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OLD SERIES. VOL. LXXVI.
(CUvomclc & Sentinel.
HKMtV MOORS,
A. It. AVItH.ItT.
TEtt.II- OF -5 BSViUPTIOX.
'« month, ' Vf j J,
1 year.. S CO
AK.I SIA, <4.V :
WK'I.VKSBAV MOR.M.VC, JANEART 30.
Criminal Trials.
There can he no doubt upon the inind of
any one at all conversant with the pro
ceedings of our courts in the trial of par
ti; •meused of crime, that such trials are
often, but the broadest farces or solemn
mockeries of the principles of justice. The
wonder in this State has ceased to he that
: o many criminals escape punishment, and
it. now is, that any one should be convicted
by a jury under our present sytsem.
V* e knowthat.it i- thefa hionnow-a-days
to blame the juries before whom these
ca-e are tried, fir the failure to convict,
While we admit there are, doubtless, ,
many cases which are properly made out,
where the jury from bias or prejudice, or
under the influence of improper motives,
fail to perform their duty, yet the fault
doe not lie exclusively at their dooj.
of our.;: 1...
minds must be brought to this certainty
beyond a reasonable doubt, by the evidence
which i laid before them. For, however
certain they may feel in their own minds
as to the guilt of the accused, they are
sworn to give a verdict in accordance with 4
the law and the testimony aduccd to them.
If a juryman were authorized or permitted
to make up his mind from impressions or
rumors received outside the jury box, there
would be no safety for human life or prop
erty in the community. The fault is not
with the rule of law which requires this
high degree of certainty of guilt before con
viction, hut lies at the door of the Legisla
ture, which fails to provide the Lst legal
talent of the State in its prosecuting offi
cers.
Everybody knows that under the pres
ent niggardly spirit which controls legisla
tion on this question, none hut the younger
members of the bar—those who are with
out distinction or experience in their pro
fi'.sion will hold the appointment of
States counsel or prosecuting officer.
Those who do consent to accept these
offices do so with the view to an introduc
tion to the people of the Circuit, in
almost every case determined to retire as
soon as that object is accomplished. The
State expects her counsel to go around the
circuit, twice a year, paying their hotel and
traveling expenses, for the pitiful sum of
two hundred and fifty dollars, and such
odd- and ends in the way of costs and fines
a • they may be able to pick up.
Is it to be wondered at, that only the
young and inexperienced are willing to per
torm this duty when the remuneration is
s i totally inadequate?
It is a notorious fact,' that a party ac
cused of crime, and particularly those
classes of crimes the conviction for which
would forfeit life or subject the offender to
conli;] -incut in the State Prison, always
retains the ablest counsel at the bar. They
spend their money freely in getting up the
evidence in their cases, and preparing for
trial. 11 there be counsel present, who aro
suppo-md from their character and position
to have influence in the community, they j
are added to the array of the accused’s at- j
torneys. No stone is loft unturned, no in
fluence neglected, no fact unnoticed which |
might aid the defence, and tend to secure a J
verdict of acquittal. Jury lists are can- j
vassed, and the various influences which j
are supposed to control tho panel are re-|
sorted to in order to ascertain (ho exact
status of each man unit, All this and
much more is done by the accused and
their friends. While the interests of so
ciety and the majesty of the law aro left
un uppnrted and unaided in the hands of
y.mng and necessarily, to some extent, in
competent prosecuting officers.
The effect of such a system is too plainly
felt in the administration of our criinina
laws. Parties are acquitted almost daily
in our courts who are known to be guilty.
Vet the juries acting under the solemnity
of their oaths arc bound to acquit, because
the State fails to bring out the whole of the
facts in support of the prosecution.
We know that in some —perhaps in
many eases —the failure to convict lies in
the inherent defects of the jury system.
We have no doubt that some criminals
e.-.e.ipe through perjured witnesses and
dishonest juries. Vet these eases are few,
when compared with the large number
who are daily discharged through the
defects which we have already pointed out.
We had a painful illustration of the
injury done to society, by the defects we
have just alluded to, which occurred in
the Superior Court of this county last
week. Two freeduien were put upon their
trial for the murder of young Edgar Car
michael on the 25th December, 1865. The
State was represented by the Solicitor
General, Whitehead alone, while for the
defense appeared Hon. A. IT. Stephens,
Judge U. W. Hilliard and Judge Linton
Stephens. Without pretending to dis
parage the merit of Capt. Whitehead, the
Solicitor General, (for we know him to bo
k gentleman of good intellect and tair legal
ability for one of his age and experience.)
vo mus; -ay that the cause of the State
was not on an equality with that of the
prisoners. The consequence was as might
have been expected; the prisoner first
put on his trial was acquitted. In a
i’e.v hours after bis acquittal, he ae
knowlc iged "that he was pre.-ent aiding
and assisting in the murder—that he
knew he could not be tried again
—ln' bad been raised by good lawyers, and
that he knew something about law him
self." In this way did the red-handed
murderer exult in his guilt and acquittal.
His confederate was then placed on trial,
when the -nine solemn farce was enacted
and the case submitted to the jury. This
jury failed to agree, and were discharged
this n. irnii c, after having been looked up
since Thursday night- last. And thus, tor
the present, at least, this horrible outrage
goes unwhipped of justice.
The l. gislature should increase the
salaries of not only its Solicitor Generals,
but its Judges also, if the State would
have the services of the best legal talent
in tin -c ;, -miens. Good lawyers can make
three and four-fold as much by their pri
vate practice as is now given by the State,
and few of that class-are able, pecuniarily,
to become Judges atnl^solicitors.
Negro Suffrage at the South.
General Grant says if he was in Illinois
bo would vote against negro suffrage ; if
lie was in the South he would vote for it.
His argument is, that in the South the
black vote would be controlled by the em
ployer. The object of the Southern States,
however, is not to secure an increased
number of votes, but to preserve the worth
and purity of the ballot-box. It is not lie
cause the negro’s vote would be cast
against the interests of the section or the
wishes of the whites, but because it would
introduce into the exercise of the franchise
a large and dangerous number of ignorant
voters, controlled by base motives. If they
were few. their voting would have a less
corrupting influence ; but as they are
many, it would vitiate the system. For
I his reason, we think General Grant more
politic than patriotic, and if there is any
difference, it should be in favor of allowing
the blacks to vote where they could do
least harm. So says the Louisrille Jour-
Hlk
. , - '_ ,
Commercial Manures.
'Since the abolishment of slavery and
rtie consequent jp-t of slave labor, the
Southern printer has l en forced to look
j to the improvement of his soil with more
care and forethought, than was formerly
j given to this subject. There' can be no
question now, that the true policy of the
planter consi.-ts in diminishing the. area
, formerly planted for a given result, and
■ the resort to the us- of fertilizers for the
I purpose of raipirigTrodb the smaller num
j her of acres planted, crops 4s large as were
| formerly grown on a greater number. The
i experience of the past two y#trs has shown
that the present labour of the country is
l not much more than half as efficient as
j formerly. We mu.-.t adopt a system then,
by which wc can get from half the usual
number of acres, equal or better crops than
were formerly grown on the old plan of
large planting. If the cotton planter can
succeed in raising l as much cotton from one
hundred acres as be formerly got from two
hundred, and the negroes should continue
to work a.-, effectually as they now do, our
fagricultural interests may recover some
what from the depressed and unprofitable
condition in which they have been placed
by the results of emancipation.
This question, we admit, is yet to be
solved. .Some experiments looking to
these results were made, last yyar, but. the
inefficient plow fftock, and insufficient sup-'
plies of provisions conspired to make these*
experiments anything hut satisfactory.
We know of several planters whose crop of
cotton was not sufficient to pay for the
fertilizers which were used. It i true
that they continued the old plan of spread
ing their crops over a large area, and their
failure is somewhat attributable to this
fact. Gut there were a great many who
tried, on a small scale, the system of con
tracting the area and manuring highly the
portion kept in cultivation, and nearly or
quite all of them from whom we have any
information succeeded comparatively bet
ter than those who stuck to tho old large
crop plan.
