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BPUBLICAN.
J. CLRLAND, Cirt Atn Copvtt rnnTxn.
NOVEMBERS], im
t)*lly IY' Annum • for *' woth", ♦»
Cinintrv Pspe-, .1 per Annum l f»r * nwtiUM, M.
(PAVnotK IS AUVSXCX.I ’
JM, ani x-r JinttinmnK ie Iwt Peftr..
UJT Office«the cSUrnfBiv ml Ilull ilnrii,over
Mr. J. B. llaudry’s ilorr.
king inn! tlii* administration of laws, and the sup
ml of nil iutlMtlOM and Ilia advanenmenl of
all olijocnwhich forma part oflho permanent
policy of n country, ami of which tfio support
il l advancement create a continual drniu of mo-
uev fn m tiio Treasury.
•>. Thoec which arc in theit nalnro exlraordi-
■ ary. occaaional ami temporary, falling with great
weight on ;nrticu1 »r and brief tioriod* oftiinc.aml
t’lcn L'rqmiating forever. Of thi" kind nro* the
eipcndiqtrc* growing out of a state of war, and
o it of tho erection of groat end costly public
work* of nn enduring character, auch a* foitrc**
ok, canals, rail way*, «c.
Tlu*»e two division* obviously embrace nil the
orighnl and substantive catinc* of expense dial
ran occur to a government, lint out of the tie-
ee^xiticx to which they frequently give rise, there
L* rone time* bom a thinl kind, entirely deriva
tive in it* diameter* end partaking of tho nature
of both the other*. Of this *ort i* a large public
debt, of which the interest i« ■♦•pnhtcd to be V»«(J
at regular and short interval*, and tlie principal at
n remote period. Tho payment* of the intend
on «iteh n debt aro appropriately clamed in the
first of tho above stated general divisions; and
tho ultimate redemption of the capital, in Ute so-
eond. Well, Georgia ha* actually contracted a
debt of thi* description to tho amount of three
quarters of a million, borrowed upon her bonds,
of which the interest is payable every six month*
and the principal at the end of every IU) years;
and her bond* for another equal amount have al
ready been issued, and only await a market to
As far back then ft* tho rear 1821. tho policy of raise the debt to a million and a half of dollars.—
inuanently appropriating particular fund* to
REPORT
Otl\* Communtnnnn appointed by authority of the
Legislature, on tie ttAjctl of the Matt Financet,
[cortimo.]
THE CENTRAL BANK
permanently appropriating
designed objects began. .
In that year a bur was passed setting apart the
dividend* on halfa million of bank stock, owned
by the 8tate, to tho canse of public education;
gad the dividend* on a another half million, to
purpose* Of Internal Improvement. Aud »o the
letter Of the law stand* to thU day. No other per
manent designation of particular thuds to particu
lar object* took place'till 1S37, wheintwa* en
acted that one thin) of the interest arising from
the United Stole* surplus revenue deposited with
Georgia, should go into tho Education Fund.
And subsequently.in I skid, on the nassat e of a law
for borrowing a million and a half of dollar*, for
the coustmction of the Western and Atlantic Rail
RoaiU provision wa* inserted in that law. setting
apart for the payment of the interest on the tnoit-
•y eo to be borrowed, all the income*, profits and
dividend* accruing from tho hank stock and other
Bind* of Uie State iu the Central Bank, such por
tion* thereof excepted, as wo® akeauv pledged to
lb. obj«ct of Public Education. And, by tin
•amt law, it wa* further provided, that until such
thssss aaney could be raised by loan a* author
ised, the Commissioners of tho Rail Rond should
be supplied from the Central Bank xprith the fund*
necessary for the prosecution of the work. The
efforts to raise raouoy by loan under this law, re-
I in fbilnre. except* to a limited extent* Of
_je the bank became. liable to furnish a large
part of die money wanted during the year for dis
bursement on the Rail Road.
Upon comparing the amount which, in this pos
ture of thing* became inevitably deinandable dur
ing the year trom tho Bank, with the amount
which it bad any likelihood of realizing, by cellec-
lion* and other mean*, from tho resources in it*
poeeemioo. iti* manifest that tho appropriation*
wove mentioned in behalf of Education and Inter
nal Im provaments, were more than enough to
overtask and exhaust the abilities of the Institu
tion.
Thu*, nothing would be left for other object*.
But other object* formed a large, imperative
and indispensable branch of auniud expenditure.
