. MORSE.
tv
THK MtW «OLI> ftOTftg.
Ibn Mccretary of tho Treasury has availed
of the provisions of the Act of Uon
groM? oi March 31, 1 «*«»:», authorizing kirn to
issue certificated of deposit In denominations of
not less than S2O for gold and buillion piid
into public treasury. The Act lequires that
the gold i-hall he retained in tho Treasury for
the payment of the notes issued ou deposit. It
also authorizes him to issue certificates rep
resenting the specie in the public Treasury, to
pay tho interest on tho public debt, the
amount of which sh:.t! not exceed twenty j>e r
oent of tho coin on hand, and which shall be
receivable for duties on iwipoits. The new
notes thus authorized have already appeared,
ami ar« known as “ Gahl Back Certificates.”
They uie handsomely executed and seem to
defy counterfeiting, being printed in gold let
tors by a process known only to the Treasury
Department.
Thin action of the Secretary of the Treasury
has scarcely received the attention which it
deserves. There can be little doubt that it is
the initiation of a [dan for anew specie cur
rency. A supplemental act may authorize him
to issue notes of smaller denominations for
general circulation, and thus gradually with
draw tho present greenback and fractional cur
rency. But iu any case the plan is a good one.
It urobilin* the large amount of coin in the
public Treasury, amounting on the 30th of
.September last to $15,500,000, and renders it
available for business purposes.
Heretofore ft has been a standing evil that
the accumulation of coin in tho Sub Treasury
tended to embarrass the mercantile communi
ty. The iuoouftmience may now he obviated.
The large amount at present on hand may be
made instrumental in diminishing instead of
increasing the pries of gold, and thus prevent
a needless depreciation of the greenback cuf
loney. The new notes will bo eagerly sought
lor; and people will prefer them to coin, for
which they will answer the same purposes ex
cept for foreign exchange. As they possess the
ad vantage of undoubted security, they will not
he offered for payment, and thus a largo ac
cumulation of specie may bo effected by tho
Government without any prejudice to tho busi
ness inteiosts of the country. The only draw
back in, tlmt it may deplete the Treasury in
case of excessive importations, for the settle
ment of foreign balauoes. But this will be
only a temporary inconvenience, as the exports
and imports are moro nearly equal under a
natural operation of the luws of trado than
are generally supposed.
The plan of mobilizing the specie in the
hands of the Government by issuing ceitifi
eates based on actual deposits is uow. The
Batik of Amsterdam ....a TUnk of Venice
the flint in the world, adopted it for many
yeuis, with the irn'St favorablo results. In
this country its adoption was urged during the
esrly part of Mr. Buchanan’s administration,
as a menus of utilizing the Immense amount
of specie for the benefit of the public. But it
fell through, iu consequence of the opposition
shown t.e incisure. its adoption at the pres
ent time will tend, we think, to strengthen (lie
Government, by the accumulation of coin,
and thus facilitate the returu to specie pay
incuts. I’ersons who uow hoard treasure will
prefer to place it beyond the reach of robbers
in tbo strong vaults of the Government, and it
is probable that the measure has inaugurated
will survive most of the features of tbo present
financial system, besides preparing the way
for a better one.
Interview Between Mr. Davis and John
Mitchell. —The Fortress Monroe correspon
dent of the Now York Herald reports the con
versation between John Mitchell and Mr.
Davis on the departure of the former from the
prisou. “1 have come to bid yon good bye,”
said Mr. Mitchell to Mr. Davis, extending his
to the Utter, who grasped it warmly and
firmly and held it in his during the brief inter
view between them. “The pleasing nows of your
restoration to liberty has already been told
me,” replied Mr. Davis, ‘‘and 1 congratulate
you, now that you are a free citizen of the
world again.” “I hope I shall soon have the
pleasure of similarly congratulating you,” re
sponded Mr. Mitchell. “I bide my time cheer
fully and hopefully,” said Mr. Davis. ‘-Have
you any commands for me,” asked Mr Mitch
ell ; ‘‘any service that I cau do for you ?” “1
only ask to continue you on my list of friends
who are doing all they can for me,” was the
reply. “Be assured of my unfailing
lion in your Said Mr. Mitchell. “1
iw?k uothing more,” said Mr. Davis. ‘‘Shall I
write your wife anything?” Mr. Mitchell fur
ther atfkod. "It might be a pleasure to her,
althougu you know I aw allowed pretty ex
tended freedom now iu writing her. Yes, yes.
write her,” responded Mr. Davis. This end
ermvorsatiou. Each bade the other
a good by,” uuclasped hands, and parted.
