Newspaper Page Text
CAL Elf DA R I OR 1 Si 7.
*yJS ? £ g
§. § §• Sf | §.
§ J” g; I
JANUARY. 12 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 23 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
FEBRUARY. 1234667
8 lO 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
MARCH. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
g 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31
APRIL. 12 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30
MAY. * 2
3456 7 6 9
10 11 12 13 (4 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
JUNE. 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 It U 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30
JULY. 1234
5 6 7 8 9 10 U
12 U 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 21 25
26 27 29 29 30 31
AUGUST. 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 11 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
SEPTEMBER. 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
OCTOBER. I 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 (0
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 23 23 21
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
NOVEMBER. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 !7 18 19 20 21
21 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30
DECEMBER. 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 II 12
13 14 16 16 17 19 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30 31
DOMESTIC.
Tlxe Present Condition of tlie Army.
Aujctant General's Orrirz. a
vV AKiineto*, Dec. 5, 1846. 5
Sib, —In obedience to your instructions,l have the
honor herewith to submit the following statemeuta and
returns of the Army :
1. Tabular view of organization, marked A.
2. General return of the Regular army, U.
3. Position and distribution of the troops in the
eastern division, U.
4. Position and distribution of tbe troops in the
western division, D.
5. A tabular statement of the whole number of re
cruits enlisted from October 1, 1845, to Sept. 30, IS
46, E.
I lie authorized regular force (officers and men) is
16.988, and u constituted aa follows:
•V on com,
officer a,
musician a, Af-
Designation of Corps and C am. artificers, gre-
Trooos of the Line. officers, privates, gale.
General officers G
General staff if
Medical department - . - 71
Pay department ----- 13 J<j
Officers of ihe corpa of engineera 43
Ofticera of the corps of topograp
ical engineers 36 —. 36
Officers of the ordnance depart
ment ---*2B 03
Military etoiekeepera - - .
Aggregate 261
Two regimenla ot dragoon* - 68 2,230 2,298
One regiment mourned riflemen 34 765 799
Four regiment* ofarlilery - - 172 4,460 4,6n0
Egitht regiment* ol infantry - 261 8,832 9'0%
Aggregate trooas of tbe line 538 16,315 16,853
One company of engineer aoldiere,
(eappers, miner*,and potouiers,)
Ordnance sergeata - - - -
Aggregate of th* authorized
regular lorco 799 16,460 16,998
The actual lorce in service, commissioned officers
and men, ia 10,381 —having a deficiency of 6,958 to
b* recruited.
The mechanics and Isborera belonging to the Ord
nance Department, not being restricted in number by
law, are not included in the foirgmng exhibit. The
number now ia 309.
gineiiax, abd bt are orrirr.ns or tue volunteer
ruacaa is th a navies or ts* ijitf.ii statu.
General otiicera g
Quartermaster's Department, 7 majors, 26 captains. 33
Commissary’s Drpaitment, 7 majors, 22 captains, 29
Medical Department, 22 surgeons, 24 assistant
aurgeona, gg
Additional Paymasters (under the 26tb section,
act of July 5, 1838)
Total general and staff officers provided for the
volunteer hoops in commission at ibis time 133
thi abut in campaign.
The army in Mexico has been augmented during the
yesr by recruits and detachments ol regular troop*
drawn horn various points, and by numerous regiments
ol twelve months’ volunteers.
I he land force* employed in prosecuting the war
may be estimated as follows :
nr.ocLAßs
In the field, officers and men, including gen
eral ataff 6,813
Troups at sea, and unJer onlers to join th# army 1,098
Recruit* en route fur th* seat of wur - - - 702
Aggiegat* regulars in campaign • • 8,473
vstraTiaas.
In the field 15,745
At sea, lor California 7gg
Aggregate volunteers in campaign • • 16,511
1 ho icgulsr fore# 011 active fielJ seivica is cunipos
fd of the following rraimrnl*
Ist Diagoons, 8 companies - - . 560 3
2d do 10 do .... 723 3 *>*B3
Ist Aitiltry, 8 companies.. • - - CO9T
3d do 9 do . . . . 787 I
- do 8 do ... . 660 f
4tb do 8 do .... 650 J
Ist Infantry, 4 companies ... 188~\
2d do 9 do .... 687 |
3d do 6 do ..... 319 |
■tth do 6 do ... • 332 l ...
6th do 6 do 343 1
6th do 4 do ... . 326
7th do 6 do 326
Bth do 6 do 378^
Rifle regiment, 9 companies . . . 665 665
Company us engineer soldiers . . . 71 71
Reciuilszo rou/ 762 782
8.385
Tha volunteers employed in the war consist of twen
ty-seven regiments and two companies, of which five
regiments are cavslry or mounted men and twemtv
two infantry, except a part of on* battalion,of which
two of rha companies are field artillery.
On the 2let us September, it appasra by tha state
mrnt then aubmittsd to the Secretary of War that the
volunteer fore* m the field (twelve month*’ men) a
iGun!' 1 d 10 23,101 cffirera and men, of tha
I general officers anJ staff provided for the irregular
troops. This force, it is seen, does not now exceed
| 16.500. if the data upon which tbe strength of tbe at
| my is based be tolerably coriect.
