Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

A. ■■lTlli, Prwpr VOLUME I. ■v «I«TU MA*. a, 044—0*1 I wtek I vm daad. Ban ■*’•*’» r* h * JI —■ lohat—a <0 know avklla *<n iFNMera " waa ta tba paat tanaa, An* »*aa I tai* Maa tea* “ jnaut, at oautaa,' ■a task— aa «lam aa a a ah, AaS only aald, “ O, vMat a haad Haa anr daar UM»a Myrtla M*h." dad oaa* whan I ***** Mm to ahaa ma how Ta wrtta a aompoaitlan, , Baaald, -Pho-a-aw ! Whan vU yo« Baqnlra on* aaqulalUon t • ha hatpad ma all tks mb*; HhaveMat arnU mfhaa; ■aa hha stesr day I haard Mm mp: •• Mabh always fol U» Hum " and Whra I aakad him. tMu>«n*ly, U ba had “ anahaa ta bls boot," Ha **” • ssntla U>ii oould bs hoard a mils, And playod “ Tba Old Man's Drunk Ayala ” an hl* tuts. UKX Idaat kaaw a aaapta boy Who Bad ossa fntn of aaaaa. I’d S’” fcl ™ 4oU » r a“T Poll, And paab him Uuro—h a hadda-raaoa THE JUSTOKY OF PAPEIi. Preceding the use of papyrus by the Egyptians, records were kepi and cor ir-spondenoa carried on by inscribing on clay bricks, metal plates, ivory tablets, etc., the matter to be preserved or oom niimioated. This was the common : method of Egypt st the time of the exo dus of the children of Israel. Stamped upon • day cylinder, an Assyrian ac count of the deluge has been found, nnd a similar cylinder in the museum of the East India Company contains a portion of the annals or decrees of Nebuch'Ml nemtar. According to authorities, papyrus, a re®d which oould l»e unrolled into sheets, began to lie of use as paper 3, 961 years before Christ, and thencefor ward, for 3,900 yean or more, papyrus Was ths only paper. The prophet Isa iah speaks of this material when he says in chapter xix., “The paper reeds by the brooks and everything sown by the brooks shall wither, be driven away and be no more," a prophecy that has been literally fulfilled, for the papyrus plant, once abundant enough to lie the world’s only paper, is found no moio anywhere. The use of parchment began 200 years Is-fore Christ, and had ttnri origin : Ptolemy IIL, of Egypt, heard that a ri val King Was beginning the formation of a library to equal his, which consisted ot thousandsof volumes of books written on papyrus. To prevent the success of the rival, Ptolemy stopped the exporta tion of papyrus. The rival then had recourse to parchment, the prepared skins of animals, and thus parchment l uo,>p, l j F >h, tme. a* however, as the twelfth century, papyrus waa used, a Papal bull, dated 975, written on papyrus, lining, until 1871, in the Mu seum of ths Louvre, Paris. The books of ancient Rome were written on papy rus by slaves educated for this business. Europe learned the art of paper-mak ing from the Saracens, or Arabs, in the seventh century, and they probably h-arued it from the Chinese. The pro. CM* that the Saracens brought to Spam after their oonqnest in 704 had been in vogue in China over 1,000 years. The process waa simply beating to a pulp, in mortars, of vegetable fiber, and then drying it in sheets. The Chinese make pOl>er the same way to-day, as they are opposed to the use of labor-saving ma chinery. The only machine admittd. to the Flowery Kingdom is the Yanke, sewing machine. The use of paper for documents oegau about the tenth century. The use of rags for paper-making began in the eleventh esntury, prior to that cotton, flax, etc., being used. The earliest rec ord of the building of a mill for paper making is 1370, the mill being erected In Germany. The mill was, however, only tar reducing the fiber to pulp by stamps run by water power, and was in no way Like our modern mills. In 1588 a (h-nnan made such good pajier that Qnben Elizabeth knighted him and gave him ajmooopoly of gathering rags in the kingdom for tea years. The real value of paper-making liegan to be best appre ciated when the art of printing waa dis covered in the fifteenth century. Had printing been discovered earlier there would have been little nee for it, aa m-ithar the lark nor straw paper of the Chineae, the pappus of tl.