The Atlanta weekly intelligencer and Cherokee advocate. (Atlanta and Marietta, Ga.) 1855-18??, July 27, 1855, Image 2

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The Atlanta weekly intelligencer and Cherokee advocate., July 27, 1855, Image 2

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Newspaper Page TextWEDNESDAY JULY 25. Mki For i THOS. H. MOOSE- a^SomaSSr, & M. BRADFORD. Ordinary— B. TOLLESON. Sheriff— J. B. BLACKWELL. JOHN Deputy— rANDER ERSON. Clerk of Superior Court— JAMES M. BARNWELL. Clerk of Inferior Court— W. W. CARROLL. Tax Collector— G. JOHNSON. Receiver of Returns— J. F. McCLESKY. Coroner— JOHN WHITE. County Surveyor— J. B. FAIR. Cmumcmnt mt R***rjr C«Uc(e. We should have given a notice of this Nourishing Institution during last Com mencement, if we had not closed our week ly form on Wednesday last, which is the Senior day and most interesting of such occasions. We were not so fortunate as to bear the sermon that introduced the exercises of the week, which was pronoun ced by Dr. Green of Nashville. But all who did concur in the opinion that a more memorable discourse has not been beard at Oxford in years. This is going as far as men may prudently venture in friendly criticism on sermons, for Oxford seems to be the paradise of pulpit productions. The Sophmore declamations were far above the usual average, and Judge Dawson frankly admitted that in the award made the Com mittee felt great embarassment in discrimi nating between the contestants, and it seem ed the judges gave the prise to Messrs. Chambers and Yarborough because some one or more of the class would, from the oature of the case, be obliged to take them, and not because the efforts of the Class pro nounced them victors. The Junior Class on Tuesday made a handsome display of talent, and the pieces delivered from the stage generally evinced a most auspicious developement. We all have our preferences among a number of rivals, and we hope it may not be deemed unjust or invidious when we express our- -elves highly pleased with Mr. McDaniels’ •peech. It was a highly creditable paral lel drawn between the intellects and fame ■>f Calhoun and Clay. The treatment of this subject by Mr. McDaniel exhibited a maturity of judgement and an aptness for making nice discriminations, rarely to be met with in a young man no older than the speaker. We would rather have seen the leaning more Calhoun-wise, for unless our diagnosis of the times is wide of the truth, •he future will need the brightest talents of our young men in giving practical effect end ascendancy to the school of the grand Carolinian, the greatest of American states men. Wednesday was the day that excited iur largest expectations, for the class that would graduate on that day was one of un usual promise. There were twenty-two graduate- in the Senior Class—the first honor being shared between three, Messrs. L. D. Palmer, J. F. Isler, B. F. Perry.— The second honor was conferred upon Mr. J.T. DeJarnette of Putnam co. and Mr. J. F. Marshall, Talbot co. Of the number of speeches (seventeen, we believe) delivered by this class, we think the addresses of Mr. West on the “Dignity of Labor,” Mr. Ry- lander’s on “The Bible as a Text-book,” and Mr. Pe Jarnette’s Salutatory were especi ally worthy of notice. But we feel very *urc that of the many classes we have seen subjected to the ordeals of the Commence ment test, we bare never known one to re flect greater honor on their College than the (•lass just graduated from Emory. The Address of Dr. Means to the Class was most impressive and gave'gratifying ev idence of the tender relations that had sub sisted betweeu teacher and student. We must not omit to notice the speeches of Claude Wilson, Esq., of Savannah, before me of the College societies. It was an effort of commanding ability from so young a man and it gratified an immense audience. We have heard few addresses lately that gave us so high an opinion of its author as this of Mr. Wilson. Dr. Green’s address before ;he societies was sui generis. The Doctor sent us away with new idoas of the power of eloquence. Men, in listening to the address of Dr. Green in the rapid vicissi tudes of feeling that he produced, hardly knew what they were doing, for they wept snd laughed just as he willed. In the Dr. we have at last found the man we have been looking for all our lives—that is to say, a man who has nothing to desire for himself. He is a minister of the Gospel in active service, and therefore good. He is healthy, for he is as red as a rose and portly withal. He is a superb orator. He is one of the handsomest men we ever saw—and last, but O how far from least, he is the richest man in Nashville. Won’t this do, we would ask oar readers, for one man’s share? In conclusion we had a delightful literary festival at Emory and but one thing marred the pleasure we all enjoyed. Dr. Mean’s withdrawal from the College was that thing. Wc think we have the whole matter which 01jtmed to call for this step. But we for one say it is not in our opiniou justified by any view that can be taken of it. Dr. Mean’s connection with the Medical College of Au gusta could have been continued we think without detriment to Emory. By simply changing the vacations to the summer months, there would have been not more than 15 days furlough necessary for meeting Dr. Means obligations to the Augusta Col lege and wc are sure justice required that •-oine sacrifice should have been made to meet the interests of one who had sacrificed so much for the good of Emory College as Dr. Means has done for the last 12 years. His place may possibly be supplied—yet we doubt it. 1*. B. Bleckley, Bsq. We have but small space to notice the speech of tite above named gentleman, in the City Hall, on Saturday evening last.— Had the address been less perfect th it was we might have devoted to it a logger comment; as it is it needs none. We con sider it the most masterly exposition of the political topics of the day we have yet heard. We wish that every Know Nothing in the place had beard it. Unfortunately but few did so. Having refused to listen to the speech itself it is notto be supposed that they will profit by any oomment of ours.— What we now most wish is an attempt made to answer it. Nominations rox CoNoaxss.—Macon, July 18.