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: —" Z I "" ■' >< Mjf ) 1 83 Up 11 Ke& I Bwq wfe fr ' 1 w BssP^^' C g y f w ii ®m >"'■> - (2l [■- J?* 7 ' i 1 A- *_■:' tJiaL _*fr-~ - J.\ ■\^i^B^si^t^'^-'^iv^^ J ''- ' --.~ 7 ...- VOLUME 1. x— ; _. THE i _ a f^- f 2 Official Organ of the Patrons of Husbandry. The Outlook in Alabama. We make the following review of the inter esting address of Col. W. 11. Chambers, Master of the State Grange of Alabama, at the recent Convention of that body in Montgomery : The number of subordinate Granges has in creased during the last year from 129 to GSO. This required a change in the basis of repre sentation, which has been eSected by the Exe cutive Committee of the State. Now, each county is entitled to a representative, and two, if she has more than twelve subordinate organ izations. The proposed amendments to the National Constitution of the Order, were submitted to the Convention. That which is designed to increase the representation to the National Grange, and to predicate that representation on population was presented with words of caution, and its rejection advised, under the apprehen sion that its adoption might lead to evils simi lar to those by which the body politic has been disturbed. A resolution endorsing the action of the At lanta Convention of last year in regard to the cotton, tax and prompt co-operation with the plans devised by that body, were urgently rec ommended. This plan is to enlist all subordi nate Granges of the South in behalf of the ob ject, and to solicit from each small contribu tions to defray the expenses of a representative at Washington, and other expenses incident to memorializing Congress to refund the amount of the tax referred to. He expressed the opinion that the subject of immigration could lie most effectively dealt with through the machinery of the Grange; that by proper and judicious efforts many far mers of small means, enterprise and habits of industry, might be induced to leave the North and Northwest for homes in the genial and pro ductive South. It is not a population of pau per laborers that Alabama needs—she has a sufficiency of this class now, but a hearty, thrifty, industrious class of small proprietors, who would bring with them capital to purchase small farms, their improved implements of husbandry, and well formed habits of economy and industry. An exhibition of the capabili ties of the soil and the advantages atlordeil by the climate, etc., of the State, will attract im migrants of the description required. He recommended a memorial to the General Assembly asking an appropriation fora geolo gical survey of the State, which shall furnish all needed information in regard to the quali ties ot the different soils, the variety, location and extent of the mineral veins and deposits of the State, etc. A memorial was also suggested inviting the Legislature to enact stringent laws for the pre vention of thefts from fields, smoke-houses, barns, etc., which constituted a great evil to the interests of the honest classes of citizens. The overflows of the Alabama river last spring left many brethren in a State of destitu tion. Their appeals for assistance were so ur gent that the speaker transmitted them to the National Grange. The response of the National Executive Committee was prompt and gener ous, furnishing a beautiful exemplieation of the “brotherly kindness” which characterizes our Order, and serve to commend it to the con fidence and good wishes of the patriot and phi lanthropist. A committee to consider the subject of an organ to suliserve the purposes of the Granges was nxxnnendixl. On this question the speaker uttered the following truths The ten ’eney ot a common organ will be to unity and vivify the Order throughout the btate. \\ e shall through it< ci l imns become better m\]uatnt»xl with each ether, and K‘ brought mere in sympathy with each other. Its regular visits will stimulate cur interest in the Grange* by keeping u- constantly advised of its opt rations and stimulate, our intcriM in the farm by giving us each otlu r > opinions and ex| erietix s which will thus Ix-ct'uu the e mon property ot all \ SUU f t State G ra ngv, ing iLo next f.'.'. "a* t- an item : r'.i’ vV. After referring to the frauds perpetrated in , the sale of fertilizers, and expressing the con | viction that large supplies will be annually re quired, he submitted the following plans for the consideration of the Convention : I believe it is a duty which we owe to the public, to attempt some method of reforming the abuses of the trade in these articles. Sev eral plans have occurred to me : For example, we might establish at seme point, or points, in the State a Grange agency for the sale of com mercial fertilizers, at which members of our Or der might purchase their supplies with some guaranty of getting a genuine article; or we might enter into an arrangement with some re liable house already engaged in the manufac ture, for compounding a fertilizer upon some agreed formula, and fillingall orders under the seal of the State Grange,under a bond guaran teeing purity of manipulation ; or we might establish within