As far as wc have been able to hear, the
small crop system will ho generally adopt
ed the present year. To make it success
ful the lands must be highly fertilized and
thoroughly cultivated. In looking to the
first wc shall be compelled to seek for fer
tilizers, to a great extent, at least, among
the different commercial manures which
are now offered in the market, and select
from them such as have been thoroughly
tested and proved to be reliable. Some of
them have been tried for years and have
given such results as to leave no doubt of
their value. But there arc quite a num
ber now on the market in the South, which
our planters would buzzard much in
purchasing to any great extent. Some of'
them may be very good and come up to
the degree of merit which is claimed for
them—this wo do not deny. But wo ad
vise that in the present low state of their
finances, Southern planters should not risk
a failure of the coming crop by relying up
on a commercial manure which is not
known to be what it is represented. Tho
truth is, that within tho last two years a
large number of persons have engaged at
the North in the manufacture of commer
cial manures especially for the Southern
market. They know that the laws of
none of the cotton States require a rigid
inspection and analysis of the so-called
manures which are put upon the market
here, and hence all they have to do is to
get up a certificate (bogus or otherwise it
don’t matter much) ofan analysis made in
some Northern city, and a few letters from
pretended planters who claim to have tried
the article —advertise freely and the thing
sells readily for a season or two. By the
time the fraud is detected their fortunes
are made, and they retire from the busi
ness, or else another fertilizer is introduced
under anew name and the thing runs
through the same process of puffing, ex
periment and failure.
The facilities for adulterating even those
fertilizers which arc known to be valuable
aro so groat and the chance of detection so
remote that planters should endeavor to
purchase from first hands, or at least only
from such agents at the South whose char
acter alone will give them a sufficient
guarantee that they cannot be made either
the tools or dupes of the dishonest North
ern adulterators.
Then again certain parties at the South
pretend to sell by the ten when they only
give two thousand pounds. By this means
the planter is made to lose over ten per
cent upon his purchase. This trade has
managed to substitute what they gracious
ly call the short ton for the regular ton of
commerce, and if complaint is made by the
planter that the weight of his fertilizers do
not hold out ho is simply imformed that
they sell by the short ton. In this way
alone large sums have been made out of
the Southern people by dealers in Peruvian
Guano who buy by the long tun and sell by
short.
In every ease the planter should insist,
in the absence of any express law on the
subject, upon receiving the long or true
ton. No contract should be made unless
this stipulation is expressly mentioned, for
in its absence the short ton will be put on
them as a “custom of the trade.
We very much doubt the propriety of
any Southern planter purchasing a manip
ulated manure. It the parties who ma
nipulate are ever so honest in the com
bination of the fertilizing elements, they
will certainly charge a large profit for their
labor in producing the compound. The
planter can cm his'own plantation, make the
combinations necessary for his soil quite as
well as the regular manufacturer, and he
thereby saves at least from 15 to 25 per
| cent, in the cost of tho article. But the
great danger to be apprehended is the
; adulteration of the article offered, and from
which, as we tru e seen, tbe planter has no
protection. Much of the stuff sold in the
South as manipulated fertilizers is nothing
but a very small per coinage of Peruvian
guano, which is used principally to give
the compound its odor, in combination with
ml dirt which is of no value whatever,
lienee when such fertilizers are used fail
ure of the crop is certain to follow; and
this is one of theehief reasons why so many
of our planter- have been reluctant to use
commercial manure to any extent.
The Legislature at its last session should
have taken this question into considera
tion, and passed a law requiring all dealer
in artificial manures in the State to sub
mit samples of every article offered to
some competent chemist, to be selected by
the Inferior Courts of the county in which
the article is offered for sale, and whose
duty it should be to put a mark or brand
upon each barrel or package offered, giving
the results of bis analysis. This law should
j also contain a provision for the punishment
I of any party who should offer in the mar
; keta fertilizer without the chemists' in
spection, or which should fail to conform
'■ to the standard given it by the analysis.
In the absence of such a law the planter
; is wholly in the power of the dishonest
! dealer. To avoid the danger of being im
: posed upon in his purchases for this years'
j crop, the best thing he can do is to deal
j with no one but a resident and reputable
i merchant.
M : shall not undertake to say which are
the best fertilizers which arc now offered in
the Southern markets. This we can say
from experience and observation, that for
j all soils ginuine No. 1 Peruvian Guano is
the best fertilizer which we have ever
; seen. Last season, anew fertilizer, under
the name of “Baughs raw bone super
phosphate, produced very good results.
Next to Peruvian Guano it is the best
i fertilizer of which we have any practical
i knowledge.
Planters who tried any of the Commer
cial Manures last year would confer a great
benefit upon their fellow planters and the
State generally by giving publicity to the
results of their different experiments. We
especially invite from all who have used
artificial manure to give to us, so that we
can communicate to the public, the kind,
quantity, "manner, [of application, and
character of soil on which it was applied,
with the returns which it produced.
Such information, if given now, in time
to be taken advantage of for the present
crop, will aid very much those who have
no experience in their use, and who con
template trying them this year.
L-JT We publish with pleasure the com
munication of our esteemed correspondent,
“D. E. 8.,” on the subject of the Geor
gia Railroad Stock. We know him to be
a man of integrity and discernment, and
the subject is one of vast interest to the
people of this section of Georgia. Having
reviewed the last reports of this company,
which then, in our judgment, compared
favorably with any other road that suf
fered by the active operations of war, we
are led to recur to them. A single thought
occurs which we venture to suggest to
him. A reference to the “ fossiljlerous
■ urplus” will disclose the fact tfiat it is
invested in bonds and atncl-a. .An esrthii
jjatioynjl.class.,seggiities as. Amh
fie, and-estimating them at market vaTue!
discloses a relative greater depreciation.
Why is this? Clearly, in our opiniob, it
is the action of the Radical Cengiess,
which, by agitation, destroys confidence
and prevents their being sought as invest
inents by Northern capital. However, we
dtd not propose to enter into a discussion,
and only make this suggestion; and it
occurred to us that perhaps our corres
pondent had overlooked it, from the nature
of one of his questions.
Important law.
It will be seen by reference to the act
which wc publish to-day, in another col
umn of this paper, that the Legislature at
its last session, made ample .provision for
tho thorough education of all the indigent
youths of the State under thirty years of'
age who were maimed during the war.
The Legislature provided, as we think
wisely, for the board, clothing, and sup
port of these beneficaries while they are
being educated, but we also think that the
limit placed on the amount thus appropria
ted for each scholar, entirely too small. We
doubt whether three hundred dollars will
be accepted by either of the colleges named
'in the bill as a fair equivalent for their
services and expenditures. However this
may be, wo think that all the institutions
included in the act, should take action on
the matter at once, and let the public
know upon what these poor boys must de
pend. We think that if they would de
cide at once to receive all the pupils which
should offer under tho provisions of the
aw, and during the term keep an accurate
account of the necessary expenditures
made for each, that the next Legislature
would increase the appropriation so as to
cover all actual and necessary expenses.
Which will be first in makingthis impor
tant announcement.
■—ra» -*s emtmm
The Post Office Award.
The recint award of the Post-master of
Augusta, for the publication of the list of
letters remaining in the Post Office in
Augusta was.not in our favor. But the
returns showed that the Chronicle Sen
tinel had the largest cirlculation, based
upon a bona fide subscription list, of any
paper published in this city, according to
our reading. We think that the Chronicle
& Sentinel was entiled, under the laws, to ;
the award. The Post-master, however,
has decided, subject to appeal, that the
publication should be given to that paper
which has the largest circulation, with
out reference to the character of that
circulation —whether it be gratuitous or
based upon subscription. In Savannah,
the award was made to the paper having
the largest circulation based upon sub
scription, and we think the department
would decide that the award in Augusta
should be made on the same grounds. Be
that as it may, we offer the Chronicle as an
advertising medium to the public, as hav
ing the largest circulation, based upon
bona fide subscription of any paper pub
lished in the city of Augusta.
Daniel Webster’s Prediction.
The following extract from a speech made
several years before his death by the great
“expounder,” will be read with interest just ■
now, when’the action of the “infernal fanat
ics and abolitionists’ ’ is so fully verifying
the prophetic forecast of this wonderful
man :
“If those infernal fanatics and abolition
ists over got the power in their hands, they
will override the Constitution, set the .Su
preme Court at delianee, change and make
laws to suiMffiemselves, lay violent bunds
on those who differ with them in opinion
and da re question their infallibility, and li
mply bankrupt the country and deluge it
in blood.”
It is true that it has been recently dis
covered in Massachusetts that Webster
was “a man of no wisdom, without re
ligion, and treacherous to his friends,”
yet wc believe that a large majority of the
American people North and South are
still firm believers in the purity of his life,
the grandeur of his intellect, and the wis
dom of his counsels.