—Col. N. 0. Footer was yesterday nomi nated as the American candidate for Con- eress from the 7th District, and Col. Robert Orippe in the 3d District The population of Memphis is 17.745, according to toe recently published oily directory. The History of Know Hothlagba In on* Colnoa of a Newspaper. Despite the mystery which hung around the origin and early progress of the Know Nothing or American party, a sufficiency of Cuts have been developed throughout its course to enable us to form a probably cor rect account of its history. This party, from the best information which has been anywhere outside of it received, took its rise in the North, in the year 1853, and grew out of the complete demolition of the Whig party, and the final and complete tri umph of the Democratic principles. Hope less of being longer able to meet their old foes upon past issues, yet not relinquishing one whit of the hatred they had ever boarne towards them, a portion of the Whig leaders cast about themselves for material out of which to construct a new party, whose pri mary object should be the defeat of the De mocracy. The first which presented itself was an organization known as native Amer icans, whose numbers had hitherto been as contemptable os their opinions and prac tices were disreputable, but who were now by an unforseen change of fortune to extend their influence throughout the Union. By em bracing the opinion of these on the subject of Catholics and foreigners, the Whig fac- tionists were enabled to array the Nativists with themselves in opposition to the admin istration, and thus was formed, from these two, the present Know Nothing party. Still tbeyneeded asufficiencyof strength to theac- eomplishment of their designs: despite this accession to their numbers, the Democracy were yet largely in the majority. Anoth er element was required to increase the par ty power of the new organization. An oc casion to effect this soon presented itself: the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill by a Democratic Congress, and the support given to it by a Democratic President had driven from that party the anti-slavery men of the North. With these the newly form ed Know Nothing party united itself, mutu ally exchanging opinions, and the whole were soon united in opposition to the Ad- Thc Cratrul. If a State Convention in the free States, of the K. N. party has yet assembled, which did not, in express terms, repudiate and disavow the Platform of that party on slavery, as propounded at Philadelphia, we have yet to hear of it. If one such conven tion ‘urniahes an exception, we challenge the proof. On the other hand, no Demo cratic State Convention, which has met since the K. N’s have taken their stand upon the question of slavery, has disavowed the conservative and constitutional grounds maintained by the National Democracy up on this great question in our politics. An attempt is now making—a sickly feeble ef fort—to prove that the Democratic and K. N. parties in Pennsylvania, occupy the same platform as regards Slavery. Nothing can be farther from the truth. So far from the truth is this foolish assertion upon the fair fame of tbo Democracy of Pennsylvania, that we engage to prove to any sane mind, that their State Convention has, in its .last session, adopted a platform on slavery infi nitely more sound and acceptable to the South than the Platform of the Philadelphia Convention itself. We will not insult the understanding of the community by compar ing the two State Platforms. Here is what the Democracy of Pennsylvania say: Resolved, That the Democratic party need not, on old and settled issues, to declare its principles in detail. It is sufficient for us to sav that we belong to the Democracy of the Union, and recognize no geographical lines between the North and South. The interests of all parts of the country are the same to us, and so far as in our power, *e will maintain the constitutional rights of every State and recognize in its widest ex tent the principle of popular sovereignty in the Territories. Resolved, That we are opposed to any change in onr State Constitution conferring upon Negroes the right of suffrage. We are not willing that this class of “Ameri cans” shall rule this part of America—con ceding to other States the right to gratify their own tastes in this particular, however much we may differ from them in opinion. Recognize in its widest extent the prin- ministration. The result was a defeat of , cip>le of popular sovereignty in the Territo- the Democracy, the removal of the Nebras- j nes.” This, in these latter days of “conces- ka men from office, and a substitution in their stead of prominent members of the Free Soil party. In the accomplishment of tbeir designs, the original members in this affair had been entirely reckless of the j means. Nativism offered to them an acces- : sion of strength, and they embraced it.— j Free Soilism, unable alone to contend with i Democracy was powerful but in combina tion. They combined with it—made theirs the Free Soil party, as they had before made it the Nativist, and under the auspices of Know Nothingism the enemies of the South fur the first time came into power in the Government. In the meantime the new party has ex tended its influence throughout the entire Union, its inception was the same every where—opposition to the administration.— There existed in the South, as iu the North, many discontented politicians, many who though hoping for no political preferment, wore yet smarting under the recolletion of sion and compromise”, the Southern people would at a j ump compound for. We go far ther, and say that if Gen. Taylor with his anti-slavery advisers bad let this principle of non-intervention alone, its practical ef fect would have been to have made Califor nia a slave State, and its practical effect al-. ways will be to settle the question of Iucal slavery upon the safest and most satisfacto ry basis to all sections of our country.— But what one word will we find in the na tional creed of the K. N. party committing the order to anything more than the expedi ency of non-intervention. The legality of non-intervention is not touched by the par ty. And when the South asks the guaran tee of an acknowledged principle, what an swer do we get? Why, they pretermit, and this is thought sufficient to appease our anxiety and meet all our just anticipa tions, while not a word of endorsement of the Fugitive Slave Law, or indeed, of any thing else that shows a leaning towards re- old defeats; these eagerly embraced an occa- 1 spect for Southern defences, sion for uniting themselves with an organ-' As to the vile platform of the Revolution- ization which had proved itself so power- j ists in Pennsylvania, styling themselves the ful elswhere. The nativist elements of the K. N. party, any man that reads our lan- new party; acting upon the prejudice of | guage can see that we have nothing to the people brought considerable acces- ! look for from there but war to the knife, sions to its strength, and thus was estab- I Here is tbeir Platform:— lished the Know Nothing organization in j Platform of the Pennsylvania K. N.’s the South. For a while the co-operation I The following resolution on the eubjectof was cordial and complete; each wing of the \ slavery was adopted by the State Council of party went to work through Us own pe cm- I the American party by a vote of 143 to 53: liar means to accomplish the great end of ! Resolved, That the question of slavery defeating the Democracy ; the administra- j should not be introduced into the platform tion in the North was denounced as pro-1 <£ ‘ he American party being convinced , , , , 0 .. . i that no such issue was intended to be em- slavery, and opposed as such, South, it was p racec i within its principles and objects.