Newspaper Page Text
VOLUMF^ S^ 6
iO'
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THOMSON, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 1924.
NUMBER 3.
The BOK PEACE AWARD
Readers of this paper are familiar with the proposition of Mr. Edward Washington, D. C., Jan. 10.
W. Bok offering $100,000 to the person suggesting the best plan for world USE OF ELECTRICITY TREPLED
peace. While the Jury of Award have selected the plan which they deem ^ YEARS.
workable, the name of the successful contestant will not be divulged until I Nearly three times much elec
i tricity is made now as in 1912, sc
atter the referendum. The plan is given here in the condensed form: |cording to a report just issued by the
Department of Commerce. It covers
the generation of electricity by cen
tral stations, both commercial and
municipal, and by electrical railways
for the 10-year period, 1912-1922.
The official totals for central stations
ai - e as follows:
WINNING PLAN—No. 1469—Se
lected by Jury of American Peace
Award—Created by Edward W. Bok
and Offering $100,000 for the Best
Practicable Plan by Which the United
States May Cooperate with Other
Nations, Looking Toward the Pre
vention of War.
With deep satisfaction I present
for the consideration and vote of the
American people the plan selected
by the Jury as entitled to the Ameri
can Peace Award under the* condi
tions.
The Award brought forth 22,165
plans. Since many of them were the
composite work'of organizations, uni
versities, etc., a single plan often
represented the views of hundreds of
thousands of individuals. There were
also received several hundred thous
and of letters which, while they did
not submit plans, suggested in almost
each instance a solution of the peace
problem.
The Jury had therefore before it
an index of the true feeling and judg
ment of hundreds of thousands of
American citizens. The plans came
from every group in American life.
Some were obviously from life-long
students of history and international
law. Some were from persons who
havp studied little, but who have
themselves seen and felt the horror
cf war—or who are even now living
out its tragedy.
However unlike, they almost all
express or imply the same convic
tion: That this is the time for the
nations of the earth to admit frankly
that war is a crime and thus with
draw the legal and moral sanction too
long permitted to it as a method of
settling international disputes. Thou
sands df plans show a deep aspiration
to have the United States take the
lead in a common agreement to brand
war in very truth an “outlaw.V
The plans shows a realization that
no adequate defense against this
situation has thus far been devised;
and that no international law has
been developed to control it. They
point out that security of life and
property is dependent upon the aboli
tion of war and the cessation of the
manufacture of munitons of war.
Some of the plans labor with the
problem of changing the hearts of
men and disposing them toward peace
and good will; some labor to find a
practicable means of dealing with the
economic causes of war; some labor
with adjusting racial animosities
with producing a finer conception of
nationalism, etc., etc.
Through the plans as a \yhole run
these dominant currents:
That, if war is honestly to be pre
sented, there must be a right-about-
face on the part of the nations in
their attitude toward it; and that by
some progressive agreement the man
ufacture and purchase of the muni
tions of war must be limited or
stopped.
That while no political mechanism
alone will insure cooperation among
the nations, there must be some ma
chinery of cooperation if the will to
cooperate is to be rfiade effective;
that mutual council among the na
tions is the real hope for bringing
about the disavowal of war by the
open discussion of them.
Finally, that there must be some
means of defining, recording, inter
preting and developing the law of
nations.
The Jury of Award unanimously
selected the plan given below as the
one which most closely reflected sev
eral of these currents.
The Honorable Elihu Root, chair
man of the Jury of Award, then pre
pared the following foward-looking
statement indicating that the mutual
counsel and cooperation among the
nations provided in the selected plan
may lead to the realization of another
—and not the least important—of the
dominant desires of the American
public as expressed in the plans:
“It is the unanimous hope of the
Jury that the first fruit of the mu
tual counsel and cooperation among
the nations which will result from
the adoption of the plan selected will
be a general prohibition of the manu
facture and sale of all materials of
war.”
' The purpose of the American Peace
Award is thus fulfilled: To reflect
national sentiment as expressed by
the large cross-section of the Ameri
can public taking part in the Award.
