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WILLIAM E. JONES. AUGUSTA, Ga, SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 27, 1839. V ol. Ill— No 47
■tat: chronicle and ssmtinel
PUBLISHED,
daily, tri-weekly, and weekly
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P &IIIUJNICL.K AND SI4NTINUL.
AUGUSTA.
FRIDAY MORNING., APRIL 20.
Much has been said of late about the interfer
p cnee of office holders under the General Govern
s ment, with the freedom of state elections. Too
Bft- much cannot be said against the tolerance of this
Hptorrupting and demoralizing practice. It was un
fc, known in the earlier and purer days of the repub
||lie, and seems to have grown up with the degener
lacy of more modern politics. The fust adminis-
Strations under the constitution, depended upon
wisdom, justice and pat-iotism of their mea*
■ sures to secure the approbation and support ol the
■ people; but now, the practices of Washington
I and Jefferson are disregarded and our rulers
I place their reliance upon the zeal, activity
I and management of those who hold office
I under them, in using the influence of their
■ places to torture public opinion into seeming ap-
H proval. Office holders are now taught to know
il that their tenures are dependent upon the extent
|| and value of their services as whippers-in at elec
-11 tions. They have even been taxed a per centage
M upon their salaries and forced to contribute to
3 that extent, to defray the expenses of clcctioneer
|| ing campaigns. Those things are alarming and
« deserve the consideration of those who feel an
■ interest in the perpetuity and purity of our free
institutions. Wo shall recur to it often and
W again. The people shall not slumber over their
■ dearest rights, threatened as they are, with ruin,
9 from the corruption of the times.
9 We have been led into these hasty remarks, by
M the perusal of a powerful and stirring speech on
this subject, by the lion. W. C. Rives, of Vir
ginia, in the Senate of the United States at the
’f last session of Congress, which we intend to lay
1 before our readers at an early day,
A young artist of New Y r ork by the name ol
I Stout, has executed a full length statue of Queen
M Victoria, which is now exhibited at the Stuyve
■ sant institute of that city. The New York Her
» aid describes it as a masterpiece of workmanship,
M unequalled by any thing of modern European ex
-9 ecution.
i The two candidates for Governor of Tennes-
I see are making a tour of the state, travelling in
I company and making speeches to the people.
F They had a boat recently before the people of
Rutherford county, and their speeches arc reported
in the Nashville Banner. There seems to be
but little doubt of the success of Camion, the
Whig candidate, by a large majority.
I The Niles Intelligencer of a late date, contains
a letter from Prairie Du Chien of the 2d ultimo,
which states that trouble with the Winnebago In
dians was confidently looked for. That abou,
400 had collected on Rock River, who declare in
positive terms, their intention to resist the treaty
and not to remove unless compelled. The letter
says that from the last accounts, they were in
creasing in numbers daily.
The tunnel on the Chesapeake and Ohio Ca-
P nal, in Allegheny county, Maryland, is now near
ly half finished. It will be three thousand feet in
length, and the highest point of the mountain,
1 through which it passes, is 360 feet above the
level of the tunnel. The whole distance it is to
be cut through is solid rock.
Mr. Duane, late Secretary of the Treasury, has
published a narrative and a correspondence be
tween him and Gen. Jackson, concening the
removal of the Deposites. The publication is
spoken of as highly interesting.
In a li tter, which Mr. D. wrote to a friend soon
after his entrance into office, he alludes to the
Kitchen Cabinet, and thus speaks of Kendall.
However grievous it may be to suppose
such a thing, it is true, that there is an m
nEseoxsiiiLE cabal having more power than
the people are aware of.” ‘‘Mr. Kendall
I have seen but four times in my life up
up to the present hour, and, at no time have I
been in his presence longer than about ten min
utes. All 1 caiasay, is, that his conduct to Mr.
H. Clay, never seemed to be that of a pure man.
Consequently as it is in my nature to be repelled
or altractcd at once, I have obeyed my impulse in
avoiding him.
Florida.
The situation of the inhabitants of parts of this
Territory continues to be most dangerous and de
plorable. The National Intelligencer of Wed
| nesday says, that a letter received on the 18th
from Mr. Wm. D. Acken, a well-known respec
table former inhabitant of Washington city, un
der date of St. Mark’s, April sth, affords sufficient
evidence of this. The following is an extract
from it:
“Yesterday the Colonel was with me, and I
did anticipate he would have stayed with me
some time; but, (horrid to relate !) before the sun
set we received intelligence that Col. Scott’s house
had been attacked by Indians. Mrs. Baity and
children, with Mrs. Ferine, were there on a visit.
