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Till: ATLANTA WEEKLY EXAMINER.
T7CT TIS TH tc T CIRCTJIj ATIOM OF* THE ESC COFIEfeS-
JOHX H. STEELE >
CHAS. L. BARBOUR. |
VOLUME 11.
THE WEEKLY EXAMINER
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THURSDAY, JANUARY 17, 1856.
All Bight in Gwinnett.
The Democracy of Gwinnett have elected
their county ticket by a handsome majority
■over a well organized and active opposition
With such leaders as head the Democratic ranks
in Gwinnett, little need be feared from the ene
my, whether he fights in open day, or taka the
midnight trail.
Mr. Collins the Comedian and Vocalist.
Our Atlanta readers will remember with
pleasure the rich treat afforded them last sum
mer by a cancert given by this gentleman at
Hayden's Hall and will be glad to learn that
he has been playing an engagenient of some
two weeks in Savannah with the mast flattering
Mocess. We clip the following from a West
ern exchange.
“Confessedly, Mr. Collins has no rival on
the stage, as the representative of an Irish
gentleman, or the wild, dashing, “faugh a bal
lah” boy, with expedients enough for raising
the wind, in his rich wit and fancy, to set up
in business half a score of Chancellors of the
Exchequer. As a vocalist, Mr. Collins takes
uA&h position, which is backed by no false
auteveoent. He commenced his stage career
we think, as an operatic singer; he was the ori
ginal Paul Cliflbrd, in that opera, and prince
in the Bronze Horse, wc knaw. and in the for
mer created a furore, a Paul Clifford mania in
London. His voice still retains the rich mel
lowness, for which in olden times he was so
justly celebrated.”
Give ua a call, Collins, before you leave the
State. We haven’t “beard of the Widow Ma
lone” since we saw you; and scores of old friends
often enquirer after the "Bonld Soger Boy.”
The City Bank of Augusta has declar
ed' a dividend of five per cent. _
Eclipses During 1856.—There wilt be two
eclipses of the Sun, and two of the Moon, this
year. A total eclipse of the Sun will take
place on the &th of April, and ap annular
eclipse on the 28th of September, both invisi
ble here. There will he a partial eclipse of the
Moon on the 20th of April. which will be visi
b ble early in the morning, and., a similar eclipse
on the 13th of October, also visible in the ev<*i-
W- -
KTn STKAKRRSHir.—Some of the members
orthe House who have been voting for Hr.
•tanKK arc not backward in expressing the
pinion Shat he cannot be elected, and are
anxious to\plt on some other candidate. Mr.
Boyce, of Sohto Carolinfcwhom.Perccy Walk
er wished to delVre uniting on him
the conservative cHqieutA balongs to the Cal
houn Southern wing\nd considers a dissolution
of the Union iuevitabhx.regarding it as a mere
question of time. X
Washington, Jan. 4.— Col\raxton Bragg,
of the 3d U. 8. Artillery,
THE CHEAPEST POLITICAL AND NEWS PAPER IN THE SOUTH—A WEEKLY FIRESIDE COMPANION FOR ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, IN ADVANCE.
Letter of the Hon. D. R. Atchison, of
Missouri, on the Affairs of Kansas.
We embrace the earliest opportunity of pre
senting to the people of Georgia and the South,
a letter from the Hon. D. R. Atchison, on the
subject of the affairs of Kansas, addressed to
the Senior Editor of this paper. It is a letter
we feel satisfied, will be read with intense in
terest by every citizen of our State. The dis
' tinguished gentleman who has penned it, and
: by whose permission it is published, has occu
pied for & a quarter of a century at least, an emi’
uently high position among the statesmen of
the Union; and, in the Senate of the United
States, over which he presided with g 0 much
satisfaction to that body, at a very recent pe
riod, he fairly earned a reputation of which
few can boast, as an able and influential Sena
tor, and an ardent advocate of Southern Rights.
Upon the statement of such a man, every
Georgian can rely. To his appeal, every Geor
gian should respond. He speaks of Kansas to
the South, for the sake not only of those who
are fighting its battles there, but for Missouri
our sister, whose doom is certain in the event
that Kansas is abOlitionized. Distant as Geor
gia is from the scene of events referred to in
this letter, in despite of rail roads and tele
graphs, and of official information from Wash
ington, our people up to this time required in
formation upon which they could with confi
dence rely upon all that referred to the disturb
ances in Kansas. Newspaper reports were often
vague, and what is worse, contradictory. The
paid reporters of Northern “ Emigration Aid
Societies,” and the paid slaves of the abolition
ists, through the free-soil and abolition presses
of the anti-slavery States, have so perverted
the truth, misrepresented facts, and deceived
the public mind, North and South, that our
indignation here has been smothered when the
wrongs perpetrated upon our brethren in Kan
sas have reached us, accompanied, as they al
ways have been, by a flat denial of the facts.—
But the communication which we this day lay
before the publicnputs a quietus to all further
imposition upoh the South. The political his
tory of Kansas, sinep its settlement by white
men, though brief, is clear. The design and
strategy of the enemy of the South, the unprin
cipled abolitionists, are placed before us, so
that no one can longer be deceived as to the
extent of our danger; while the struggle through
which the pro-slavery men have passed, and the
gallant bearing of the Missourians, contemptu
ously termed by fanatics from the North, as
border “Ruffians,” will excite the sympathies
of every true hearted Georgian in their behalf.