For these other objects were none other than tho
necessary support of Government, and various
items therewith connected: all of which, togeth
er required in the year 183d the disbursement of
$186,79 553 and could not he expected to call for
a less ram in the year 1839. IIow were these
expenditure* to be provided fort The answer i*.
that no other provision wa* actually made for
them than by voting tho needful appropriations in
the accuRtomed general form, which appropria
tion* being thus made, were left to shift for them-
naive*, ana to take the chance of extorting, by die
greater imperionsnes* of their nature, pavraent
out of tho only resources (those in die Central
Bank,) which the State po*«e«xed, resources al
ready overcharged, by specified pledges, in behalf
of other object*. The consequences were inevit-
The specific pledges were compelled to give
way before the itxaut weeessny which claimed,
for* die support of Government, die funds on
which those pledges had been laid.
Thus,the Education Fund has boon subjected to
the loss of it* long Consecrated due*—lenders to
the public to a delay oflheir stipulated repayment*
and the contractor* on die public work to tho in
definite postponement ol largo balances of their
just reuMBc ration, for Liboriou* toils.
. This remit is but die first instance of what must
annually recur, with aggravation, so long n* our
finance* are conducted on die principle of sad-
dim* an insufficient miss of fi*mt* in the Central
Bank, with the accumulated load of all the branches
of public expenditure Such a principle, it is
true, cannot last long; for rapidly eating out the
very fund on which alone it can subsist, it nets as
the voracious agent of its own certain and speedy
death. Blit whilst it does last and *o long as any
, any portion of die funds on whieh it live* remains
It work* a practical obliteration of all designations
by law of particular funds to particular ob-
For every class of appropriations has, at
t, the strong claim of law on it* side; nnd the
icrnl appropriations for the support of govern-
nt mast necessarily attach on the funds in the
, Central Bank so long ns there b no other resource
. to which they can look, and attaching tliero, they
1 must he satisfied from them, eveo though it be to
the exclusion, in whole or in part, of other less
t wants to which those funds have been
cally assigned. Therefore, until a mighty
s is wrought iu our Tniaticial policy, siib-
uting order for chaos, and ample means in the
s of poverty of resources, it i* vain and futile
ippose that in point of practical operation, we
d any Atud secured to the great objects of Edu-
onand Internal Improvement, how much so-
r, otherwise, the mittermiy appear on the
ute book. As things stand, the only light in
itbe stubborn facts oftthe case permit us to
ithe mas* of public wealth lodged iu die
a! Bank, is as a fund tom hy die necessities
» fisc from the permanent objects to which
k been devoted by law,nnd turned into an uni-
kl, though'•insufficient resort on which every
•of appropriations is indiscriminately thrown.
I wide disproportion dins produced between
—1 abilities and liabilities, we behold die
e cause of that financial embarrassment
1 bankruptcy which have befallen the State.
Vhat measures shall be adopted by which diis
it discreditable andrqlnous posture of our af-
• may bo at once pat m a course of rectifica-
ana be prevented from again occurring, and
hich the State shall bo placed iu posse ssion of
M sufficient not only for the discharge of pro
gressing debt* uml'tlio ordinary expenses of
rernment, but ample also for sustaining, as in
1 present age dicy ought to be sustained, die
Xinterest* of public education and internal
oveincnt, is the vitally important matter
h the last Legislature hud in vi<sw iu iustitnting
omtnmission, the result of whose labors is
ubmitted;* matter of which die present
al Assembly canuol deem otherwise diau as
f acquired an augmented muguitmio, and a
imposing urgency from the events of the
nt year, from dio actual state of diiugs at
poment, and from the nature of the prospects
b,in consequence of that state of things, im-
I over die future career of llio State; and it
lire a matter on which the undersigned
k to bestow, in the sequel of this report,
it consideration of which they are capa-
e stage of their investigations, however, at
. wrr j ve j^ ieonjl opportune for
i order to survey aud developu
jinental principles on which a
of fiunnee for the State should
k expenses of whatsoever kind
overntneuU are liable, fall under two
jt
has are ordinary, permanent and ever
; with great voqiubieness, from year to
oughout long and cun tinned periods of
J To this clus* belong all expenditure* inci-
H the uainteuanco ol government, the ilia-
Moreover, Georgia has, for near twenty years,
made tho patronage of youthful education nn an
nual charge on the Treasury. It lias become and
will forever continue a part of her settled policy
and a permanent branch uf fiscal expenditure.—
Ttie ordinary support of government is of course
to be set down a* n permanent expeuso, requiring
annual nnd perpetual supplies.