DISTRIBUTION MB TUG AEMT IN CAMVAIGN.
i Army under command or orders of Major General
Taylor:
Regular troop# ....... 5,663
En route to Mexico 96*
Recruit* en mute ...... 792
Regulars ......... 7.406
Volunteer troops ...... 10,926
Aggregate - ... 18,332
Under Brigadier General Wool, charged with
Ibe conduct of a separate division:-
Regular troops ..... 621
Volunteers 2,939-2,660
UnJer Brigadier General Kearney, charged
with the conduct of a separate division in
New Mexico and California: —
Regular troop* - - - - - - 446
Volunteers ...... 3,546-3.992
Aggregate force employed in tbe field 24,984
Os this force (24,984) 8,473 are of the regular army
and 16,511 volunteers.
RECOMMENDATION TO INCREASE THE
ARMY AND APPOINT A LIEUT. GENERAL.
Tbe SPEAKER laid before the House the follow
ing message Irom t lie Prrsidcnl of the United States:
which was read and referred to tbe Committee on Mil
itary Affairs, and ordered to be printed :
V\ ashikoton, December 29, 1844.
To the Senate and House if Representatives .-
in order to prosecute tbe war against Mexico with
vigor sr>d success, it ia necessary that authority be
promptly given by Congress to increase the regular
army, and to leniedy existing defects ia ito oigamza
tion. With this view your favorable attention is in
vited to the annual report of tbe Secretary of War,
which accompanied my message of the Bth instant, in
which Ire recommends that ten additional regiments of
regular troops shall be raised to serve during the war.
Os the additional regiments of volunteers which have
been called for from seveial of the Slates, some have
been promptly raised, but Ibis has not been the case
in regard to all; tbe existing law, requiring that they
should be organized by the independent action of ihe
Stale Government, lias in some instances occasioned
considerable delay, and it is yet uncertain when the
troops requited can be ready for service in the field.
It is our settled policy to maintain, in time of peace,
as .mail a regulaAaraiy aa the exigencies of the pu!4c
service will permit\ In a state of wae, notwithstanding
the great advantages with which our volunteer citizen
soldiers can be bioughl into Ihe Grid, this small regu
lar army must he increased in its numbers in order to
render the whole force more efficient.
Additional officers as well as men then become in
dispensible. Under the circumstances es oui service,
a peculiar propriety exists for increasing the officers,
especially in the higher grade*. The number of such
ofiiceis who, from age and other causes, a>e rendered
incapable of active service, in Ihe field, has seriously
impaired the efficiency of ihe army.
From the report of the Secrets'y of War, it appears
that about two-lhirds of the whole regimental field offi
cera are either permanently disabled, or are riectssarilv
detached fiom their commands on other duties. The
long enjoyment of peace has prevented us from expe
riencing much embarrassment from this cause ; but
now, in a slate of war, conducted in a foreign country,
it has produced serious injury to the public service.
An efficient organization of the army, composed or
regulars and volunteers, whilst prosecuting the war in
Mexico, it is believed, would require the appointment
of a general officer to take command of alt our military
forces in Ihe field.
Upon th- loncluaion of the war the services of such
an officer would no longer be necessary, and should be
dispensed with upon the reduction of the army to a
peace establishment.
I recommend that provision be made by law for the
appointment of such a general officer, to serve during
the war.
It is respectfully recommended that early action
should be had by Congress upon the suggestions sub
mitted lor their consideration, as necessary to ensure
active and efficient service in prosecuting the war be
fore the present favorable season for military opeiations
in the enemy’s country shall have passed away.
JAMES K. POLK.
From the National Intelligencer Jan. 6, *
WHAT NEXT?
If any judgment may be safely pronounced upon the
incident* of the last three days, the Executive of the
United States has entirely lost the confidence of the
popular branch ol Congress ; not that of the parly op
posed to the Administration, which it could hardly be
supposed to have possessed, but of the party to which
itself belongs. To such an extent doe* Ihe distrust of
Executive recommendation prevail, that it acema hard
ly possible that any one of them should succeed.
Yesterday was marked in the House of Representa
tives by an occurrence more directly disrespectful to a
distinct and express recommendation of tbe President
in r ferenre to the conduct of the Mexican war, than
even tbe vote of Ssturudy against the proposed War
Taxes, or the proposition on Monday, from a Demo
cratic quarter, for a Mission of Peace.
On Monday the President haj, in a special Message,
recommended, among other things, the addition to the
Army of a General Officer (a Lieutenant General) to
serve during the war, to command all the force* of ev
ery description engaged in it; and the Message was
referred to the Committee on Military Allans in each
House. Immediately on the opening of the sitting of
the House of Representatives yesterdsy morning, the
Chairman of the Military Committee of the House,
(Mr. Haralson) moved, under instructions from bis
committee, (con*.sting of six gentlemen of the Dumo
critic party and three Whig*,) that thecommiliee be
] discharged from the further consideration of so much
; of said Message aa recommend* the authoiitation of the
appointment of Lieutenant General, and that it be or
■ dered to lie on the table ; and, without a word of debate,
j was ordered, without an audible dissenting vole, to
lie on the table !
What is to be done next, we have not an idea.
How should we, after what has occurred since the firat
day of this new year ?
The Secretary es the Treasury officially declares to
(h* Chancellor of the Exchequer (as John Randolph
used to term the Chairman of the Committee of Way*
and Means) that, without the imposition of duties on
two certain free articles, ba cannot possibly obtain by
loan any money to csrty on the Government. The
House us Representatives, being apprized by the Exec
; uiiv* organ of this communication by the Secretary,
j declares, on the next day of its meeting, by a vote of
i more than two to one, that it will lay no such taxes.