Jhk United Status Navy.— Since the end
ot the wftr the Navy Department has exhibi
ted great activity iu fitting out vessels for
service iu foreign waters. -In the Mediter
ranean we have now six vessels, carrying in all
seventy three guus Besides these are four
now fitting out aud almost ready, with an ag
gregate of forty-seven gims. There are iu the
Brazilian squadrou six vessels, carrying
guns in all, and there are one or two vessels
nearly ready to start. The East Indian squad
ron is composed of three vessels and thirty
seven guns. We are represented iu the waters
of the Pacific by twenty vessels and two huu
ami and twenty guns. On the Atlantic coast
we have seven \cssels, with an aggregate of
sixty three guns, besides several light-draft
steamers for navigating shallow rivers. In the
Gnlf squadrou there are thirteen vessels, c irrv
ing, in all niuety-six guns. In the Mississippi
we have six vessels, besides a number of iron
clads at Mound City, 111. There are eleven
vessels belonging to the practice squadron at
Aunapolis, Md , aud twenty two vessels that
are used as transports, receiving ships, and in
other duties. Ihe total number ot vessels
actually in service st present, is one huudred
and one. The total number of guns is one
thousand one hundred aud fifteen, which
gives an average of eleven guns to each vessel
The Fkrian Movement. —The Fenian move
ment in thia country is quietly and systemati
cally assuming a great importance. From a
somewhat feeble beginning, consisting of a
‘ center” in New York and some few through
the Wee 1 , organization has been extended
throughout the Uuiuu and now contains gieat
uumLers of all classes aud conditions in every
Northern State. The first C’jrgress was held
at Chicago in 1863, at which but few * cen
ters were represent and. but the plan for a vig
orous pi osecu don of the ends of the Brother
hood and the enlistment of the aid of the Irish-
Atoericau element for its success was Iben
adopted.
Tb s Congress, at Philadelphia, showed this
rap'd increase in numbers and influence in a
marked degree. The whole number of “cen
ters" is said, try an Irieh paper, to be two
thousand, containing a vast number of men-
The sessions of this Congress have been secret,
but the general acts Lave been officially pro
mulgated, aud show that the delegates have
gone soberly and earnestly so work to erect
the superstructure of the new nation whoso
form latious are yet to ho laid. They have
now got a constitution modeled after that of
the United States, a President—Colonel John
O Mahoney—military, naval and financial
bureaus, with their Secretaries, and a legisla*
live body or two houses. They have recognized
the Irish Republic, and thus duly christened
the embryo government.
Tiro Executive officer of the Fenian Broth
er hood has engaged a spacious mansion in the
upper part of New York city as headquarters.
'1 be President and different bureaus will move
into it soon. The Express says the present
organization :s not intended for the govern
ment of tho future Irish Republic, but only to
aid the Irish patriot in their struggle for in
dependence, by arms money, <fcc.
The fright of England in regard to the
Fenian movement seems to have extended
over to Canada, wlrero Fenian plots are said
to have been discovered by which that colony
was (o be snatched from England and trans
formed into an Irish State, under tho protec
tive alliance of tho United States. Some of
the uneasy spirits in Canada have seized the
opportunity to press the separation question,
ur.d luge that the mother country break the
tie which brings so many dangers without the
necessary influence to counter act them.
The Southern Cotton Loan in England.—A
meeting of the holders of the Southern cotton
loan was held in London ou October 18th, for
the purpose of receiving a report from ihe
committee appointed on the 4th of September.
The committee reported the amount of bonds
iu circulation at £2,400,000. They had sub
mitted the case to Mr. Fleming, Queen’s
Counsel, who gave a long aud elaborate opin
ou, entering fully into the doctrine of State
rights, aud arguing that if the Confederate
not lost their existence as inde
pendent States before iu« uouu«;uu U
loan, and he thinks not, there is no ground on
which the original validity can be successful
ly called in question. *lf his views are correct
then the United States, having taken tho
property of the Confederate States, Rubject to
the charge ol the loan, that which has become
the property of the United States, continues
liable to the charge. On this opiniou the
Committee remarked that the opinion of Mr.
Fleming on tho case leaves no doubt that
sooner or later either the United States or the
.States which formed the Confederation, will
recognize and pay the loan. The meeting
adjourned to the 18th of January.
Visit to the President of a Delegation ok
Ladies.— His Excellency, tho President, gave
audience a few days ago to a numerous dele
gation of ladies lrom Baltimore, deputed to
present a petition s’gned by 15,000 ladies,
seeking the executive clemency iu behalf of
Jefferson Davis. Mrs. Coleman, daughter ol
tho late lamented John J. Crittenden, address
ed the President in feeling and apptopriate
terms, to which he responded in a most fe
lictious manner, regretting that public policy
prevented his yielding to their persuasive an 1 *
touching arguments.
The interview was a protracted one and of
the most agreeable character, aud the fair
petitioners, it is stated, left Washington, carry
ing with them the most pleasurable impres
sions of Ihe President.
In declining, the President legretted that
fhs national character of the question restrain
ed all private sympathy which they might
have awakened iu him, and made the impor
tant statement that complete arrangements
have been made for the early legal trial of Mr.
Davis, according lo the laws of the land.
An Astounding Fraud. —lnvestigations dis
close the fact that betweeu $5,000,000 and
$6,000,000 of the Bank of Tennessee bills were
dated back when that bank was in the South
during the war, in order to make them of
greater value, and for the purpose of making
them redeemable in case the South
Search is now being made for a book by which
the original and altered bills can be separated.
It Is thought, however, that it cannot be
found
The way the fraud was brought to light
was this. A Legislative Committee was looking
over the assets ot the bank, and while doing
so, they founder note ou the bank, dated 1856
aud sigued by Messrs. Torbett and Fisher, aa
president, and cashier. This fact at once at
tracted the attention of one of the committee,
who knew that those gentlemen were not in
stalled into office till 1859! Mr. Clairoorne,
who had charge of the books of the bank
while the institution was in the South, was
called upou for an explanation, and he at once
acknowledged that bills to the amount of the
above mentioned sum to have been altered and
put in circulation. The matter is to be further
investigated.
