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THE GEORGIA PLATFORM. -----g CAE.HOUW, GA. SEPT. ’ 97'1858T T§£mS: The.PLATFORM is issueil Weekly at Two Dollars per annum, strictly in advance ; Two Dollars and fifty cents if notpaid with in six months ; Threo Dollars at the end of the year. No deviation from the above. In no case will a paper be discon tinued till all arrearages are paid. The “Georgia Platform” has an mcreasttYg circulation in a very prosperous section, and in the largest growing regions o£ the State, and is a good* medium for advertis ing generally, particulaily for mer chants, and most especially for grain dealers in Atlanta, Augusta, Savan nah, Charleston, Macon, Albany, Columbus, Montgomery, &c. Pay Particular ATTENTION! I All debts due the office of the “’Georgia Platform,” up to the close of the Third Volume, 1 will be settled with the subscri- I her. All contracts for Adver-: tising, heretofore made, will be ! carried out by the present edit or As we desire to close up the outstanding business of the of- j fice, immediate payment will be required of all. G. J. FAIN. A WORD ABOUT OUR EX CHANGES. The New York Weekly and Dai ly “News” arc both improved in ap pearance, and the latter is consid erably enlarged. Asa newspaper, the “News” is reliable both foreign add domestic, and is one of the few papers of New York friendly to the institutions of the South. S, -gf^-SOn finues to advocate uncompromising ly, the principles of the institutions of the South. Its editorials arc al ways stamped with evidences of orig inality and vigor of thought and of expression. vr . The Columbus “T imes” has taken upon itself a daily form, and is a re liable and spirited sheet, and is con ducted with ability and energy, and as a matter of course, yet remains firm in the faith. ’ ? f* ’ 1 ft’- “Yeung's Spirit of the South,” -Louisville, Ky., comes to us in an improved dress, and in an enlarged scope of matter. We do hope that ’ .the spirited gentry of the South will • never suffer the ‘Spirit of the South’ to Languish nor droop. It is of par ticular inter, st and importance to stock raisers geneially, as well as •to those who take an interest in the ’ Tuif. Every class of readers may find something in the “Spirit” to in terest and edify them. Address oCol. W. 11. Young, Louisville Ky. See Advertisement. The Lumpkin “Palladium,” pub** Jished at Lumpkin, Ga., by Dr. J. J. C. Blackburn, after the first of January will receive much improve ment. Dr. Blackburn proposes to make it a first class Literaty Jour’ , rial. One side of the ‘‘Palladium” will be devoted exclusively to South** ■ ern Literature. It will also con tain a Ladies department, contain ing a weekly revision of fashions, which department together with the Literary department will be under .the control of a Southern Lady. ’ tIV Daily Savannah “Morning Hews” comes to us bright and ear ly, always freighted with a valuable Cargo of news and other matter, and a good supply of brief and pointed original articles. It could not be . otherwise so long as the present ed itor presides over the editorial de partment, assisted by “Our Tom.” ’ a->We call attention to the ad- j ’ vertisement of J. M. LAMAR, Ad ministrator on the Estate of James ‘C. LongsrEET deceased, as it ap * pears in our columns. The terms, in the Handbills are fncorrect. They are corrected in this issue of our paper, WE MUST BE HEARD TOO! The eyes of the political world are now turned to Illinois, and are gazing on the scene there being en acted, with the utmu3t anxiety.— There is the centre of political at traction of the whole na*ion; that which in the beginning, was only a local contest, has assumed a nation al aspect. The sceptre has depart ed from Judah. New York, the land of ephemeral parties, where political organizations are consum mated with the fuM of the moon, and are decomposed into their orig inal elements with its wane, is no longer the sole theatre of political attention. To the No. th-west are the eyes of curiosity and speculation firmly set. No wonder, then, that almost every paper in the nation, from the mammoth sheets of our populous cities, of every shade of opinion, and who boast their circu lation of hundreds of thousands, down to the most obscure country weekly, fifteen by ten, whoso <mouw ( ! lation extends not beyond the roar j of a Fourth of July cannon, should ! have their SAY in this matter. — ; We too, must be heard. This pa*! per heretofore has had but little to ! say about the unsettled state of j litieal affairs there, nor do we res member of a single thing having j been published, except as items of news, in it since our control of it.