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yea* 74, nays 74. The Speaker voting in the
negative, the bill was lost. In t’lls bill the
alaries of Judges of the Supreme Court are
fixed at $3,500 per annum; tboee of Judges of
the Superior Courts at $2,500; those of Solici
tors at $500; those of Secretaries of the Exe
cutive department at $1,800; that of Gover
nor’s Messenger at $950.
The bill for the relief of T. W. Fleming, and
all others similarly situated. It contemplates
reimbursement by the State for money taken
by him while acting as Collector at Augusta.
Considerable discussion was had on the bill,
which being put on its passage was lost
SENATE.
Monday, January 29
The annexed billß were passed: to alter the line
between Irwin and Wilcox counties; to author
ize Ordinaries in certain cases to issue letters
testamentary ; this bill contemplates cases in
which testators, through oversight, have omit
ted to name their executors ; to amend section
2480 oi the Code ;to appoint certain presona
therein named trustees of the Knoxville camp
ground—the bill provides for the sale of the
camp ground ; for the relief of Arthur Hutch
inson, of Campbell couQty—Hutchinson
living in Campbell county, and having reduced,
by sale, his land in Clinch county below 5,000
acres, asked to ire relieved from tax.fi fas; to
amend the charter of the city of Americus ; to
change the place of holding Justices’ Court in
the 97th District of Washington county to
Samlersville ; to authorize the several counties
of this Stale to issue bonds for the purpose of
raising money tbi immediate use ; to extend the
corporate limits of the town of Forsyth—the
bill extends the limits half mile in every di
rection from the Court House ; to suspend the
operation of the 1528th section of the Code in
certain counties—it refers to the counties in
which the standards of weights and measures
have been destroyed ; to legalize the issue of
bonds and bills by the City Council of At;
lanta.
’The bill to amend the 3453 csetion of the
Code was lost.
3be bill to prescribe thd oath to be admin
istered to voters was referred to juiifiary
Committee.
'The annexed bills were introduced to Iter
the charter of the town of Cuthbert, in ian
dolpb county; for the relief of the ban: of
fliis State; to relea >e the banks from .he
payment of and hts created for var purposes;
to relieve from personal liability the stock
holdersftol bauks ; for the relief of the officers
of the tiantß.
A resolution was offered for the appoint
ment oi a joint committee to examine into
the condition of the penitentiary buildings at
this place, ascertain at what cost they may be
made suitable for tbg reception of convicts, in
quire into the cost of erecting similar build
ings at other places, and report the results to
the Legislature. The resolution was agreed
to.
HOUSE.
Monday, January 7.
A motion to reconsider the rejection ‘he
bill for the relief of Porter Fleming, wn _,st.
The annexed resolutions were’ introo ed :
That whereas this House has not resol ’ it
self into a debating society, no membe ball
speak more than once on the same sulije. , nor
longerthan five minutes; that from and after the
loth of February no pew matter should be in
troduced in the House; that the call of coun
ties shall he made but once a week hereafter;
that a committee be appointed to inquire into
the ordor given by the Governor, to pay over
to the Principal Keeper of the Penitentiary,
SIO,OOO.
The annexed bills wer" introduced: to incor
porate the Savings l> Savannah ; to give
Attorneys time to make out bills of certioi
in certain casts; to incorporate the Ellijay
Mining Company; to prevent the distiiation of
corn without a license; to levy aDd collect a
tax lor the county of Clarke for the year 1866;
to define the mode of paying the Solicitor of
the Eastern Circuit; to define vagrancy and to
punish the same; to pay some lit and proper
person to keep in order the Stato House clock
for the present year; for tho relief of orphans;
for the relief Asa T. Zachary, of the county
of Morgan; to authorize Ordinaries to adminiss
ter oaths and receive the same pay therefore a-
Justices’ of the Peace.
The annexed bills were passed : to change
the line between Worth and Irwin ; to amend
10th paragraph, 2d article, part Ist, title 16th,
chapter 6 of the ; to prevent the granting
of licenses to retail spirituous liquors in Louis*
ville ; to establish a seal to be used by the
Secretary ot State ; to allow persons living on
the Western & Atlantic liailroad to build stock
gaps on the same ; to tlx the ages at which
persons shall work on public roads—the bill
fixes the ages at irotn 10 to 60 ; to punish the ,
felonious taking n.vay fiom the premises of
another, timber, rails, fruit, &c., and hunting
aud lisbing on the enclosed or unenclosed lands
of others, fixing the punishment for the same
at S6OO tine aud imprisomnent.fcjEeferred to
the Judiciary Committee.
SENATE.
Tuesday, January 30.
A motion to reconsider the action of the
Senate in the parage of the bill to allow the
several counties ot tne State to issue bonds, was
lost.
A seat was tendered Rev. L. Pierce, D. D.,
on the tloor of the Senate.
The Senate repaired to the House of Repre
sentatives to elect a U. S. Senator.
HOUSE.
Tuesday, Janury 27.
A bill to prevent the spread of small pox
was taken up aud passed.
A motion to put off the election of U. S.
Senator until February 15, was lost.
The time arrived which had been appointed
for the election of U. S. Senator. The Sena
tors entered the Hall of Representatives, and
the President called tho joint session to order.
Secretary Weems read the resolution concern
ing the joint session.
Tho names of Hon. A. U Stephens and Hon.
Joshua Hill were nominated for the long term.
On the first ballot the vote stood : Stephens.
162 ; Hill, 38. Mr. Stephens having received a
majority ot the votes cast was declared elected
U. S. Senator for the long term.
The names of L. J. Gartrell, Cincinnatus
Peeples, and Governor James Johnsou, were
placed in nomination for the short term.—
The following is the result on first ballot :
Gartrell, 88; Peeples, 72; Johnson. 24.