Accompanying the letter which wo publish,
we received another from ttm samc gentleman,
from which we make a few extracts. He
says
* * * * We are in a constant state of ex
citement "here (Platte City). The border
“Ruffians” have access to my room day and
night. The very air is full of rumors. We
wish to keep ourselves right before the world,
and we are provoked and aggravated beyond
sufferance. Our persons and property are not
for a moment safe; and yet we are forbid by
the respect we owe our friends elsewhere; by
respect for the cause in which we are engaged ;
to forbear. This state of things cannot last.—
Yon are authorized to publish the whole or
a part of what I have written; but if Georgia
intends to do anything, or can do anything for
us, let it be done speedily! Let your young
men come forthwith to Missouri and Kansas!
Let them come well armed, with money enough
to support them for twelve months, and deter
mined to see this thing out! One hundred
true men will +»e an acquisition. The more,
the bettesf. Ido not see how we are to avoid
civil war. Come it will. Twelve months will
not elapse before war, civil war, of the fiercest
kind, will be upon us. We are arming and pre
paring for it. Indeed we of the border counties
are prepared. We must have the support of the
South. We are fighting the battles of the
South. Our institutions are at stake. You
far Southern men are now out of the naive of
the war, but if we fail, it will reach your own
doors, perhaps your hearths. We want men
armed men. We want money, not for ourselvcg
but to support our friends who come from a
distance. I have now in this house two gallant
young men, from Charleston, South Carolina.
They are citizens of Kansas, and will remain
so until her destiny is fixed.
Let your young men come on in squads as
fast as they can be raised, well armed. We
want none but true men.
Yours truly,
D. r. atchinson.
P. S. I would not be astonished if this day
laid the ground-work for a guerrilla war in
Kansas. I have heard rumors of strife and
battle at Leavenworth, seven miles from this
place, but the ice is running ia the Missouri
river, and I have nothing definite. I was a
peace maker in the difficulty lately settled by
Gov. Shannon. I councilled the -Ruffians,'
to forbearaace, but I will never again counci]
P« w D. R. A.
Who can resist such aa appeal ? What citi
zen, or State in the South, can turn a deaf ear
to it, and withhold that material aid which our
brethren iu Missouri and Kansas so much need J
Where are our young and adventurous men ?
Where are the old men with their slaves and
their wealth? Surely, if in the past, we have
been indifferent and laggard, the time has ar
rived when the South should awake to its peril,
tmd when Georgians should maintain tha repu
tation for patriotism and fidelity to Southern
Institutions bequeathed to them by their lathers.
The -Empire State of the South" in all that is
enterprising, must also be foremost in repelling
of the enemies of the South ;
and when she fails at the call of a sister State
to extend a helping hand in a time of peril, such
as now threatens Missouri we trust that the
proud appellation she bears, wtft be heard of
no more.
Our Legislature will convene again on Mon
day next We have every confidence It will
respond to the recommendation of Governor
ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 17, 1856.
Johnson. We trust it will do more. In the
mean time, we hope that there will be an up
risingof the people, in every county and town
in the State; and that while our young men
will in hundreds respond to the call of Missouri
and Kansas, the old and the wealthy will give
that aid, which, if withheld, will keep from the
place of strife many a dauntless spirit, brave
heart, and strong arm.
Affairs of Kansas!
An Important Letter from the
HON. D. R. ATCHISON.
riATTF CITY, Missouri, 1
December 15,1855. j
J. H. Steele, Esq,.
Dear Sir:
I have read, with intense interest, so much of
GOVERNOR JOHNSON’S Message to the
Georgia Legislature,'as refers to our “Federa]
Relations.” The question of Slavery is the on
ly one of vital importance at this time. Men
who have the least interest in it are endeavor
ing to regulate and control the whole subject. —
Massachusetts, a State as far removed from the
Institution of Slavery and slave-holders as any
other in the Union, leads the van in the crusade;
a State that has advanced as little money, and
certainly shed less blood for the acquisition of
Territory, cither slave or free, than any other,
"leads in this war" against our Institutions. I
have no disposition now to go farther into this
matter, but my object is to interchange opin.
ions with you, and to give a very brief history
of parties in Kansas up to this time. I must,
however, be permitted to say, that, in my opin’
ion, the recommendations of your Governor are
wise, and, if acted on by the Legislature, will
have a tendency, at least for a time, to check
aggression on the part of the North. It will
furnish some evidence that one Southern State
is resolved to concede no farther. The Gover-
nor recommends, first, that the Legislature shall
provide for the call of a Convention, upon the
happening of a certain contingency. What is
that contingency ? If the Federal Government
shall refuse Kansas or any other Territory pre
senting itself for admission into the Union as a
State because said Territory presents a Consti
tution, similar, if not identical, with that of
Georgia, that then in Convention, will
take steps to protect herself and her Institutions;
—in a word, cut her connection with the Union.
If, however, Georgia shows a determination, a
fixed purpose, to carry out the recommendations
of the Governor, the contingencies will not
arise.
I expect to be a citizen of Kansas, and if
Kansas presents herself legitimately, having all
the qualifications for a State, and is rejected
because her Constitution recognizes and protects
Slavery, then as a citizen of Kansas, I will con
tend that Kansas is a State, sovereign and inde
pendent, out of the Union.
