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ALL COMMnSICATIOHS announcing candidates
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Address WALSH k WKIOHT,
Cuipymcr.K A Angnsta. G.
Ctjromclc and .Sentinel.
DA V. ~..S E PTT B EII 8,1875.
Cemetery ha* been surrounded by an arbor
vitw hedge, forming an enclosure fifteen feet
in diameter, within which scraggy rose boshes
are planted and tied to sticks painted red and
white. A plain slab with the name and the
date ill birth and death marks the grave.
Only a few days since an Arizona Postmaster
caused to tie published a long and indignant
card wherein he resigned but office because the
salary did not repay him for the labor. And
now the Government is looking for that Post
master whose cash account is $3,700 short.
A Paris wine merchant at the grave of his in
fant son is reported Y have said: ••Adion, my
son, adiea. citizen, for yon were a citizen of
the future—not baptized ! Now, thou hast re
turned to nothingness, for there is no soul.
Become manure ; there is need of it for good
wine."
Bonn Piatt says: ‘•When a playful boy is
sliding down a sand-hank, with a heart full of
carelessness and a pair of Hummer pants,
nothing more qnickly turns the current of his
thoughts than to slide o* a brier," but how
Bonn Piatt can imagine a playful boy with a
heart full of Summer pants is one of the queer
things.
A benevolent tramp has procured the publica
tion, in a Kansas City paper, of a story, telling
how a farmer kindly cared for a sick member of
the brotherhood, who, dying, left him a 43,000
wail of greenbacks which was concealed in his
shoes. And now the farmers put sick tramps in
their front bod-rooms and feed them on chicken
tilings, so long as they aro not barefoot.
Tbo eale of vagrants in Missouri under the
Vagrancy act still continues. Last week, at
Hpringflold, two white women, Mollie Mitchell
and Ida bask, were sold to Mr. Budd Fagg for
six months for live cents. Precisely what Mr.
Fagg wanted with them doeß not appear, since
the Lrniler says “he borrowed a nickel from
Judge and took possession of his prop
erty."
In his Greenfield speech, Old Bill Alleu said,
possibly with a view to conciliate the Irish
vote: “I will fall as the old Roman said it be
came an Emperor to fall—l will die standing,
and seek no bed to repose upon.” No such
death-bed position has been chronicled since
Mr. Montgomery's bleeding warrior lay “prone
on his breast" with his eyes “staring on the
skies." •
Good news! That unflagging flag boarcr and
unbearable nuisance, Sergeant Bates, lias de
clared h s intention to offer his services to the
Sultan to aid in suppressing the insurrection in
Ilerzegoviua. Let us hope that his offer will
he accepted and that ha will be set (o curving
the crescent instead of the starry banner. A
flag with even a part of a moon on it is the
proper thing for such a lunatic to-tote.
Several of the old conductors of the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company have sent in their
resignations rather than wear the uniforms re
cently proscribed by tlio company. Homo of
these conductors had becomo wealthy, aud the
badge of servility, as well as the other oheckß
upon them, was too galling to be home with
patience. Tho trial of the defaulting conduc
tors who were arrested two yoars ago has been
indeflnitely postponed.
A female servant iu the family of a gentle
man in the Bepartmeut of tho Interior, Wash
ington. is allowed to make a yearly visit to her
old home iu Richmond, Va. Last Hummer,
when she left, a substitute was employed, a
mulatto girl who had been quite well educated.
She performed the duties in a rather indiffer
ent manner. When the regular servant re
turned she began hor tour of investigation to
ascertain how hor work had been done, and
was disgusted at the evident want of neatness
manifested everywhere. Her indignation Anal
ly found vent in tho following, to her mistress:
“I’ll toll you what it is. Miss , ycu can't get
grammar and clean comers out of the same
nigger!" Which, if true, offers a knotty prob
lem iu reference to the education of the race.
In some of the Honthem European countries
girls are allowed by the law to get married at
the tender ago of twolvo, and boys are author
ised to commit the rash act at fourteen. In
Turkoy. Groece, Egypt, Portugal, the precocity
of the sexes is astonishing to Northern men
and women. In Italy the legal marriageable
age for women is fourteen and for men eigh
teen. Home of tho Southern mothers, while
yet in their youth, think nothitlg of turning |
out a baker's dozen of inhabitants, singly and
by the pair. ‘Quadruplets aro not rare in
Sicily, according to statistical reports forward
od by English Consuls to their Government,
which is gathering up the foreign practices in
order to lower the age of matrimony iu Eng
land.
The Attorney-General having given an ad
verse decision on tho points presented to him
iu the Choiqieuning case. Chorpenniug has
tiled his application for relief on account of
mail contracts in the Court of Claims. The
amount iuvolved is ♦433,000. About $225,000
awarded by the Court of Claims m twenty-four
cases for captured aud abandoned property
will be paid. Au appeal has been takeu by the
Government in the other oases reported on by
the special commissioner, involving between
♦300,000 and SIOO,OOO. Among the latter is
the case of Robert M. Douglass, son of the
late Senator Douglass, iu whose favor au
award of $103,400 was made on account of
captured aud abandoned cotton ou the estate
of his grandmother, in Mississippi.
A notable person has just arrived at Paris.
His style and title is Duke of Marmalade. He
is a frieud of the semi-barbarions potentate
Sok>iui\ who was horn a slave in 1789, helid
to expel the French from Hyti in 1803, roee
through the grade* of the local army, till in
1819 he declared himself emperor; and, after
displaying gross incapacity and misconduct,
was driven front Hayti in 1859, and took refuge
in the country of his old foes —France. The
Poke of Marmalade is. like his late sovereign,
a negro, and is very tall and stout. He is
seveuty-three years old. and. having scraped
together a considerable fortune, has gone to
Paris to spend it. His name strikes one as
rather comical; but Duke of Marmalade is not
mere owtrv than King Coffee.
The Cincinnati Tunfs publishes what can
only be regarded as a heartless hoax concern
ing the fate of the isronant Donaldson. It
states that a Mr. Wilson, "one of the editors
of the Pembroke -.Ontario) Anrs,'’ who had set
out with some friends on a fishing excursion,
found him sheltered under a ruined fishing
hut, about fifty miles from "Lac des Quinzes,"
his left leg and am broken, and the wounds
gangrened, with death from exhaustion close
at hand. His story in brief was that when the
balloon was overtaken by the storm, and it be
came evident that one of the voyagers mast be
sacrificed to save the other, he. refraiutng to
cast lots with Grimwood ybecause if the latter
were favored by fortune he would but prolong
his agony since he could not manage the bal
loon). threw him into the lake.
A rich old widower in Morenci. Mich . had a
blooming and affectionate widow for a near
neighbor, and. when he was taken sick, she
very considerately nursed him and supplied his
•very want. But, when he was convalescent,
she became aggressive and hinted that he
ought to many her. and that she would sue
him if he refused. Then the widower reeorted
to strategy. One evening when she called he
was in the sitting room, without lights, and
the marriage subject was revived. "But you
know I never promised to many you.” whiied
the wily widower. "That's very true.” answer
ed the unsuspecting widow, "but I can get big
damages from you all the same.” Then there
was a chuckling noise all around the room,
md, as the lamp was lighted, the widow saw
three very respectable old married ladies sit
ting in one corner listening to the conversa
tion. The widow now says she carried the
joke rather too far.
tele and (Sentinel.
Atlanta, Ga., August 27, 1875.
In donng a harried letter from Grfiw
fordville, Yesterday morning, I omit
ted a few jotting* of interest in refer
ence to Mr. Stephens, whose name has
been prominently associated with the
Governorship of the State. The papers
have canvassed the matter thoroughly,
and aspirants for the position have
doubtless been apprehensive lest there
might be some foundation for the re
ported prospective candidacy of Hr.
Stephens. In reply to an inquiry as to
whether he wonld be a candidate for
Governor of Georgia, Mr. Stephens said
that he was not a candidate, and that he
regarded the discussion of the question
as premature. He bad not authorised
the use of his name in connection with !
the office. He was not prepared to say,
however, what the fntnre might develop. ]
His position was illustrated by some
homely bat expressive phrases. Such as
“a man ought not to force himself npon
the hospitality of another until he was
invited,” and “that it was time enongh
to cross a branch when he came ict it,” I
it wonfobe time enongh for him to con
sider the acceptance or rejection of the
invitation.” It may, therefore, be con
clnded that Mr. Stephens is not, thus
far, among tho entries for the Guberna
torial race, bnt it is probable that if he
is entered by the people he will stand.