JosFrn P. Carr, Fsq. has located himself
in our city, and has taken an office at No. 1
Warren Block. This gentleman formerly had
an extensive practice in Charleston, also in
the \\ est, where he resided at the beginning of
our late troubles. He has already shown great
ability in a very important case latelv tried
in our city. r
Emigrant Aid Societies are being organized
V rg '“'*j b v The wa g«» paid foreigners is
twelve dollkrs per month and board.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 22, 1865.
[From Macon Telegraph.]
(,'LOUSUACIIKKeSOF THK PRKBIUEVr OF
THK CONVEX 1 fOA.
Oa Wednesday the B'h irscant. the last day
of the session of the Georgia Convention at
MiHedgeviile, after a unanimous vote of thank?
to the presiding officer had beeu passed by
the body, and before pronouncing the adjourn
ment of the convention, Hon. Herscbel V.
Johnson, rose amid profound emotion, visible
in the countenances of all present, and with the
fountains of his own great heart swelling up to
his eye?, and with frequent interruption from
an inability to control Lis feeliDgs, delivered
the following address:
Gentlemen of tfcc Convention : The honr
designated in the resolution - which you have
adopted, for the adjournment ot this body,
has now arrived. The labors which we have
been eon veiled to perform have been com
pleted ; and we are now about to reperate and
return to our respective homes.
You have, in tho kindness and indulgence
of your hearts, tendered to me your unani
mous thank? for the manner in which 1 have
discharged the duties devolved upon me as
your presiding officer. It is grateful to my
feelings, gentlemen, to have received this evi
dence of your approbation. When 1 assumed
the duties assigned me, I promised you that I
would do the very best I could, I have re
deemed that pledge with fidelity. My short
comings are before you, and for thesa I ask
your indulgence. If I have erred it has been
unintentional, and I know I have erred, and
for these errors, 1 ask and crave your pardon.
If, in the discharge of my duties, I have been
so unfortunate as to appear unjust or harsh,
or inflicted the slightest wound upon the feel
ings ol a single member of this body, now, in
this parting hour and iu this presence, I humb
ly make the amende honorable.
We have had before us grave and responsi
ble trusts. We have been-acting not for our
selves, but for those who are to come after
us Many of us will scarcely live to see the
fruits of our labors. Some hose are in the
prime and vigor of life—they will live lo
know whether we have acted wisely or un
wisely. Others of us are already upon the
verge of that other land whither all are lend
ing, and in which all will render an account
for the manner iu which they have performed
their duties : and our children will live to
know whether their fithers have been wise
iu careirg for their interests, and in placing
our civil and political institutions upon such
a basis as to render them permanent and be
nign.
We have perfo:med the labors assiged us
under very unusual circumstances, and ia the
midst of an extraordinary and perilous crisis.
We have passed through a bloody struggle
with those with whom we had been previous
ly associated as lellow citizens, as members of
the same greaL republic, as descendants of the
same glorious anceslry, speakiDg the same
language, worshipping the same God, and bs
lieving in the same revelation. How sad the
event, that a bloody strife should have existed
among a people so situated, aud looking back
to the same scenes ot pride and glory which
illuminated our past history! How sadder
still, to think, that at the end of such a con
test our country—l mean that portion of it
which we call tho South—is prostrated, all its
(nteipiises crippled, its pursuits disorganized,
its labor destroyed, its agriculture rendered
nefficient and unproductive, all our permanent
investments iu the way of stocks and bonds
rendered valueless—in a word, coming out of
such a struggle wlilr me conviction which wp
must realize, in reference to ourselves, that wo
are indeed a poor people, thrown at a single
bum. from the higbeit pinnacle of prosperity
down so the most abject ami humiliating cir
cumstances of poverty and political impotency !
These are the circumstances, gentlemen,
under which we have been discharging the
duties assigned to us by our constituents. I
refer to them, not for the purpose of reviving
in the breast of any one, bitter remembrances
of the past, nor yet, for the purpose of pro
ducing in your hearts, or in the minds of my
countrymen anywhere, an unmanly whining
and simpering over our situation, while I feel
it was the necessary result of superiority of
numbers and resources But thank God ! our
manhood remains! (Applause.)
I submit these facts for another purpose.
It is to remind ourselves that, whilst we have
thus been cr ppled in our resources, paralyzed
in our energies, shrouded in mourning and
sorrow, it is the duty of each of us, with cour
ageous manhood, to look the future in the face,
and to hope on and hope ever. Something is
left, Aki ad Providence has cist our lot in
the midst of a land unparalleled in the richness
of its soil and resources, and unsurpassed in
the material elements necessary for a great,
prosperous, powerful and happy State.
So far as the development of resources is
concerned, Georgia is yet in her infancy. In
exhaustible mineral wealth sleeps in the bosom
of her gigantic mountains ; and with the ap
plication of enterprise aud of energy, these rich
materials will be exhumed, aud under the skill
of science and of art, and of industry and
energy, they will be compelled to contribute
to the elevation of our people, to their en
hancement in prosperity, and to their growth
in power.