I therefore commend the winning
plan as unanimously selected by the
Jury of Aw r ard, and Mr. Root’s state
ment of the first object to be at
tained by the counsel and cooperation
provided in the plan, to the interest
and the widest possible vote of the
American people.
EDWARD W. BOK.
January, 1924.
FEEDING FISH ELECTRICALLY.
By placing electric lights close to
the surface of the water a number of
state fish hatcheries throughout the
country are helping feed their thous
ands of fish. The lights attract mul
titudes of insects and the fish do the
rest.
1912 . . .
17,621,808,893
kilo-
watt-hours.
1917 . . .
watt-hours.
32,678,806,061
kilo-
1922 . .s.
watt-hours.
45,307,536,711
kilo-
THE QUESTION TO BE VOTED
UPON.
The substantial provisions which
constitute the plan selected by the
Jury of Award, and upon which the
vote of the American people is asked,
are hereby submitted by the Policy
Committee as follows:
I. ENTER THE PERMANENT
COURT.
That the United States adhere to
the Permanent Court of Internation
al Justice for the reasons and under
the conditions stated by Secretary
Hughes and President Harding in
February, 1923.
II. COOPERATE WITH THE
LEAGUE OF NATIONS, WITH
OUT FULL MEMBERSHIP
AT PRESENT.
That without becoming a member
of tj»e League of Nations as at pres
ent constituted, the United States
Government should extend its present
cooperation with the League and
propose participation in the work of
its Assembly and Council under the
following conditions and reserva
tions:
Safeguarding of Monroe Doctrine.
1. The United States accepts the
League of Nations as an instrument
of mutual counsel, but it will assume
no ,obligation to interfere with poli
tical questions of policy or internal
administration of any foreign state.
In uniting its efforts with those of
other States for the preservation of
peace and the promotion of the com-
ftion welfare, the’ United States in
sists upon the safeguarding / of the
Monroe Doctrine and does not aban
don its traditional attitude concerning
American independence of the Old
World and does not consent to sub
mit its long established policy con
cerning questions regarded by it as
purely American to the recommenda
tion or decision of other Powers.
No Military or Economic Force.
2. The only kind of compulsion
which nations can freely engage to
apply to each other in the name of
Peace is that which arises from con
ference, from moral judgment, from
full publicity, and from the power of
public opinion.
The United States will assume no
obligations under Article X in its
present form, or uiider Article XVI
in its present form in the Covenant,
or in its amended form as now pro
posed, unless in any particular case
Congress has authorized such action.
The United States proposes that
Article X and XVI be.either dropped
altogether or so amended and chang
ed as to eliminate any suggestion of
a general agreement to use coercoin
for obtaining conformity to the
pledges of the Covenant.
No Obligations Under Versailles
Treaty.
3. The United States will accept
no responsibilities under the Treaty
of Versailles unless in any particular
case Congress has authorized such
action.
League Open to All Nations.
4. The United States Government
proposes that Article I of the Cov
enant be construed and applied, or,
if necessary, redrafted, so that ad
mission to the League shall be assur
ed to any self-governing State that
wishes to join and that receives the
favorable vote of two-thirds of the
Assembly.
Development of International Law.
5. As a condition of its participa
tion in the work and counsels of the
League, the United States asks that
the Assembly and Council consent—
or obtain authority—to begin colla
boration for the revision and develop
ment of international law, employing
for this purpose the aid of a commis
sion of jurists. This Commission
would be directed to formulate anew
These figures show an increase of
85 per cent in the total current gen
erated between 1912 and 1917, while
the 1922 total marks an increase of
157 per cent for the 10-year period.
Extensions and improvements of a
value of $002,000,000 have been made
by the electrical central stations of
the country during the year just
closed. Among the more important
are: Steam electric plants, additions
and extensions, 1,987,000 kilowatts,
costing $209,417,000; hydroelectric
plants, additions and extensions,
903,000 kilowatts, costing $74,396,-
000; extensions to transmission sys
tems, $125,200,000, and extensions to
distribution systems, $193,130,000.
UNITED STATES LOSES SUIT
FOR DYE PATENTS.