The Powers of the President.
‘‘ln the exercise of his political powers,
he is to use his own discretion, and is ac
countable only to his country, and to his
own conscience. His decision in relation
to these powers is subject to no control;
and his discretion, when exercised, is
c< nclusive.” Story’s Com. on ttu <\ -: -
tut ion.
But a few years ago, the opinion of the
learned Story would have been received in
every judicial tribunal in this broad laud as
the very best authority upon constitutional
law. Now, we find that there are thou
sands of Radical lawyers who aro able to
prove that this great jurist was a “fool and
a charlatan.” “utterly ignorant of those
groat principles which underlie representa
tive government.”
Corrox Culture in Virginia.— We
copy the following from the Richmond
Whig’ Cotton culture is beginning to re
ceive considerable attention in Virginia,
and already has presented promise of a
great success. Among those who 2have
turned their attention to it are Edmund
Ruffin, of Ilanovor, who, without the aid
of auy fertilizer, has gathered from twenty
one acres eleven bales, which is a very nue
yield indeed. The Messrs. Harwell, of
Turkey Island, on the James River, have
madeforty bales the past year from one
hundred and thirty acres, and this not
withstanding they acknowledge that they
have made many mistakes in the culti
vation of the crop, first by giving the
plants nearly twice the proper {distance,
and. secondly, by not thining it out to one
stalk in time. Our farmers should take
encouragement from”those successful ex
amples.
Tlie Sugar Plantations of Lou
isiana. —Sugar plantations are in the mar
ket now at unusually cheap rates. One,
situated about forty-eight miles above
New Orleans, containing thirteen hundred
and fifty-nine arpents, with line, com
modious dwelling house, built of brick,
and improvements, an extensive brick
-ugar house with machinery complete,
cabins for eighty laborers, was iately
sold for §32,000. Terms, one-fourth cash ;
balance, two and three years. This estate
made in 18,7.1, an average season, two hun
dred and fifty hogsheads of sugar. Before
| the war, this plantation, with tho negroes
’ attached, was valued at $150,000. It is not
an extreme case. A New Orleans paper
say> that it will require about twenty-five
millions of dollars in the way of loans to
replace the losses sustained by the sugar
! planting interest of Louisiana and 10 place
the several hundred plantations in good
I working condition.. Even then the scarcity
I of labor will present serious discourage-
I meat.
AUGUSTA, (tA., WEDNEsj )AY MORNING,JANUARY 30, 1867.
What the Arkansas Delegation Say—-
1 Congress, the President and General
Grant.
Ti e gentlemen from Arkansas, Hon.
It. S. Gnatt, and others, who spent some
weeks in Washington, by instruction of
their Legislature, for the purpose of con
ferring with the heads of the GoVernittent
and the leaders of parties, arrived in
Louisville last Friday on their way home.
The editor of the Louisville Journal had a
conversation with these gentlemen, who
were unreserved on all questions, and gives
to his reader.-, the following summing up
of what they said:
“ They do not wholly give up Congress
as lost to all sense, justice, patriotism and
decency, and belieye that the impeach
ment scheme will ultimately be-abandoned
or overwhelmingly defeated. They dis
covered that ijtevens-republicanismitwas'a
malady confined to a minority of the North
ern representation, and that letters and
remonstrances by the thousand were pour
ing in daily upon members frotq all harts
of the North,.protesting against fihe kn
•peachmerit as unwise, revolutionary, and
calculated, if carried out, to produce civil
discord arttl internecine strife.”
They found the President firm in his
determination to see fliat equal and exact
j usticp be meted out to each and every
State of the Union —the adamantine resolu
tion of a grand and granite man —while,
his constitutional advisers are equally fa m
in the poseessioMthey have taken as to the
true-meaning of their obik»tigM ; -.V3sklL
minimi rights.
“The delegation also met, at the dinner
table of Secretary Seward, with. General
Grant, who, as usual was very reticent in
political matters, frankly stating to them
that he knew nothing of political affairs,
and was wholly ignorant of the sophistries,
twistings, and turnings of politicians.
Regarding the constitutional amendment,
the General declined to express any
opinion as to its justice, constitutionality,
or expediency, but said he would Ike lor
at least one Southern States to adept it,
as an experiment, to sec if their Senators
and Representatives would he admitted to
their seats in Congress—at the same time
expressing the opinion that they would bo
admitted. lie also stated that, at the com
mencement of Congress, he urged upon
prominent members, if they intended to
make the adoption, upon the part of the
Southern States, of the amendment, the
condition precedent to re-admission, they
ought to pass a resolution to that effect,
solemnly pledging Congress to receive the
Senators and Representatives into that
body. If they did not take some such
step, they could not expect the Southern
pdople to take a step that might be pre
liminary to others that would lead them
they knew not where. On the negro suf
frage question he was more decided, sta
ting that he believed that was a question
that should be left wholly and entirely with
the people of tho several Slates; that Con
gress, in his opinion, had no right to inter,
sere in that matter; and emphatically de
clared that if the question came up in Illi
nois, and he was there to vote, he would
certainly vote against it. But, he said,
smiling at the time, if he were in one of the
Southern States he believed he would vote
for it, for lie was*satisfied he could march
the negroes up to the polls and vote as he
pleased, and would thus be gaining instead
of losing political power.
An Act to educate the indigent maimed
soldiers of Georgia, and to provide the
necessary means fur the same.
Whereas. It is a matter of primary
importance that Georgia should have
native educated teachers for tho instruc
tion of the children of the State ; and
whereas, there are many indigent mained
soldiers in tho State, under thirty years,
who, by reason of the loss of limbs, are
deprived of the ability to perform physical
labor, And, whereas, it is a holy and
patriotic duty to provide, in the best man
ner possible, for those unfortunate patriots;
for remedy whereof,
SECTION I. Be it enacted by Cue Gen
eral Assembly of the State of Georgia,
That all indigent maimed soldiers of the
State of Georgia, under tho age. of thirty
years old, be educated at the University of
the State of Georgia, .at the. fiercer.
University, at Emory College, at Ogle
thorpe University and at Bowdon College,
free of charge for tuition, books, board and
clothing .until tho completion of their
collegiate term.
Sec. 11. Be it further enacted, That
upon the application, accompanied with
proper vouchers, of any indigent maimed
soldier, that lie is of the class above speci
fied, to the Trustees of said Univetities
and Colleges, they shall forthwith receive
him into said Institution," and give him all
the benefits of the same upon the appli
cant entering into a written obligation up
on his honor to teach wheii he shall have
completed his collegiate course, the same
number of years in Georgia he may have
been in said Universities or Colleges.
Section 111. Be it further enacted ,
That for the purpose of effectually ..carry
ing into efficient operation the provisions
of this Act, that His Excellency the Gov
ernor be, and he is hereby authorized,
should there not be funds provided for the
same in the Treasury, to issue to the
Trustees of said Universities and Colleges
the bonds of the State, payable at such
times and in such manner as he may deem
best, to an amount sufficient to accomplish
and carry into effectual operation the pro
visions of this Act ; prodded, the State
will not pay more than three hundred dol
-1 ars per annum for each beneficiary under
this Act.
Approved IStli December, 1566.
The following tables, which arc obtained
from an official source, will show the dis
tribution of the national banking capital
and circulation to the Ist of December;
Statement showing the number of national
banks located in the seven Eastern States,
together with their authorized capital and
circulation:
Number Capital
States. of Banks. Paid in. Circula'n.
Massachusetts 207 $79,932,000 §50,738,300
New York 308 116,207,911 75,070,300
Rhode Island 02 20,361,800 12,309,850
Maine 01 9,085,000 7,451,820
New Hampshire.. 39 4.715,128 4,121,253
Vermont 39 6,310,012 5,676,800
Connecticut 82 24,584,210 17,177,450
Total 7955261,250,0913179,508,013
Pennsylvania 201 49,200,765 38,099,640
Total 999§310,459, 5565217,607,653
Statement showing the number of nationnl
banks located in the following named
States, together with the authorised capital
and circulation of each :
Number Capital
States. of Banks. Paid in. Circula’n.