When Kansas was opened up for settlement,
by white men, people from all the States rushed
into, and settled in it, each carrying with him
his wife and children, his goods and chattels,
and his peculiar opinions on all subjects. I
think I can safely say that a large majority of
the people above described, were from slav
States, and particularly, from Missouri. There
was another class of emigrants to Kansas, and
a very large class too, men sent at the expense
and under the auspices of certain “Emigran
aid Societies,” for the express and avowed
purpose of seizing upon the Territory, and by
their votes to exclude Slavery and Slave-hold
ers. Many of them were rash enough to avow
their purpose, in the event of failure at the bal
lot box, to drive them by force of arms inde.
the Territory 1 The first trial of strength be.
tween the abolitionists and Pro-Slavery men,
came off in November 1854. It resulted in
the election of Gen. Whitfield, the Pro-Slavery
candidate, by an overwhelming majority. In
March last, an election was held for members
of the Territorial Legislature, with the same
result. The Legislature met and adjoarned
after enacting a code of laws for the govern,
ment of the Territory. The Kansas code will
compare well with the beet codes of any of the
States. The abolitionists repudiate the Legis
lature, and declare it to be their intention to
resist the execution of the laws. On the other
hand, Governor Shannon declares it to be his
purpose to execute the laws. In this be will
be sustained by a very large portion of the cit
zens of Kansas. In the month of October last,
an election was again held for a delegate to
Congress—the time and manner of conducting
the election being fixed and regulated by law,
Whitfield was re-elected almost without oppo
sition. The abolitionists, with ex-Governor
Reeder at their head, agreed upon a subsequent
day for an election, which was held, and Reeder
received all the votes given. This election
was held without law, and in defiance of all
law. The whole proceedings was treated by
the people of Kansas with the contempt it de
served. The abolitionists, without consulting
the people of Kansas, have also held a conven
tion to from a Constitution for a State govern
ment, and did form such a Constitution, and
will present it to Congrese ut the next session,
and ask admission into the Union as a State.
This is a brief history of parties and politics in
Kansas. I have not leisure to go into details
now, but it would interest you to know and
understand the tactics, maneuvers, and strate
gy of the respective parties in Kansas.
Kansas and Missouri have the same latitude,
climate, and soil, and should have the same in
stitutions. The peace and prosperity of both
depend on it Kansas must have slave institu
tions, or Missouri must have free institutions—
hence tlie interest the border “ Ruffians' take
in Kansas affairs. A large number of the cit
izens of Kansas have gone there, or rather have
been sent there, for the express purpose of abc
litionizing it, and ultimately Missouri. This
has not heretofore been the case with the Terri
tories of the United States. lowa has aboli
tionists within her borders; so has Dlinois ; un
principled abolitionists and negro thieves; yet
they are few in number. The great mass of
the people in those States are honest and law
abiding men.—Not so with the class of set
tlers above described in Kansas. Hundreds of
them have come, or rather were sent from the
North and East, for no other purpose but to
vote at the elections, and return home. This
was understood by the border Missourians, and
they resolved to counteract it, and it was done-
The border “ Ruffians,” I assert and believe,
have shown a mere amiable, Christian, and for
bearing spirit, than any other body of men
would have shown under similar circumstances.
Battalions of men came on from the North,
with 'the open and avowed purpose of excluding
slave-holders from Kansas. Not only that, but
pamphlets were written, newspapers argued
and preachers preaehed that to abolitionize
Kansas was to drive slavery from Missouri.—
In this they were right. To do the one, is to
do the other. Under these circumstances, what
does it become us to do ? What we have done,
has been done in self-defence. What we shall
hereafter do, time alone will show. We are
preparing for the worst.
If the settlement of Kansas bad been left to
he laws which govern emigration, it would
have been a slave territory, as certainly as Mis.
souri is a slave State. But inasmuch as those
laws have been violated and perverted by the
force of money, and a powerful organization in
the North and East, it becomes the South “to
be up and doing,” and to send in a population
to counteract the North. This can be done
with a little exertion. Thus far a few coun
ties in Western Missouri have successfully en
countered and defeated this powerful organiza
tion. Let Georgia set the example! What
is to be done should be done quickly. This
course on the part of the South, will save Kan
sas to the South : save bloodshed, civil war,
and, perhaps, a dissolution of the Union itself.
Your obedient servant,
D. R. ATCHISON.
Democratic Meeting in Fulton.
In pursuance of previous notice, a respecta
table portion of the Democracy of Fulton coun
ty assembled at the City Hall, in Atlanta, for
the purpose of appointing delegates to the Dem
ocratic State Convention to be held in Milledge
ville on the 15th inst.
On motion, B. F. Bomar was called to the
Chair, and T. N. Cox appointed Secretary.
The business of the meeting having been
stated, on motion, a committee of three was
appointed by the Chair, to report the names
of suitable delegates to the State Convention
and other business for the consideration of the
meeting,
The committee appointed were W. B. Rug
gles, David Mayer, and W. C. Moore, who,
h g retired for consultation, returned and
reported the names of the following gentlemen
for delegates : Cal. L. J. Gartrell, T. C. How
ard, R. J. Cowart, John H. Steele and W. T. i
Beall, which report was unanimously adopted
by the meeting.
The following resolutions were offered by
the committe, and unanimously adopted :
Resolved, That the principles of the Democ
racy throughout the country are so well known
that we deem it unnecessary to reiterate them
in this meeting. We content ourselves with
the expression of our full and entire approbation
of the resolutions adopted by the party in the
Convention held in Milledgeville in June and
November last.
Resolved, That the sound, eonversative and
patriotic’viewsexpressed by.the President of the
United Sates in his last Message to Congress
give renewed assurances of the most satisfactory
character to the whole people of the South
that in the hands of Franklin Pierce every
right of the Southern States is respected.
Resolved, That in the present Governor of
Georgia the Democracy have a worthy safe and
able champion, and the whole State a true and
faithful Chief Magistrate.