> Mrs. P. was shot dead, and one of the servants,
who was in the house at the time, was mortally
wounded; and Wm. Bailey, the child, was
wounded in the arm. This occurred about eight
o’clock on the night of the 3d inst. lam placed,
and have been, in a most wretched situation. I
am almost worn down, I have nothing more to
stale, but that my party [engaged in getting out
Navy limber] has been twice attacked this winter,
and we have been twice driven; one white man
was killed, and two Indians. We are now busy
shipping timber at the hazard of our lives,
“ There is no knowing what a day may bring
forth. This is written under great excitement.
We are in a horrid state.”
Extract of o letter from Glasgow,dated March 20
1539.
Atlantic Steamers. —“ We feel highly
gratitied to inform you that the keels of three
steamers of 1100 tons and 420 horse power, are
now about being laid. No expense will be spa ed
to make these boats equal to any vessels now
atloat. They are intended to be run between
Liverpool and Halifax twice a month, with a con
tinuation from the latter port to Huston, and other
steamers from Pictou for Quebec, which will, no
doubt, create not only a greater intercourse with
the United States, but an immense addition of
travel on the various rail roads, by which means
passengers and letters will arrive in Quebec in a
shorter time than they now do by steam to New
York.—Your friend Cunard has just left here,
after extending the size of the boats beyond the
power and tonnage first contemplated. The con
tract is made with Messrs. Wood and Napier, the
most extensive and successful builders in the
kingdom.
U. S. Pensioners. —Two millions four hun
dred and ninety-eight thousand nine hundred and
nineteen dollars was appropriated by Congress at
its late session for the payment of pensioners.
Great Fire at Ogdensbnrgh.
A Postscript to the New York American ofSat
urday says—“We regret to state that letters have
been received in town, which give an account of
a most extensive fire at Ogdensburg. It broke
out on Tuesday night last, and was raging with
violence at 4 o’clock P. M. on Wednesday, at
which hour the last part of one of the letters was
dated. On both sides of Ford street, the princi
pal street, and on State and Isabella streets, the
destruction has been complete. Among the hous
es burned was the Ogdensburg Hank, and many
of the most valuable stores in the place. It was
supposed by many to have been the work of in
cendiaries from the Canada side, threats to that
effect having been thrown out within a short
time previous.
New Orleans, April 19.
Mississippi. —The stale ofaffairs in Mississip
pi is any thing but flattering. The greatest dis
tress seems to prevail. The newspapers teem to
overflowing with legal advertisements. We hear
daily of the sacrifice of property, and credit is a
thing which is sometimes talked of but hardly
expected, much less known.
It will be remembered that prior to the com
mencement of the great breaking up, as the dark
day has been designated, the planters and mer
chants of Mississippi became largely indebted to
Ncw-Orlcans. Since that period, when our mer
cantile community became satisfied that they had
been unfairly dealt with by some of the Mississip
pians, who drew upon more than one house for
advances on the same productions of the season,
which were to be delivered, about ten thousand
suits have been instituted, and judgements ob
tained. When collections were attempted to be
made, by the proper officer, the executions were
stayed by what are termed “forthcoming bonds,”
giving additional security forthc payment against
a future date. The time for payment has come
around, and we understand that a declaration of
resistance has been made, threatening the officer
who may attempt to enforce the obligations. Be
sides our merchants are to suffer another delay,
as it is said, the bonds given were informal, and
have to be taken anew.
Same estimate may be placed on the situation
of things in Mississippi from the fact, that on a
single olfering day, upwards of 5,000 notes were
tendered the Union Hank for discount, amounting
in the aggregate to about $15,000,000! Great
distress must prevail, ana the worst may not have
come. It is a bitter thing to wake up from the
dream of cxhaustlcss wealth to the reality of em
barrassment and future poverty and labor. Such
we fear has been the fate of many, and we trust
that their backs may be strengthened to the bur
then.
Melancholy Shipwreck. —lt will be recol
lected that the brig Annawan, of and for Roches
ter, Ms. from a whaling cruise, was fallen in with
29th ult. lat. 35, 30, abandoned. The fate of her
crew is given in the subjoined letter, trom the
New York Express, dated:—
Guatama, P. K. March 17.
The brig Hulah, Mitchell, of Bangor, from
New York, arrived here yesterday and reports
that on the 3d inst. in lat. 36 N. fell in with the
brig Annawan, of Rochester, a complete wreck,
and full of water; took of Edmund Burke, boat
stecrer, Obed Chacc, Benj. Snow, Samuel Gaf
ford, I Charles Hall, Americans, and Frank Parsons
and Joe, Portuguese, the only survivors. I have
conversed with some of these men, who say, that
the A. was lying to, in a gale of wind, when a
sea boarded her in the night—washed oft' Jere
miah Berry, 2d mate, and most of the watch on
deck, filling the cabin and forecastles in the latter
somo were drowned. 'The Captain, Charles
Bales, and Wilson Fallow, mate, gained the main
top, also one or two roat steorcfs, and some sea
men, where they died in about 36 hours. The
captain died and fell olf, the mate came on deck
and died ; the captain was yet alive when the B.
hove in sight, but died before she reached them ;
the only survivors (seven) above named were ta
ken oft - . A few days afterwards fell in with schr.
