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The State Fair. It is gratifying to observe that all indications point to the approaching State Fair, in Macon, as a grand suc cess. The authorities of the Georgia State Agricultural Society, and the au thorities and citizens of Macon, have left nothing undone which could insure the success of the Fair, or enhance its pleasure and usefulness. We believe the Fair this year will bo the fullest and most satisfactory one ever held in Georgia. It will be a nucleus of inter est not only for our own State, but to the people of adjoining States. Agricul turalists, mechanics and manufacturers, have a common interest in the illustra tion and advancement of their interests, and the public unfolding of their wares and products. The active minds of inventors are busy in the work of abridging the toil of labor by the application of art and science ; chemistry searches the arcana of nature for new combinations that shall enrich the soil and divulge the bidden mysteries of matter; practical minds among our farmers and planters arc equally busy testing theories, sep arating the true from the false, and making science and theory the servants of industry. Now,all the grand results of this mental and physical labor should be gathered together, from year to year, in central localities, for exhibition and review, in order that all men may have a palpable illustration of the progress of the age in the various arts and avoca tions of man, and derive an increase of know’edge for himself by practical tests. This is the design of State Fairs, and at none of these valuable exhibitions, throughout our country, will the scope of the design be more fitly filled, or its usefulness more advantageously shown, than at the approaching Fair in Macon. We are glad to notice the deep in terest and active co-operation which all classes of our citizens are taking in the Fair, and its results will doubtless be commensurate with its importance, and a subject of just pride to our State. A large number of visitors from other States will be present. The Agricultu ral Society of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, for instance, has made arrangements to be present in a body. Between fifty and a hundred men are coming, and they will charter an entire train to bring down their stock and goods for exhibition. They will bring large amounts of stock, farm products, agri cultural implements, and articles of do mestic manufacture. They have had some trouble in negotiating terms over some of the roads ; but it is hoped that satisfactory arrangements will be ef fected. It will be a compliment to Georgia to have so large a delegation to come from another State to witness her industrial exposition. A majority of the Southern and Middle States will be represented by intelligent cit izens. Th<* good our State Fairs can accomplish is inestimable. ♦ «• Caution. Every Grange should be careful in regard to the material composing its membership. Let no wolves in sheep’s clothing be allowed to enter the farm ers’ sanctuary, to pollute and destroy it. In this present struggle of anti monopoly rs. monopoly, the farmer has a most unscrupulous and very powerful foe to contend wit h, and one who will spend money freely, in order to break down, or at least t> neutralize, every effort to control their usurped influ ence. Spies, informers and hypocrites are, therefore, plentiful all over the count rv, working in the interests of speculators, money rings and despotic corporations. Look out for them, men of the people! Eternal vigilance is the price if your liberties from misrule. ♦ * _ Refunding tueCotton Tax. —There is a universal feeling among the farm ers that sarn • d 'eisive measures sh mbl be tak -n t > insure the refun ling of the cotton tax by Congress. Col. Geo. W. Adams, who has recently canvassed the State in the interest of the Grangers, states that the dem md for such a movem nit is g'neral among the farm ers of the South.— ► ♦ —"• Good.—The politicians of Illinois complain that the Farnurs’Movement in that State lias completely “demoral ized" polities. That's where the shoe i pinches. These fellows are beginning >' t > fin I cut that since the farmers the ? q< q>! have determined to have their I' rights, and do away with political shys -4 tering, their occupation is gone. Thi< Via t lAj cal! ‘•demoralization.” Opinions of the Press. The Columbus Sun thinks the Grange organization in Georgia an excellent one, provided our farmers will not ship cotton direct to Europe which ought to be used for the payment of debts at home. Commenting on the proposi tion made by the Grangers of DeKalb county, to ship cotton to Europe direct, this paper says: “ They may not