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AUGUSTA, GA.
WKDNKHDAI >IORM,Vi 'DEI ESiUMtfi
Char ge cf Eates.
The Cheapest Weekly Is
sued iu the Country,
THE WEEKLY
Chronicle & Sentinel
Is issued every Wednesday. It will contain
all the latest markets, both foreign and domes
tic, as well as all the current news of the day.
Subscriptions will be received at tho annexed
sates :
One copy one year, $» 2
Three copies one yejr, 5
Five copies one year, 8
Ten copies one year, 15
Any larger number address ’d to names of
subscribers $1 50 each. An EXTRA COPY
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Thesera’es maketlieAUGU>TA
CHRONICLE Sc SENTINEL the
cheapest publication in the country.
V'INAN'Ci IL HKLIEK— BOIi IIIKKA PHOBIC
TION
The Richmond Whig truly remarks that the
restoration of the Southern States to their for
mer political and social status, with a view to
the re-establishment of their various forms of
Industry, is the most Important subject that
ean uow engago the reflections and inspire the
•tateemanßship of those who control the des
tinies of this country. Between the currency
uud finances of the country, and the industrial
condition of tho Southern most inti
mate connection exists By tho South, and by
the South alone, can be yielded those vast
revenues that are needed to relieve tho govern
ment and the finances of the country from |the
enormous pressure that is weighing so heavily
upon them. Wise political measures will soon
leave tho South free and able to contribute its
vast and invaluable products to the common
stock; unwise political measures will so crush
the spirit, and shackle the enterpriza and
energy of the South, as to prevent it from de
veloping Us resources, raising its peculiar
products, and contributing to that relief of
which the whole country stands so much in
need.
Nor is the interest in this subject coniiued to
th« people of this country, but, as a writer
forcibly remarks, "it extends to every civilized
nation, and to every town, hamlet and indi
vidual of those nations.” All who use or deal
in cotton, sugar, rice, tobacco, and all the
other products of the South, are interested in
placing the South in a situation to produce
these articles iu the greatest possible abund
ance. They are uow, to a great extent—the
•xtent, perhaps, of four fifths of their ordinary
production--absent from tho markets of the
world. Those products are of utmost universal
use, and their diminution iu quantity so in
creases the price of them, as to place them out
of tho reach of the masses, or, at least, to op
press them by their expensivouess. They are
the equivalents of gold.
A writer says that of the 5,385,897 bales of
cotton produced iu 1360, not over 1,500,000
bales were consumed in this country, leaving
for exportation 3.887,897 bales, which, at ten
cents per pound, furnished $155,475,880 to
supply the place of specie in our ioreign ex
change, and which, if produoed this year, at
the present prices, say forty cents per pound,
would supply the place of' $521,903,520 of
specie, which now goes for importations. The
balance of trade must be paid in specie, unless
paid in cotton, which is, to Europe, the same
as specie ; and if that additional amount of
spacie could be retaiued at home, it would
tend to strengthen tho paper currency of the
Government.
The capacity of tbo South srn States to pro
daoe tbo erops of 1860 is not diminish'd, ex
oept by tbo disorgiu’z itioa ot their labor sys
tem, and the imposition of political and indus
trial restraints. Let an efthetive labor system
bo organized, and the restraints to which we
allude be removed, nnd'the South by bringing
new fields into cultivation, and cultivating
more closely end scientifically than in times
past will bo able greatly to exceed the crop of
1860. The interest of the whole civilized world
are iutimately blended with those of tho South,
In raising and bringiug its presets into mar
ket. To this end Northern capitalists should
unite with Southern laud owners. If they do
not, capitalists from abroad will ultimately do
so.
Tho people of the North, should at once
realise the value and importance to themselves
and their personal and domestic ecoumy, of
placing the Southern States in position to draw
oat their vast treasures,and should oppose all
measures that tend to retain and diminish
Southern productions. Importations have
hitherto been met by the cotton crop, and the
estimates based upon it approximated certainty.
It was subject to no difficulty or disappoint
ment. But now the greatly increased impor
tations will have to be met in specie, or not at
all—unless steps are at once taken to have
the great resources of the South developed as
In day* gone by.
Gold Spent Abroad bt Americans —lt ap
pears from a letter of the Paris correspondent
of a New York journal, that the Americin res
dents in Paris ere becoming a’armed at the
rapid and enormous influx cf Americans in
Europe. The alarm is caused by the money
they are expend.ng, vhich constitutes a drafi
taken directly from tho gold capital of the
country, and which being once scattered there,
will n«ver find its wsy back to the United
States. It is estimated that there are forty or
fifty thousand Americans now in Europe, who
have gone over eiace the first of January. I
is said that every arriving steamer is crowded
with these pleasure seekers, who go well pro
vided with fends. This correspondent suppos
es that the number of American visitors to
Europe for the nest two or three years will
average fifty thousand.. Allowing each one ti
expend two thousand dollars, which he thinks
moderate, he mskvs cut a yearly
loss to this country, and gaiu to Europe, of one
hundred million dollars in gold.
Northern Coti-on Plantmu —a numbei of
plantations have recc-nijy been purchased in
Jjis seotiou by parties from the North.
A- lui'jßTAVr AIOViMEVr to the Liaisn- I
itac —An importa’.t memorial is in circula
tion iu 8' v anr.ah f-r signatures petitioning the
i gV.ature to make m.-h alteration in the
Tatafe regulating the interest of money, as is
demanded by the peculiar circumstances in
which the people of Georgia are placed. In
■he language of the memorial, much of the
capital of the State has been destroyed, par
ticularly its agricoitnrai capital. It is impos
sible to renew operations on the soil and to
raise exportable products, without the use ol
capital from abroad. To induce the emigra
tion of foreign capital, inducements must be
be presented to invite such emigration. The
rate of interest at fixed by law in this State,
can never induce the loreign capitalists to loan
his moneyed means supposing his security to
ba ample, unless the rate of interest is at least
one to two per c nt above the current
rate of the neigbboihood in which he lives.