our own State a manufactory at which such fertilizers as we need might be compounded, with absolute fidelity, and sold to Patrons ata price little above the cost of man ufacturing. He expressed the belief that some had be come members of the organization under the mistaken notion that the co-oporati ve feature would secure them an amount of credit which they could not otherwise command, and that these had lost their interest in the Order. On the subject of co-operation, he says : Our system of agencies and co-operation un doubtedly affords to Patrons, who have the means to buy with, facilities for purchasing their supplies on better terms than they could otherwise obtain, and these facilities have in many instances been advantageously employed. I trust, however, that the day is not far distant when numbers of the Grange will be able to dispense with the middlemen in the provision trade, not so much by substituting agencies of their own as by making their supplies at home. When Southern farmers shall make their farms self-supporting, as they can ’do, and ought to do, we shall hear less complaint of middlemen. Let us direct our attention rather to making more to sell than increasing our facilities for buying, and the Grange will have accomplished at least a part, and a large part, of the true de sign of the Order, which is to reform and ele vate our agriculture, by making it independent and profitable, and its followerers intelligent and prosperous. »• ——- Filth Degree Grange*. From our exchanges we learn that some of the Granges, in different por tions of the Republic, are considering and opposing the establishment of what are known as Fifth Degree Granges, be cause they apprehend that they will prove the foundation of a social destruc tion in the organization. They seem to think that those who reach this new branch of the Order will be the aristo crats and such as are not able to attain it, will be plebians. We are not advised as to the reason ableness of these apprehensions, but should certainly wage uncompromising opposition to any policy that would draw a line of social distinction through the Brotherhood. Such a measure would be so universally obnoxious to all sensible Patrons that, until proven otherwise, we must regard the appre hensions alluded to as the progeny of a groundless suspicion. The Wisconsin Granges already have established forty-one co-operative associations for selling goods and man ufacturing. and twenty-nine insurance companies, alt flourishing and repre senting capital to the amount of four millions of dollars. A proposition has been made that t ' ensure uniformity in the working of our Granges without too great expense, the deputies and masters in given dis tricts shall meet at specified points and receive instructions from a general deputy, sent out to instruct in the work ings of the Order. .► ♦ - Oi.n.h its It. ■> issaN. with bis mammoth Circus higl Mt'D.i<erit' will bo hi Atl&uts KruLiv **.l*.“ unlay. Dec. l**;h ;uiU l.cb.. Kebinsou’sreputation .- i. :t .-. ti.eref ’.e. :> ' -- W .t<* a pthe mor m. ntion of his em;: u h ■■ ■ f FRANKLIN PRINTING HOUSE, ATLANTA, GEORGIA. DECEMBER, 1874. Will it Pay ? Speaking of the Grange, a young man remarked in our hearing the other day that he didn’t see how he could be benefited by joining it; he had no groceries to buy, and was at no loss for social privileges; he believed it to be a good institution for a certain class of farmers who could there receive ad vantages that they otherwise could not have. Now the gentleman is well edu cated, and doubtless means well, and might be useful as a citizen if he could only take a broader view of his duties as such. This, however, is but another exhibition of short-sightedness and general defect of character caused by the training which farmer boys receive. His lot is cast among farmers, and it is very apparent to observing minds that whatever’operatcs for the good of that community must benefit each indi vidual ; yet he clings to the old policy of doing nothing, and of embracing no movement unless he can plainly see that he is to be immediately benefitted by it. Such a person, until he can take a more enlarged view of things, would be of no use in the Grange : neither would he be at home there. Should we like for men moved by no higher consideration of duty, no loftier rule of conduct than the narrow policy that centers everything in self, to have charge of schools ? should we want to intrust our town interests in the hands of such men ? should we feel that our public interests were safe with men for legislators and other official positions who never enter upon any work unless satisfied that it would pay them indi vidually. Association and co-operation must henceforward be the rule of far mers and laboring men, and the perfect practice of these requires the diffusion and exercise of a good healthful pub lic spirit among them. .. Two neighbors had a long and envenomed litigation about a small spring, which they both claimed. The judge, wearied out with the case, at last said: “What is the use of making such a fuss about a little water?” “Your honor will see the use of it,” replied