It is true that our labor system has been en
tirely detanged, disorganized, almost destroy
ed aud we are now to enter upon the ex
periment, whether or not, the means of labor
which are left to us, the class of people to
which we are to look in the future as our la
boring class, can be organized into efficient and
trustworthy laborers. That may ba done, or I
hope it may be done if left to ourselves.
if I could have the ear of the entire people of
the United States, and if I might be permitted,
humble though I be, to utter au admonition,
not by way of threat, but for the purpose of
animating them to the pursuit oi a policy
wbicti would be wise, and salutary, and fra
ternal, and best for the country, I would im
plore them that, so far as providing for this
organization into a class of efficient and trust
worthy laborers, the Federal government
should just simply let us alone. We under
stand the character of that class of people,
their capacities, their instincts, and the causes
which control their conduct. If we cannot
succed iu making them trustworthy and effi
cient as laboiets, I think it is not saying too
much, when we affirm that the Federal gov
ernment need not attempt it. I trust they
will not, ami that we will have the.poor
privilege of being let alone, in the future, in
reference to this class of our people.
So lar as we are concerned, and so far as
the relationships wo sustain to them are con
cerned, we have duties to perform. lam a
Georgian, and speak to Georgians, an honora
ble, conscientious, high minded people, who
are prepared to discharge their duties, and
ready to rend them from surrounding circum
stances. I beg to suggest, and I would that I
could be hea.d by every citizen cf my beloved
State, that of all things pipon this subject, it
is most unwise, and nujust, and unkiud, for
the former owners of slaves to cultivate toward
them a feeling of dislike, or urkindaess, Their
emancipation has Rot been brought about by
iheir act; and in reference to the scenes through
which we have been passing, it is one -of the
most remarkable events in all history, that
such a people, with such temptation to insur
berdination and insurrection, as was constant
ly presented to them during all the period of
the revolution, aud most especially during the
latter portion of it, should have been so quiet,
so circumspect, so well behaved, <-o subordinate.
All over our Btate, women and children have
been left alone in their houses of abode, with
out one single, solitary male protector the
husbands, the sods and the brothers far away
upon the tented field—and yet our women and
Children, thus unprotected, have been unmo
lested by the colored population, and permit
ted to eDjoy safety and security, and as much
of the comforts of home, as was compatible
with the condition of the country.
I say, therefore, that the emancipation of
the negroes ainocgsr us is not Hie work of
their own doing. They ber.aved themselves
well during the war. and the shackles of slavery
being knocked off, it is not strange that we
should tee iii-tlessness. idleness, thrift'essness
exhibited by them, aud in some cases even In
suboid nation and a spirit of mutiny-not
more, however, than, under the circumstances
reasonable men might have expected
I speak this for a two fold purpose; first, to
pay a just tribute to that unfortunate class of
our people, and second, to remind ourselves of
the spirit which ought to animate us iu our
conduct towards them, and in maintaining the
relationship which must necessarily exist
between us iu the future. Our conduct should
be kiud, humane, salutary, magnanimous,
just. The result of this will be the production
of a feeling of mutal confidence between the
two races.
The black race must feel that the white man
is not hi3 enemy- that he is jUBt and magnani
mous and that on the otter hand will neget
conduct on the part of the African race, so far
a? they are now capable of being operated
upon by such influences, a h-eling of trust and
i confidence and kindness, and a willingness to
respond to thoduties obligatory upon them, and
thus enable both to move along harmoniously
in the prosecution of enterprises, and perhaps
successfully in the promotion of mutual in
terests.
Now, if we cultivate this feeling, (and any
other feeling would uot comform with our
duties towaids them,) and this feeling shall |jjo
embodied in a wise and well adjusted code of
laws for the government of both classes, be
cause laws that shall be enacted ia reference to
one class, can not appropriately be suited to
the other class on account of their color and
fundamental difference of race. I say if we
shall adopt such a code of laws that shall give
embodiment to these feelings of justice,
kindness'Bnd humanity, which I think it is our
duty to cultivate towaids them, we may in
dulge a hope that we may organize them into
a class of trustwoithy laborers.
We cannot succeed iu doing this unless our
course with reference to that class of people
shall be regulated by these high considera
tions of conduct. We may succeed, if we are
so animated—not only at homo, upon our
plantations, but in our legislative halls. If
we do not the experiment will only proveto
be a failure ; and I fear it will he a failure.
But let us make the experiment in good faith,
and in proportion as we succeed we shall be
remunerated for the effort, and in proportion
as we shall fail let us inaugurate such a policy
jjta will bring into our midst a sturdy, ener
getic class of laborers from other countries,
so that our country shall not be a howling
and desolate waste, so that our farms may be
repaired, our fences rebuiD and our home
steads made comfortable, aud all over our
State we shall witness evidences of prosperity
and thrill.
Gentlemen, these vemaiks have beeu sug
gestion by the occasion, without any Intention
of making a eet speech, but simply as the ut
terance of my mind, prompted by the circum
stances of the moment.
I will not detain you longer. The resolu
tion which provides for the adjournment of
this convention this day, reserves a duty upon
your presiding officer, within six months here
after, il it should become necessaiy, to call you
together again. That resolution also contains
a provision, tnat il from the icsignation, dis
ability, or death, your presiding officer should
not be able to perform this duty, it will de-
VOlVenpon tbc v/Ultf cAvuutltC vl fclxv OtakD.
if not removed by death ! I confess to you,
gentlemen, when that clause was read in the
resolution, a thrill went through my frame. Is
it possible that in the opinion of more than
three hundred intelligent, experienced men of
Georgia, there is such a conviction of the
probabilities of the death of a healthy man
within six months, that it should be provided
for by a solemn act of the convention ? So it
is, gentlemen. It was well put in. Two of
our body have passed away. We shall never
all meet again. Whether I shall be called
hence, or you, it is not at ali probable that we
shall alt moetagain.