- Egyptians, nor the parchment of the Greeks would have been sufficiently plentiful for the demands of the printing presj-. Ger many, using cotton, flax ami rags, and her water and wind power for their re duction to pnlp and filter, was readv for ttie printer and hia press, and thew made possible the Reformation. The rag engine, by which the raw ma terial ia reduced to pulp, i* a G*nunn invention less than 200 years old. A* late aa 1756, in this land of iugemou wortaman, mgs were reduced to pulp by > rs-- Columbia eMmliw* "tamps or in mortars, ki 1796, Louie Robert, ot France, invented the so-called Fourdrinser machine. He had ao Rule eucouragoment at borne that he took his invention to London, where he inter—t ed ths Fourdntiiar brothers, wealthy stationers, m hit work. In 1804 three Founlrinurs purchased the patents and experimented with them at a oust of $360,000. Their experiment* ended in the present Fourdrwier machine of our nulls—a machine that has made possible the enormous paper industry of the world, an mdu.Hr/ of which Phny wrote 1,800 years ago ; “All the usages of civ ilixed life depend in a remarkable de gree upon the employment of paper." The brothers Fourdnuier reaped no ad vantage from their invention. They spent their entire fortune and died in jioverty, th M eldest In 1855, aged 90 years. The first paper-mill in the United State.- was established mi Germantowu, Pa., in 1690. The first paper oom pan v in MiiaaadiUKetta waa granted a patent in 1728. Thu mill wua started in Mil ford in 1730. It was run with varied success for some years, and then ceased ojierations. In 1760 a Bostonian got a furlough for an English soldier'who un derstood paper making, and the mill was again started. In 1776 the Legislature passed resolutions for the ap]M>intment of suitable persons in each town to re ceive rugs, and the people of the State were urged to save their rags for pa]>er 1 making. In 1779 Zonas Crane, of Wor cester, journeyed to Dalton, and there began the business which hia sous sad grandsons are still engaged in in the same town; and his fellow-pioneer, David Oarson, has also descendants en gaged in the business and owning the original mill site. The luldress took up the art of paper making from this time to its present perfection, describing the proceas, the inventions, improvements, etc., and the mqairtance of ,mper making in an edu cational view. The different materials used, the many and vanotis paster prod ucts, from boats to collars and from car wheels to )>etticßats. Holyoke is now the great paper-manufacturing center of this State and of the United States, the mills of that city having a capacity of 150 tons per day. I'he taily production of paper m the United States is estimat ed at 2,000 tons, of which 150 are for writing purposes. About 4.000 tons of filter are used daily to produoß the pajier made.—Paper Trade Journal. » ' ■ j. .m tHSTORt or A Will S. Hays, a’ Louiavillo, Ky., has made a small fort tins by writing songs. Among his popular compositions are “Mollie Darling,” “ Norah O'Neal" and "Evangeline." But he got no money from the latter, though it gave him a start in his business. “Just before the war,” he says, “ I was with some young visitors up m Oldham county, Ky. Among them was a beautiful girl who resembled the ideal pictures of Longfel low’s ‘Evangeline 'so chaely that I called her by the name. We danced al an out door frolic one evening, and soon dis covered that four of ns oould sing to gether. We tried popular quartettes, and got along so well that we became enthusiastic. About 2 o’clock in the morning we started to walk home. The night was as bright as day, with the full moon hanging in the sky, and aa we widkedwe sang. We sat down in a nook jo rest, and ' Evangeline' liegan to sug gest other songs to sing. ‘ I’ll writs a song,' said I, ‘if you’ll promise to sing it before we go hotpe.' This was agreed to. 0»i the opposite side of the road waa a white plank fence. Where we were sitting a party of negroes had been roasting ears of corn, and the charred sticks lay all around. With them I wrote the first verse of the song on the top plank of the fence, and the notes for four voices on the four planks beneath. Then wo stood