The Piesident and tbe government paper simulta
neoualy urge upon Congress the vigoious prosecution
of the 14or, and one of the most influential membeis
of the party which elected the President forthwith pre
sent# s motion to appropriate money to defray the ex
pense for a proposed negotiation for Reace, and cornea
within one vot# of carrying it I
Thirdly. The President recommends, as his lead-
I ing measure for giving the greatest possible efficiency
to the Army in the war, th# establishment of th* office
of Lieutenant-General, (or perhaps Field Marshal)
i and the very next day Ihe House of Representative*
discha-ges its committee from further ears of. tha pro
ject, and nails it, like t bad dollar, to the counter.
What next ? Who can tell ’
Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
Washington, Jan. 5,184 T.
The salaries were paid to the officers of Government
on the 2d invtant in gold. This ts the first observance
of the Nub-Treasury Bill, and to show you tbe advan
tage tha Government and community derive from the
law, I may remark that that class of officers who do
their business in a business wiy. immediately deposited
their money in bank and gave cheeks upon the Banks
to meet their own bills. Almost any one would have
thanked tbe Government for a cheek upon the Bank,
and ytt th* Banks are to be perpilexed and the com
munity also by this Government war upon the people
and their institution*. Tha Banka of New York, ac
cording to information received here, have a large *-
mount of Treasury Note* on band, which they will
pay ont to the merchants, who will pay them to the
Government for Custom House duties. The effect of
this will be to throw a large amount of these notes hack
upon the Treasury of the Government, which, hsvtng
thr power to reissue, will tend them upon the commu
nity ague a* fast as pns-ible. But this sort of rcit-oe
will not fast the Government long.
Armtt Movements. —lt is expected that tbe first reg
iment New York Volunteers, now quartered at Fort
Hamilton, L. L, will sail for the seal of war to-morrow.
They are in prime condition ami excellent discipline,
and are well provided for every way. We have no
doubt they will do ample justice to ihe character of our
State. There are tm companies of 80 men each in
the regimeat. the last 150 having bee* mustered inti
into Ihe service on Wednesday. The tranaperts see
chariered to take them .to Tampico, sad n is supposed
that their first operation will he directed against Vasa
Grot.
Toe Massachusetts regiment fs getting tm rmreft
better than was ut first exiiecled. There are now six
Companies fil'ej up. and the piocess of eniullment goes
on quite briskly.
The Salem Register says it is rumored that Hon.
Caleb Cushing is desirous to take ihe command of ihe
Massacuiftts regimeat, should the complement be
nude up.— -V. Y. Gaz.
Romance if Volunteering —Dormgjthe stay of the
Philadelphia troops in our city, ■ person of very youth
ful appearance, presented himself to the officer of one
of ihe companies, and offered to enlist. The extreme
delicacy of his appearance, however, in-tuced the cap
tain to decline accepting him, considering that ihe
small white hands, and delicate feet of tbe would lie
soldier, would have but a small chance in carryings
heavy musket and makiig long marches. The perti
nacity with which the recruit insisted on being enlist
rd, did not avail, allhouga H gave him an opportunity
of frequently v siting the barracks. The morning be
fore the departure of the troops, however, there was a
vacancy in the company at roll call, nor rook! the ab
sent soldier. a fine young felfow, nor the recruit be
found. The former's absence n immediately set;
down to accident, and nothing was thought of ihe lat
ter, until the next day. when our suldiev again joined
his reg ment. He was seen to bid a most affectionate
and tender farewell with a v.rv pretty girl on shore,
whom he called his wife, bearing a striking resemb
lance to Ihe rejected recruit. The same equivocal in
dividual immediately afteiwards returned to Phifsdel
phta.—Pittsburg Journal,
Central Rail Road— The following shews a
very salisfsctnry business an this road during the last
three months—the more si as tbe rates of freight have
been reduced 33 per cent. Irom the corresponding pe
riod of last year. The crop of cotton last year was
very deficient. Hence the comparison can better be
m idc wait the business of 1444, when the crop was
the best ever made in Georgia:
Earnings for the last tbrre monthx of the year 1846,
v iz:
October, .... 44.746 35
November, .... 49 841 20
December, .... 53.824 1 8
*148,411 72
For the same months of the year 1845 :
October, .... 42.04001
November, .... 33,52230
December, .... 25-738 94
*101,30125
For the same months of tha year 1844:
October, .... 50,96272
November, .... 50.60331
December, .... 34,886 74
\ *136,45* 77
[■Sue. Repvblican.
Thb Convention at Watnesborol-oh.— Our
readers am referred to the proceedings at the Railroad
Convention just terminated. Other proceedings are
instituted in order to comply with the terms at the char
ter, after which action—action—prompt, immediate
action is the word. The thing must be pushed with
vigour, and so far us we are individually concerned, we
are ready when the papers are rcudy, t devote our
‘time—no matter how much—(if it can be of service,)
to the procuring of small subscriptions. Here is a
Road of some twenty-two miles that can be built for
*171.004). Will the planters us Burke hesitaie—shall
we in Savannah hesitate to contribute to this policy?