only establish the long need ed direct trade with Europe, but they may to a great extent regulate the production of cotton according to the demand, diversify agricultural industry so as to retain at home more of the money obtained for cotton, and aid materially in the establishment among us of cotton facto ries to give employment to the wives and chil dren of laborers in the field.” The Augusta Constitutionalist de plores the fact that our people are so ignorant of the uses and wisdom of economy, and that the tendency of our native population is to destroy, dis card and squander. The Gwinnett Herald tells planters to remember that those who gave crop leins for fertilizers on what is called “cotton option,” can by the terms pay for manures with cotton at fifteen cents per pound till November first. After that date the market price, whatever it may be, will be the basis for adjusting this class of indebtedness. The Columbus Enquirer insists that farmers ought to sell their cotton not withstanding the fact that cotton at present has declined fifteen dollars per bale. Referring to the fact that plan ters should liquidate their obligations, the Enquirer says: “The Southern planter must make the same sacrifice as the Western farmer, and benefitting by the lessons of the past, keep clear of indebted ness, and make all his cotton in the future a gain, and not a something to be hypothecated. The South will not grow rich this year, it will be poorer than it was last year; and every dol lar sent away for meat and bread will increase its poverty, and every dollar spent for clothing, made away from home, will cripple the land.” The Athens W&tchnan thinks the financial pressure can be removed by farmers bringing in their cotton and sell ing it: “ With this cotton, our merchants who have furnished them with supplies can pay their Northern creditors; or, if they don’t owe any thing, they can sell the cotton and bring money into the country, with which to buy other cotton.” The Monroe Advertiser indorses the Farmer’s Movement, and says the Pat rons of Husbandry are reformers, and says they do not constitute “an undis ciplined jnob, for monopolists to con tend with,” but they are “an organized and disciplined force, composed of the serious, earnest yeomanry of the whole country. It is inspired by the sublime faith and animated with the heroic courage which impelled the chivalry of Europe to the rescue of the Holy Se pulchre.” The Grangcmi Con volition at Macon. A great deal of fine writing, admoni tory and advisory, has been lavished upon the Grangers of Georgia by out side parties. Numerous editors and “correspond ents,” have whetted their quills upon this new subject, and delivered them selves of brief or lengthy articles con cerning it. The subject is an absorbing one, and we admit th it its attractiveness to wri ters for the press is, considering all the circumstances, irresistible. Os course the quality of these disquisitions is as variable as the taste and opinions of the writers; s »me are goo I, others bad, and the balance indifferent. The ensuing Grangers Convention at Macon, during the State Fair, is being admonished beforehand to beware of false steps, incautious declarations, etc., wlrch would nullify the strength of the Grangers, and make the farmers ap pear “ridiculous.” Such advice is, perhaps, given with good intentions, but with all respect for the monitors, we must be allowed to consider it unnecessary. We are not afraid that the intelli gent. earnest, high-t med and capable m'n, who are t » represent the farmers of Georgia in the Macon Convention, will do anything which would “nullify the strength of the Grangers, or make the m ivement ridiculous.” We have un pialified confidence in the integrity, sincerity and mont tl capacity of the members composing this Convention. We believe that they can deliberate upon questions of policy concerning the Order with >nt stultifying themselves, and secure th' best interests of the farmers of Georgia, in ea -h and every respect, without the assistance, or the advice of outside parties. Oar farmers and their representa tives, “know their rights, and kn >w iug. dare maintain them.” - ■ - ■■ The nut crop, both East and West, promises to be immense. «»«£***• Cotton Manufacture at tlie South. It is natural that the cotton manu tures at the North should not take kindly to the idea that the South can reach an industrial development which shall enable her to manufacture her cotton at home, and thus save the im mense outlay now necessary to get back her staple in its manufactured shape, besides giving employment to hundreds of thousands of her people. The New York Bulletin, in a recent article on this subject, laughs at the notion that “ the mills must come to the cotton.” It admits the ability of the South to com pete with New England in manufactur ing heavy jeans or the coarser brown fabrics; “but,’‘ says this erudite author ity, “ when it comes to the production of fine goods, and even many varieties of heavy fabrics, then there are requi sites of climate, markets, labor, social condition and proximity to financial centres, which the South docs not and cannot meet. The success of the South in manufacturing already realized is very gratifying. It shows that there are certain things, in that branch of in dustry, which it can accomplish; and it is the true policy of that section to push its advantages as far as possible; but to assume the broad position that “the mills must come to the cotton” is to pave the way to a huge disappoint ment. Experience has very conclusive ly demonstrate! that the climatic and social conditions that attend the growth of cotton, are widely different from those that belong to its manufacture.” This is reasoning from false data. Grant us the requisite surcease from the distractions of politicians, and the requisite amount of capital, what is to prevent us from competing, in all the branches of cotton manufacture, with New England enterprise, as success fully as the Bulletin admits we do in special branches ? Says the Bulletin: “The South has neither the climate, markets, labor, social condition or prox imity to financial centres necessary.” Sweeping assertions are not substitutes for facts. The conditions named are already in existence, or would soon create themselves if proper and sus tained efforts should be made in the right direction. Has the “climate and social condition” of Columbus, Geor gia, for instance^demonstrated that the differences between the growth of cot ton and its manufacture are so widely different as to be incompatible? Or, rather, do not statistics prove the re- viewed in the light of fact, the state ments of the New York Bulletin will not bear strict investigation. The Bul letin admits that “ the true policy of that section (the South) is to push its advantages as far as possible.” Os course, every intelligent man in the South admits this; and what is more, we intend to do it, not only up to the limit prescribed by the Bulletin, and the class it represents, but to the high est degree of excellence in cotton manu facture. Give the South a fair chance and she will not be obliged t> “play second fiddle” in any branch of human industry. The Bulletin and its audi tory should remember that the South of to-day is quite a different thing from the Smith of the recent past, and to say that her people can do neither this, that nor the other thing, becaus ‘ they have failed to do so heretofore, is illogical and absurd, or is the result of ignorance as to the resources and true condition of these St ites. Time will prove the truth of what we say. I.et It Ke Known. No printing or publishing house in the South can exceed our own, in the facilities controlled by us for the print ing and publication of anything known to the Art of Printing. Our terms for work are as low as any to be had any where, and we guarantee our work to be as excellent and as thorough as any that is done in the United States. M e there fore, respectfully solicit the patronage of our Grange friends, and that of such business men and manufacturers who prefer to avail themselves of the pat ronage of our farmers and planters direr!, instead of through the medium of money changers, speculators or any other outside parties, whose individual interests are in conflict with the com mon interest of the producing classes of our citizens. Agents ! Agents ! We want age ts in every county and town in the South ern States, who will actively canvass for subscritions, etc., to whom li! via! commissions will be allowed. Persons who will ace pt agencies will make im mediate application to the publishers for territory, v henful! instructions will be given the in. Au Excellent Document. TREASURER JONES’ CIRCULAR. Hon. John Jones, our very efficient and pop ular State Treasurer, recently issued a circular, addressed to the tax-payers of the State of Georgia, relative to the eight-per-cent, bonds of the State, issued for the purpose of raising a loan of twelve hundred thousand dollars for the uses of the exchequer. The circular is an eloquent appeal to the good sense and patriot ism of our people, and will not fail to have the desired effect. The document is clearly and very ably written, and recites in a terse manner lhe trials and humiliations our people had to undergo during the infamous Bullock rule, and the losses the Tijeasury sustained by means of bogus bonds and criminal legislation. It un veils the base