— Kww XkMf CiklUftl—, j~ We resume to-day our ooanmentary on the , Know Nothing Constitution and By-Laws. This document, we have the lteet reason for believing genuine, we would not willing ly be instrumental in perpetrating a hoax; still leas would we waste our labor in expos C*r» Last fen C«M C*antjr. A pleasant ride of five miles on Saturday morning last, from Marietta, to the farm oi Mr. Jeremiah Daniel, of Cobb county, gate ns the pleasure of surveying the finest field of corn we have ever seen. It is in a creek bottom, on one of the branches of the Nicko- ing that which has no existence. But the ; jack. For this bottom land, Mr. Daniel ha- declared to be anti-slavery, and the South ern interest was arrayed against it. The end in each case to be accomplished was the same, the Administration, by these conflicting statement v of the same party, That we believe in, and shall ever defend the rights of freedom of opinion and discus sion on that and every other subject not in tended to be embraced within the designs of our organization. But inasmuch as the subject has been forced upon us, we regard was to be brought into equal disrepute j the repeal of the Missouri Compromise as North and South. Astonishing as this may seem, it is nevertheless indubitably true. This policy as we have before shown, at the North, proved eminently successful. At the South, unfortunatly for its cause, before it could be thoroughly tested by bal lot it became nessary to give to the national party a platform of principles: The result was the Convention at Philadelphia. One or more national councils which had hither to been convened, had ignored the subject of slavery, and the North were now anxious that the same course should be pursued, and that each wing should be allowed to act in the manner most effective to the con- sumation of their united design ; but the South refused to be content with silence upon a subject so important to their interests, and imperiously required of their delegates a recognition and settlement of the question. The result was a dissolution of the Phila delphia Convention, and the formation of two strictly sectional parties, and such is the condition of the Know Nothing party at the present day, the North freesoil, the South, Southern. The influence of this party, so far as it has been effective of any thing, has been the prostration of Southern interests. Should the organization come into power throughout lhe Union, it 19 not difficult to foretell the result—the irremdiable separ- tion of the parties in the country, upon strictly geographical lines, and the conse quent dissolution of the government. Right for Once. We rip from Judge Andrew’s platform this lath. It has been objected that the sound por tion of the American Party, North, is too insignificant in numbers to be relied on for support. If not already so, from present indications, it may, by the time Kansas ap plies for admission, be more numerous thau the sound Democracy North. But it mat ters not whether it may be ten or thirty; one vote may decide the question upon which the fate of millions may depend. Now here is the first symptom of saying any thing that looks like common sense that we have seen in a Know Nothing plat form. Judge Andrews we always beard was a prudent man and we believed it till he agreed to run as a Know Nothing Can didate. He is coming rouud however, and in this census which he here gives of the strength of his party North, he acts with characteristic caution. One vote “may de cide the qustion,” and by the time Kansas applies for admission Judge Andrews’ par ty may have that one vote in a free State—but he would not dare to say over his own hand, that he had that one novo. WSf* Arequin, a French chemist of New Orleans, whom Liebeg, Dumas and Ger- hardt, quote in their works as the very highest authority in the analysis of cane- juice, has discovered a peculiar principle in that liquor, which he calls cerosie. He ■ays it is an unique natural alcohol, and presents the only instance known in nature of an alcoholic substance being produced without artificial agency. Mademoiselle Rachel is to receive, it is said, for playing two hundred nights in America, two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, besides all the travelling expenses of herself and her suit are to be paid : all the salaries of her chambermaids, and she is to have a carriage and the requisite ser vants always at her disposal. fact that the Know Nothing organs have failed to deny.it, although repeatedly chal lenged to do so by the most respectable pa pers in the Union, is to us a sufficient guar anty of the validity of this document. There is one remarkable feature observa ble throughout this whole affair, the com plete subserviency of the State Councils to the National or Central one; a more perfect system of consolidated government it is perhaps difficult to conceive of. Under the first of the “ Rules and Regulations ” it is allowed to the State, District or Territorial Councils “ to form for themselves Constitu tions and By Laws for their government in pursuance of, and in consonance with the Constitution of the National Council of the United States; and provided, however, that all District or Territorial Constitutions shall be subject to the approval of the National Council of the United States.” This we conceive to be a complete surrender of the doctrine of State Rights, and the placing of the South at the mercy of a reekless major ity. If there were no other reasons to in duce Southern men to disavow this order, this in itself would be sufficient. It is a dangerous day for our country, when our best interests are to be placed the disposal of a body of men, a majority of whom are composed of the enemies of onr institutions. But the fun of this document is so exquisite that, despite these graver matters, we are ir- resistably attracted to it. It is made a penal offence by Rule Six fur officers of the Coun cil to post the signs or summons “ at any other time than from midnight to one hour before day break.” Nothing is said here or elsewhere about the “dark lantern,” and we have but little hesitation in expressing our belief that no such article is used, and that the charge thereof is a groundless slander. The National Council proceeds in the exercise of its supreme power to levy a tax, but whether for purposes of revenue or protection it is not clear. Time is divided into fiscal years, and the whole affair con ducted in governmental style. We are un able to comment on the following piece of Know Nothingism, which purports to be a key to ascertain the purport of any com munication that may be addressed to the President of a State Council by the Presi dent of the National Council: ABCDEFGHIJKLM 1 7 J3 19 25 2 8 14 20 26 3 9 15 NOPQRSTUVWXYZ 21 4 10 16 22 5 11 17 23 6 12 18 24 Here we have the notice of expulsion, which should be well considered before joining: FORM OF NOTICE, From the Subordinate Councils to the State Council, whenever any member of a Subor dinate Council is expelled. - —■ ■ Council. No. , county of - an infraction of the plighted faith of the nation, and that it should be restored, and if efforts to that end should fail, Congress should refuse to admit any State tolerating slavery which shall be formed out of any portion of the territory from which that institution was excluded by that Compro mise. A Distinguished Know Nothing.