The rate in New York, which is ihe money
ceDtrc of the Union, is seven per cent. The
legal rale in Georgia being the same, capital
will not find its way here. The suggestion in
the memorial seems to us both sensible aDd
practical. It is to peimit loans to ba made at
any rate of interest agreed upon in contracts
•or money, and that when tn any contract, the
rate of interest shall not be specified, it shall
bo fixed at seven pe v cent. It will bo borne in
mind by the Legisl Bute of Georgia, that we
live in a period that is exceptional—lhat our
State has been devastated by war and that
there is no mode of resuscitating its industry
at once, but by tho use of foreign capital,
which can be invited to visit our State by no
other inducement than an adequate rate of in
terest.
The petition already has been signed by
several cf the prominent cit’zens of Savannah.
The Overland Telegraph. —Mr. Collins,
whose name is now associated with the great
telegraph to Europe, was in New York a few
days ago, and gave some important iuforma
tion in relation to the proposed route of the
overland telegraph and the prospect of that
enterprise. Ho said that the whole submarine
distance required to be traversed by a cable
between New York and Paris is but thirty niue
miles. Os course rivers are not taken into ac
count-, but by fur the greater portion of these
may be crossed above ground, without the
necessity of submersion. There were two
routes which might be used so: the submarine
cable. One was from the Amoor River,
through the possessions of the Hudson Bay
Company, and down the Asiatio coast to St.
Petersburg. The other route was through
British Columbia, aud across Behring’s Strait*'.
Both were perfectly practicable, and there
appeared to bo but little doubt that the Arneri
can, British, and Russian Governments would
leud their aid in the matter. Six thousand
miles of the overland portion of the line are
to be put in place, and then the work will ba
completed. There would be no difficulty in
workiug the telegraph in high northern lati
tudes, if the natives of the countries through
wh'ch the line passed were disposed to be
friendly. Mr. Collins named no time as the
probable limit for the construction of the tele
graph ; but there is every reason to believe
that even if the British Atlantic Tilegraph
Company should manage to got the new sub
scriptions required, they wll not bo able to
manufacture the new cable and have it landed
and iu woiking order before the American tele
graph to Europe will be ready 'to compete
with it.
Educational Bureau or School Institute
ivur the Scuth —’ihe object of this Bureau, is
to lurnish teachers to Those in need ot them
to find tutors iu want of situations ; to give
parents iutormation of good schools ; to sell,
rent or exchange school property ; and to
lurnish school book3 and materials at pub
islurs’ prices. The Headquarters of the Bu
reau will be located at Savannah, where orders
will be received for all the States east of the
Mississippi.
Major General Henry C Wayne, who, dur
ing the war, was Adjutant and Inspector G en
eral of Georgia, and formerly of the U. S,
Army, a son ot Judge Wayne, and a native of
Georgia, has been appointed a Director for this
Bureau in the South. The Secretary, io whom
communications shauld be addressed, is
Major John O. Ferrill, a native of Savannah,
Ga.
The appointment ol General Wayne and
Major Ferrill, both well knownmitizens of this
State, is a guarantee that the affairs of the Bu
reau have been placed in judicious hands, and
if indefatigability will crown the Bureau with
success we are sure success awaits it under
the tutelage and directfcu of two such compe
tent and faithful gentlemen. Both General
Wayne and Major Ferrill enter the arena with
an earnestness and buoyancy that leads the
friends of thi3 Institution to predict the most
glorious results for their labors.
The Agricultural Resources of Virginia
—By glancing at tlie census statics of 1860,
one can form an idea of the immense agricul
tural resources of Virginia. In that year out
of an aggregate of 173,104.924 bushels of
wheat produced in all the Statea and Territo
ries, she yielded 13,130,977 bushels. Out of
an aggregate of 538,972,740 bushels of Indian
corn, she produced 38,319,909 bmhels. The
whole amount of tobacco raised in all the
States and territories, in IS6O, was 434,209,481
pounds. Os this amonct Virginia produced
128 968.312 pounds, and Kentucky 103,126,84
pounds—these two States together producing
more than half of all the tobacco grown in the
Union. The cotton raised upon the soil of
Virginia, though not cultivated to any great
extent, is of the most excellent character. Ia
the valley cf the James are lands quite as
good for the culture of the grapes as any to be
found in Ohio or California ; while its gra
zing pastures—considering her advantages of
climate, which allows her cattle to roam abroad
whole months after they have to bo carefully
boused in the inclement North—are among the
fines in the United States, not even excepting
Texas.
A Flood is California. —A San Francisco
d‘spatch of November 2 z, states that a storm
of rain has prevailed throughout California,
during the week, the most severe expetieDceu
since the great lliod c f 1861. Communica
tion with the interior except, by water and
telegraph, was cut off. The Central Pacific
Railroad has suffered severely by the caving in
of embankments. Tho d'sfricts have
received considerable damage by the w%si»iag
away of dams, Hume wheels and bridges.
Much of the country bordering ou the Sacra
mento and Platte rivers is fiooded. The lower
porti.nof Marysville is sndsr water, without
mu' 1 !! damage as yet. The wharf at Half moon
Bayer., on the Pacific coast, south of San Fran
cisco. La; b-J-’-n washed away, carrying a ware
house filled with gcjim causing damage to the
amount of $160,000.
At the date of tbs dispatch there were no
ig is of the ttoim abating.
Salt Wells of the United States.—Tkfc !
ebn-umptien ol salt in the United Slates is j
enormous, but of unknown -magnitude. Our \
supplies come from the West lurllcs and Grea 4 !