Second ballot resulted : Gartrell, 93; Peeples,
91 ; Johnsou, . The name of Governor
having been withdrawn, Mr. J. J.
Jones, of Burke, nominated Hon. H. V John
son. The third ballot resulted as follows :
Gartrell, 77 ; Peeples, 70 ; Johnson, 36. On
the fourth ballot the vote stood : Gartrell, 77 ;
Peep'es, 68 : Johnson, 36. Fifth ballot stood :
Gartrell, 75 ; Peeples, 67 ; Johnson, 30.
SENATE.
Tuesday Afternoon, January 30.
The Senate having resumed the consideration
of business, passed the bill to make advances 'o
officers and members'of the General Assembly,
and then adjourned.
HOUSE.
Tuesday Afternoon, January 30.
The names of Cinciunatus Peeple6, Esq., and
Gen. Gartrell were withdrawn as candidates for
Senator.
On the first voting, Hon. H. V. Johnson re
ceived 162 vetee, and was declared duly
elected.
The Senate retired to the chamber and the
House adjourned.
SENATE
Wednesday, January 31.
The bill to alter the line between Lee and
Terrell counties was passed.
The bill for the relief of the heirs of Mary A
West, being a special order, was taken up and
after some discussion was lost by a vote of 15
to 20. Mrs. Weet had left in her will money
to be laid out in the purchase of negroes for
her grand childreu.
Mr. Moore introduced a resolution which
was passed requiring the Secretary as a part
of his duty to inform the House when one of
its bills is lost in the Senate.
The Committee on Internal Improvements
reported a bill to raise the salary of the Su
perintendent of the Western and Atlantic
Railroad to $6,000.
The Homestead hitN being also a special or
der, was taken up and discussed. The bill,
as introduced by Mr. S roz'.er, proposes to
exempt from levy and sale a home regardless
of value. For this two substitutes have been
proposed, the first providing luat such home
shall not exceed in value $1,500 ; the second
substitute reported by the Judiciary Com -
mittee, provides that such home shall not ex
ceed $4,090 in valud. ’
HOUSE.
WtuxESDiY, January 31.
The annexed bills were introduced : to en
courage the arrest and convicion of horee
thieves ; to alter and change tho liue between
‘he counties of Cobb and Paulding ; to legalize
certain marriages in this St te—it eeem3 that
whilst civil law was suspended marriage li
censes were issued to certain persons who were
duly married and continue to live as man and
wife ; to consolidate the offices of tax receiver
and tax collector of Effingham county ; to au
thorize the c’.ty council and mayor ot Rome,
to issue change bills not exceeding in the ag
gregate of SIO,OOO ; to incorporate Atlanta
Mining and Rolling Mill Company ; to suspend
tho collection laws of the State until January
Ist, 1808 ; to alter and amend the 586 section
of Part Ist of the (J jde ; to incorporate the
Central Georgia Manufacturing Company ; to
change the line between the counties of Talbot
and Merriwether ; to alter the 2nd section of
an act passed, incorporating the Empire Coal
and Mining Company, allowing said Company
to increase their capital stock, not to exceed
five millions of dollars ; to encourage the dj
velopment of the Agricultural interests of the
State, and to assist the Georgia Land and
Ocean Navigation Company of Savannah—it
provides for the endorsement of the Governor
upon the bonds of said company to tho amount
of two millions of dollars ; to amend an act
entitled an act to incorporate the Central Rail
road and Banking Company—this bill regulates
tho manner of voting and extends tho charter
for Banking purposes for thiity years.
She annexed bills were passed ; to define the
duties of persons joining jf cnees and for the
keeping up of the same ; for the relief of all
persons who were bom fide soldiers in the late
Confederate army, wno are charged with
crimes during the existence of the late war.
in carrying out orders of superior officers ;Tto
incorporate the town of Steadman, in the
county of Newton, end coufering certain fa
vors upon commissioners of said town; to
make owners and possessors of mischievous
dog’s liable for damages ; the relief of tho se
curities of B. T. Handly, who was indicted for
horse stealing in the county of Milton—Said
Ilandly was lust heard of iu the Coniederate
army ;to authorize the redemption of lands
sold for taxes.
The Appeal of the Richmond# La dies . - An
uexed is the appeal of the ladies of Richmoad-
Va., iu behalf of Mr. Davis :
To his Excellency Andrew Johnson,
President of the United States :
Sir—We, whose names are undersigned,
women of Richmond and vicinity, sympathiz
ing deeply with the misfortunes of Jefferson
Davis, our former chogen ruler, respectfully
ask of your Excellency a favorable considera
tion of this our earnest petition for his resto
ration to liberty.
Wo cannot conceal from ourselves, Mr. Pre
sident, the fact that Mr. Davis ib now imprison
ed and held subject to tiial for his life in
consequence of being the head and exponent
of the late movement in opposition to the
authority of the United States; and that to this
position of perilous prominence our fathers
and our brothers called him without his
seeking it. In view of this, we cannot reirain
from raising our voices in his behalf, or fail to
do all in our power to shield him from conse
quences caused, in great part, by us and cuis.
Woman has ever been the privileged plea
der, even for those who have no special claim
upon her regard. To the women of Virginia
Mr. Davis never can be an object of indiffir
enco. Side by side with ones, he
has, for four long years, endured the vicissi
les of a war 3uch as never beforo was seen,
r* s he, without hesitation, sacrificed al!
his c. hly possessions, and did not fear to
subject his life to the grave perils which fail
ure would bring.
