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OKlTior
Delivered by Maj. 800 111, at the celehrntion
oi the late anniversary of our Indt -pendente,
in Macon.
fallow Citizens:
Called by you of your Committee,
to a station so important as the present,
it is with commingled emotions of un
feigned timidity, and heart-felt joy,
that I address you. Duly impressed
w ith a sense of my own weakness,ami
the magnitude of the subject, 1 am al
most ready to shrink from the task
imposed on me, and indeed nothingj
but that patriotic ardoui which should |
inflame the bosom of every American ;
Freeman, could impel me to appear J
before so respectable an audience, in ;
my present capacity. Hut I must ex-;
pect that indulgence Iso much need, I
and I hope that my yea!, youth, and
inexperience will be a sufficient apo-|
Iniry for the feeble efforts of your hum
ble speaker. The glorious manner in
which this day has been ushered into
existence, the joy depicted on every j
countenance, ami this festive convoca-l
tion, all conspire to announce the re-,
turn of some joyous anniversary. Wc
have not assembled, mj friends, to
raise heartless cries ami joyless accla-;
mations on the birth day or coronation
of a proud oppressor or tyrannical des
pot, but to celebrate with the sponta
neous effusions of the heart, the anni
versary of the 4th of July, 1770, the
grand jubilee of American independ
ence; the brightest era in the annals
of history; the day A/vvhich the sun
of American Liberty rose resplend
ant! Rejoice then, ye freemen, and
be exceeding glad ! After the destruc
tion of Roman freedom, the genius of
Liberty wandered over the political
world, cheerless and abandoned, for
like Noah’s dove, she had not where
on to test her wearied foot, till wing
ing her flight across the billows of the
Atlantic, she sought a refuge in the
’Twas then that our forefa
thers, the gallant founders of the Ame
rican Colonies, borne down by oppres
sion, galled by the yoke of European
servitude, anil stung by the arrows of
superstition’s fanaticism, determined
to brave the dangers of an unknown
land, and seek a respite from oppres
sion in the bosom of the Western for
cst—“ with no guide but their inno
cence, no protector but their God, the
canopy of Heaven their covering, the
cold earth their bed.” The genius of
liberty met them bearing th e cornu co
jj'ta in one hand, and the olive branch
in the other, and conducted them to
the fertile plains of America, and “10,
the desert smiled,” and “ the wilder
ness blossomed as the rose.” Ihe to
mahawk and scalping-knife of the na
tive were thrown aside, the peaceful
arts of civilization were substituted
for savage ferocity ; churches and ci
ties rose in the desert, and our forefa
thers found that for which they had so
long sought in vain in the old world—
the free and undisturbed liberty of
conscience, far from European refine
ment, and unfettered with the thral
dom ofEuropean priestcraft, Hot the
quiet enjoyment of their hard-earned
blessings was destined to be but tran
sitory. The haughty monarch of Bri
tain, grown insolent from impunity,
had long viewed with envy, the rising
greatness of his Western colonies, and
like the fabled serpent, determined
to crush them in their infancy.—
Repented aggressions were heaped up
on them,the tax-gatherers sent amongst
them; manifold petitions answered on
ly by aggravated insults, till at length
oppression passed the point of forbear
ance ; the unalterable determination
was formed ; the thundering veto went
forth, that “a Prince whose character
was thus marked by every act that
could define a tyrant, was unfit to be
the ruler of a free people.”
The sages of ’7O, mutually pledging
to each other “ their lives, their for
tunes, anil their sacred honor,” for
the support of their Declaration, de
termined to be free or die. Thus,
without shield or buckler, unused to
human butchery, inexperienced in the
arts of war, did the infant Colonies of
America dare to raise their arm, and
grapple with the power of haughty
Britain, then the t *rror of the civilized
world. Her coft'ers were drained to
obtain the hireling slaves of every pet
ty European Prince ; a horded myr
midons were turned loose amongst us,
and unused as we were to the horrors
ol civil war, we were destined to be
its Hut “ the battle is not
to the strong, nor the race to the
switt.” With the god-like Washing
ton, the temporal vicegerent of the
Most High at her head,did young Ame
rica effectually face the oppressor of
her country. Cool, collected, firm,
vigorous and self-balanced, their lead
er stood, like an eagle upon the rocks
of Norway's coast, defying with equal
composure, the tempest that raved,
and rent the atmosphere above, and
Pbthe ‘i'h'WH of the surging element that
Btowired, aid din-lied,and roared below.
