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Cijruaidc # Sentinel.
IHK DKPOrULATIOX OF IKBIiAMI).
The census of Ireland, taken by * com
mission acting under and by the authority
of the Government of the Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, find* its way to
the public through an official report. The
statistics of this report, as we find them in
the Sligo Champion, of the 24th of June,
presents some startling figures,and point out
an actual depopulation so great in so short
a time that it would seem incredible, were
not the report official, and the statistics of
the report gathered under Government
direction by the discipline of the Itoyal
Constabulary force and Dublin Metropoli
tan Polioe.
The total population of Irelaod, on the
2d of April, 1871, as shown, numbered,
5,402,759 ; of this, 2,634,123 were males,
and 2,768,636 were females, a proportion
between the two sexes which we hardly
expected, but a proportion which shows
that whatever discrimination, as oompared
with the past, the population may have
suffered, the fortune has been shared
equally. As oompared with the census of
3861, the figures show a decrease of 396,-
208 ; compared with that of 1851, a de
crease of 1,171,519, and as compared with
that of 1841—a period of only thirty
years—a decrease of 2,793,838 ; or a de
crease amounting to more than half the
present population. It will be observed,
however, that the ratio of decrease in
population for the periods we have give
is not progressive. It is smaller in the
last decade than in the previous one. But
there is another fact which should not be
left out of view, and that is the annual
natural increase. The commissioners as
sume the annual increase of births over
deaths to be within a fraction of one per
cent., or exactly 92.
But this natural increase is lost—does
not appear in the census—so that the
actual decrease is not 396,208, as stated,
but this number, and all the increase of
births over deaths are about 1,210,724.
But let us see how Ireland appears, as
shown in the Provincial Summary :
The population of Leinster was : 1841,
1,982,169; 1851, 1,682,320; 1861, 1,457,-
635, and 1871, 1,335,966—a decrease sinoe
1841 of 646,203 ; sinoe 1861 of 121,669.
The population of Munster : 1841, 2,-
404,460; 1851, 1,865,000; 1861, 1,513,-*
558 ; 1871, 1,390,402 deorease sinoe
1841, 1,014,058 ; 1861, 123,156.
The population of Ulster : 1841, 2,389,-
263; 1851, 2,013,879; 1861, 1,914,236;
1871, 1,830,398. The deoiease sinoe 1841,
558,865; 1861,86,838.
Tho population of Connaught: 1841,
1,420,706 ; 1851, 1,012,479; 1861, 913,-
135; 1871, 845,993. The deorease sinoe
1841, 574,718 ; 1861, 67,142.
Ihu Ku-Klux investigating Committee.
TREASURER ANOIER’S TESTIMONY.
Washington, July 31, 1871.
Cditors Chronicle & Sentinel:
I send you further extracts from the
sworn testimony of Treasurer Angier, pre
sented to the Ku-Klux Investigating Com
mittee at Washington, D. C., July 14th,
1871 :
Question—Give us all the information
you have relative to the granting of par
dons by the Governor, the general issuing
of proclamations, offeriag rewards, and
the oost of these various things.
Answer—l have here a statement of the
pardons granted by the Governor. It is
taken directly from the pardon book by
Mr. Hemphill, who is the agent of the
Associated Press at Atlanta, and the pro
prietor of tho Constitution, a newspaper
published there. It appears by this state
ment (hat sinco August 2d, 1868, the Gov
ernor has acted on four hundred and
twenty-six applications for pardon. Os
theso, throe hundred and twenty-one cases,
involving threo hundred and forty-six of
fenses, wero pardoned, as follows:
Murders pardoned 48
Morders commuted 18
Simple larcenies pardoned 76
Other larcenies 14
Assaults with intent to murder 20
llurglaries iu the night 18
Burglaries in the day 18
Manslaughter 18
Assaults 20
Assaults with intent to commit rape.... 5
Homicide 1
Cheating and swindling 3
Stabbing 3
Horse stealing 7
Bigamy 3
Forgery A
Perjury 3
Robbery 8
Fornication and adultery 7
Seduction 1
Incestuous adultery 1
Arson 0
Misdemeanor 9
Bastardy 4
Bape 4
Compound felony 1
As regards the finances of the State, it
is impossible to give testimony precisely
without putting it in figures on paper. I
have prepared a statement in that form,
complying, as 1 understand, with the in
structions wliiob 1 reoeived from the cir
cular of the Chairman of the Committee,
Mr. Scott. In this statement I have tried
to present as clearly as possible the de
tails in regard to the management of the
State finances, and the contrast between
different periods. This statement I certify
to l>e correct. The statement is as follows;
1857 Ordinary expenses of
Goorgia.i $ 275,632 43
1858— Ordinary expenses of
Georgia 304,637 59
1859 Ordinary expenses of
Georgia 369,653 53
1860— Ordinary expenses of
Georgia 325,600 00
Total ordinary expenses of
Georgia lor four years im
mediately proceeding tho
war $1,275,523 55
1868— Less than six months
ordinary expenses ot Geor
gia $401,865 08
1869 Ono year ordinary ex
penses of Georgia 848,298 23
1870— One year’s ordinary ex
penses of Georgia 924,413 27
Total ordinary expenses of
Georgia for less than two
and a half years, by Gov.
Bullock $2,174,576 55
Substraet total ordinary ex
penses for four years under
Governors Johnson and
Brown 1,275,523 55
Leaves against Gov. Bullock’s
administration for less than
two and a half years more
thaD Johnson and Brown
for four full years $ 899,053 03
In tho above estimates tho payments on
account of public debt are taken out of
both accounts, also all appropriations to
or for repairs of buildings. The pay
ments on acoount of school fund do not
enter into the acoount of either ; as, under
Gov. Bullock’s recommendation, the school
fund has been taken and used for general
purposes. The payments on account of ar
tificial limbs and suhooling maimed soldiers,
burial of Confederate dead, removing
furniture, library, office fixtures, books and
papers from Milledgeville to Atlanta, are
all taken out. Also payments on acoount
ot convention scrip. So each period
stands fairly alike on ordinary expenses,
which shows Governor Bullook’s adminis
tration, for less than two and a half years,
to have been light hundred and ninety
nine thousand fifty-three dol/ars and
three cents more than Governor Johnson’s
and Governor Brown’s for finer years.
With no deduction from the accounts,
as officially reported, they stand thus ;
1857 Total amount paid
out of State Treasury $ 511,789 90
1858— Total amount paid out
of State Treasury 745,470 64
ISs9—Total amount paid out
of State Treasury 874,465 92
IB6o—Total amount paid out
of State Treasury 662,600 00
$2 794,336 46
1868 (less than six months).s 450,957 77
1869 (twelve months) 1,857,825 98
1870 (twelve months) 1,470,021 02 ]
$3,768,804 77
Deduct four years before the
war 2,794,836 46
leaves au excess of Govern
or Bullock for less than two
and a half years over four
years 964,468 81
Total for extra services for
1856, 1866, 1867, 1858,
1859, and 1860 (six
years) 17,000 00
Gov. Bullock, for extralegal
services for less than half
the time, has paid 86,600 00
Be wards for fugitives 1855,
1856, 1857, 1868, 1869,
and 1860. (s i x years)
all charged to contingent
fund 1,400 00
Gov. Bullock has paid by
warrants on the Treasury
(not charged to the contin
gent fund)., 51,100 00
Less than half the time,
though thirty times as
much.
Advertising proclamations,
1855, ’56, ’67, ’SB, ’SB and
’6O (six years) 5,000 00
Governor Bullock has paid
for lees than half the time .
by warrants on the Treasu
ry 88,300 00
Incidental expenses of Executive depart
ment, 1856, ’57, 'SB, ’59, ’6O, *66 and ’67
(seven years), uoder this head, only twenty
dollars is charged, but I have included
“small articles furnished Executive de
part meut” aod “articles furnished Execu
tive mansion.” making in all $2,186 76.
Governor Bullock's incidental expenses
for less than three years, $23,800 00.
The section of the appropriation bill
authorizing the Governor to draw war
rants on the Treasury for,service or labor
authorized by the General Assembly, for
which no provision is made for compensa
tion, has never been used by any Governor
except Governor Brown, and then in
amount about seven thousand dollars,
while Governor Bullock has used it to the
amount of font hundred and sixteen thou
sand six hundred and twenty dollars and
ninety cents.
The annual general fax since Governor
Ballock’a administration has been about
$300,000 annually more than it was be
fore the war. Still, he has had engraved
six million dollars new State bonds, while
the rate of State taxation now is over six
times as high as it was in 1860.
Taking last year as an average, the tax
for this year, independent of the rental of
the Western and Atlantic Railroad, will
be $1,280,756 57
Rental of Western and At
lantic Railroad 300,000 00
$1,580,756 57
Ordinary expenses
for 1871 500,000 00
(which is considerably over
the average before the war,
and more than in I860).
One-half rental of
Western and A t
lantio Railroad
for school pur
p«BC 100,0VO 00—000.000 00
(This last amount, however,
together with all the other
funds set apart by the new
Constitution specially for
common school purposes,
and to be used for no other,
the Governor has, and is
using forordicary expenses)
leaves a surplus to meet the
public debt of 1871 930,756 57
Matured State bonds before
1871 173,000 00
Which should and would all have been
hypothecated with the seven per cent,
mortgage bonds issued specially for that
purpose had not Gov. Bullock, in viola
tion of express statute sold $265,000 and
used a portion of the proceeds on the
Kimball Opera House.