one of the lawyers, “when 1 inform you that the parties are both milkmen.” The roar of laughter which followed, proved that the entire audience saw the point. It is related of a certain minister, who was noted for his long sermons, with many divi sions, that one day, when he was advancing among his teens, he reached at length a kind of resting place in his discourse, when, paus ing to take breath, he asked the question: “And what shall*l say more?” A voice from the congregation earnestly responded: “Say Amen!” ► The ex-Empress Eugenie, does not arise from the sewing machine when gentlemen call on her. but works the cusioned pedal more merrily than ever. Eugenie has very pretty feet. A lad who borrowed a dictionary to read, returned it after he got through, with the re mark . “It was very nice reading, but it some how changed the subject werry often.” Tom Michie compares love to a potato ■‘because it shoots from the eyes.” “Or rath* r.” exclaimed Byron, ‘ because it becomes all the less by paring.” Five of the sweetest words in the English language begin with 11, which is only a breath Heart, Hope, Home, Happiness, Heaven. Heart is a hope-place, and home is a bean-place. A man i> said to be absent-minde 1 when he thinks he has left his watch at home and takes it out of his pocket to see if he has tune to return Lome to get it. He wl: > tcils a lie i- not MU-.l le how creat a i isk he ndertakes. for 1 may foi tel! twenty more to maintain one. \ ■< ward ■it r.” Y< the iu lit r, For the Georgia Grange.] “ISIRY.’' Should money be free, is it wise on the part of government to control contracts for the use of money? Editors Grange : I have some views of this question that are worthy the considera tion of the thoughtful reader, and hence 1 pre fer to have them appear in your widely cir culated paper. There is a moral aspect of this question that should not be lost si ht of, but ever keep in view. “Love thy neighbor as thyself” is a great and good command ment. If it was remembered and practiced in all the dealings of man with his brother, what a lovely brotheiho.nl would this peo ple become. Some are rich, many are poor. The rich is strong, for his money is his strength. The poor is wi ak, tor his poverty is ever drawing upon his energies. The strong appeals of wife and children for food, clothing and educa tion, give him sleepless nights and joyless days. The world is thus situated ; why it is thus we do not know. God has thus ordered it. “The poor ye have with ye alway,” is a truth in the history ot the world in all ages. AVe have no classes in our country privileged aud protected from the misfortunes of life- Under wise laws and proper protection to industry and labor, the poor become often limes independent and strong, and the rich of this generation, with all the aids of good laws and good government, very often grow penniless and poor, and their children are thrust from their ancestral palaces, to the lowest hovels of the laud. The Plebians of this age become the Princes of the next, and thus it is that the world moves on. Whatever policy preserves the possessions of the wealthy, and at the same time gives promise and protection to the labor and ef f< rts of the poor, is a good one, and should receive the sanction of all. It is very clear this would be a great blessing to all. Under such a system, the people would grow strong er and wiser; all conflicts would be avoided ; the rejoicing of the poor in their prosperity would give pleasure alike to the rich. The victories of life would then leave no wounded and dying on the field. The turn now in the wheel ot fortune brings joy to the few ; groans and tears to the many. I his ought not to be. The world ought to improve. We ought to grow wiser as we grow older. Here is a great work for the morality and state manship of the times to do. Ihe money lender adds nothing to the wealth ot the State. His money is a lifeless lump of dull, dull, dead metal, and cannot grow. Wheth er kept in his own coffers or loaned on gain, it never changes. It at the end of the time the borrower bring back the same bright coins which he has nursed tor the year, he is as rich at the er.d as he was at the beginning of the year. If he get his own with usury, the excess is gain to him, but it is a loss with the borrower, unless it has been used in the great business of production. It thus em ployed, and it ba« yielded its “hundred told, then his gain is lawful. If it is only a fair portion of the produced sum, he is a bene factor. But if his demands for its use have been so high that it has absorbed the the gleanings, then he hath brought sor row to the toiling and hunger to the poor —indeed more than this. '1 he toiler will toil no more the lands run to waste and the great business of production has been stopped. It his money has been loaned to the wise merchant, with his ships at sea engaged in the great business of exchanging the pro ducts and fabrics of foreign countries with our own, thus meetingall the wants ot all his customers, in giving bis rich cargoes in ex change for the products of their labor, he has aided a good man iu a great work —and it is