Every one who ia capable of a praper spirit should
come up to the task without waiting tn see whether
tome preconceived preference of hi* own is to be con
sulted. Nothing good can be done without some self
axcrifice.—Sat’. Republican ,
Gj* We deeply regret, wiih the Washington Unieu,
tile gratuitous introduction of the Slavery question, by
Mr. Preston King [a Locofoce] of New York, into the
House of Ri presenlatives, in connection with the fa
mous Two Million bill. But, as it has been introduc
ed, we are glad that it was uot brought forw ird by a
Whig—because, although both Whigs and Locofocos
from the non—Uveholding Stales sustained it, the re
sponsibili'y of thrusting it, unnecessary, before Con
gress, is thus assumed by men who haveton long worn
tbe mask, aa •• natural allies of Ihe South.” We re
gret this movement, we repeat—but is it not the natur
al and foretold consequence of that insane desire to
-enlarge the are* of freedom,” which ha* precipitated
us into an expensive and bloody war, and thi most dts
asterous consequences of whirl) are tube realized when
the spoils of war come to be appropriated by the con
queror ? Richmond Whig.
The Mexican War. when it was first entered upon,
vraa to be a sort of fancy work lor those engaged in it,
and yet we see it staled that the loss of life in the
Mexican wai already excedcs that of the last war with
England.— Haiti inure Patriot.
lowa.—One for United States Senators
took place in convention of the two Houses of the lo
wo Legislature on the 18th ultimo. Judge Wilson,
one of the caucus candidates of the Democracy, receiv
ed S9 votes, and Jonathan McCarty, of Lee county,
formerly a Representative in Congress from Indiana,
like number. The Senate which ia Democratic has
refused to go into an election aguin, to lowa will nut
be represented in the U. S. Senate,
“Mxxiciiv” Wants.—The Union and some few
other Locofoco papers are in the habit of stigmatising
the Whig party, because, while supporting the warwith
all ite might, voting supplies, and urging every possi
ble measure to bring about an honorable and speeds
peace, it sees fit, in the independence and patriotism of
its spirit, to hold the authors of the war responsible for
its origin, as Mexican Whigs! Here is a retort from
one of our Whig exchanges that ought to mako ths
cheeka of such editors as that of the Union—editors,
too. advocating British interests—tingle with shame.
Mexican Whigs. —Gen. Scott, Gen. Taylor, Gen.
Worth. Gen. Kearney, and Gen. Wool, are Whigs.
So were Ringgold, Watson, Ridgeley and others. So
are at least half the volunteer fotce. This is ths wsy
in which the Whigs afford ••aid and comfort to the en
emy.
Col. Bilie Peyton ie another of the wickcj Whigs
who are affording -aid snd comfort” to the Mexicans.
The Richmond Republican, in noticing anew com
pany of volunteers at Augusta, says >
One of the officers, Cspt. Harper, is, and has been
for many years, the editor of the Whip organ at Au
gusta, and believes as fully as any man that the pres
ent war was unncoes-ary.
The Richmond Whig says:
Smith P. Bankhead, Esq., of Caroline county, aon
of Col. Bankhead, of the U. 8. Army, an eminent lw
---yer and e true Whig, has opened a rendezvous in Fred
ericksburg, for volunteers for the Mexican war.
In Virginia we are told that not a single democratic
county baa raised a Volunteer Company to go to Mex
ico—while Richmond, Petersburg and Alexandria,
(Whig towns.) Jefferson end Auguata. (Whig coun
ties.) bae each raised a company, and the first named
city two.
Edwild Webster, a son of the Massachusetts Sena
tor, hat organized lha first company of volunteers in
the Bay Misti for the Mexican war, and it is now ready
for the field.
Gut upon such rascally “Mexican Whiga!”
Tata ov ts* Risnaotn Comkittii, —The Bal
timore Argus contains a long description of the trip of
tho committee to disinter the remains of Ringgold and
Cochrans, from which ws make ths following oitraet:
Immediately on our arrieal in Matimoros, ws re
ported ourselves to the Quarter Marter, who at once
gave orders thst, ss soon as dinner was over, haraes
should ha furniahed os to go to the Reals* battlefield
to diainter tho temaine o( Lieut. Cgflppno,
We arrived on (be ground about 4 o'clock, anil al
ter givmg the necessary direction* to the workmen,
we went to the lattl* field of the 9ih of May, and with
pleasure aleoJ n the eery apot where poor Ridgely
and May distinguished themselves, also the field where
Arista trad taken up his quarters, &c. There is noth
ing to be seen on the field, save any quantity of old
uniforms.
The heat here is about eighty degree*, with a falling
off at night of aorne twenty ot twenty-five degrees.
The >eu morning we got under way as aeon as
pracnctitde, anti in passing ofl Fort Brown, I called in
and look a bard's eve view of the interior, (t is much
larger that) we were led to believe by common reading.
It would latte at least 2.4MXJ men to man this fort prop
erly. Our mean* of irineportslion being now at hand,
I was compelled, ufter a few shakes of the hand with
those who had shown me the civility ol the fort, to
lake ■ seal in nui carriage—a common f>ur horse wag
goo—where, bag, luggage nod coffin were to he hud
dled together. When we arrived at the grave, the
body was eiposed, having been wrapped in a common
coarse mailing. The flesh had entirely disappeared,
hut the hones were perfect and dry. The body being
taken up and boxed up, we added on our journey
through a cbapjhuel country. Me ilespati hed a man
10 the Palo Alro battle fi Id to procure us some Mexi
can skulls—a few of which we have with us.