Philenia, of Boston, from New York for Curacoa,
when Edmund Burke and Obed Chacc, went on
board her; the balance are here, and will sail in
several vessels bound to the States. The Anna
wan was out 7 months, and bound home with 575
barrels oil.
More Burninh on the Frontier.— The St.
Albans Messenger of April 11th, stales that sev
eral buildings had been burned since the affair at
Highgale, at Alburgh, and Caldwell’s Manor.
The Messenger says:
“The Governor bus forwarded 300 stand of
arms from the Arsenal at Vergenncs, and author
ised Gen. Nason to call out as many of his Bri
gade ns he should deem necessary for the protec
tion of this part of the frontier. About 300 men
have been drafted and put on duty. Half of this
number, we understand, were disbanded on Tues
day, as it was thought the present number would
be sufficient to guard the frontier in this section.
Should there be no further disturbance very soon,
they will probably all be disbanded. We sin
cerely hope these dastardly attacks upon private
property will be effectually stopped, and oui fron
tier citizens permitted to rest quietly.”
A Western editor speaking of the funeral of one
of the most distinguished citizens of the village,
says, “it was attended by a large concourse of his
yellow m citizens!” What a difference it makes
the substitution of a y for an f.
i
Preuictiow bv Dh. Johnson.— A writer in
the New \ork Journal of Commerce quotes the
following paragraph from the Adventurer of Oc
tober 16, 1753, long before the Thames and Sev
ern Canal was undertaken, and even before Ca
nals were known in England, and of course long
before the invention of steamboats or locomotives.
11 Men accustomed to reason and researches,
think every enterprise impracticable, which is
extended beyond common eflects, or comprises
many intermediate operations. Many that pre
sume to laugh at projectures, would consider a
ilight through the air in a winged chariot, aml
the movement of a m'ghty engine by the steam
of water, as equally the dreams of mechanic lu
nacy, and would hear with equal negligence, of
the union’of the Thames and Severn by a canal,
and the scheme ol Albuquerque, the Viceroy of the
Indies, who in the rage of hostility had contrived
to make Egypt a barren desert, by turning the Nile
into the Red Sea.”
Ext ito us.—The true church at this moment
lies in the Editors of newspapers. These preach
to the people daily, weekly, admonishing kings
themselves, advising peace or war, with an au
thority which only the reformers and a long past
class of popes, were possessed of; indicting mo
ral censure; imparting moral encouragement,
consolation, edification; always diligently admin
istering the discipline of the Church. It maybe
said, too, that in private disposition the new
preachers somewhat resemble the mendicant friars
of old times, outwardly full of zeal, inwardly not
without stratagem and hunger for terrestrial
things.
Zoological Societf. —At the ordinary mee
ting on Tuesday evening, a communication was
read from Lieutenant H. K. Sayers, 31st regt. on
the habits ot the chimpanzee, a late and most in
teresting addition to the menagerie at the Re
gent’s Park. About three years ago a male
( himpanzee was in the possession of the society
which attracted a great deal of attention, but
which died after it had been but a few months at
the gardens. Like the former specimen the pre
sent is a young one, which was purchased by
Lieutenant Sayers about eight months since from
a Mandingo, at Sierra Leone, who obtained it by
shooting the mother, the young animal always
remaining by the side of its wounded parent.
The reason why so few chimpanzcesare obtained
arises from a superstitious belief that they are ca
pable of bewitching persons, and the Mahomme
dans in the country believe that they were the
first people created by Allah, when the world
was different, and there was no bush ; in conse
quence, however, of their being lazy, Allah pun
ished them, by surrouding them with bush, and
rendering the wild fruit difficult to obtain. The
chimpanzee is found in all the countries from the
banks of the Gambia, in the north, to the kingdom
ofCoigoin the south, and the shores of the Bul
lour country, situated to the north of the river
Sierra Leone, arc infested by them in numbers
quite equal to the commonest species of monkey.
All the tales of the “wild man of the woods” are
fabled with regard to this species, who possess
great strength. The young one in the posses
sion of the society is supposed to be about 14
months old at the time he procured it; it was at
first remarkably docile, and exhibited great de
light with articles of clothing which it could at
anytime procure. Although fond of being ca
ressed by strangers, it did not exhibit any partiali
ty for other animals, and, although kept for four
or five months in a room with two Palas mon
keys, it did not show any disposition to become
friendly with them. Little opportunity has yet
been afforded for examining its habits since it has
been in the possession of the society, but it was
immediately recognised by the female ouran outan
as one of an approaching species, and foundlcd
by it to the amusement of the spectators.—Lon
don paper.
Ckockfoiid’s.—The European correspondent
of the New York Star gives the fallowing de
scription of Crockford’s.