Resolved, That we fully approve the course
pursued by the Democratic representatives in
Congrezs in reference to the election of Speaker
and we hope they will stand to their position
forever, rather than be driven from it by any
device of Know Nothingism, Free-Soilism,
Abolitionism or Black Republicanism.
Resolved, that the proceedings of this meeting
be published in the Intelligencer and Ezumt'n
er of this city.
On motion the meeting adjourned.
B. F. BOMAR, Chairman.
T. N. Cox, Secretary.
Arrest of Fugitive Slaves in Fred
erick County.
The Frederick Examiner has tie following
item:
Six slaves, four men and two women, fugi
tives from Virginia, having with them two
spring wagons and four horses, came to Hoodjs
mill, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, near
the dividing line between Frederick and Car
roll counties, on Christmas day. After feeding
their animals, one of them told a Mr. Dixon,
whence they came ; believing them to be fugi
tives, he spread the alarm and some eight or
ten persons gathered around to arrest them;
but the negroes, drawing revolvers and bowie
knives, kept their assailants at bay, until five
of the party succeeded in escaping in one of
the wagons, and as the last one jumped on a
horse to flee, he was fired at, the load taking
effect in the small of the back. The prisoner
says he belongs to Charles W. Simpson. Esq..
of Fauquier county. Va., and ran away with
the others on the proceeding evening.
A Max Mirdered. —This evening, al>out
half past three o'clock, a man by the name of
James Brady was struck, it is supposed by a
barkeeper, at the bar opposite the post office,
and lived but a few minutes.
Brady was a painter by trade, from New
York, where he has a family. The deceased
had been drinking, although we could obtain
but little information about the aflair— Aug.
Can.
Abolition Allies.—lt is alleged, during the
late difficulties iu Kansas, a large number of
Shawnee and Delaware Indians expressed their
willingness to join in the fight under the ban
ner of the Free Statesmen. The Lawrence
correspondent of the New York Times, writing
under data of December 2d. says their hod
men and braves had arrived in that town, “with
the blood of war yet numinf io their veins."
Curious Property of Water Dives
ted of Air.
In a lecture recently delivered before the Roy
al Cornwall Polytechnic Society by Robert
Hunt, F. R. S., attention was directed to some
remarkable points in connection with the action
of heat on water that contained no air, stating
that, arising from this circumstance, as well as
from the spherical condition of the steam gener
ated, we have two very active and predisposing
causes of boiler explosions. Water we know
in three conditions —as a fluid, as steam, and as
ice—or as solid, liquid, and aeriform. Water is
frozen by the loss of heat necessary to maintain
its fluid stats; ice formed during agitation con
tains no air bubbles ; but under ordinary cir
cumstances (os Wenham Lake ice) the upper
portion is filled with air bubbles in straight
lines, as if, in endeavoring to make their escape
they became entangled ameng the crystals. It
is a remarkable fact, that water in the process
of congelation has the power of rejecting every
thing; consequently, all the air the .water con
tains is expressed.” If we get water that con
tains no air, and prevent the access of air to it,
it will not boil at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. In
this state we see the temperature increasing to
230,240, or 250 degrees, and advancing between
270 and 280 degrees. About these points the
whole mass will explode with the violence of
gunpowder. This condition of water is not un.
frequently found formed in steam boilers, and
that during the process of ebullition, the steam
currier off with it the air, the water in the boil
er containing very little remnant of air itself.
It often happens that a steam-boiler explosion
occurs after a rest of the engine, and when
the men return, the feed-water being applied
to the water, explosion takes place. Professor
Donne has found that if we take water of this
peculiar character, bringing it up to 230 de
grees, and place a single drop of ordinary wa
ter into.it, the whole will boil with extreme vio
lence. Supposing that ordinary water contains
ne air, and the feed-water is turned on, the en
tire qnantity will then burst into explosive
ebullition. We shall probably find, therefore,
in connection with boiler explosions, that to the
absence of air may be attributed many bailer
explosions so frequently happening, which oth
erwise cannot possibly be accounted for. It
may be further stated, that if we take a glass of
water and add any poison—say corrosive subli
mate, or a strong acid, or even an ardent spirit
—and then freeze the water agitated during the
process, we shall find the ice gets tasteless, col
orless, and inert, and that the poison, the acid,
or the spirit, will be gathered into an intense
drop in the centre of the ice, and all the body
will be perfectly pure. To a knowledge of this
fact may be attributed the practice of the Rus
sian nobles, who, when they desired to have
more ardent and intoxicating drink than usual,
plunged their bottles of wine or spirits into
their frozen rivers, until the contents became
solidified, and then drank the ardent drop which
remained within the centre of the glass.— Scien.
American.
The Great Seal of the United
States.
At a late annual meeting of the New York
Historical Society, held on the 2d inst., Mr.
Benj. J. Lossing read a very interesting paper
on the “Great Seal of U. S.” The reader pre
faced his remarks by an interesting account of
the history of seals and armorial bearing in
Europe and in Great Britain down to the pres
ent time.
Prior to the Revolution, the seals of the
Colonies were supplied by the mother country.
In the Summer of 1776. the Continential Con
gress appointed Dr. Franklin, John Adams
and Thomas Jefferson to prepare a design for
a seal of tho United States of America. The
views of the three upon the subject were con
tained in a letter written by John Adams to
his wife. The subject was more extensively
treated of by Mr. Jefferson in a letter and a
drawing, in which he adapted some of Dr.
