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Department of Agriculture.
Circular No. 21.]
Consolidated Report of Crops, &c,
RETURNED TO THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE, AT ATLANTA, GA.,
NOVEMBER 15, 1875.
State of Georgia,
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, November 22d, 1875.
In the following report only th" general State averages are given, the
questions being so varied as no: to admit readily of county consolida
tions.
The yield of sugar compared to that of last year is reported at 51.
This very small average is due to two causes; the loss of seed cane by
an early freeze last fall, and the drouth iu the cane growing portions of
the State last summer.
The yield of cane syrup compared to that of last year is 67. The
average vield of syrup per acre is 192 gallons, which sells at the average
price of sixty-eight cents per gallon, giving a gross income per acre of
$130.56.
The average cost of production of a gallon of this syrup is twenty-eight
cents, or $53.76 per acre, which deducted from the gross income, $130.56,
gives a net profit of $76.80 per acre.
Twelve gallons of syrup are made from 100 gallons of cane juice.
The Sugar made in Georgia sells at the average price of nine cents
per pound, and the molasses nlforty-seren cents per gallon. The question
as to the yield of sugar from 100 gallons of juice seems to have been mis
understood by many correspondents—some reporting from 100 gallons of
juice and others from 100 gallons of syrup, so that a reliable average
could not be obtained. Sufficient data, however, are given to show that
it is more profitable to sell the syrup than to convert it into sugar on a
small scale.
A large majority of the correspondents report thorough boiling all that
is necessary to prevent fermentation. Some use small quantities of soda
or lime,—one-fourth of a pound of soda or one gallon of lime water to
the 100 gallons of juice. Cook’s Evaporator is the favorite with those
who use other than the common cast iron boiler —the majority still use
the latter.
The yield of Sorghum, compared to that of last year, is 423. This is
a very large increase, due to an increased acreage planted last spring,
and to the unusually favorable seasons in upper Georgia, where this is
becoming an important crop. '
The average yield of Syrup per acre is 73 gallons, which sells at an
average of sixty-six cents per gallon. This gives a gross income of $48.18
per acre, or, assuming the cost of production to be the same as that of
cane syrup, twenty-eight cents—a net profit of thirty-eight cents per gallon,
or $27.74 profit per acre. Fifteen gallons of sorghum syrup are obtained
from 100 gallons of juice. This is three gallons more than the average
yield from cane juice, and probably due to the difference in the thor
oughness of boiling, as shown by the fact that the cane syrup is less lia
ble to ferment in warm weather than the sorghum.
Eighty-eight per cent, of the Cotton was gathered on the 15th of Novem
ber. Some report all gathered. The frost succeeded by wet weather
has rendered the pickings from late cotton of unusually inferior quality.
The yield, compared to that of last year, is reported at 733 —but a
slight change from the October report.
If this estimate is correct, the crop of the present year will be a little
more than 400,000 bales, which, at eleven cents a pound, the average
cost of production, will cost the producers $20,000,000 more than it will
bring on the home market. In consequence of the unfavorable seasons,
the yield of lint from seed cotton is seven per cent, less than that of last
year.
The average yield per acre in seed cotton is 412 pounds; the cost, sir
tecn dollars per acre.
From the October report we learn that the average cost of production
of a pound of lint cotton is eleven cents; the cost, therefore, of a pound
of seed cotton will be three and three-fourths. The average product per
acre —412 pounds —will therefore cost $15.45. Assuming that the seed
will pay for the ginning and packing, and allowing ±c- per pound of
seed cotton to defray the expense of marketing, 412 pounds will cost
$1.03 after it leaves the farm. This, added to $15.45, gives the total
cost of $16.48 per acre—forty-eight cents more than the average reported
by the correspondents by the addition of the cost of marketing.
The average yield of corn per acre is reported at nine bushels, some
of the northern counties reporting as high as thirty, while some, in
those sections which suffered from drouth, report as low as live bushels
per acre.
The average yield of blade fodder per acre is 185 pounds, and the
average yield of peas planted in the corn is four bushels. All of these,
corn, fodder and peas, refer to the crop of this year. Peas, when planted
alone, give an average yield of ten bushels per acre.