State bonds due in
1871 $154,250 00
Interest due in ’71.427,375 00—754,625 00
Leaves a surplus for 1871.... 176,131 57
After paying all past due bonds and
coupons, where the necessity for these
$6,000,000 new State bonds Governor
Bullock has had engraved, or any portion
of them ? With any regard for economy
there should be a large surplus in the
State Treasury. At the close of 1869, I
honestly estimated the surplus for 1870,
after paying all libilities, including the
maturing interest, at over four hundred
thousand dollars, to be used as a sinking
fund.
These six millions of new State bonds
arc exclusive of the State aid to railroads;
for independent of this amount, the Gov
ernor has had engraved and sett to him
State gold bonds, purporting to be for ad
ditional State aid to the Brunswiok and
Albany Railroad Company.! 2,760,000 00
Add to this the amount the
Governor reported to
Henry Clews & Cos. the
middle of March as hav
ing received the endorse
ment of the State (how
many more since I do not
know, as tho Governor
refuses to answer) 5,923,000 00
The previous bonded in
debtedness, including all
bonds issued before 1869. 6,554,450 00
$20,637,500 00
Deduot new currency bonds
returned to State Treas
urer’s office 500,000 00
And we have present liabili
ties $20,137,500 00
Counting all the bonds engraved, legiti
mate and in use, the amount of interest
on which will bo twice the amount of the
annual general State tax.
But iho evil and danger do not stop
here. The Governor approved bills grant
ing further State aid or endorsement to
railroads to the amount of about thirty
millions ($30,000,000) more.
And if 1 have been correctly informed,
Stato endorsed bonds have been issued by
Governor Bullock before a milo of railroad
was completed, or the first cent of sub
scription paid. If this recklessness and
waste arc not speedily stopped, but are
followed up with new issues of bonds, the
result is inevitable. Tho State will soon
be absorbed, and the toiling farmers, with
what little they can gather up, will be
forced to flee their homes for safety from
the tax-gatherers.
(Signed) N. L. Angier,
Treasurer of Georgia.
Letter from Hart County.
Hartwell, Ga., July 30, 1871.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel :
In traveling through a portion of this
county, as well as Elbert and Wilkes coun
tios, wo find crops, as a general thing,
looking remarkably well; upland corn
especially is looking fine and fburishing.
We think the acreage is less in cotton
this year than last in this section. From
what information wo could gather in
Wilkes couDty, the acreage in cotton there
will possibly be a third less, and about the
same depreciation in Lincoln county. Tho
planters incurred such heavy losses last
year in those counties in fertilizers that
they have almost entirely abandoned their
use.
Owing to partial showers during the
past few weeks, some localities are suffer
ing for rain, and if wc do not have a
general rain in this country soon, say a
few days, crops are going to bo injured
very fast, and will depreciate rapidly from
the vigorous and healthy condition they
are now in.
The farmers in this vicinity have all
pretty well laid by their crops, and the
season for revivals, camp meetings, exhi
bitions, associations, &c.. are upon us, and
bid fair to remain in lull blast for the next
six weeks, when fodder will be ready to
pull, and tho worshippers will adjourn to
the coin fields. Wo lave had a ten days
meeting in this place, which has just ad
journed to give room to another denomina
tion ; the first have had a fine meeting,
and from the manifestations going up to
Heaven at their night meetings might
cause some to think the Lord a little
troubled with deafness; but we do not
suppose their shouting was for this reason
entirely, but only to keep iD praotice tho
good old ways they have inherited from
their forefathers.
With all these meetings the “Good
Tempiers" are having their share, as
they are just commencing their inaugura
tions through this section, and rapidly
gaining accessions to their ranks —making
alcholic drinks way below par, having
been reduced iu price from ten to five
cents a drink at our only grocery in this
place. Jugs are, however, increasing in
demand, caused, we suppose.Jrom the fact
that the Good Templers ere only transfer
ing their manner of drinking from be
hind a bar to behind a jug. S.
The Prospect in Ohio.—The States
man ot last Thursday mornig says, edito
rially ;
We shall indulge in do close calcula
tions as to the results—it is too early ; but
of one thing we feel certain, in common
with the best informed men of our party,
and that is this: If the Democrats get
out their vote, as appearances now indi
cate that they will, we shall carry the
State tioket and the Legislature both.
We believe the party is alive to the fact
that victory is within reach. It is united
and hopeful. The Republicans are divid
ed and discouraged. Aside from office
seekers and politicians, whose bread and
butter is involved, there is a general feel
ing of disappointment and dissaustaction
in their party with the Grant administra
tion This cannot be honestly disputed.
We might say the feeling of disappoint
ment is universal; next comes that of
dissatisfaction and disgust, both wide
spread. It is a fact pretty well under
stood that at the October ejections in
Ohio and Pennsylvaia many Republicans
will absent themselves from the polls or
vote the Democratic ticket, iu order to
give these States to the Democracy, as
the only certain or available means of
defeating Grant's rencmination.
A party of travelers passed through
Baiubridge on Tuesday, mounted on four
wheeled velocipedes. They were going
to Columbia, Ala., at an average speed of
forty miles a day.
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA.
COMMENCEMENT -EXERCISES OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA.
COMMENCEMENT DAY.
ADDRESSES OF THE GRADUATES.
MEDALS AND DEGREES CON
FERKED.
[special CORRESPONDENCE op chroni
cle * SENTINKL-J
Athens, Ga., August L 1871.
It ia matter of regret with your corres
pondent that he reached here too late to
indite anythirg from individual observa
tion of or participation in the very inter
esting events of Sunday and Monday, in
connection with the progressing com
mencement exercises of the University of
Georgia. His sketch of these events
must, therefore, be necessarily brief, being
constructed entirely of such points as he
could gather in a general way, without
respect to detail.
THE ATTENDANCE.
The attendance, in point of numbers
up to the present writing, is scarcely more
than the usual average. It embraces,
perhaps, a much larger assemblage of the
leading intellects of Georgia and other
States, however, than has assembled here
for a number of years. Among the promi
nent men noted as here may be mentioned
ex Gov. Jenkins, ex-Gov- Brown, Hon.
H. V- M. Miller, Hon. B. H. Hill, Hon.
Iverson L. Harris, Hon. James Jackson
and others, of Georgia, not now remem
bered, with the Rev. Dr. Palmer, of New
Orleans, and Rev. Dr. Bledsoe, of Balti
more.
300,000 00
The attendance of ladies is liberal, and
embraces some of the fairest types oi
female beauty and loveliness which any
country can boast, dignifying and elevating
the occasion by their presence, and con
tributing the all-potent strength of their
influence to promote the interests ol an
institution around which the haa*ta.of
true Georgians should gather in a united
resolve to make it the equal of aDy similar
institution of learning in the country.
Among the ladies, Augusta is but feebly
represented in point of numbers, and is
comparatively not much better off in her
delegation of the opposite sex-
The only hotel (the Newton House) is
crowded to its fullest capacity, and was
to-day compelled to turn away applicants
for sleeping quartern. Thanks, however,
to the special exertions of Capt. Kennard,
Superintendent, your correspondent has
been well cared for in that respect.
To-morrow being Commencement Day,
a much larger attendance is anticipated.
THE SERMONS.
The Commencement Sermon, preached
on Sunday by Rev. Dr. Palmer, of New
Orleans, is pronounced to have been a
model of profound thought and finished
pulpit oratory, for which this justly dis
tinguished theologian has for years been
ardently admired from one extreme of the
country to the other.
The sermon of Rev- Dr. Hicks, of
Macon, before the Young Men’s Christian
Association, on Sunday n : ght, is eulog’zed
as one of the most appropriate and elo
quent discourses which have emanated
from that able divine and brilliant lecturer.
930,756 57
MEETING OF THE TRUSTEES.
At ifioir business meeting on Monday,
the Board of Trustees proceeded to fill
the vacancies caused in the Board by death
and resignation. The following gentlcmeu
were elcoted members of the Board : J. J.
Gresham, Macon ; Dunlap Scott, Rome,
and D. A. Walker, Whitfield county—to
611 the vacancies caused by the deaths of
Judre E. A. Nisbet and ex-Gov. Lump
kin, and the resignation of Col. John
Billups.
DEGREES CONFERRED.
The Board of Trustees, od Monday, con
ferred the degree of Bachelor of Laws up
on Capt. A. S. Erwin, of Athens—an
honor all the more flattering to the high
attainments of the worthy recipient, since
he is not a graduate of any oollege.
The degree of Bachelor of Arts was
conferred upon J. R. Crane, also of
Athens.
ADDRESS OF HON. B. H. HILL.