We have then, cleaiiy, throe branches of ex
penditures, namely, the interest on the puUic debt,
the patronage of youthful Eilnration, nnd the ordi
nary support of Gocernuient, which fall within tho
firs! of the above stated general divisions, and
from demands on th*Treasury, of a permanent,
uniform nnd regular character, and wnkh there
fore require that the treasury should have rap-
plies equally permanently uniform and regular.—
tn regard then, to making provision for these
three branches of expenditure, tho course which
financial wisdom inculcates is plain. It is that
(torera***! shouldpioriJe fur them ha a system of
recent* tehich shall with certainty and permanency
bring into the Trunary an annual income (qu it to
their aggregate amount. Not only is this course
pointed out by inero financial wisdom—hi* com
manded by a st**nr financial necessity. For there
are but two other course* open to tho option of
Government, both of which are in their nature
but temporary, a,e) must eventually and iuevita-.
bly end in that above stated. The first of these is
oulyupplicablc to the case of a Government rich
in the possession of large fiscal wealth already ac
quired. So circumstanced, it may for a time like
an opulent individual subsist on its capital without
haring any iuco.ne. But uulike the individual, its
life is almost sure to outlast, and its necessities to
exhatt«t that capital, however large, which is daily
consuming. It is at this point, that the other al
ternative, that of borrowing capital on which to sab.
sist, presents itself. But. Governments as well
as individuals,will soon cease to be aide to borrow,
if they neglect to provide the means of paying
with punctuality both interest aud principal^ a*
they respectively become duo. So that, in the
case of a Government ho profligate, if such a case
could be supposed, as to borrow without exerting
itself, thnt is, without raising revenue in order to
nay—upon tlse consumption nl’thp amount of tho
first loan, all shifts and expedients would be at nn
end.no alternation would remain—but to perish
for lick of supplies, or to obtain thenecessaiy ali
ment hy drawing on tlm taxable resources of the
country’. But if there be good faith, and an hon
est intention to fulfil ita obligations, tills alterna
tive comes sooner—cotne* at the beginning of the
loau, and makes it imperative to raise onnuul rev
enue,sufficient not only for its ordinary support
and miscellaneous expenses, but also fur the peri
odical payment of interest, and the ultimate re-
deinpuouoflhe capital of its debts; which last
object is to he effected by raising annually revenue
enough to defray all tho current charges of every
kind falling on Uio year, and to leave licsides such
a surplus as will, by gradual accumulation from
year to year, create at length a fund sufficient to
meet the principal of the debt st maturity.
fa accordance with these principles, the perms,
amt ftchciuc of mixing revenue which will, in tho
sequel, be presented,is franied^vith tho view ofoli*
tain in*, by taxation and tho profits mi Bank
stocks owned by the State, anuuai income ade
quate: Jst, To* the ordinary support of Govern
ment; 2d To the mainieinncc of tho system of
1'ublic Education; 3d, To the periodical pay
ment* of tho interest on the public, debt: and 4m,
To the leaving an tliuuai surplus, after all these
objects are satisfied. - wldeh shall, or constar
glory which is now their'* and their country •
forevert—What debasement and slavery would
they not havo transmitted to ns, in placo of tho
greatneos. tho felicity and llio liberty which we now
enjoy nt their hand*, had they made the dread of
incurring and entailing a heavy public debt, a
f iresext lor submission to tyranny. A like view
* applicable to every war. The principle on
which it is fonndfd is thnt for tho defence of tho
country nsainst groat evil* or for acquiring for it
groat and permanent benefits, it is proper and pa-
triotic to take moamroa necessary to th»»«e objects,
even though they involve an expenditure of money
too heavy to lie borne hy the period of their exe
cution, aud requiring therefore to bo distributed
between present ana ftituro times; a rule most
equitable o* well ns necessary, because ftituro
times raccccd to the advantage of such measures,
in all the fullness of (Vuition, whH*t to those by
whom they are achieved, they are often only felt
in prelusive dripping*, and no* »»n?Vcqucnt!y en
joyed merely in rapturous prospect.
Andean it be argued that this noblest and most
beneficent principle of human nature, that by
which each generation of a country is pro nip led,
whenever occarioh arises, to draw to the aid of
its own energies those of unhom million* by the
wimple process of fiscal anticipation, and wield
the whole in n mighty effort for some great and
enduring good which could bo no othonviienp
complisncd, is a principle which is to lie dormaut
in times of peace, anclt* allowed development
and action onlv on liekts of w*ar and amidst the
din of arm*! Will the people and Government
ofGeorgia tie up their own hands and rcfii*e to
execute a great, though peaceful work, on the
ground that they uiav not, in these Inicvon days,
attempt any high achievement of which they are
not prepared to pay the co*t at every step, a* It i*
taken? So hare not thought oar people or Govern
ment.