Guided by the light of Heaven, and
the genius of Liberty, he led our ar
mies on to victory. The Lord was
with us, and we prevailed. Peace was
again restored to our distracted coun
try, the murkey clouds of war were
cleared from our political horizon and
we assumed an independent station
among the nations of the earth. Ihe
sword and the spear were converted
into the plough-share and the pruning-
Imok ; our ships whitened every sea;
the sails which had so long idly flap
ped against the masts in our harbors,
were unfurled, and our commerce was
carried to every clime. Hut the ex
perience of ages lias proved that wars
are necessary to the preservation of
national greatness. After thirty years
of peace aad unparallelled prosperity,
the United States were again alarmed
by the tocsin of war. The demon ol
domestic strife, reared its gorgeous
crest amongst us, and disaffection,that
noxious weed which had not yet been
entirely eradicated in our country,
again shot forth in its most luxuriant
growth. The storm which bad so long
been gathering now burst upon us in
all its horrors. The invading Lion
again reared its head on our shores ;
our soil was again polluted with the
harpy-touch of the mercenary toe, the
marauding savages were again let
loose among us, and incited to acts of
barbarism by every inducement that
refined barbarity and studied cruelty
could devise. No age, no sex, no con
dition, was free from their ravages. —
The widow’s wail, the virgin’s shriek,
the infant’s trembling cry, was music
in their ears. ’Twas then our suffer
ing country bled at every pore. For a
while victory seemed to perch on the
red cross of Britain. Hut this success
was evanescent and transitory,and the
scenes of Tensaw and Hampton arous
ed every latent energy of the country,
and the spirit of ’7O again re-anima
ted the American soldiery they
rushed forward to retrieve the wound
ed honor of Columbia, as in the time
that tried mens’ souls, and might ap
pal the sunshine warrior and windy
patriot, when a cloud of enemies were
hanging on our coast.we saw on every
heart a shield, and every hill a for
tress. ’Twas then our country’s great
ness was truly conspicuous; ’twas
then that Europe and the world saw
that freemen fighting for liberty,are not
to be opposed by the hireling slaves
of every mercenary Prince who wish
es to bask in the sunshine of magiste
rial favor; ‘twas then that our govern
ment was fixed on a basis, firm and
immoveable, and our country made
the political land-mark of future ages.
The plains of Chippewa and Orleans
sealed British discomfiture and Ame
rican freedom. Her greatness is such
as tombs cannot inurn, or revolutions
alter, for her glory is recorded on the
adamant of history—and on this glo
rious anniversary, whilst celebrating
the birth day of our national greatness
and paying a just tribute of respect to
the memory of departed heroes, our
grateful hearts should reverberate the
praises of the all-wise Disposer of hu
man events for the peculiar happiness
of our situation.
\Y hen looking over the political
mass of the world,and comparing ours
to the situation ©f other couutries,
may we not exclaim, happy, proud,
America ! Where shall we look for
thy parallel P Mere alone do we en
joy, free and undisturbed, the free
dom of speech and the liberty of the
press ; a privilege which can never be
destroyed, save by the licentiousness
of those who wilfully destroy it. “ No!