Ohio 135 §21,894,700 §18,375,230
Illinois 82 11,570,000 9,118,415
Indiana 71 12,857,000 10.88-8,280
Michigan 42 4,985,010 3,778,!
lowa 45 3,697,000 3.201,395
Wisconsin 37 2,935,000 2,512,,00
Minnesota I* 1.060,000 1, 4.84,000
Missouri 15 4,079,0(i0 2,712,490
Kansas..- 4 325,000 269,000
Total 446 §63,922,710 §51,073,650
All other States
and Territories 0 862,588 22 37.142,1
Grand total 1.647 §417,245,1545292,1151,753
The South Carolina Railroad.—
This old corporation does not show any
sigus of age, but the new year has dawned
upon increased activity and progress.
The damage done during the war. and by
neglect, has-been in a great measure re
. paired, and the signs of the times indi
cate an onward march that will soon
place the road in its primitive condition.
Freight is being rapidly conveyed to even
point in the State, and the forwarding busi
ness has become one of considerable im
portance.
These supplies consist principally of corn
and guano, which articles have been
bought largely by the planters of the in
terior ; the scarcity of provisions, conse
quent on the failure of the crop, created a
demand that has 'increased the freight
traffic considerably, and the planters, in
order to avoid a similar failure in the fu
ture. have imported a large quantity of the
most popular fertilizers.
The rolling stock has been steadily on
the increase; new cars have been built, and
the workmen iu the Company Shops have
been busy iu turning out both freight and
passenger cars. At present, they- are en
uatred in retouching several OVI veteran-,
and constructing two conductor’s cars,
which will combine all of the new im
provements, being fitted up with raised
skylights, running nearly the entire
i ngth f the car and wl
ly to both its looks and comfort. The en
tire work done on these cars is perfected
in the shop, even to the upholstering and
the finer touches that are requisite to give
them a perfect finish. Several new cars
have been recently put on the road, and
the work of construction is still progress
ing, and before many months have elapsed
every train will be supplied w;th either
new ears, or with those that have been
remaud7 land imp* ed, until they can
not be diminished' ? ont their younger
neigh! ■.rs.—' .nirlesto. yews. ■
on; washing ton** Correspondence.
— 4 —' "
SenStor TrumUvd s fodetijga.—A Card
-1 gainst Jacebiidf .in its Extrmt
TTeuj* —Elevens fin he-tDownwarJ, Scale. -
The Colorado did Nebraska* Bijls.
*Cowan’s Avpoiuftymas Miuider-to
Austria —A egro A•joicings—lmpcaeh
lio id on the liana,
M AJKtI j ton. January 16.
The election of bc.’.'ttor Trumbull, from
Illinois, is r turdti iy many of the ex
treme i£a<li(*i*N sjn-jwhat of a sorrypill.
They would h%v-e preftjred his most formid
able opponent,!* 1 - eAerjil i'almer, for.
variou.. reasons —me most proaimept of
which, the assertion, roes, is that he was
l in the army—but th». fe all trash. Offi
| cars of thc’army, wl* have; fejjght during
the war, as was theca e of GeneraLSloeunq
i of New lork, and outers who have been
candidates for civiFl .aors, and who are
1 not wedded to impel hment dogmas and
revolutionary ideas, tv v&beeo, so far,'left
1 out iu the cold, and tie triumph of Trum
bull, who is a good wyer, and lias more
respect for the ajipre ,ie_ Court than mast
iof his political friend is an<evidence that
Jacobinism, .iii its-m'.sst violent ffifape, is
losing ground Nq«h. In truth the lladi
i cals are beglnqjng to - lit, and if they eoh
tiiiue to widen the-slight breach which has
%howu itself a good ai uaiont, will be pry ,
seuted for the cor u . matibn -of the pfo J
j u.-.-'J I MnocKltiO .*■-
Fite so-called Enabling Act, of Thad.
Stevens, to guarantee a Republican form
of Government; or. in other words, ana
more truthful ones, territorialize the States
of the South, excepting Tennessee, was
brought up for decision, and, much to the
surprise of the author of the infamous pro
position, met with considerable opposition
from theleading-Conservative Republicans.
Bingham, of Ohio, Who is so radical that
he had long ago declared in favor of the
impeachment project, also opposed the
measure, stating that it was not in the
province of Congress to dictate such
oppressive terms but that the question
should be decided by the people. This ac
tion on the part of prominent Republicans
will, undoubtedly, defeat the bill and end
the leadership of Stevens, which has here
tofore been regarded as omnipotent.
The friends of the Colorado and Nebras
ka bills are stiff sanguine of securing*the
requisite two thirds vote in each House in
order to secure the admission of their re
spective States over the veto which, it is
universally conceded, the President will
send to Congress with reference to those
matters. There is, however, no possibility
of either becoming a State this session, as
it is necessary, according to the House
amendments to the bills (in which the
Senate will undoubtedly concur) that the
State Legislatures shall so amend their
constitutions as to abolish all distinctions
in regard to color, which, judging from
tho present temper of these Territorial
Legislatures, is not likely to occur.
Radical members of Congress assort that
Senator Cowan will not be confirmed in his
appointment as Minister to Austria. They
seem to have declared against the con
firmation of all nominations where the
parties concerned are not of a like political
stripe with themselves. The mere fact of
Judge Cowan’s nomination having been
referred to the Senate Committee on For
eign Affairs, is regarded as an evidence
that it will be rejected. He did not seek
the appointment, but that makes no dif
ference with his political enemies. The
Radicals of the Pennsylvania Legislature
have protested against their political asso
ciates showing any favor to the Presi
dent's friends, and they seem all inclined to
obey their demands.
The negroes in this vicinity, assisted by
an outside array of contraband talent, are
spending much time now singing, praying
and eulogizing Congress on account of the
boon of suffrage which has been vouchsafed
them. The Chronicle is their organ, and
gives daily, long reports of their jubilates.
All colored individuals who want to exer
cise the freedom of the ebetive franchise,
are invited to Washington, and a great
many come without invitations ; one can
well imagine what this city would be in five
years should universal
Impeachment-is decidedly <:-:i the “wane."'
The Republican party is alarmed at the
strides their extreme men are making, and
want to push the thing up ; kit it is im
possible, and it is best for the future wel
fare of the country that it is so. Butler
and Boutwell intend to push it next session,
although Ashley fails in this, and the ef
fect will be to break up the Republican
party just so surely as it is attempted.
All the witnesses, so far, before the Judicia
ry Committee have been voluntary ones, and
none have been subpesned. The President -
is ready to stand the trial, and will shirk
nothing. Fo far as his position under the
Constitution i-, he is as firm as a rock, and
does not abate a jot or tittle from what he
has over and over again declared to be his
principles. Stanton opposes earnestly the
impeachment project of his friends. Some
of them are impudent enough to assert
that it is because he originated many of the
actions upon which charges have been
brought against the Executive. General
Grant also » severely characterizes the
movement. It is well that it has com
menced, for it will be found to be the be
ginning of the end with the Radical
shriekers.
The Press squabble throughout the
country lias been perfectly adjusted,
among the chances made in the reorgani
zation is the appointment of W. B. Barr,
Esq., who was in charge of the Southern
dispatches from Craig’s office. He has been
appointed to fill the duties of that position
in the Associated Press office of this city,
Mr. Barr has long been connected with the
Southern press—is a good'Southern man,
and a gentleman of much ability, and will
assuredly give the most complete satisfac
tion. Arlington.
Cotton—Official Estimate.
WASHINGTON, January 16, 18G7.
The facts that I have secured relative to
cotton may prove of some value to your’
readers, and will, certainly, be of great
interest to them at least. They seem to
me to boos sufficient importance to
warrant my making them the subject mat
ter of a special, immediate letter. Since
my last communication to you I have been
engaged in searching out the data neces
sary to my purpose, and I am now able to
give you the benefit of the results. I will
here say that full reliance may be placed
upon my figures, as all data that I have
used were procured from official sources.
It is now safe to say that the entire cot
ton crop for 1866 will amount- to 1,400,000
bales of 500 pounds per bale, giving a gross
weight of TOOjOOo.OUO pounds. The tax
law of July 13, 1866, now in force, allows
four per centum tare for baling, rope, &a.,
which leaves a net weight of 672,000,000
pounds. This crop is worth in the New
York market, at the present price, which
averages at least 34 cents per pound, nearly
two hundred and twenty-nine millions of
dollars. The Government tax upon it, at
the-current rate, 3 cents par pound, will
amount to over twenty millions of dollars.
Georgia furnishes 164.000 bates of this
crop, which, at 500 pounds per bale, makes
a gross weight of 62,000,000 pounds, and a
net weight of 78,720,000 pounds. At the
New York price, this cotton, would yield
nearly twenty-seven millions of dollars,
and the government will reap from it a
revenue of nearly two an 1 four-tenths mil
lion of dollars. Official estimate;; appor
tion the crop as follows North Carolina.