— Nor would we now enter into a dis , cussion, but from the fact, that the I matter has become of national im ■ portance, and is therefore of impor | tanee to Georgia as well as to Uli | nois. And furthermore, we could not refrain from it, under the pre sent circumstances, even if would, i # _ ... ; for the discussion is indirectly fore ed upon us by our brethren of the Press, with many of whom, we, with much regret, especially those of the same political faitl) generally, can not agree. We think, ar.d we believe that we can give good reasons, to sustain us in the opinion, that much of the long tirade of abuse heaped upon ! Stephens and Douglas is uncalled for. From the opposition Press we j could reasonably expect nothing less, but that Democratic editors should become so completely infu- little g is , to us, of Stephens,-while on a visit to the North west ('and not to Douglas par ticularly,) stopped at one of the ho tels in Cincinnati, and whi e there, at the table, during conversation, said, that he preferred the election of Douglas to that of Lincoln, and ; that if he was in the Legislature of Illinois, lie would vote far him. In the name of good sense ! who would not do the same thing? knowing that Breese was entirely out of the race the contest being entirely between Democracy and Black Re- | publicanisra, Douglas representing j the former, and Lincoln the latter* j The issue in Illinois u not in regard ; to the English Bill, nor is it admin**, istration. or no administration, in regard to that Bill. If any con struction of language can bring the administration into that contest, Douglas shoulders the administra tion, and carries it around with him and exhibits the burden (if it may be so termed,) as well in Chicago and Galena, os in Cairo and Jones boro. The Dred Scott decision is the issue there. Douglas sustains the Dred Scott decision, so does the Administration. What is the difference then between them ? None in fact; all is in iminagation.’ We wish lo be clearly understood.. We do not sustain Douglas in his course entirely since the commence ment of the present Administration. He sinned egregiously, and we know it, and we feel no disposition to pardon that sin, nor to forgive it, until he has been sufficiently pun ished, and he has sincerely repent ed. We will do him tne credit, however, to say, that we believe his error was one of judgment and not of principle ; or at any rate, not more than policy, and not of the fundamental principles of the Dem ocratic party; it was his notion of States Rights, to such an extent as to amount to a species of radicalism, which we believe to be an error in policy and judgement. We did not, and we never can. endorse Douglas’ course on the Kansas Bi 1, nor the wliole of it on the English Cornpro in ise Bill, and we cannot sivallow everything he does in the Illinois content, but the greater part of it, is by no means in conflict with dem ocratic principles, if any of it is.— Douglas tak< j s th# position, that the negro has no political l ights, (in accordance with the Dred Scott de cision, which the Administration j sustains,) that he does not, and nev ’ er can, enjoy the privilege's of citi zenship of the United Spates under the Constitution, and he plants hirn '] upon that instrument, that lie (the | negro) is an inferior being, is not ; capable of self-government, there fore, by nature he has no right t' any share in the formation or dis rec'ion of the government under which he lives, lie has the light of protection and sustenance, (anil this he has. whether in that state of subordination, fa selv called slave- j : ry, or in that oJuw -f p.s**ndri-free-1 dom.) and that amalgamation with ! him politically <r socially, is wrong | under the Constitution and contra !rv to nature. AU this is right, and every ‘rue Southern man will en dorse it. Abraham Lincoln, takes the opposite ground in every partic ular. . In tln-se positions we sustaini ! Douglas, but whenever he <T Jiinncee I the Democratic party, or Adminis- : I trillion or b• rh for their course on i the Kansas Bill, then we denounce j ! him or any other man, or set of : men, who does the same thin tr, be- ; lieving as we do that the course in the main of the party and the Ad ministration was right in principle, judgement and policy on that ques tion. We have written of Douglas a.