I may be mistaken in the inference
drawn from his remarks, but I think I
have stated his position correctly.
The contest in Ohio is enveloped in
nncertainty, but Mr. Stephens thinks
that the Democrats will re-elect Govern
or Allen, whom he considers one of the
ablest and one of the most remarkable
men that this country has ever pro
duced. The Democracy in Ohio have
so much to contend against that a vic
tory at this time will be a far greater
triumph than the last one. There are
certain prominent Democratic politi
cians and leading Democratic organs who
are anxious for the defeat of Allen on
account of his pronounced views on the
financial question and who, believing
that his re-election will make him a
most formidable competitor for the
nomination for President, desire his de
feat. This defection in the ranks of the
party must have its influence. The
bondholders and Administration, with
all its patronage and power, are against
Governor Allen. In addition to these
powerful agencies, every exertion has
been made to close tip the gap in the
Radical ranks by bringing back the sheep
who strayed from the foldnnderthe Lib
eral Repnblican leadership of Horace
Greeley. The contest will be a bitter aud
close one, and the re-election of Allen
will be a signal triumph. In that event
Ohio will have applied to her the old
political phrase of the Keystone
State: “As goes Ohio, so goes the
Union.” But it does not follow that
a Democratic defeat in the State election
will involve a defeat in the Presidential
election. We may lose Ohio on ac
count of the powerful combinations at
work there, and yet elect the next Presi
dent.
Mr. Stephens considers the policy of
giving prominence to the financial plank
in our platform at this early day a bad
one. It arrays against ns the bond
holders And all the monied interests of
th 6 Eastern and Middle States. It is
calculated to cause dissension in the
party. Leading newspapers have al
ready divided npon this question, and
some of them, in their iutemperate
zeal, have gone so far as to assert that
they had richer have a Republican
President on a hard money basis
than a Democratic President who
did not favor contraction and the bond
holders. The discussion of the finan
cial plank in onr platform is premature.
It will be time enough to meet the ques
tion and pass upon it when the party as
sembles in convention to nominate a can
didate for President. The remedy for
the evils from which the country suf
fers is not in inflation nor immediate
contraction. More currency or more
“rag money” will not bring relief to
the country. Unless the people have
confidence in the promises to pay,
the effect of a further increase in
the volume of currency would bo an in
crease in all the prime necessities of life
as well as in the prices of lands and se
curities. Nor is the remedy in imme
diate contraction and the resumption of
specie payments, for that wonld bring
about a shrinkage in the value of all
species of property and be ruinous to
the debtor class. The Democratic party
is in no way responsible for the issue
of this currency. All this so-called
“rag money” is the work of the Radical
party, and it is responsible for tiie
evils inflicted l>y it on the industries of
the conutry. When the proper time ar
rives the Democratic party can promul
gate a platform of political principles
with a financial plank that will allay ap
prehension in our own ranks, and in
spire the confidence of the masses of the
people who desire the affairs of the Gov
ernment administered in accordance
with the Gonstitntion.
Mr. Stefhkns is engaged on the third
volume of Johnson’s Cyclopaedia. He
devotes much of his time to this work.
He is assisted by Major G. A. Miller,
formerly editor of the Columbus Sun,
His department embraces American
history, Southern geography, statistics,
etc. In addition to furnishing articles
on the various subjects embraced in
those several departments, Mr. Ste
phens has to examine critically
the revised proof sheets of the
entire work, which involves % the
most careful supervision and exacting
attention on his part. The title is :
“ Johnson’s New Universal Cyclopaedia:
a Scientific and Popular Treasury of
Useful Knowledge—complete in three
volumes. H. J. Johnson & Son, New
York.” The first volume was issued
July 24th, 1874, and the second will be
isssned in November. The price of the
three volumes is 336. The work is being
prepared by the ablest writers in the
country, and is edited with great care. ;
It is intended to embrace in a condensed
form all the information contained in Ap
pleton’s Cyclopaedia, and to supply the
people with a popular and nsefnl work,
at abont one-third of the price of Apple
ton’s. Tho %rst volume oontains an in
teresting article on the city of Augusta,
copied, with fall credit, from the
Chronicle and Sentinel.
Mr. Stephens is in better health than
he has been for ten years. His voice,
which was feeble and indistinct some
few years ago, has become clear and pene
trating, and his keen eves, once weak
ened by intense suffering, have recover
ed their wonted lnstre. The body is
still feeble, bat the light within barns
as brightly as ever. W.
An Atlanta man has discovered an
other big bonanza. This time it is in
Yfadker county. Charles Beat, of At
lanta, with “the help of an instrument,”
discovered it. Its value, according
to the Cbnftfu£*oM,|is “one hundred and
fifty thousand dollars, with eight dia
monds.” Happy Atlanta!
Thoa. B. McDonough has accepted the
1 office of business manager for Joseph
Jefferson, and has sailed for England.
1 GOISKSD IMMIGRATION.
1 a *
j ®SKT J a n is Republican regards it
! made anywhere in tbU Zantn toS
vite colored immigration.” Most of the
Nort&pru States have what are called
societies, supported by
State endowments, but, without a soli
tary exception, they appear to be white
immigration societies. The word
“white’Sdoes not appear in their char
ters or iteoords, bnt the fact remains
that they are conducted on an exclusive
ly white basis. Immigration agents are
sent td JSnghtnd, Ireland, Germany, etc.,
but who ever heard of one being sent to
Africa, or Hayti, or Jamaica ? Some of
the ’Northwetern States are accustomed
to boast 61 having increased their popu
lation One hundred thousand or two
bnndredfthonsand by immigration alone
i in a fleeade; but there is not one of
have a word of welcome for
a handed negro immigrants. Even
KanlWnaa more black citizens than she
wants,rggbd when a committee of colored
men Tennessee visited that State
to m Mt: arrangements for locating a
color,flßLe.V were told that Kansas was
“aoojHfegra man who had no money,”
except with an outfit worth one thousand
dollars. Why this thusness ?
GEORGIA LAW ON INFLATION.
The Macon Telegraph and Messenger
has had its attention directed to the law
of Georgia on the matter of unauthor
ized contributions to the circulating me
dium, and we reproduce it accordingly
from page 806, Revised Code’, 1873. It
is a startling prohibition ; aud in the
face that all such issues are required to
be given in charge to tho grand jury—
that the fine for each bill issued is SI,OOO
or less, and one-half to go to the inform
er—it is strange that anybody should be
willing to hazard prosecution by the is
sue of such change bills. Conviction
would open a chance for a cumulative
penalty which would make Boss Tweed’s
a mere joke in comparison. We append
the law :
§4456. Unauthorized issue of currency. Any
person, persons, body corporate or politic, who
mzy hereafter make, issue or circulate, pay or
tender in payment (not being an innocent
holder thereof) any check, order, draft or bill
for the payment of money or other thing hav
ing the form or similitude o( a bank note, and
intended to be used and ciroulated as money or
circulating medium, except such banking insti
tutions and corporations as by law are author
ized to issue notes or bills for circulation, shall
be liable to indictment as for a misdemeanor,
and, on conviction, shall be punished as pre
scribed in section 4310 of this Code.
§4447. Each bill anew offense. The making
or issuing each check, order, draft or bill for
the payment of money, or other thing having
the similitnde of money, as above, shall be
considered and held as a separate and distinct
offense; and if done by any corporation or
body politic' the officer or member of the same
signing the said oheck, order, bill or other
thing having the similitude of money, or in
tended to be used as money, shall bo liable to
prosecution and conviction.
Section 4458. Duly of Judge and Jury.
It shall be the duty of every grand jury to
notice and present all violations of the forego
ing provisions as to unauthorized currency,
and of the presiding Judges of the Superior
Courts, whenever necessary, to give tho same
in special charge.
Section 4459. Disposition of Fine. In all
caseß of conviction for violation of sections
4456 and -4457 one-half of the fine shall be
paid to the prosecutor, if there be one, and the
other half to the educational fund of the
county.
Section 4310, referred to here, pre
scribes as punishment a flue not to ex
ceed one thousand dollars; imprison
ment not to exceed six months; to work
in the chain gang on tho pnblio works
not to exceed twelve months; and any
one or more of these pnnishments may
be ordered in the discretion ol the Judge.
GIVE THE NAMES.