off and sang it The girls wore delighted, and insisted on hav. mg a chorus, so I wrote the chorus on the planka Well, we sang it over and ever, and went home singing it. Next morning * Evangeline ' came down stairs humming the air, and asked me to write it out and finish it I told her I couldn’t do it, bat she might go down and copy it oft th* fence. She took an umbrella and sheet of p*j*r, and soon came heck with words and music. Then she in sisted on having another verse, so I wrote another verse, on condition that I was to have a kiss for it, and she to have the music. ’’ Hays sent the composition to vanous music publishers, lint couldn t sell it, md it was at length male public #y th.- mice of Campbel), the negro mirstrel. Thre» hundred thonaanl <v.pi«-s have been sold, but th» kis» waa the only pay ths author h*s rscet - ed. Devoted the Interests of Columbia County and the State of Georgia. HARLEM, GEORGIA. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27. 1881 how arr»*A»er mx». Gena McPherson and Log**, whs had been to Gem. Bbarman's hsodguart ern (liefore Atlanta), rods up te ths rear of the Seventeenth corps and diaaaount ed in a clump of trees in front ot an open stretch, which had probably boon a field at one time. This was about 10 o'clock. Shortly after they had dis mounted picket finag began on the loft and apparently to the rear of ths main line. After listening to it for a tew sun a tea, McPherson said hs woald go oat in that directum and see what it msaut. Calling to Oapt Kilborn Knox, of hi* staff, to follow, he mounted “ Blackic," his favorite horse, and galloped down the lane or narrow road, running iu the rear of the Seventeenth corps, at an angle of 45 degrees from the main line, toward tlie point where ths firing was heard. Gen. Dodge, commanding the Sixteenth corps, hail been ordsred to the left, with instructions to form at right angles with Gen. Blau's line, but he hail not had time to get into position, oouss quently the firing oould not be on hts skirmish line, which Isd to the conclu sion that something unusual was going on. Hood’s tactics being well known to McPherson, hs was on the lookout lor dashes, henoe hie anxiety. It was not more than fifteen minutes after McPher son and Knox, accompanied by their or derlies, had dashed down the lane until "Blackie,’’ the General’s horse, came galloping back with a wound in the shoulder, from which the blood was pouring in a perfect stream. The cry was instantly raised that "the Genera! has beau shot ” Closely following the horse came CapL Knox and the two or derhea Knox dashed up and in an ex alted manner exclaimed, *' He ia dead. Get an ambulance quick." Geo. William K Strong, now of Chicago, and Oapt D. I. Buell, ordnance officer, started at onee with the beadquartors ambulance down the lane, followed i>y several of the mounted men, Buell rode ahead and skirmished with the rebel pickets, keeping them back until Gen. Strong got the body into the ambulance. They drove back with all speed to where Gen Logan and the other officers were. Dr. Hewitt hastily opened his coat and dis covered that the bullet had tie seed di rectly through his heart, killing him in stantly. The body was Ukeu at once to Gen. Hherman's headquarters, from where it was sent, in charge of Gen. McPherson’s personal staff, to Marietta, sbere it was embalmsd and sent with the same escort to ths home of his aged mother at Clyde, Ohio. Capt. Knox, who accompanied the General, aaid they had gone but a short distance down the lane when a ahot was fired from an ambush, taking effect in the shoulder of the General's horse. They reined np, bat had not time to turn until another was fired and the General fell heavily to the ground. Hs neither spoke nor moved a muscle After the fatal shot several skirmishers mads their appearance, one of whom rushed up and tbok off tbs General s waist belt As soon as he retired, a member of the Unica pioneer corps ran up and rifled the General’s pockets, tak ing a pocket-book containing about fTOfl. —l'UUburfh TtlCfrfg/L thk nrmok or DnxcKn. Scotch reels and country dances were