The address of Hon. B. H. Hill before
the Alumni Society, on Monday evening,
is the absorbing topic of discussion, and
provokes not a little of. unstinted con
demnation of its depreciation of Southern
civilization In comparison with that of the
North. With his “ greased ” eye-glasses
Mr. Hill has been taking a squint at the
institution of slavery, and boldly pro
mulges that in it tho South imposed upon
herself manacles which retarded her ad
vance in civilization, and confesses himself
pious enough to thank God that these
manacles have been broken. In order that
the readers of the Chronice & Sentinel
may have early opportunity to understand
the direction of this last “departure,”
your correspondent has embodied tho very
full synopsis of this address, prepared by
C. W. Hubncr, Esq., correspondent of the
Atlanta Era:
“Mr. Hill welcomed the Alumni to the
vcncrablo walls in which they had congre
gated, and in the name of Georgia testified
his gratification at beholding so many of
the children of the venerated Alma Mater
gathered to do honor to the occasion and
reunite the golden links of academic re
miniscences. He said they were repre
sentatives of evory seotion of the proud old
State ; participants of her former pros
perity ; sharers of her past and present
misfortunes, and, he trusted, heirs of the
prosperity and glory yet to come upon her
bowed head, when tho iuoubus which still
oppresses her shall be removed, and the
day star of a brighter era shall have
dawned upon the horizon of the new
future. You have gathered to ask your
dear and beloved mother, from whose ten
der bosom you have drawn the life blood
of intellect and the sap of knowledge,
what it is that she needs, in order that
she may occupy the proud rank due to
her merit, and resume her standard-berer
ship in the grand onward march of pro
gress. Anew era is upon the world; old
systems are dead, or dying, and we must
put our house in order. The great govern
ing power of the world to-day is the idea.
Kings, conquerors, communities, nor any
other authorities, are able to withstand
the strength of ideas ; ideas alone nowa
days govern dynasties and direct the fate
of nations. In peace as well as war, in
every relation of life, the ago in which we
five is far ahead of the past. All develop-
ments of the age have leapt into beiDg at
the command ot ideas —ho triple crowned
sovereigns of the modern world—and upon
this divinely decreed power depends the
success of mankind, and the individual
greatness of nations. In order to succeed,
nations, as well as individuals, must be up
and doing; they must drive and not tarry
by the highways that lead to fortune. We
have no time to wasto in trying to rebuild
the rotten past, or to rejuvinatc effete sys
tems of government. The future is our
proper sphere. We must not stop to
ponder what we have been, but must
grasp the great Issson as to what we are
to be. We must not stop to admire and
ape our fathers, but build up a living,
breathing, active, daring world of the
present, iu which our children may find a
proper and efficacious sphere of moral and
physical action. Providence moves mys
tsriously, and what we may deem calamity,
often turns out to be a great though dis
guised good. The great fear is th3t we
may not be willing to rise to the lead of
the circumstances in which God has placed
us, and that we may fail to realize the
height of the argument, whise grave solu
tion Providence has placed in our hands.
We should, as Southerners, first of all,
understand our proper relation as a peo
ple to other peoples. We should, secondly,
study the best means to promote the edu
cation of the masses of our people, and in
so doing, we should endeavor to advance
the best interests of the University, in
which culminate the education and intel
lectual interests of Georgia. In 1787 wise
men predicted that the Southern States
would excel all the others in point of
population, wealth and power, owing to
their area, their fertility, their vast in
dustrial and commercial resources, But
in spite of these established facts, why is
it that the sayings of these wise men have
not been realized ? Other sections of coun
try, interior to ours in every respect, have
attracted the notioe of the world, which
has sent thither the weati , industry, and
intelligence of the earth, to bring to light
the capacities and resources of those sec
tions, and why has the superior South
been ignored i Why the failure I Do
not charge God with it, for He has not
favored more highly than He has the
South any country upon the face of the
earth. He has created for ns a Paradise,
but we have not appreciated the gift.
Why have States inferior to us advanced
with such giant strides, and developed
every element of power, while we have
been content to look upon their towering
greatness without even the desire to emu
late their progress ? Our failure is to be
accounted for in onrselves, and our disin
clination to use the power Heaven has
placed in oar grasp. The primal cause of
our failure as a people ia the fact that our
system of labor was slavery. From this,
as from a den of disturbed vipers, have
crawled out the innumerable and poison
ous evils that have lamed oar energies,
and polluted ost blood. He did not wish
to discuss the probletn of slavery, but only
to notice its deleterious effects upon our
people. Knowledge is power ; ignorance
is death. The strength of a people lies in
the establishment and maintenance of
good schools, in the establishment of man
ufactories and the scientific advancement
of mechanical labor. The former, there
fore, to effect these progressive causes,
must be educated power; these blessings
most spring from the prolific mind of
skilled labor; mere muscle is barbarous
and unfit for an age of advanced civiliza
tion, and people or man who simply de
pends upon the brain of muscle will soon
sink into merited darkness, to be fbrc?d to
occupy a back seat in the grand arena of
the age?. We need less professional love,
but we want universal knowledge, the 1
training of the physical sciences, and the
elaboration of the practical issues of fife.
To theso sources we owe all that makes
man great, and stamps the originality of
genius upon the age in which we five. The
speaker here alluded to all the magnificent
discoveries whose benefits we now reap.
How much of all this have we, the South
ern people, dene? To what can we lay
claim in this temple of merit? To noth
ing. Where are our educated engineers,
mechanics of every kind ? Skilled labor,
brave intelligence from other sections, ex
humes for us the resources of oar native
soil, and shows as the treasures which we
refuse to recognize, lying under our very
feet. We are indebtod to strangers for
nearly all of civilization that we enjoy as a
people. The great prolific cause of all
this has been the system of negro slavery.
Ignorance was made the primal condition
of the slave and the primal law of order.
This dangerous and suicidal system drove
the South back from the marching column
of social and national progress. To
make it a punishable crime to educate
the slave was a great national wrong to
ourselves, and bitterly have we reaped
the fruits of our folly. No nation can
expect a healthy and beneficial life that
makes the ignorance of the masses a basis
of its existence. Moreover, we ignored the
claims of the mechanical classes. We
kept the mechanic in a scale between our
selves and the slave, and refused to assi
milate or associate with him. Labor was
looked down npon as ignoble, mercenary,
debasing, and hence the brave and intelli
gent mechanic of other sections, when
asked to share with us his fortunes and
his labors, proudly answered, “ No, sir;
I am not a slave, thank you.” Elegant
leianro anil . prntjt.flhlft i/Hnnosa-nmn *l»« ■
sphere of educated minds. Labor in the
country was disconnected, and we failed
to reap the fruits of that truly Archame
dian lever, skilled and intelligent labor,
whose results move the world. Labor was
looked upon as the badge cf slavery and so
cial degradation, whilst the course of idle
ness and the glitter of titled folly was a
passport to social distinction. Our ele
gant Southern belles, so different from the
noble women we read of in Holy Writ,
could not comprehend the domestic duties
of their homes ; and had they to entertain
angels of God unawares, would have been
unable to do so with the labor of their
hands in the kitchen. The intellectual
ability of our people is granted, but what
progress have we made in the science of
government? None. Examine the best
work of our statesmen, and exclude the
overshadowing problem of slavery, what
is left to admire and comment.
The speaker alluded brilliantly to the
bright examples of British statesmanship,
to Blackstone, Coke, Burke and others.
Have we any such to point to ? Coming
homeward, what are our Bancrofts, Web
sters and Storeys ? Turning from this sad
retrospect, wc will gaze upon other fields of
culture. It has been said that the South
was simply an agricultural country, and its
interests all centered in the general tillage
of its fertile soil. Concede this, what have
we done even in this most natural field ?
Have wc scientific agriculture? Do we
appreciate and understand how to develop
to the uttermost our most natural resources
of tillage. Why has God lavished upon
us the wealth of nature, if He did not in
tend us to become an agricultural, a manu
facturing, a commercial people ? Why
aro we listless or asleep, with all these
capabilities within us ? We have not im
proved our natural blessings, because labor
has been degraded and dishonored. We
find that the skilled labor of other coun
tries has conquered us in every direction.
Even our late Northern enemies bad only
to close our ports with their fleets, and to
force us upon our own resources, in order
to prove our deplorable indigence in this
respect. Wo had plenty of raw material,
but no machinery, no skilled labor to
manufacture it, and make our resources
useful. We had to resort to the miserable
subterfuge of smuggling from Eagland in
order to clothe even the nakedness of our
gallant soldiers, and our deficiency in
weapons bad to be supplied by the Spartan
bravery of our troops upon the battle-field,
where by captures they exchanged their
poor weapons for the approved and pow
erful arms of their foes. If the South had
kept her house in order before the war,
and skillfully and truthfully developed
her latent forces, she never would have
been vanquished- _We bad excellent
leaders, splendid soldiery, grand intellects
in every walk of learned professional
life, but what we did not have was the es
sential principle of success —skilled labor-
We depended upon and leaned upon the
negro for our support, aud neglected our
interests as well as our duties. For two
generations we have becD in bondage to
the negroes ; tho present humiliation of
the South is what wo gained by this. The
speaker compared th‘e South to Promoth
eus bound to a rock and torn by the vul
tures. TbaDk God we are at last freed
from our self imposed chains ! Slavery is
abolished, and a newer and brighter era
has dawned up us. All the effete effects
that sprang from the curse of slavery have
or must die with it. Educated men must
devote their minds to tho new civilization
upon us, and we shall soon find that what
we have looked upon as a calamity was
but a blessing in disguise, and that our
fetters have been broken at last. We
must establish schools ; if we do not, the
fruits to be gained by this blessed change
will be reaped by others. Make us a
practical, go ahead, skillful, laboring peo
ple, and we shall reach the goal of victory
aud rise triumphant Irorn our humilia
tions. Our duly is plain. Lotus devote
our time, means and attention to produce
educated, laboring masses ; let us try the
grand experiment upon the negro, our na
tural laborer ; give him all the means and
facilities of education, and if he fails to
reach the level intended for him, be upon
him the odium of failure, and then let us
turn to other sources for the necessary
educated and skilled labor needed in our
land. He spoke of Georgia’s vast and
unlimited natural resources, and what the
noble old State could do under the magic
touch of thorough and educated workmen,
and stated as an axiom that this class—
the class of skilled laborers—will and must
rule the country. The physical develop
ment of the oountry will fix the character of
our institutions and guide its government,
while the educated sluggard will pass into
merited oblivion. Toe solemn question
with us then is, shall our children rule in
their own land, or shall it fall as an heir
loom into the hands of the children of
strangers? Buildup, then, the University
of Georgia. Lot the blessings of intelli
gence flow from this source all over the
land. This is the fountain of Georgia
prosperity. Make it all it should be-
Make tuition in this grand old Alma Mater
free to all. Open its golden doors to the
people. Make it the refuge of the intelli
gent seeker afier knowledge and truth.