*; Sout na, 102,000
Florida 0 balesj Alabama,
2fi'.'.Uoo bales : M:—: ,1 : 1 >uQ bales :
Louisiana, 109,000 bales ; Texas, 200,000
bales; Arkansas, Ufc -j bales; Ten
nessee, 148,000 bales, and other
States. §7,000 bales. But these estimates
only allow 409 pounds to the bale, while
it is found that the actual average weight
of the present nearly 500 pounds
eayli, and we have reduced the aggregate
crop to bale.-; of the iattc-r weight, as in
the case of Georgia, which is_ accredited
with 205,000 bales of 400 pounds each, but
which by the above apportionment of
weight makes 164,090 marketable bales.
This estimate allows losses, and
other causes of decrease ox general yield,
and cannot but be regardea as a temperate
one. The figures are all placed very low,
perhaps much lower than is actually de
manded, hut the desire is to give a correct
estimab. The total crop summed up by;
some planters and eommn-i-a merchants,
is reported to he about tne same as that
which I have given. Iu ou.er words, it
corresponds with the official estimate, |
while some estimates asst-im a total of
2,<Xio.'X'o bales. It m a >* '-" J encouraging
to the people of Georgia, t j learn that the
present partial crop of their native State.
small as it is. compared with wnat it should
be, is worth in money at most as much as i
’id
ed to 701,840 b -
above thirty milt ton of ii-O-ivs. ±lll3 lact !
will be as surprising perhaps r p it will be ;
satisfactory to many Georgians. It is j
hoped and believe! that the energy and j
industry displayed by the southern peo- j
pie generally, will rapidly raise the cotton !
crop to its former yearly aggregate.
Arlington.
A charge of billingsgate from Sumner —
The offence of the Executive — Andrew
Johnson and the. Country waiting for the
Opposition to the Stevens
Enabling Bill—Radical eulogy of Sec
retary Stanton—Fierce demeanor of
Sot hem Loyalists — Speech of lion. H.
11 1, Him/ — Preparations for the Radical
Spring Campaign—Miscellaneous Gos
sipst.
Washington, January 19th.
The Senate, yesterday, passed the bill
for regulating the tenure of office, one of
the various projects on foot for faking all
power »ut of the hands of the President.
Sumnel had something to say, as a matter
of coura-, and as usual indulged in his
stereotyped and malignant attacks upon
Sbuthert statesmen,-the utterance of which
of latehis become a perfect mania with that
prince o{ fanatics. ’ life speech yesterday
on an amendment offered by himself to the
bill under, consideration, which proposed
to give thq Senate!he right of appointing
all officials in the gift of the Government,
was notorious for more spleen than has
yet beerf'tpplayed against the President.
- He -outrivals Stevens in spite and vulgari
ty, and perfectly astonished, some of the
admirers of Iris classical oratory by the
low manner kt which he east epithets upon
the President and disgraced the chamber
where he "spoke, Sumner is one of the
most thorough advocates of impeachment
now disgracing tlm capital, and his speech
of so entirely extraneous to.-the
subject under consideration was the em
phatic opinion of aJudgeiffietbre, the' trial
'(admittinjtlhe .z-dedaratton-that a
dorsing every degrading epithet that his
sonojouS, deep-toned, yet repulsive voice
brought forth. They are all his teachers,
and were willing each and every one of
them that he should bear the palm in the
Senate of being the first to take up the bil
lingsgate of th 3 House and shower it around.
He inaugurated.the era of vulgarity and
now that the road is open, he will be fol
lowed by other*effusions of just such ele
gance. The reply of lleverdy Johnson to
the Massachusetts Senator’s bombast, was
dignified and calm ; but not with no such
looks ot approval from the Republicans
present as Sumner’s rhetoric had. Every
thing is one way. The lines are so tightly
and equally drawn, that no middle ground
is allowed. The majority in both houses
over look any sentiments of indignity to
the President and the Southern States,
no matter how §indecent, passionate or
blasphemous they may be, and of late it is
just such effusions as these which are the
most common.
The great offence which the Executive
seemed to have committed, as evidenced
by the debate on this bill to regulate the
tenure ot office, was in connection with his
speech at St. Louis iast.Summer when ho
is reported as having said that ho would
“kick ’ tho Radicals out of office, "and
whether tho language (which many are
disposed to admit was not a particle too
strong) was literally administered or not.
Sumner and his friends have an idea that
throughout the States, at least, if not in
the Departments here, he was very nearly
as good as his word, and hence their tears.
But they will farther attempt to remedy
matters by impeachment if the sub-Judi
ciary Committee can screw their courage
to the sticking point. Now that the New
York Herald is a champion of the cause,
they may pursue it with more vigor than
heretofore. The President stands ready,
and the country is waiting for the de
noument,? Why don’t Ashley hurry
it up. _ The endorsers of it declare that the
event is enevitable, and the friends of An
drew Jonnson say draw up your indict
ment. _ There is a Grander J ury to decide
upon it than a rump Congress of red Re
publicans.
The opposition which Stevens’ bill, to
reconstruct the Southern States is meeting
in the house of its friends, is a theme of
very general remark. The author of it is
himself, both astonished and indignant at
the very idea of men claiming to be Radi
cals, putting fine points upon Constitution
al obligations, and arguing against the pro
visions of his latest enabling (?) act. Thad.
is unsparing in his anger and sarcasm, and
deals alike with all, and it is a healthy sign
to see so much opposition to him spring
ing up. It is sincerely to be lioped that it
will continue. If one firm man could be
found among the Radicals, with, brains and
tom-age -euortgli to stand up' and reffttter
Thirds arguments, and fight him with as
much fierceness as he employs, in waging
war against all who shirk his demands, ho
would certainly find followers; but until
now it has been painfully apparent that
there lias not been one who dared object to
a single word or act the leader of the
House chose to put forth as law.
The revolutionists are counting on Secre
tary Stanton to give them every assistance
in his power in their mad designs, and if
that official does not give them private as
surances of his sympathy, then the signs
of the time are of no avail whatever. lie
has emphatically and unequivocally de
clared against the policy of the President
in many respects, and although it is hard
ly believed that he is wedded to the policy
of impeachment it appears almost certain
that should the game be commenced, he
would be an arduous worker in the majority
party. No later than yesterday, he was
eulogised in the Senate by one of the most
vindictive radical partisans in that body.
Mr. Howe, of Wisconsin, in most fulsome
terms declared it the intention of the Senate
to resist his removal. Stanton has become
more outspoken in his radical views since
the prospect of the bill which passed the
Seuate to regulate the tenure of office
becoming a law. It is a singular and un
happy circumstance*that he set retains
his position, and the friends of the Pres
ident earnestly deplore that fact, it is
only the President’s friends who have been
anxious for a change in the War Depart
ment. His enemies have every reason to
be satisfied.
It is astonishing how very furious those
soi disant Southern loyalists, that isNorth
ern adventurers who have temporarily
squatted in tho South, in the hope—a vain
hope—of political preferment, are for im
peachment and revolution. Having no
interest whatever in the welfare of the
country they care very little what happens
so that they aro taken care of, and the
territorialists propose to do that by making
them all officers of the territorial govern
ments when they aro established —when
they are established 1 say, because it is
very certain now that there is not strength
enough in Congress to inaugurate any
such outrage. That it will be discussed
and advocated as well as the impeachment
dogma next session as well as this is daily
evident, but that will be the end of it.
The Southern union men may as well all
come North and return to shoemaking, hod
carrying and other professions of their his
tory, as it is not probable that they will
(at least until revolution is quite perfected)
adorn prominent civil offices in the South.
Some of them have already tired of wait
ing and are in the North expecting some
thing to turn up for them, Others arc
here hanging around the capitoi, dancing
attendance to the Ashleys and Sumners
in Congress, swilling bad whiskey, abusing
the Executive and the Southern people,
and doing various other mean offices in the
hope that they wifi be taken by the hand by
Congress and lifted soon to the top round
of the ladder of emoluments. Washington
is disgraced with their presence, They
are of the class that the- old fashioned
Southern darkie were wont to designate
as “po whites,” and with respect to man
ners, brains, worth and dignity, they are
poor indeed.
1 he Republican Committees are already
making their arrangements for the spring
campaign, when several members of Con
gress are to be elected. They have nut yet
agreed upon any particular platform, owing
to the uncertainty of what Congress will
do before the adjournment of this session.