- though he was already the nominee of the party for Senator, wiii h is not the case; but we have thus written, because the discussion in the pipers assumed tlrs form.— Douglas is only supporting the State ticket, which endorsed the Dred Scott decision, and is stump ping the State for the success of that ticket. He may not be the j nominee of the party; and when j Stephens said, that if “he was in the Legislature of Illinois he would vote for him in preference to Lincoln, it is reasonable to suppose that he ; meant, if he [Douglas] was the ncm- ; inec of the party. And it is under ; this same supposition that we say we would do the same thing, previ ded that party did not denounce the Administrati ;-n for its couise on the Kansas question. -■aL’ifSapS CIIANGE.^kr S. 11. Smith retires from the edito rial department of the “CartersvilTe Express.” and is succeeded by Dr. W. T. Goldsmith, who gives in his Salutatory, evidences of a vigorous, bold and independent writer. Will advocate the fundamental princi ples of Democracy, but is indepen dent of party organization, when that departed from first principles. Takes high Southern ground, in relation to the State rxdministras tion, is non committal for the pre sent. Mr. Ja . 11. Graham, Sheriff of Coweta county, is out in a letter defending hsms 11 from the very se rious charges against him for not arresting Messrs Martin and Bird, of Charleston, f r the murder of Jesse B. Long, of Carroll, m New nan, a short time ago. Mr. Gra ham shows that he was not subject to the charges of neglect of duty, under all the circumstances, at leas l he justifies himself. f?gy~We learn from the Stone Mountain “Independent Press” of the 2d inst., that a very serious ac cident occurred on the Georgia Rail Road. A Miss Brown of that town, Mrs. Ilambrick and Mr. Jos. ilambrick were riding on a hand car and while passing th ough a deep cut, came in contact with an engine. •The ladies jumped off, Miss Brown fell across the track, the hand car ran over her ankle, mang ling it very badly. Dr. R. A. John son, a graduate of Atlanta Medical C liege, was present, and rendered the necessary medical aid, which was very skillfully performed PUT ON YOUR SPECTACLES BROTHER EDWARDS. We do not want more than our dues. Brother Edwards in the last issue of the “East Tennesseean” gives us a cordial welcome to the corps edito rial, and says that Mr. Fain is suc ceeded in this paper by W. V. Web ster. We are not acquainted with that individual. Our father’s name it is true, is Daniel, but he never in herited any B in his name, conse quently, he could not bequeath it to us. Wo are very fond of b’s, (bees) though wo do not want them unless entitled to them. On jj# 1 wr had ibe pleasure of \^Mp' , ' n g within the edifice of ntfjjj^uro ut l on 13.* 0 S. A. Atkinson, tlu> Aitgnsta Dlspa tcH, ‘ v * te happy to find was in health and fine sprits. BrOiWpKrsS-ON is a host of himself, just wa-oaujaJiave charge of a &*Hy as is the We we’e happy to i learn Waa.ilourisli i ing like ; tree. And here i- we would satW all who wish a rtdia ble ind‘-penlß:aim good rfews daily for $4 00. the equiva lent and forwßgit to tin* DESPATCH, Augusta, ! Jggg 3 ’ I'LAnsMrtttte fof"A ugiift’-'is on our table. ‘£■ is * most interest ing number, fully sustains the reputation of ■'jjpVodecescors. Ta os s Home ; Circulation Blood, Its Course and History Eighteen Cen turies; and Literal Andromeda; What will heßywith it?—By Pis istratus CaxtMF--Part XV. In literary is sur passed by noiiM’- — jggg-Ou thJf** Fnin 2 of tl,e 23(1 of August, MY nU Li "' bu ’ Min ister of the K#*rUnd to this gov ernment, !edly he mMr,i “ e altar ’ in St ningro 0I,n ” Mias IsaM,a 0 and i..-h'jK’ Hon Lt ‘ wis Cass, .u- .*i erioaiT : Sl:lte ’ L.e hap . | , u ; jLiMb* a short tin.e at . j y. . | cottage residence at. New p 1 1. A c r ‘> C.o advertisemetJ 3 ’ 0 *- Sa ‘ NFOl ’> be seen in a not lie! c ' oiUm, i. Coajratai-* o:r Y „ f r Jt£coadon. New Yorkl^ u &- 24.