Apart from the universal claim of humanity
which prompts us to plead for all the suffering
unfortunate, our prayer for mercy is offered
in this instance with tho additional fervor of
devoted attachment to tho person of our late
Chief Magistrate, and of admiration for his
rare Individual worth. This affection and ad
miration are the result of his four years' resi
dence in our midst.
Mr. President, the brightest gem in the vic
tor’s crown is meicy ; Us blessings descend
alike on the receiver and giver. The Prince
of Peace has said “Blessed are the merciful for
they shall obtain mercy.” Pardon is the off
spring of conscious power. Exercised here, it
would be the proudest evidence or America’s
strength ever given to the world. It would
teach the nations that she disdains the tyrant’s
plea— “Necessity.’ ’
Surely the “Genius of America” would not 1
add one drop of blood to all that ha? been shed.
She is typefied in the gentle form of woman.
Our hearts teach us that this deed of mercy,
performed by you, her chosen servant, would
not fail to win her favor and secure her ever
lasting smiles.
As you receive our prayer, may the Ruler
of the Universe receive yours.
Relief for Mrs. Davis and Family.— We
find in the Milledgville papers of this week tho
following appeal irom Governor Jenkins, rep
resenting the ladies of that city :
The ladies of Milledgeville and vicinity have
formed an association, having for its object
the raising of a fund for the purpose of secur
ing to Mrs. Jefferson Davis and bei children a
permanent provision.
The plan proposed is, that each lady in
Georgia, willing to promote the object, pay to
tho Ordinary ot the county of her residence
one dollar; that ho be requested to receive the
same and forward the sum total, with a list of
■<Jie contributors, to John Jones, Esq., Treas
urer of the State, at Mllledgeviiie, by express
or other sale conveyance, when, in hfs opinion,
contributions from his county shall havej ceas
ed ; and that tho Association, as soon as they
may have reason to believe that all collections
made have been received by Mr. Jones, with
his assistance, take measures to place the ag
gregate in the hands of Mis. Davis.
It is not proposed to’make any exciting ap
peal cn a subject, the mere mention of which
will arouse the lively interest cf our noble
women. The plan is simple, the agents sug
gested reliable, and easily accessible to the
ladies.
The officers of the association respectfully
request, Ist that such newspapers of the State,
as are friendly to tho movement, give this card
a few insertions, and call attention to it ed
itorially.
2ud. That Ministers of ihe Gospel, several
ly, read it once to their respective congrega
tions.
3rd. That Senators and Representatives, in
tills General Assembly, make some effort to
give information, cf this proceeding, to the
ladies of their counties
Prompt action by the ladies, and by the par
ties whose kind aid is invoked above, is earn
estly desired.
The ladies appointed officers of the assoc
iation, have requested me, to present their ob
ject, and plan of operations in this form, to
the public. Ido so with great pleasure, be
lieving that it is a simple aud 1 lucent plan,
which will recommend itself to .the ladies of
Geoigia, who delight in good works, without
personal notoriety.
Chas J. Jenkins.
Shameful Desecration Our Charleston
readers will be filled with just indignation,
when they are informed of a circumstance, re
lated by the News of their old home :
A gentleman visited Magnolia Cemetery
recently, to inspect the sacred resting place of
a dearly beloved child, and whilst standing
over her grave, lest in a mournful reverie of
sad reflection, he was rudeiy awakened by the
tramp of horses’ feet aud perceived a gay and
thoughtless party of male aud female eques
trians rudely riding along, aud causing their
steeds to prance and caper nut only on the
carriage road, but even at times along the very
sides of the holy resting places of tho dead.
If strangers who come amongst us cannot re
spect the living, let them at "least respect the
dead, nor desecrate holy ground by such rude
intrusion. We feel that farther comment is
unnecessary.
Bills have been introduced in the .Wisconsin
Legislature reviving capital ; uuishment.
Daily trains now run between Msbile and
Carlo.
There are fifty four thousand three hundred
and thirty eight dewcliing houses in New
York.
The Barings have taken $2,000,000 of the
Massachusetts five per cent geld bsiring bonds.
AUGUSTA, GA.
WLDSEBUAY MORM.\U.«F.BRtABY 8.
Change of Rates.
The Cheapest Weekly Is
sued in th.i Country,'
THE WEEKLY
Chronicle & Sentinel
Is issued every Wednesday. It will contain
all the latest markets, both foreign and domes
tic, as well as all the current news ol the day
Subscriptions will be received at the annexed
rates:
One copy one year, $ 2
Three copies one year, 5
Five copies one year, 8
Ten copies one year, 15
Any larger number addressed ! to names of
subscribers $1 50 each. An EXTRA COPY
will be sent to any person who will get up a
club of ten names and forward the same.
These rales make the AUGUSTA
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL the
cheapest publication in the country.
How Can They Expect Love ?—From the
manner in which the rstdics.is abuse tbe South
in Congress, we should not he at all surprised
*hey should soon reach the conclusion that tne
people of this section have no souls. They
deny us public faith, private honesty, ordinary
intelligence, and the humanities, virtues and
sympathies common to .all civilized men. They
call ns baibarians and declare that we are not
fit for political association with them. This is
the burden of all thoir speeches, and yet they
appear to think it the strangest thing in the
world that those whom they thus abuse and
viliify do not express the greatest love and ad.
miration for their course.
In attempting to prove that we of the South 4
are net fit for political association with them,
the leadeis of ihe Radicals conclusively shov/ (
by the unmanly means they resort to, that,
they themselves are unworthy of association
with any people possessing the commonest
attributes of manhood.