It the Radical tire, opened by Stevens and
Ashley, (these two are now the most
prominent men in the House on the Re
publican side) is kept up with vigor, and
the firemen who kindled it do nut become
alarmed, as Forney has become, at the
jirospect of a future destruction of their
own edifice, the spring may develop a greater
division in their ranks, than the oppo
sition of Spalding, Bingham and other
Radicals to Stevens' programme, is an har
binger of. Butler, however, will be in the
House before that time, and his position
as a Representative may be fraught wittx
much good to the Conservative element,
who will have a loader it? 'ae House on the j
4th of March in Mr. James Brooks, of the |
New York Express, who is the peer ot any j
Radical in the whole array iu brains, cour- j
a uc. or executive ability. Butler hate; :
Brooks with all the venom of his nature
on account of certain disclosures made dur
bar the latter session of the I hirty-Lighth
Congress; and as he .Butler; aspires to be
the leader of the Radicals, as Brooks cer
tainly will be of the Conservatives, we may
expect some very energetic and excited >
debates, more than have thus tar charac
terized this session. ,
A. 11. Ward, of the Sixth Kentucky
District, and successor oi Green Clay
Smith, made a powerful speech in the
House to-day in opposition to the Stevens
enabling bill, holding up_ the mode Re
publican Governments which that moderate
but inaugurate vegentieman proposes for tne
Southern State; in a most rediculous light,
illustrating the great Radicals apsurdiues
by powerful anecdotes and pungent argu- 1
—■■HIIMBC.
ments. The fijMisc and galleries evident
ly sympathizesfepth the speaker, and his
points wore raped with shouts of laugh
-1 tar in whlefcStaven.s himself sometimes
i joined. The invective against the folly.
: cruelty and unjustuess of the proposed
1 measure, was sometimes sublime, and the
pathos of the kind hearted gentleman from
, Kentucky, when lie claimed that the
j white people of the South had been suffi
! cientiy punished and lamented the rarity
of Christian charity was most touching,
and met earnest response from glistening
eyes.
The rush for office here is unabated.
Every vacancy has hundreds of applicants.
There are now fifteen applicants for the
position of Assessor of internal Revenue
in the Third District of Pennsylvania, the
occupant of which died a few days ago
Six of the applicants presented their peti
tions before the man was buried, and < lie
Secretary of the Treasury is literally be
sieged. He intends to appoint a . soldier
to the vacancy—wonder If Sumner will
make a point of that.
Washington continues to be blessed with
an extraordinary number of aifiugement
halls to enliven what, is called the “gay
season. ’’ Two theatres, the Peak family
of bell a first-class negro minstrel
troupe, lecturers in profusion, on all kinds
of subjects, from spiritualism—which is
generally ..discussed by certain patterns of
New England females—to philosophy and
lighter topics in abundance,* nightly hold
forth theff‘different wonders. At Wall’s
Opera House, which is a perfect bijou of a
theatre,, and where tho best stock
Washington- ever 4
fo“n"it is engaged. The Long
! one of Dion Bourcicault dramas, has been
performed every night for the past v-cek,
with success. The proprietors of* this es
tablishment are citizens of Washington,
and understanding the tastes of the peo
ple, have exerted themselves to give satis
faction to play-goers, in which I think they
have not fallen short of the mark. 3lag
gie Mitchell is at tho National.
The weather is now, and has been for
the past four days unprecedentedly cold.
Such a “snap” is not within the memory
of the “oldest inhabitant.” Stock in the
now skating park is far above par value,
and Washington damsels are learning to
skate by scores. Probably they are not all
aware that it is not fashionable in New
York this winter. It cannot be said that a
lady on skates is tho most graceful or
charming attitude for one of the gentler
sex; particularly when she is acquiring the
rudiments of that science—awkward tum
bles sometimes display far more dinuty
than would be consistent with those ideas
of chastity recorded in the Saint’s lexicon.
Arlington.
Finance and Business.
The country is suffering greatly in its
business and finance at the present time
from the delay of Congress in determining
what shall be the policy in relation to the
currency. It is almost universally agreed
that a return to specie payments should be
made as early as possible, yet it will be
found that a large proportion of the people
who agree to the proposition theoretically,
are very much afraid that the result may
be brought about too soon. They really
think that such a state of things is desira
ble, or rather, perhaps, that a permanent
prosperity cannot be attained without a
specie _ basis for tho currency, but arc
unwilling to risk any inconvenience in a
realization of so desirable an object.
There are but few persons, probably, who
do not regard it as fortunate for the gen
eral interests of the country that so distin
guished a financier is at the head of the
Treasury Department, yet his policy finds
as much opposition from various quarters
and for as many reasons as would that of
the policy of any other man of like finan
cial reputation? _ Even those who profess
to be his best friends, and agree generally
with his views, have shown towards some
of his propositions great opposition, and
have not hesitated to question his integrity
in regard to them.
Should any one look to reports from
Washington, as an indication of what Con
gress may do, or what the finance commit
tees may agree upon, he will be as much in
the dark as though lie attempted to look
into darkness itself. The views of some of.
the members of those committees may be
kflftWP- vet it is by go megmUa. he eonjotte,
’tuiTirwhat tTi'cyihay report for fneWtion
of Congress, or should they report arty
particular measures that they will be
adopted by Congress. Even the action of
Congress which takes _ place, is made a
subject of doubr, with different interpretn-
I tions put upon it, and equally differing
statements of what that action is. As in
stances of this, there were not only conflict
ing statements of a proposition submitted
to the Senate by Senator Pomeroy, but
upon this it was remarked that the pro
position to “increase the national bank, cir
culation another hundred millions, stands
no chance of ever passing, for the reason
that the Secretary of the Treasury and
both financial committees as well as the
banking committee are opposed to it;”
and another writer says it is a “great
mistake to suppose that the recent vote of
j the House against instructing the Commit
j tee on Ways and Means on the subject of
; retiring the greenbacks can be construed
j into a support of the policy of the Secretary
i of the Treasury in favor of paying off the
j national debt in twenty-five years, and for
; that purpose maintaining tho excessive
'■ rates of internal taxation. ’ ’
i There are many reasons for the belief that
however much delay there may be in tho
I action of Congress, there will be no further
| measures adopted to decrease the volume
of the currency, as proposed by the Secre
tary of the Treasury. It is by no means
sure that the great body of business men in
this section of the country aro really desi
rous of a greater reduction at the present
time, while it is almost certain that the
j West is strongly opposed to tho measure.
I If we aro to judge by the expressions of
the journals of the West, and of the senti
ments of their public men, so far as they
are expressed, they would much prefer to
have a less diminution than a greater one.
The argument recently addressed by an in
fluential man to the people of Illinois, that
it would be much harder for them to pay
their taxes, if their products are much
: reauceJ in value, is too potent a one to fail
; in the effect intended.
Currency is asked for as necessary to the
prosperity of the South, not for that section
only, but for its retraction upon the North.
To furnish this currency, it is suggested
that a proportionate decrease be made at
: the North and West. Most assuredly tho
North and West will not consent to such a
decrease in immediate means in addition to
what is provided in the general reduction
i ot the currency.
_ Besides the indirect influences m opposi
tion to a reduction of the currency, and
| tho positive and active opposition at tho
West, there appear also to be measures at
| work in the same direction in New York,
as shown in a recently published circular,
from parties representing that they are
’ retained by some of the national banks and
! others, and a call upon banks for a con
tribution to aid in action at Washington.
It may be true, that this is not generally
acquiesced in, but the feet that there is
such a movement is evidence that an effect
I will ho produced, especially with a predis
j position in that direction. Merchants have
also given much aid to such v, movement,
| or have placed themselves where their in
! terests will demand it, by extending credits
; and forcing the sales of their goods through
j out the country.
In addition to all these reasons and in
i . is a gen ral
; dullness of trade and stagnation in btni
; ness. Members of Congress have been at
I home and in contact with business men,
i who do not wish to have a continuation of
[ such stagnation, and they will naturally he
i told that it is owing to some reduction and
| a fear that a still greater lessening of the
I currency will take place. One might also be
led to believe that Congress has- delayed
to take action in order that this state of'
things shall he appealed to for an increase
rather than a decrease in the currency, and i
that they may have something like an ex
cuse for failing ta do what they feel that j
they ought to for the good of the country. ■
If these conclusions are correct, the busi
ness of the country is suffering simply from ;
the want of' action by Congress, and not j
from any well _ grounded apprehension of !
what that notion may be. A\ bother the i
j supposed course which Congress may take
; is the best for the country, is not so much
| considered in this discussion, nor are the
: measures by which the Secretary of the
Treasury proposes to reduce the volume of
the currency.