it is not in the arrogance of power, it
is not in the artifices of law ; no, it
is not in the fatuity of Princes ; no, it
is not in the venality of Parliaments,
to ttush this mighty, this majestic
privilege; reviled, it will remonstrate,
murdered, it will revive, buried, it
will re-ascend : the very attempt at
its oppression will prove the truth of
its immortality, and the atoms that
presumed to spurn, will fade away
before the trump of its retribution.”—
Without it,every treasure impoverish
es, every grace deforms, every digni
ty degrades, and all the arts, the dec
oiations, and accomplishments of life
stand like the beacon blaze upon the
rock, warning the world that its ap
proach is danger, that its contact is
destruction. “ The wretch without is
under an eternal quarantine, with no
friend to greet, to honor, to harbor
him ; the voyage of his lile becomes a
joyless peril, and in the inidst of all
that ambition can achieve, or avarice
amass, or rapacity plunder ; he tosses
on the surge, a buoyant pestilence.”—
Where then shall we look for a paral
lel to our happy country. Shall we
look for it in the land of Cincinnatug,
of a Brutus ? There we shall see the
Pontiff placed at the very pinnacle of
human elevation, gorgeous with the
accumulated dignity of ages, surroun
ded by the pomp of the Vatican, and
the splendours of the court, pouring
the mandates of Jehovah from the
thrones of the Ceesars. Look to France
chained, and plundered, weeping over
the tomb of her hopes and her heroes,
undulating between sceptical infideli
ty and superstitious fanaticism, with
a family forced upon them,whom mis
fortunes could.teach no mci cy, or ex
perience wisdom —vindicative in pros- j
perity, servile in deteat, timid in the I
field, vaccillating in the cabinet, sus
picion among themselves, discontent
among their lollowers ; their memo
ries tenacious, but ot the punishment
they had provoked ; their piety active
but in subserviency of their priesthood,
their power passive but in the subjuga
tion of their people. Look to England
once the pride of Europe and the ad
miration of the world, headed by a tu
tored aristocracy,her poor-house crow
ded, eaten by the cancer of her public
debt, she stands, “ but the relic of
what was, the solemn and sublime me
mento of what must be.” Shall we
look for a parallel in the countries ot
Leonidas and Aristides? Alas ! the
search would be equally vain. There
the almost expiring lamp of Liberty
seems to be flickering in its socket,
and they are threatened with an eter
nal and impenetrable gloom. The
days of Grecian glory are as if they
had never been, and the story of her
achievements lives only in song. Oh 1
indeed posterity will pause with won
der on the melancholy page which
shall pourtray the story ot a people,
against whom the policy of man lias
waged an eternal warfare with the
Providence of God, blighting into de
formity all that was beauteous, and in
to famine all that was abundant.—
Look to Saxony, to Norway, but above
all to Poland,that speaking monument
of regal murder and legitimate ’•obbe
ry. There the only hopes of liberty
lies buried beneath Warsaw’s smoking
ruins;
“Forfreedom shriek'd when Kosciusko fell.”
Turn your attention then to Catho
lic, Spain. See the lamentable degra
dation of Castilians. They roused a
while irom their torpor by intolerable
oppressions—they made a short and
de.-perate resistance against pampered
legitimacy. But alas ! the arm of the
Holy Alliance, that curse of Europe,
prevailed, and the ardent hopes of
Spanish Freedom were blasted. The
powers of the Inquisition were again
restored with redoubled horrors, the
sweet spirit f Christianity was turn
ed loose among them, and converted
into a monsler, in form “ a fury, and
in act a demon, her heart festered
w ith the fires of hell, her hands clot
ted with the gore of earth, withering
alike in her repose, and in her pro
gress, her path apparent by the print
of blood, and her power denoted by
the expanse of desolation.” ‘] he old
monarch,their servile oppressor,cloth
ed with unlimited power, a wretch
whom no philosophy can humanize,
no charity soften, no religion reclaim,
no miracle convert, a monster who is
bending under the crimes of earth,
erects his murderous divinity upon a
throne of sculls.
Where then shall we look for a sis
ter Republic r a land in which the hu
man race enjoy the privillges of free
men. Europe is bound by the mon
ster of Legitimacy, and oppressed
with an ilolv Alliance, a league of
Kings, unhallowed and mysterious,
bound by compacts which must not
be known, and fenced by bayonets
which cannot be resisted.
Greece is manacled with the fetters
of ignorance and barbarism, and her
sons trampled on by the “ servile,
mindless, and inervate Ottoman.” Is
Liberty then doomed to a certain por
tion of the Globe? Has her bounds
been circumscribed? “Oh no! the
citizen of every clime, the friend of
every color, she walks abroad in the
übiquity of her benevolence, alike
to her the varieties of faith and the vi
cissitudes of country ; she has no ob
ject but the happiness of man, no
bounds but the extremities of crea
tion.” ‘/lien,Oh Europe ! arise from
your lethargic slumbers, assume the
station due to the native dignity of
man ; sleep no longer under the bonds
of oppression; burst the manacles of
superstition and priestcraft; crush the
monster of Legitimacy ; unmanacle
the slave ; unsreptre the despot; raise
an altar on the Inquisitions grave ;
create constitutions, beneath whose
ample arch every human creature,“no
matter what his sect, his color, or his
clime, may stand sublime in the digni
ty of manhood.” Remember the con
test is for your children, your country,
and your God. But though Europe is
groaning under thw chains of despo
tism,the votaries of freedom are cheer
ed with bright prospects o( Liberty on
this side the Atlantic.