Britain chiefly, and Liverpool sa£ is no ether
than that of tho West Indies improved by
grinding. A great deal is derived, tco, from
domestic distillation. It will be remembered
that one duty performed by the Navy
along the Atlantic and Bay coasts of the South
ern States, was the destruction of all salt fac
tories, some cf which were unexpectedly large j
and well furnished, and turned out immense j
supplies. Besides b-ias produced by solar j
evaporation of sea water, as in the cases a!- •
luded ‘to, salt is also obtained in thv country i
by distillation of the brine .of salt cprirgs,
and from the borders of ealc lakes, where the
sun evaporates the water. Now York, West
ern Virginia, Ohio and Michigan, furnish some
thing of the former, Texas and Ucah provide
the latter. The business is uow a very im
portant one, since we consume twenty eight
million bushels annually.
As long ago as 1859, the well on Kanawha
River produced about one million bushels ot
salt annually, which was afterwards increased
to three millions. The wells were sunk from
800 to 1,500 feet, and the Holsten River salines
produced about 250,000 one he Is annually*
The salts springs on the liver Kisdlminetas,
in Western Pennsylvania, yield about one
million bushels annually, and from what we
have heard of the product in the Noithwee'-
ern part of the State, we expect to see tb's
production greatly increased by the next
census. There were some half a million bush
els produced in the Hocking Valley a: and
Pomeroy salines of Ohio in 1555, and the
yield must be vastly larger now There are
three great salt basins, too, ia Michigan, 27,-
000 square miles in the valley of the Saginaw
River, producing 50,000 bushels in 1850, have
been so enlarged by closing the Kanawha
woik?, that rai'e than 3,000,000 bushels have
been produced in 1863. This finds its market
in the South end West. The New York works
at Syracuse, produced; 9,953,864 Lushels in
1862, and 8.378,835 in 1863. The association
owning them had a capital of $160,000 aud in
four years they have paid to tho stockholders
934,000 dollars. The total product of the
country is about 17,000 000 bushels per an
num, and the total impart between 10,000.000
and 13,000,000 an aggregate consumption of
about 30,000.030 bushels.
The Leading Boot and Shoe Markets—
The latest Boston market states that* prices re
main unchanged. Stock on hand light. Most
of the goods are sent to New York and the
South. 'lhe shipments from Boston of the
past year up to the present time exceed those
of the corresponding periods of either of the
six ysars, being 40,065 cases mere than 1859,
which was the best business year previously
known in the shoe trade. The total shipments
for the week ending November 28, are 15,156
cases.
The latest Philadelphia market gives the
demand light. Most orders are from the West
and South. The manufacturers continue to
carry on full operations. Finer work is more
Bought for than formerly. Some manufac
turers for the Philadelphia market have com
menced operations for the spring trade.
The Boston Reporter says soma of the heavy
manufacturers are preparing to establish branch
ho uses throughout the South.
The Right Course.—We lotice by letters
from portions'’of our State, that the ne
groes who have left their old masters and gone
to cites and large villages havo returned, and
are making contracts for the coming year.
This is the right course for tho colored popu
lation in the South to pursue. The Govern
ment will not support them in idleness. The
sooner they find this out the better. Work
they will have to, if they expect to get any
thing to eat and clothe themselves with.
There is one thing certain. Our large places
should at once be cleaned of all vagrants. If
hey will not provide places for themselves,
places should be provided for them. This
matter has already been delayed too long.
Steps should at once be taken to put the ne
gro idlers in our midst at work.
To Prevent the Spreading of Small Pox
The question has been asked “Cannot the
small pox be prevented from spreading in our
midst?’’ The answer is “Yes!" Most em
phatically, “Yes!’’ And the way to do it is
for them who have the power, to at once com
mence cleaning cur streets of vagrants of all
kinds. This 6tep is ore which should be made
now. It would prove more efficient than any
thing else.
Besides, there is another way to look at this
matter. A vagrant who is made to work is a
benefit to himself and the community. But it
does not need much argument to prove that a
small pox vagrant is not only a useless mem
ber of society, but worse— decidedly a burden.
Sacreligicus Robbery —Wa are informed
that the Presbyterian Church, on Telfair street,
and the Presbyterian Lecture Room, corner of
Mclntosh and Ellis streets, have been robbed
of carpeting and other Church furniture. The
former building has a strip of carpeting imme
diately in front of the pulpit left, but the lec
ture room is stripped of carpets, table, &c.
The Episcopal (St. Paul’s) Church has had tho
carpeting on the middle aisle stolen also.
Cannot something be done to stop tho rob
ing business now going on in our midst ? Cer
tainly some measures should be at once adopt
ed.
Brokss National Banks A gentleman
who is well posted in financial affairs furnishes
us with thejannexed list of National B inks are
to be broken: First National Bank of New
York city, National Bank cf Utica, N Y ,
National Bank of Syracuse, N Y. National
Bank of New Bedford, Mass., National Bank,
of Hallowed, Maine.
We are inlotmed that a large number of these
bills are in circulation, uur citizens should be
on their guard.
The South Carolina Railroad —The work
upon the South Carolina Railroad is being
vigorously piosscuted. It is thought that the
Augusta branch will be completed to Midway,
twelve miles beyond Branchville,about the first
of the com mg month , and if no unusual ob
stacle present itself, the entire line will bo
open to Augusta on the first of February nrxr, ;
or perhaps sooner.
Horrible Murder in Savannah. —The stoie 1
of Mr. A- Cordes in Savannah, wa3 entered
a fev nights since by » gang of rowdies. He
was beaten so badly that he has since died of
his ir juries. Tbo store was robbed by the ma
rauders oefore they left.
Culture cf Cotton in Mi s mi.—Acc rding 1
to the St. Louis pnpgrS; the culture of cotton in j
Southeast Missouri, already meats with marked
success. New Madrid and Dunklin counties j
have each produced two thousand bales tllj
year.