Establish free schoolship and fellowship,
and make the University the universal
blessing to the land of our fathers it should
be. We cannot pay too much in this di
rection, no nobler cause can inspire us
than the diffusion of knowledge to the
children of our glorious Commonwealth.
Ignorance is the heaviest tax we can pay,
and is the costliest of all our expenses.
Knowledge is power, wealth and economy.
The noble orator alluded to the grand in
stitutes of learning in England, and traced
their magnificent influences upon the peo
ple of that country, and introduced the pow
er of skilled labor and intelligent masses, so
triumphantly shown in the late terrible
conflict between Germany and poor de
graded France. He also called attention
to the fine examples nearer home—the
magnifioentlv endowed and supported Col
leges and Universities of the Northern
State® of the Union. If wo are true to
ourselves, we need not fear the future.
The gates of victory is wide open to us,
and it is only our fault if we fail. A
thousand Troys, more glorious and pow
erful than that which has sunken into the
ashes of the past, shall ri*e upon the place
of the old ; a hundred JE lias shall form
other cities for oar people, more splendid
than the one from which they have been
driven, and a fairer light than that of
other days shall beam upon us from j
propitious skies.
Universal education is the lonndation i
rock of all national prosperity, the palla
dium of liberty, the standard of progress,
the conservator of Christianity, the crown
ing excellence of good government, that
royal path to human glory and immortal
life. Let us as Georgians devote all our
energies to this sacred task and all will be
well. We cannot do otherwise and expect
to prosper as a people, or claim the high
rank in the list of nations to which
Jehovah has assigned us if we only prove
true to ourselves, and the sacred duty de
volved upon us as the custodian of educa
tion and the leaders of intellectual pro
gress.”
The eloquent orator was greeted at in
tervals with the most unbounded applause,
shewing how deeply this influential and
intelligent audience grasped the portent i
and scope of the speaker’s pertinent and j
practical thoughts.
THE ALUMNI DINNER.
The Aiumni dinner, for which such
active preparation had been made for
months previous, came off Monday even
ing at Deupree’s Hall. The most liberal
provision of substalils and delicacies,
with sparkling chamine and other ex
hilarants, contributed) spread a banquet
in every way worthy fthe occasion it was
to serve iu reuniting Ii hearts of a broth
erhood in devotion tc he interests of a
venerated and vene >le Alma Mater.
About two hundred'peons were present,
embracing numbers the most distin
guished men of Geor i and other States
Aggregating an assem tge of intellectual
strength aud attaining in art, literature
and science rarely m with around the
festive board. In bet sos the Faculty,
Professor W. W. Lupkin delivered a
highly appropriate webming address.
After the eloth had teu removed came
an intellectual feast, olrhich no adequate
conception can be giv4 in detail, lasting,
as it did, until the of this morn
ing, and numbering aeng the speakers
many of our mo3t abland distinguished
men, adorning tbe provisions of law, med
icine, the ministry, a i other avocation?.
The following are the -egular toasts read
aod responded to, jar correspondent
being obliged to contet himself with a
simple indication of thse who responded,
without any attempt taportray the char
acter of the speeches mde:
1. To the memory of ur deceased Trus
tees.
Drank standing and ii silence.
To the present Rard of Trustees:
'Honor to whom hour is due.” Tbe
Board has a great woritodo; the com
plete endowment of tie University of
Georgia, and her expanioo, till she takes
rank with tho first Diversities of the
world, and throws open her halls, tuition
free, to all her children.
Responded to by Hon Charles J. Jen
kins.
3. To the memory of oar deceased Presi
dents, Professors and Tuors.
Drank standing and iotilence
4. To tbe Chancellor and Professors
dow in office; ripe sohdars, efficient in
structors, Christian gentemen. The youth
of the country need n<t look elsewhere
for better training.
Responded to by Rev. A. A- L’pscomb,
Chancellor.
5. To the memory of our deceased
Alumni.
Drank standing and ii silence.
6. To the living Alunni: They owe a
duty to their Aimer Meter, and they are
here to pledge t h eira bsen t
im mm, i j TO-rrtfgaar^ e jt, m assure Tne
Board of Trust that cney aro ready “ to
help, aid, and assist in every work, how
ever difficult or dangerous,” which the
Board may plan for the advancement of
liberal education* of professional learning,
and of schools of industry comb'ned with
mental culture, regarding, as they do, all
students of the University as peer?, in
whatever school engaged.
Responded to by 'Tin, Dope Hull.
7. To the Alumni of theyirsf quarter of
the present century; They did what they
could to keep our Alma Mater among
living institutions; and they have ex
emplified their training as heralds of the
cross, as physicians, as lawyers, and as
citizens in other walks of life, equal to any
of their day; some of them still lingers
among us, aud manifest their interest by
their presence at this festival board.
Among them we name Colonel Win. H.
Jackson, the only survivor of the first
graduating class of 1804, and Mr. John
Pliinizy, of Augusta, the sole survivor of
the class of 1811; and besides these, none
remain of the first decado of our Alma
Mater.
Responded to by Hon. Iverson L Harris.
8. To the Alumni of the second quarter
of the present century; They present
many historic names, of whom our Alma
Mater may justly feel proud ; hut to in
dividualize them might seem invidious
Let ns cherish the memories of tbe dead,
and let us love the living. We have a
heart for all our Alumni of whatever party
or creed ; a mother’s full heart-goes out to
each and to all.
Responded to by Hon. James Jackson.
9. To the Alumni of the third quarter
of the present century : They promise to
equal, if not surpass, iu all respects, their
illustrious predecessors.
Responded to by A. 0. Bacon, Esq.
10. The graduates of the Law School:
May they rise to eminence, bless the coun
try, aid in preserving its liberties, and
handing them down to posterity, whole
and entire.
Responded to by Mr. Washington
Dessau.
11. The graduates of the Engineer
School: They are already in demand ; all
beiDg either on some railroad or in some
professionalemployment testing their train
ing. Two have just been called to (be
Southern Pacific Railroad, and we wel
come here to-night one who has just been
advanced (o the rank of Chief Eoeineer.
Responded to by Mr. W. W- Thomas,
Chief Engineer.
12. The Reverend Clergy of the Alumni:
They do guard with untiriDg zeal and
ceaseless vigilance the paramount interests
Os ttlß ImUIUrUI ooul
Responded to Rev. Benj. M. Palmer,
D. D., L. L. D.
13. The noble Profession of Medicine,
of the Alumni : The} labor night and day,
to restore health and prolong life ; may
they ever be appreciated and duly re
warded for their toils.
Responded to by H. V. M. Miller,
M. D.
14. The necessary Profession of Law of
the Alumni : ’Tis thoir business to watch
over life, liberty and property : may they
be always found true to duty.
Responded to by Hon. Joseph E. Brown.
15. The Press : The art preservative of
all arts : We hail with joy the fact that a
numter of our Alumni are connected
therewith. May the number of such con
tinually grow.
Responded to by Henry H. Jones, Esq.,
of the Maeon Telegraph and Messenger.
16. Tho Fair : Never to be forgotten by
“good men and true.” God bless them.
Responded to unanimously.
In addition to tho regular toasts there
were scores of volunteer sentiments, among
which may be mentioned the following :
“The memory of the dead private
Alumni, who fell fighting for the South.”
Judge Jackson was called out to re
spond to the above, and, in conclusion,
offered : Our distinguished guest—Dr.
H. 11. Tucker.
This brought Dr. Tucker out, who grace
fully acknowledged the compliment, and
offered : The Present Faculty and Board ;
important duties are devolved upon them,
and we rejoice that they aro competent to
discharge their duties.
Rev. Dr. Bledsoe was called out, and
expressed warm admiration for Georgia
and Athens.
Ex-Gov, Jenkins offered: Southern
Georgia, known as tho wire-grass section,
and referred to Col. Seward, who, when
the interests of the University were in
volved, came to the rescue in tho State
Legislature.
Col. Seward made an appropriate re
sponse.
Cols. Waddell and Charles T. Goode, of
Americas, were each brought out in turn
and made happy responses.
Col. Tiipne offered : Mercer, Ogle
thorpe and Emory Cdleges ; whilst we so
anxiously desire great thrngs from our own
University, we desiro the success of these
institutions of learning.
Hon. M. A. Cooper, Hon. B. H. Hill,
Samuel Hall, Col. D. A. Vason and others,
were also called out and made brief and
pertinent responses.
The most marked dignity and decorum
characterized the proceedings, and the
common verdict is that the banquet was
a complete and brilliant success through
out, and will loog be held in pleasant re
collection by those who participated.