The average cash price of corn throughout the State is $1.08; of peas,
sl.lO ;of fodder, per 100 pounds, $1.19. The average cost ot an acre in
corn and peas is reported at SB.OO. The account, therefore, with an
average acre of corn and peas will stand thus:
CREDITS.
By’ 9 bushels corn at SI.OB per bushel $ 9 72
By 4 bushels peas at sl.lO per bushel 4 40
By’ 185 pounds fodder at $1.19 per 100 pounds 2 20
sl6 32
DEBIT.
To total cost per acre $ 8 00
By balance $ 8 32
The only item of expense omitted in the above cost per acre is inter
est on the land.
According to the United States census of 1870, the average cash value
per acre of Georgia farms is $4 67. Interest on this nt 7 per cent- in
creases the cost to $8.32, leaving a balance of SB.OO profit per acre, or
just 100 per cent on the cost, a very different result from that shown iu
the production of cotton.
The average yield of ground peas to the acre is reported at 28 bushrL,
that of ehufas at 20. The majority prefer the ground pea as a hog crop,
and represent the e< st of cultivation < f the two crops to be the same.
The yield of sweet potatoes c ompared to that ot last year is only 67.
and the average vield this year is only 60 bushels per acre, the drouths
in the spring and summer having interfered with -ecuring a stand, and
that in September, which was getter / - : > sly curtailing the produc
tion.
The question in it lertnce to the uv ■ o t f ; res. rving the sweet
potato elicited general and veiy ... io ng : -ponse, slewing ni.nked
uniformity of practice an expel D ng in dry weather is uni-
versally reeomincnded, and the pt.ict.ee ot riviug tree \ r.til .to ’.. nt ’
cold weather approaches, very general \:.r • ■ me.;• - are r» ac
complish this end. Some, after coviii: .wi a-t; .w . >.rk or c-rn
» \ r lightly with cirt. .1 .vr. "
a nt, exclude water. A" the c ’ ..- .
, ‘ At ’ a ' . ... 1-
THE GEORGIA GRANGE.
but little dirt is used. Some employ as ventilators a plank box extend
ing from the base of the bank to the top, the sides of the box being per
forated with auger holes to facilitate the ventilation.
The great end to be accomplished is the preservation of a uniform tem
perature.
SPECIAL WEA TIIER REPORTS.
Dr, J. M. Boardman reports, at Macon :
Mean Temperature 55° Maximum 66° Minimum 45°.
Mrs. P. H. Mell, Atlanta, reports :
Mean Temperature.
7 a. M. 1 r. M. 6 P. M.
41° 55° 50°
Mean for the day
48f°
Rain fall inches.
REMARKS.
No more crop reports will be issued until April, of next year, when
they will again be resumed during the crop season.
In order to organize a more thorough system of crop and weather
reports connected with experimental investigations, a convention of the
correspondents and experimenters of the Department will be called, to
meet in Atlanta on the 25th day’ of January next, to continue in session
three days. Before this convention, various subjects of vital interest to
Georgia agriculturists will be discussed, such as the relation of meteor
ology, entomology, and other branches of science, to agriculture, farm
economy, crop statistics, actual and current, and others, which the occa
sion may suggest.
Arrangements have been effected with the railroads of the State by
which delegates to the convention can come and return for one fare.
A full attendance is very desirable, in order that, by a full and free
conference, each co-worker of the Department may thoroughly under
stand and appreciate his relations to the people of the State as a source
of valuable information. Much of the most efficient work of the De
partment has been based upon information collected from the intelligent
farmers who are its correspondents and co-workers.
It is therefore hoped that, with this timely notice, every correspondent
and experimenter will attend the contemplated convention.
zv N~'. f
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L V byTHE br,d CeJt
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FIIiST \874,'
state EMY u?riuter \
I- DUq' I
1875 FOR SALLE! 1876.
510,000 FRUIT TREES!
BY 31. COLE «&; CO.,
ATLANTA NURSERIES
ATLANTA GEORGIA.