The South long ago, in good faith resolved
to let by-gones be by-gones, to do all in her
power to heal the lacerations of war, and to
restore former friendly relations. We now find
ourselves checked by the fell spirit of radical
ism. which recklessly tears open the wounds
that were fast healing ; mocks at our earnest
efforts ; irritates us by vituperation and insult;
and sets steadily to work to undo all that the
President has been engaged in doing for the
last nine months.
• These men are committing a crime against
this country. They are trying to divide it into
factions, after it has been kept together by
untold sacrifices ; and, to perpetuate the as
cendency of their party, they have resolved to
break down the pillars of constitutional liber-
We have, as a people, patiently and submis
sively submitted to the discipline to which the
President has seen lit to visit upon 113. And
as men.Jree bom men, wo do and have a right
to complain of the insulting language that is
daily applied to us in the National Halls of
Legislation, and to express our scorn for these
who basely insnit the helpless.
The insane courss of the Northern radicals in
freezing the warm current of kindly feeling
which was beginning to set in from the South
towards the North. Except from base natures
they cannot expect gentleness and love to be
bogotten of reproaches, taunts and buffetings.
“'Men do not gather grapes of thorns, or figs of
thistles,” Nor are they like tho chamomile,
which yields most fragrance when most rudely
trodden upon. The President exhibits much
more good sense, benevolence and knowledge
of human nature. His advice to the North is,
«with open arms and cordial hands to welcome
these States into a participation in the Govern
ment,” and “to trust the South.”
If this advice had been heeded, the country
would already have begun an era of prosperity,
hitherto never known in the history of any
nation.
It is not too late to heed it now. If the in
jurious excitement is kept up much longer in
Congress, it may be.
Taxes, Trade axd Finance— The bill giv
ing the power of convertibility and sale to
Government securities lingers in the Ways aud
Means Committoe under influences obviously
hostile to tho Secretary of the Treasury. Mr. Mc-
Culloch desires just what the speculators do npt
wish,—the eailiest possible resumption of
specie payments. He believes that his plan is
the best, and that the Bill before the Way3
and Means Committee will accomplish this
sooner thau it can be accomplished in any
ether way ; but there are many lions in his
path, and they beset him oa every hand.
Where the enemy cannot thwart him directly
he does so through tho Committees of Con
gress and purchasable public journals. They
charge upon Congress the fact that corn, wheat
and flour do not command more money. If
the Secretary could keep gold up to fifty or
sixty, as he might, they say, if ho tried, then
the immense quantities of wheat now in tho
West could be shipped to Europo with very
great profit to themselves, and as they arid to
the country, by the gold that would b e re
turned.
In other words these producers or holders of
property go before Congress to fight the whole
body of consumers, and wholly careless cf
prices and what becomes of the multitude of
people. They combine to keep produce out of
market as loDg as possible in order to get
fabulous prices for it, and this they can d;.if
united, just so long R3 the business of the
country is transacted upon a paper basis. The
pre.-sure upon the Secretary and Congress,
comes from large holders of moveable property
in New York, and in places like Chicago, Fort
Wayns, St. Louis, and other points West.
These men, being rich and influential cit
izens, operate upon the farmers West, by tel
ling them that the’pr’cc of wheat will fall, if
-pecie payments are resumed. So it will, but
with it will fall the cost of living, the cost of
labor, the cost of clothing, and we trust also, a
heavy fall in present rates of taxation;
Greylcck’s woolen mills. South Adams.
Mass, has been burned. Lo s $200,000. In
surance $25 000.
Ricanstruction—The Views of the Presi
dent.—The Washington correspondent of the
Cincinnati Gazitte, who is a strong sympathizer
with the radical policy, has written a long let
ter to that journal, in which he professes to
Etate accurately the utterances of President
Jjhnaon. on the subject of reconstruction, dur
ing recent interviews between leading Con
gressmen and the President. Careful minutes
of some of these interviews were made at the
time, and he wrote with these before him. ■
la one case he states that several members,
popularly known as Radicals,|eaid to the Presi
sident that if he would be satisfied wi ll con
stitutioual amendments, basing representation
on voters, making all men equal before the
law, excepting the matter of suffrage, repudiat
ing the Confederate war debt,’and guarantee
ing national obligations, they would make an
effort to bring the party in Congress to an ad
justment ot the reconstruction question on that
basis, and would even go to the length of ad
mitting Tennessee in advance of all the other
States and of the general adoption of this pol
icy by the South, if she would individually
agree to thesafamendments.
Without into any serious consid
eration ot their subject-matter, the President
said that he Fad-objections on general grounds
to any constitutional amendments. He had
once been in favor of some himself, and was
on the record in their favor ; but th ese were
changed times, and tho tendency was too
great toward unsetting the foundation of
things. These frequent amendments were
calculated to weaken the force and solemn
eanction of the Constitution, and make its
provisions like tho work of town meetings.
As to any proposition for making the payment
of the Confederate debt unconstitutional, he
considered them unnecessary, and doubted
their propriety. Furthermore, there was gross
inconsistency in the proposed mode of secur
ing these constitutional amendments. They
were to be proposed by a Congress from
which the South was excluded. Then the
Southern States, who were unfit to be repre
sented in Congress, were to bo considered fit
to ratify constitutional amendments. If they
were expected, as States, to act upon the
question of ratifying them, they should be
permitted, through their representatives in
Congress, to act also in proposing them. In
effect, ho did not think it right to demand the
adoption of any constitutional amendment as
a condition cf admitting Southern members to
.Congress, because those States were in now,
entitled to all the rights of States.