DEMOSTUENEAN celebration.
The Demosthean celebration took place
at the Chapel on Monday night, the address
being delivered by E. G. Simmons, of
Macon, who selected “ National Memories”
as his subjee 1 , acquitted himself hand
somely, and received the hearty applause
of a large a r d appreciative audience.
After the address of Mr. Simmons, Mr.
J. A. Birolay arose, and iD a appro
priate words delivered to Mr. Gray, of
Adairsville, a gold medal, as the best de
bater of the Sophomore class ; to Mr. C.
E. Harman, of Atlanta, a gold medal as
the best debater of the Junior clasp, and
to Mr. John L, Hardeman, of Macon, a
gold medal as the best debater in the
Demosthenean Society.
ORATION BEFORE THE LITERARY SOCIETIES.
To-day (Tue ; day) at half-past 10 o’clock,
a. m., the oration before the Literary
Societies was pronounced by Col. B. H.
Thornton, of Columbus. Col. Thornton
selected.as his subject “What Is The
Duty of the Hour,” in the presentation of
which he sought to impress the young
gentlemen of the Societies with the high
and exalted privileges to which they had
been born under the advancement of sci
ence, requiring only patient and devoted
labor to achieve tho most eminent position
and material wealth. He earnestly cau
tioned against the toleration of " yellow
back” literature, aod counseled uncompro
mising opposition to the corrupt and per
nicious doctrine of social aod political
equality which had been promulgated.
The address was replete with matter for
the serious reflection of the educated youth .
of the country, to whom, in consideration
of the grave responsibilities devolving
upon them in preventing the spread of
corruption, it was mainly directed.
THE PHI KAPPA ORATION.
The Phi Kappa Oration was delivered
at the Chapel to-night by W- T. Armis
tead, of Lexington, who selected as his
subject: Mystery of the Mind and
the Mystery of Matter.” The young
speaker exhibited the closest thought upon
the subject which he had chosen, and had
clothed his deductions in the most comely
and charming phraseology, which he pre
seoted in a manner at once indicative, of
a high and refined order of oratorical
ability, and which elicited the most spirti
cd applause from the very largo and
highly cultivated audience present, and
called forth a gratifying shower of beqaets
from fair hands. „
Mr. J. J. Swann, of Crawfordville, in a
handsome and appropriate address, pre
sented to G. G. Randell, of Acworth, Ga.,
Society Medalist, the medal awarded to
the best debater: also, medals to H. C-
Gle-nn, of Atlanta, and S. B. A lams, of
Savannah, as the best junior debaters;
and a medal to C. A. {file 9 , of Griffin,
Ga., as the best Sophomore debater.
This closed the exercises of the day.
J ' W ' C -
Athens, August 2,1871.
As anticipated, there was a grand array
of the beauty and intellect of the State
here to-day, to witness the exceedingly
interesting exercises pertinent to Com
mencement Day. The spacious Chapel,
from ground floor to gallery, was radiant
with the bright eyes and lair faces of
hundreds of Georgia’s loveliest daughters,
with a corresponding assemblage of intel-
L'Ctual manhood, calculated to excite the
admiration of tho veriest stoio. Not a
vacant seat was available when the hour
for the commencement of the exercises ar
rived, while soores were forced to be con
tent with standing room.
ADDRESS OF GRADUATES.
Salutatory (Latin)—By P. K. Yonge,
of Penaacola, Florida, second honor. The
speaker acquitted himself in a manner
which secured the hearty applause of the
large and highly cultivated audience-, and
bore eff a namber of floral tributes to the
evident high order of talent which he
possesses, and which exhibits a culture
indicative of still more permanent dis
tinction in the future.
The Greatest Art —By I. L. Brookes,
of South Carolina, was a well merited tri
bute to the paramount importance of the
art of printing as an agency in advancing
science and civilization. Tho speaker was
as happy in the construction and delivery
nf I.: ■ 11 ■■ mi 1| ■ ii ii iln i tr— r-li Ii 'll II of
his theme, in the handling of which he
exhibited a well-digested appreciation of
the immense power wielded by this
Archimedean lever iu elevating the civili
zation of the world,
The Political and Legal Coxcomb— By
R. L. Gamble, of Augusta, was an ad
dress which completely analyzed and ex
posed to deserved contempt that class in
cident to all communities, who, while be
ing the impersonation of self-conceit, con
fer no material benefit upon society.
Five Minutes —By G. E. Glodd, of Daw
son, second honor. This young speaker
exhibited au originality in the selection of
his subject, and in its local application,
which evidenced a mind trained to exer
cise out of the well worn ruts of mere
declamation. Availing himself of the five
minutes restriction imposed by the Facul
ty upon the speakers, lie turned it to pro
fitable account in the entertainment of
his hearers, by reciting the impossibility
to electrify the audience in that brief
time with the gathered learning of four
years, or to rise on wings of eloquence to
to the heights of Olympus and astonish
even Jove upon his throne. The still small
voice had whispered “ five minutes,” and
all those grand aspirations had been
nipped in the bud; and it was impossible,
in “five minutes,” to delve into the char
nel house of the past and arouse to life the
mighty dead accustomed to do duty on
such occasions. Yet, why wish the re
strictions off when the world was ever
ready to laugh at the efforts of Sopho
mores. The speaker well cauterized the
too common desire to create a sensation,
interrogating as to the number of speeches
delivered from the stand he occupied
which possessed the merit of independent
preparation. Were they not written with
chief regard to creating a sensation—a
slavish respect to public opinion—and de
livered with one eye upon the subject and
the other upon newspaper reporters ? He
earnestly condemned “yellowback” lite
rature and sensational publications, and
coveted the possession of power to collect
and**, consign them all to a tomb from
which the general resurrection could not
raise them.
Mr. Glenn’s speech was received w ith
universal appreciation, and he deserves
congratulation for the well-aimed arrow
which he fastened in the vulnerable car
cass of a decaying independence and self
reliance.
The fourth speaker was J. L Hand, of
Amoricus, whose subjeot was Anthropos.
Mr. Hand acquitted himself with consid
erable degree of credit to his ability as a
close thinker and ontortaining rnoaUcr.
He was followed by E. Newton, of
Union Point, who bore off the third honor,
and selected as his subject, The World's
Drama. Within the brief' period allotted
to the speakers, Mr. Newton exhibited
consummate skill in condensing the illus
trations of his subjeot from the grand
events of the world and its princes of
intellect, whieh wore marshalled in review
as a stage and the players thereon, en
acting the dramas of different ages in the
world’s progress.
The sixth speaker, E. C. Ware, of
Athens, selected as his subject the defiant
and unyielding declaration of Galileo
respecting the earth —“ It Moves for All
That-" In the presentation of his subject,
Mr- Ware graphically indicated the rapid
strides in progress which the world was
making, despite all obstacles of wai, pesti
lence, or whatever else interposed.
The next speaker in order was G. W.
Warren, of Augusta, whose subject was
Now and Then , in the prosecution of
which he faithfully and impressively
daguerreotyped the shifting scenes inci
dent to the experience of nature and indi
viduals. Now, wo arc on the summit of
success ; then, we are softened and sad
dened by disappointed hopes and disas
trous railures. Drawing from the history
of coitions to illustrate his subject, the
speaker adverted to Prussia as once pros
trate at the feet of the iron-hearted Na
poleon, but now the greatest military
power among nations, while France lay
crushed beneath that power, her palaces
and magnificent works of art destroyed by
her own people.
He was followed by P. K. Yonge, of
Florida, whoso second address was upon
the comprehensive subject of The Real
and Ideal, in the handling of which he
was no less skillful than he proved himself
in his Latin Salutatory. His theory, well
sustained by the achievements of im
agination, maintained that nothing is so
beautiful in the real but that there is
something in the ideal world to transcend
its grandeur and sublimity.
The valedictory to the Trustees and
Faculty devolved upon E. H. Briggs, of
Columbia, Ga,, who shared the first
honor, and was well discharged.
The valedictory to the audience was de
livered by G. H. Howell, of Valdosta, who
also shared the first honor. He recog
nized the society of woman as an important
and essential agency in aiding the thorough
education cf the youth, and alluded with
special pleasure to the beneficial influ
ences exerted by the lovely women of
Athens upon the students in the Univer
sity, paying a high tribute to the well
known culture, refinement and hospitality
of the pfcoplc of Athens.
Mr. A. A, Murphey, also a first honor
man, from Monroe county, delivered a
most impressive, spirited and eloquent val
edictory to his classmates, in which he
boldly repudiated the old fogy idea that
young men should be seen and not heard,
until the frosts of age had whitened their
hair, and earnestly invoked them to go
forth and enter at once upon their legiti
mate work of combatting error and cor
recting false doctrines.
The several speakers received the most
gratifying evidence that their respective
efforts had earned the appreciation of the
highly cu’uvated and ncble Georgia women
present, in the lavish bestowment of tasty
boquets, lashioned by fair hands.
DISTRIBUTION OF MEDALS.
Immediately upon the conclusion of the
speaking, the venerable and beloved Chan
cellor Lipscomb introduced to the au
dience Hon. H. V. M. MiHer, who had
been nominated to distribute the medals.
In his accustomed felioitious manner, Dr.
Miller held the audience spell-bound by
his impressive eloquence for about thirty
or forty minutes, in discharge of the duty
which had been imposed upon him.