The Angnsta Chronicle and Senti
nel thinks that Governor VanoE ought
to publish the names “of the leading
men in Richmond—chiefly Senators and
Representatives in the Confederate
Congress” who requested him to make
separate terms with President Lincoln
for the submission of North Carolina to
the Federal Government. We concur
with our Georgia contemporary in
thinking that Governor Vance ought to
give to the public the names of the
parties referred to unless, i ndeed, his
personal honor may be involved by
some pledge to secrecy. Th< se parties
sought to involve North Carolina in the
humiliation and disgrace of first making
terms with the enemy, in a word to
make her the scape-goat of their own
wrong doings, and they onght to be ex
posed. Let their names be given to
the public.— Wilmington Journal.
A correspondent of the Macon Tele
graph and Messenger disposes very
summarily and eonclnsively of the
statement recently made in some of the
Radical papers accusing ex-President
Davis of cruelty to prisoners during the
war. He merely quotes that in response
to a resolution of the House of Repre
sentatives calling npon the Secretary of
War for the number of prisoners of
either side held, and that died during
the war, he made the following report ;
Nnmber of Union prisoners South,
260,940 ; died, 22,596. Number of Con
federate prisoners North, 200,000 ; died,
26,435.
From this report made by the Secre-
of War, from the official records in
his possession, it will be seen that while
two Federal prisoners in the South
died out of every twenty, two out of
every fifteen of the Confederate soldiers
in Northern prisons died. In the
North the mortality should have been
much less though it was really much
greater than in the South. The Federal
authorities had or could easily obtain
skillful physicians, abundant and suit
able clothing and food and every kind
of medicine needed in the treatment of
disease. They had also territory
enough to enable them to select the
healthiest locations for their prisons.
In the South the case was widely
different. The services of every
skillful physician, nay of every pre
tender to a knowledge of medicine
were needed in the field and in the hos
pital; our own soldiers were ragged and
half-starved; the Federal blockade
rendered it impossible to procure an
adequate supply of drugs; and our
limited and weakly-guarded territory
rendered it necessary to place the pris
! ons where they would be most secure
against raiding attacks by the enemy.
It is hardly going too far to say that,
with the exception of the confinement
and the discipline which were necessary
incidents of this condition, the Federal
prisoners in the South fared equally
as well as the Confederate soldiers in
tho field. We have ourselves heard an
ex-Confederate officer who, for a time,
was second in command of one of the
Southern military prisons, say that the
prisoners received just the same rations
which he and the other Confederate
officers received. A little investigation
will show how baseless have been the
charges of cruelty to prisoners made
against the Confederate Government
and officials. The grand fact, too, re
mains that the South was alwaya
anxious to get rid of her prisoners, while
the North would not consent to an ex
change.
Barnesville continues to flourish.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MOANING, SEPTEMBER 8, 1875.
THE SPEAKERSHIP.
In an editorial, beaded “The Poli
ticians’ Talk,” the New York Herald
stated that the Speakership of the House
is to be conceded by the South and West
to Pennsylvania, the Presidency to g 6
to the West, “the Sooth modestly fore
going any place on the Presidential
ticket, and asking only the Clerkship
of the House of Representatives.”
The Nashville Union and American
says it may be true that the West de
sires the candidate for the Presidency
and the South the Clerkship of the
House, bnt it is not true that the
Speakership will be conceded to Penn
sylvania. The Speaker, by the appoint
ment of his committees, can control the
legislation of the next Congress. This
is especially so and especially import
ant to the South and West with regard
to all legislation looking to the raisdng
of revenue. The Committee of Wjays
and Means can dictate the reveime
policy of the Government for the next
year. They can, by their resolves in
committee and action in the House, de
feat the repeal of existing odions pro
tective tariff enactments. The agricul
tural producing Congressional Districts
Mr
any other Pennsylvanian who has Mr.
Randall’s record on the tariff. If the
Speakership be conceded to the Middle
or Eastern States, it will go to some man
who can say, as Mr. Cox, of New York,
did to Mr. Randall: “Every dollar of
this increased prosperity, of which
Pennsylvania now arrogantly boasts,
has been robbed from industries else
where.”
THE FREEDMEN’S BANK.
The St. Lonis Republican says the
Commissioners employed in winding up
the affairs of the Freedmen’s Bank an
nounce that they have collected already
$466,000, and hope by the first of next
month to increase it to $616,000 —when
they will declare a dividend of twenty
per cent. They have been offered $250,-
000 for the banking-house property, but
expect the Government to purchase it at
$315,000. If this expectation is realized
there will be another, but smaller,
dividend paid. So it is barely possible
that when everything is closed out and
finished the creditors of the defunct
institution may realize forty or fifty
cents on the dollar of their claims. The
balance they can whistle for. Of course,
“half a loaf is better than no bread,”
but the unfortunate Africans who de
posited their hard-earned cash in the
Freedmen’s Bank onght at least to have
the satisfaction of knowing where and
how the missing funds went. This is a
matter which should be rigidly investi
gated by Congress. The bank was
started under the auspices of the Gov
ernment, and the poor negroes were
made to believe that it was as safe as
the United States Treasury. They have
been most egregionsly swindled, and the
swindlers ought to be exposed and
punished. But tho ring is very strong,
and its victims aro very weak; therefore
there is small chance of obtaining justice
in this most outrageous case of a success
ful “confidence game.”
Statistics of the number of indigents
in Paris have just been prepared by the
administrators of public aid, with a view
to the distribution of the city appro
priations among the twenty “bureaus of
benevolence,” in proportion to their re
sources and to their needy populations.
According to these statistics, the num
ber of the poor inscribed on the books
of tho bureaus has considerably increas
ed. In 1872 there were 101,719 persons,
belonging to 30,053 households; but in
1875 there are 113,733 needy persons,
forming 43,924 families. The last ten
districts, comprising the border wards,
form about two-thirds of this total. The
eleventh district, which is the most
densely peopled in Paris (having 167,-
393 inhabitants), numbers 12,144 regis
tered poor, belonging to 4,402 house
holds, which gives 72 poor to each
thousand inhabitants. After the eleventh
the districts having the most poor are
the thirteenth, which counts 10,209 on a
population of 63,431 inhabitants, giving
the enormous figure of 148 to every
thousand, and the eighteenth, which has
9,615 poor to its 138,109 inhabitants—
that is to say, 89 to every thousand.
Referring to the oolored conventions,
at Richmond, Va., the New York Jour
nal of Commerce believes that they will
be, like that of the colored editors held
at Cincinnati, productive of little if any
good. Negroes harp too mnch on social
grievances and privations. They are
deeply troubled because in the North
some prejudice still lingers against ad
mitting them to first-class hotels and
the parqnette seats of theatres. The
Journal observes that the negroes for
get the immense changes wrought in
their condition since the war—the eman
cipation of their race from slavery, the
constitutional amendments, and the con
gressional and State laws adopted for
their elevation. They ought to be pro
foundly thankful. It is true that the
large majority hold this opinion, and
they would express it but for the politi
cal ambition of their leaders. The Jour
nal cautions the colored voters, and tells
them that those leaders desire to use
the ignorant and docile masses of their
brethren for their own advancement and
profit.
The Savannah News says: “It would
seem that just about now nearly every
other editor in the interior of the State
has a candidate iff training for Governor
at the next election, while some of them
are pitting their men for the United
States Senatorsliip when Mr. Norwood’s
term expires. There is something ex
tremely ludicrous in all this. It reminds
one of preparations for a ‘chicken dis
pute.’ We can imagine the boys skulk
ing round corners with their chickens
under their arms, ready to bock them in
the contest. This sort of thing is bad
enough, degrading and mischievous
enough at any time, bat jast now it is
next to intolerable. Now is no time for
political cock-fighting. Georgia, the
South and the whole oountry has too
mnch at stake in the great contest for
vital principles, which is soon to take
place, for her politicians to be getting
np personal rivalries and party dissen
sions in the interest of individual aspi
rants for office.”
The Knoxville (Tenn.) Chronicle
learns from those conversant with ex-
President Johnson’s private affairs that
it is not known as yet' that he made a
will previous to his death, or rather that
any such document is now in existence.
It is believed that he wrote more than
one, bat it does not appear that any one
of them is in force. It is known that
he incurred a heavy loss from the failure
of Jay Cooke, and it is possible that
this change in his estate made it neces
sary that he should change any will he
had made previons to that time, and it
is probable that he never made a will
afterwards, owing to the uncertainty as
to what his actual losses would be.
Those who have the custody of his
property and papers know nothing of
the existence of an insurance policy on
Mr. Johnson’s life, and they do not be
lieve that ne had any such policy. Mr.