The building of Grockford’s cost £60,000, and
the furniture and wines came to nearly £40,000
more. It is one of the best built and handsomest
houses in London; but its interior is more like a
palace than is Buckingham House, where the
Queen n sides. Carving, gilding, sculpture, make
the rooms quite a show to visit. There are not
less than 300 subscribers (paying 10 guineas a
year, and 20 guineas entrance) and this £BOOO
or £lO,OOO a year, would never pay halfthscost
of the wine actually given to the members. There
is in fact, little deep play until “the wine is in”
and “ the wits out.” Then the play is sure to
commence in earnest. Such suppers! Udc is
the cook, or ralhcr the director, for he rarely ope
rates himself. The actual value of the wines in
Crockford’s cellar (which runs under and across
St, James’ street) is now £BO,OOO ! This cellar
is nearly 300 feet long, and contains nearly half
a million bottles of wine. Ido believe that at
Crorkford’s and Bond’s there is no unfair play.
What is called the “turn of the table” yields the
profit. This must he large, as the expenses at
Crockford’s are £lOOO a vcck, and about £5OO
at Bond’s. The “ points” in favor of the bank
(i. e. of the owner of the concern) are 100 per
cent, per stake each hour, on French hazard. If
£lOOO stakes were risked each time, £lOOO per
hour would be lost by the players, without their
having a shadow of a chance against it. Say
that the play was 30 hours per week, the bank
would, on this gmund alone, win £50,000 a week.
Curious nivsn—ln the province of Auda
lula, in Spain, there is a river of the most extra
ordinary and singular qualities. It rises m the
Sierra Mountains, empties itself into the Mcdit
terrancan near the town of Huelva, and is named
“the Tintu,” from theltinge of its waters, which
arc as yellow as topaz, hardening the sand and
petrifying it in a most extraordinary manner. If
a stone happens to fall in and rest upon another
they both hem me in a year’s time perfectly uni
ted and conglutinated. All the plants on the
banks of the river are withered by its waters
whenever they overflow, as arc also the roots of
trees which it dyes of the same hue as itself. No
kind of verdure will come where its water reaches
nor fish live in its stream. When given to cattle
to drink it kills worms in them; but in general no
animal will drink it, except goats, whose flesh,
nevertheless, has an excellent flavor. These sin
gular properties continue till other rivers run into
it. and alter its nature; for when it passes by Nie
bla, it is not different from other rivers, and falls
into the Medilterranean six leagues lower down,
at the town of Huelva, where it is two leagues
broad, and admits of large vessels, which come
up the river as high as Ban Juan del Puerto, three
leagues above Huelva.
Happiness is thus defined by the Boston Post:
—“ A soft couch by the fire. a new novel, a pretty
wife, a dozen cigars, a bottle of port, a loose gown,
easy slippers, a good conscience, and a squalling
baby.”
Ingenious invention eoii taking Casts
or the Human Face, on Form. —By the
common mode of taking a cast the weight ami
constriction of the wet plaster not only renders
the process disagreeable, but imperfect, especially
i» representing Ibo features: for the muscles of the
face become rigid, and the physiognomical ex
pression of a plaster mask is sullen and painful
in consequence, Those defects are entirely ob
viated by the new machine, whir h consists of a
vertical disc whose surface is composed of an al
most innumerable quantity of very fine steel
wires and needles, as dose together as the hairs
ol a brush, moving in two plates perforated with
a corresponding nmnlier of holes, with so much
ease that the points yield to the slightest pressure.
Into this surface the face is gently pushed and by
a most simple and ingenious contrivance the
whole of the needless are in an instant fixed se
curely, their surface presenting a concave mould
otthe face. Plaster is then poured in, the wires
being so close that the liquid cannot escape be
tween them, and when set hard a working mould
is taken from it, in which other casts are made.
So instantaneous is the operation, and so delicate
the construction of the mechanism, that the face
of a crying child is taken with all its muscular
contortions; and were any person to keep open
his eyes the eyeball would not be injured, and a
stiff beard of two days growth would be marked
in the cast.— Spectator.
A new power. —ln one of the fever and
ague districts of Michigan, they talk of putting
this disease to a useful purpose—such as driving
saw-mills They say those who shake moderately
hard are sufficient to propel a steamboat, and no
danger of “ bilcr’s burstin.”— St. Louis Argus.
Reckon the ague would take well among the
Shakers. When we were a chub of a boy, our
grandmother, when we had a chill, would set us
to shaking the carpels; but finally she took the
ager herself, and it shook all of her teeth out at
the first shaking and ever since she has lived
on spoon wittles. One day she had such a pow
erful shake, that it shook all the milk sour in the
cellar.— Cincinnati A;. ws.
Volcanic Islands m the Mediterranean.