—J. Gordon Bennett, (the conductor of a lead ing K. N. journal, whom it is said the lea ders of the new party have promised the mission to France in the event of tbeir suc cess at the next presidential election) sailed in the Baltic for Europe, where his wife re sides and his children are being educated. Mr. Rennet is a Scotchman by birth, but lores to titilate to the proclivities of the K. N. party, or any other sect, if the profits of his paper may be increased thereby. His wife, who only visits this country occasionally, to obtain her share of the m mey made by the Herald, leads a gay life in Paris. Like her husband, she hates America, or, rather she loves it, “as the beggar loves his bag,” while she can get any money out of it. Bennett’s eldest son is receiving his education at the French Military Academy. We suppose, says the Baltimore Republic, that distinguished k. n. with all his European prejudices and ha tred for this country, will return in time for the presidental contest, invigorated, to do battle for kuow nothingism and the mis sion to France. The Wheat Cbop.—The Cincinnati Price Current attempts to give an estimate of the wheat crop for 1855, in all the prominent wheat growing States. It pat down the crop of 1854 at 92,986,000 and of 1855 at 114.500.000 bushels, showing an increase of 21.521.000 bushels over last year. We think the estimate of the Price Current has been made hastily, and at Lost, is mere guessing. One argument against th? accu racy of this statement is seen in the esti mate made for Maryland. It puts down the wheat crop of our State in 18o4 at 4,494,- 000 bushels, and that of 1855 at 4,000,009 Now every one knows that the crop in Maryland this year is much larger than that of lost—that more land has been appropria ted to the culture of wheat—that the yield is abundant, probably 800,000 or 100,000, bushels more than last year. Estimates for the other States seem to us equally falla cious and below the mark. That the wheat crop of this year is immense cannot be de nied. At a Democratic convention held in Jef ferson county, Iowa, on the 30th ult., the following resolutions were adopted: ll 'Resolved, That the Baltimore platform of 1852 embodies the true Democratic prin ciples, and it still receives our cordial sup port. Resolved, That although a combination of all the isms in principle, all the restless, disappointed, ambitious, and all that could be seduced by sacred oath to abandon prin ciple, have for the time being placed the admiration in the minority; yet tne admin istration of Gen. Pierce w not in fact unpop ular, and in the intelligent, honest, public heart it has not been condemed.” Ref. Alexander Campbell.—We are pleased to state from reliable information, that the notice which appeared a few morn ings since in our columns, from a Cleveland paper, in reference to the “death of the celebrated Alexander Campbell, of Bethany, Va.," is without foundation. He is still in the enjoyment of vigorous health, with the prospect of many years of active usefulness. We may add that we have been informed by their minister and others in this city, that the “ Disciples ” do not recognise him as their founder, as we stated, hut merely as one among other distinguished advocates and exponents of their faith.—Constitution alist. To the President of the State Council of Sir:—This is to inform you that at a meeting of this Council, held on the day of , 185—, was duly expelled Irom membership in said Council, anil thus deprived of all the privileges, rights and benefits of this organization. In accordance with the provision of the Constitution of the State Council, you are hereby notified of the same, that you may officially notify all the Subordinate Councils of the State to be upon their guard against the said . as one unworthy to associate with patriotic and good men, and (if ex pelled for violating his obligation) as a per jurer to God and his country. The said is about years of age, aud is by livelihood a . Duly certified, this the day of — 185—. , President of ■- - - Council, No. , Secretary. A member of the order is, in the opinion of the Council, forever precluded from al tering his opinion. Easy is the descent but hard the return. Bound by the opinions of, perhaps, unprincipled demagogues, he dare not dissent from them, but under the penalty of being denounced as a peijured outcast. The following are the questions, with their answers, propounded to the applicant, by the Marshal in the ante-room: Marshal.—Where were you bora ? Marshal.—Where is your permanent re sidence ? (If born out of the jurisdiction of the Un ited States, the answer shall be written, the candidate dismissed with an admonition of secrecy, and the brother vouching for him suspended from all the privileges of the or der, unless on satisfactory proof that he has been misinformed.) Marshal.—Are you twenty-one years of age? Ans.—“I am.” Marshal.—Were you born of Protestant parents or were you reared under Protes tant influence? Ans.—“Yes.” Marshal.—If married, is your wife a Ro man Catholic? (“No” or “Yes”—the answer to be given as the Constitution of the State Council shall provide.) Marshal.—Are yon willing to use your influence and vote only for native born citi zens for all offices of honor, trust or profit in the gift of the people, or to the exclusion of all foreigners and aliens, and Roman Catholics in particular, and without regard to party predilections ? Ans.—“I am.” Some purtions of the instructions given by the President to the newly admitted members are decidely rich. Public notice for a meeting is given by means of a (piece of white paper the shape of a heart.) (In cities^ the *** of the *** were the meeting is to be held, will be written legi bly upon the notice ; and upon the election day 6aid *** will denote the *** where your presence is needed. This notice will never be passed, but will be *** or thrown upon the sidewalk with a*** in the centre.) If Information is wanting of the object of the gathering, or of the place, Ac., the inauirer will ask of an undoubted brother (where’s when?) The brother will give the information if possessed of it; if not, it will be yours and his duty to continue the in quiry. and thus disseminate the call throu ghout the brotherhood. If the color of (the paper) be (red.) it will denote actual trouble, which requires that yop come prepared to meet it. The “cry of distress”—to be used only in time of danger, or where the American in terest requires an immediate assemblage of the bretbern—is, (oh, oh, oh.) The re sponse is (hio, hio, hio.) The “sign of caution”—to be given when a brother is speaking unguardedly, before a stranger—is ”d rawing the fore finger and thumb together across the eyes, the rest of the hand being closed,) which signifies “keep dark.” If this document be spurious, we have certainly said enough: If it is genuine, as we have every reason to believe, surely the foregoing is sufficient to bring it into odium, and contempt, whenever it may be span. been offered one hundred dollars an acre. He refused the offer, of course, as a single crop has paid him aa much ; for last year, the corn gathered from an unmeasured acre of this field, was a fraction over one hun dred bushels, and sold readily at one dollar a bushel. Mr. D. has seventy-five or eighty acres of such creek bottom ; « f this he has twenty- three acres cleared and in corn, which he expects to average one hundred bushels to the acre, if no disaster should befal it. After seeing the corn field and walking through it in company with two gentlemen of Marietta, we think with them that the calculation is a safe one. The appearance is more like that of a fresh, unpastured canebrake than anything else to which it can be compared. The denseness of the stand can be conceived, when it is stated that the rows are laid off at three feet and a half distance, and the