Johnson's estate is not large, bat suffi
cient to keep his surviving family above
want.
A FEW ERRORS ABOUT GEORGIA.
paper, and doubtless tries J® tell the
truth, bnt whenever it tongW. npon
Southern subjects it is so ignSrhnt that
it falls into very serious, iftistakes.
Speaking of the recent attempted insur
rection in Georgia, it says : /
Any attempt on the part, of the white people
of Georgia to prove that the negroes of that
State had recently engaged iu enormous
plot of assassination will only‘react against
themselves. In the first place; tho negro, as
he is found at the far South, is ton-cowardly to
engage in revolution, and too igtffkr&nt to or
ganize a conspiracy; and, in the seeond place,
he is so largely outnumbered in Georgia, and
the laws there boar so heavily against him,
that he wonld not dare lift his finger against
the whites. The trouble in the State named,
we aro afraid, arises ftgm the fact
that the Democratic party there, Biiiee its ac
cession to power, has been reactionary in its
legislation, and has violated the (Mrit, if not
the letter, of the;constitutional ftfiendments.
Certainly a poll tax has been htvied which
practically disfranchises the blaelp and which
would deprive a large percentage*the whites
of the suffrage if it were enfreed against
them; while a special jury law; enacted by a
Democratic Legislature, prsajrijjjt'an effectual
barrier to the entry of a Hegtffiwb the jury
box. The common school State,
also been destroyed and' a code dree ted, under
which thousands of the freedmen have refused
to live, has driven a large nuufber of the la
borers of the State to seek other fleldß beyond
the Mississippi. The Ku-Klux have been un
masked and the bloody rag bleached; but there
is a sentiment all over the country—more pow
erful now than ever before—which insists upon
fair play for all parties. If the Georgians are
wise they will heed it.
The white people of Georgia are
abundantly able to substantiate every
charge which they have made of at
tempted insurrection, not only by their
own testimony, but by the confessions
of the negroes themselves who had en
gaged in this scheme of plunder and
assassination. The laws of Georgia do
not “bear more heavily against the ne
gro” than against the white man. There
is not a single line or letter of the stat
ute book which makes the slightest dis
crimination between the two races.
What is a crime when committed by the
black is equally a crime when commit
ted by the white, and just the same pun
ishment is inflicted npon one as the
other. “The trouble in the State” does
not arise from the fact that the Demo
cratic party since its accession to power
has been “reactionary in its legisla
tion,” and has “violated the spirit if noc
the letter of the constitutional amend
ments.” There has not been a single
law passed since the accession of the
Democrats to power which has at all
disturbed the former relations existing
between the two races. There has not
been a single law passed by the Demo
cratic Legislature which was de
signed to interfere or which has in
uny matter interfered with the exercise
of the elective franchise by the colored
voters. The “poll tax” which the limes
says practically disfranchises the blacks
and which would deprive a large per
centage of the whites of the suffrage if
enforced against them, was not levied
by a Democratic Legislature since the
emancipation of the slaves and the
passage of the constitutional amend
ments. The statute assessing the poll
tax was a law of the land long before
Mr. Lincoln dreamed of the emancipa
tion proclamation and it was expressly
recognized aud confirmed by the Re
publican Constitutional Convention
which framed a constitution for the
State in 1668. is just easily orr-
forced against and applies as strongly to
the whites as the blacks. The “special
jury law” was not enacted by a Demo
cratic but by a Republican Legislature
—to-wit: The Legislature elected in
1868—and it presents no barrier to the
entrance of a negro into the jury box
which is not also presented to the en
trance of a white man. The law only
provides that “upright and intelli
gent persons” shall be selected as
jurors ; does the Times wish us to put
the lives and fortunes ol our people at
the mercy of the ignorant and vicious?
The common school system “organized
by a Republican Legislature” has not
been destroyed, but, on the contrary,
has been strengthened and fostered by
the Democrats. The Republican Legis
lature assisted it by stealing the entire
school fund. The Democrats pay
promptly what is due and have estab
lished schools all over the State for the
education of the negroes. A eo'de has
not been “erected” under which the
freedmen of the State have refused to
live. The code under which we now
live was framed before .the war, but has
had eliminated from its pages every ac
tion framed to suit a time of slavery or
whioh makes any distinction in the
treatment of the two races, This code
was also formally approved and adopted
by the Republican Constitntional Con
vention of 1868. The Times should be
more oareful in its assertions. A lie to
every line is above the average of even
an “independent” newspaper.
Jesse Pomeroy has another rival in
San Francisco in the person of Harry
Rogers, who has just got before the
Courts for torturing a little playmate.
When about eight years of age the
yoongster was seized with a passion for
torturing animals; once he literally
flayed alive a little pappy belonging to
bis stepfather, bat his favorite pastime
was to catch the neighbors’ chickens
and hack away at them with pieces of
glass, prolonging their tortures by
avoiding any wound in the neck or other
vital part. Soon after he manifested a
disposition to bite and pinch children,
and he was sent home from school after
school because he hart his playmtß.es.
Finally, after two years of trouble, his
mother, who is an invalid, got him board
with a family in the country, and here
he went from bad to worse, till, the
other day, he shockingly mutilated a
child of the family less than three years
old. Having inveigled it into the barn
and partially covered it with sacks, he
proceeded to cat the child’s hips with a
piece of bone which had been broken so
as to have a very sharp edge, inflicting
no less than nineteen wounds, and fin
ished by nearly severing its right ear
from its head. Young Rogers was in
stantly sent home to his mother, signal
izing his arrival by setting fire to the
curtains and nearly destroying the
house. His mother declares that the
mania has come upon him entirely with
in the past two years, and that, when
accused of his misdeeds, he frankly
owns np, only saying he “could not help
it.” The boy presents no marked pecu
liarities of appearance, and is especially
lacking in the full under jaw, generally
supposed to indicate a bloodthirsty dis
position ; at school he studies well, and
is fully equal in point of education to
average boys of his age. The Jndge
before whom he was taken committed
him to the Industrial School.
The boy with the bare feet, tesselated
pants, father’s eoat, and a gandy base
ball cap on his head, appears to have
gained a permanent stand in the com
munity.—Danbury News.
“I would advise yon to put your head
into a dye tab, it’s rather red,” said a
joker to a sandy-haired girl. “I would
advise yon to put yours into an oven, it
is rather soft,” said Nancy.
In Norway the longest day lasts three
months. The man who six months ago
promised to call in a day or two and set
tle his little bill most have gone to Nor
way on a visit.— Turner Falla Reporter.
ADDRESS
MSB, VIA. by the
HON. ALEXANDER H, STEPHENS,
At Anthon School Exhibition, Houston
County, Ga., July 8, 1875.
The exercises of the exhibition began at 9
o’olock and continued until 11:30 o’clock, when
a recess of thirty minutes was given, during
which many friends were introduced to Mr.
Stephens and many oid ones tendered him
their warmest salutations. At 12 o'clock he
was presented to the audience by Mr. H. W.
Baldwin, the teacher of the school, as follows:
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I have the distinguished honor of present
ing to you to-day a gentleman whose very
name is the pride of every Georgian—a gen
tleman whose public reputation bursting into
light a third of a century ago has been in
creasing in lustre until its beams are now ex
tending to every qnarter of the civilized globe.
Asa statesman, his image will repose in future
ages in the same niche of Fame’s Great Tem
ple with that of Jefferson, of Webster, of Cal
liou'n and of Clay; as a philanthropist, his life
long devotedness to the true interests and
glory of the people of Georgia as well as of
the whole Unionjtnd his countless noble deeds
in behalf of suffering humany, have justly won
him the appellation of the “Great Commoner"
of the age; as a historian, his “Constitutional
View of the War Between the States,” and his
“School History of the United States”—im
perishable monuments of truth—will rank
him in succeeding times as the Thucydides of
his native land; as a patriot, as an orator, as a
philosopher, and as a soholar, his name is hon
ored, not only in Georgia, bnt throughout our
common country.
While, however, we love to honor him in all
Abese exalted capacities, we appreciate him no
oatnie of education. Who Can estimate the
moral influence exerted by the numerous bene
ficiaries of his liberality—men who owe the be
ginning of their successful career in the varied
and nseful walks of life to aid and impulses
given by this illustrious benefactor? It is,
therefore, with peculiar pride, I introduce him
on this occasion as the devoted patron and
friend of education. I need not tell yon, la
dies and gentlemen, that X allude to the Hon.
Alexander H. Stephens.