schemes of certain bond-holders and brokers to take advantage of the financial muddle in which Georgia became involved by these means, and the efforts of her enemies to stain her fair escutcheon, and debase her credit. The business experience and patriotism of Mr. Nutting, of Bibb, devised means for our extrication from this dilemma, and the “ Nut ting Bill” was the result. That bill authorized the issue of twelve hundred thousand dol.ars in bonds, bearing eight per cent, interest, pay able semi-annually, and falling due in twelve consecutive years, (one hundred thousand dol lars annually,-from 1875 to 1886 inclusive, when the last installment will be paid.) It also makes these bonds free from State, county, and municipal taxation. The interest coupons will be paid in New York or Atlanta, as may be most convenient to the holders. It is a subject of congratulation that the peo ple of Georgia have responded nobly to the call of their State, and have assisted the State Government in its patriotic design to keep the loan inside of the State, and safe from the mer cenary Shylocks and money-shavers of New York. The fine, subtle sense of Treasurer Jones was equal to the occasion. We quote from his late circular to illustrate: Before the bonds were ready for delivery, I ad vertised them for sale at par, and received appli cations amounting to nearly fifty thousand dol lars, before they could be delivered, and those applications were accompanied with the funds to buy them. At the same time, I addressed a cir cular to the Ordinaries of the several counties, requesting them to caff the attention of the exe cutors, guardians and trustees of estates, to the excellence and strength of the bonds as an in vestment ; and although it was prophesied that we would not sell one hundred thousand in Geor gia, and none elsewhere, except at a ruinous discount, I have had the good fortune to dispose of eight hundred and fifty thousand dollars at par, and the expenses of the sale have not gone higher than one per cent, on the amount sold. By expenses, I mean the printing of the bonds, advertising the terms of sale, printing and distri bution of circulars, express freights and postage; and this has been done by an abiding faith that patriotism and State pride is yet a sentiment and principle of our people, and that Georgians will be true to Georgia at all cost. These facts speak volumes in praise of the patriotism of our people, and the capacity and financial acumen of Treasurer Jones. We arc sorry to know that certain persons in Georgia are recreant to their duty, and, Hi it il+e rrttvF’JSifi ttt t-rtv monwealth,are unscrupulous enough to attempt its degradation, and to take advantage of her situation for their own personal profit. Treas urer Jones, however, holds these individuals up in their proper light, and the expose is cer tainly very little to their credit. Treasurer Jones closes his circular with the following eloquent appeal, which can not fail of having the desired effect: Fetloio-Citizens: I know that the times are hard ; I know that the swindling and robbery of our late rulers have caused our taxes to be bur densome and difficult to meet; I know that mon ey is scarce and hard to come by, but the neces sity is on us, and I must call on you again for the honor of our bravo old State, to come forward and take up the balance of unsold bonds. I send you with this statement of the amount sold, the purchasers and their place of residence. Not more than forty counties are yet represented in this loan to the State. Some of the banks have contributed liberally, a few bounteously ; some have not taken any, but I hope they will yet. If those counties that have done nothing, will take an average of thirty-five hundred to the county, the bonds will all bo sold, and Georgia’s credit will stand as high as ever. Ilea 1 the accompanying circulars carefully; inform yourselves thoroughly, and if yon have $250 or or SIO,OOO or $20,000 that yon can afford to put out at eight per cent., free from all taxation, payable every six months, equal to a ten per cent, investment, remember that the State has need of it for the present, and bring it along. Il will be paid back to you in from two to twelve years, as you may prefer, and before that time expires your taxation will, by this act, be reduced to the mere expenses of the Govern ment. In conclusion, we must reiterate our sincere respect for the ability, devotion, and unswerv ing fidelity to the welfare of the State which Treasurer Jones has displayed since his accept ance of the responsible office he holds, espe cially in th ? negotiation of this particular loan. This economical, honest ami manly course en dears him to the people, and we arc happy to