Ai 8 o’clock, P. M.. we reached Puinl l-W, which
1* fortified aid earrieoned within which we entered,
leaving the remains of Lieut. Cochrane under guard.
Early next morning, our business being well known
to the commander of Uus point. Major Gardner, the
men were at work in taking up the remains of Major
Ringgold, Ac., also the lading with which the grave
was surrounded, all ol which we biing with us. Alter
taking up the cofiin, we commenced tire solemn tread
ot marching to the lime measured us by the drum and
fife, w.th an escort of some lifiy men. divided into Iwo
platoons—the first covering ttve corpse, with the Coni
umtee, the doctor of this post, and the major in co
- in the centre, and the second platoon bringing
up the rear. It was certainly done very handsomely ;
and aa anon as we reached the store, the cofiin was ta
ken inside.
On opening it, we found the coffin had an outside
rough box, yet with all this, no vestige of our favoiile
Major could be traced—scarcely any thing but the
bones were left. All solidity of the 11* nh had disap
peared. Such was the decomposed slate of the body,
that we were necessarily compelled to remove him to
our prepared coffin with the least possible delay, and
seal or solder him up. ‘
Gek. Tailor. —The London correspondent-of the
N, Y. Journal of Commerce, under date of the 9th of
Nov., writes: *Geu. Tsy lor is achieving for himself a
great European reputation (or military stratagem- and
high chivalric character. The most captiouscnnc ad
mits that lie has secured success at the least possible
sacrifice of lile. What can be higher renown ! His
moderation, after victory, has been viewed here with
considerable satisfaction.” While compliments are
thus ahoweied upon uU ‘ Rough and Ready” from a
hroad, it is remarkable, that the President of the Uni
led States, in communicai ing to Congiess the splendid
triumph! of our aims, could not find space for one
word in commendation of the gallant General who
commanded at Palo Alto Resaca de la Palma and
Montery. We shall not pretend to ascribe to Mr.
Polk any motive for the omission of all allusion, by
name, to Gen. Taylor, in the Message—an omission
which only aerves to render the hero more conspicu
ous. In an age of Roman degeneracy, we are told,
that on one occasion, the busts of Brutus and Cassius
were excluded from a procession in which those of
men of leas desert were conspicuous objects-, hut it
was the universal judgment that they were more hon
ored by the exclusion than were their rivals and ene
mies by the public exhibition of their marble efligies.
1 Labor Lost. —After forty-seven ineffectual ballot
ings in the Florida Legislature, for a Judge of the
Southern Circuit, the election has been indefinitely
postponed.
TEA ANITcOFFEE.
The following is a copy of the letter addressed by
the Secretary of the Treasury to the Chai-man of the
Committee of Way* and Means of the House of Rrp
tesentatives. The ‘-Union” accompanied its publica
tion with a paragraph urging the speedy adoption of
the measure proposed:
Treasury Ueurthisvt, Dee. 11, 1845.
Sir —Permit me, most respectfully, to call your at
tention to the views submitted in my list annual re
port in regard to imposing duties on Tea and Coffee.
These detiee were suggested in view of the necessity
| of obtaining the loan therein proposed, and this depart
ment feels bound to communicate the opinion enter
tained by it, that in the absence of these duties it will
probably be wholly impracticable to nego'iate the loan
on ouch terms as would be permitted by Congress,
Most respectfully.
Your obedient servsnt.
R. J. WAI.KER,
Secretary of the Treasury.
Hon. James J. McKat,
Chairman of the Com. of Ways and Means.
Arrival o Eshorakts.— We have procured
the Cuatom House official returns, says the N. Ymk
Herald, a statement of the number ol emigrants that
anived in this port during the month of Dec. 1846.
j and find the number to be seven thousand nine bund
’ red and seventy-two.
Os these, there arrived from—
Great Britain and Ireland, 4.230
France, 1.243
Belgium, 1,082
Bremen, 752
Holland, . 450
Sweden, 118
Other porta, 97
Total, 7,972
Harr Morey Prooreis.— Treasury drafts are paid
out to the troops in Mexico in this wise:—Four vol
unieers have (100 due to them. The Paymaster calls
them up and give* them a (100 Treasury draft. The
four owe the sutler (40, and hand him the draft—if
he has the change he gela hla money—if not he goes
without. This ha* produced much dissatisfaction a
mong the men and sutlers, and the paper was reluct
antly received, if at all.
HOW TO GET RICH.
The late Judge Marlin, lefi hie paternal roof at Mar
seilles ; while a lad, with lour hunJred franca in money
aa hia aole patrimony. He rambled about the Weal ;
Irtdieo and finally reached North Carolina. There hia j
money was eihaualed, and to avoid ainrvation he got
a place aa apprentice to a printer. After three yeara
aeraire he waa received aa a journeyman and berame
entitled to wagea. So well did he manage hia afTaira,
that in three yeara he had laid up money enough lo
buy out hia employer. Some yeara afrerwarda became
to Cooieiana. Here while he waa a Judge of the Su
preme Court, be waa also partner of a brick yard. Af
ter aeeen yeara hia partner in the brick yard died. In
aettling their partnerahip accounla it became necessary
to examine their booka. It waa found that every item
of their joint household eipeneea waa maiked down
from day to day. and that the whole aeven yeara they
bad ahared the aama table together, they had each ex
pended, on an average only twenty-live cenla per day ;
including food and clothing for their aervanta and all
the ether eipenaea ol houae keeping. During all thia
time the Judge waa receiving a aalary of (5.000 per
year, beaideajarge profile from the brick yard, and from
hia rente, and money placed at intereal, hia 400 franca
have been aince increased to (400 000 and upwarja!