Gentlemen, in view of thjsitlyug, and in view
of our surrounding?, in vie\i of the chastising
scenes through which we have passed; in
view of the sorrows which lang around the
hearthstones ot almost everyifamily within the
borders of our beloved Statq in view of the
hallowed memories of ihos< that sleep un
known upon the battle field,let us go home,
and cultivate among our felllw citizens feelings
of kindness, eschewing ever] thing like dia
oorded heart burnings, andpitter strife.
We have been divided iu ffher times upon
party issues. Great princh’es have divided
us, aud in the conduct of otHpolitical contests
we have been intolerant, viuperatlve, unfor
giving, uncharitable. Tha; we may avoid
such feelings hereafter, let vS return home, as
if from attending the funeral of our mother.
Our old mother, thank Gcfl 1 is not dead ;
but she has been reduced to extremity ; we
have been called together ti nurse around her
bedside, and to eudeavor, ilpossible, to reani
mate and reinvigorate her tasted body, and
now almost paralyzed liobs, and to drive
back into her heart the vital blood, and bid it
throb, until the vital curent shall stream
through its accustomed couises, and even until
she shall bloom again iu Jealth. [Sensation
and applause].
We have met here as frierds.; the experience
of the past bids us that we continue to be
friends. When we return home lot us distri
bute the sentiment among all classes of our
ueighbors of charity aud lore. Let us admon
ish them to love their comtry, and to obey
the constitutions and law? >f the land.
In view of that certain sad event which
must sooner or later come to us all, gentle
men, be circumspect, and ht us walk thought
fully upon the shore of that vast ocean which
we must sail so soon.
God bless you, gentlemen ! God bless our
beloved State ; and may prosperity and hap
piness be the boou which a kiud Providence
shall confer upon us, throughout ail our bor
ders.
You are now adjourned sine die, unless if
shall become necessary to call you together
again. [lmmense applause.]
Mr. Thomas of Coweta: I move that the
address of the President, to which we have
.just listeued, be spread upon the journal of
this body.
' The Secretary, Mr. Wffldel, put the motion
which was unanimously carried, and Ihe Geor
gia State Convention adjourned.
Business in New Orleans. — The New Or
leans correspondent cf the Mobile Advertiser
says
Business is becoming quite brisk, and the
city looks very much like it did in the mODth
of August. The receipts of cotton are large,
and every steamer that comes down thg river
brings a full cargo iof Western produce.
Several cargoes of cattle have latelv arrived
from Texas, and one or two cargoes have been
brought down the Mississippi. There have
been three arrivals of foreign ships, bringing
wines and brandies, and foreign dry and fancy
good j . The opinions of mercantile men and ffer
materially as to our .future prospects; Some
think the pres-nt season of prosperity will
last but a short time, an i then be followed by
a monetary and commercial crisis ; others
believe we have entered upon a career of un
paralleled fiuancial success The city is cer
tainly looking up at thej>resent moment, and
it is hoped we may have no worse times in
the futuie. Speaking of business. I am re
minded of the scarcity of lumber and its un
commonly high price. A large number of
buildings-are wantei immediately—both stores
and private dwellings—but the high price of
lumber, and ail kinds of building materials,
as well as the wantjbf skilled labor, makes it
almost impossible t# build at this time.
Miss States, an American singer, has hfen
e ugaged tor theopfra at Madrid, Spain,
An Important Spit a.yi) Decision ey a
United States Court —A ve-rjr interesting and
important case has recently be’on tr.ed in the-
U. S. Circuit Court for Vermont? v Rut
land, before Judge Smalley. It \v
for assault and baWery and false*
meni, brought bv liiram Walker, a man.
turerof Burlington, against C. B. Crane, Assis
tant Provost Marshal of the United States for
the first Congressional District of Vermont.
The trial is reported at length iu the Montpe
lier Argus and Patriot, from which we con
dense the annexed material facts in the case.
The plaintiff went to Rutland in August
18C5, fer the purpose of inlisting a substitute
for a young man in his employment He made
arrangements with one Noiton who was on
his way to Rutland with three Canadians to be
enlist™!, to furnish him with one of those men.
Norton made a contract with the selectmen of
Rutland, for the otli u r two men. Upou going
up to the Provost Marshal’s tffice to pay off
his man, the plaintiff was rudely accosted,
charged with being a substitute broker, and
thrust down stairs. .Some words ensued when
defendant arrested plaintiff and confined him
in Rutland jail in the common room with va
grants and criminals, 4 but shortly after be was
taken out by a squad of soldiers and discharg
ed. The defendant was subsequently smt for
to go to the Provost’s office to pay his man,
which he did.
The defendant put iu the order of the Pro
vost Marshal General of Vermont to exclude
from his office bounty add substitute brokers,
lie also put in evidence for the purpose of
showing that plaintiff negotiated with the Se
lectmen of Rutland for the sale of three Cana
dians ; that he was interested in the contract.
which had been made with them ; that they
closed the contract with him and Norton,
jointly, and that plaintiff did not deny he was
a bounty broker. Defendant also put in evi
dence an opinion of William Whiting, Solici
tor of the war Department, giving a construc
tion to certain sections of the Enrollment Act,
which had been published by the Department,
in a circular form, for the guidance of Provost
Marshals.