stalks left in the drill at twelve or fourteen inches apart. A sim ple calculation will show over ten thousand plants to the acre, many of which will pro duce two good ears. Although the stalks stand so thick in the row that there is gene rally about room enough for a man of or dinary size to pass easily between them, and the blades meet and interlock, from row to row, yet the whole has a uniform, rich, deep green color, to the very ground. Mr. Daniel’s hands had, the day before our visit, finished the last hoeing, the corn just beginning to show signs of tasseling and shooting. It was planted the middle of May, nine weeks before. Standing upon the ground, we could, with the staff of a common-sized umbrella, reach about to the top, showing a height of ten or eleven feet, or an average growth of two inches a day, from the time of planting. Mr. Daniel in formed us that he had measured two stalks of last years’ crop, that were over seventeen feet high, and ten feet from the bottom to the lowest ear. There is nothing very remarkable in Mr. D.’s mode of cultivation, except that he manages it with a good judgment. After the ground becomee dry enough in the Spring, he breaks it up to ordinary depth, deep plowing not being necessary. At the time of planting he runs a furrow with a scooter, and covers the seed in the drill with the shovel plow. He dues not bed tiie land as that would render the corn more liable to be thrown down by the wind. Mr. D. sowed in the drill last spring eight bushels of seed to the twenty-three acres. When Mr. Daniel purchased this land three or four years ago, it was no unusual thing to have to pull out cattle that had been raised in what is now his best corn ground. The amount of ditching required to drain it sufficiently for cultivation was of course very considerable. The growth FRIDAY, MORNING, JULY 27. FOR GOVRRNOF, HERSCHEL V. JOHNSON, or Baldwin. FOR CONGRESS: l-t Dt»#rlet—J. L. Snrard, mt ThMiH. Id “ Mt. J Crawford, of M«»’*«. <d “ James M. 8mlin, of Uptan. I, h “ H. Warner, of Me. Iwether ith “ J H. Lampkla, of Floyd. 3th “ Hawell Csfeb, mt Clarke, Judge Warner** Appointment*. lion. Hi ram Warner, will address the •eople of the Fourth Congressional District it the following times and places: Newnan. Coweta co., Saturday, July 28. Atlanta. Fulton co., Saturday, Aug. 4th. McDonough, Ilenry co, Tuesday, Aug. 7. Decatur, De Kalb co.. Saturday “ 11. Marietta, Wednesday, August 15th. Franklin, Saturday, Aug. 18. Cainpbeilton, Tuesday, Aug. 21. Greenville, Saturday, Aug. 25. Fayetteville, Tuesday, Sept. 18. LaGrange, Saturday, Sept. 22. The Reign mt Terror. When Know Nothing rule becomes firmly planted here, then will this reign begin.— Then begin ? did we say? Have not blood shed and civil commotion followed the “or der” like its shadow, from the very start ? Look at the scandalous outrage on persons and property.in Chicago—in Cincinnati, and worst of all in Louisville. Even Charleston, the city of our pride—Charleston that has given eclat to Southern society, from her uni form lofty honor and courtesy, and good order, has fallen into disgrace from the un blushing device by which her late Sheriff’s election was carried. Every where the ef fect of this religious aud political bigotry, organized for persecution, has been to fill the country with a dread of direful civil commotion. Judge Andrews, whose tender lambs heart, quakes at the click of a gun lock, in the hands of a Southern man; goes about crying out to the defenders of the South, “Has Governor Johnson or the Democratic party told us of any escape from the crisis so certainly pending ? Have they devised any, or are they seeking any ?” Yet he is as cool in view of the blood that K. N. violence has spilt, and is to spill, as Nero was, who fiddled while Rome was burning down. War on the stranger, who with sad step, turns his back forever on his home, and comes for rest to us, and sits him down at our hearth stone, is the noble eni- p nyntent of Judge Andrews, and seems to L*e congenial to his noble instincts. With him there is no blood so vile, butwhatistoo good to be offered up in defence of the social and political salvation of these Southern States, and yet there is none that he will not risk in a war of persecution, against a reli gion that he does not profess. But we only began this article as an introduction to the recital below, of more of tne natural and usual display of “that strong American feeling,” wnich, it seems, is the motive power of Know Nothing politics: A Hob—Americana Ruling America 1 Auer the speaking last night in the Eighth Ward, in which foreigners aud the Pope were duy belabored by the speakers at the time of clearing was, to a great ex- a uiob was organized, the lamps put out, tent, hazel and alder, inte.spersed with ma- i alhw * ou ^ property of Mr. , 0 ... r , . . . Jt. Quinn. ile is an Irishman who has pie, willow, Ac. We were stru -k with the i |jeen tweiltJ olie >ear8 in Louisville, and almost entire absence of stumps iu the field, j p. is | ia j j, Uw j i oriune t0 acquire prup- aud learned from Mr. Daniel that in clear- erty. Five or six of his hi,uses were stoned and neany de-troyed. Tne property is between Tencnand Eleventh streets. Mrs. Sweney’s hi*u>e, at the corner of Eleventh and Mon roe streets, was stoned and much damaged. Mr. llegau’s house was also stoned, and the wiudowo broken. A woman, Mrs. Lee, was shot through the arm. No arrests were made; aud threats of burning the property to night were uttered. Mr. Quinn was told yes.erday that his property was threaten ed. In order to stimulate the scoundrels, it was circulated that the Catholic Church in Thk DirriaxNCE.—The Murfreesboro’ (Tennessee) News thus forcibly states the cqsts; “When a man of forigan birth becomes a citizen of the United States, he takes ah oath to support the constitution. When one who is an American by bjrth, joins the Know Nothings, be takes an oath to oppose that constitution. That is the difference between the two.” ing bis plan was to cut off the main roots of the taller trees, and fastening a rope to the upper part of the trunk to pull it over. No one who has on his farm a few acres oi creek swamp should fail to visit Mr. Daniel if within a reasonable distance.— The sight of the growing crop will repay any one who feels an interest iu agriculture fur a five miles ride from Marietta. An Act tor Establishing Religious Free dom. WRITTEN BV THOMAS JEFFERSON. Passed by the General Assembly of Virginia, December 1G?A, 1784. “ 1. Whereas, Almighty God hath creat ed the mind free, that all attempts to influ ence it by temporal punishments or bur thens, or by civil incapacitation, tend only to beget habits of hypocrisy and meanness, and are a departure fiom the plan of the Holy author of our religion, who being Lord both of body and mind, yet chose not to propagate it by coercions on either, as was his Almighty power to do; that the impions presumption ot Legislators and Rulers, civil as well as ecclesiastical, who being themselves but fallible and uninspir ed men, have assumed dominion over the faith of others, setting up their own opin ions and modes of thinking as the only true and infallible, and as such endeavoring to impose them on others, hath established and maintained false religions over the greatest part of the world, and through all time; that