Numerous Congressmen have urged upon
the President’s attention a bill making the
rugged issue of general negro suffrage a con
dition-precedent of Southern restoration. To
such suggestions the President has replied that
ho considered the proposed measure simply a
bill for the dissolution of the Union, The
people of the country stood and had stood
upon the position that armed opposition to the
General Government wa3 to be put down,
and the States thereby kept in the Union.
The proposed bill now proposed to turn them
out, and prescribe conditions for their return,
He thought the true course for the Union par
ty to pursue was “ with open arms and cordial
hands” to welcome these States into a partici
pation in the Government. In such coanec •
tions, the President has more than once stated
his own theory of* reconstruction in words
much more explicifthan have found their way
into the public documents. During the war
the 1 ederal Government had in a sense been
overthrown. It was, therefore, the duty of
tbe United States and of the President, during
this time, to do all in their power to secure to
these States republican Government. In fact
these States were entitled to be represented in
Congress all through the war. Indeed, there
was greater reason for their being then repre •
sented than there was at other times. Con
gress had repeatedly dealt with them as States
during the war. Members from Virginia, for
example, were admitted. Direct taxes were
apportioned among them just as among other
States. The Southern States are, ..therefore,
now in the Union. In numerous interviews
the President has stated to different gentle
men, in substantially the same language, his
views concerning the admission of Southern
Congressmen.
In one of the minutes, the Gazette's corres
pondent says he found a memorandum to this
effect :
He—the President—alluded to its being the
prerogative and constitutional duty of each
House to judge of the merits of each claimant s
election by itself. This also was the wise way
of keeping bad men out of Congress, who might
not, through personal disqualification, be en
titled to seats. But it was grossly wrong to
exclude States because of objections to indi
viduals. Each claimant’s case should rest on
and be decided according to his individual
merits.”
Iu the same line of conversation, the Presi
dent said to certain Representatives, that the
South had traveled a great way in a short
time. They had freed the slaves. They had
provided that no future legislation should en
slave them. They had recognized certain civi.
rights of the late slaves, lhev had adopted
the constitutional amendment prohibiting
slavery. Under such circumstances the pnbiic
sentiment of the country would sooner or later
insure their recognition by Congress.
The Gazette’s correspondent adds that,
throughout all these interviews the President's
manner has exhibited no sense of dependence
on Congress, and no feeling of even the slight
est apprehensions as to the result. He con
stantiy refers to “the people” with a manifest
conviction that public sentiment is overwheimt
.ingly bn his side, and that in the event of any
difference between himself and Congress on
these points, the country will be sure to sustain
him.
Toe Internal Revenoe Comml-sion, consist
ing of Messrs. Colwell, Wells, and one other
experienced a»d practical member, appointed
ias t March to inquirejinto the operations of
the present internal revenue laws and propose*
improvements thereon, are now ready to re
port. It is stated that they will advocate a bill
providing for a complete system of internal
taxation.
The views of the Commission are that a
sufficient sum be raised by taxes to meet the
iaterest cn the pnbiic debt, to support th
Government, and to afford a small s.uking
uad for the gradual reduction of the debt.
The sum necessary for ail the above objects
they assume to be about seven hundred and
fifty millions. They do not approve of]a very
large sinking fund, wuereby the reduction of
the debt would be baetened, but at the expense
cf heavy and enormous burdens upon the
people. They do not favor a large increase of
public burdens. The principle upon which
they proceed is that production should be en
couraged, and lelievc <l. as far as possible from
taxation. Thus, while production will be in
creasing in the country, the interest on the
debt will be diminishing in .amount. As pro
auction is augmented, tbe revenue will increase
or the rate of taxes can be lessened.
White Labor. —Patiently have our people j
borne with the saicidal conduct of their late
slaves. There was but few slaveholders in all
the South, who blamed the negroes for their
emancipation. That they were mortified and
provoked is undeniable; for where is the man
who could have been otherwise ? When the
negro, released from bondage"by the Govern
ment, forgot, in his frantic joy, his own inter
est in leaving what would still have been a
comfortable home, his master was not aston
ished. Freedom was an untried thing, and
counselled by tho foolish and the thoughtless,
it3 recipients become so intoxicated with it
that they were utterly unable to view it in its
right light.
With the majority, to do nothing and trust
to Providence, was the rule, and the example
that solved in their minds this great question.
There was in the sudden metamorphosis
wrought iu their status, that which blinds tho
mind’s eye to the events of the future. The
present was all; that which was to come was
lost sight of.
Difficulties do not give way because we shut
our eyes to a knowledge of their existence.
On the other hand, they increase, and become
insurmountable. Thus it' has ever been,
thus it will ever be.
The difficulty that presents itself lo the
negro, is resolved into this : They must work
as they have worked. To do so, or to fill
State prisons or a beggar’s gravo is all that
is left them.
.In the outset we said, we have borne pa
tiently with them, and in saying so, we speak
the truth. Numberless are the instances of
our personal knowledge, where comfortable
homes and good wages have been offered the
Fraodmen to inSuce them to work, but all in
vain. A great majority are faithful for a few
days,, or perchance a few weeks, and there is
the end of it. They cannot conceive how
they, who have just supped so freely from
the cup of liberty, are to be expected to ful
fill contracts entered into, es rigidly as the
white man. How any one can expect them
to give up street promenades and the pleas
ures of an hour or two’s gossip on the corners
and at the pump, is to them incomprehensi
ble. Nay more, such a demand is unauthor
ized, unjust, inadraissable ; consequently,
when they are exhorted upon this subject,
they are at once incensed, and immediately
leave their employor.