Tim heaving up of volcanic matter from the bot*
tom of the st a to such a bight above the suriaeo at the
water as to form an island which may be safely trod
den, is .1 rare and inte esling occurrence. That such
things frequently happened at a former, and proba
bly an early period of the earth’s history, is quite
evident from the great number ol islands which are
found to he of volcanic origin ; but an event ofth-s
description taking place in our own times, is cal
culated to fix attention, ns much from its novelty as
from its extraordinary nature In July, 183), an
island was thrown up between Sicily and Panlel
liria, in the following remarkable manner. About
the 10th of Ju’y, a column of water like a water
spout, sixty feet in hight, and afterward a cloud of
vapor, we.e observed rising from the sea at the place
where the island afterward made its appearance
No fire was seen until the 17th, when Ihe master of
a London brig was able to distinguish flame ; and 11
is probable mat at this period the land began to
emerge from the water. On the night of the 18th,
flushes of brilliant light, mingled with smoke, were
distinctly visible by ihe light of the moon; and so
remarkable were the appearances, i.» to induce the
commander of one of his Majesty* ship to sleei for
the spot, for the purpose of examining them more
closely. A large column of smoke was sen tow
enng above the sea is a considerable high), and
from the midst old pillars of lurid fire shoi up, and
then subsided, the column, which was formerly dark
gradually becoming white This alternation of
eruption and repose, of white and black, euiiiiniied
during die whole night. On die following morning
asm dl hillock ofadark green color was seen rising
a few feet above the surlacc of the ocean, hut it con
turned only visible at intervals between the more vto
lent eruplions. The volcano was in a constant state
ol aclivity, and appeared to be discharging dust and
(tones, together with vast quantities 01 s cam. On
soundings being taken, no bottom was found till
those who made die experiment were wi bin twenty
yards oldie island, itsoemed to be composed of
fine cinders and mad of a dark brown color; and
within it was descried, during the pauses of ih<
eruption, a mixture of muddy walei, steam, and cin
ders, dashing up and down,and occasionally running
over die sides into die sea. All Ibis lone showers
ofliot’stones or cinders shot upward a few yards,
and then full into ibe gulf whence they were ejected
One of the eyewitnesses observes regarding these
erupt ons : “ No words can describe dieir sublime
grandeur Their progress was generally as billows •
Altenhc volcano Imdentitled for some lime its usual
quantities of while sleam. suddenly too whole ap
erture was filled withjan enormous in iss ol hot cin
ders aril dust,rushing upwards tolhe bight ofsonae
hundred feet wiib a loud roaring noi.-e, then
falling into the sea on all sides with a still louder
noise, nri ing in pan, perhaps, from the formation of
prodigious quantities of steam which in slam ly took
place. This steam was at first of a brow n color
having embodied n great .leal oldie dust. As ii
r«»e it. gradually recovered iis pure while color,
depositing die dust ii the si ape of a sbowei of
muddy rain. While ibis was being accomplished,
renewed eruptions of hot cinders and dust were
quickly succiding each ether, while 'orked light
ning, accompanied by raiding ihunder, darted about
in nil directions within the column, now darkemd
"ith dust and greatly increased in volume, and ills
lorled bysiiddrngusls and whirlwinds The latter
were most Irequent on the leo side, where they of
ten made imperfect waier spools ol curious shapes.
On one occasion some ol the steam reac ~ed the boat;
it smelt a lide ofsulpber, and the mud it left became
a gritty sparkling dark brown powder when dry
None of die stom a or cinders thrown out appeared
more than hall a foot in diameter, and most ol them
were much smaller."
At this time the island was from fifty lo ninety
feel in bight, and about thee quarters of a mile in
circumference. Ii an a led great attention as soon
as the fact became known, and Capinin Swinburne
was despatched in a culler to ascertain the exact
nsilion of the island. This comma der effected a
landing on the 3d of August, (misled the British
ensign, and called it Graham Island We subjoin a
description of die volcano in nearly his own w ords ;
“ Seizing a favorable moment, we gave way widi
ou r oars- t nr distance was rather greater than we
could have wished, but we proceeded hs quickly as
the sea wan'd allow. As no approached, some oc
casional jels were thrown up, hut oflillo conse
quence, and a current was discovered running to
Ihe westward, and netting us farther to the right
than wo desired. Wj.hm twenty yards of the shore
the wat t appeard shoal, and die sea broke ; but ns
there was no appearance of surf oil die beach, we
kept steadily on till the boat siruck die ground.