—The May or of this C ity eceived a congratu latory inc:~ Jpif rQiri the Lord May- | or on yesterday, the 23d of Aif ust ’ O From the Mi 4” llepuhlicaT1 ’ Au S- 17 ‘ Son. Missouri. During c:invas / in rT this ! /Jtßen, one of our u. S. ! Stmit’ors/rouJ- tn ? s P c ‘ <,cll ° B s * Louis, ere*ijL’r. the unnoyance of t | le ii....i. i>. Jiilifuiis. Alx.ut tJ,ot . ■i.-w. i ! i^dT ,! '"'if ± part#cu', Dem<<cr jt, wi - e t- for the reputa^ ti-oi „f J%Nz i) ‘Ugl i-*. .Many -k od things wd'.'c > i l ofhirn, and a sort paternal care as assomed over gen t lemon whaniert.* supposed to i>e i “Douglas li, ‘ and attempts were made to in fit e them to li stility a- j. gainst Mr.'Bar ret and the Demo- ; cratic tickijr. oh the ground t= at ihev were ffestile to Mr. D uglas. - | d’hc humhuju'-vas so apparent that, j no one wasdreieved by it, and when ; failing in tiffs tlrv contrived a plan 1 to draw out I’\ Green’s sentiments in this vela in, he di 1 not fail to rte : ppond t > rlilcali, but in a manner which did not suit the Black R: pub I'cans. IK* took no ground ag .ins’ Judge Do tit! as, bti‘ spoke confidence in him arid, Ms Dmiocracy. That i position iWurtbcr < xnEincd in a* letter, wrf .t-n last month, in. amsw er | to one wliie he had lately led ived stating thiU a rtun >r had been in cir culation to he effect that Mr. Green : intended to stump the S ate in favor of Judge yiuglis. Mr. Green did; not blink tlje question, but wrote as i follows : CANTON, MO,\ July, 14, 1358. j Dear Sir : Your favor of die 17th inst, call ing tny attention to certain rumors j to the effect that I intended to sus 1 tain S. A Douglas, has been recived I I had heard tlie report before, but I did not attach sufficient, impor- ; tance to it to nmkd any reply. The sac’s arfipj-tdlows : what I believed M. Douglaltltended to do in his polit ical reledWTs for the future, I gave it as my o* n opinion, founded on bis own \£jds, that he would heart ilv sustau, the Democrat) r party, & •oppose to the bitter end the Black Ropnhlioan ; and that, if mv belief should pt-.ve coirect, then 1 woul i rather see him reel cted than any j one of tlie Black Republican par ty- Many persons differ with me in regard tv, what the future course of Douglas will be, and I have heard many express their opinion that in 1860 he will be identified with the Republicans. If he should war on the D cktLc af.ic party, we must war on him j4but, if he should fight in ourranlji against the common ene tny7 I should certainly prefer him to § y one belonging to the enemy.— No douft he did us great and seri ous harjp during the last session, but I trjist Democrats will never be so eagrjß for revenge as to countens anee thr election of a Black Repub lican. fAs between Democrats in Illinois, 1 can express any prefer- n if the Judge should turn out as*l hope he may. But I should not heauate (oven if he should veri- fy rr*v expectations) between him *nd i Bl’ick Republican. The idea <f my taking the stump for him, •without certain evidence of his fidel ity, is pre osterous : but, fur the pnncij ies of our party, and in oppo sition to Republicanism, I felt it my duty to speak on several certain ocs j casions. I am, gentlemen. Yours trnlv, JAMES 8. GREEN? ‘ j For the- Chronic,!e and Sentinel. Letter from the Copper i. .dries. . DI’CKTOWN t OPPi-.H MlNfcS. 1 AogusT 20 ii, 1858. j Mr. I.DIT iU: i an ivuii in tiiis ve ry. interesting mining region yester day, and found its doz *u mines i.i full blast—giving employment to several thousand persons, and direct and i cidental support to more wo**’ mem and children than probably any other country of like extent on earth. Each mine is a distinct com tnunity, with its school, church, and all the collateral attachments of a mining establishment. recveraHl.-.n.- -r— Vu. ,rc.-o, which reduce the ore t > a motto or regulus .of from 50 to 70 per cent. This is crushed and packed in byxs es, and wagoned to the railroad, : thence to Baltimore, New Yoi k, or Swansea, in Wales, where it is sold. A good furnace will reduce 5000 pounds per day. The most of the ore now worked, is obtained near the surface, at from 50 to 100 feet, is termed by rhe minei.- *-b! ..4: \ ide,” but is rather a vitr.-o;., !. -i: ! phuret, containing Yon. 10 • > per cent —sorne*n - F • ■ ‘• en 40 per e • ; i < ! <;ar bon.*: t •’ i: ii.