Now this state of affairs is insupportable.—
We, who are impoverished by the fortunes of
war, must cast about us for a remedial agency,
And where is it to he found, we are asked ?
In the introduction into our midst of the white
labor system, we reply.
And in this connection we are glad to note
the fact, that our citizens are already alive to
the importance of immediate action in this
matter. Let inducements be held out to im
migrants to come hither, so that labor may
resume its wonted channels of activity.
There are white women and men enough in
the country, who would gladly accept the
homes and the wages which wo know have
been tendered to and refused by negroes.
We have always entertained the opinion that
white labor was by far the cheapest and mos*'
desirable, in cities. Asa general thing a white
woman will accomplish, with less trouble,
more work iu one week than any.two freed
women in the same space of time;
The Cost of Fanaticism to our Country.—
The entire expenses of Great Britain in her
twenty years’ war with Frnnce, where she led
the van and subsidized the rest of Europe,
was but a trifle greater than that expended
the United States Government in four years
of war. President Lincoln’s administration
expended the value of nearly one-third of the
entire property, personal and real, of the
country, as reported in tho census of 1860.
One-third of the entire property of the coun
try consumed in four years !
The total expenditures of all the adminis
trations down to that of Mr. Lincoln, exclu
sive of payments on the public debt, was only
$1,351,526,643, which is $1,648,473,347, less
than the acknowledged debt created since that
date.
Add to this debs the debts of the States,
which are at least three hundred millions, and
we have a total of three billion three hundred
thousand million dollars.
Divide this debt among thirty millions of
people, and it saddles upon every man, woman
and child in the country, white and black, one
hundred and ten dollars each. Bat as not
more than one in ten of the population is a
laborer or producer of wealth, or wbo does not
manage to shift his taxes upon others, it fol
lows that something like one thousand one
hundred dollars falls upon the actual producer,
as a perpetual mortgage upon his land and his
labor, upon which he must pay interest the
remainder of his life and his successors after
him. Eleven hundred dollars is a pretty
heavy mortgage to be placed upon every farm
in the country, and a pretty high price to pay
for the negro philanthropy of the past ten
years. Three thousand three hundred millions
of dollars debt to balance the account with
fanaticism !
It must be recollected that this is only the
amount which fanatics have cost the country
thus far. How much more their foolish and
rabid schemes will cost, time alone can deter
mine.
Let os Encourage Railroad Enterprises.—
The Southern people, impoverished,as they are,
are nevertheless full cf energy and determina
tion to retrieve their fallen fortunes. This en
ergy and determination, if directed in the
proper channels, cannot fail to to fruitful of
valuable results at an earlier period than even
the most sanguine anticipate.
One of these channels, if not the one -first
in importance, is the rebuilding and extension
of our Railroads. They are the creative in
fluences which make the remote places bloom
and blossom, and which quintuple the ener
gies of the whole country. No sacrifice,
therefore, is too great which may be required
to put those influences at work,
a,We have heard it said that the country is too
poor to restore and extend these thoroughfares.
This is a view of the subject. They
are the agencies by which the country will be
soonest lifted out of its poverty. They aro the
prophet’rods which open up the fountains of
prosperity, even in the desert,
Our English Relations. —The English Gov
ernment has published further diplomatic cor
respondence between Mr. Adams and the
British Foreign Secretary. Mr. Adams, on
November 21, notifies the English Government
that its proposals for a joint commission is de
dined by the United States. Earl Clarendon,
the New Foreign Secretary, in a letter of
December 3, desires the discontinuance of the
correspondence concerning the Ameiican
claims, on the ground that "the topic is fully
exhausted. Thus the question of onr claims
on England remain in a state of suspense. j
Immigration [and Capital—How to Win
Bern he Richmond Examiner in comment
ing upon the gifrat advantages to be gained by
tho influx of immigration and capital into tbe
South, and the means by which both may be
induced to come into this section, truly re
marks that immigrants will net trust the profes
sions of the “Immigrant Aid Societies” and
the “Associations for the Encouragement of
Foreign Immigration will capital
reposo implicit confidence in individual guar
antees.
State action and State guarantees aie wanted.
Let the Legislature pass a bill inviting the im
migrant, with ireo transportation over the rail
roads or across the water; and exemption from
all taxation for a certain period on capital and
property, whether real estate or personal. Let
hospital quarters be provided, and the certain
assurance held forth iu the name of the Com
monwealth that the immigrant shall not suffer
by his transfer to our soil, and tbe opening
spring will bring with its buds new life and
growth to the agricultural, manufacturing,
and mining enterprises of Georgia. Oao or
two agents, capacitated by experience, sent
abroad by State authority, could exert a whole
sale influence by a proper and truthful repre
sentation of tho resources of this Common
wealth, and the inducements to immigration.—
Another proper step would be the exemption
from taxation for at least five years of all
mining and manufacturing companies, their
dividends, and property of every kind, so ihat
enterprise may bo lifted from its feet once
more. These suggestions we believe are worthy
of the consideration of Legislators, and we
therefore put them forth in this sjjape before
them.
National Banks. —Washington lettcs say
that a majority of the Committee on National
Banks are decidedly opposed to making iho“'
banking capital $400,000,000. l’he Secretary
m the Treasury maintains that there is no ne
cessity for a further increase at the present
time, but believes that something should b 9
done In order to give the Southern States their
apportionment under the iaw. Both, the Sec
retary of the Treasury and United States
Treasurer Spinner are in fa vor of legislation
which allow any bank, with consent of the di
rectors, to remove to any other State or locali
ty. If adopted by Congress, this will allow
any national b?nk, whose business is not re
munerative, to go to other sections of the
country.