Taking the subject of Eloquence, he drew
a most entertaining and truthful definition
of its purpose, test and constituent ele
ments, a leading essential, according to his
conception, beiog brevity of speech. He
was glad to see the adoption of the five
minutes rule in the University. The most
eloquent speeeh on record, perhaps, did
not occupy more than one minute in its de
livery—the speech of Mirabcau in the
French Assembly, when Louis XVI. sent
a message to dissolve the Assembly. What
a relief to juries should the five minutes
rule be applied to lawyers, and to congre
gations, where ministers are accustomed
to read a homily of three hours and a half
duration. There was written as well as
spoken eloquence, which was now the
chief means by which to reach and con
vince the advanced intelligence of the
world, no longer swayed alone by popular
harangue. This was found in the news
paper, in whieh brevity was also an essen
tial element in reaching the popular ear,
and in which he was gratified to know
that the students of the University had
opportunity of cultivation in a publica
tion —the Collegian— esteemed worthy of
universal patronage.
Dr. Miller distributed the medals to the
prize medalists, as follows : J. 8. Davis,
of Albany. Sophomore Prize Declaimcr ;
J. E. Hartridgo, Florida, Sophomore
Prize E-mayist ; W. A. Blount, Florida,
University Prize Essayist.
' PRIZE SCHOLARSHIPS.
The Chancellor announced that the
Sophomore Prize Scholarship, for attain
ing tho highest grade iu the Sophomore
class, had been awarded to W. S. Morris,
of Athens.
HONORABLE MENTION.
The following students attained honor
able mention : H. C- Ansley, Augusta ;
B. A. Denmark, Quitman ; R. H. Goe 1 .-
chius, Columbus ; J. L. Hardeman,
Macon.
Among those awarded certificates of
proficiency in the course of studies in dif
ferent departments were R. L. Gamble
and J. M. Adams, of Augusta, in Ger
man.
DEGREES CONFERRED.
Bachelors of Arts —H. C- Ansley, Au
gusta ; W. T. Armistead, Lexington;
J. A. Barclay, Macon ; W. A. Bel 1 . At
lanta ; R. E. Berner, Montioe lo ; E. H.
Briggs, Columbus ; J. L. Brooks, South
Carolina ; A. W. Carswell, Richmond co.;
T. H. Cunningham, South Carolina ;
B. A. Denmark, Quitman : G. R. Glenn,
Dawson; R. H. Gcetchius, Columbus; J.
L. ’Hand, Americus ; J. L. Hardeman,
Macon < I. T- Heard, Augusta ; G. A.
Howeli, Valdosta ; C. T. Key, Richmond
00. ; J. G. Johnson, Soutn Carolina;
P. fl. Mell, Athens; D. Munroc, Ala
bama ; A. A. Murphey, Barnesville; R.
W. H. Neal, Thomson; T. C. Newton, E.
Newton, Union Point; G. G. Randell,
Acworth ; E. G. Simmons. Macon ; J. J.
Swann, White Plains; J. E. Waller, Daw
son; W. E. Ware, Athens; G. W. War
ren, Louisville; J. E. Yonge, P.K. Yonge,
Florida.
Bachelors of Law. —Washington Dessau,
A. 8., Macon; Wm. A. Broughton, A.
B. Madison ; Walter B. Hill, A. 8., Ma
con ; Benj. H. Hill, Jr., A. B , Cnarles
D. Hill, Athens; VV. B. Hinton, Macon
county; James L. C. Kerr, Buena Yista;
Stephen Clay King, Wayne county, Ga.;
Henry Hull Linton, A. B , Athens; Rich
ard W. H. Neal, Thomson, Ga.; Charles
W. Seidell, Athens; Brittain H- Tabor,
Mississippi; Robert Whitfield, Madison ;
Fletcher P. Wethiogtoo, Florida.
Civil Engineers. —Joel Hurt, Alabama ;
E. K. Lumpkin, Athens; T. J. Mikell,
Quartti Oarulrrn* , tJ. J*. fianndurN, AfhrMi* ;
J. B. B. Smith, A. 8., Atlanta.
HONORARY DEGREES FOR PREVIOUS CLASSES.
The Degree ot Master of Arts was con
ferred on the following graduates of class
of 18G6 ’67, viz: G. Legaro Comer, Ala
bama; W. Allen Fort, Georgia; Malcom
Johnson, Georgia; Samuel Spencer, Geor
gia; T. 11. Ward, Georgia.
The same Degree was given to the class
of 1567 ’6B, viz: A. 11. Alfriend, George
Bancroft, 11. D. Beane. Julius L. Brown,
W. A. Carlton, A. H. Cox, G. B. Convell,
J. E. Donalson, W. L. Dennis, Charles S.
Dußose, Rev. G. T. Goetchius, C. M.
Goodman, W. S. Gordon, 11. W. Grady,
R. B. Hodgson, B. P. Hollis, Davenport
Jackson, L. E. Leconte, M. V. McKibben,
P. W. Meldrin, W. R. Mims, Rev. II P.
Myers, W. F. Parks, T. B. Phiuizy, J. 11.
Rucker, J. W. Rhodes, R. A. Russell, AV.
B. Thomas, AV. AV. Thomas. Robert
Toombs, H. A. AVhitman, S. F. AVilson,
Hamilton Yancey.
CLOSE OF THE EXERCISES.
The conferring of the distinctions, cer
tificates and degrees terminated the very
interesting exercises of commencement
week, from which vacation dates to the
15th of September.
DEPARTURE OF THE VISITORS.
The exercises concluded, about half of
the visitors took their departure this
oveniDg, tho remainder leaving in the
morning, when Athens will somewhat re
semble a “banquet hall deserted,” de
prived as sho will be alike ot tho students
and their visiting friends, who havo so
largely contributed to the animation and
gaity of her social life during tho present
week.
THE ALUMNI nOP,
At Deupree’s Hall to-night was not
largely attended, but passed off with suc
cess in promoting the pleasure of those
who attended. Os the twenty-five ladies
present, there was a fino array of beauty
and grace.
THE UNIVERSITY.
With the present graduating class, the
College system disappears entirely, giving
place to the more popular University
plan. In thus renewing its youth, after
seventy years of honorable distincion
among tho leading institutions of learning,
the University appeals to tho pride and
patriotism of every true Georgian for that
fostering care wbieh will enable its dis
tinguished faculty to widen the area of
their usefulness in disseminating the ad
vantages of education throughout the
State. It is gratifying to record the indi
cations that the friends of the institution
recognize this appeal, and that they have
determined to lend tho power of their in
fluence to secure such endowment from
the State as will guarantee its establish
ment upon a basis which will place its suc
cess beyond the contingency of doubt.
At the Alumni meeting, on Monday, ex-
Gov. Brown introduced a resolution,which
was adopted, that a committee be ap
pointed to make a personal appeal to the
next Legislature for a permanent endow
ment of $500,000.
Tho Trustees havo determined *to ap
ply to the Legislature for a chaDgo of
charter, providing for the election of lour
Trustees from the Society of the Alumni—
thus providing an additional clement of
faithful guardianship es the interests of
the institution.
editorial courtesies.
Your correspondent is under obligation
to the active and generous courtesy of Mr.
S. A. Atkinson, editor cf the Banner, for
the extension of every facility at his com
mand which could aid in gathering infor
mation.
TUB WESTFIELD EXPLOSION.
THE EXCITEMENT STILL HIGH
DESOLATED HOMES.
the morgue and the hospitals.
The New York papers still contain
voluminous reports of the disaster to the
steam ferryboat Westfield. Tho details
are still sickening, and the distress very
great. The following are additional par
ticulars.
[From the New York World.]
THE APPEARANCE OF THE WRECK.
Everything on the boat remains as it
was left by the csplosicn, and it is diffi
cult to conceive of a more perfect wreck.
About ten feet of the forward portiou of
the shell of the boiler has been blown clear
forward, aDd is wedged into the bow, hav
ing lifted the dock up bodily in its pas
sage. Another section of shell blew out
sideways, and is fhttened against the side
of the boat, accommodating itself to her
shape by the torco of the explosion, as
readily as if composod of oil cloth instead
of boiler iron, and the force with which it
struck the timbers was such that the con
cussion started off the outside planking.
The main portion of the b filer was forced
over to the opposite side from this piece,
and exhibits its ends with the jagged
holes from which the braces have boen
torn bodily, while in one place is a huge
rent showing the tremendous force with
which the shell had been torn away.
The smoke-stack lies prone along forward
of the boiler, just where it fell. The
great deck beams are torn and
twisted and splintered into all sorts
of shapes, while the lighter wood
work of the cabin, pilo -house, &c,
is literally splintered into fragments.
Here and there, among all this rubbish,
is seen great clots of blood and fragments
of hair and clothing, horrible mementoes
of the late butchery. As ghastly trophies
the policeman in charge exhibits to visi
tors the perfect skins of two hands, Un-
gers and thumbs all complete, like gloves,
just as they were wrenched from off tl.e
victim by the terrible steam, and which
were picked up yesterday among the de
bris in the hold. Abaft the boiler the
engine is jarred and twisted out of posi
tion, and some heavy water tanks foiced
clear from their beds and hurled several
feet. The after deck and after cabins are
not much injured, the work of destruction
being principally forward. Hie hull prop
er of the vessel is not much damaged, and
shows evidence ot great strength, the
timbers being of full size, and braced on
the inside with iron bars running diagonal
ly across them ; and but for this bracing,
the end of the boiler must have gone com
pletely through the bow, in which case
the boat would have filled and sunk im
mediately, causing probably a greater loss
of life than did oconr; and notwithstand
ina the terrible wrenching she has re
ceived the boar apparently makes no
water’ Inspectors Matthews and Boole
commence an examination to-day, at their
office 23 Pine street, by order of the Sec
retarv of the Treasury, to endeavor to as
certain the cause of the disaster,
THE HOSPITALS AXD THE MORGUE YESTER
DAY.