• qua tit V V , 7v,0 I, l • sup <■! i; kg f I'V'l ;i ' .) and -* ; t 150 47 S{e CUI t - t . -.r. . w iiicli will u■ ’itu >’ l ;i .. ail lie woi kable ores. M •si. el t h-e mines are conducted on the strictest prin ciples of modern science the officers and miners are men of enlarged practical knowledge, obtained in the best regulated mines in Europe.— All the operations have assumed a fixed character and steadily progress till in a few more years it will equal any section on the globe for its imn rnense mineral productions and en lightened scientific system of devel opments and onward march. It is now far in advance of out- I ward public opinion with regard to its progress in the arts and its moral condition. In a.population of some 6050 divide 1 into over half a dozen *T;o n*m > 1 J. >hi}y, which speaks highly “fits inhabitmits, and clear. 1 v surpasses many, if not all of our older towns and vill tges. At the Hnviis9f4*- mine, they have a Masonic ilnli and a Print ng Os fine ! The Utter root tidy establish ed, ur der the ov ne >hip and super vision <4 \Y. P. O’ lii s. wii .se in iliisfi v and rntctpri.se can’t fail of S( curing .i liberal ; aTonage from a people who <’ i <• so much in eiist iti the deveopmeht. < fail tin resour ces of their C“ u n ! ry. Arrangements - te* von now being m do to ci loin ate tli ; riiccessfui fly ing of I tie A’l; to 10 l eiegra pn tj is hie. How many of our i ueii >r towns of far greater p etendons show so high an appro iation of that gigantic iffutuftiie human tniid ; You would be astoni.-hed at the mu.-cuiar power and endurance “f many of these mountaineers. As an instance, whilst sitting in Mr. Patterson’s store, a you g man came in from the Troy Mountains and purchased a sack of Flour of 100 lbs., shouldered it, and left. Upon being asked how far he was going to carry ir, he naively replied, h one, six miles over a rough mountain path! Soon after, a second small** kered a sack of Salt and moved off as lithely as a ‘‘deer in a walk.” ; Such is the effect of habit. They | will carry heavy loads for miles over rocks and mountains, and wade streams with impunity. They are* a hardy, heaLhy and happy race, primitive in their manners ari l and ess, 1 with but tVw wants iTi*i tb.o.-e ea-iiy supplied, No hoops dr-o nt o n natural proportions. id r-e 1 *. sense of the ridiculous •• ; - r... Fanny Fern oi a i no-: ‘ • >*: iu New England, wl* or. . u ; v> • nation day, tbe g : ■> •> .ud starchy, aml a i : “httie carrels tide tile oi y he | never eutei s . ‘ *. .nu. ei untrnmuiclleu, non e “ \ where see tlie Guviau tieau n'iv. l of beau ty as handed down to us in the in imitable statue of the “Venus de Medici,” where the form of the body is shown in its natural proportions without that wasp'like distortion of the-waist, so eagerly sought after by our modern fashionable belles.— Hoops destroy all the poetry bes longing to woman, and reduce her to an artificial doll. The pertinac ity with wnich they cling to this fashionable relic of the feudal ages is the only argument against the mental equality of the sexes, which, it is to be hoped, they will speedily abolish, atrd adopt something more rcasoneble and graceful. The view from the hill-top, east of the Iliwassee Mine, is one of the most m.ignifinent in the world* You are placed in the midst of a vast basin, surrounded on all sides by immense ranges of mountains—with isolated groups, scattered about over what was o. ce, in by gone ages, a great interrnontane lake, forming i little islands--whose waters have long since burst their barriers and found thHr way to tiie ocean, leav ing this lacustine basin, with its I thousand chryst.il streams, its hills ■ and valleys for agricultural, manu facturing and mining purposes. Far to ttie Eastward, Inf v nioun tiiin u sweep armt and tin- For z >n fruit f-arnliiri arid Tcnnesse • 8-uihwanl for hundreds of mile;- ; ng !(I<* elm-ms occasional!v. tm-ougll which you have faint glimpse* ■ 1 the far-* off Blue iinlge, whose undulating outline can scarcely Im distinguish ed from the floating clouds. On the North the Iron, or smokey Moun tains lo >ni up sublimely and tend N rth eastward until they are lost in distance. Ti'd setting sun threw a rich flood of g hi? n light over the landscape, hi - k- a now and then by dark shad ows imm ilie lofty peaks of the ij|r‘' 1 u*s-~ the got geous tiff ay of Vy ” — *hef piCihn i, Milling vill ages with their furnaces Reiving up huge columns of sulphu rous sin ke like miniature volcanoes all cm,.