The JuJge lived a very poor man and died a very rich
one. During the third of a century he held office, he
had to decide upon immense interests submitted to the
Court, and no one ever supposed that for millions of
money bis opinions could be made to swerve a hair's
breadth. Hia integrity was above the slightest suspi
cion frutn any quarter.— N. O. Bulletin.
Atsnsinn lonoaiacs.—Old Astly once abused his
srene painter for not painting the columns of a temple
all of the same length ; and when the man pleaded the
law ol perspective, replied, “Don't talk to me cf per.
epeclive.sir; the public pay thsir money to see pillars
according lo nature, all ol a length, and they shall have
their full measure, and no deception.”
B sst Os r. Y it.— We understand says an E
paper that an inganioue Yankee has just put r p t Mw .
mill in onr vicinity, which is drjvsn by (br yVee n e
circumstances,
KIMIISKME.
THURSDAY, JANUARY 14. 1547.
COTTON iUAUKUT.
Our market fur the last two or three days has been
very brisk. The receipts arc light, but the demand
good at our quotations, which, it will be observed, are
an advance on the prices that prevailed last week,-
We quoto from Ihe sales of yesterday 8j a 10 eta—
Principal sales 9j a 9}.
Who gives aid and Comfort lo the
Enrniy I
The friends of President Polk are failing him in the
time of his utmost need, and when he moat wants their
services, are leaving him in such a pitiable and embar
rassing position, that from pure sympathy, and the
common feelings of charity, the Whigs may yet give
him a hind to lift him from his -slough of despond,”
His friends have been ery profuse in ibeir professions
of patriotism, which cost nothing, and as equally liber
al in their denunciations upon lliose Whigs, who, in
thn exercise of a constituiional arid personal right, have
dared to speak their sentiments, and condemn the
mode sml manner in which thn war was commenced,
and has been conducted. But when vclion was re
quired. when votes instead of speeches were called for,
these lime-serving politicians, with the fear of their
constituents befuie their eyes, have forsaken their lead
er and master, and left him almost an object of pity,
even ior bis enemies. Let the public judge who are
the true friends of the country. The Whigs, with
Calhoun, and a few more Independent democrats, op
posed the war at it* inception, because they considered
it as an act of executive usurpation and a palpable vi
olation of the constitution. But when ho>tili.ies were
actually commenced, when the two countries were
pi iced in a belligerent position, the Whigs freely vo
ted for all the supplies that were riquired, and by th ir
vules in Congress, and their services in the field, have
in every po-sible manner, contributed to a vigorous
prosecution of the war. What ha*e the democrats,
the authors of the war done 1 tiv their rashness and
folly, they precipitated the country, when it was least
prepared for snch an exigency, into a war, which ‘.hey
have neither the fortitude to prosecute, nor the moral
courage to terminate by an honorable peace. We will
not again allude lo the manner in which the war with
Meiicohas been conducted the criminal negligence
and inexcusable weakness, which have characterized
the entire management of it. These are subjects for
future consideration, and hereafter, the authors of these
calamities, involving the sacrifice of invaluable lives
and countless treasures, will be brought to a fearful,
but retributive accountability. But it is a question,
which every one has a right to ask, what does the par
ty in power mean in opposing, as they are actually do
ing (all their professions to the contrary notwithstand
ing,) their owa war! Have they discovered that they
were too hasty, and that their constituents do not ap
prove of their conduct * It is too late In reckon the
I responsibility they have iucurred—lo count llie cost—
-1 The plough is in the furrow, and now is not the time
to look back. It requires no military genius to discov
er the inequality and insufficiency of our force to fight
the Mexicins. -Old Rough and Ready.” io all prols
ability, is now at Saltillo, waiting for the threatened ad
vance of Santa Anna. His army, gathered from every
quarter, all t-ld, will not number over seven thousand
iiien, while Santa Anna heads a force of twenty five
thousand. Brave and daring as our men are, here is
too great an inequality. If we expect lo force the Mex
icans to terms, by the triumph of our army -to con
quer a peace,” we must have a large and efficient ar
my in the field, and with the leaat possible delay. But
to get men we must have money. Without -the sm
ews of war” nothing can be done. This truism Mr.