Collision Bb webs tub U. S. Military and I
JcDiciAUv ix Mobile.—7lk* city of Mc-bib ; s ia I
.-xeitement over a direct coiilfon betweeu ike
U 8. District Court so; the Southe-n Dial riot- i
of Alabama and Major General C. R ;Woods,
commanding the United States forces at Mo- ;
bile. 7he occasion wa3 ihe issuing by the i
Court cf a writ of habeas corpus in behalf of i
T. C A. D xter, who se's forth that he is a
citizen of Massachusetts, acting by 'appoint
ment of the Treasury Department a9 Supervi -
iug Special Agent of the Tre.asuiy, was ar
rested by the military authorities on a cause
submitted to them alone, and is detained in
close custody without charge, hearing, or ex
amination. The writ is issued, and General
Woods responds that Dexter is detained by
order of Major Gen. Thomas, and that the writ
ot habeas corpus is suspended iu Alabama.
He therefore, ‘declines to obey it. The court
thereupon lectures General Woods soundly aud
directs an order to issue, requiring General
Woods to make a further and to the
writ.
The Provision Supply at the West— From
our Western Exchanges we gather the annex
ed fact in regard to the Provision supply at the
West. Pork packing will commence this year
about a month iater than usual. Tb ere were
immense crops of corn raised the past year,*
and farmers will feed their hogs as long as
they can. this being the test way to dispose of
the products of their teeming Oeids. Unfor
tunately the number of hogs is less than in
former years, the high price of last year hav
ing induced farmers to reduce their stock, but
those they have will be large and well fatted.
The supply of large beef cattle at the West is
also small, in consequence of the large sales
last season. Few steers over three years old
caa he seen upon the praiiies. So great is the
supply of corn that it is used iu many places
for fuel, being cheaper at twenty cents a bushel
ban wood at teu dollars per cord.
Florida Railroads.— The railroads in Flori
da did not suffer much damage during the war
in comparison to other Southern roads. The
Pensacola and Georgia road is in fair running
order from Quincy to Luke City. The cars are
running Li weekly. On the Central Road the
cars make their woak’y trips between Lake
City and Jacksonville. The Florida Railroad
from Fernaudina to Cedar Keys, it is expected,
will be in operation by the first of January.
The Pensacola and Georgia Railroad runs no
further West than Quincy, although it is hoped
it will be completed before long to tho Chat
tahooehee. Tho President of the latter road
has purchased in the North five first class en
gines and a large amount of material for the
construction of box cars.
Affairs in Central Tennessee. —A meeting
has been called by the Mayor of Nashville, of
the cit zina of the county to protect them
selves against the bands of robbers aud mur
derers who infest Nashville, and surrounding
country. Citizens from each ward were en
rolled for patrol duty. Citizens of Davidson
county, have assembled at the courthouse, and
passed resolutions to organize a force for the
suppression of robbers and lawlessness in the
surrounding country. Twenty-five men were
detailed to serve in the districts. General
Whipple has proposed to equip and mount
sufficient men to co-oporate with this force and
effectually exterminate the desperadoes who
are plundering and murdering in Central Ten
nessee.
White Labor for Cot ton Culture. —The
Charleston News is informed “by a gentle
man from the Southwest, that he has made an
arrangement at the North for the cultivation
of 1,000 acres of cotton land by fifty Swedish
laborers. He says that this plan is being
largely adopted in Tennessee, Alabama, Mis
! Bisßipp! and Ha also informs us
that Northern capitalists are readily advancing
capital for the purpose of planting on shares ;
that societies are formed that furnish labor for
a commission, and that the effect hi3 al ready
been to advance lands that, four months ago,
cojild have been easily bought for twenty to
sixty dollars per acre.
The Macon & Augusta Railroad —We notice
that the Macon papers keep agitating the im
portance of haying the Macon & Augusta rail
road completed at ouce. The finishiug of this
road would be of great benefit to Augusta as
well as Macon. Oar citizens we think should
make some movement that will tend to help
in having the unfinised portion o; the road
built immediately. Any’prcject that will help
increase the business of Augusta should be
zealously advocated and carried out.
National Bank cf Athens —We learn that
the National Bank of Athens was org raized on
Saturday, November 24th, by the election as
Directors John White, Dr. Henry Hull, John
W. Nicholson, F. W. Adams, Thomas Bishop.
H. Hull, Jr., Albon Chase.
The directors have elected Henry Hull, Jr.,
President, and F. W. Adams Cashier.
The capital was made up in Clark and con
tiguous counties, and tho institution will com
mence business early next year.
Cotton Matters in Mississippi.— A Mississip
pi newspaper states that of the eighty thou
sand bales of cotton collected by the Govern
ment [agents but six thousand hayo beep
accounted for, and says the stealing mania is
rampant.
In accordance with a law just passed by the
Mississippi Legislature, the State tax collector
at Vicksburg his given that a tax of
two dollars will be collected on each bale
shipped from there,
The Cattle Plague in Russia. —The Secre
tary of State has received a letter from Minis
ter Clay, dated St. Petersburg, October 29. As
some attempts are being made to deny the ex
istence of the cattle plague in Rus3 : a, he quotes
extracts from the Russian Gazette at Moscow,
in proof the fact. Nothing is attempted to ar
rest the plague. Minister Clay is cf the deci
ded opinion that disease was carried irom the
Baltic Russian ports to England,
South Carolina Railroad.— The “Mirror
and Railroad Guide,” rays this Road is now
open to Hopkin’a StatioD, some tea miles from
Columbia, and we understand thatthe road is in
order on the Augusta branch, sixteen miles from
Branchville. The bridge oyer edisto will soon
be completed, and the road possesses sufficient
iron to re-place all removed.
General Assembly P esbyterian Chulch
S rrrll ._The General Assembly cf the Presby
teiian Church South, meets in Maocn on the
J lib cf December. We understand that ar
rangements are being made with the various
railroads for a reduction in the rates of fare to
delegates who may attend.