A <TE invite the attention of Farmers and Fruit Gowers to our Extensive and Varied
V T Stock of well grown Standard and Dwarf Fruit and Nut Trees, Grape Hues, small Fruits,
Ornamental, Evergreen and Deciduous Trees and Shrubs. 8,000 everblooming Roses. A fine
stock of Greenhouse and Bedding Plants, including Jessamines, Camellias, Eucalyptus Globulus,
Japonieas. Callas, Lycopodiums and Eucalyptus Globulus in pots Ito 3 feet high. Strict attention
given to orders by mail. Packing done in the bast manner. Prices low. Catalogues free.
Moses Cole, M. COLE & CO.. Proprietors.
Camx’bell W.uj.ace. oct-4m .\tlanta, Georgia. H
1
foe
■ Rights of a Citizen of the United States.
HOW to exercise and how to preserve them.
. together with a treatise on the nxles of
organization and ; rocedure of deliberative as-
I sexnblies. and a glossary <>f law terms in com
mon uee, by Theo; ■■ - i
. book contains the ee& nee : all Pi t. I •• ■ -
writings, and ; resents in ; lain, nitechrkal
language, a clear and full expositi n of ■.r-
I guaranteed “Rights of a Citizen.’ beta S;att
and Nat
formation no where else found in pr.-v" •»?.> *
; to meet the every-day wants of all cla->’ • o:
<it,.• ■!:>. One agent reports 57 Id
I ek, an >ther 56 an 1 an< ther 45 1'
etc., addre-s Natict ai Pa . -1,. 4 < 1.•.
Atlanta, ■ la. . •
r TKADI. I 1 >5, .
I The time for paying the notes and
I'. E. I ;' ■ I.ER. 7■.
j V
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GOOD and
111 Substantia]
masons
Why The Franklin ‘ Leads the Van’
in General and Fine Printing
andKßlank Book Making.
Ist. Because it is an establishment fitted es
pecially for Printing in all its various and intri
cate ramifications.
2<l. Because it employs only such workmen
as are thorough masters of the art.
3<L Because it embraces in its printing ma
i terial all that’s new, useful and beautiful.
4tli. Because its paper, card and stocks are
purchased from first hands, selected by compe
-1 tent judges, possessing the two qualities so de
sirable to the consumers— elegance of finish and
durability.
5111. Because its proprietors give their per
sonal attention to the execution of every order.
1 however small.
i (Illi. Because it will not be underbid in prices,
j as it gives the customer in good work and full
count, a quid pro quo.
7111. Because it will not be excelled by any
j other house, south or elsewhere, in the execu
tion of its work.
Sih. Because it is prompt, reliable and fully
prepared, at all times, fox- large or small orders.
9th. Because it is a home institution; owned
and operated by practical, enter] rising, public
spirited, safe men—employing artists noted for
their accomplishments in the profession : and
19th. Because you can not do better in
I prices, promptness or quality than at
! TEE rWM STEAM PMTM HOUSE,
CHRISTIE'S
Grand Square Piano Fortes!
riIHESE PIANOS have been before the public
f< t TWENTY YEARS, and Lave been pronoun
c '. 1 nrquxilletl for -weetness an 1 flue
ng tone elastic touch, reliable workmau
<.ip ■•ut. and durability. Guaranteed
tli' 1 n... ifac’.ured. Warranted for 6 years
? from the Factory, and - > save agent’s
Special 1 ndixc'-xn“Hi«. to Graxi™
Price List to F&c-
Office of
T. G. GARRETT’S
GEORGIA AND FLORIDA
State Grange Business Agency
For Selling and Purchasing all Grange
Supplies and Products.
Corner Broad and Alabama Sts.
(Up Stairs.)
Atlanta, Ga., Nov. 18, 1875.
To the Patrons who sell Cotton in this
Market:
To enable you to command at all times, the
full value of your cotton, and to protect you
against the combinations of street buyers, I
have a proposition to make, which cannot fail
to afford you every satisfaction.
I propose that when you bring your cotton to
this market, you notify me at once. I will have
the samples properly drawn, which shall cost
you nothing. You can then take these samples
and go round the market to ascertain the best
price you can get. After you have done so to
your complete satisfaction, I will then offer the
cotton for sale, and if f do not command at
least one-eighth of a cent more than you are of
fered, then I shall not charge one cet t for my
trouble. My facilities for selling cotton, are
such as warrant my making this proposition, as
I can often command one-fourth to three-eights
of a cent more than the street prices.