Franklin's views, of the escutcheon proposed
by Jefferson, was shown to the society. Their
plans were sever adopted—more important
business probably being before the Congress
to prevent action upon the subject. The mat
ter was again taken up in 1780, when it was
refered to another commitee, which made two
reports. In 1782 the subject was referred to
Charles Thompson, the Secretary of Congress
who called to his assistance a Mr. Barton, who
on the 20th of June, 1782, submited a device
which was adopted and has been used ever
since. Mr. Lossing said that it was doubtful
whether the idea of the device submitted by
Barton was original with him, as a letter writ
ten by Thomas Barrett, an eminent antiquarian
of Manchester, England, in 1818, states that
Sir John Prestewitch informed him that he
had originally suggested the device to an Amer
ican Minister in England. The Minister was
John Adams, who was then there and who
was a member of the commitee origiaally ap
pointed by the Express on the subject.
A motion of thanks was voted to Mr. Los
sing for his interesting paper, and a copy of
the same was requested for publication.
Another National Insult.
Capt. Atkins of ship Liberty, at this port
from New Orleans, reports, Dee. 20—Calm,
with fresh breeze from E. N. E., with fine
weather, at 3 P. M., saw a brig bearing about
cast of us, running before the wind under two
top sails; 3.30 P. M., tacking to the north.
Ship Westmorelaed tacked about the same
time, about two miles to windward of us. The
brig before mentioned hoisted the Spanish flag
and hauled to under the ship to the windward.
I set my ensign and kept it flying about ten
minutes and then hauled it down. The ship
to windward outsailing the'brig, she again kept
before the wind and ran down on my weather
quarter, hut my ship outsailing him he kept off
and gave us a gun. I then backed my mizzen
topsail and again set my flag. He made sail
after me, by which time he was in my wake.—
He kept after us about half an hour and get
ting to leeward hailed us and told us we could
go on-; hauled down his flag and kept before
the wind. I had my ensign flying al! the time
he was after ns. XVhen he told ns we might
go, I asked him why he had insulted the Amer
ican flag, but received no answer.
The brig was pierced for guns and had two
quarter boats, both painted white.
Loss op an Elephant.—The steamship Rob
ert Swan, which arrived yesterday from Balti
more, experienced heavy gales on the passage
and was compelled to put into Norfolk to refit.
She left Norfolk on Friday, and again en
countered a gale which continued up to Satur
day evening. She had on board four or five
elephants belonging to the Menagerie of Rob
inson A Eldred, which were very greatly
distressed by the rough weather, and the roll
ing of the ship; and one of them, a celebrated
animal, known as Montezuma, on Saturday
became very violent and ungovernable, and
about midnight fell overboaJd when thirty
miles from land,and was lost. He was valaed
at $4,000, and we believe, was insured.-C'/rarZej
ton Mercury.
~W est Point and LaFayette.—The citizens
of LaFayette, Ala., have recently been making
a demonstration in favor of the extension of the
Atlanta & LaGrange Railroad to their town,
with a view probably, to its future extension to
Talladega or the Tennessee river. They sub
| scribed the amount required by their charter,
850,000. and elected a strong and energetic
Board of Directors.
Kansas Affairs--Conclusion of the
War.—All over for the Present.
Platte City, Mo., Dec. 15,1855.
My Dear Courier, —The war is over, a
i bloodless victory has been gained, and law and
i order once more reign triumphant in Kansas.
; The crisis which threatened to terminate so se
i riously has been averted, and for a season at
• least we may expect peace and quiet. It may
; not be uninteresting to you to hear the details
r of the way in which this was effected, and I
i shall endeavor to give them to you correctly.
i In obedience to the call of Gov. Shannon,
i 1,300 men took the field. Os these not more
- than one-fourth were from the Territory, its
- sparse population not furnishing, in addition to
r the rebels, a larger force without leaving the
t country unprotected. The rest were the famous
3 ‘ Border Ruffians,” the hardy, gallant frontiers
t men of Missouri. This horde of barbarians, as
3 the Abolition press represents them to be, are
- the respectable, substantial farmers of the coun-
- try and their sons—all men of property and
- standing, under leaders as well informed and
, able as any in the Union—peaceful, law-abiding
i citizens where the law is able to protect them
> in their rights—men spirited enough to pro
i tect themselves, when it is not. They came in
5 little squads armed and mounted at their own
f expense, and nearly all brought even their own
. provisions. One mounted party rode 125 miles
1 in two days for fear of being too late. There
i was also a small company of 20 Wyaadotte
- Indians who volunteered. Two camps were
formed, one at Lecompton, about eight miles
i above Lawrence, of 400 men. with two six
i pounders, under Major General Richardson:
I the other on Wakarusa Creek, the same dls-
• tance below, 900 men, with four guns of the
; same-calibre, under Brigadier General Strick
■ ler. All the troops were enlisted in the service
• of the Territory and under the command of the
• field-officers appointed by the Legislature. The
i company officers were chosen by the volunteers
from their own number. Strict discipline was
i enforced, guard regularly kept, and scouting
, parties sent out. All travellers suspected of
i being in communication with the town were
• arrested and brought in. If, upon examination,
the suspicions appeared well-founded, they were
detained. In this way some important captures
were made. One Samuel Clarke Pomeroy, the
landlord of the hotel in Kansas City, and an
agent of the Emigrant Aid Society, was taken
by the pickets on Wednesday. He gave his
name as Samuel Clarke, a Baptist preacher,
but was identified, and upon being searched,
treasonable correspondence, a commission to
raise troops for this affair in lowa, and the
means to pay their expenses (said to be about
$40,000 in checks on Northern banks,) were
found upon his person. He was the chief pris
oner, but there were three others in confinement
with him at Wakarusa, and some six or seven
at Lecompton.