Cotton for Liverpool —The steamer Gam -
brio aailed f om Lew Orleans tot Liverpool,
November 24, with thirteen hundred bal-.a of
cotton on board.
Tiis Bcimi.—Tbs National Intellingencer i
ike V-'a Firing! on organ of the administration, i
in a late art'cle on the South remarks thus:
The -(Miration of productive industry in the
Southern States will follow their politteal re
storation to the Union. Our currency cannot
be reiuliteJ, nor can the public debt be made
folly secure, without the aid of.Southa r u pro
duction. The South must be euablect, by the
revival of her commerce and agriculture, to
bear lic-r full share of national burdens, before I
the country cau recover from the fiaarcial em
barrassmsnts caused by the war.
The South possesses fertile lands capable of
producing the most valuable commercial sta-
She has labor of a kind well adapted to
fes climate Her capital and means of trans
portation are much impaired, but may be
gradually augmented. The labor of the freed
!..■«:) is at- present, unavailable, but it need cot
continue to be so another year. The freedmen
; .re necessary to the landholders and the land
holders aro "necessary to them. Neither can
prosper without tho aid of the other duriag
| the present generation.
We have supposed that the labor question
; would bo adjusted by the mutual interest and
: necessities of laborers and employers. There
can be no protracted difficulty in tho case,
except what may arise from the distrust which
each interest entertains of the other Tho
recent explanations and orders from the Freed -
inen’s Bureau and commanders of military
departments in the South, have tended to
j remove this difficulty, and to disabuse both
! parties of salsa impressions in regard to the
i policy of the Government in relation to them,
j o.i the Ist of January the freedmen will tied
i that, they must labor for their cwrt subsistence,
! and that they cannot depend upon the Os >v-
S eminent either for rations or for grants of land,
j Those who congregate in cities will bo induced
ito siek their proper employment in the
count; y.
The corn crop throughout the South, has
been so abundant as to remove all danger of
scarcity, and will enable the cotton an-i tobacco
planters to employ a large portion of available
labor in the production of these staples, It is
neither probable nor desirable, however, that
the South will hereafter rely so much as for
merly upon the West for breadstuifs and pro
visions. They will, to a great extent, produce
all they require for their own consumption,
and while .hey produce less cotton, they will
receive lor it the higher price.
But another great clement of productive
power in the South is now to be brought into
action—the labor of poor white men who have
heretofore been completely idle for want of
employment. They will find agricultural labor
i to be creditable, in the absence of negro s!a
--j very, as highly remunerative
J Authentic statement) made ii Southern j «ur
j nals show that one man, by his own labor, can
! produce, at tho present price of cotton, a crop
I worth a thousand dollais, besides the corn, &c ,
j requisite for his family.
j A large immigration of foreigners may also
be expected, for nowhore doe3 agricultural la
bor offer such rewards. From the Western
States, ako, meu of capital and enterprise are
now turning their faces tovaids the cotton
fields end negro plantations of the south, and
they will not be disappointed in their expocta ■
tions of profits from planting.
If the political relations ot the States lately
arrayed against the Federal Government
should bo adjust <! on a 6tabie basis, during
the coming session of Congress, the South
may hope for a career of renewed and increased
prosperity.
In the fu'fillrnent of this augury the whole
country will rejoice. Tho currency imbroglio
will then find an easy solution, for even if it
be not reduced in volume, it will find employ
ment in tho vastly extended operations of com
merce which will result from the revival of
Southern agriculture.
FOillilGt* lift Mg.
The Paris papers unite in damanding the
withdrawal of the French troops from Mexico.
The census of France for 1861, the results
of which have just hern published, state the
population at 36,717.254, against 36,138,364 in
1856, and 33.540,910 in 1836. The increase
in the five years between 1856 and 1861, was
577,890,
A European letter ptates that the cotton cu%
tore in Italy is progressing so rapidly and so
favorably, that the home manufactories are no
longer obliged to semi monthly four millions
of francs to Liverpool to buy citton with.
Several rich associations have been formed in
Italy, who, during tho next year, will extend
cotton plantations all over Naples and Sicily.
The cattle plague was introduced into Eng
land by ship loads of cattle from Russian Bal
tic ports.
An explosion of tho London Gas Company’s
Works killed nine persons.
Many persons have been arrested in the
streets of Dublin for singing seditious aongs.
German politics are lookiug very stormy
again The Prussian and Austrian Governments
have instructed their troops at Frankfort, (of
whom there are a largff number) to prevent,by
force, the meeting o#> the National Verein to
discuss the Schleswig Holstein qu°Btion.—
Meanwhile the National Verein has met and
demanded that the question ghaß be settled at
once by taking the vote of Schleswig-Hol
stemers thems nves. *
All the London Journals have published the
correspondence between Minister Adams and
Earl Russell in reference to the Alabama
claims.
The Ocean Sanger, from Savannah, has been
wrecked.
The London Times earnestly hopes that Cap
tain Waddell and his men were not liberated
without communication with Mr. Adams, and
at present declines to accept the captain’s state
ment as true.
The bullion in the Bank of England has in*
created $370,007
The echr. William and Frederick, from Mo
bile for Cardiff, baa been abandoned at sea,
and only the master raved.
Harry Broome, the English prize fighter,
died not long since in London.
Foreign papers say that Gen. McClellan will
spend the winter at Dresden.
A Finland newspaper mentions a stone in
the Northern part of Findland which serves the
inhabitants instead of a barometer. This stone,
which they call limokiur, turns black, or
blackish grey; when it is going to rain, but on
the approach of fine weather it is covered with
white spots. '
The Tycoo lof Japan had a narrow escape
from a3£a-sination on a recent journey, a Du
mio whose paiaco he visited having p’anned
to murder him and his attendants. The chief
conspirator was arrested and was executed by
being pierced by lances while lushed to a
wooden cross Another committed suicide by
“hari kasi.” The plot was supposed to haye
been in the interest of a high personage who
hoped to succeed to the rank of Tycoon.