Mr. Stephens then rose by the assistance of
his crutches, and spjke as follows :
Respected Auditobv— My friend. Mr. Bald
win, in the ardor of his personal feelings (he
will please excuse me for saying it), has cer
tainly greatly overwrought the picture he has
drawn, and excited expectations which you
will come far short of realizing from anything
I may say on this occasion. While he has at
tributed to me qualities and distinctions which,
I am perfectly conscious, are far beyond pro
per bounds in many particulars; yet in one
thing ho was perfectly correct, and that was
when he spoke of me as the devoted patron
and friend of education. It is in the advocacy
of this cause I appear before you to-day. I
take occasion also to say in the outset that it is
a source of gratification to me, that after all
my public speeches and addresses in various
parts of the State, and after all my political
canvassing for quite "a third of a century," at
one time or another, in almost every other sec
tion of the State, it has so turned out that my
first address before the people of Houston
county is upon so noble a theme.
What I propose to say at present on the sub
ject in hand, will be directed chiefly to the at
tention of the Teacher, the Patrons and the
Pupils of this school. My remirks, however,
while so speciallly directed, will, nevertheless,
be equally applicable to all other teaohers,
parents and chddren in this large assembly.
It iB not my intention to indulge so much in the
bare utilitarian views of the subject, as is usual
in addresses of this kind. I propose to take a
much wider, broader and more comprehensive,
though only outline, glance of the great topic
under consideration. The utilitarian view is
confined generally to the necessity of mental
culture for success in life, and the attainment
of those honors and distinctions, as well as es
tates which are so highly prized by the aspiring
and ambitious. It is not my purpose in any
way to depricate in the slightest degree, the
highest attainment of mental culture for these
or any other laudable objects. Mind is indeed
an important and elevating part of man. By
its proper training and development, not only
may high position and riches be obtained, but
also those refined pleasures may be secured
and enjoyed which spring alone from mathe
matical and scientific investigations; from
diving into and unfolding the mysteries
of nature; from understanding the laws
of the material universe—the principles
governing cloud formations, storms, tem
pests and lightning; from penetrating
the depths of earth and ooean ( and
soaring to the skies, and not only meas
uring the distances to there mote twinkling
orbs above, and weighing as if in a balance to
the fraction of a pound, the sun, moon, and
all the planets with their satillites of our sys
tem, but of ascending higher to those laager
suns or far off stars, centres of which grahder
systems in the heavens above than that to
which our little world belongs.
All these things, with the accompanying
pleasures of the pursuit, lie within the scope
of intellectual power to attain. But mind or
intellect is not the only part of man. It is not
even the greatest. He is composed of three
distinct parts or elements. He consists of
ind
inscrutable, thinking, and self-determining or
reasoning principle. To these two in man’s
composition enters another, a third, and a
much higher principle or attribute, and that is
his spiritual or soul part. In the material part
of his triune nature, man differs from all in
ferior animals in nothing but the greater
beauty, symmetry and perfection of his physi
cal organization. In mind, or the thinking, or
self-determining principle, he in like manner
differs from the inferior animal only in degree.
In the order of creation, organized matter ap
peared first in its simplest form, as seen ip the
vegetable kingdom. It is thus exhibited in
every variety of plants in this realm from the
ferns, the grasses, the herbs, the flowers, up
to the stately trees of the forests. The or
ganization of matter in this, its simplest
form, may be styled life in unity of organiza
tion.
Next in the order of creation came the infe
rior animal kingdom embracing the fishes of
the sea, the birds of the air, and the beasts of
the field, from the lowest to the highest of
their respective types. To these, besides bare
matter, was added the same inscrutable, think
ing, or self moving and Belf-determing princi
ple, just referred to. This form of organiza
tion, or the union of matter with the thinking
principle may be styled life in duality of orga
nization.
But last of all in the order of creation came
man. In his formation and constitution the
Triune God said: 1 'Let us make man in our
image, after our likeness ; and let them have
dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the
fowl of the air, and over the earth, and over
every creeping thing that creepeth upoh the
earth : so Goa created man in his own image ;
in the image of God created He him, male and
female created He them.”
Into man thus created, God “breathed the
breath of life and man became a living soul.”
Man, therefore, diffors from all other animals
on earth chiefly in this, that in the composition
of his nature, he is in the likeness of his
Creator a trinity, while all others are but a
duality. These elements of the trinity of man’s
nature wore by the Greeks denominated,
'Soma, Noos and Psuche ;’ by the Latins, ’Cor
pus, Mens and Animus ;’ while in English they
are characterized by the words, ‘Body, Mind
or Intellect, and Spirit or Soul.’ They are the
same elements, doubtless, designated by Paul,
according to our rendition, by the words,
‘Spirit Soul and Body.’
This soul part of man is what chiefly distin
guishes him from all other aninfals. It is this
which fumisheß the shortest and most perfect
definition of his generic difference from all
others, Man has been well defined to be a
‘‘religious animal.” To him alone is given this
link—this "Beligo”—or religious or moral tie,
which unites him in spiritual communion with
his Creator, and from which springs his im
mortality. The part he is to perform in the
drama of existence is, therefore, not confined -
to this stage of action.
This threefold nature of its subjects, and
especially the highest, should, as a matter of
course, therefore, never be ignored in con
sidering the objects and enda aimed at by edu
cation in that more comprehensive view I pro
pose to take of the subject. Education is the
forming process of the full development of
this triple nature of its subjects. Even in the
lowest organization referred to, the great
power and influence of the forming process of
development is wonderfully exhibited. “Just
as the twig is bent, the tree’s inclined.” The
same power and influence of the forming pro
cess over development in the second class of
organization referred to, in taming, training,
domesticating, and perfecting the inferior ani
mals for proper use, are even more marvelous
ly exhibited in daily experience.
Education properly viewed, then, consists
not barely in the acquisition of knowledge—in
learning to spell, to read, to write, to cipher,
or to reach the highest attainments in Mathe
matics. Literature, or the Natural Sciences, for
success in the various pursuits or profes
sions of life. It comprehends a vast
deal more. It embraces the proper de
velopment of the body as well as the
mind; and it also embraces the higest and
more important object of the proper develop
ment of the moral nature of its subjects,
which should be the chief aim in the formation
of character. While the culture and develop
ment of the spiritual part of man do not he
within the province of the generel teacher or
instructor, yet it is not to be ignored or ne
glected in the range of duties pertaining to
that office. Nothing is further from my in
tention than to create the impression by any
thing in thesd remarks that considerations re
lating specially to either the proper bodily or
spiritual development should be brought di
rectly into the school-room. This arena, or
the Teacher’s province in ite proper sphere,
embraces within its special range only such
considerations as relate to the mental or in
tellectual development. But while this is true,
what I maintain is that in this development of
culture, due regard should ever be paid the
other co-ordinate departments. These must
not be ignored. It should ever be borne in
mind that true education consists in preserv
ing perfect symmetry in the whole, in the
proper formation of character. The mind
most not be stimnlated in its development to
the dwarfing of the energies of the body or
weakening the emotions of the soak Too
ranch training of the mental department of
mm tends necessarily to the dwarfing of the
physical and spiritual departments. The ma
terial part, though the least in his composition,
is not to be neglected in ite sphere in training
for the great ends aimed at any more than the
mental and spiritual. The laws regulating
each of these are totally different in their
respective spheres. The laws regulating
health, hygiene and physical develop
ment. to' the greatest perfection, are
totally different from those regulating
the like development of the mental and moral
faculties. The health of the body, therefore,
with all its energies as well as those graces of
action which give beauty and dignity to person,
and manners and amenity in intercourse with
others, should never be lost sight of in educa
tion even in the school room. On this point I
win take occasion to express the opinion that chil
dren onght not to be confined in the school room
above six hours a dap. One fourth of the
twentv-fonr hours is quite enough for the ex
ercise* of their mental powers. They should
be permitted and, if need be, required to take 1
a great deal of active out-door exerciee, either
at play or useful employment. Their tender
mental faculties grow weary and become ex
hausted sooner than their physical energies.
The ten-hour rule of labor may do for grown
up people, but it is too mhoA for girls and
boys.