Behold the situation of Spanish Ame
rica. The tyranny of the old world
there from its cradle to its decline,has
been the indelible disgrace of Chris
tianity and of Europe. It was born in
fraud, baptized in blood, aud reared
by rapine, /’lie natives, the legal oc
cupants of the soil, driven ofl’or exter
minated, their children murdered
without distinction of sex, the minis
ters of their faith expiring amid tor
tures, the person of their Inca quiver
ing in death on a burning furnace,and
“ the most excusable of all idolitries, J
their consecrated sunbeam clouded
by the murky smoke of an Inquisi
tion, streaming with human gore, and
raised upon the ruins ol all they held
holy.” But the reins by which Spain
held her colonies in subjugation, at
length gave way. I lie lamp of lioev
tv, kindled by the immortal Washing
ton and his com-palriots of the North
illumined the darkness ot the South,
and rising in the plenitude of their
might, the patriots of South America
burst the bauds ot oppression, rentas
sunder the manacles of priestcraft,
and dissolved the charm of the hellish
Inquisition. Oh Spain ! attempt not
the subjugation of your sons ; forge
no fetters for freemen, for Colombia
must be free, llail! Republic of Co
lombia ! Sister of the South', child of
Heaven, hail! Methinks 1 see you
rear aloft your form on the plains oi
Peru, bearing the Bible in one band,
and the doctrine of universal emanci
pation in the other. Persevere in the
course you have commenced ; play
well your part in this grand political
drama! convince Europe and the
world that you are worthy the favors
of freemen ! Plant the banner of green
a Jibe summit oi the Andes ! May
victory guide, and mercy ever follow
it. Should you triumph the consum
mation will be liberty, and in such a
contest should you even perish, it will
be as martyrs perish, in the blaze of
your own glory. “Yes! you shall
sink like the Peruvian whom you will
seek to liberate, amid the worship ot
a people, and the tears oi the world, ’
and you shall rise refulgent and im
mortal in the bright regions of eternal
day, where
“ No alternate night is known.”
From the New York Spectator.
Bv the arrival of the ship Euphrates
the following intelligence has been re
ceived.
Portugal. —lt appears that the
Queen and the Infant Don Miguel, in
tended to deprive the King of his
royal authority, and the latter who is
Commander in-Chief of the army, was
to have been declared Regent on the
29th May, when the friends of the
Royal Family, celebrated the fete of
the Princess Beira, now in Spam, on
which occasion the British Ambassa
dor gave a Grand Ball. £onie move
ments during the night excited suspi
cions, that all was not as it should be
and at day break, to the surprise of
the public, the great square of Lisbon
was filled with troops, and the Infant
Don Miguel was at their head. It
was rumoured that an attempt had
been made in the night to assassinate
the King; that many persons were
implicated in the plot formed lor that
purpose j and that Pampelona, Count
de Parate, Count Villi ilor, and other
distinguished persons who enjoyed
the royal confidence, and had been
declared partizans of the Court, had
been apprehended as conspirators. A
new Minister of Police was appoin
ted ; the King was shut up, and the
uumber of arrests and imprisonments,
of distinguished persons, was from
200 to 300. AH access to the King
was denied nntil the Diplomatic Corps
assembled in a body, and demanded
an interview. —He was found in a
distressing state of mind and, igno
rant of what had been going lorward.
The attendance of the Prince was re
quested, and on his arrival, the hor
eign Ministers made a lull exposure
of the views of the Queen’s party, and
various trivial excuses were made by
liis Royal Highness, which, however,
had no weight with the Ambassadors,
who insisted that an order should be
sent in the king’s name, to disperse
the troops, 6lc. which was complied
with, and before night appeared to be
tolerably quiet. The Queen had
come from Quelez early in the morn
ing fully expecting to hear the Intant
l)on Miguel proclaimed Regent, and
was at /Jemposta when theabuve con
sultation took place.
As late as the sth of May, univer
sal distrust prevailed. Don Miguel
still had command ot the troops —the
prisons were crowded, and the arres
ted persons dispatched in squads to
the country, to make room lor new
successions of prisoners: that the
Minister Subserni (Pamplona) had ta
ken refuge on board the British fit
gate Lively ; and that the king’s per
son was considered in so much dan
ger, as to make it necessary to prepare
the ship V\ indsor Castle lor his recep
tion in the hour of need ! The king,
it appears, has riot been actuully de
posed by his son and w ife : but yet lie
nas been obliged to issue proclama
tions, approving of their at ts and con
demning to ’punishment those whom
they had condemned. (Air journal
contains a proclamation of that nature.