When I sell for more than you are offered,
then, and in no other case. I shall charge fifty
cents per bale. The Executive Committee allow
me one dollar for selling cotton, but I have de
cided to give the Patrons half.
T. G. GARRETT,
nov2o Agent for Georgia and Florida.
E. TAYLOR. THOS. WILLINGHAM, JR.
TAYLOR, WILLINGHAM & CO.
Grange Warehouse.
Poplar Street, - - MLACONI, <wA.
HONOR TO WHOM HONOR IS DUE.
JJAVING been first in Georgia, under the
influence of Grange principles, to propose a
reduction of the commission in the cotton busi
ness, and having demonstrated the past season
that the business can be successfully conducted
at one dollar per bale, where no risk is incurred,
we again tender our services to the planters of
Middle and Southwestern Georgia, iu the
Sale and Storage of Cotton,
above reduced rates, and will use our best
endeavors to deserve confidence and our share
of patronage. oct23-3m
- _A LJ r-
Mm f 6 loYh ing ito
I Mil
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A ‘ k ir r' il :
j ‘ warn pWI V-S
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\
VIEW OF
HAAS BROS.’
CELEBRATED
0. K. Clothing Store,
ATLANTA, GEORGIA.
rpHE undersigned beg leave to call the atten-
JL tion of Grangers and others to their un
usually large and attractive stock of Ready-made
i Clothing and Furnishings for Men’s and Boys’
I wear.
Being the ONLY MANUFACTURERS OF
i CLOTHING IN THE STATE, we are enabled to
i compete in prices with any south of Baltimore,
1 and UNDERSELL all in Georgia.
Parties living at a distance can have their or
. ders filled as ’.veil as if present themselves, by
addressing HAAS (BROS.,
32 Whitehall street, Atlanta, Ga.
Sole Agents for " Eagle White Shirt," which
was awarded first premium at State Fair in 1874.
Send for our catalogue. oct23.
I. K. FELCH,
Breeder and Dealer in
Jersej-SliortHoniaiflAyfsiireCattle
Pedigree l ight Brahma- E-leii’- Strain, ’> Black
and Partridge Cochins. Plvmouth Rock.
Legh Tns. I;. B. G. Bantam-, and
Pigeons in variety.
N ATICK. MISS.If HTSKTTS.
The Fruit Recorder and Cottage Gardener
will be sen’ rr.rr. 3montb« to all ap-
Hpl .nt». We do not ask any one to
iO Mmtiisr
i Free, i ' * Ei
■ ... . <l> s N tali Fruit Instruetor
st f -..Tsrosik'.. w ..4 ..| j. :: it t
/ . - Market 1 . . T '
A. M. j'VR’H . !?<x r, >.
Mrs. M. T. WELLBORN’S
rtiscif kss
FOR PRESERVING!
Peaches, Pears, Quinces, Apples,
Plums, Gages, Berries, Grapes,
Tomatoes, Corn
and Okra,
In Barrels, Kegs, large Jars or other vessels of
any size, and almost any kind, without mak
ing them air tight, and without using
sugar, at a cost of from four to
eight cents per gallon, and in
quality and fresh fruit fla
vor really superior to the
best canned fruit.
COPYRIGHT SIRCUR.EID.
This recipe differs entirely from the air-tight
ening method, and in fact from every method
thus far offered to the public, and for the most
part is a new and original discovery of my own,
especially so regarding the mode of preparing
the fruit at preserving, and for use upon the
table, whilst to prevent fermentation, and en
able its reliable keeping in wooden kegs and bar
rels simply headed and bunged tight, or in large
jars without forming a vacuum, or making them
air tight. I confess to being actuated to the
discovery manifesting the recipe, by an antiseptic
already known, and a common staple in the mark
et, at least should be found in every country
store, Drug store and Grocery of the town.
I have used this process largely during the
past three years, last year (1873) I put up over
two hundred and fifty gallons of fruit, mostly in
barrels, and having more than I wanted for use,
I sold what I could spare in our town at one
dollar per gallon.