In reference to matters of religion, the les
sons of the school room should go to this ex
tent at least, that they belong to another and
higher sphere of laws than those governing
the intellectual powers—that they are not sub
ject to those laws by which material aud all
scientific investigations are conducted. The
laws which govern' bodily develowment. as I
have stated, are different from those which
govern mental development; while those differ
quite as widely also from thole which govern
spiritual growth or development. Spiritual
truths, however, when reached by the opera
tion of spiritual laws in their own proper
sphere, are of the same nature as all otljor
truths; but they can never be reached by the
mental faculties. The mind can successfully
deal only with matters within its own sphere;
and with all its powers and capacities can no
more perceive the relations of things outside
of its sphere than a blind person can realize
the beauty of combined colors, or one deaf be
made sensible of the harmony of music.
But to return, the chief object of education,
therefore, in its broadest sense and in its
three co-ordinate departments is not only to
teaoh its subjects how to think and to reason,
but how to act as moral beings; or, iu other
words, to fit its snbjeots severally, male and
female, for the fullest accomplishment of the
ends of that immortal existence allotted to
man. Gicero displayed great learning in his
treatise entitled “ Be Finibus;” that is the
chief ends to which human action should bo
directed. The conclusion at which he arrived
was that the pursuit of virtue should bo the
main object; inasmuch as this quality not only
fitted the possessor for the greatest amount of
usefulness, bnt also secured the greatest
amount of happiness. He but enlarged upon
the doctrines and teachings of Pythagoras,
were all great teaohers and moulders of human
character. They labored to impress upon the
minds of their pupils or disciples that they
should strive to be great in this life, only as
far as they were good. Their philosophy was
perfectly right as far as it went. It was as
near the goal as it is possible for bare human
reason to reach.
The plain corollary even from their philo
sopy is that the foundation principles of such
character as the object of education should be
to form with a view to the ends and aims of
this life only, are truth, integrity and honesty.
The first and chiefest of these is truth. It is
the seminal principles of all virtues. But each
of‘these essential requisites should be in
stilled in the mind of the child at the hearth
stone. as well as the pupil in the school-room,
and the higher student in the college hall.
However high the mental acquirements may
be, or however brilliant the displays of genius
may be; yet without truth, integrity and honor,
all these are but as “sounding brass and a
tinkling cymbal.” When Cyrus, the distin
guished founder of the Persian Empire, whose
education is so minutely and graphically, evien
if romantically, set forth by Xenophon, was
asked what was the first thing he ever
learned, he replied “to tell the truth." The
same lesson, it seemed, was early taught by
his noble parents to Washington, the chief
among the founders of our great Federal Re
public. This clearly appears from what is
said in the account of his thoughtless use in
childhood, of a hatchet upon the favorite
fruit tree of his father.
Let the teacher of this Bohool, therefore,
and all teaohers and all parents and all guar
dians present, ever remember that the first,
leading, and last lesson, to be impressed upon
the minds of the young, is not only, in all
things, to tell the truth, but to cherish and
cultivate an admiration for it. The ascertain
ment of truth in all the relations of life and
intercourse with fellow beings or the acts of
others, as well aB in matters of soience or reli
gion, should be the polar star to which all
should ever look in inquiries and investigations
of every sort. In nothing should any other
ever be judged without a hearing, and no one
should ever be censured or condemned by bare
report or gossip. “Wait for the facts and the
ascertainment of the truth,” should be a max
im with all, The same rule I would urge not
only upon all the pupils of this school now sur
rounding me, but upon all the children in this
assembly. Remember now and so long as your
lives last that the truth is not only one of the
essential requisites of all character whioh will
merit the admiration of mankind; but it is the
beginning and the end of all knowledge. The
object of all learning and of all investigations
into the relations of things in every depart
ment of science, material or moral, as well as
in the administration of justice in hugtan af
fairs, is the ascertainment and maintenance of
truth.
Next to this, ohildren at the hearthstone as
well as in schools should be thoroughly im
pressed with the oouviotion, that all character
worth attaining is founded on integrity and
honesty. Integrity is that pure and incorrupti
ble virtue which adheres inflexibly to princi
ple. By honesty, I mean what the Latin
philosophers termed “Honestum.” It is more
comprehensive than our word honesty, in its
usual import. It embraces our meaning of the
word Honor, as well as the idea of just deal
ings with our fellows. Without true honor,
there can be no really great character. There
is perhaps no v, ord upon which the public
mind is more generally at fault in its concep
tion of the oorreot import, than the word
tl'iupj. .A.'lcnv mo to. eay that it Implies every-,
tmnglnTonffast With lheanuess, and comes"
up to everything embraoed in the word Right.
To act honorably is to act rightly. Nothing is
dishonorable of whioh no one should be
ashamed; and no one should be more ashamed
of anything than of an untruth or an unjust
act. No act is dishonorable in any sphere or
vocation of life which is useful. Everything
is mean and therefore dishonorable, whioh
tends wantonly to hurt or injure another, how
ever low or high. Children, never be ashamed
of anything that is not wrong in itself, or does
not tend to injure, wound or offend the taßtes or
feelings of others. Some imagine honor to
consist in a certain fancied gentility of bear
ing, and the resentment of what they consider
an insult to their dignity. This class s em
never onco to think that it is downright dis
honorable and mean to speak wantonly in
harsh or offensive language to inferiors; or to
appear in public, elegantly attired at the ex
pense of a merchant or tailor. To prooure
credit under false pretenses is the quintes
sence of meanness, and therefore a high mark
of dishonor. Persons of this class woul feel
ashamed to send their children to school bare
foot or with patched clothes, but would not in
the least degree ashamed to send them well
dressed, though the means of doing this
should be thus dishonorably aaquired. All
such ideas or notions of hinor are wrong.
What I wish to impress upon every one that
hears me is, that real honor oonsists in speak
ing truly, and acting rightly and justly in all
things. Children, to be honorable, you must
take no advantage in your plays or dealings
with your associates. Whoever cheats will
steal if opportunity offers. There is no dif
ference between these acts upon principle. You
that are better off in life should never by
deed, look, or even tone of voice conveying a
snder or sport, unnecessarily wound the feel
ings of an humbler comrade. Such acts have
in them the unmistakable marks of meanness.
The true principle in tbis particular will load
you to avoid mischievously wronging, or doing
injury to any living creature in God's creation.
Hurt not, molest not, the harmless bird that
wings its way through the air, and warbles its
notes upon the neighboiing bough, however
strong the promptings of your nature may be
to possess yourself of so charming an object.
That bird may have little ones in its carefully
constructed home nest to which its parental
care is devoted, as your mother's care is de
voted to you around your home fireside. What
suffering with death might occur to the little
starving breod thus cut off from their nurture
by your thoughtless act for a momentary plea
sure ! My injunction to you is, never wantonly
to crush oven a worm in your pathway. Man
indeed has dominion over the birds of the air,
fishes of the sea, beasts of the forests, and
even the creeping things on earth ; but this
dominion should be exercised with the same
spirit of right and justice which characterizes
the universal dominion of the Lord of lords.
One word more to you, pupils of this school,
and all you other children present, remember
and ever bear in mind that the objects of your
education are to fit you for the part that you
are to perform in the life that now is as well
as that which is to come. Your aspirations,
therefore, should be of the highest order. The
highest of human honors duly attained come
properly within the range of these aspirations.
Let your ambitioff, or rather your spirit of
emulation in striving for these honors so to be
obtained, be of the highest degree. Let your
first object, however, be, not the distinction or
the honor of position, or office, but the render
ing of yourselves fit for the performance of the
duties incident thereto. Strive not for those
less than empty honors which position may
confer upon you, but rather for those sub
stantial honors which your fitness for the per
formance of the duties of any station however
high, may enable you to confer upon the
place or position to which you may attain by
merit alone.
Now a word specially to the patrons of this
school and to all parents present. The highest
duty yon owe to your children is to give them,
if possible, just such a training and such an
education for the objects and ends set forth as
I have endeavored so briefly to outline. It is
the richest inheritance you can bequeath them.
Mr. Jefferson who was the chief apostle of
libev.y and humanity In his day and age, and
who was one of the profoundest political
philosophers that ever lived in any age or
clime, was the som of a man of great wealth.
The father died when the son was but fourteen
years old. The thorough education of this son
lay nearer his heart than all the wealth he had
to bestow upon him. His dying injunction was
that Thomas should receive such an education
above every other consideration. This wise
parent had in the early life of- his son looked
wen to that part of education which I have
designated as physical development. He bad
also deeply impressed upon his youthful mind
many pertinent maxims and. principles on the
other subjects to which I have referred.—
Among these was proper respect to superiors
with due conrtesy to inferiors. Of the whole
retmne of servants that thronged the paternal
mansion, Thomas was tanght never to call
upon one for any personal service that he
could reader himself. The maxim was “Never
ask another to do for yon what you can do for
yourself."’ Long in after life, when Mr. Jef
ferson had attained the highest distinction his
countrymen could bestow upon him, he often
said he more highly prized the education se
cured by the dying injunction of his father
than all the estates he had left him. So will it
be with your children, patrons and parents, if
yon can bat sncoeed in securing for them that
education which should be your chief object.