The Plaintiff put in evidence to show that
he was not and never had been in any way, a
substitute broker and that he had no interest
whatever in the contract with the Canadians,
except to obtain one as a substitute.
It was claimed for Iha defendant that be was
justified, under the orders he had received, in
excluding the plaintiff from tho office, and the
entrance to it, on account of his being a sub
stitute broker ; that the plaintiff was guilty
of an offense against the enrollment act in
threatening and obstnicting an officer of the
government; and that the defendant was jus
titled iu summarily arresting him under a sec
tion cf the act of March 3J, 1863, which is as
follows :
“And be it further enacted, Ihat any or
der of the President, or under his authority,
made at any time during the existence of this
rebellion, shall be a defence in all courts to
any action or prosecution, civil or criminal,
pending or to be commenced for any search,
seizure, arrest, oi imprisonment, made, done
or committed, or acts omitted to be done, un
der and by virtue of fueh defence may be
made by special plea or under the general is
sue.”
The defendant further claimed that pending
tna war, tho military authority was paramount
to the civil, and that summary arresfs under
martial law were justifiable and proper, and
constituted no cause of action.
Judge Smalley in charging the jury ruled
that the section in the act of March 3, 1863,
above quoted, was in violation of the Constitu
tion of the United States and afforded uo pro
tection for acts done under the authority 0 f
that section; that the language used by the
plaintiff did not amount to any offence against
the Enrollment Acl; also that tho opinion of
Whiting in legard to the construction of that
act was erroneous ; end that martial law not
having been declared in Vermont, tha civil
law remained in full force, aud was not sub
ordinate to military authority. He submit
ted the question of damages to the Jury, rul
ing that if defendent honestly be'ieved, and
had reason to believe, that the plaintiff \Vas a
substitute broker, and came within the effect
of the order to exclude persons of that descrip
cion, it should go in migration of damages,
even if the fact shonld be found to be other
wise.
The Jury, after a short absence, returned a
verdict for the plaintiff for SIOOO.
The Dutch Tulip Mania. —The innocent
cause of the evil, always a favorite with the
Turkish race, found its way from Constanti
nople to Vienna in 1554 It is recorded that
in 1562 a caigo of these precious bulbs was
received by a merchant of Ant-rwerp, who,
mistaking them for some kind of onion, had
many of them cooked ; the rest being plant
ed amoDg his kitchen vegetables, where, ap
parently, most of them died. A merchant of
Mechlin, however, had obtained a few cf the
bulbs ; and his more careful culture led to the
discovery of the beauty of their blooms. The
plant thus introduced to the Dutch florists soon
became the object of their special cars, the
bulbs fetching a high prior. A story is told
of a sailor, thar, breakfasting one morning up
ou his herring in tho warehouse ot a Dutch
merchant, he took up a handful of what he
deemei to be onions, and ato them as relish to
his fish. Unhappily for the luckless owner,
they were the priceless bulbs the new plant;
and it is said that the cost of the poor tar’s
breakfast to his unconscious host was greater
than would have sufficed for the festive enter
taiament of ali the heads of the national Gov
ernment.
The trade in tulip? appears for a long time
to have been a legitimate one for those who
wanteS and were willing to pay for luxuries.
Butin the middle of tine 17 th ceutury, the
gambling spirit, so often developed when
commerce has increased capital without sup
plying corresponding means for the profitable
investment of it, took hold of tho entire na
tion. Many collateral circumstances prove
that the whole affair partook ol this character,
and that a genuine love of flowers had little to
do with the mania. An instance is found in
the system of bettyig ou the probable nature
of the flowers which "the young Headings might
produce. This was carried to an enormous
extent, ruining iamiiy after family like the
race-course or the dice-box. 'ihe mania pro
bably culminated about the year 1636, at
which time the trade is paid to have yielded
within three years, to the city of Harlem,
about ten millions Bterliyg. For one foot
alone 4,000 florins, and anew carriage with
two harnessed horses, were given ; 13,000
florins, or above 6501., were paid for another
bulb of the same variety : whilst a third of a
different sort brought its possessor twelve
acres of land. One person who had an income
of 2,8001. a year—a very much larger sum
then than the same figures now represent
was reduced to beogary in four months.
The folly at last assumed such vast propor
tions that government interference became
necessary for its suppression. Happily the
gabling mania did not reach England ; but
the passion for fine tulips did, and some cor- *
responding difference to cost. In 1792 the
variety known by the name of Louis the Six
teenth sold at £25 per bulb. We are informed
that still more recently £72 10s, were offered
for one of the same kind and refused; whilst
so lately as 1798, bulls cf the variety called
Edward weie soid to Mr. Gienny for £l4O, —
prices only paralleled at the present day by
those paid for the choicest and rarest orchids.
A still nearer approach to the prices given dur
ling the tuliprnunia was witnessed in 1835,
when an amateur of Amsterdam gave 1650,
for a tulip called the “Citadel of Antwerp.’
London Quarterly Review.
VOL. LXXIVv
TANARUS&» C
who has ,
to Savanfiv.
thoroughly*
** --.fcSU
at the. .
State Sou.