I have been fully successful with Peaches,
Pears, Apples, Quinces, Plums and Gages, Ber
ries, Grapes, Tomatoes and Okra, and all who
used them at my table pronounced them superi
or to the best canned fruit, being very firm, and
having more of the fresh fruit flavor. They
kept reliable the year round in barrels headed
and bunged tight, and upon opening the barrel
I used or removed the fruit by little as wanted,
from time to time until all was used, involving
from one to two months in using, during which
time they kept free from fermentation, or the
least sign of it. Upon removing the head of the
barrel at first opening, it was uot replaced un
til the barrel was emptied, simply keeping the
barrel otherwise covered closely as I couid, to
prevent dust getting in, and guard against evap
oration of the fruit syrup—thus, keeping fruit in
barrels, is certainly an economical feature of this
recipe. But it has another as economical if not
more desirable feauture, that is, I do not use su
gar at the time of preserving the fruit, whereby
the expense or outlay of money at the time of pre
serving is so small and trifling, that it will actu
ate farmers, fruit growers and families to save
more fruit for winter use, and perhaps for the
market; and if they do not, it robs them of one
excuse, that of the expense for not doing so.
These two features combining make this re
cipe a desirable one to be in every family, and
what I most desire to urge'jipon the public is,
its combined cheapness and good qualities of the
fruit, and in urging it, my s’trong wish is indeed
to farmers and fruit growers, to avail themselves
of it, preserve their surplus fruits and tomatoes
for sale or use during the winter months. In
doing so, by having cheap help—boys or girls—
to prepare the fruit for preserving, any farmer
or farmer’s wife, with a few ordinary preserving
kettles, can put up two or three hundred gallons
per day.
Judging from the ready sale I met with for
the fruit I sold in our town at one dollar per gal
lon, it is my opinion that if the fruit growers
will preserve their surplus fruit for winter mar
ket it would all sell readily at remunerative prices
—and at one dollar per gallon w’ould be equal to
from three to four dollars per bushel for the
fresh fruit.
The recipe is printed in pamphlet form, and
protec ed by copyright,
Price, 50 cents per copy, or 15 copies for $5-
00; ICO copies, ordered at once, $25 00.
Remit money in registered letter, postage
prepaid, except on large orders, which will be
sent by express. Very respectfully,
MRS. M. T. WELLBORN.
Marion, Perry county, Alabama.
All cash orders from the State of Georgia for
above recipes promptly filled, and a discount of
10 to 20 per cent, on above terms allowed to Pa
trons, by E. TAYLOR, Agent, Macon, Georgia.
is it that beautifies your homes ?
Pleases the eye ?
Makes your homes a pleasure ?
Gives the children delight ?
Pleases the Wife—ditto, the other half ?
IT IS
PICTURES!
BRACKETS !
MOTTOS!
MIRRORS!
.1. r. TRIMBLE & CO.,
No. 30 Whitehall street, Atlanta, Georgia, make
specialties of the above, keeping a full line of
them, varying in price from 10 cents each to SSO.
Sizes and styles to suit every cultivated taste.
r n. ivr E s
For Pictures, Mix Tors, Hair, Bead, Wax and
Feather Work, made to order at short notice.
Call and see their elegant store, (up stairs.)
Write postal card and get prices.
Georgia firm—Georgia enterprise—Georgia
factory. oct23-3m
HENRY SELTZER
Corner Broad and Walton streets.
ATLANTA, . . GKORGIA.
JMPORTER and dealer in
China, Class and Queensware,
LAMP GOODS, ETC., ETC.
Buying my goods from the best known manu
facturers, for dish, enables me to compete
in prices and surpass any goods in this market
fcis’ Tlio best 150 degree Fire Test Oil— The
Cline, for sale bv
HICIVRY SELTZEH.
septlltf
P U LASKI HO USE,
JOHNSON SQUARE.
SAVANNAH, - - GEORGIA.
Facing South, with a Frontage of 273 feet,
S. N. PAPOT &CO Proprietors
oct23-tf
BANKRUPT BLANKS,
OXL.Y OXI2 DOLKA.fi..
Comple'.c- Sets of Bankrupt Blanks, printed on
excellent j ape-r, a’ .-I per - .
Send order.- to
JAS. P. HA! RISJX .t CO.,
3