see that a great and patriotic people have a servant, in a place of high trust, of whom they may well be proud, and who is an example of the truism, that “ Honesty is the best policy.” Tlic Great Eastern < ircus. We had the pleasure of a call, on Thursday, the 23d ult., from Colone Andrew Haight, the traveling agent of the above named gigantic combination. The Colonel is one of the most com panionable gentlemen we ever met, and is a proper representative of this un surpassed show. The Great Eastern Menagerie, Mu seum, Aviary, Circus. Roman Hippo drome, and Egyptian Caravan, will ex hibit on the Fair Grounds at Macon, Octol'cr 2i’th, 30th, and 31st —Wednes- day, Thursday and Friday. It is an exhibition of no ordinary merit, coming fully up to the promises made in ad vert!.' nient and poster. With the en tertainment no one will be disappointed, as all that it is represented to be, it is, in detail and unequaled aggregate. The patent i<-e-nnuhints used in the t'outh, clear 7OU j er cent. Ho it Understood. It is well known that gigantic rail road monopolies, controlling hundreds of millions of dollars, have of late years combined in order to control the trans portation interests of the United States, from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. Their object is to get the farmers’ products completely in their hands, and exclude all chance for competition in freight transportations. Before this iron ring encircled the country, and became too strong to break, the farmers, especially of the Western States, organized in self-de fense against this vast railroad tyranny; and under the name of Patrons of Hus bandry, the Farmers Union is now breasting their common enemy, and will soon put them to flight, as well as their helpers and abettors, the corrupt legislator and political pimp. The far mers of the South have joined hands with their Western and Eastern breth ren, and hearty co-operation for the good of all is the motto. The avowed purposes of the Gran gers include economical operations in respect to buying and selling their do mestic and farm supplies, as also, prac tical action in favor of honesty and purity in public agents and officers. The Grangers arc firmly resolved to break up all “ rings,” of every sort whatever, whoso actions would impover ish the farmer and planter, and in their general effects demoralize the whole people. No injury is to be done to any class by the farmers; the object simply being the prevention of injury upon the far mers by any other class. The “farmers’ movement” contem plates the common welfare of all citi zens, individually and collectively. True. A recent writer, speak gos the en ormous power of concentrated capital, whose controllers have, of late years, had their own way pretty much in the political and commercial government of our country, says : “ Capital is concentrated in the hands of the great railroad, canal and manu facturing companies, and they are wield ing this powerful lever to crush out the right of the great bulk of the people, and to build up huge fortunes for them selves. They set at defiance all law, and trample under foot every principle of justice. They control all legislation, and are wielding the affairs of the na tion to suit themselves. Money disre gards law and tramples it under foot. In the State of Maryland, John W r Garret has more power in controlling the Legislature of that State than the Governor. In Pennsylvania, Simon Cameron bids defiance to all State laws. In New York, Vanderbilt carries things with a high hand, and brings his influ ence to bear on the actions of City Council and the State Legislature. The great railroad organizations, to carry their roads to the Pacific coast, de manded of Congress land, and had it granted to them in quantity sufficient during a single administration to settle thirty millions of inhabitants. Indeed there is great danger that these monied men will, in a few years, control this nation, finan cially and politically.” They are already controlling the country to an extent in the last degree inimical to the liberties of the people. It is for the purpose of guarding our common rights, and to restore the lost equilibrium between the various inter ests of the people, and of the different sections, that the Grange movement has been inaugurated, whose good fruits will follow as sure as day follows the night. A Few Facts.