50,000 bales? , «dgust
which was saved ; while -
middle and southwestern
was nearly ail tho cotton t*
tug the war, save only the
for homo consumption.
\ Neither army had opera.at.
thc.y p at ; no ports through w
kloofcnde, and transportuf
parts of 6a. ..Confederacy
railroads was out f '
era Fforida there ar
Ali this is nowfifcding'its outlet
Having a. pretty ei
through the cotton States, a sort o»
my observation u ( *>n the cotton que
not be without interest. In lowei
and northern Florida, and a part of so
ern Alabama, nearly all the cotton was
country at the time of the surrendei.
In other portions of those States the It
part was destroyed at the time of Sheri
and Wilson’s raids Missisippi had been
thoroughly raided that there was comparati
ly little left, but she will probably make
cotton than all other Gulf States together. The
receipts of cotton at New Orleans fromthe Red
River country are far below the general expec
tation, aud the quantity planted was vety
small. In Texas a full average crop was no
ddubt planted, but tho wet weather for the
last mouth was very unfavorable for maturing ;
it; the airny worm had made its appearance ip
several places and was threatening serio
damages, whije the prospect for obtaining ti
labor necessary for securing the crop was very
unfavorable. The amount of old cotton in
the State at the surrender was much less than
generally supposed, probably but little if any
more than 100,000 bales.
After a careful comparison of all the facts I
have been able togather, I should say that
1,600,000 bales would cover all that was in
the South at the time of the surrender. Add
to this, say 400,000 bales—a liberal estimate
—for the crop of 1865, and you have ail that
may be expected lor a year to come.
It is too soon to speculate upon ihe prospect
for the coming year, but I may remark in a
general way, that they are not very encourag
ing. A few planters are taking hold in earn
est, and oiganizing their forces for putting in
a crop next spring, but these cases are rare.
There is yet time for great improvement, and
it is hoped for the good of the whole country,
that the now dorment energies of this people
may bo awakened, and they be led to see
that the futureds full of promise of a rich re
ward for all of their labor.
Gaiety in the Mexican Capital.— Two days
after the inauguration of Morello’s statue,
there was a ball at the palace, in which the
rank, fashion, and beauty of Mexican society
shone in all its lustre. Madame Almonte, the
Marquese of Vivanco, the Baroness of Escan
don, and Marshal Bazaine’s wife, were particu
larly noticed. Madame Almonte wore a dress
of white ormesi, ornamented with knots of
blue satin, and on her head a blue diadem.
The dress of ihe Marquese of Vivanco was
peach color, of a very delicate tint, with white
blonde and frinso ornaments. She wore a
diamond set with broche and ear-rings of the
most magnificent water. On her head was a
red velvet coifure, embroidered with pearls
and green ribbon? which, compose tho three
national colors. The costume of the Barones?
of Escandon was magnificent—a beautiful
dress, with a waist of point l’angleterre ; on
her head a small crown of roses covered with
a net sprinkled with gold, two boqueta of dia
monds on each side, and sparkles of diamonds
surrounding her culred hair. The necklace
and bracelets were pearls and diamonds
mixed. Her costume was certainly worth half
a million of dollars, and was the richest of the
evening. Madame La Marechale tsazaine wore
a Solferino colored dress, and the emerald and
diamond set presented by the Empress. The
hair dress was fanned of an emerald ltzenge,
surrounded with diamonds, but her youth and
beauty were her finest ornament.
Outside of these high personages, crowds of
beauties had come to charm the delicious
party, to which her Majesty the Empress Char
lotte bad invited the flower of Mexican society
The Sequel of the Great Mexican Emigrat
tion Bubble— General Ortega, who is Chief
Justice of the Supreme Court of Mexico and
Vice President of the Republic, and who, by
the expiration of the term of President Juarez,
will become President next month, has been
arrested and admitted to bail in the sum of
seven thousand dollars, on the complaint of
Colonel William H. Allen, who figured in con
nection with the recruiting and emigration
movement, and who alleges that he was em
ployed by the General to superintend the
whole matter, on the promise that all expenses
would be paid. Now, Allen states, after ha
has reciuited a large number of men for Mexi
co, and incurred debts amounting to nearly
seven thousand dollars, Geneial Ortega re
fuses to cash the bills or to have anything to
do with the recruits. The action on the 17th
was on a motion to show cause why the order
of arrest should not be vacated. The General’s
response to Allen's allegations is a complete
denial. Ho says that he never gave the latter
the slightest authority for engaging In this
business, which was commenced before he had
ever seen Allen, and which he characterized as
foolish and calculated to lead only to failure.
He also states that he was shocked when he
learned that it was in progress, and that he
believes the present proceedings are designed
merely to extort money from him. The case
was adjourned.
A Career of Crime. —At Florence, Italy, a
man named Cosimi has just been convicted of
the murder ol three women. Eicb of these wo
men kept lodging rooms and were found under
circumstances leading to the belief that each
w-vs showing rooms to some pet son seeking
lodging, when they were attacked, thrown
down, their tlnoats cut, and robbed. A few
days after these murders, which followed each
other in rapid succession, Cosimi, who was a
stranger in the city, was arrested on suspicion
that be was engaged in some political plot,
when jewelry and other articles belonging to
tbe murdered women, were found in his
possession. Evidence was also found show
ing that he had formed plans for mur
dering six other women keeping lodging
bouses. An investigation showed that Cosimi
had been a murderer from early years. He
yvas once sentenced to be executed, but by the
intercession of priests his sentence was com
muted, and he was sent to the galleys, from
which he soon escaped. As capital punishment
wa§ abolished in Tuscany some years since,
the man will escape with life, and perhaps will
again obtain his liberty, and renew his career
of crime.