Lord Charles liuseeH, ihe British Premier’s
brother, has been making a speech in favor of
an extension of the franchise.
During December and January next there is
to be aa exhibition of Italian cotton at Naples.
WV\ arm blood by the tumblerful! is given to
consumptives in Trance. Tire slaughterhouses
furnish an excellent article.
Gen. Grant is in Charleston
state ITEMS.
Messrs. Brown and Reese, of Taliafero county
have been found guilty of murder by the Mili
tary Commission in Washington. Ga„ and
sentenced to be Uigei on the first
Friday in January next.
By the Savannah papers we notice that sev
eral new buildings are going up in that city.
The First Presbyterian Church Savannah;
which wirS c’osed mo3t of the war has been
opened under tbs pastorage of Rev. David H
porter
Several large buw mills are being erected in
Savannah one of them is the largest in the
State.
A jarge crick yard will soon go into opera
tion ia <he vicinity of Savannah.
ihe *»ud has-been granted to the Micon and
Augusta, and Macon and Brunswicks Railroads
on vyiii h to Luild a passenger depot at Macon.
The Medical B ard of Georgia meet3 in
Macon, December 4,
Tee cn.zsDßof Columbu3 hive pledged them
selves to protect their own stores at night
from robbers.
A jonngman named W T Weaver, ofThom
asten, was knocked down and robbed of onfi
thousand dollars on Monday night in the
streets of Columbus. •
There are quite a laige number of ccem of
small pox Macon, and new care* are
daily occuring.
REWSSIMMARV.
Dr Grant, State geologist of Virginia, after
visiting nearly every con ty, reports that “Vir
ginia [>os:esses every metal and mineral that
all the other S’ates possess, ands pee fie ones,
in as g r eat abundance, or, 1 equal quality with
any other siugle State Theie ate lead miner
in Southwestern Virginia as rich as any in
America. They supplied the whole South dur
ing the w r. and shew no tfigns of exhaustion.
Ex President Pierce, who has bsea danger
ously id. is now convalescing.
The receipts of lumber at Chicago for the
present sersou, as shown by ifficial records,
give an aggregate ot 557,675.000 feet, or over
100,000,000 feet more than has been received
in any former year.
In the ease of a foreign holder of railroad
coupon bonds, the United States Circuit Court
for Maryland decided that the company could
not retain enough of the interest coupons to
pay tho income tax with, nor reserve a par cen
tage under the laws of Maryland, but must
pay the tax itself.
The sale of 1,500 government mules has just
been completed at Springfield, Illinois. The
amount realized was $175,000.
The fall sale of school lands in Minnesota
has been completed. The sales were confined
to tho Southern portion of the State. Two
hundred anu fitly thousand acres were sold
for 141,000.
Sales of confiscated property in New Or
leans have taken place a-, very low rates.
Hon O Gurosey, one ot the Indian commis
sioners, says that negotiations with the In
diras have been so satisfactory that he thicks
that a commissioner sent out eariy next sea
son so as to have ample time to go up the
river higher and see Indians of the upper
northwest country, will succeed in establishing
a general peace throughout that country.
Tho rumors (hat judge Otto will rcsigu the
assistant Secrotaiyship of the luterior are in
correct.
A military commission is said to be ordered
for the investigation of tho en'islmeut of
Prussian subjects by the State of Massachusetts
during the war, with power to sit in Washing
ton and Boston to accommodate the Prussiau
Minister and the Massachusetts officials re
spectively. It is understood Lh it tho Prussian
Government demanded an explanation from
the United States ; and the former expects to
establish the fact of fraud and compulsion
practiced upon the emigrant camm ssionem
Major-Gens. Hitchcock, Went, Smith and Selh
Williams.
Mr Thos. Conway, late Assistant Commis
sioner of tile Freedmen’s Bureau of Louisiana,
has been tendered, by General Howard, the
suparintendency ot all the freed men’a schools
in Tennessee and Kentucky.
Secretary Stanton has determined not to pub
lish the list of officers to be mustered out till
after Congress meets,
The number ot applications for pardon fi'ed
at Washington u about 20,000 The number
granted docs not exceed 8,000. None »re now
being granted
It Is arid that tho c fibers and crew of the
Shenandoah will be demanded of England by
the Federal authorities under the exiracatiou
treaty.
The interior of the Capitol is completely and
elaborately prepared lor the approaching ses
sion ot Congress. The desks for tho Southern
members of Oocgiess have been replaced.
A letter from San Francisco speaks of clus
ters of the Toksy grapes there weighing eight
and a half pouuda each One man raised one
hundred and thirty six varieties of grapes this
year. Apples titeen inches in circumference
and weighing ounces, are frequent
ly seen, and the writer asserts that he saw a
sample lot of Bartlett pears on one stem grown
on a graft put in last Feburary, by Daniel Fiiu,
of Sacramento, this cluster weigeed just
twelve pounds, or pound each on the average.
During the month of October, twenty two
thoueand two hundred and eighty four un
fortunates were arrested in New Yoik, and
seventeen thousand five -hundred and seventy
four applied for lodgiDgs at the police stations
of that city.
G L Totter, General Superintendent, and G
H Bruce, Assiij'aut Superintendent of the De
catur and Nashville Road, have resigned.
Three negroes, near Murfreesbo, recently
stole a watch from a fourth The Freed men’s
Bureau took coguiz mco of the ca3o and decided
that each of the three should pay twelve del
lars to the [robbed negro ; but they seduced
him iuto the woods and killed him. Two of
the murderers are under arrest.
Extensive frauds iu fire arms and whisky in
the Southwest are attracting attention at Wash
ington.