The force in Lawrence was variously estima
ted. The intercepted correspondence stated it
1000 men, but it did not exceed 400. They
had one howitzer and 200 Sharp’s rifles, but
were all well armed. On Friday and Saturday
they threw up a breast-work, 5 feet high, and
6 feet broad at the base, with a trench 6 feet
wide and 2 feet deep. Busy preparations seemed
to be in progress for the fight, and the men
were drilled constantly. Gen. Lane and Col.
Robertson had the honor of being their lead
ers.
On Thursday, Gov. Shannon reached the
Wakarusa camp, and proceeded to Lawrence
to lay his terms before the rebels. These were
to allo w the Sheriff to execute all process then
in their bands, or which might hereafter be is
sued. The Governor’s course was not approved
by the men, and they distrusted the negotiations.
Their opinion was that they ought to have been
marched up to Lawrence, the terms dictated and
a half-hour allowed the insurgents to make up
their minds. Still the terms were such that
they could not but feel that they would effect
all that could be gained by a battle, and they
were willing to leave it to the proper authori
ties to settle.
On Saturday the Governor called a council
of the captains to meet at Franklin, a pretty
little prairie town about two miles from camp
on the Lawrence road. Lane and Robertson
were present and the debate was protracted till
late in the evening. Os course it was secret
and nothing was known of the matter in dis
pute until its adjournment. At a little after
noon an order came for the removal of the
prisoners to head-quarters, (the house of Blue
Jacket, a Delaware Indian,) and shortly after
the artillery were ordered to strike tents and
be ready for service at a moment's notice. It
had been the impression that the assault would,
be made at night, and this latter order produced
some excitement. But the afternoon wore'bn,
nothing farther was done, and at last the men
became impatient. The captains had been ab
sent all day, their not returning at noon, as
had been expected, seemed to indicate a fail
ure to agree upon the terms—the weather was
inclement—sleet and snow had fallen the night
before, it was very cold and the season of the
year left but little to hope, much time had al
ready been wasted—the Abolitionists had tak
en advantage of the delay, to strengthen their
position, and every moment increased their
means of resistance, while on our side nothing
could be gained by procastinatiou. At this
time some of the more turbulent proposed to
the men to take matters into their own hands,
elect new officers and storm the town; but they
met with little or no countenance. The Bor
der Ruffians are brave men, but not lawless,
and they would listen to no such insubordina
tion.
At 4 o'clock an order was promulgated in
the usual manner for the troops to be ready
for action in two hours, and the whole appear
ance of things was changed—every man's face
beamed with pleasure—every hand grasped its
rifle—the greatest alacrity prevailed, and all
were ready for parade. But, poor fellows, they
were doomed together to disappointment It
turned out to be a hoax, and gloomy and dis
satisfied they threw themselves down by the
fires and awaited the return of the Governor
and his counsel. At 8 o’clock they arrived,
with the news that peace had been concluded
on the terms proposed,excepting the last, which
had been waived on the representation of Lane
and Robertson that the arms were private
property. Here again was a disappointment.
This was not what was expected. They had
been led to anticipate a full surrender—such a
complete submission as would degrade the en
emy, and now the terms upon which they laid
most stress, had been argued away. Rut they
submitted, and some that night and others the
next morning, returned peaceably to their
homes.
Thus the great Kansas war ended. How
long peace will last seems somewhat doubtful.
It is generally believed that another outbreak
will take place before spring; though some
think that the overwhelming force brought out
on this occasion has overawed the abolitionsts
and will prevent any future demonstration on
their part. If so, great praise will be due to
Gov. Shannon. He will deserve the credit of
having settled amicably a quarrel which must
have terminated in bloodshed.
In this proclamation he took the ground that
an officer had merely been resisted in the dis
charge of his duty—not that an insurrection
had taken place, as the fact was. And in his
subsequent course, be treated the people of
Lawrence not as rebels, but as citizens guilty
of only a misdemeanor. He has acted the part
of a hwMDS and cautious jnan, and kept him-
self and the pro-slavery party within the limits
of what was lawful and just—but it may be
doubted whether he acted wisely. He has ob
tained the execution of the law in the present
‘ instance, and a promise of good conduct in the
1 future. But wnat guaranty has he that the
promise will be fulfilled ? The honor of a set
: of fanatics, nothing else.
Had he not ignored the exis tencc of an
insurrection, he,would have been able to insist
' upon a surrender of all their arms and maai
■ tions of war, which, occupying the poaitioa that
he had assumed, he could do. Had they been
; delivered up, it would have put it out of the
’ power of the Abolitionist* to make auctie
’ stand for one time, and peace w ave been
’ insured during that period at least, and at the
’ same time the humiliation would have been
complete, and the utter folly of their attempt
' manifest. As it is, the matter seems to have
been settled by a compromise, and this is the
" view which no doubt many will take of it
However, let whatever may happen, the Govem
! or has treated them in this instance with much
1 consideration for their feelings. All the morti
’ fication has been spared them that was possible
1 under the circumstances. If they trespass again,
let them take the consequences.
1 To-day the Constitution adopted by the To
-1 peda Convention is to be submitted to the pe o
1 pie. This is the famous Cohvention which
3 nullified the acta passed by the Legislature.
’ The free States men in other parts of the Ter
! ritory declare that they do not consider them
-8 selves bound by the action of the Lawrence
3 people, and as they alone will attend the polls,
c I suppose they wifi have a large majority in fa
-5 vor of the Constitution. SQUATTER.