'i he unienjack was thjn planted ; such observations
were made ns ihe pressure of ei'cuinstances and the
imminent danger ol a Ircsh eruption every moment
would admit of; a bucketful of the material of
which die island set mod chiefly composed was col
lected ; and we reenthniked The form of the
crater is nearly a perfect circle, and complete al >ng
its whole circumference, excepting for abut two
hundred and fifty yards on the south nstsidc, which
are broken and low, not apparently above ihrce feet
high, ’the bight of tiie highest part 1 suppose by
the eye lobe about one hundred and eighty feet
The outer diameter is, I think, almost six hundred
and leny yards, and ihe inner about four hundred
The whole circuit of die island I conceive lo he from
a mile and a quarter lo a mde and one (hi d The
fragments brought awav are compact and heavy,
and die whole snniiee of the island is dense and
perfectly hard under ihe feet. No variety of stones
were procured, nor any lava; neither did I see any
jels or streams of lava wlnleon the island. Ail the i
fragments were very hot when collected ; and I
thought the sea chi e to the shore somewhat higher
than further out, allhough of this I w is not very cer
tain. ’the latitude ol me island is 37° 11' north,
longitude 14° 44' east of Greenwich.
The island went on increasing in size, and accord i
ing to some accounts, w*« in a few- days above two j
* i-"" l,lred fee * in bight, and three mile, in circum- !
a lerenee. After attaining Inis, its maximum mugni.
I uni’, itnppcars to have been gradually reduced by
i reaction of the wave*, (or on the idih of August it
r wa *,° ~V two milei round, and on the 3d oi Sep
, wntoerit was no more than thre -fifths of a mile m
eiraj.mlererii e, while its greatest hignt did not ex
■ ceed one hundred and seven feel. It appears that
I the volcanic matter, during its ejection, It .d luund a
. second vent at no great distance Irum the surface,
t ,or ,n the itonili ol August u great ebullition and
agitation olibesea occurred, accompanied by the
constant ascension tit a r olmn nfdense light-colored
steam. By the end ol October not a vestige of the
eiacqj - remained and, with tbe exception ol a small
teapot saint und scoriie,tbe whole island was nearly
on a level with the sea. In short it at length entire
ly disappoard, and a dangerous reef, ol an oval
figure, Ibree-nnhs of a mile in extent, now occupies
the submarine site ol Graham Island. Toward the
end ol 1833, Captain 'wmhurnc (the same who bud
planted the British (lag upon the island to so little
purpose) found, in (lie centre of the reef, a black
rock about VO luthom.i in diameter, and from II to 11
leet under water. Around this rock were banks
ol black volcanic stones and 100-c sand Tito rocky
mass in the com re is supposed to bo solid lava,
which nsec- ded in the piiocipal crater; and asan
'! )m ® “J 1 ,' 0 distance there was discovered a second
shoal, tins, with great probability, is conjected to
be the snoot the second comb, I where the sub
marme eruption took ptac J n August, it ap|iears
then, as t ruiessor Lyell tdiserves, that a bill eignt
hundred loot or more in hight (the depth of water
here being six hundred fl-et/ was (hinted by a sub
mar. e volca„tc vent, of which the upper pan (only
about two hundred leet high) em- rg'-d above the
vvatersSoos to form an ishmd This cone must
have been equal in szo to one of the Inrg- at ol thu
L“'iT?. \ ol ? , " l ® a , on flanks of Kina, and shout
hall the Ingbi ol the mountain jorullu in Mexico
In the cetrirc is a great column of solid lava, snp
, posed to fill the space by which the gaseous Hinds
maile their escape; and on each mile i«a siranlied
moss of sconro and fn-gmentary hiva Tbe solid
nucleus o the reef where Ino black rock is now
louiidy Wii inlands th.* movement* of (lie «en ; while
thu loose matter which remained visible was
gradually washed away by ,t. .Subsidiary craters un
ity no means rare near the summit ofu large cone,
and one of these appears to have bicn formed in the
case of Graham island ; a vent, pc Imps, connected
with the main ch.innel of discharge, which gave
passage, m that direction, to elastic Hinds, scor re
and inelletl lava. It is not known whether lava
overflowed from either vent, hut it is quite po sihlc
that melted rocks may have run down the sides ol
the cone, as often happens on land,and have spread
in a broad sheet uvc the bottom of the sea There
i are some remarkable fiels connected with this
phenomenon. About a fortnight before lire erup
tion was visible, Str I’ubney Malcolm, in passing
over the position of the vulcanoe in his ship, ex
perienced several severe shocss, as if he had s ruck
on a sandbank, and wh ch he aurihu'ed o an enilh
quake. Jhe same sho ks weie fell on thu west
C'Bsl ol oiedy, A circumstance still more wor.hy
ol nonce is, t hat lit re ir a tradition at llulta, of a
volcano existing on ih« same spot about the com
mencement of the last century ; and there is extant
an old chart ul the Meditmraneaii, which lays down
a slrnal, with only four fiiihoms of water on it; and
called Larmoar s Breakers, within a mile ofilio same
latitude end longitude. Not long before the cvem
look place, n naval officer, in surveying this part
ol Hie Mediterranean, found a dept h of more than
one humned fat hum < water on the spot, where there
is now only ahum ton feet.