The President has pardoned Dr. J. G M.
Ramsey, o' Knoxviile, and hid son, Goa, J. C.
Ramtey.
Forty-six thousand Mississippi soldiers died
during tho war.
Holders of European products, such as
wines, hops and potatoes, were keeping out of
market for higher nrices.
Gen. Beecher, who commands a gub- district
in South Carolina, denies that there have
been any indication of or aitemp's at negro
insurrections in Barnwell pounty.'
The steamer Greyhound from Boston foi
Halifax, insured for one hundred thousand
dollars, was lost at sea.
The government has no confirmation n{ the
r< cent expiring repoi ts concerning a collision
between our troops and the French forces on
the Granfie.
lion. Thomas Little unionist has been elect
ed speaker of the South Carolina Senate.
Rjth Houses have organi z 'd. ’
r l he health of Gov. Holden is fmprovirg.
When the war ended, iu April last, the Go
vernment owned and used for military pur
poses 3,300 locomotives, 4,Ooocars, and 70A00
ions of iron. All the locomotives have Hwv
been sold, but forty-two, aud there are aoKt
1,000 cars on hand. Some have been sold
for cash at auction, aud some on six months’
and two years’ tin.o- the tirne to Southern
Railroads. Ail will be sold before January Ist.
The Commissioner of Internal Revenue has
received a communication from several pro
paetois of soda water fountains, remonstrating
against the tax of Fix per cent, levied accord
ing to law, on all manufacturers of such bever
ages. They claim that as they do not charge
their fountains with carbonic acid gas, they
are not liable to the tax, aud ask that the
amount already levied be remitted. The Com
missioner has replied in effect that they cannot
bo exempt from tho specified tax of six per
cent., and that whether they buy their foun
tains already charged, or hire a person to
charge them, they are regarded as manufac
turers or producers.
A New Bedford paper gives a list of forty six
American whaling vessels, with 10,252 barrels
of oil, destroyed by Southern cruisers during
the war. The value of the vessels is estimated
at $1,500,000, and the va ue of the oil ut half
a mdlion
Greytown, Nicaragua, advices say ihat on
the night of the 18:h of October a furious tor
nado visited that region, sweeping nearly
everything before it AloDg the shore, from
Monkey Po'nt to Bluefield, in that part of Cen
tral America known as ths Mosquito coast, the
entire town of B. uefield was almost completely
ieefroyed, and many persons killed. For
miles along the coast all houses disappeared
before the storm, plantations were covered
with five feet of water and all the growing
crops destroyed.
Nearly all of the privates in the veteran re
serve corps have voted, under the late oraer of
the War Department, to leave the service, and
have been miutered out. In one reg'ment but
four men remain. A large number oi the tfii
cers however remain in the service. Most of
them are utterly incapacitated for the pursuit
ot their former business avocations, as are
found from tho official report3 now coming to
the War Department and from other sources.
These of course deslr-; to remain in tho service,
and in order to make plate for them in the
regular army, if it seal! be determined io merge
the veteran reserves into that organization,
an enabling act is proposed to be submitted to
Congress to be enacted into a law which will
provice lor the aam sdou of the veteran re*
serve odious, retaining their present grade or
rank a3 near as may be upon certificate from a
board cf examiners of competency and fitness
for their positions It is understood that the
Secretary of War favors this pian.
During tho year 1802, ’63, '64 we expoited
to Europe two- &nd three quartern r,-ore wheat
and eight times iaoro bacon than in ISSS. 'SO
and 1860.
The advent of Caleb Cushing to England Is
looked forward to with some interest. There;
are anxious feelings expressed that all matters i
n eontroveoy betvrtenjthc two governments bp J
amicably adjusted. 1
HUHggCMMV'tV. jj
A Vraffiing’nn dupaten speaking of th- til
of t,e Stoi tw .11. for the rdiication pf til
Farrogut Court martia . eays her speed was
tn l-s a.i hour 'vi,ith D bv no m-ans hi
maximum. She is laic* to bs vuy formidabil
ller ram projected twenty-five feet from !-■
bow, and lies eight feet under the water. Alt«
the trial was completed tho general imp essi I
seemed to be that Oomobore C aven exercise]
a sound discretion in uot attacking ler. Hal
the Niagara guns waited to make a; y imprerl
ston cn the four inch plating of tue Stone.vail J
the result would probably have been tbl
Finking of the Niagara by the latter’s taml
The Stonewall is to be hauled into the sheanj
aud a guu the Niagara's calibre is to b * fireq
at her at a distance approximaiing to thal
between her aud the Niagara at tte time Corn-1
modore Craven declined to attack her. 1
They have a monster pumping machiue al
Cincinnati, wh’ch draws from the Ohio riveJ
and discharges a stream of water five feet id
diameter. It is the largest machine of the UinJ
in existence, and is peculiar iu having neitheq
crank nor fly-wheel
A prominent member of ihe Senate FinaurJ
Committee has amounted his intention tJ
u r ge upon Cong less the reduction of Govern-]
meat taxes f illy one hundred millions of doll
lars. He alleges that the revenue, atffr tbl J
reduction shall have been made, will lie suili
cient to deiray the expenses of Goveir mentj
and leave a large sum to be applied to th.J
public debt
Ihe South Carolina Legislature re-asscmbled
November 25.
Immigration into Canada this year shows p.nl
increase of abrut 1,300 compared* with last. [
O.her mines than cold are coming into!
n >tic iin California. A San F:arc's'o |>’p P rl
siys the copper interest of California is rapidly I
gaining in importance, and soon its produe-]
tioa will surpass that of quicksilver. The
mines are li.h and numerous, aud the lodes,]
so far as examined, wide and permanent. No:|
less thau fifteen counties, reaching from ban]
Diego to Del Norte, hav ng large and well
known lodes of copper ore, exceeding ten per
cent, in richness.