It is not at all probable, however, that
any course will be pursued by the Secre
tary which has not tho sanction of Con
gress, and it may therefore be taken for ■
granted that matters of finance will not ;
materially be changed from the past year,
except in the policy of the government be
ing more settled. Business having been
quiet so long, will naturally revive, and j
there can be little doubt that the present I
year will be a prosperous one. The ruling
rates for gold are not likely to be much i
lower for a year to come, ranging, proba* j
bly. from 125 to 140, and the fear of too
rapid contraction being removed, whether I
the policy be a good one or not, it will i
generally be availed of. —Nm England !
Dry Goods Reporter. |
NEW SERIES-, VO!.. XXVI. N(>. 5.
j TROUBLE ASIOM TIIE NEGROES 'o>
j THE SEi ISLAND PLANTATIONS.
The Negroes on Rack lllvor Armed and
Organized—They Kel'use to .tlive up
| the Hands.
A rumor was prevalent in tin’s city yes
-1 terday that r* collision had occurred bo
! tween a detachment of United States
| soldiers and the freedmen on Mr. Chores’
plantation, by which several lives had
; been lost, but from what wo could loarn
| there was really no conflict between them.
| We found the officers very reticent, but
• from what we could learn the facts are
i these : An- order has been issued to Capt.
! H. C. Brandt, Commissioner of the Freed
! men’s Bureau, who has charge' of the
negroes on Back-river, to the effect that
the lands are to be turned over to the
owners and the freedmen to make contracts.
A portion of the Chores property has been
leased by Mr. Smith Barnwell, who was
desirous of making arrangements with the
negroes, lint they positively refused, and
threatened to take Mr, Barnwell’s life.
Application was then' made to Capt.
Brandt, who furnished Mr. Barnwell with
a corperal and six men, with whom he
proceeded to tlie place, but soon found
that tlie negroes were determined to resist.
He then came back and made application
for detachment of fifty mem They were
furnished from Fort Pulaski, and Lieut.
M filer, of the Sixteenth Infantry, detailed
to command them Capt. Brandt then
proceeded across the rivwr and left twenty
jjgc men at the mill. With the balance he
s-Went to Me, BarnwajiA place, and at first
• si’Vv-li'STnitTV put a few women and child: .-n.
; He read his orders to them, and said that
i he came to them as a friend and not to
I tight them. Soon thereafter the detach
j inent was surrounded by three or four
j hundred armed negro men and women,
j the men keeping to the rear of the women
| and children.
| IV e have been informed that tlie negroes
| have been thoroughly drilled and armed,
j and that an officer, with sash and sword,
was in command. We also learn that the
! negro lawyer, Bradley, who applied to be
: admitted to practice in the Superior Court
• last week, is at the bottom of the whole
! thing; that he has informed the negroes
: that they cannot be removed ; that Con
• gross has passed a law giving them the
; right to hold the lands; and that lie has
j recommended them to resist the officers of
I the Bureau. Some of the negroes present
ed what they said was their warrant, and
which had been given them by Bradley for
the sum of one dollar a head.
We understand that dispatches have
been sent to General iSeotfc, informing him
of the state _of affairs, and that he will
probably arrive on the scene to-day. A
steamboat left yesterday afternoon with
supplies and stores for the soldiers, but wo
did not hear of its returning last night.
They were armed with clubs, hooks and
muskets. The Captain stated that ho
wanted them to appoint one or two men
to talk the matter over with him, and ad
vised them that he did not want to drive
them oft the place, but merely to induce
i them to make contracts with Mr. Barn
; well. This they ' refused, and said the
I lands belonged to them ; they had paid
taxes to the Government, and that they
would not leave.
While the parley was progressing, some
of the negroes had got in the rear of the
soldiers and behind a fence, and when dis
: covered they had their guns pointed
, through the holes of the fence, and bear
i ing directly on the soldiers. Discovering
i this, the Captain judiciously determined to
withdraw Ids men, not wishing to shed
; blood, especially as the women and children
would probably have been tho sufferers.
He retired to the mill where he had left
the balance of the soldiers, and came to
j town for further orders from Gen. Scott,
! commanding the Distrirt.— Savannah
News and Herald.
Impeachment.
It is no ordinary or trifling matter, this
i proposal to impeach the President of the
! United States. It involves considerations
; of vast moment, affecting the whole future
|of the country. If apublic officer is guilty
of high crimes and misdemeanors—it he
j has performed tho duties of his office v.u
--i faithfully, neglecting the right, and wilfully
j doiugthe wrong —if he lias been corrupt,
j, (jS4:.ss betray,ed ;; the iatei'e,-U ;.u-
Itrusteoto nidi—'then Tiis’iuipeachment is a
! proper course, and his removal from office
a plain duty. But if this remedy is to be
resorted to, it should be done with all
the gravity and caution, with all the solemn
consideration and deliberate action which
: are necessary to connect the proper moral
! effect with the action. If done otherwise,
; the action would not only .prove ineffectual
i for good, but would produce violent dis
i suasion, and establish a precedent of fatal
| character.
It is not to be doubted that up to the
| present moment every step taken toward
the proposed impeachment of President
Johnson has been destitute of the essen
| tials of dignity, and has been especially
characterized as partisan in feeling anil
motive. An impeachment on party
grounds can never be otherwise than
! wrong. An impeachment sustained by
the members of one political party and op
i posed by the members of another, has
| necessarily the aspect of pure partisan
feeling, and cannot be explained as other
! wise, unloss the theory be that all the op-
I posing members are as corrupt and wicked
as the officer whose impeachment is pro
: posed. This ( rtainly th ca ■
in Washington now. No one is so wild as
to imagine ail the members of Congress who
; oppose the impeachment of President John
i sou as destitute of moral principle. In fact
- it would be idle for any one tp say at present
! that the proposal for impeachment is auy
! thing but partisan, and thus far it appears
to be urged only by the most violent class
j of politicians. Among the people of the
| country at large tho idea is regarded as
! so absurd and revolutionary that it is not
i even thought possible, much less probable.
Tho people aro not at aii awake to the im
i portanee which it is assuming. The
! strength of party ties was never more
severely tried than it is to be in this mat
ter ; and it is not at ali unlikely that as in
| former instances, the crack of the whip
: will bring the whole party into tlie traces,
; and lend to rapid and sweeping action.
| Gentlemen who to-day suppose that they
| are firm in opposing the plan, may.find
I themselves less firm and more warning a
; few days hence.
Let us hope, however, for a different
hu • ; ■ , of the
. , ■ pressing in ire and u
a suspension of party oppositions. De
-1 liberate judgment, uninfluenced by party
coiuiderntfoini, was never more needed
| than now.. It the shackles could be thrown
| off, there is sufficient ability in the present
Congress to devise wise measures which
would prove succc.s.-dul in the pacification
j of the country and the restoration of per
manent prosperity. If there were no
; anxiety to preserve party power on one
j side, or to gain it on the other—if there
were no contests for the spoils of office, no
j greed of piece ami plunder on either side—
lids impeachment proposed would sink out
of sight, while tho great interest , now suf
sering would receive proper uud effective
treatment. —A ay \\>rk Journal of Com
; mcrce.
The Manufacture of fat ton in the'
; _ The New Y ork World calls attention to
the fact that the South is turning a mark
! ed attention to manufactures (some seventy
or eighty cotton mills, be.-.: ios woolen mills,
being in process of erection within her
limns, 1 , an i remarks ; “Theßadical policy
t ; toward that section of the country has
I ,; Y-'ueoU an universal political apathy,
energy of tho people crops
u out now m an eagerness to develop their
(t resources, and to add to their material
“ , Asa manufacturer of cotton
[( the South has every advantage over the
u North, excepting capital, and capital
never hesitated to go where remuncra
) tive returns aro absolutely certain. The
" great advantage at the South will be th .