The large lamp which hangs over those
stone steps leading down from the sidewalk
of Twenty-sixth street into the sepulchre
known as the Morgue, was lighted again
at dusk last evening to show the people
the passage-way into the room from
whence they could obta : n a full view of
the faces of the dead. It was not until
the darkness of night came on that the
crowds began to fall off and the excitement
began to abate,
ONS HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS VISIT
THE MORGUE.
Probably not less than ooe hundred
thousand persons passed in and oat at the
Morgue during the twenty-four hours end-
ing at sunset yesterday. The police were
compelled to keep a large body of men
organized in the adjacent streets for the
purpose of coi-trolling the movements of
ite populace. They wero formed in line
aoross Twentj-sixth street at Second ave
nue, and the jrowd of people was fed out
in a single 6t"eam like grain out of an im
mense hopper. This stream reached from
aline of police down to the door of the
Morgue, a distance of one-fourth of a mile,
and, in retiring, it took the opposite side
walk, as no one was allowed to pass on
beyond the Morgue, in the direction of the
East river. Policemen were also stationed
at different points along the line to pre
serve perfect order and preve.it the rank
from doubling up. Olten the whole line
had to be brought to a dead stop while a
new body was being taken in and laid out
for identification. Then the current would
begin to flow along again, like a sluggish
river. At least three-fourths of the peo
ple in tho lioo were women, niost
of them poorly dressed, some with
out any bonnets on their heads, and it
was very evident that most of them
had come our merely to gratify a miserable
curiosity. There were also many ladies
who were richly dressed, and oocassionally
thov would be leading two or three little
children. Tho officers who had bocn
standing on duty watching this stream al
most uninterruptedly, ever since it first
began to move, were enabled at last to tell
pretty nearly evoty person who had tho
slightest expectation cf identifying any of
the dead, and many times they took in
dividuals very severely to task, especially
those who had Drought along families of
young children, to gaze on tho horriblo
spectacle. Said a tall, erect policemen to
a lady dressed in fino silks and holding
three little children, “ Madam, you can’t
get them children through down there,
so what’s the use of wasting your time
in this procession ?” Tho woman was
shamed, for she knew sho was there sim
ply to gratify a morbid curiosity, and
orloring to the cars, sho fell out of the
line, crossed over to the other side of the
street, and passed out with the returning
procession. Then tho policeman would
bogin to point out persons in tho lino who
had been going round and round all day,
tailing in at tho rear as soon as they made
one circuit. Most of these persons were
old women, who appeared to become hys
terical as soon as they got in sight of the
bodies, trembling, bowing, wringing their
hands, and moving their lips as if mutter
ing prayers. They were shown no indul
gence alter they once reaohed tho door of
the Morgue. There were two lines ol po
licemen, who passed the lino steadily on,
and if they delayed after looking at tho
bodies they wero carried along by main
force to tho door, when another lino of
policemen took them up and passed them
acioss the street, with an injunction not to
stop to rest until they had got back to
Second avenue, outside tho police line.
LAST NIGHT IN THE MORGUE.
At 6 o’clock last evening four unrecog
nized bodies still remained in the Morgue
—a woman, man and little boy and girl.
The woman ar.d girl were reoognized as
Mrs. Grctc'.ien Masch, and her daughter
Mary, residing in Fifty-sixth street, be
tween Tenth and Eleventh avonuos. They
were recognized by her brother-in-law.
The husband is homo, both his hands and
side burned.
Tho man was reoognized by his sister
as James Costello. On Saturday night
sho requested him to acoompany her next
day to Staten Island to visit her sister, but
on some pretenso ho refused, but prom
ised to go the following Sunday. Ho
boarded with a married sister, and early
Sunday morning left tbo house, failing to
mention where ho was going- Not having
returned at night, his sister beoame anx
ious, and after fruitless inquiries oon
oluded to visit the Morgue, but scarcely
dreaming that he was there. Having
arrived, the first body that met her gaze
was her brother, a fine young fellow about
thirty years of age, the hair scalded off
the front portion of his head, but his
countenance bore a placid, resigned look.
Having carried him to the dcad-houso jt
was foand impossible to find a box suffi
ciently large to hold bis body, and ho was
crammod into a little space, with his head
and shoulders protruding over the edgo of
the box, to await the arrival ot a larger
oue.
John AV, Risley, 28 years, employed as
a clerk at 239 Fifth avenue, but residing
in Atlantio City, N. J., died in St. Luke’s
Hospital yesterday morning from the ter
rible burns and scalds he had reoeived.
His courage was noble, and despite the
fearful extent of bis injuries lie walked
from AVhitehall street to the Park Hos
pital, refusing to go in an ambulance, say
ing, “ The poor women and children want
them all.” After having a temporary
dressing put on his wounds there he took
a carriage for a boarding house up town,
where, sinking rapidly during the night,
he was taken to St. Luke’s Hospital, where
he died. He was an only son of his pa
rents.
Mrs. Johanna AValmer, of 5 Carmine
street, went to the Morgue yesterday
and recognized oue of the bodies »Lora « a
time v( August, sierairmand, a German
tailor, 54 years old, who resided in her
bouse. A burial permit was granted to
Mis. AValmer by Mr. Toal, the Coroner’s
clerk.
Telegraphic Summary
Paris, August 4, noon.—Negotiations
are in progress betweon Deputies of the
Left Centro and Right of tho Assembly
in reference to the prolongation ot tho
powers ot M. Thiers as ohief executive.
The Assembly will bo questioned to-day
concerning the alleged appointment of tho
Duko of Charters of the offieers in tho
Algerian forces.
Madrid, August 4, noon.—The Official
Journal promulgates the law recmtly
passed in the Cortcp, authorizing the
Government to grant general amnesty for
political offenses.
London, August 3.— The oaueus of the
Left Centro voted 190 to 5 to make M.
Thiers President for two years and to al
low him to choose a Vice-President and
President of the Counsels—Ministers to
bo responsible, but Thiers not. This
proposition will be submitted to the As
sembly next week.
A Holland firm has sold, in Frankfort
on-the Main, bonds of tbo Rockford & St.
Louis Railroad to the value of Dine million
dollars. The transaction is a swindle. In
vestigation has been instituted.
Versailles, August 4, night.—ln the
Assembly tc-day, the committee upon the
subject made a report rooommeuding that
tho Stato assume the burthens of prov
inces which were invaded by tho Germans.
Thiers, to tho surprise of many Deputies and
amid much excitement, spoke in teims of
vigorous opposition to the report. Ho
said the amount ot c’aims it would im
pose upon the Republic could not pos ibly
be less than one million francs—a sum
which the Treasury was quite unable to
pay. He oould not give bis assent to the
rlan of the committee, and was only wil
ling to afford rolief to the pcoplo of in
vaded departments who were actually in
need.
New Orleans, August 4.—The reso
lution calling a Republican State Conven
tion not designating the place ot assem
bly, the State Central Committco met
last night for the purpose of making a se
lection. Tho committee, after much
wrangling, passed a resolution directing
tho President to procure a suitablo place
of meeting, and give notice through the
Republican od Tuesday morning.
The city journals assert that a few weeks
since the expenses of the City Hall were
$5 000, but were increased last week to
$12,000.
The Republican, of this morning, sug
gests that the Administrator of Improve
ments employ 500 or 1,000 men, for a
week, on work to strengthen the levtep, as
this is the season that gales eomo upon us.
Tho other city journals call this a pretext
to reinforce the Warmouthites.
The Times, of this morning, editorially
says “ that the war for supremacy be
tweeu the Warmouthites and Dunnitcs
progresses in this city with a ferocity,
vindictiveness and unscrupulousncss never
beforo equalled by aDV party or f'acfiou
contest in this State. The wholo Radical
party, including every office-holder of the
Federal, State and City Governments, is
absorbed in this combat. Public business
and interests are utterly ignored and the
public money ruthlessly squandered to
promote tho fortunes of the one or the
other faction. Every species ot fraud do
ceit, violence and trickery is employed to
the same end. The police are relieved
from the duty for which they arc hired,
aDd ordered to spread themselves over the
city to break up tho clubs of the adverse
faction and control all primary meetings.
Tho general order is to beat the Custom
House party, by whatever means may be
necessary,”
Cincinnati, August 4.—Senator Sher
man, in addressing thejExchange, intimat
ed that the coming session of Congress
would simplify the spirit tax, making but
one tax.
New York, August 4.— Base ball—
Stars, 26; Savannahs, 7.
Six sunstrokes occurred yesterday.
The yachct Sappho is ashore in Hell
Gate.
The steamer Providence ran into three
schooners within an hour daring Wednes
day night’s fog.
Springfield, Mass., August 4.—Dr.
W. G. Brook has recovered ten thousand
dollars from the Connecticut River Rail
road for iDjcrios reoaived. Breck claimed
forty thousand.