the fashion in 1814 ; then came the quadrille in 1815, and then the wsltx, the pioneers whereof were Lord Pal merston, Mme. de Lieven and the Princess Eaterhaxy. “No event," wrote Raikes, “ ever produced so greet a sen sation in English society aa the intro duction of the German waltx." Upto that time the English country dance, Scotch steps, and an occasional High land reel formed the school of the danc- mg-m*«ter and the evening recreation of the British youth, aven in the first nr de*. But peace waa drawing near; foreigners were arriving, and ths for continental custom* sod manner* liecame the order of the day. The young Duke of Devonshire, the " Magno* Apollo”of tliedrawing-rooms tn London, waa st the head of the innovation*; sod, as the card-playing dowager*, with thru quadnlle, whist and macao, went oat, the young oontinentahxed world came m with its French quadnlle ami German waite. The war l>eing over, too, tboee young people drank champagne, to the gnat horror of the oid-f—htoned lover* old port, punch and propriety At a picnic party the xouth »bo reck i l—e|v hugged all the girl* »as jmt ■! >wn M * frre-aod-eqtseexy fellow. A PxLLAX»*4.ruL* >trug clerk blundered in compounding a do— for Lis own tak ; mg, and Lout hi* 14* thereby. roocrtrs r©* corn km. " Where’s Congreos ♦ Tm looking foe Congress," said a tail, one-eyed woman, peering through one of the doors of the House of Kepreeen tab res. “Is that feller with ths bold head Congreaet" " What do you want with Congress, any how ’ " demanded a deputy door keeper, grtully, *• Hold on ! you can't go in there." “I cmm Crum Backs eosaty. Psnn tylvama, to see Congress, and if you're got it on draught anywhere around here I want some. WhaCa the re—im I can’t go m there 7 ” " 'Cense yon can't. Nobody allowed here but members." " That red-headed man with a equint a member ? " “ No ; he's one of the members.' secre tanea Ke has a perfect right on the floor." “Is that lop-sided ehap sith swig one of the members ’ " “No ; he's a fnend of a member ; had a paae*’ " What's that bare-legged boy tailing over a chair ? H— he got any friendsf " He's one of the pagea " *' Who ia that red-nosed artist with a sere ear ? Did he have a pass ♦ ” “ That's a measenger, Ha doeaa't need a pass." *' What's that fellow with bis ieg* on a desk. Is be one ot the bosaea ? " ** He is one of the elerka." “Do any of them fellows pay any taxes 7" “I think not; don't know,” said the doorkeeper, indifferently. " Now, young fellow, you want Co hunt for room to stand in while I bort in this door. Don't fool with me, or your friends will think you've bee* do tug business with a stram gnndstoaa I pay taxes on three acres and eight pigs in Bucks county, and Pat gulag through this 'are Cougre— like a coutributioa box through a eougrogstion. You ]*at rrvwl mH of eight if yo« don't want your spine to change places with the naxt township." “Bend for your member, and ho will pa— you in. ” “ Where's the Congress from BueUs county ? Mh*w me the Backs county Congress 1 and if hs don't get a bill through this town to send that haro lipped old sky-rocket who wants to fore close a mortgage on my place to tbs pen itentiary he’ll wish he’d been tioru a tree and cut down and burned when be was young. Petal out the Congre— from Bucks county before I have you inside out, to see bow you're put togeth er. Tell me I can't go ia among a 10l W clerks, paosee and pages I If there's s square foot of Oengre— loft by the time I reach it, it’ll wish it w— covered with hair that com— out without hartlag I " They induced bar to leave by telltag her that the “ Oeagre— trow Bucks oeonty ” bald its —i as ia the Patent Offkw, and she departed, threatening to get the bill diapooing ct her mortgage through before aha left town, or make the Bucks county macaber thiak a bar rel of “ cider had busted under him just as a shot tower fall a* top of him." KitaxcrxK mm. The Boston Trcuurripl giv— three columns of " rejected poems ' with this introduction: “ Nothing gives an editor more geno me pain than to reject poetry, and yet the Luniks ot the ordinary newspaper are snch