It is dated on the 4th inst. In this
his Majesty is made to sav that the
Prince w , as “ under the necessity of
having recourse to ‘ arms,’ and that
the danger of the cases would not al
low time to him to consult his father. A
dangerous concession, we should think.
Algiers remained in a o , 5
blockade.
Lord Byron is no more. flj
with the mighty dead ! ‘iC,’ ;' e K
done with his faults and , ■
lie perished in a cause wonw®
fame and genius ;—Greece (i,„ ■
ject oi his earliest and sweetest S "M
employed .his latest efforts. r “‘“m
of the Literary world will be i.'ilu’B
ed by the news of the destrun, ■!
his life, written by himself fl
which it is said he had handle
self with a severity few men a:e
The Greeks have request ■
obtained the heart of ] jon |
which will be placed in a Manc.rjj
in that country, the liberation o f'S'!
was his last wish. His body
brought to England. * 11 b
This “ favoured child of G en j„..
died at Missolonghi on the Ifitfi \ *’•
after an illness of 10 days. Hj’j! 11
order was a cold attended withA”
matic inflamatory fever— Hew/
about 37 years. The death
Byron is the cause of great grief a Us
the Greeks. A general mourn'm!?”
been ordered for twenty one j a
ami a cessation of all public aß# a “
ments. If his personal servicesi”
not have been great to the Greet
still “ his name was to them a
by giving a confidence to multi
of foreigners to engage in their
Bells [London] Weekly .Mes st(
says, “ It appears evident that tut Ei
Emperor Yturbide has left Ey a
for Mexico, the pi ace of his birth* an
the country of his short lived 4,j n
ion. He has w ritten a letter to pre
pare his friends for the event, ln Jh
explain his motive. He sailed f ro -
Southampton on the 11 th inst.” ,
Among the several criminal
lately executed in London, was
young man convicted of forgery
who had squandered, in eight yeari
upwards of two hundred andtwen
ty-two thousand dollars!
From the Irish Observer.
Hanged or not hanged or Fmim
veracitij.
Sir : A paper called the Lime
rick Chronicle, which was receive!
in the county of Cork, on the lOtl
of April, stating that I washing
on that clay, which was the caus
of great grief and other incooveti
ience to toy relations, the O’SuHi
| vans, in that County.—Now, th
is to request that your W’orsh
would be so good as to allow a
to say contrary to any’ thing that a
Limerick Chronicle may alleget
that effect,that I am not hangedoo
was not hanged, upon that day
: for I am still alive,and well that!
; God —though the Chronicle was so
: good as to give my dying deck*
tions.
Now., Sir, further to prove that
I am alive, I beg your pardwto
state that the paper, as I am told,
which gave an Recount ofmyexe*
’ cution at two o'clocks w’as printed
eleven the same day, and this, I
think, is full confirmation of the
. fact of my being aliye, seeing that
’ the gentlemen of the
newspaper, could not know3t e-e
----ven what took place at two.
So. sir, your hurvtde servant to comm'”
THOMAS O'SUUI’* 5
County Gaol, Limerick, April HO, h'- 1
Nota Bene, my first cousin, Mortv
went into mourning, and Judy, mv anr ,”
lerwas inurthered w ith the griet. “
comes of false news, sir.
Extract of a letter from But™ I
Ayres , April s. —“ We have
Governor here, Gen. Los h frisl |
brave and faithful soldier, *1
worthy man. • . I
“ The news from Lima is
but by a letter transmitted to I
from young Mr. Prevost, itapr- 31- J
not to be so unfavourable * I
first represented. Bolivar is * ll I
at Truxillo, with near 13,000
The royal forces are said by soin . I
to amount to about 23,000 thou? I
bv others to not more than L< I
The Franklin sailed in great W
on receiving the news, from I
paraiso for Callao, the senpor I
Lima. 1 have great confident
Bolivar.”
Columbia Republic.— AcnJ fl j s
from Carraccas of the 27th ’
state that the churches in that
had been illuminated for a m>
of successive evenings in ‘ c0 ’
quence of his holiness the
having formally recognr/e
Independence of Colombia.
Judge Vanness of
is rumoured will receive j to ,
pointment of minister to
Mr. Poinsett was spoken ot j {
young u god of war” () Pl lo J ;icatfs
on the grounds that u lie Q .
his seat in Congress an oki
crat friendly to the regu ar
inations will be submitted.