The famous “dye-case” in which
the Government set up sensational
and ridiculous claims evidently in
tended to discredit official acts of the
Wilson war period has been decided
after a long and bitter trial. Federal
Judge Hugh M. Morris dismissed the
1 suit to set aside the sale of seized
.chemical and dye patents by the Alien
i Property Custodian to the Chemical
Foundation Inc.
The decision rebuked the Govern
ment for including in the bill of com
plaint a series of conspiracy charges
j unsupported by evidence at the trial
| and refuted by the defense as well as
| by documents filled by the Govern-
j ment. The general public opinion
jthat the whole matter grew out of
Jan attempt of the Germany to regain
I their pre-war prestige in dyes by
breaking down the position of United
! States manufacturers, appears to be
'confirmed by the Court decisions.
Judge Morris held there was no evi
dence of a conspiracy by American
manufacturers to effect a monopoly
j through the Foundation.
PERFECTING PROCESS FOR
FIXING FREE NITROGEN.
One of the important steps in de
veloping the synthetic ammonia pro
cess of recovering nitrogen from the
! atmosphere has been solved by the
I Fixed Nitrogen Laboratory of the
| United States Department of Agri
culture. This important step is the
discovery or development of a cata
lyzer, or chemical agent, which aids
in the chemical reaction that takes
place in combining hydrogen under
! pressure with the nitrogen of the
air to form ammonia, in which form
the nitrogen is available for use as
I fertilizers. The report says: “As
a consequence we are now in posses
sion of such reliable information con
cerning at least one type of ammonia
catalyst and its manufacture that one
of the principal obstacles to the suc
cessful operation of such plants as
United States nitrate plant No. 1 at
Sheffield, Alabama, has been remov
ed.”
INDIAN DANCES AND CERE
MONIES.
The Committee of One Hundred ap
pointed by the Secretary, of the In
terior approves the cultivation of all
lawful ancient ceremonies, rites, and
customs of the Indian race and the
various tribal and community divis
ions of the race, except when any of
these contravene the laws of the land,
or the interests of morality. The
Committee says: “The encouraging
of the characteristic native arts and
craft!, and the development to the
highest artistic and commercial val
ues of Indian basketry, pottery, and
blanket weaving, many of which are
ceremonial and religious, are to be
thoroughly commended.”
COUNTY AGENT FOR S. G. STORY HAS
M’DUFFIE ASSURED
Mr. T. L. Asbury, of the State Col
lege of Agriculture, was in Thomson
BEEN PARDONED
After serving about two year* ot
14 to 16 year sentence for the kill*
GROWING TASTE FOR
PRECIOUS STONES.
Diamond imports to the United
States have aggregated over a bil
lion dollars in the last half century,
and will total 60 millions in 1923,
which holds second rank in the his
tory of diamond importations.
Americans now own about 2 billion
dollars worth of diamonds or more
than one-half the entire world’s stock.
Wednesday conferring with local of- ^ n S of Mr. Sol Jones, the Governor
ficials in regard to a county * agent has granted a full pardon to Mr. Sr
and states that everything has been G. Story, who is expected to arriV#
arranged so that McDuffie county will home Saturday.
secure the services of a competent | Notice of the Governor’s action
man beginning the first of February, was received in Thomson Wednesday
This news will be gratifying to 'by Col. John T. West, attorney for
many in the county who had become ; Mr. Story, who appeared before th#
familiar with the work of the county [Governor in the interest of his client
agent and depended on him for help last week.
and advice in many instances. They
feel as though it would hive been a
calamity to let the work siai'ted by
Mr. Drexel stop where it was. The
expense to the county would be so
flight that it will in no wise be
burdensome. The State pays half
the expense, the school board, the
county and the Chamber of Com
merce paying one-third each of the
other half. Those familiar with the
woi’k and who joined heartily in co
operation with Mr. Drexel last year,
are confident that what he did more
than paid his salary.
Mr. Asbury says he has a man in
view who will meet the requirements
and feels confident of securing his
services.
Fpiends of Mr. Story will be gfftd
to learn of his good fortune.
existing rules of the law of nations,
to reconcile divergent opinions, to
consider points hitherto inadequate
ly provided for but vital to the main
tenance of international justice, and
in general to define the social rights
and duties of States. The recom
mendations of the Commission would
be presented from time to time, in
proper form for consideration, to the
Assembly as to a recommending if
not a law-making body.