that a greet deal gowi into the w—te-baaket which, if pnatod, would famish unaltoyed deiigbl to entiesl sad rrtr-pstbeue reedare Enough rhythmic sweetna— is annually wasted i* tbs office of a literary newspaper to perfume the desert of Bshara An idea eeams to have got about that editors tn genera, do not hho poetry It b a miataho; they do. Ncdhing ebeers the editorial heart so much to get five or six poems every morning about the seaaosa, empty chairs, little grav—, • Bbe is Gone, torn hearts, and such. Kron if bo cannot use them, they pat him m an agreeable state at mind, and help tone him up for bm day's work; and, then, aa editor h— nothing to do but to put hie beoie up a* the deak and read poetry all day. The truth is, eo far they themselves are con cerned, editors don’t get half enough poetry They would willingly crowd out advertisements to put it in if pub lishers would allow, but the sordid aptnt of gam brads them off. Every poem that goes lato the w—to-basket represents a jMng on the part at the edace.” Tax Turkish wo—a* to marwtgs sb* at the age Os 9 years. a*d, by Turkish law, at that age. if married, she is eom pHeei to maaa«« h*-r property, aad <las txwe of uue-third of bar tortusß ALKKKKr rrDriKKZKK MACKKKXL. Journalism, photography, telegraphy and th* electric arts—everything, in foot, has made the moot wonderful progress during the p—t fifteen or twenty years, but education or th* study of science is about tbs same old succotash that it al ways was. Il baa boon many year* since we loft the dear old school-room, and our teach ers who were so kind, and wo are posi tive that st thst time we knew where the Moon mountains wore, the Hunalay—, the Philippine islands and the Dneiper nver; but w* can place our hand upon onr heart to-day and —y truthfully that we do not know where one of them are, and we don't believe we have heard one of them mentioned in the I—t fifteen years. Still it must be rememtiered that we are in the newspaper busineu. If wo were dealing in groceries it would probably be different, and w* should uao the Moan mountains every day iu onr buainevs. Customers would expect it, end while they would appear to be look ing at the clieeoe to see if there wore any skippers, before buying a wedge of it, they would iu reality bo making up their mind* wbother we knew where Uie Philippine island* were, and the genera) course of the Dneiper. One ot the moot succe—ful grocers, a man who ba* accumulated a handaowo .fortune from a very small beginning, told us only the other day that he owed all bis aucceea to the use of algebra and a few theorems in geometry when pick ing a mackerel out of the kit with a hook and slapping it against the side of the barrel to get the bnne off, and buying just olooe ho could for o—h. Where Would that man lie to-day if he had only learned to add and multiply fractious, and had stopped there, and had Ixnighl hie goods on time with 10 per cent, added. Teachers have a great duty to perform, because, to a greater or lore ex tent, they are respouaible for the chil dren ttiider their charge. No teacher who is worthy of the name, and oouq>e tent to undeiMaad the great trust that Liaa been oonyaitted to him or her, would ’ think of turning a abild out to beUiu with the world and make its own way m Life, unless he could, upon the instant, *aa— every rivulet frem Kamtachatka to tmk ajirirriKD »or. It is iiappme— to be in conteuted a frame of mind was the boy of thia anecdote ; A small boy w— hoeing in a sterile field by the roadside, whan a passer-by stopped and aaid : “’Peers to mo your corn is rather ■mall." “Certainly,” aaul the boy. “It’« dtearf oorn.” “But it looks yaher.” i “ Certainly. Wo planted the yaller kiad.” “ But it looks if you wouldn't get more than half a crop." “Os course not," said the boy. "We planted her on share*. ” Txm year* ago s bl—t furnace which would make 400 to— of metal per week on 600 too* of fuel w— considered s big thing. We have blast furnace* in Pitts burgh which produce 1,500 tons of met al per week on lee* thaa 1,500 tons of fuel. The old method of beating per mittod the flame to po— out of the fur nace stack at s temperature of 3,000 <jf • greeo Fahrenheit We are now using the regenerating stoves in Pittsburgh, and do not let the ga*e« out until we have utilixad all th* beat except 800 greea BAW MILLS. GRIST MlliLS, CANH Plantation and Mill Machinery. Eogin— and Hollers, Oilton Bsrees, Mb*ftlag i'uiley*. Hangers, Journal B ix-w, Mill Gearinc, Gudeon<, Turbin’* Water Wb— la, G r Glaring, Juil*-n'l G ive-nois, Diseton’e C rculsr H»w«, Gammers and FH-, Baling Btbbtn M»t«l, Br*« F.ttings, Globe sodCneck Vaiv—, Whittle Gingers, sx. Leo sod Kr*«> (.