If your means be ever so limited you cannot
dispose of them to their utmost extent in a
better way. Even the widowed mother who
earns her mites by toiling with the needle
with her darling boy at her side, cannot better
dispose of these mitee, after subsistence sop
plied, than in the education of that boy—in
that thorough training, bodily, mentally and
morally, which shall fit him for that greatest
usefulness in that part which lie is to act in
the drama of existence. It may be the con
soling pleasure aa well as the laudable pride of
the declining yean of such a mother to see
that darling boy, in the prime of manhood,
crowned with the highest honors of his conn
try. His office may be
“The applause of listening Senates to com
m&nd,
The threats of pain and ruin to despise,
To scatter plenty o’er a smiling land,
And read his history in a nation'* eyes.”
In bringing tins outline sketch of the great
aims and objects of education to a close, I can
not forbear addressing a few additional words
specially to tbo patrons and teachers of this
School. The exhibition this day has been quite
sufficient to fill to the brim the cup of their
gratification. They ean but feel assured that
all their care, trouble aud expense iu founding
and building up this Institution have uot been
in vain. The hopa< and Happiness of- pareijts
are centered in their children'. How ntafiv
hearts of fathers and mothers have leaped
with joy at the displays just witnessed of those
for whose welfare, success, aud usefulness,
they live, toil, aud hope. Oould au equivalent
of these jpys be estimated in gold ? Institu
tions of than sort are nurseries of thought nod
character iu which scions of men aud womku
are nurtured and trained by culture and ft>r
other arenas. Who have ever been greater
benefactors to mankind in any age or country
than those who have founded and properly
conducted such nurseries ? Who ean estimate
the extent of the influence of the young men
sent forth from Mt. Zion Academy, Hancock
county, years ago, in guiding, directing, aud
shaping the fortunes of Georgia in lior rising ea
reer?Or who can approximate an estimate of the
extent of influence of tho scions so sent forth
from a like nursery at Willington, just bevond
the Savannah (trained by the master hand of
tho great educator of tho South. Moses Wad
dell. D. D.,) in directing, shaping and con
trolling tho fortunes of tho entire Southern
States m their grand progress for moro than
half a century ? It was at Willington that Mc-
Duffie, LeGare, Pettigrew aud Longstreet re
ceived thoir academic training. William H.
Crawford, and John C. Calhoun, besides many
other shining lights that have added lustre to
the bar, the benoh and tho legislative hall, as
well as the pulpit, from the Cougareo to tho
Mississippi, were also pupils of tho same great
master. In Mt. Zion and Willington, to say
nothing of other similar nurseries iu this or
other countries in the present or past ages,
*££££££&
by nob'.e intent and high resolve. My ardent
parting wish is that the Exhibition of this day
may prove to bo an earnest, of a future career
which will secure to it a hke recoguitiou of
usefulness and renown. w
THE OHIO CAMPAIGN.
[Special Corresptndence Chronicle aiul Sentinel.]
Cincinnati, Ohio, August 28, 1875.
In Georgia the Democrats havo things
so much in their own hands, aud elec
tions are carried so easily for them that
comparatively little of the scheming to
obtain votes from the people is witness
ed, as is the case here. With you the
whole struggle is to gain a nomination,
which is virtually equivalent to an educ
tion. But here in Ohio the tug of war
is after the candidates have been put
forward and gone before the people
with their claims. You cannot imagine
the interest with which the Democrats
and Radioals view the struggle in Ohio.
So intense has it become that issues
that do not belong to a State canvass
have been presented, and become the
leading points in the canvass.
The first and most important of these
is the cry of “No Popery” which is
raised by the Republicans with a view
that would do credit to any class of
Know Nothings that ever existed. The
cause of this is the desire of the Catho
lics for a division of the school fund
which is violently opposed by Republi
cans, and as they have nothing better to
offer as arguments they bring forth the
cry of “No Popery.” Consequently the
Demoorats will have the entire Catholic
vote of Ohio, whioh together with what
they already have ought certainly to
give them the victory.
Another issue that many think has
no business in a State campaign is the
question of the currency.
Those who hold that it has no right
to be brought forward in such a time
insist that it should only be a question
in national elections when Congressmen
and a President are to be elected, as on
ly Congress has the power to remedy any
existing evil, or to devise new plans for
the country. The contest in Ohio is
very bitter, and it is perplexing to read
a Democratic paper and then a Repub
lican one. Both with the greatest confi
dence insist that their respective parties
will be successful, and characterize their
opponents as the greatest blockheads
beoause they do not see as they do.
One thing has been a source of re
joicing to the Republicans in this and
other States. It is well that they can get
consolation of something. The cause of
pleasure has been the result of the elec
tion in Kentucky, in which State the
Democrats were successful. But as
MoCreary’s majority was 700 less than
Leslies in 1871 they argue that the
Democrats have not held their own and
. that the tidal wave has received a check.
'The'trtlth of the case is that McCreary
received more votes than any other man
ever did in Kentucky and although his
majority was 700 less he received 900
more votes than Leslie did, and Harlem,
the Republican candidate, ran ahead of
his ticket one thousand votes in the city
of Louisville owing to his personal
popularity in the city. All of this thou
sand votes may be counted as being from
Democrats. T.
THE GREAT SWIM.
London, August 25, 1875.—Captain
Webb, who started on his second at
tempt to swim the English Channel
from Dover to Calais on Tuesday, at
one o’clock in the afternoon, arrived at
the latter place to-day at noon, after be
ing in the water twenty-two hours and
forty-three minutes, nearly three hours
louger than the time in which ho cal
culated to accomplish the journey. At
half-past five, p. m., he was progressing
at the rate of twenty strokes a minute,
the sea and weather being favorable.
He was furnished with ale and beef tea,
and again at eight, p. m., with beef tea
and beer. After that he rested on his
back for a while. At nine o’clock he
became troubled with seaweed, and at
eleven he took a draught of cod liver
oil. When the moon rose, at one in the
morning, some brandy and tea were ad
ministered to him, Webb declaring at
the time that the swim across was “ a
safe thing.”
At three, a. m., he took some coffee.
At this time the tide turned northward,
and Webb appeared exhausted. His
trainer stripped and held himself in
readiness to go to Webb’s assistance,
but Webb laughingly declined the prof
fered aid. At this time he was still
keeping up a pace of twenty strokes per
minute. Fears were entertained that
the northern tide drift would throw
Webb abreast of Calais sands, as the
sequel proved. At four o’clock, a. m.,
and four miles further progress, day
light broke. Webb was drowsy, and
coffee and brandy were given him. At
half-past five Riden’s buoys were in
sight and their position located. At
seven o’clock a westerly breeze sprung
up and a chopping sea followed, making
the prospect extremely discouraging;
but the indomitable pluck of the swim
mer never faltered. A small skiff kept
on the weather side of Webb, who was
now swimming slowly and had just par
taken of a brandy straight.
Every twenty minutes soundings were
taken at eight and ten fathoms. Steam
ers came out from Calais and steamed
along side the gallant swimmer on the
weather side, the sea breaking all the
while. Cheers upon cheers went up,
and Webb seemed to feel their inspiring
influence. He laid a direct course for
Calais sands, westward of the pier, and
at half past ten, a. m., was in shallow
water. At forty minutes past ten, a. m.,
the heroic Webb stood on French soil,
tired of course, but very shortly recov
ered. He was conveyed to a hotel in a
carriage, rubbed down, put to bed, and
at one o’clock, when the Herald corres
pondent sailed for Dover, Webb was
tranquilly asleep, and the doctors had
no fears of any serious consequences.
Webb naked beats Boyton armored
about two hours. The wildest excite
ment prevails in London, and the press
pronounce the swim the greatest phys
ical feat of the century.
WHY THIS SECRET?
[Chicago Times.]
A clandestine marriage recently occur
red here which is likely to cause a good
deal of talk. The parties are Lieut. W.
H. Tiffany, of the regular army, and son
of Rev. Tiffany, of the Metropolitan
Church, of Washington, and Mrs. Capt.
D. W. Wallingford, a leading Washing
ton belle, who was the recipient at the
Centennial tea party last Winter of
marked attention from Secretary Belk
nap, which caused newspaper comment.