to compel a man to furnish contrihu tions of money for the propagation of opin ions which he disbelieves, is sinful and ty rannical ; that even the forcing him to sup port this or that teacher of his own religious persuasion, is depriving him of the comfort able liberty of giving his contributions to the particular pastor, whose morals he would make bis pattern, and whose powers he feels most persuasive to righteousness, and is withdrawing from the ministry those tem poral rewards, which, proceeding from an approbation of their personal conduct, are an additional incitement to earnest and un remitting labors for the instruction of man kind ; that our civil rights have no depend ence on our religious opinions any more than our opinions of physics or geometry ; that therefore the proscribing any citizen as unworthy the public confidence, by lay ing upon him an incapacity of being called to offices of trust and emolument unless he profess, or renounce this or that religious opinion, is depriving him injuriously of those privileges and advantages, to which, in common with his fellow citizens, he has a natural right; that it tends only to cor rupt the principles of that religion it is meant to encourage, by bribing with a mo nopoly of worldly honors and emoluments, those who will externally profess and con form to it; that though indeed those are criminal who do not withstand such temp tation, yet neither are those innocent who lay the bait in their way; that to suffer the civil Magistrate to intrude his powers into the field of opinion, and to restrain the profession or propagation of principles on supposition of their ill tendency, is a dan gerous fallacy, which at once destroys all religious liberty, because he, being of course judge of that tendency, will make his opin ions the rule of judgment, and approve or condemn the sentiments of others only as they shall square with or differ front his own ; that it is time enough for the rightful purpose of Civil Government, for its officers to interfere when principles break out into overt acts against peace and good order; and finally, that Truth is great and will prevail if left to herself; that she is the proper and suff-dent antagonist to Error, and has nothin; *< fear from the conflict, unless by human : iterjwsltion disarmed of her natural weapons, free argument and de bate ; errors ceasing to be dangerous when it is permitted freely to con'radlot them. “ 2. Be it enact by the General Assem bly, That no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious worship or place of ministry whatsoever, nor shall be enforced, restrained, molested, or bur- thened in bis body and goods, nor shall be otherwise suffer on account of his religious opinions or belief; but that all men shall be free to profess, and. by argument to maintain tbeir opinions in matters of relig ion, and that the same shall in no wise di minish, enlarge or effect their civil capaci ties.” Sebastopol.—A Correspondent of the Bos ton Post, says that was half the military genius outside that there is inside of Sehas- il, the place could be taken in a fort- tlie lower pare of the city was tilled with arms; a lie, of course. These are the legit imate fruits of the present movement, and the authors are fully responsible for these outrages. Shall Louisville be quietly tur ned over to mob rule? is the question.— Hardly a night passes that we do not hear of outrages more or less voilent. Where are the city authorities? Shall we be obliged to call a meeting and organize a police of citizens? It is time.—Louisville Democrat. The Way It is Sure to Work. We learn that iu the late Democratic meeting, called for Judge Lumpkin at Can ton, Cherokee co., that the greatest disor der and confusion was produced by the dis respectful and insulting bearing of the K. N’s. It seems that there was a well under stood plan among them not to allow the Democratic speakers a hearing. Mr. Un derwood who rose to reply to Mr, Lester was greatly annoyed by the stampede of the order, who evinced by their flight more prudence than manners. We have just heard in addition to this, that at the meet ing of Fort Gaines, called for Gov. Johnson, “the strong American feeling” took offence at sumo things the speaker presumed to say, and that a large number of the crowd pitched into each other with knife and pis tol, causing serious injuries to a number of individuals. So we go in our downward march into the pit that Know Nothingism is digging for us. Manufacturing Know Nothing Speech es.—The day after the late Know Nothing meeting in the Park, the Herald contained what purported to be a report of a speech delivered on the occasion by Hon. E. P. Stanton, of Tennessee. Mr. Stanton has addressed the Herald a letter, in which he says: “ I was not in New York at the time of that meeting, and I wholly disclaim the sen timents of the speech attributed to me.— Moreover, 1 am not now, and I never have been, a member of the Know Nothing or American party, nor have I ever partici pated in any of their movements, secret or open, private or polit.cal.” Caps. J. R Swift. The New York Post publishes a long let ter, giving full details of the wreck of Col. Kinney in the Caycos Reefs. This letter makes honorable mention of the services of Capt. Swift, by whose masterly exertions the vessel had once before been preserved. His conduct at the time of the wreck is thus spoken of: “ Jn this connection the services of his ” (Col. Kinney) “coajutor, Capt. Swift, de serves especial attention. Ilis thorough seamanship, his coolness and unflagging energy, .»ere of invaluable service. He seemed entirely to forget his own safety in his anxiety to assist others.” Whot They Move Don*. We wish the Know Nothing party to cease for awhile the laudations of their platform and account to the South for the loss which they have occasioned her. Let what is now due be settled, before they draw further on our good will. We charge the American Party of having deprived Southern interests of the invaluable services of Augustus D xige. James Shields and other true men North, and with having substituted in their places individuals sworn enemies of uur in stitutions. With what assurance do they ask the support of Southern men, while such a record stands against them. AH that the Know Nothing party have done, they have done to our ruin. How can we forther trust them. K. It. Forty •» th*. Declln*. Jore Cleiuens, of Alabama, has written a letter, giving his temporary adherence to the mw party. [For the Atlanta Daily Intelligencer.] Hon. David Irwin. Messrs. Editors: As Judge Irwin is now a candidate for re-election, bis opinions and conduct are properly the subject of fair criticism. It is claimed by his friends that politics should have nothing to do with his election. If so, he surely ought to hare nothing to do with politics. The rule ought to work both ways. Has he been a politic ian or has he always stood aloof from poli tics? I supposed he will not detiy that he has always been a consistent Whig from the time that party took the name Whig till it was disbanded; that in 1840 he was a Harrison man, helped to defeat the Demo cratic party and rejoiced in its defeat; that in 1844 he was a candidate for election on the Clay ticket, and made political speeches and fought the Democracy to the extent of his ability; and that