Outside of the Committee we have following
“report: “The Comptroller of the Currency
“Hon. Freeman Ciarke, adhers J,o the recom
“meudatiou in his report of one hundred mii
“lions, based upon the retiring of a like
“amountof legal-tender.”
Another report says that Mr. McCulloch
“might perhaps consent to an increeseof $25,
“000,000 for the Southern States.”
Manufacturing at the South —Many cf the
Southern States are embarking in manufacture
ing enterprises which promise speedily to de
velops and put into full operation the unriv
alled resources that they enjoy. The causes
which have hitherto regarded the Gulf States
in manufacturing their own principal staple
cotton- —have , been removed ; factories are
everywhere springing np, machinery being
provided, and skilled operatives imported.—
Every Southern State is furnished with water
power in abundance ; the only thing necessary
to complete success fs capital, and that is ex
hibiting its willingness to migrate thither, so
and ; will under proper State Legislation ; so
that under the new system of free labor tbe
of New England may soon ex
counter formidable rivals in the South.
Where is the Justice?— Virginia has passed
a vagrant act. In it were some clause a copied
verbatim from,the*law of Pennsylvania on the
same subject. And yet, on account of these
very clauses, the act of Virginia has been set
aside—declared nullified by Gen. Terry, the
military commander of that District. If there
is any justice, or evsn the least show of fairness
in Buch proceedings, we are unable to see it.
Cannot Virginia, bo permitted to have the same
laws on her statute books as Pennsylvania ?
If not, why not? Is the South to bo compelled
to allow vagrancy in her midst to go unpunish
ed? If so this section of the world will be a
grand elyseum of thieves. No Southern State
should be forced to be more lenient to vagrants
than a State at the North.
The University of Georgia re-open January
3, after a suspension of more than two
years. There are now in the four College
classes sixty-three students, and candidates are
still arriving. A full Faculty is present and
all concerned aro enthusiastically at work.
This University should receive a most cor
dial support from every Georgian. It is our
University, and every exertion Bhould be
made to have it fully equal, if not superior to
any in the land.
Feeling . A number ot Pennsylvanians, in
cluding seven members of Congress, had an
interview with President Johnson, on the even,
ing of the 25th.
In the course of the conversation which took
place, the President reiterated his opinion that
Congress should admit the Southern States to
representation. He thought the passage of
the negro suffrage bill untimely, but refrained
from any intimation as to how he would act
upon it.
A New Dodge. —Nearly every day Washing
ton letter writers have some tale of bloody fin
gers, andwooly scalps, and which have been
leceived by radical Congressmen from some
unkuo quarters.
• This is thelast dodge out. The negro wor
shippers desire to keep up the excitement in
the public mind, in some way. Hence, news
paper readers will have horrible tales served up
to them in every conceivable shape.
A Goon Law.— ln Missouri the owner Os
every dog has to pay a tafof three dollars per
head—or the animal is confiscated and put out
of the way by a summary process.
A law of this kind would have a good effect
in Georgia. Thousands, yes, tens of thousands
of worthless curs would ba killed off, and
those iu our midst disposed to engage in sheep
raising would have some tort of a showing.
The State Road —Letter-writers think it
will be difficult to get the right kind of a man
to accept the office of superintendent of the
State Railroad for the saiarj— which ia only
$3,000. Tho Governor’s hands are tied in the
mitter, as the Legislates fixes tho amount to
be paid. If matters are as represented, the
salary should be increased. Ihe “penny wise
and pound foolish policy” in regard to such
great interests, ought not to be adopted.
The latest mystery in Chicago is the discov
ery of two human arms, wrapped up in a
mosquito bar, on the railroad track, under the
State street bridge. They were the arms of a
fall grown man, severed near the shoulders
The Fire in Hamburo. —The four buildings
destroyed iu Hamburg on Monday morning,
Wf>re owned by* Messrs. Marshall, Spicer and
iHaqjmonds. Nearly all the entire contents
of the buildings were destroyed. They were
all occupied as dwellings. The loss is quiffi
heavy on some of the occupants, all
they had was burned. The fire has undoubt -
edly tho work of an incendiary.
Wo are informed that there was not much
if any insurance on the building or content--.
It is rumored that a couple of negroes, who
were sick with the small pox. were burned in
one of the rear buildings. For tho truth cf
this rumor, we cannot vouch.
The Mills House, Charleston.— We are i: *
formed by several gentlemen who have recent
ly visited Charleston, that the Mills House,
under its present able management, has become
one of tho most popular hotels in the country.
The House is kept in the best of style. It is
the aim of the proprietor to make it a first claps
hotel in every respect. No pains are spared;
no attention wanting; everything the season
affords is upon its tables. To all who visit
Charleston, either upon pleasure or profit, we
say call at the Mills House.
Augusta and Savannah Railroad, —This
road is now finished. Two trains a day will
run between the two cities hereafter. They
wHI leave Augusta at 9 30 A. M., and 8 15
P. M.—arriving in Savannah at 7, P. M , and
6 35, A. M. They will leave Savannah at
7 30, A. M., and 7 30, P. M., and arrive iu
Augusta at SP. M,, and 5 45., A. 14. The
far between the two places will bo eight
dollars.
Reduction of Fare. —The prices of passage
botween Savannah and New York on the
steamship Saa Salvador, B. 11. Hardee, Agent,
have been placed at S3O for cabin, $lO for
deck and sls for steerage passengers.
The Right Use.—We notice that tho chain
gang is busy in cleaning up our streets. That
Is the right to work put this clas3 of vagrants
at. They can be made of service this way, and
be kept out of mischief also.