‘asiisg*, Gm Rlbe, Jroi Fronts, Bslconi— and Fan— kalllag. OEO. 11. bOMHARI) A ©O., FORE'troifY FOUNDRY AND MACHINE WOKJCH, 1014 to 1026 FEVWICK HfREEf, AUGUSTA, G 4. ( MF* Near the W.ier T< w<r J aM*Repairing promptly dene at low—l prie—. Boner repairs of all kind* dine promp'lf. dsr2i*ly OPERA HOUSE GARDEN BEN NEISZ, PROPRIETOR. (HOICK WINKS, LIQIWS AND fICARS. PHILADELPHIA CINCINNATI BUR. PR-iAD AND EU.I6 iTREETS AUGUffTA, «A' t te«llly ’—srtswii sr NUMBER 41 puiAtArrTKixs. Foixow the example of tree*—keep some thing* in the shade. Mamt of the rich—t planters ot Han Domingo live on coffee ground*. Nxvbb write the word “ finia " back word. It will be a " *in if " you d«. A no was never known to w*ah, but a greet many people have seen the pig iron. , A DBT-ooona bouse advert—ea lawn drees— that will wash. Isn't It the boei ne— of a laundress to wsshY Tii* hog may not be thoroughly post ed in arithmetic, but when yon come to a square root he ia there—the hog is. " W«at mak— the hair fail out!" oaks a correspondent Usually it ia the prop arty of the deceased that makes the heir* fall out A hivxb's mouth ia larger than its head, the sea has arms but no hands, and a mountain baa a foot but no legs. Queer, isn’t its Rxv. Gaonaa H Hxrwowni ha« writ ten a romance entitled "III" It ia in fH, and the interest ia *tling and unled. —Lowtll fbwier. A ooaa—i-oNDaNT writ— : " Will you tell us what Mrs. Langtry's maiden name w— 7” Certainly ; her maiden aim was to marry Mr. Langtry. Mamt a newspaper ba* been asaaaain sled in tlie same way— the late Hnltan Alxlul Axis, by m—us of scissors.— New York Oofiirnercial Arittrlieer. A trrridi 8-year-old said to her mother one day, “ Mamma, you married papa s<> thst no on* else could get bun, didn't you 7” Her ideas of human nature were quite Barneat, “ What is the great—t charge on rec ord?" asked the Professor of History. And the absent-minded student an swered: “Seventeen dollar* lor hack hire tor —ls and girl tor two hour*." Ah Arkansas journal —ys that they have in that Htate a spring so powerfully impregnated with iron that the farmers’ bora— which drink at it never hare to bo shod, the shoe growing on their feet naturally. Oauoht in tlie act: Clara—“O Chat ley, you naughty boy I I—w you throw your cigar away just I came round Hie corner,” Charley—" Why didn't yon say yon wanted it f How was Ito know?" Txat genial old proverb manufacturer who wrotq, "All work and no play mak— Jack a dull boy,” forgot to add that all play and no work mak— Jack a professional sport at 20 year* age, and land* him in the penitentiary at 30. “ Hxmbt," aaid his wife, with chilling severity, "I saw you coming out of a saloon this afternoon.” "Well, my darling," replied the heartle— man, “you wouldn't have your husband stay ing in a —loon all day, would yon 7" I'HTsioiANS have decided that a maq hsiliug from a small town in Kansas hu two hearts. What a predicament be will be in when hi* girl asks him, "Do yon love me with all your heart 7” He will have to say, " Which heart?” and that may break the engagement.— Philadel phia Sun. Mast 0 is a very popular Utile <ixl, and is invited to all of the chil dren'* birthday parU—, where ah* never forget* to wi«h, “ Many happy returns of the day." Recently eh* overheard her father telling her mother that Mrv J , the mother of —ven children, had just bad a birthday phrty, the said • party” being nine pound*, vary live weight. Mary at on— eeked her hor rified mamma : " Shall I trot over and wish her many happy return* of th* day 7 "