-pij e ,l to render tlie scene one of iusredible grandeur and mag rnfiecnce. Filled with the most glow mg emotions of grati ude to Al mightv God, I descended to the Ho tel and was soon in the land of dr e.jms. >'• 1 next morning the whole scene .“ and. Tiie valleys and hills ■ r w ere ail enveloped in a if smoke fiimi the fur* n me; <tu ing the night *n- e ;i and c tit t.nued till ten -Vi-eo the sun’s heat lifted -; no and the grand panorama o n: i. tiie vision again witli ‘•■ me :4i el. Yours, M. S. From the Galveston Hews, Avy. 14. We have had the pamphlet, the contents ot which we give to-day, for some time on our desk, and have been prevented from an earlier pub lication of it by the press of other matter. We give the entire argu-> mint because it is a practical asser tion of the right of the South, and is therefore a test of our own sin cerity in claiming equality in tlie Union, and of northern hostility to j us, in the denial of that equality. Mr. Lamar, of Savannah Georgia, having an idle ship in port at Charles ton, during the commercial distress that followed the late panic, sought new empb>;*fi>ent for her by asking ftf n- to ii.Uiyv ca, “lor boiCrd Aft itfi nem igr;; n a et*oi and ; a nee with t-ie-United tStates passen- i get laws, and returning with the I same to a pert m the United States.” : Secretary Cobb replicoAiiat the clear :r ce t-bail be refused, because ne suspected that Mr. Lamar meant s inethirg more thun v as expressed in tlie i.-pj lica’i.m. Mr. Larn.ir ob ieets to ii;is asst;mption <-t motive, and to t he cm f moditig of legisl-dive witn executive power-, by ih • Tkms- I ury D- par me:ir. r s e oampiih't is I an unitnsw'i'Val.de afgutc. i t against j tin- secritM'x s decision Mr. Cobb is- biuihv if .; (’e ugian, . and Mr. Lunar s ■ -r-is t ft el tlie i more deejdy atnl direciß n j li ed by this hostility to the 8 utii from a southern man. It is undoubtedly tru<* that the numerical weakness of the Bouth is a seductive b-dt to the loyalry of her politicians on the s!a verv i} lestion —wh'le her fidelity to the Constitution, as a section, makes her essential not only to the superi ority, Tint to the very existence of tii • o.dv national or anti sectional party. She is thus a. trading capi tal. in the hands of her aspiring public men, and her r ghts are ah ternately proclaimed as a threat to the fears of the North, and then surrendered or sacrificed, as the price of success to southern ambi tion. We h ave an interest in this ques- ! 1 t*>n in Texas, beyond that of any | other slave State. We have more teniiory fi red for she labor, with a i• i variety of staple products; • ■ i e l’.iiih fiotn the sources | f m •: o: o <-migration. At the • of increase in our slave epoi. P ‘i n, we shall not get a full -up; i ■ in a cennuy, !i the meuiwhile our lands, the no - j. riile on the continent, are a and eg for *he want of labor to culti vate ihem, and will starve any hols dor who will retain them long c lie.ugh. The homo supply failing, the Gulf States have naturally turned to the foreign source. Mississippi has o pened the apprentice system on a small scale to test it, and the legiss lature of Louisiana faild last winter by only one vote, in the same expe riment. Texas differs in some important features fram the States East of her. She is the terminus of the cotton zone; it ends with the Gaudalupe or Saji Antonio valley, where the dry belt sets in, and the products change from the agricultural to the pastural. While stock raising is renderod both easy and profitable by climate in Texas, West of the Colorado or San Antonio, it renders the negro in a degree valueless, — The negro works willingly in crowds, at steady labor; and the peon of Indian blood is equally happy ass * solitary shepherd, or in following an unruly mustang with the lasso.— The two sections of our State seem adapted by Providence to these two races, as the respective laborers.