Author’s Name Not to Be Revealed
Until After Referendum
In order that the vote may be tak
en solely upon the merits of the plan,
the Policy Committee, with the ac
quiescence of Mr. Bok, has decided
not to disclose the authorship of the
plan until after the* referendum, or
early in February. The identity of
the authos is unknown to the mem
bers of the Jury of Award and the
Policy Committee, except one dele
gated member.
THE COTTON CROP.
The United States Agirfcultural De
partment estimates that the consen
sus of opinion is that the cotton crop
will be around 10,000,000 bales and
the grade is said to be considerably
lower than it was last year, hence
the spinning value measured in the
number of pounds of goods that can
be produced will be somewhat lower
than the size of the crop would in-
ate.
IMPROVED CONDITIONS IN
THE PHILIPPINES.
The seasonal activity and revival
of trade in the Philippines resulted
in the largest exports in November
since June and.imports in excess of
any month in 1923 except January,
with a favorable balance of trade
considerably larger than any since
June, according to a cable to the De
partment of Commerce.
’RAII FOR IRISH MONEY
ORDERS.
The exchange of money orders with
three new countries; the Irish Free
State, Straits Settlement, and the
Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and
Slovenes, was inaugurated with the
beginning of the new year, it was an
nounced by Postmaster General New.
This is the first time in history that
money orders have been exchanged
direct between the United States and
Ireland and the United States and
the Straights Settlement, and the
Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and
Slovenes under that name, although
prior to the war money orders were
exchanged with Serbia and Austrian
Hungary from which the new stat3
has been carved.
UNCONTROLLED COAL
MONOPOLY.
“The reason for the high price of
anthracite coal is uncontrolled mon
opoly,” declared Representative Allen
T. Treadway, of Massachusetts, in i
speech in the House of Representa
tives. He called on Congress to en
act legislation applying the findings
of the Coal Commission to the indus
try. The chief recommendations of
the Coal Commission, which was
headed by John Hays Hammond, was
that the President should be empow
ered in a coal emergency to take
over and operate the mines, and the
transportation, distribution and mar
keting of the product, fixing wages,
prices and compensation of mine
owners. Representative Treadway
has also submitted a bill providing
for Federal regulation of the anth
racite industry through a bureau in
the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion.
WILL GO TO NEW YORK.
Mr. C. G. Story, owner of the
“Crash-’Em-Down” boll weevil form
ula, and Judge J. B. Burnside, his at
SCHOOL STARTS
NECT MONDAY
All the little boys and girls ard
clapping their hands and jubilating—
because school starts again Monday
morning.
The pupils have enjoyed a nice*
long rest and are now anxious to get
back to books again.
Prof. Gunby and the teachers will
all be back and ready for opening
school Monday morning, and the pu-
pils with shining bright faces will
flock back to duty.
Simple Form For Filings
Income Taxes.
The following statement is issued
Mr. C. A. Farmer Wednesday ship- , by j T Rose> CoUector of internal
ped another car of peanuts, which
were x-aised by the farmers of Mc
Duffie county, making the second car
shipped from the 1923 crop.
While this is a very small begin
ning, it is encouraging the farmers
to l-aise such things for market. It
is along the line of diversification,
Revenue of the District of Georgia*
Let one of your New Year resolu*
tions be -to file your income tax re
turn early. Forms for filing individ
ual, corporation, fiduciai-y and other
returns required by the revenue act
are now available at the office of
Collector of Internal Revenue, At-
and is something that can be depend- j i an ( ja> ailb the following offices: Ma
t'd upon with a great deal more as- con and Savannah,
surance than cotton. The two ship- The )iling period is from j anuar y
nxents from the county means three | to jyi arc h 15 1924
or four thousand dollars more to the inaugurating the most progrseaivo
farmers than they *ould have made and important step it has taken since
cthei-wise. the initiation of the Income Tax laws,
Last year was the first time pea- the internal Revenue Bureau, after
nuts were planted in McDuffie for months of research work, has dev«l-
marlcet, and those who planted them oped a s j mp ijfi ed income tax form
are well pleased with results, which which Collector Rose declared would
will doubtless mean that the acreage make it
as easy for the salaried or
will be increased this year.