—The crop arcage of Georgia suffered a decrease of fifteen per cent, during the decade of 1860 to 1870; also a large percentage of de decrease in the general production, not withstanding an increase of twelve per cent, in population during the same period. Speculate rs, middle men, the costly “go-betweens” of the country, as well as the vacillating condition of the labor forces, are some of the main causes of these deplorable results. Organization of the productive inter ests of the State, economy, and the rigid enforcement of salutary laws, is the best remedy for these evils. The future before us can be made glorious if we will but profit by the teachings of the past. The value of the cotton crop fur seven wars, since the close of the war, grown in Georgia, was over t“-<j billions of dollars. Think of the power of this immense capital, if it were kept in the bands of the farmers. Deputies of the Georgia State Grange ! and their Territorial Districts. 4 FIRST DIVISION. j The following comprise the counties under ’ the jurisdiction of— J. P. Stevens, Deputy, Leesburg, Lee county: First Congressional District.— Appling, Bryan, Bullock, Burke, Camden, Charlton, Chatham, Clinch, Echols, Effingham, Emanuel, Glynn. Liberty, Mclntosh, Pierce, Screven, Tatnall? Ware, Way no. Total number of Granges, 17. Second District. Baker, Berrien, Brooks, Calhoun, Clay, Colquitt, Decatur, Dougherty, Early, Lowndes, Miller, Mitchell, Quitman, Randolph, Terrell, Thomas and Worth. Total number of Granges, 25. Third District.--CoSee, Dodge, Dooly, Ir win, Lee, Macon, Montgomery, Pulaski, Schley, ; Stewart, Sumter, Taylor, Telfair, Webster and Wilcox. Total number of Granges, 16. Total number of Granges in First Divis ion, 58. second division. G. W. Adams, Forsyth, Monroe county. Fourth Congressional, District. Campbell, Carroll, Chattahoochee,Coweta, Douglas, Har- ; ris, Heard, Marion, Meriwether, Muscogee, Talbot and Troupe. Total number of Granges, 27. Fifth District. — Crawford, Clayton, DeKalb, Fayette, Fulton, Henry, Houston, Milton, Monroe, Pike, Spalding and Upson. Total number of Granges, 40. Sixth District.— B ildwin, Bibb, Butts, Jasper, Jones, Laurens, Newton, Putnam, Rockdale, Twiggs, Walton and Wilkinson. Total number of Granges, 42. Total number of Granges in Second Divis ion, 109. THIRD DIVISION. C. W. Howard, Kingston, Bartow County.' Seventh Congressional District. — Bartow, Ca toosa. Chattooga, Cherokee, Cobb, Dade, Floyd, Gordon, Haralson, Murray, Paulding, Pope, Walker, and Whitfield. Total number of Granges, 23. Eighth District. — Columbia, Elbert, Glascock, Greene, Hancock, Hart, Jefferson, Johnson? Lincoln, McDuffie, Oglethorpe, Richmond, Taliaferro, Warren, Washington and Wilkes. Total number of Granges, 36. Ninth District. — Banks, Clarke, Dawson, Fannin, Forsyth, Franklin, Gilmer, Gwinnett, Hall, Habersham, Jackson, Lumpkin, Madi son, Morgan, Pickens, Rabun, Towns, Union and White. Total number of Granges, 6. Total number of Granges in Third Divis ion, 65. In addition to the above, the following Mas. ters of Granges, were authorized to organize Granges in their respective counties, by reso lution of the State Grange : M, Jones, Valdosta; C. S. Guyton, Dublin; J. T. Perdue, Quitman; L. F. Livingston, Covington; J. S. Lawton, Forsyth; J. S. Lav ender, Barnesville; E. C. Durant, Blufftown; T. P. Janes, Penfield; J. P. Fort, Macon; C. M. Davis, Morgan ; T. B. King, Flat Shoals; J. F. Lewis, Thomaston; 11. L. Long, Lees burg. The Master and Secretary of the State Grange arc authorized to organize Grange ß throughout the State. Table of Counties and Granger. The following comprise the counties in the State of Georgia, and number of subordinate Granges in each : County. No. of Granges. Jefferson 3 Johnson 0 Jones 4 Laurens 5 Lee 2 Liberty 0 Lincoln 2 Lowndes 3 Lumpkin 0 Macon 1 Madison 1 Marion 1 McDuffie 1 Mclntosh 0 Meriwether 7 Miller 0 Milton 0 Mitchell 0 Montgomery 1 Monroe 9 Morgan 2 Murray 1 Muscogee 2 Newton 6 Oglethorpe 5 Paulding 0 Pickens 0 Pierce 1 Pike 10 Polk 2 Pulaski 2 Putnam 2 Quitman 0 Rabun 0 Randolph 8 Richmond O Rockdale/ 1 Schley 0 ; Screven 5 ] Spalding 4 Stewart 0 ■ Sumter 5 Talbot 1 Taliaferro 1 Tatnall 0 Taylor 1 Telfair 1 Terrell 4 Thomas 1 ] Towns 0 Troup 4 Twiggs 5 I Union 0 Upson 1 Walker 1 Walton 0 : Ware 0 Warren 2 Washington 8 Wayne 0 Webster 2 White 0 Whitfield 1 Wilcox 0 Wilkes 3 Wilkinson 7 Worth 0 « i g County. No. of Granges. Appling 1 Baker 0 Baldwin 3 Banks 0 Bartow 6 Berrien 0 Bibb 4 Brooks 3 Bryan 0 Bullock 3 Burke 4 Butts 4 Calhoun 2 Camden 0 Campbell 1 Carroll 2 Catoosa 2 Charlton 0 Chatham 1 Chattahoochee 1 Chattooga 2 Cherokee 2 Clarke 2 Clay 2 Clayton 3 Clinch .... . 1 Cobb 2 Coffee 0 Colquitt 0 Columbia 4 Coweta 3 Crawford 1 Dade 1 Dawson 0 Decatur 3 DeKalb 1 Dodge 1 Dougherty 1 Douglas 0 Early 0 Echols 0 Effingham 0 Elbert 0 Emanuel 1 Fannin 0 Favette 0 Floyd 2 Forsyth 0 Franklin 0 Fulton 3 Gilmer 0 Glascock 2 Glynn 0 Gordon 2 Ulreene 5 pl winnett 0 1 Habersham 0 Hall 0 Hancock 1 Haralson 0 Harris 4 Hart 0 Heasd 1 ’ Henry 1 Houston 8 Irwin 0 i Jackson 1 J asper 1 5