The Nlw Freedman’s Bureau Bill.—A
Washington correspondent of the Charleston
Courier gives the annexed synopsis of the new
Freedman’s Bureau Bill just passed by the Sen
ate.
See. 1 That the act to establish a Bureau for
the relief of Freedmen aud Refugees, approv
ed March 3, 1865,5ha1l continue in force until
otherwise provided by law, and shall extend
to refugees and freedmen in all parts of the
United States, and the President may divide
the Section of country containing such refugees
and freedmen into districts, each containing
one or more States, not to exceed twelve in
number, and by aud with the advice and con
sent of the Senate, appoint an Assistant Com
missioner for each of said districts, who shall
givo like bond, receive the same compensation,
and perform the same duties prescribed by this
act and tho act to which this is an amendment,
or the said Bureau may, in the discretion ot
theJPresident, ,be placed under a Commissioner
and Assistant Commissioner, to be detailed
from the army, in which event such officers so
assigned to duty, shail serve without increase
of pay or allowances.
w “Beo, 2 provides for ths division of districts
into sub-districts (and the appointment ot
clerks, and authorizes the President of the
United States to extend military jurisdiction
and protection over all employees, agents, and
other tiflicers in tbe exercise of the duties au
thorized or imposed upon them by this act.
“Sec. 3 authorizes the Secretary of War to
issue provisions, fuel,clothing, etc., for refu
gees and freedmen. f
“Seo. 4 authorizes the President to reservo
from sale or from settlement under the home
stead or pre-emption laws, and to set apart for
the use of freedmen and loyal refugees, male or
female, unoccupied public lands in Florida,
Alabama, Louisiana, Mi s'.ssippi and Arkansas,
not exceeding in all thrjsu millions of acres of
good land ; and the Commissioner, under tho
direction ot the President, shall cause the same
from time to time to be allotted and assigned
iu parcels not exceeding fifty acres each to the
loyal refugees and freedmen, who shall be pro
tected n the use and enjoyment thereof, for
such term of time and at such annual rent, as
may be agreed on between the Commissioner
and such refugees or freedmen. The rental
shall be based upon a valuation of the land, to
be ascertained in such a manner as the Com
sioner may, under the direction of the Presi
dent, by regulation prescribe. At ths end of
such term, or sooner, if the Commissioner shall
assent thereto, the occupants of any parcels so
assigned may purchase the land and receive a
title and thereto from tho United States, iu fee, up •
on paying therefor tho'value of the land ascer
tained as aforesaid.
“Sec. 5. That tbe possessory titles granted
in pursuance of Major General Sherman’s spe
cial field order, dated at Savannah, January
16, 1865, are hereby confirmed and made valid
for the space of three years.
“Seo. 6. That the Commissioner shall, un
der the direction of the President, procure in
the name of the United States, by grant o f
puichase, such lands within the districts af' jre ;
said as may be required for refugees aud f reo( j!
men dependent on the Government f or sup
port; and he shall provide, or cause ' 0 l)3 bu j;t
suitable asylums or schools. But n0 EUC h pur
chase shall be made nor com pa' r Qr t ] JO R !^" 0
entered into, nor other_ until
after appropriation shall ha* /0 beea prov pi e d
by Congress for the genor^ l geß of th!l ,
act, out of which payin' jnt for Ha , d landg B hall
be made; and the *\orntEi3Blonßr shall Cause
such lands,_ from time to time, to be valued,
allotted, assigned and ao j d ; n mannor a rsd
form provided > a the fourth section ot this act;
provided alw that the said lands shall not
t-? .f°!t! 0r less than the cost thereof to the
United States.
• ec .lT • Where rights of labor, of contract, of
inheritance, of property, the equal benefit of
lawß, security of person, &c, are denied to
freudmen, the President shall extend military
jurisdiction and jurisprudence for their protec
tion.
Sec. Whoever subjects any freedmau to
Slavery or involuntary servitude except as
punishment for crime, or discriminates be
tween white and black in penalties, shall be
punished by fine of SI,OOO and one year’s im
prisonment. Officers of the Bureau to have ju
risdiction of all complaints, so long as and
wherever such discrimination ou account of
color continues, and wherever United States
Courts are not in full and peaceful operation
“Section 9 repeals all acts inconsistent with
the provisions of this.”
Senator Sanlsbury declared, in a speech
against the bill, tbat ft wftl eost $991,000,000
From Red River Country. —A letter from tbe
Red River Country contains the annexed infor
mation :
“The river men think tho cotton mostly out
of Red River from Shreveport dowD. Above the
raft there is supposed to be yet a considerable
quantity, as the river has been too low to ad
mit of shipping ; while at Shreveport there is
thougj^ to be some eight or nine thousand
bales. The Cuba just arrived, had six hundred
odd bales, which are to be transferred to the
Navigator for shipment to New Orleans. The
river is rising here, and is reported to have
risen several feet further up. A3 yet there are
no indications that the rise will be sufficient to
put the river in good boating order, or that
the present riae will last any length of time.
There is now scant four feet on tho Falls.
Freight from Shreveport to New Orleans sls
per bale.”
“From what I can learn, there will be fair
crops raised on the Lower Rid River this
season. A large extent of country is liable to
overflow, and as jet few of the negroes have
shov. n a disposition to work, least of all, to
enter into an engagement for any length of
time. Under these circumstances, plani.rs aro
naturally disinclined to risk what they have
left, and so will rest on their oars for a liaa >.
Some propose to go into stock raisin ?. There
is a scarcity of good cotton seed, even for
what planting will be done.”