1 here are other modem instances of the formation
ol islands by sub-marine eruptions, as that of So
hr no, in He year Mil. of St. M„ hael’s, one of the
g'Otip n| islands called the Azores: but no occurrence
"tilio kind has attracted so inueii attention, or been
so minutely described, a the appearance and disap
pearance of Grahams Island.
The Gaudaof. —A French journal observes
r t.iat cabbage is a sovereign remedy for intoxica
tion from wine, and that it has even the power
of preventing it; for we are informed th :t by eat
ing a certain quantity of cabbage before dinner,
wc may drink us much wine as we plca«c, with
out experiencing any inconvenience. This pro- I
perly of the cabbage is also mentioned by ancient
writers, who arc of opinion that it proceeds from
the antipathy which this vine shows to the cab
bage. ff a cabbage be planted near a vine, the
latter either retires or dies.
Consignees per South Carolina Rail Road.
Hambcro, April 24, 1839.
Stovall, Simmons & Co., T. Dawson, Uccse &
Bea 1, B. W. frorce &Co., W. Claggctt, T. Uichaids,
Aldrich & Shove, Rankin, Boggs & Co., Nelson
Carter, J. W. Houghton, L. Dwcllc, Antony St,
Haines,T. H. Plant, Uathbone & Baker, J. M. &
W. Adams, J. P. Seize, J. Davidson, C. Hoffman,
C. Batty, C. A. Greiner, VV. E. Hi J. U. Jackson, J
F. Henson. N. Jerome, Anderson & Adams, Geo.
Parrolt.
MARINE INTELLIGENCE.
Savannah, April 24.
Cleared. —Schr Dexter, Mason, New Bedford.
Arrived yesterday.— llrig Thomas and Edward,
Gilchrist,Thomaston, Me schr Madawaska, Small,
Havana ; schr Eagle, Wiley,Havana j schr Torch,
Nickerson, Philadelphia.
Charleston, April 2.5.
Arrived yesterday. —Ship New Jersey, Dickson,
Boston; U. L. brig Planter, Sturgis, New York;
brig Oriole, Tucker, Philadelphia.
Cleared. —Bel. barque Jean Key, Hintncz, Ant
werp; U. L. brig Sun, Brown, New York; schr.
Susan, Taylor, Havana; schr. Klliott, Morlcy,Ply
mouth ; schr. < olumbia, Cramer, Jticlmiond.
Linen Shirtings, English Long Cloths,
Sheeting, Marseilles ({mils, etc.
JUST received,a lot of 10-4,12-4 linen Sheeting,
English long Cloths, Shirtings, 10-4,12-4 Mar
seilles Quilts, Russia Diapers, brown and grass
Linen,brown Ho'land, Irish Linen, Klatfield Linen,
4-4 and 10-4 cotton Sheetings, plain and check
MusMns, very fine Jackonct and Swiss Muslins,
printed Lawn, very small figure, line Marseilles and
Victoria Skirts, I(MMusquittoNettings, fine French
worked Braids, printed Aprons, sewing Silk, plated
hooks and eyes, whalebone, etc. etc.
Also, will have opened by Friday, new style rib
bons in plaid, embroidered and plain lig’d, 8 eases
line Leghorn and English Straw Bonnets Misses’
Leghorn and col'd Bonnets, sewing Silk, Gloves,
8-4 hlk nett Shawls, nett and fancy silk Shawls
3-4 to 0-4, a splendid assortment of new style Silk,
plain and fig’d, hlk India Satins, hlk Barrcgc for
summer dresses, striped drillings for pantaloons,
needle worked children’s Caps, embroidered muslin
dresses, children’s dresses, and hodys, long mitts,
London collars, latest patterns.green, blk and white
Veils, new style, hlk love Veils, col’d crapes, blk
crape for veils, tapes, needles, etc. etc., at lowest
prices, offered for sale, wholesale and retail at Mrs.
C. HOFFMAN’S Fancy Dry Goods S( Millinery
Store, Broad-street, Augusta.
mar 21 _ lm4taw
TO HUNT.—A new and very convcn-
Sent Dwelling, situated on Keynold-strcet,
containing eight rooms, six of them on
the first floor, u 7 foot passage in the centre, with a
good kitccen and garden. Apply to
A. PIQUFT.
»P 26 trw3t_
IRON! AND HR ASS FOUNDRY.
f|IHE Subscriber has now in operation his new
! ■ Furnace, and is prepared to receive orders for
: Castings of all descriptions, and hopes from punc
| tuality and attention to busine s, to merit a share of
| public patronage. His Furnace is situated in Con
i cord street, next to the corner of Hasell street, the
1 stand formerly occupied by Messrs. Eason Sc Dot
| tercr. JACKSON MORTIMER,
Ghar'e.ton, April 25 swOw
Proceedings of Council.