> “ saying in transportation of the staple,
j “ From the field to the mill, p- dhly o;
i “ the same ground, is a shorter and
I “cheaper transit than from the field to the
I “seaportor freight depot, and thence hun
| “ dreds oi'miles to Rhode Island or .Mas a
j “ehusetts. Getting rid of the freights, the
I “ commissions, the middle men, and transit
j “ tolls of all kinds, will be more protection
| “than the must .protective tariff the
“wildest protectionist ever dreamed of”
If the World had added thatt m that
has not been subjected to : . an ,;
the effects of transportation throne-ii dif
ferent climates, is in better condition for
manufacture _ and produces a superior
fabric ; that in the South labor is cheaper
fuel is cheaper* and less required, food is
cheaper, bunding material and rents lower
and the days longer and more genial it,
would not then have exhausted tho enu
meration of T advantages the South possesses
over the North for the manufacture" of
us great staple. We hope to live*to" see
the day when not a pound of cotton will - o
out of the South to bo manufactured.—
Richmond Whig.
The Stratford House, in Westmoreland '
county, Va., with 2,500 acres of land, the !
colonial homsteads of the Leo family and)
the birth-place of General Robert E. Lee
bas been recently purchased by the South- ,
ern Orphan Association.
Xews ami Other Items. ‘
The Susquehanna is frozen solid. U
Kangaroo hams are sold in London.
Cupid is getting pugnacious at the West.
Cincinnati has a “sacred museum.”
Plenty of buffaloes near the Platte
river.
Rumor predicates the speedy matri
mony of Colfax.
Seabrook, N. 11., boasts a girl-whipping
pedagogue.
Oncondo Springs gave 7,093,240 bushels*
of salt last year.
The Hartford “rink” is infested with
pickpockets.
Gerrkt Smith has given so,ooo to the
Cretan Relief Fund. •
Skating rages in all partS'of Connecticut;
ditto sleighing.
Parepatetics is the new name of the
Bateman concert troupe.
The Brahmin year consists of eighteen
months.
Never say “die” unless you are a hair
dresser.
He who sows brambles must not go bare
foot.
They have oranges in Florida that weigh
a pounu and a lialf
Gold goes in at any gate except Heav
en, s.
The most dangerous of wild beasts is a
slanderer; of tame ones, a flatterer.
' Kendall (liselaTnis candidacy either for
the Presidency or the altar.
lheEpiscopal bishops propose (o issues
protest against Ritualism.
~.Credit—a wise provision by which sher
ltrs and constables get their living.
The world is a .great book, of which the
never stir from homo, read onlva. jnii'e.
. There have been ],600 divorces granted
m Massachusetts in the last six years.
Tuesday was one' of the coldest days
experienced in New York this winter.
ihe Chicago Tribune figures up $475-
000 spent for Christmas presents in that
city.
Baron Rothschild gave sixty thousand
pounds of bread to the Paris poor at the
Christmas season.
twenty-five iarms have been sold in one
section oi Alabama for the low price of $1
per acre.
Sunday evening organ concerts are a
Wture at the Church of St. Charles
ixirromeo, .1 irooklvn.
Mr. Gladstone has recovered from the
attacic ol inflamed tonsils which ho expe
rienced at Rome.
An Isaac Van Verbcrg, cf Philadelphia,
has left •'S f.,,000 to his betrothed, whose
age is just twenty-one.
Minnesota expects to have a population
of 700,000 in 1870.
. Four tons of Idaho silver arc
m New York.
. .Tim Pope has sent a great mm,hr of
jewels, &0., to be deposited in the Parisian
~ ib'erend, Gurney & Cos. are paying their*
urst dividend of lour shillings in (he pound.
A man in France was fined SIOO for
in a stage coach of
. - v I' reneh proverb—follow your leader —
in your daily paper.
. by is Reform li!cc.agazelle? Because
it is a bright eyed .deer. —London Punch,.
Captain Rogers, who made the first pas
stßr-T 1 tn ° *^ an tic !l steamship, is
The Erie Dispatch says that lightning*
rmgs would be an improvement on the mis
tlic\ T have in that city.
. * y the coin circulation of Great Britain
trie loss per annum by attrition, is equal to
£20,000 sterling.
There are now thirty-seven places of
1 rotestant worship in Paris. A lew years
ago there was none.
-i lie Idaho Legislature bar, passed a bill
appropriating $30,000 for the support of
Catholic schools.
It you take revenge, you may find it so
Arqjig. a senT. that y6u will sneeze your
beau off.
. ‘ here is twohundred and seventy churches
in Moscow, and all the bells rung at the
same time on the occasion of the royal mar
riage.
'I be subject of absorbing interest in
'
drawing of the Art Association.
A woman in London beat her husband
to death with a poker because he failed to
bring home his wages.
A fool may answer more questions in an
hour than a wise man can answer in a year.
A number of ladies in Lowell were ar
rested the other evening for forging lecture
tickets. ° °
. A mother and two daughters were mar
ried at the same time and place, in India
na last week.
Col. R. M. Li tier, editor of theDavcn
port Gazette, has an inheritance of $75,000
awaiting him at Dublin.
A game of chess is being played by letter,
between tile clicks clubs oi two Ohio towns.
The Hon. A. R. Bolder recently sold
thirteen acres of land near Shepherdstown,
containing water power, for $35,000.
In no country in'the world is less hoed
given to economising in daily e than
in the United States.
The Supreme Court of the United States
has just decided a suit against a dead man.
Nineteen weddings in Concord on Christ
mas. It is to bo hoped they will all live in
Concord.
Caleb Stowell, a well-known and re
spected citizen, and leading builder, of
Boston, died 011 Saturday, aged seven
four years.
Hon. Wilkins Updike, for half a century
one of the leading public men of Rhode
bland, .lied on Monday at bis residence,
m South Kingston aged eigthy-two years.
, , arkcr, colored, is an independent
candidate for Mayor of Allegheny City,
Boston in England is more than ten de
grees farther than Boston in America.
One Steinmeter of Jersey City is charged
with stealing a lady’s garter.
The son of the Emperor of Franco
, , isai
compositor and printer.
The Nashville publishers have clubbed
together for the apprehension of persons
who steal newspapers from doorsteps.
I age 1857 of the World’s History com
mences with accounts of frightful accidents,
murders, etc., throughout the country.
I he Illinois Journal asks if we can throw
any light on kissing. Wo don’t want to.
'i he thing goes just as well in the dark.
It will he an item of pleasant news to
many musical readers time Madame Purepa
<
the violinist. \\o record the fact with
pleasure, and wish all happiness to the
union or so much talent,
“Who is McGinnis?” appears to be the
question of the hour at Washington. The
interest winch he has suddenly excited
arr-.es irom tue laet that he has rec-m'd
the appointment of Minister to Stockholm.
General Sterling Brice’s friends in St
Louis intend to purchase a handsome
house for him in that city. Thirty thou
sand dollars lias already been raised for
that purpose.
lna« owl beggar, Lamartine, is passing
arouna his hat again ; he wants the public
to pay for the first four volumes of his
memoirs, in advance of his death and their
publication.
„ Fhe Pensacola Observtr says that Judge
Maxwell has tendered his resignation
Associate Judge of the State Supreme
( - ourt - 1 I he same paper states that the
customhouse, is undergoing repairs
Time between Omaha and Salt Lake
City now is only eight days. In these
eight days travel there are three hundred
UU. -of ratlr dm and nin hundi I p
ta. , I,l*l y . ' 1 ‘
Mr.-:. Itoxana Dwight was lately fine!
one cent and costs, at Pro-idem-,.
striking Like Curtis in the hice‘"beAmt.
she , hb , r arms around Mr. 'Dwight’s
with her* 1 a&kcd “ m t 0 s ° t 0 the theatre
■■" l - Ira; feel
him.-... ui'-posed to gape, he is ordered to
suppress the > nsation as the work of the
aenl, and to elo3e Ins mouth, lest the father
ot iniquity should enter and take posses
sion oi his person. It is curious that this
opinion prevails also among the Hindoos,
who twirl their fingers close before their
mouth before gaping, to prevent an . evil
spirit from getting in that way.— Griffiths.
The Moon Committee of the Ik itish As
sociation have issued a circular, calling at-
tention to the fact that Herr Schmidt, of
Athens, has observed during the last two
months that the Lunar Crater “Linne,”
on the Mare Seivnitatis (lat. 27 47 13,N.,
long. 11, 32 2S W.) has been obscured.
The importance of this observation comes
out in its full force, when we recollect that
Sehroter, in 17s>s (Aov. 5,) recorded a dark
spot in the place of “Mi nue. ’ larger than
the crater. Is it pos.-.iblc that in this ob
servation wc have an evidence of present
activity • — Athencum.