The “What Chi er House,” in San Francisco,
was robbed of twenty thousand dollars in gold
on Novimbev 14.
A foreign vessel loaded with German emi
grants arrived at New Orleans a few days ago,
the first tor several years.
Charles Buehlcr, who sells purler iu Harris
burg, Fa., has fallen heir to $150,000 by the
death of a relative in Germany.
Colonel Chipman, late Judge Advocate of
the VVirz military commission has resigned.
Gen Billow has commenced a suit against
Gen Curtis for the value of 2,300 bales ot cot
ton which were seized and held by orders of
Geu Curtis, when lie captured Helena. There
is no evideuce that the proceeds ever, reached
the public treasury.
All sales of lands for direct taxes in tho
Southern districts are ordered to be indefinitely
postponed.
Brigadier General Fisk tendered his resig
nation on Monday, but it was returned disap
proved by General Howard, of the Freedmeu’a
Bureau,‘with tho remark that General Fisk’s
services in the administration of the u flairs of
the bureau in Kentucky and Tennessee, bad
been altogether too valuable to be spared ut
tho present time.
The Federal Commissary Department has
about sixty thousand gallons of whisky which
it will, sell at an early day.
The’total amount of conscience money re
cuved at tho Treasury Department for the year
ending with June last was S2O 876, and was
received in sums varying from S6O to SSOO.
Iltelligeucv from Central Mississippi reports
a hearty reaction existing, personal enteprise
active, provisions plentiful and the negroes aro
well disposed and returning to their former
homes.
A gentleman just arrived in New York from
Colorado, by the overland route, speakß of a
horrible sight witnessed on the prairies, where
a small emigrant train had been attacked by
Indians, and an old man captured; who was
tied to a wagon and burned to death. The
body was diocoved the next morning with an
arrow driven into each eye. Gen. Comer was
in favor of extermination.
An immense iron block in Chicago, owned
by George R. Robbins, of New York, five
stories height, and weighing with Us contents
about 50,000 tons,- has just been raised twenty
seven iachtß, without iu the least interrupting
the business of the occupants.
The Commissioner of Internal Revenue de
cides that the deed of trust given by the Atlau- .
tic and Great Western Railway Company to
John R. Benn, of New York, requires revenue
stamps to the amount of $30,000.
The Galveston Texas Bulletin says the old
regular line of vessels between that city and
Bremen have been re-established, and believes
that there will be a great rush of Germans into
tae (state during the coming year.
The stock of coffee November 15 was three
thousand seven hundred bags ia New York,
and eight thousand five hundred in Baltimore.
No branch of farming industry in tho West
has been pushed with more vigor and with
better success than the caltivatiou of sorghum
this year. Many more persons have gone in it
than heretof ore, and more ground has beer,
appropriated to it, Tho season for Its growth* ■
gathering and grinding has been remarkably
good. The canes grew luxuriantly, yielding a
great supply of juice, with a fair proportion of
saccharine matter.
A statement has been going tho rounds of
the press that tha debt of Virginia before the
war was $56,000,000. The tiuth is, according
to the Richmond Republic, that the indebted
ness of the State at the time the war broke out
was only 1.800,000.
Theodore Gennert, superintendent of the
Germania Beet Sugar Company, of Chatsworth,
111 ,is on his way to Europe to procure the
necessary machinery and Beed for growing tho
beet and manufacturing the same into sugar.
Already nearly three thousand aDplijaiions
are on file for tho four hundred and fifty
three vacant lieutenancies in the regular army,
to be filled by appointment of volunteer offi
cers who have seen two years’ service.
A whale, fifty feat long, appeared in Hamp
ton Riads, Va., recently.
The prioe ot pork has declined in the wes
tern portions of Indiana, on account of tho
cheapness of corn, which can be bought in
fields, along the Wabaßh Valley, for fifteen
ant per bushel.
The amount of coal shipped fiom the Penn
sylvania mines this year is thus far 8,171,512
tons, or a decrease of 1,004 588 tons compared
with 1864.
Tho property of Ex-Senator Truston Polk,
against which confiFcation proceedings were
tukeu three years ego, has been fully restored,
by order oi the government.
A commission from the Canadian Provinces
is expected to leave Eagbsnd early next month
to promote trado between British North Ameri
ca and the West India Islands.
Charles J Roberts,' an English counterfeiter,
wag recently arrested in Brooklyn, and $50,-
000 in spurious Cfty-cent stamps, of a most
dangerous character, sc zed, with an excellent
plate, from which be designed to realise SIOO, -
OQO, and then depart for Europe. It is sail
that $20,000 of Robert’s counterfeits are al
ready in circulation.
Annexed are the 1 comparative earnings of
the Michigan Southern Railroad for the sec
ond week in November . 1865, $113,532; IBG4.
$93,211; increase, $20,321.
The Fenians had a grand torch light proces
sion at Wilmington, Del., Saturday evening.
The Republicans will have a majority oi 50
on joint ballot in the Ohio Legislature.
The Governor of Oregon has called an extra
segsioa of the Legislatuie, which is to meet on
December sth.
A grape grower on an island in Lake Erie,
asserts that bo bos this year raised from one
acre eighteen and a half tons c-f Catawba
grapes.
Tire business of the United States Potent
Office is gradually increasing. During tho
month of October six hundred and twenty
eight patents were issued. and five bandied
and twenty were or will be issued from the
Ist to the 28th of November, inclusive.
Robberies and murders still continue in
Nashville and vicinity,, rtour men and cue
woman were killed near the Chattanooga de
pot November ICi.
The Ameiican Biptiet Publication Society
has issued an appeal to all the Bintiat
churches to raise this year a special fund of
$50,000, for the purpose ot re-organizing Sun
day school Missions among the whites of the
South.
Gov. Morton, Qf Tnd„ wiU leave shortly for
Europe,