he saw with deep re gret the success of Mr. Polk and the defeat of Mr. Clay. Further, I suppose he will not deny, that in every election for Gover nor since 1840 he has, when Whig and Democrat was the issue, been uniformly for the Whig candidate; that in 1841 he sup ported Mr. Dawson, the Whig candidate, against Gov. McDonald, the Democratic candidate. In 1843 he supported Mr. Crawford, the Whig candidate, against Maj. Cooper, the Democratic candidate ; in 1845 he went for Crawford, the Whig can didate, against McAlister, the Democratic candidate ; in 1847 he went for Clinch, the Whig candidate, against Towns, the Demo cratic candidate; in 1849 he went for Hill, the Whig candidate, against Towns, the Democratic candidate. And in every elec tion for Congress; and in every other im portant election during the existence of the Whig party, it is believed without a single excepted case, he was uniformly against the Democracy, and that he has uniformly re gretted their triumph and rejoiced at their defeat. In the Union and Southern Rights issue, he was a Union man, took an active stand and was elected from his county a delegate to the State Convention, and in 1851 he was elected to the Bench. But did his connection with politics cease there, and is it true, as some of the hireling scribblers who write for him and some of his pets and favorites say, that he has taken no part in politics since he was elected Judge. The very reverse is true, for in 1852, the nex' year after be went on the bench, and while presiding as Judge, he run as a candidate for Elector on what was known as the Tu- galo ticket. What, he, a presiding Judge, running as a candidate of a political party for Presidential Elector, and still taking in. interest in politics, and, as some of his scribblers say, even shunning the company of politicians! But probably the Judge and his minions have forgotten all this.— Col. Brown, who was at the same time a candidate for fc lector on the regular Demo cratic ticket, beat the Judge so many thou sand votes that his II»nor probably prefers to forget it. I am not saying that the Judge was right or wrong iu all this, but 1 only mention these things to show that his tools, who are -Tying to deceive the people by writing long fuls.une eulogies on hisgre.it- uess, me insincere when they state that In is no politician. As 1 have shown he na il politician before he was elected to die bench, avid he has been a poll iciau since, ile was a decided Jenkins man against Guv. Johnson in the la-t election; but he is now with the Democracy, and will lie vo.e foi Johnson, or is he with the Dark Lantern parly of midnight conspirators, and will he vote for Andrews? The correct rule of judging a man is by the company lie keeps. Judge him by this rule, and where does lie stand? In the midst of the Know Nothing organization. Who are his leading sup porters ? The leading Know Nothings of the district. They rally to him as one man, and then ask the Democracy not to make the issue political. I would say to the Democ racy, do as the Know Nothings are doing in one respect—stand by your candidate. As a Democrat, he is always true. lie is an active, energetic, business man, an excellent lawyer, and will make a much better Judge than Judge Irwin. Col. Brown, if elected, will soon clear the dockets of the greai number of cases which have accumulated upon them by Judge Irwin’s want of busi ness qualifications. Judge Irwin’s slow- mode of doing business makes the expense of litigation double what it ought to be.— Put a Democrat upon the bench who will do the business as it ought to be done. That portion of Georgia which lies West of the Chattahoochee has been governed most of time by Whig Judges. The Democracy have a majority of several thousand, and have men of superior qu lilications. John son beat Jenkins in the last race over 1,600 votes in the Blue Ridge Circuit. It is time the Democracy had taken the matter in hand, and they will do it the 1st Monday in Oct her next, and elect a Democrat to the office who will discharge its duties ably and faithfully. PUBLIUS. Duelling In San Francisco. ‘Major Guliah O'Grady Gahgan, late of the II. E. I. Company’s service, has thehon- or t» inform the gentlemen of San Francis co of his arrival from Calcutta, and he offers them his professional services as a Duellist and Professor of the Code of Honor. ‘From his great experience and skill in his profession, having had the pleasure t-> be engaged in over four thousand ‘affairs of honor,’ and to have slain in personal com bat. during the past thirty years, two hun dred and thirty-eight gentlemen of high re spectability, Major Gahgan flatters himself that he shall be able to give satisfaction to the chivalry of San Francisco, and to con duct their little ‘affairs' with unequaled eclat. ‘In soliciting the patronage of this en lightened community. Major Gahgan has the honor to submit the following scale of fees, which he puts at such an exceedingly low figure as to place a duel in the power of gentlemen of the most- limited means. For demanding an apology, §3 00 Ditto, an abject ditto, 375 For letters on the subject of satisfaction, I 25 ‘For arranging and carrying through a hostile meeting, as follows : With duelling pistols, ten steps, §100 Ditto, furnishing pistols, amunition, sur geon, and carriages, §200 With rifles, thirty steps, 150 Ditto, with muskets, ditto, 150 With Colt’s revolvers, six shots, 200 Ditto, six pounders, field pieces, (artil- erv provided,) §500 ‘For settling satisfactory adifficulty, with out prejudice to the honor of either party, as follows: When the lie has been given, §100 When the expression d d rascal has been used, §75 Ditto, d-—d jackass, 50 When the nose has been pulled, 150 W hen a blow has l»een struck, 150 When a kick has been given, 175 Ditto, on or near the coat tails, 200 ‘As interference with a gentleman’s pro fession is an outrage by no means tn be tol erated, Major Gahgan deems it his duty to inform all gentlemen who may think prop er to engage in an affair of honor hereafter, whether as principals or seconds, without his assistance, that he will hold them per sonally responsible for so doing, in each aud every instance. •Fasting, as Liar, Coward, and Scoun drel, by card or placard, executed on the most reasonable terms, and elegible lots in the Line Mountain Cemetary provided for the unfortunate, or steamer tickets furnish ed the survivors for a small commission.— Addres> Mqjor Goliah O’Grady Gahgan, qor> ner of Clay and Leavenworth Streets nr_ 8tairs. F ‘Notices of the Press—From tho Bud declund Galaxy,,June the 15th, 1854 .fL fight yesterday between Major Gahgan and the lion. Fitz Roy Jobson, was one of the most beautifully conducted affairs we ever had the pleasure of witnessing." With five successive shots from a Colt’s revolver »h gallant Major removed his adversary’s’ fi v ! front teeth, and with the sixth took off, as cleanly as with a seapel, an inch and a half from the end of hiH nose, the profuse heaior. rhage ensuing, rendering Mr. Jobson, hors de combat for the nonce. “Major Gahgan attended the honorable company’s ball in the evening, when we saw him mingling in the mazes of the dance with Lady Emilie Jobson, ect., ect.’ ‘From the Calcutta Evening Journal Aug. 9th. 1854—‘The duel between the gal lant Major Gahgan and the Lord-Bishop Bengal, came off this morning at daylight and resulted in tho Bishop’s re&eiving aa ounce-ball on the pit of the stomach. On learn t ng t he nature of h is adversary's wound the Major wittily remarked that he was much to be pittied, adding that he would have winged the Bishop, but for fear of making an angel of him prematurely.’ ‘Hundreds of testimonials similar to the above may be seen by applying to Major G. O’G. G. at his office.’—Knickerbocker. Henry Clay’s Faintly Mansion* from his Son. •Letter The Louisville Journal recently contained an article censuring James B. Clay, £ S q, of Ashland, Ky., the son of “Harry of ti e Weal,” and speaking of him as the “young gentleman who tore down the old mansion of his immortal father, instead of leaving it to be resorted to and gazed on with emo tions of reverential awe by the men of future generations;” “is or has been selling the beams, rafters, posts, &c., of his glorious father’s old dwelling-house, to be manufac tured into walking sticks,” etc., etc. Mr. Clay replies to the attack of the Journal in a long letter. We quote a pot- tion of it: “But I am ‘the young gentleman who tore down the old mansion of hiH father in stead of leaving it to be resorted to,’ &c., <£e, Was not the mansion I tore down my man- sion? I did not inherit it from my father, but purchased it when offered by his execu tors at public auction to the highest bidder. I am grateful toanybody who ever pretends to feel an interest in my father’s memory; hut is it not fair to presume that I, his son, feel quite as much reverence for him, and anything that was his, as any other person? As aspersions, both public and private, have been made against me for thus pulling down my father’s old house, I am really glad to liaie a fair opportunity to make known how I came to be its owner, and why I determined to take it down, and to rebuild it. “For years previous to my father’s death, it was his great desire that 1 should pur chase Ashland. Knowing that the house would have to be rebuilt, he often said when speaking of it. ‘It will last my lifetime.’ When I left Kentucky to reside near St. L tiiis, he abandoned the hope of my pur chasing it with much regret, expressed in a letter now in my possession. Hearing of nis last illness and probably approaching death, I wrote to him—knowing that it would give him more happiness than alnnct any earthly thing—that 1 would give up a ] my prospects in Missouri, and that he might die satisfied, that, if I could help it, Ashland should not, in my lifetime at least, pass into the hands of strangers. After n y father’s death, my mother caused me to i e informed that she would have the place sold, with the view to my becoming the |itircha~er; that ihe whole place was ih a niiiious condition, hut that it would make her happy in her lifetime to know that it was not to go out of the family. I returmd o Kentucky and purchased it. Findiig he dwelling like must others built fifty odd vears ago, in a dilapidated condition, I call- oil on n competent architect to ascerta’n whether it was a safe residence for my fami ly ; it was pronounced to be unsafe; and, moreover, that it would tumble down of it self in a very few years. L’rider these eit- c imstances. 1 determined to rebuild it in a s vie suitable to my own taste, and not wholly unworthy of my father. In this connection I will also say that I am not a very young gentleman, being nearly forty years of age. “I consider the last charge made in the Journal's editorial as by far the must grave, and if it were true in the sense intended, I should feel myself unworthy to possess my father’s house; unworthy to be a Ken tuckian ; and should be willing tu fly to some remote corner of the earth, to hideuiy vile and dishonored head. I should in that case, as I do now, protest against that iicense which is not the liberty, but the vile and unmanly abuse of the liberty of the press, which can allow an editor or editors to prostitute the columns of a public journal to comment upon the private condnct of private men with respect to their private property. The charge that I have sold one inch of the old lumber of my father’s house, with a view to my private profit, is utterly and unqualifiedly false. I have freely given it when it has been asked, and I have re peatedly refused to sell it, when informed it was to be used for profit. Much of it has been stolen, and I have been greatly annoy ed by persons coming to my place and car rying away whatever they fancied, either front the old house, or plants and growing shrubs, without asking the permission of any one. At last it occurred to me that I mighr put some of the old lumber that was use less to me to a good and worthy use. I de termined to have some little articles made as souvenirs of Ashland, from the old roof trees ; that I would cause them to he placed with a friend in Lexington, to be sold, with tlie understanding with him, that the proceeds, after paying the cost of construc tion, should he donated to some public char ity. I accordingly employed a cabinet maker, himself almost an object of charity, as he said, in the-e hard times, to make some boxes. About 140 have been made, and 100 canes, of which some six or eight boxes only hitherto have been sold. 1 have good hope, however, that the residue will lie, and at a profit which may next Winter, gladden the hearts of some few poor widows and orphans. Except what have been wild • f the-e boxes and canes deposited with Mr. John Wilson for sale, and for the purpose stared, the man who says I have sold one particle of the old timber of my fathers, is a liar and a villain—and I, before bod, pronounce him to be so. The Kentucky Yeoman thus notices the manly, patriotic stand taken hy lloti.onines B. flay in the present political crisis. “Mr. Clay ha- d c ared himself we un derstand, in lav r of the Pent >craiic ticket in the present conflict, an I while it iej"i ces the Know Nothing heart of lion, bur rett Davis to its inmost core—to u>e his o" D nlirarses—to hear that Andrew Jackson Donelson, nepew of old Mrs. Jackson, J®’ sworn allegiance to Sam, and made a * J" don speech, wo of the Democratic party c® 11 point with a nobler pride to the MV Pjjj sition assumed by the son and heir "t <’ Hal. Donelson lias not a^drop of olu 1 jc : ory s blond in bis ve ns. but the son of rv Clay is ‘bone of his bone and^flesh '' u ‘ j fiesii’of that old statesman. V-mug '• 1 acquired his political opinions from a ll '' ’ ! I - wY:.. L _fr.i,n the gr<w [ and pure Whig source—from fountain of the Whig principles. -— bihed them with his mother’s milk- has treasured up, and now stands gullan in defiance of. his father’s precepts. there a man who blames the son lor v en ating the memory of his father—of sUC father?” Young Jerome Bonaparte.— H' e ‘ 1 bile Tribune publishes an extract tro a letter from M’uie. Le V ert, dated ” iir - June26, in which she says: Tell M. his friend Jerome Bonaparts greatly distinguished himself, and has clo^ great honor to his West Point trainin ^’; g lie is the aid of one of the generals, a' 11 the medium of communication between French mid English, as he speaks the languages equally well. He is , the midst of battle, and has had two nor- » shot under hint, but as yet has esoapw wound. The Emperor is proud of m • and the Frepch cail him the “brave Am® uaa Bonaparte.”