Folk and his Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr, Walk
er. have al length tiegun to realize. In their annual
communications to Congress, a3 preliminary meas
ure, they recommended a duly on tea and coffee, from
which a revenue of about three millions of dollars
would be raised ; and in order lo impiesa mure strong
ly, the necessity of this measure upon the Representa
tives of the people, Mr. Walker dispatches a commu
nication to the Chairman of the Committee of Waya
and Means, saying, “that in the absence of these duties
on tea and coffee, it will probably oe wholly impracti
cable lo negotiate the loan on such terms as would he
permitted by Congress.” The loan contemplated is
twenty four millions of dollars, which, the Treasury
being empty, is the only resource the Government hss
to carry on the war. We have nothing to say of the
policy es laying a lax on those articles of prime neces
sity —tea and coffee. It ia a responsibility the domi
nant party have incurred by their own acts, and they
are loextricate themselves as best they can. Dut how
do the fnenda of the Administration respond to the call
fur help I Although Mr. Walker tells them, that they
must borrow money to sustain the war, and that they
cannot borrow, unless they moke tea and coffee dutia
ble articles, tirey deridinglv, and, as it strikes us, in
sultingly reply, by a simple resolution, act- and upon with
out deliberation and discussion, and passed by a vote
of 115 to 48, that “it is ineipedient to levy any lax
upon tea and coffee.” Does nut tills look like giving
aid and comfurt to Hit enemy 7
Again, the Preai ent. in the plenitude of hia wisdom,
thinks it expedient, that for the efficient organisation
of the army, a general officer to take command of the
wh le should be appointed, and sends lo Congress a
special Message, recommending such an appointment.
How was this official recommendation treated 1 Most
contemptuously, for it was laid on the table, without a
word of debate, or even taking the yeas and n ■>* on
the resolution. It is true, that after a night's spurring
and whipping, the refractory were partially subdued,*
and the vote was reconsidered ; hut if it he called up
again, the same indignity will await it. Does not this
opposition to the Supreme powei, look like moral lies
son, and aiding and comforting tho enemy 1
Ags in, the President renews the irquesl made by
him the last cession, for two million of dollars, to lie
used by him, (probably in bribing hia Iriend Santa An
na) in eflectmg a negotiation for peace with Mexico.
One of his Democratic supporters, Mr Preston King,
clogga the bill wiih an anti-slavery amendment, which
renders it so odious to Southern Democrats, that the
hill is sure to be killed.
Under these repealed inflictions, Mr. Polk may with
reason, exclaim, --Save me from my friends •” The
charge of moral treason, which he ao foolishly (not to
stigmatize it aa it deserves, with an opprobrious term j
laid upon the Whigs, for independently condf j(an j na
an act of executive usurpation, may with j ui( j c he
transferred to his professed friends r u pt(llM|w , inJ
if hia paia.itea are disposed loffo g ;„ hjm for hj#
poit to Sam. Anna, and *K (fb whera tUe woulJ
be regarded aa an oyer*. of ,„ Mon# lbi , mu , t #J .
mil, that a Dem jeti ,j o c ot) j ICM( vrith a majority of
two-thirds, ‘jy withholding supplies, and frustrating in
evcr T ‘possible manner, the efforts of the Executive, are
most effectually giving aid and comfort to the enemy
The Savannah Republican notices our paragraph/
of last week, relative to the contemplated funeral ar
rangementa of Capt. Holmes, suggesting to other Vol.
unteer Corps of the State to unite wuh ours in paving
a proper Iribu eol respect lo his memory. We fini
that they had, as good and prompt soldiers, (and #<j
have known them as such on all occasion*,) snticis
pated our suggestions and wishes. The Hepublcan
says:
“ We are pleased to say that the suggestion at th*
close of the above paragraph has been already antici
pated in our city, where Captain Holmes had many
warm and devoted personal friends. It is in contem
plaiion to send a delegation Irom the several Volun
teer Corps, as well as Irom the citizens, to he nrewnti
End join in the solemnities of the occasion.”
Latest from tlie Army.
The New Orleans pipers inform us of the arrival’
of the Alabama at that eilv, with later accounts from
the Urtiz.os, Tie Alabama brought ovtr the remains
of Col. Watson, Capt. Ridgely, Holmes Gillespie and
others.
Wc have by this arrival nothing in confirmation ot
denial of the reports published in our last paper, that
Santa Anna was on his march to Saltillo, and that
Gen. Worth w as in anticipation of an attack from him.
The following letter of a correspondent of the Pic
ayune,contains a summary of all items nf interest.
Matamohos, Jan. Ist, 1847.
Your fiiend Haile popped in upon us a lew days a
go, and I had hardly tune In ask a question before he
was off for Camargu and Montery. Since that lime
we have had .many reports if halites, and marebes, and
counter marches—Get.. Wool's column cut ofl’ Gen.
Worth driven back upon Monterey from Saltillo, and
he and Gen. Taylor surrounded and shot up in Mun
eiey. Gen Scott and staff lelt here two days ago. in
haste for Camargo, by the river. They met the -Rough
and Ready” steamei wuh the mail, which brings intel
ligence that some part of a corps of observation belong
ing to Santa Anna's aiuiv has been seen Bear Fatras,
where Gen. Wool s army was, and lie had joined Gen.
Worth al Sallillo. Gen. Taylor, with the division nf
Gen. Twiggs ha l gone back to Monterey,and General
Quitman had gone nu to Victoria, arid was at Linares
when lasi heard Lorn. Gen. Fulterson's division cross
ed the river San Fernando five days ago, and would
soon reach his destination. A company of'Tennessee
cavalry came hack two days go, lo escort -a train of
wagons with subsistence lor the command of Gen. Pat
teicon, who will no doubt soon juin with the com
mand ol Gen. Quitman, Gen. Scott w ill go to Camar
go, and it is thought will soon return here, I have ve
ry Itltle doubt but that Gen. Taylor will go home as
soon as Geo. Scott takes command. When Gen. Pat
| teison gets to Victoria all the passes In Ban Louis Po
tosi will be shut up; and if L'rrea, with his 5000 or
13000 lancers, dors nut clear out across the mountains,
our cavalry will chase them about like rabbits pursued
bv a pack of hounds. I wish that J a k Hay*, Walker,
Chevallier and the rest of our old Texts boys were
here now ; Canales and Seguin want looking after
badly, I have learned that the former has been elected
to the new Mexican Congress, but do not vouch (or
the report. His old men arc prowling about at all
events. Adios, CoEfFA.vxito.