P. S.—l am told by an eye-witness who has
5 iW (A P- M.) arrived from Leavenworth, that
' the bain?‘ting there was stopped by the pro
! slavery men, u’ pagers put to flight,and one
; of the clerks, who to any
box, beaten, but no serious ini tu.
’ one.
I
The Kansas Treaty of Peace.
W ueabas, There is a misunderstanding be
■ tween the people of Kansas, or a portion of
them, and the Governor thereof, arising out
of the rescue near Hickory Point, of a citizen
under arrest, and some other matters:
And Whereas, A strong apprehension ex
ists that said misunderstanding may lead to
civil strife and bloodshed:
And Whereas, It is desired by both Gov
ernor Shannon and the citizens of Lawrence and
vicinity, to avert a calamity so disastrous to
the interests of the Territory and the Union ;
and to place all parties in a correct position
before the world, now, therefore, it is agreed by
the said Governor Shannon, and the under
signed, citizens of said Territory, in Lawrence
now assembled, that the matter now in dispute
be settled as follows, to wit:
We, the said citizens of said Territory, pro
test that the said rescue was made without our
knowledge or consent; but that if any of the
citizens of the town of Lawrence have engaged
in said rescue, we pledge ourselves to aid in
the execution of any legal process against them.
That we have no knowledge of the previous,
present or prospective existence of any organ
ization in said Territory for the resistance of
not design to resist the legal service of any
criminal process therein; but pledge ourselves
to aid in the execution of the laws, when called
upon by the proper authority in the town or
vicinity of Lawrence. And that we will use
our influence in procuring order therein; and
we declare that we are now, as we ever
have been, ready at any time to aid the Gov
ernor in securing a posse for the execution of
such process.
Provided that any person thus arrested in
Lawrence or vicinity, while a proper force
shalljemain in that territory, shall be duly ex
amined before a United States district Judge
of said territory, in said town, and admitted to
bail. Anti provided further, that all citizens
arrested without legal process by said Sheriff’s
posse, shall be set at liberty. And provided
further, that Governor Shannon agrees to use
his influence, to secure to the citizens of Kan
sas territory, remuneration for any damages
suffered or unlawful depredations, 'if any have
been committed by the Sheriff’s posse, in Dug
las county. And further, Governor Shannon
states that he has not called upon persons resi
dent of any other State to aid in the execution
of the laws, and that such as are here in the ter
ritory are here of their own choice, and that he
does not consider that he has any authority or
legal power so to do; nor will he exercise any
such power. And that he will not call on any '
‘citizens of any other State who may be here.— 1
That we wish it understood that we do not ex
press aay opinion as to the validity of the en
actments of the Territorial Legislature.
(Signed) Wilson Shannon, '
C. Robinson,
J. H. Lane.
From the West Point Beacon, Jan. 5.
Senator Douglas.
The health of this distinguished gentleman
which, for a long time, has been so feeble as to
occasion great anxiety on the part of his friends
and countrymen everywhere, we rejoice to learn
by the fallowing letter, addressed to a gentle
man lately in our midst, is improving, and that
he hopes to be able in a few weeks to resume
his seat in the Senate of the United States :
Terre Haute, Ind., Bee. 18.
Mv Dear Sir:—Your kind letter of Sep
tember has followed me from place to place,
during my canvass, and at last overtook me on
my sick bed in this place. It would have af
forded me very great pleasure to have attended
the meeting, proposed to be had at Atlanta, if
I could have spared the time from my labors
in the Northwest.
I certainly rejoice as well as yourself at your
glorious triumph in Georgia. A triumph equal -
ly decided and brilliant awaits us at the Presi
dential election, if we are true to ourselves and
our principles. We must make no compromise
with the enemy—no concession to the allied
isms—no coalitions with factions, bnt fight and
crush all of the enemies of State Rights and
Constitutional liberty, under whatever banner
they may rally.
My health is improving, and I hope to be
able to proceed to Washington in a few weeks.
Very respectfully,
8. A. DOUGLAS.
Thos. D. Harris, Esq.
“The Elephant”—Gratis.
Curious students of great facts in anmal life
and persons generally desirous of “seeing the
elephant,” can be accommodated gratis. The
steamer Thomas Swan, which arrived yester
day from Philadelphia, had, as portion of her
live cargo, fourelephants, destined for a South
ern menagerie.
During the severe weather of Saturday, one
of the elephants was lost overboard in the
rolling of the vessel; the others are doing as
as well as could be expected, and will, perhaps
bring their trunks on shore this day—provided
the said taunks pass muster at the hands of
our officers of customs.—Charleston Courier.
A good anecdote is told of one of the
Chippewa Indians now at the North. He was
asked why Indians did not copy the dress of our
people. He replied; “Me thinks we started
your fashions; your men now wear blanket*
as we do, and your women paint their facta
a ud wear feathen!”
WM. KA r PROPRIETOR
NUMBER 23.
The Clayton Bulwer Treaty.
As it is a matter of much interest at this time
to know precisely what were the terms of the
Clayton Bulwer treaty, we publish below those
articles which refer particularly to the Central
American question:
Article 1. The Governments of the United
States and Great Britain hereby declare that
neither ths one nor the other will ever obtain
the said ship canal; agreeing that neither will
svsr erect or maintain any fortifications com
manding the same or in' the vicinity thereof; or
occupy, or fortify, or colonize, or assume, or
exercise any dominion over Nicaragua, Costa
Rica, the Mosquito coast, or any part of Cen
tral America; nor will either make use of any
protection which either affords or may afford,
any alliance which either has or may have, to
or with any State or people, for the purpose of
erecting or maintaining such fortifications, or
of occupying, fortifying, or coloaizing Nicara
gua, Costa Rica, the Mosquito coast, or any
part of Central America, or of assuming or
exercising diminion over the same; nor will
the United States or Great Britain take ad
vantage of any intimacy, or use any alliance,
connection or influence that either may possess
with any State or Government through whose
territory the canal may pass, for the purpose
of acquiring or holding, directly or indirectly
for the citizens or subjects of the one, any rights
or advantages in reguard to commerce or nav
igation through the said canal, which shall not
be offered on the same terms to the citizens or
subjects of the other.