FARMERS’ WEEK AND MARKET
CONFERENCE AT ATHENS.
wage-earning taxpayer . to prepare
his return, for the coming filing par
ed as it would be for him to fill in
a request for a postal money order,
or to make out an application for
employment such as is required by
January 21-26 is Farmers’ Week
and Market Conference at the State the a ^ erage commercial concern.
College of Agriculture. Experts
from Georgia and Washington will
Reduced from six pages to a sin
gle sheet on which answers are re
take up every phase of crop growing | quired to only three questions in re-
and mrirketing. Prominent business j lation to inC ome, Form 1040A has
men of Georgia, interested in the up- beeu revised in the interests of the
great mujority of taxpayei’s. This
number of persons affected by the
adoption of the simplified form is
building of the State and the coop
eration of farmers’ and business in-
tei’ests to that end will be among
the speakers. The week is one of j shown by the f act that of 6,662,176
great importance to Georgia farm-! personal returns filed for the calen-
ers, and it will be well worth any ■ daj . year 1921, 6,136,570 were return-
farmer or farmer’s wife’s time . to ; ed on Form i 0 40A. Of personal in
attend.
Many features
will
MRS. LYTLE NOW IS SOLE
OWNER OF PLANT.
of interest • come amounting to $13,215,434,211
to women will appear on the pro- reported on 1040A forms, $10,981,-
8 Tam - , 649,359 was derived from salaries
A program for the week may be and wages,
seen at The Progress office. | j t i a estimated that more than
4,000,000 persons in the United States
jwill use Form 1040A in reporting in-
:come for the calendar year 1923,
- Out of a total of approximately 76,-
The case involving ownership of 0 00 who will file returns in the difl-
The Columbia Sentinel, the late Sen- J trict of Georgia more than 40,000,
ator Watson’s paper, has been set- : j t j s estimated, will use the new
tied out of court,, and Mrs. Alice form.
Louise Lytle becomes sole owner of | Persons who use Form 1040A will
the paper and equipment. Mr. Wat- find the problem of correctly making
son and Mrs. Lytle owned the pub- oa t an income tax 1‘eturn reduced to
lication conjointly before Mr. Wat-j a minimum. The difficulties of the
son’s death, it is understood. The I aud j t a i so w ju be greatly lessened,
contention in court was that Mrs. j thereby expediting the work of th«
Lytle had claims against the puixli- Bureau of Internal Revenue, and r«-
cation which entitled her to the prop- ducing the cost of operating expense,
erty. This contention has now been The new Form 1040A will be used
settled satisfactorily with the result exclusively by taxpayers whose in-
as stated above. Judge J. B. Burn- dividual net income is $5,000 or less,
side was attorney for Mrs. Lytle. coming principally from salaries and
wages, and was designed to meet the
NEW CITIZENS. ; almost univresal criticism that the
Mr. N. C. Murphy, of West Point, income blanks were so complicated
has leased the home of Mr. Quinn that it required the services of A
awyer or an expert accountant to All
ut one. _*
Form 1Q40 is to be used by p«-
West on Lee street and will occupy
same the first of February. He is
an official of the Lullwater Manufac
turing Company, who now own the sons, any part of whose income for
Thomson cotton mill, and will be the the year 1923 was derived from buli-
local manager of the mill. ness or profession, farming, sale of
Mr. and Mrs. Murphy and family property or rents, regardless of the
will receive a cordial welcome by the amount, and in all cases where the
people of Thomson. net income was in excess of $5,<fo0,
j whether from salary, wages, buai-
Trade of the United States with ness, profession or other taxable
Mexico, aggregated about $250,000,- sources,
torney, will leave in a few days for 000 in the calender year 1923, and | Formerly Form 1040 was used only
New York in the interest of the for- $2,500,000,000 in the decade ending where the net incomes exceeded $5,-
mu l a ; with 1923. 000, Taxpayers will rteceive each form