St. Louis, August 4.—Tho employees
of the Vulcan Don Works have struck—
dissatisfied with the superintendent.
Long Branch, August 4.—Experience
Oaks won the August stakes. Time,
1:48. Salina won tho Robins’ stakes.
Time, 3:401 and 41. In the third race,
Helmbold distanced all. Time, 7:50j.
Traok heavy.
AVABniNGTON, August 4. —An injunction
as been granted restraining the Distriot
of Columbia from issuing bonds for four
millions.
Recruits are ordered to the Far AVest,
to watch the Indians.
Citizens of the United States are advised
by the State Department, before going
abroad, to obtain passports. No fees are
now charged tor them. Naturalized citi
zens should send authenticated copies of
tiieir naturalization papers with their ap
plication.
Louisville, August 4, noon.—Four
tlleged Ku-Klux have been brought from
Estcll, including Gapt. Bruce Thomas,
whom Payne, who recently turned State’s
ev.dtnoe, named as tho Captain. Thomas
claims that the Payne testimony is tho re
sult of a conspiracy. Tho other three ore
oharged with whipping a white woman in
Powell county. The United States Com
missioner examines them to-day.
Charleston, August 4. —Tho official
oount shows that tho munioipal election of
Wednesday resulted in the choice of the
Citizens’ candidate, Gen. JohD A. Wage
ner, by a majority of 777 rotes over Gil
lert Pillsbury, tho present Republican
Mayor. Tho entiro Citizens’ ticket is
elected by about the same majority.
London, August 5, noon.—The steam
cr Spain, on her trial trip, easily attained
tho speed of fourteen and a quarter knots
per hour.
A dispatch sent by the Emperor Alex
ander, of Russia, to Empress Eugenie,
after Sedan, hae been made public, Alex
ander said ho would intervene on the basis
of preserving tho integrity of French ter
ritory. This intention, howover, was
spoiled by the treaty of September 4th.
All theso things are facts, notwithstand
ing their denial by Republicans.
The Count and Countess of Paris havo
gone to Paris.
Tho ship White Jacket, from Bombay
for Hull, was totally wrecked in the.lndian
ocean.
Versailles, August 5.— A commitico
of tho Assombly reported unfavorably
upon tho proposition to transfer tho
Chamber to Paris.
It is said the question of prolongation of
the powers of Thiers, as Chief Executive,
will bo allowod to go by default.
The siege of Paris will bo raised on tbo
15th instant.
The Government will soon introduoo in
the Assembly bills against the Internation
al Society.
Versailles, August 5, night.—ln tho
Assembly tc-day, tho bill to iiuposo a tax
on the incomes of natives and resident for
eigners came up and gave riso to an ani
mated debate. No notion was takon. Tho
Assembly also considered tho bill to indem
nify citizens for loss of property during tho
German invasion. Thiers spoke several
time-', and was frequently interrupted.
lie was visibly affcoteJ, and bittorly rc
proaolu and tho members, lie declared ho
was willing to relieve, but not indemnity,
those who had suffored during tbo war.
Without disposing of tho bill, the Cham
ber r djourned until Tuesday.
Montreal, August 5. —Cuban enlist
ments ointinuo tho excitement of tho
hour. Yesterday two filibusters pcaoh
ed, whereupon Major Wm. Robinson and
James L S'crns, both members of tho
Prinoo of \V alos Rifles, were arrested,
Sterns was held and Robinson bailed.
City of Mexico* July 30, via Havana,
August 5.—T10 permanent deputation of
Congress finished counting the electoral
votes for Preaidont on tbo 27th instant.
The following is tho result: Diaz, 1,982;
Juarez, 1,963; Lerdo, 1,366. There boing
no ohoicc, acoording to the Constitution
the election goes to Congress, whero, if a
coalition of the opponents of Juarez is
effected, the majority will bo against him.
Au attompt will bo made to unito tho
votes of tho opposition on Diaz. Tho per
manent deputation is known to bo hostile
to Juarez. The enemies of Juarez report
that ho purposes to bribe doubtful Con
gressmen and imprison others beforo they
can reach the capital.
New York, August 5.- Mayor Hall
and Comptroller Connelly have called upon
the Chamber ol Cemmoroo for a ooro
mitteo to investigate the city accounts and
finances.
Senator Abbott, of North Carolina,
telegraphs: “We carried tho State by
10,000 or 15,000 majority.”
Elmira, August 5.— A oolorod man,
mistaking a mulatto for a negro of whom
he was jealous, shot the mulatto dead.
New York, August 5 —Tho steamer
George Washington arrived to-day with
the first bale of now crop of oottun from
New Orleans.
The Sun professes to have autbentio in
formation of tho sale arrival on tho Eland
of another large quantity of arms and am
munition. Tho vossol whioh convoyed
this much needed assistance to tho Cu
bans left neighboring port on tho 15tb,
and her cargo was safely dolivered in
Cuba the 29th ult. Tho oargo oonsisted
of one thousand Springfield and Reming
ton rifles, 160,000 metalie cartridges, two
tons powder, half ton of sulphur, 700,00 Q
percussion caps, 200 hand grenados, 200
mache’es, and two twclvc-pounder field
liipnsfl.
Wilmington, August 5. —Indications
seem more favorablo tc-day for tho defeat
of the convention by a very small majority.
Republicans claim tho Stato by fivo thou
sand tofiftccn thousand majority, while tho
Conservatives still think tho issue is in
doubt, with the ohanocs in their favor.
Returns only in from about one-third of the
oountics, and they arc not official.
Newbern, August s.— John T. Picker:
oil, tho New York Banker, was brought
beforo Judgo Rodman, of tho Supremo
Court, by a writ of habeas corpus, in this
eity, on Thursday. After hearing tho
oasc the prosecutors agreed to enter a
nolle prosequi, and submit all questions of
account to arbitration, provided Piokerell
would not sue them for damages. This
was scoopted by Pickercll and all the par
ties returned to Wilmington.
San Francisco, August 5. —Abraham
KenniDg, tho old President of Arizona,
was murdered at Camp Wood by tho
Apache Mojaro Indians, whom he had
sod for six months, bcoauso ho refused to
furnish them with amunition.
Tegro Lode, in tho Bradshaw distriot
of Arizona, is pronounced equal iu rich
ness to the Comstock Lode.
Brooks, a merchant of Sncllings, in
Mercer oounty, has disappeared suddenly
from the Cosmopolitan, in this city, and
as he was in possession of a largo sum of
money and many valuables, it is feared
that ho has been murdered- He was a
native of Rochester.
San Francisco, August s. —Negotiations
are pending to tunnel tho Sierra Nevada
Mountains, saving a tiiousand feet of grade.
St. Louis, August 5. —A formidable In
dian raid, under Sitting Bull, consisting
of one thousand lodges, are raiding Galla
tin Valley, Montana.
Milwaukie, August 5. — A meeting of
the managers of railroads and steamboats
decided to make uniform the tariff from
Mississippi points to Milwaukie.
New York, August s.—Wm. Orton,
President of the Western Union Telegraph,
is ill witls typhoid fever.
Long Branch, August s.—King John
won steeple chase. Time, 1:47. He was a
short ncok ahead of Vesuvius. Climax
won the railo beats. Time, 1:501, 1:525,
2:02*.
SUNDAY NIGHT DISPATCHES.
FOREIGN.
London, August 6. —Dublin authorities
forbid a nublio meeting to demand the re
lease of Irish political offenders.
New York, August 9. —San Domingo
advicos report that Baez is distributing
among Haytien insurgents and tho parti
sans of the late Salnave arms and muni
tions received from New York, and that
the Haytien Government has ordered fivo
thousand troops to tbo frontier, with
orders to shoot every one found under
arms. Baez, in his recent engagement
with Cabral, took fourteen prisoners, r.ll
of whom wera shot immediately. Cabi ,1
retook Bao Miguel, and with tho provi
sional government in tho south of tho
Island, will recommcoee active operations
against Batz.
Haytien craps promise a good yield,
COMMERCIAL REVIEW.
New Yoke. August o. Cotton lias been
heavy and prioes have declined, both for
spot and future cottons. Sales of the
week reached 82,000 bales, of which
74,000 bales were fer future delivery and
8,000 on the spot and to arrive. Os I lie
the spot cotton, exporters took about 900
bales, spinners 3 250, aDd speculators 80.
Hog products have been heavy, and closed
at a further deoliuo. Beef products havo
been quiet. Tobacco has been active for
export at steady prices. Petroleum and
naval stores declined. Hops, hay, wool,
tallow and ingot copper have been firm.
In other domestic products there are no
features of interest to note.
FROM NEVV YORK.
Buffalo, August C.- -Tho celebrated
trotting mare, Purity, wbilo exorcising on
the driving park this morning, dropped
dead from heat.
Goldsmith made 2:191 this morning,
while exercisiog.
The first entire negro jury over held in
Erie county triod two abandoned negro
women and cleared them.
FROM CALIFORNIA.
San Francisco, August 6.—There was
an Italian demonstration to-day in honor
of the oocnpation of Rome by Victor
Emanuel. No disturbances, and no in
scriptions carried to wound Oatholio feel
ing. The police had made extra precau
tions, but there was no necessity of their
interference.
NEW COTTON.
• SA 7t?n AU ’ A '»* u » t *>. —Sanders, Good
win & Miller received to-day tho first bale
of new cotton It was raisod by P. O.
Craddock, of Jefferson oounty, Florida,