Art. 2. Vessels of the United States or
Great Britain, traversing the said canal, shall
in case of war between the contracting parties
be exempted from blcokade, detention, or cap
ture, by either of the belligerents; and this pro
vision shall extend to such a distance from the
two ends of said canal as it may hcieafter be
found expedient to establish.
Art. 8. The Governments of the United
States and Great Britain having not only de
sired, in entering into this Convention, to ac
-><ish a particular object, but also to cstab
comp. -«.l principle they hereby agree to
hsh a genet- ‘•*otion by treaty stipulation
extend their prou. ■•»munication whether
to any other practical co-. isthmus which
by canal or railway, across the - gg™
connects North and South America, a-■»
cially to the inter-oceanic communication, shoum
the same prove to be practical, whether by
canal or railway, which arc now proposed to be
established by the way of Tehuantepec or Pa
nama. In granting however, their joint pro
tection to any such canals or railways as are
by this article specified it is always understood
by the United States and Great Britain that the
parties constructing or owing the same shall
impose no other charges or conditions of traffic
thereupon than the aforesaid governments shall
approve of os just and equitable; and that the
same canals or railways being open to the
citizens and subjects of the United States and
Great Britain on equal terms, shall also be
on tike terms to the citizens and subjects of
every other State which is willing to grant
thereto such protection as the United states
and Great Britain engage to afford.
' Funeral of Judos Berrien.—Thesolcmni
ties yesterday, designed as the last sad rites of
‘ friendship and Christian duty to our late distin
. guished citizen, Judge Berrien, were worthy of
| the illustrious dead and of those who assemb
i led to do honor to his memory. It was a fit
, recognition of departed worth; no gorgeous
display as heartless as glittering, but the af
fectionate and sincere homage of those that
, loved him.
According to previous announcement, the
. funeral services were celebrate! at Christ
Church, of which the decased was for many
years a communicant, at 3 o’clock. P. M. The
weather was most unpropitious, yet long before
the hour appointed for the services, a large
number of citizens of all classes had collected
Church, and on the streets and in the
square in front of it, to testify their respects
for the private worth and public services of the
departed. The Georgia Hussars, of whom he
was the first commander, were brought into
line in front of the Church, and received the
corps upon its arrival, in charge of a committee
of citizens, with a funeral dirge from their band.
The body was enclosed in an elegant metalic
coffin, highly polished and colored in imitation
of rosewood. It was received at the door of
the Church by the Rt. Rev. Stephen Elliott,
Bishop of Georgia and pastor of Christ Church
—by the surviving Warden and Vestrymen
of the Church, (the deceased being senior War
den,) and the Wardensand Vestryman of St.
John’s Church. It was theu borne down the
aisle, and placed in front of the chancel, where
it remained during the solemn services that
followed. These were conducted by Bishop
Elliott, in a most solemn and affecting man
ner, according to the forms oi the Episcopal
Church.
The services being over, the body was re
turned to the hearse, and thence, escorted by
the Hussars, was followed to Laurel Grove
Cemetery by one of the largest and most im
posing processions every witnessed in this city.
Arrived at the place of sepulture, the body
was lowered to its last resting place, and the
burial services read by Bishop Elliott. The
Hussars thea fired a salute over the grave and
in a few moments the manly form, which we
have so lang loved to gaze upon, was hid forever
beneath the colds of the valley.
Thus has passed away Georgia's greatest
son—a profound statesman, an unrivalled jurist,
a finished orator, au accomplished gentleman,
and an humble Christian. To his children and
Lis countrymen he has left an invaluable legacy
in his own spotless and illustrious example.—
Republican.
Washington Items.
Washington, Jan. 3.—Senate.—The finan
cial report of the Secretary of tho Treasury
was received.
Mr. Mason moved that ten thousand copies
be printed by the printer to the Senate of the
last Congress.
A discussion ensued as to the power of the
Senate to take such action since it would, (as
was contended on one side,) be a violation or
evasion of the law of the lost session relative
to the public printers. The resolution, how
ever, was adopted.
House. —Mr. Mace offered a resolution that
the acting Door-keeper of this House be reques
ted to lock all the doors leading to this hall
instanter; and keep them securely fastened till
a Speaker bo elected, unless opened for the ad
mission of absent members. (Laughter.)
Mr. Mace said that they bad ecclesiastical
precedent for this in the election of a Pope
(Laughter) to succeed Clement IV, in 1668.
The cardinals had been, for nearly three years,
unable to agree on the choice of a successor,
and were on the point of breaking up, when the
magistrates of Rome, by advice of St. Benja
min, shut the gates of the city, and locked up
the cardinals till they agreed.
On motion of Mr. Boyce, the resolution was
tabled, and the House again proceeded to vote;
Banks 102 ; Richardson 73; Fuller 33; Pen
nington 6 ; Scattering 5; necessary to a choice
no.
A Vztran Dead.—Boswell Graham, a Rev
olutionary soldier, died at Batavia, N. Y. on
Christmas Eve, in the 95th year of his age.—
His warrant for 160 acres of bounty l*nd> ar
rived the day of his death.