-*** Pecuniarily the difference is quite a§ great. Capital must be invested and sunk in advance, in the negro J hut small wages earned, as they fall due. compensates the peon. The cart war of last winter in Karnes and Goliad counties, judged fotn an outside point, would seetd to have been the natural conflict of unequal races brought into contact and competition. The white team ster, (American and German) requi red twenty to, thirty per month, to compensate hftp for his labor and enable him to live; while the Mexi can (or peon) cartman, was content ed with a fourth to a third of the amount. War was evitable, and the weaker went to the wall. But place the peon where he will never have a rival; in .the saddle with his lariat, a hag of parched corn, and few pounds gs dried beef,jand he will manage countless flocks and herds, than in apv*^^ ’ cognise peonage, but must of neces ’ sity do so soon. The Mxxican haci i en ias on the other side of the Rio Grande, are losing their peons, who i are hat bored on our side. Our a doption of their system, which could not be locomotive, but would remain where alone it is applicable, would ! lead to a mutual rendition of runa - ways—peon or negro— and the thief and vagabonds of Mexico- would! thus be kept at home. Texas from -Ban Antonio to El Paso, (and espe ei.lly when Capt. Pope and Capt- Foibes Britton shall have shown us how to obtain a cheap supply oY stock .vater,) being one entire pas* tore, will be covered, one day, by countless flocks, and the peon will* be the happy and useful shepherd of both Mexican and American propri etors. \v e did not intend tq wander from* the point in we- Our right to pass a State law to re ceive Mr. Lamar’s apprentices, or passengers, and to fix their social status, we hold to be as clear as that to adopt the peon laws of ico. Nor have we a doubt that both’ races, negro arid Indian, will be el** evated to the highest condition they are capable of, and at the same time, contribute their greatest Ser vice to humanity at large. Eng land is colonies, in various parts of the world, with ny thousand African emigrants an-* nually, while our government, usur ping a power not given in the Conv P***^^* 1 * to say the States shall supply m way that labor, for the want of which millions of acres of the richest land in the world must remain uncultivaw ted tor ages to come. Correspondence ofthe Savannah Republican Isctier from Havana. Havana, Aug. 9, 18587 The “Caja Commercial de la Islet de Cuba,’ one of the joint stock: banks tine twelve months since sa oiivldiuiiy w as ushered into existence, bin been dissolved, by edict of the Captain General. Sixty-five per cent of its entire capital has been sunk or lost. Tiie reports, founded on a tele* graphic despatch from Washington, that have been goir.g the rounds of the American papers, that tho Uni ted States government had received despatches which gave good reason to hope the United States would soon acquire this Island, and that our Captain General had been re called and General Ros de Olano appoint** ed to succeed him, cannot be found** cd on fact. Spain will never accede to the sale of Cuba. The Bay of Havana and Matan** zis railway was opened, with great ceremony, to Guanabacoa on Sun** day evening a w r eek last. His Ex** celleney the Captain General and suite were present, and also the Right Reverend the Bishop of the Diocese. As on all public occasions in Cuba, there was a great display of the.military. The stetim ferry boats, connected with the line, which ply from this city to Regia, were gaily decorated with flagß and strea mers, as was also the railroad depot at Regia —nor could I avoid observ ing the stars and stripes floating no bly among the rest from the pretty sh ; p Riga of Marblehead, which was at her berth alongside the company’a wharf. In the railpay deoot an al* ( tar bad been erecteu, at whioh the Right Reverend the Bishop perform med his sacred duties, which termi** nated by a sprinkling with holy wa ter, of the locomotive, (which, deco rated with flags and flowers, stood panting with anxiety, as it seemed, to depart), the railway passenger cars, engine : driver, and indeed ev ery one iu any way connected ?fith the event, Vi The following day (Monday) more than ten thousand persops passed over the road, to a majority of whom a railway ride was a novelty, and the trains, which run every half hour daily, continue to be graded. Two cargoes of <4 Asiatipos free Colonists,” under the Holland and ! Spanish flags, have arrived during ] the last two weeks, four hundred and nipetysfive and two hundred and sft