The ceremony took place at the resi
dence of Dr. Vananda, of the Lnion
Methodist Church, in the presence of
that gentleman, his wife, and a leading
clergyman of this city. The whole af
fair was kept very secret, the parties not
living together after their marriage.—
The husband, however, visited the lady
at her hotel, and upon one occasion was
caught by the virtuous night watchman
entering the lady’s room. TCie matter
investigated, and to shield them
selves from scandal the couple explained
the situation and eqjoined secrecy.—
Lieutenant Tiffany was ordered to Fort
Concho a few days ago, and his bride
accompanied him as far as Austin, and
then went to her relatives, who are very
wealthy, and reside at Dalton, Ga., her
father being W. H. Wetmore, one of the
largest slave-holders in the State before
the war. Her first husband was Capt.
Wallingford, who lost his life in the
Modoc campaign. The purpose of so
mueh mystery is not understood.
NUMBER 36
THE STATE.
THE PEOPLE ANT) THE PAPERS.
Dawson has a surfeit of robbers.
Washington is out of postage stamps.
City tax of Newnan four-tenths of one
per cent.
Cotton is prematurely opening in Up
son county.
Planters near Columbus complain of
rust in cotton.
Aggregate value of property in Banks
county, §795,846.
And now Atlanta is going iuto the
dog killing business.
The young men of Carnesville are
holding weekly prayer meetings.
<1- W. Crump has moved from Tuccoa
City back to Franklin county.
Forty-five tax payers of Coweta couu
ty pay taxes on §IO,OOO and upwards.
Seventy odd persons havo joined the
church from the recent revival in Tal
batton.
Mrs. Dr. Burt, of Sparta, who was in
jured by a fall some tiu - ago, is able to
ride out again.
Mr. Geo. Pardue, of Senoia, has sold
nearly §SO worth of watermelons off of
one square acre.
There will be no camp-meeting at
Parker’s camp-ground in Washington
oounty this year.
- Washington has reorganised her
.casAb-yjyuapany.undor the came of the
“Rebel Hussars. ’
Mr. Geo. Mitchell, merchant and post
master at Crawfordville, is dangerously
ill with typhoid fever.
Mr. White, of the New York Tribune,
is in Saudersville reporting the insurrec
tion trial for that paper.
James Names, a Columbus youth aged
17, attempted suicide wfth laudanum,
Saturday, August 28th.
J. D. Chalmers, a Columbus contrac
tor and builder, and ex-alderman, sui
cided with morphine the night of Au
gust 27th.
In a radius of six hundred yards in
the town of Monroe, Walton county,
there are six pairs of twins. -AH of them
were born this year.
The Washington Male Academy will,
probably, be opened early next month,
with Mr. J. I. Ingraham, of Gordon
county, Principal.
The Enterprise says Covington has a
a secret society called the Busy Bees.
Its members are composed of the sweet
est and prettiest little girls in town.
,On Tuesday morning last, about two
o’clock, the residence of Mr. Daniel
Ware, about six or eight miles from La-
Grange, was totally destroyed by fire.
The Constitution notes the presence,
in Atlanta, of Colonel W. T. Davidson,
the geniai and facile correspondent of
the Constitutionalist (a paper printed in
Augusta).
Messrs. Ludden & Bates will present
the Gem piano as the first prize at the
third grand spelling bee in Savannah,
which General Ticket Agent Bren is now
working up.
Young white girls are put in the chain
gang in Savannah, and made to work on
the streets with the colored convicts.
The Savannah News very properly calls
it an outrage.
Carnesville is moving forward. She
is to have anew academy immediately,
the one in present use being nearly a
mile from town. A first class school in
every respect is contemplated.
Married, on Tuesday, the 3d inst.,
at the residence of the bride’s father,
Col. M. M. Tidwell, Mr. James H. Sel
man and Miss Sallie Tidwell, all of Car
roll county, Georgia.
Henry Braulley, a youth of some
eighteen years, drowned himself in Lit
tle River, Sunday morning, just above
Cherokee Mills. It seems ho has been
subject to mental aberration for some
two years.
The Barnesville Gazette says : We
regret to chronicle the general appear
ance of rust in cotton in this section.
From reports, we fear that the ootton
will be seriously damaged. In some
localities tlitf leaves are alt dying under
its influence. T 1 3- ’
An interesting meeting closed at New
Hightower Baptist last week,
Rev. Joshua Cantrell officiating. Seven
teen new members were received in the
church. This church was organized two
years ago with seven members, and now
numbers eighty-eight.
Mr. Wiley Rowland, quite an old man,
aged about seventy-six years, died
Thursday, the I9th, at his home near
Antioch, and was buried on Friday ac
cording to the Grange burial service by
the Antioch Grange, having requested
before his death to be thus buried.
In a difficulty, in Hawkinsville, be
tween two men named Cat-roll and Mc-
Neill, the latter was shot with a pistol in
the hips, thigh and loins. A young man
named Pate, trying to pari, them, was
shot in the shoulder.
Washington was thrown into a great
hubbub, last week, by the discovery of
an anonymous letter which spoke of a
“meeting at the graveyard, at midnight,
of three hundred with arms,” and kill
ing “every damned one of • the white
rasoals, from the cradle to the grave.”
There was mounting in hot haste, and
hurrying to and fro, and a great deal of
excitement, but nobody hurt, as the
Washingtonians seem to have been made
the victims of a miserable hoax.
Mr. Malley Miller was tried in Ameri
cus on the charge of cruelly whipping a
pupil and acquitted. A special to the
Atlanta Herald says that after the trial
Mr. Jack Me Math said he intended to
go over to school himself, and take a
hickory stick with him, and that he in
tended to do as he pleased, and see if
th 9 school teacher would whip him. He
went and attacked the teacher, who,
after retreating for some time and re
ceiving several blows, shot McMath,
who, at last accounts, was reported
dying.
According to the New York Sun, Ir
win, the young Georgia cadet, doing
duty as sentinel at the West Point en
campment, when he had disabled two
hazers, who attempted to pitch him
down the ravine, told Col. Rnger that he
was extremely sorry for hurting them—
did not mean to do it—was just knock
ing around promiscously to save him
self. Ruger replied: “I, too, am sorry
to learn of the thrust, but only because
you did not do it on purpose. It should
have been done by yon as a soldier, and
the bayonet should have run up to the
hilt.”
The Columbus Enquirer says: The
trade in dried peaches is immense. One
Columbus firm paid out last season for
them $5,000, which at ten cents will
purchase 500,000 pounds or about 16,500
bushels. Other parties were also buy
ing them. It is asserted that twice as
many have been brought in this year as
reached the market during the last.
The supply this season will be in the
neighborhood of a million pounds. As
soon as a car load is obtained they are
sent North. The largest shipments this
season have been sent to the great
Northwest and fair profits realized.
The following item comes to us from
Indian Spring: A long, lean, lank
specimen of humanity stopping at one
of the boarding houses at the Spring,
who had never seen or tasted any horse
radish, noticing the ladies using small
bits of it on their mutton, concluded to
get his portion of the delicacy before it
was all gone, dipped down into the jar
and brought forth a full table spoon of
the article. He put the whole spoon
ful on a small bit of mutton, and hid
the same in his capacious mouth by a
single flop of his jaws. His mouth
opened from ear to ear, tears flowed
from his eyes, and he looked toward the
ceiling, exclaiming: “ D—m you !
B-l-a-z-e !” The ladies and gentlemen
present, of course, smiled.
The Commonwealth-Herald, August
20th, says : “A case of the most brazen
and audacious defiance of social respect,
was witnessed yesterday at the passen
ger depot. One A. J. White, former
President of the Macon and Western
Railroad, it is well known, has been and
is still living in open adultery with a
blubber-lipped negro wench, his former
slave, by- whom he has had a number of
mulatto children. These he hopes to
foist—by reason of his wealth and for
mer position—upon the society of ladies
and gentlemen; and yesterday he had
the audacity to demand a ticket and
place in the Baltimore sleeper for his
hybrids. The ticket was promptly re
fused him by the efficient Superintend
ent of the company in this city, Mr.
Rhear, whereupon the said A. J. YVinto
forced bis way into the sleeper, selected
one of the choicest berths, and installed
his ill-born mulattoes therein, taking
his seat among the passengers with as
much cheek and brazen impudence as if
he had never forfeited,the respect of
every decent white man or negro in the
land by hiis shameless life.”