Saturday, April 20, 1839.
I resent—the Hun. A. Gumming, Mayor—Al
dermen Bishop, Bush, Dye, Hill,Crump, Harper,
Rankin, and St. John.
1 he minutes of the last meeting were read and
confirmed.
The Police Docket was taken op, and the fol
lowing cases were tried for violations of the 13th
section ot the General Ordinance.
Michael Mcßride, lined ten dollars, and to stand
committed until paid.
K. Collin, fined one dollar, without costa.
Messrs. Parish and Nelson appeared and took
their seats.
Mr. V. Crepu was elected to take chargeof the
City Clock, at the annual aura of $lOO, and to
give bond in the sum of $2OO for the discharge of
the duties.
The communication of the Commander of the
“Augusta Artillery Guards,” was to a
committee of one member from each ward, to
consist of Messrs. St. John, Parish, Hitt, and
Thompson.
The report of the Committee on Engines wa g
received, and the engine No. 3, ordered to bo
sold, and the amount paid over to the Treasurer,
and the Committee authorized to purchase a new
Engine, at a cost not to exceed $750.
Resolved, That in consequence of the increase
of duties, that the salary of the Clerk of Counci*
be raised; by an additional sum of five hundred
dollars per annum, from the first of April, 1839.
Council adjourned to 3 o’clock, P. M.
Three o’clock, P. M.
Present—the Hon. A. Gumming, Mayor—Al
dermen Bush, Dye, Nelson, Rankin, Bt. John,
Hitt, Harper, and Crump.
The following resolutions were offered and
agreed to:
By Mr. Harper,
Resolved, That the Committee on the Rive
Bank and Wharf, bo instructed to have made, a t
the northern end of East Boundary street, a
Wharf, for the use of the Street Otficer, and oth
ers, and to advertise for the same and Report to
Council at the next regular meeting.
By Mr. Nelson,
Resolved, That the Street Committee adver
tise for proposals to construct a Bridge over that
branch of the Beaver Dam crossing Green-street,
and to pul in good repair all that portion of
Green-street, between McKinnc and West Bound
ary-street, and also to improve a portion of said
street, between McKinne and West Boundary
streets, sufficiently for the convenient passage of
carriages and other vehicles, and that the propo
sals be laid before the next regular meeting of
Council.
By Mr. Parish,
Resolved, That the Committee on the City
Hall lie authorized to put up two Lamps, with
Iron Posts, on the platform in front of the City
Hall.
The report of the Committee on the “ Water
Works,” being read and accepted, the following
resolutions, ottered by Mr. Harper, were read and
agreed to.
Resolved, That the sum of $ 18,000 be tendered
to 8. Hale, Esq., for the Water Works, and all
the property, rights, and privileges, attached to
the same, if the titles arc found to bo satisfactory,
in City Scrip, bearing an interest, payable annu
ally, from the Ist of October next, at the rate of 6
per cent, per annum, irredeemable for twenty
years, except at pleasure of the holder; Mr. Hale
binding himself by a bond, with approved secu
rity, to keep the main line of logs, the reservoir,
and the works near the spring in good order, until
the Ist of October, 1840, and be allowed to re
serve the right, of using the water at the Planter’s
Hotel, free of expense, for ten years, from the
date of the purchase.
Resolved, That in the event of the purchase
authorized in the preceding resolution, being com
pleted, hydrant water be furnished on Broad-street,
free of expense, at every cross street at which a
pump is, or ought to be placed.
Resolved, That the Committee on Pumps be
instructed to have the leaks in the City Reservoir
closed, with as little delay as possible.
Resolved, That the Committee on Streets be
instructed to advertise for proposals for Paving,
under their direction, the side-walks on Broad
street, 14 feet wide, from Gumming to Mill
sUccts, at the expense of the Lot-holders, accord
ing to the provisions of the 50th section of the
General Ordinance, and take bond, with good se
curity, for the performance of the work before the
Ist of October next, Also, that the said Commit
tee be instructed to have such portion of the saiil
walks, described in this resolution, us arc now too
low, sufficiently raised to receive the pavement.
By Mr. Dye,
Resolved, That in cases to be prosecuted before
the Superior Court, the Marshal of the City be
made the prosecutor, and the City Treasurer be
his security for the prosecution.
Council adjourned.
8. H. OLIVER, Clerk of Council.
The following gentlemen have been appointed
by his Honor the Mayor, as health Commilteeain
the Wards respectively attached to their names;
Messrs. G. F. Parish,}
P. H. Marti, C Ward No. 1.
8. H. Oliver,}
M. M. Die, , }
T. I. What, ( Ward No, 2,
J. G. Dlslap,}
J. B. Bishop, }
B. W. Fohce, C Ward No, 3.
T. Richards, j
C. B. Hitt, }
E. B. C Ward No, 4.
J. J. Gobi*. }