— -
The State Treasurei of Missouri reports the
receipts into the Treasury for the year at $2.-
463,900, and the expenditures at $1,854,661,
leaving a balance of $609,248 Tbe total
bonded debt, exclusive of railway bonds, in.
$602,000. With such a showing as this Mis
souri bonds ought to command higher prices
in New York than they do.
Tbe Savannah Herald repoits that in no
time in ten years has there been a greater
commercial activity in Savannah than prevails
now. The trade of the city is now on a sound
Pa,ajg—the exchange of the staple products of
the State for greenbacks and merchandise.
1 Vj
ington. v.
millions Os dob.
The larger oases
Railroad Compai
company.
Gov. Albert Pi;
are in Wasbinglo
Gen. John Edit
ington making ari
a National Bank $
the only salvation
stand by tho
the past. 'G‘
It is thought
before the AlgonquiL
for the se.a race.
A satchel containing
lars was stolen from a
Express Company Not
were being delivered!*
Secretary Seward \
Governor Perry to cod
Governor of South Carolin.
the President's orders. IT
regfets that neither the C
iature has repudiated the
South Carolina seems to d>
sionai amendment of the F
for the abolition of slavery.
tary Seward telegraphed, G
President, that an early adop
ment was deemed peculiarly .
pecially desirable with reference
situation of the Union, and that the L
opinion, before expresseed, remains uncnai.
The President on the 10th, responsiv!
delegates from the North Carolina deleg'
said that although the State had*done
the acceptance of the Cougressiona.ant’
ry amendment is peculiary important
successful restoration of tho State to th
Gov. Holden has been instructed to
the duties of Governor until relieved
press orders.
Gen. Briscoe, sentenced to five yeart
onment has been released by order of
retary of War for gallant services du
war.
The Union majority in New York is
29,000.
Great destitution prevails in somo sections
of North Carolina.
There was a great storm at Havana and
Matanzas, October 23. Several vessel were
lost, and a great many injured. Some were
driven ashore in the harbor t f Havana.
Much damage to shipping and Houses ; same in
Matanzas, where houses were blown down.
The sugar crop is reported as suffering greatly
from the storm.
Texas papers say the Convention in that
Stale will be called about the first of February -
The Russian Government has renewed con
tracts with Winans, of Baltimore, for keepiug
up the rolling stock on the St. Petersburg and
Moscow Railroad.
The (PConnell monument at Eunis, county
Clare, Ireland, was uncovered October 4th,
with considerable ceremony.
The Legislature of Georgia assmbles at Mil
ledgeville on the first Monday in December,
which iB the 4th.
Chief Justice Chase objects to having Davis
tried at Richmond; and urges the postpone
ment of the trial till after Congress meets; and
said that he wished Congress to provide for
the case, especially as these who report there
do not disclose how Congress is to interfere.
The President wishes the trial immediately,
and urges it upon the Chief Justice.
The Union Party have elected four out of the
five Judges in Maryland.
Count Mouthalon, French Minister, denies
there ever having been anything unfriendly in
French relations with our government.
The New York State colored convention
at Poughkeepsie has adjourned. A State
central committee was appointed to urge
the franchise and other questions affect
ing the interests of colored Americans.
The surgeon of the steamship Atlanta which
has just arrived at New York with the cholera
on board, states-that the majority of her pas
sengers are emigrants from Switzerland and
the Southern part, of Germany. They came by
way of Paris, .."here the cholera is raging, to
Havre. While there several died in boarding
houses, attended by Government physicians.
Unusual facilities were afforded by officials for
atheir shipment, and their anxiety was so great
to place them cr shipboard as to cause in
quries on the part of the officera of the ship.
Since the passengers have been removed front
tbe ship but few cases have occurred, aud these
are of the mildest form. We may hope for a
speedy disappearance of the malady.
Two new dodges for infringing the revenue
laws have be n reported aa being ex
tensively carried on by our Canadian neighbors
in the introduction of whiskey by means of
tin linings inserted in flour barrels. Out cf
100 barrels received, seventy-five contained tin
lining holding from three to five gallons. Ex
tensive smuggling of Meerabam pipes inserted
in loaves of bread haye also been detected.
Fuad Pacha has, to the surprise of mankind,
persuaded the Ulemos (Bishops) of iurkey, to
give up to the use of the State, a large por
tion of the surplus property that had accumu
lated in their hands for the endowment of
Mosques, Khans, Caravanserias, fountains,
wells, &c , lor the use of religion, or tbe bene
fit of the poor and of travelers. The Pacha s
success in this is the more remarkable seeing
that he, himself, is regarded as little better
than an unbeliever, while the most pious de
votees had hitherto failed in the reform. The
amount thus conceded is over *lO 000,000. -
A dentist of Edinburg Las patented an in
genious modification oi forceps, which admits
ar-ificially cooled air through its points to the
sum so as to deaden sensation previously to
the extraction of the tooth, and thus render the
operation painless. .
There seem3 to be a general impression in
Washington that the French Government has
been warned not to send any more troops to
Mexico.