but right that he should have a fair share of the profits of the enterprise. But if he hath been so exacting in his terms as to damper the energy of this enterprising man ; if he hath found him in a stress, when bis ships have gone down at sea, working to maintain his sinking credit, and added to the weight of his misfortunes, by heavy cs for his aid in such a time, and afterwards has enforced his unjust claim by claiming the forfeiture of his debtor, all because “it is thus stipulated in his b *nd,” he thereby ruins an unfortunate brother and robs his honest cred itors who have no such cruel bond. He, then, is feastimr upon the mist utunts of his brother. “He thus reapeth where thou hath not sown, and gathered where thou hath not strewn.” Such a man is a scourge to the prosperity’ of the country, and brings mildew and death on all he touches. Alas for poor humanity. We have now many “Bill Brokers of Venice” in all this land*; their name is legion ; shall their num ber be increased, until, like locust, they shall ’ eat up the sustenance of the people? Or shall the wise and Christian law maker, by proper i laws, frown upon tin. >e < ■ ...p -of proq.t rity and thrift, ar. 1 thus pre _ive th° lortunes of the rich and the prospect of tue laboring poor? This is the question. Dov-herty.” •- ♦ - One of th ni nest things small boy knows tl t a y< i g man is c ming to call From the Southern Cultivator.] Cleorgia Stale Fair, 1874. The Fair held in Atlanta recently, was, in the modern acceptation of the term, a suc cess—or, to be more explicit, it was visited by an immense croud- Ofb'te, this seems to be the criterion of success. We had thought that the quantity and quality of industrial products on exhibition, and the number of visitors seeking instruction and improvement, were the tests, but it seems we are behind the age. Judged, however, by these, the late Fair was a good one in many respects in otbe:s quite defective. The display of pro ducts of the field proper, was rather meagre in quantity, though eery good in quality. The same may be said of cattle. Hogsand sheep, few in number and not remarkable. Horses, the display was large and the quality very good. Hardly too much could be said about the poultry—immense! The implement dis play was gcod. Brinly and Watt, the leading contestants for popular favor in the plough line, were on hand with full and handsome assortments of their wares. Mr. Brinly’s Gang Plough was tested on the ground, and on clean land performed admira bly—cutting a slice twenty-six inches wide and five or six inches deep on each round, drawn by two mules. The draft was too heavy for two mules—should have at least three. He had, however, a smaller plough on exhibition, which he said would run lighter, but which we did not see tested. In passing, we would add that the facilities for testing ploughs were very poor, the ground alloted too little, and its condition unsuited to test fully their capacities. The farmer cannot afford to buy every plough offered for sale and test them himself—the expense is too great- But these occasions, if properly utilized, may be made to do this at very trif ling cost. Manufacturers of good implements are glad of the opportunity to test them, and every facility ought to be afforded to do so. There ought to be a piece of stubble land grown up in rag-weeds, another covered with rank growth of pea-vines, and another with crab-grass, that farmers may see what dif ferent ploughs can do. These are the kinds of growth they have to deal with practically on their farms. We are almost prepared to say that plough trials ought to be made the great feature of a Fair. In the machinery department, there was little on exhibition except cotton gins and presses. The chief improvements in the former were in self-regulating feeders — which supply the cotton as fast as needed, but pre vent a gin from choking. A gin for short staple cotton, involving the principle of the Sea-island roller gin, with an oscillating edge for knocking the seed loose from the lint whilst the rollers hole! it, was on exhibition. Its work is beautiful—its capacity remains to be tested. A machine for cleaning cotton of trash, performed handsomely—it is designed for factories, not for farmers. The ladies’ departments—fine arts, and home industry—were admirable. What a pity the men will not imitate their exam ple. The display of fruits, flowers and vege tables was as good as could be expected at the season of the year. It was gratifying also to note an increase in quantity and quality of cloths manufactured in Georgia. Theie is evidently progress in this direction. But we must close at this brief sketch, hav ing neither space nor inclination to dwell on the racing, gambling, etc., which were very prominent features, but had no legitimate connection with the Fair. For some years past, the Society has given up the “running" of the Fairs to the cities at which they have been held—hereafter it is resolved to do the “running” itself, and we have good reasons to hope that the excrescences to which we have alluded will be lopped off. Now that Macon and A’lanta have each had an oppor tunity of showing that they can have a big Fair, we heartily second the move, that the next be held at Augusta. A wealthy Avenue merchant is reported as having said: “I always feel happy when I am advertising, for then a strong though si lent orator is working for me; one whenever 1 tires, never sleeps, never makes mistakes, | and who is certain to enter the household i from which, if at ail, my trade must come.” “ Mama, where do the cows get the milk?’ | asked Willie, looking up from the foaming . pan of milk which he bad been intently re- j garding. “Where do you get your tears?” j was the answer. After a thoughtful silence, he again broke out: “ Mama, do the cows have to be spanked ? ” All sorts of vessels and utensils may be I purified from long-retained smells of ever}’ : kind, in the* easiest and most perfect manner, . bv rinsing them out well with charcoal powder, after the grosser impurities have . been >coured off with sand and potash. To keen cabbage through the winter, pack in - iwdest in the barn and allow the whole to freeze, the sawdust being such a non-con dueior i>f hv d ouce il Lee -me- ii i n tLr< iiigh, ttl t ntil well into April, 1 - '■ . JD . . . t 3D when put iu. * AT THE ALTAR. An old man sat in the doorway When the sun was going down, Aud heard the laugh of the children And chime of bells from the town. His hair like burnished silver , Fell all about his face, And gave to the old man’s features A look of saintly grace. The sunset faded from crimson Into the twilights grey ; Aud the laugh of the happy children, Like the sunset, died away. And the silence fell about him As he sat there all alone, Where the moonlight like a blessing, Lay over the threshold stone. “Mary,” he murmured softly, “Are the children all asleep?” .And he fancied he heard her answer In the shadows grown to deep. “I wish you would read a chapter From the Bible before I pray; Something about the city Os God, and the last great day.” And sitting there in the twilight, He fancied he heard her read From the Book to which all his lifetime, He had turned aud given heed. Fancied the voice of his Mary, Who for years in Heaven had been, Was reading the dear old chapter Over to him again. And then when we thought it ended, “Let us pray,” the old man said, And knelt in the beautiful moonlight, And bowed his reverend head. ♦ * * * * * They found him there on the threshold, Kneeling beside his chair, And the white threads of the moonlight Were tangled in hie hair. But he did not stir nor answer To the words his children said ; Low at the dear God’s altar. He knelt in the moonlight dead ! (trade Cattle lor Beef. The following extract from the letter of a “Small Farmer,” shows that blooded cattle may be profitably raised for beef as well as for saleas propagators of their breeds. The letter was written for the Live Stock Jour nal : I am to raise and sell for beef about twenty calves per year, and until lately, the most of them have been grades. I usually castrate all my grade bulls, and sell my thorough breds, while young, at from SIOO to $l5O. And if I fail to make a sale of a thorough bred bull before he is two years old, J make a steer out of him. And I can make more out of my steers, than in raising bulls for sale at these prices, as I shall proceed to show. One spring I sold a lot of yearlings at $52 per head they averaged about fourteen months. I feed my calves nearly all they will eat until six months old; through the winter, about half as much grain, and some times much less, with plenty of hay. Last fall, I sold my steers at thirty months old, for five and one-half cents per pound. They weighed over 1500 pounds each. They had not been fed any grain the summer after they were a year old, and scarcely any during the winter until April 15, when I led all they would eat of 250 to 280 bushels of corn. Last spring, I sold my steers at an average of two years and six days. They were fed nearly all they would eat, except the first winter, and brought me over SBS per head. Now it costs twice as much to keep a bull two years as it does to keep a steer, and un less I can sell my bulls young, I find I had better make steers of them. 1 am as ready as any man to benefit my neighbors; but when they accuse me of avarice for asking SIOO to $l5O lor a bull, I confess philanthropy evaporates, and I go for beef to feed the world, even if I do have to compete with two-cent Texans. I can compete with them successfully with Short horns. A horn that has been knocked off a young calf will grow again. Tl.e part lost is mere ly the extremity of the Lorn. All that is necessary to be done is to apply a plaster of tar to the part, to keep the air from, coming in contact with the sensitive surface, until it has become hardened. A solution of pearlash in water, thrown upon fire, extinguishes it instantly. The proportion is a quarter of a pound dissolved in hot water and then poured into a bucket of common water. A voung apple orchard can be best pro tected from the ravages of the rabbits in the winter, bv rubbing blood on the bark of the trunk. The rabbits will avoid it. It is e t-iest done with a niece . fresh raw liver- NUMBER 2G.