A Symptom of AbwlUioitmii.
Mr. Preston King,a Democratic Representative from
New York, has introduced the following bill in th*
House. It Iras answered all tho ends nf a file brand,
and has created all sorts of dismay and confusion a
inong the harmonious dern icracy. It is the same bill
subslanually that passed the House at the last session,
and whs defeated in the Bennie by Honest John Davis,
of Massachusetts. Nu measure could be contempla
ted or concocted, more hostile lo Southern Institutions,
and yet a Di mociatic House of Representatives passed
it, and ihe democratic prias throughout tho country,
ratified and abu-ed the Massachusetts Beuator lor de
feat mg it.
Southern Democrats have given the matter their se
corid sober thoughts, and aie now determined to op
pose it. The question is an important one, involving
a most vital principle, and, as is apprehended by those
moat concerned, w ill mall probability eventuate m a
schism between the Northern and Southern Democra
cy. II a Whig bad introduced the bill,every mother's
son of us would he held up to the unsuphiscated peo
ple of lire South, as enemies to our -peculiar institu
tions,” and the aiders and abettors of vde abolitionists.
The following is Mr. King’s bill:
THE TWO MILLION BILL OF LAST SESSION.
Mr. PUESI'ON KING, previous notice hsving
been given, asked the unantuous consent of the House
lo introduce the following lull. viz.
AN ACT making further provision for the expense*
attending the imercouree between the United Stale*
sod foreign nations.
Were** a slate of war now exists between the Unit
ed Blabs and the Rr j üblic of Mexico, which it is de
so abb* should be terminated upon terns just nnd hon
orable to both naiions ; ard whereas assurance* have
heretofore lieen given to the Government of Mexico
that it w as the desire of the President to settle all ques
tions between ihe two countries on the moat liberal
and setisfuctorv terms, according lo the rialrts of each,
and the mutual inn res'* and security ol the two coun
tries; and whereas the President may he able to con
clude a treaty of peace with the Republic of Mexico
prior to the next session of Gongress. if means for that
object aie at bis disposal; and whereas, iri the adjust
ment of so many complicated questions as now exist
between the iwo countries, it may possibly happen that
an expendilure nf money w ill he called for hy the stip
ulations of any treaty w bich may be entered into :
Therefore—
Bc it enacted by the Senate and House of Represent
talivei of the United Stales if America , in Congrest
assembled. That the sum of thiny thousand dollars be
and the same is hereby appropriated, nut of any money
in the Treasury not otherwise sppropiiaied. lo enable
the President to enler upon regolialions for the resto
ration of peace with Mexico, whenever it shall he in
hia power to do so.
See. 2. And be it further enacted, That there shall
he neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in any
territory which shall hereafler he acquired by or be an
nexed to the United Slates, otherwise thsn in the | un
ishmenl of crimes whereof the party shall have been
duly convicted . Provided, always. That any person
escaping into the same from whom Ishour or service ie
lawfully claimed in any one of the United States, such
fugitives mav be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed out
of auid lerriioiy to the person cluiming hie or her labor
or service.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That iheaum of
two millions of dollars he and the same ie hereby ap
propriated, nut of any money in the Treasury not oth
erwise appropriated, lo enable the President to con
clude a treaty of peace with the Republic of Mexico,,
lo be used by him in the event that said treaty, when,
signed fry liie authorized agents of the two Govern
ments. and, being ratified by Mexico, shall call for the
expenditure of the same, or any pait thereof; full ansi
accurate a-counts for which expenditure shall be y
him transmitted to Congress at as early a day M prac
ticable.
We copy the following ‘jotice of the death of our
lamented fellow-citizen , Capl Ilolmx, from the Co
lumbus Timet. I;, j, undoubtedly from the pen of the
Editor, who h 4, t*y. n his associate in the campaign, un
til recen'',y i M Adjutant of the Regiment. The tribute
P*' 1 !. him, is (herefore to he fully catimated ; coming as
It does, from one competent to appreciate hia qualitita
as a man, and his qualifications as a soldier.
Dinitli of Citpfnin Holmes.
The late arrivals Irom Mexico bring us the psmlut
intelligence of the dealh of Isaac Holmes. Captain o
; the -Macon Guards” of the Georgia lisgl.ncnt.
’ no newspaper commonplace, in the writer In “*7>
thia intelligence smote upon hia heart with * deep an
1 chilling force. ~
Our association with Uapt. Ilnlmea had taughl
rev pec t his high and honorable nature, lo “dm
evenness and amiahiliiy of lira temper and the
of bis manners ; to love him as one who was •••* 7
inrli a .oldie.” and of whom it !• no ‘
of his surviving brother officers to say, l’ *** ‘* ,
inforntt) oieer in ih Re|iinfnil *®
•cured? ha? lighted in the whole Krgimrn , up