They embarked in the groat undertaking of nul
ling oiir Atlantic water* with those of th« Missis
sippi and its tributaries, under no such miscon
ception of the policy by which such a work should
be accomplished,** that tho whole cost of it should
be extracted by taxation from the pockets of our
citixeus, during tho proces* of its execution.
Tiiey vidVvea it as a work in which the ftituro
was interested ns much as the present, and more
tlmn the present—and therefore, they regard it as
sound and patriotic principle,to draw nn the pe-
mianr resonrees of tno future in aid of the pre-
on*:wiry resonrees ortho imnre in am ortne pre
sent, liy contracting a debt which the future must
contribute to diatiMrge. In pursuance of this
principle, tho sequel of the present report treats
this work os one not to lie completed, with means
levied by taxation, but by loans and credits, based
on nn anticipation of the resource * of the future;
and suggests the manner in w hicli such anticipa
tion may be nude certainly effective for'tlto pur
pose notwithstanding the impossibility of obtain
ing loans in tho great money market* of the world,
at the prese nt era of unparalleled pecuniary em
barrassment and Histnivt.
(Tobe continued.)
SAVANNAHS
TUESDAY EVENING, NOV. C«, 18OT.
(CT Subscriber* to the Daily HcpuUican in the
Western and South-Western part* of the city,
who do not receive their papers, will please *end
for them, as the Carrier is sick.
A ST. DOMINGO REFUGEE.
One of these unfortutute gentlemen has com
menced a detail of the rise, progress and calm**
trophe of the bloody affair of St. Domingo, thro'
the columns of the New-York Etening Star. He
asserts, positively, that the whole tragedy bad iu
origin, with the same Abolition Societies of Eng
land which are now *o industriously pouring their
agents and emissaries into this country. Tho Ab
olition Societies of the North, are nothing more
nor less than brandies of these same English pro
pagandists. Garriso.v, Tam* and Dosca*,
are ns much traitors to their country, a* ever Bex-
edict Anxoui wa*. We have no question, but
many of these arch fiends are ip tho pay of Eng
lish Societies. If we mistake not, several of their
agents have actually gone to England to collect
money openly, for the purpose of producing an
other St. Domingo affair here.
Wo would republish this interesting .narrative,
but it is too long—already extending to two
lengthy chapters, and as it is supposed, will ex
tend to a clover sized volume.
THE GLOBE at its 0LDTRICK8 AGAIN.
Since the result of the Ncw-York election can
no longer be disputed, the decent Government
organ st Wsdiiuxion, has become inspired with
* b “* h0 ™ ofAbotitioplnn, ...J.d re ad.r,ho
lie debt at tho time when it shall bo finally
the public debt at tho time wlien it shall bo finally
due.
India second grand division of the public ex
penditure*, namely, those which aro rxtraoiVlin-
arv.occ isional and temporary, nnd which shall fall
with great weight in particular short period*, aud
then terminate forever-*-uo other enterprise or
business in which the State is engaged, cm claim
to he clamed except the great system of Rail Road
improvement now in progress, for tho connec
tion of our Atlantic coast and rivers with the Ten
nessee River, end, through it, with tlie vast and
productive region* drained bv the Mississippi.
The Stole, governed by an enlightened and com
prehensive \iew of the groat interests of her
jieople, and of tho ndinirnuio advantages which
oy reason ofher gcoxrnphical position, *dio non
senses for advancing those interests to the highest
point, has stopped forward and Liken upon her
self the execution of that portion of tlii* system
which is of common utility to'nll other parts, and to
almost every part of her territory. From the
moment of her espousal of the great enterprise,
slio has devoted herself to iti completion with a
spirit nnd energy worthy of iu grandeur ofdcsigu
and of the honor nnd blowings which it is destined
to bring to her through all coining time. To tlie
present generation will belong the glory of ori
ginating and nccoinoli-hing, within a few years,
Uio tqagnificcnt work—a glory which her succes
sors will contemplate with evsr admiring gaze,
but can never hope to excel or equal—for neither
her own natural capabilities, nor those of any sec
lion of our wide spread Uuion present a nratica*
ble theatre for onv similar work that could claim
comparison with it—in felicity of position, extent
of connections, case and cheapness of execution,
nnd the vnstness and variety of its agricultural,
commercial and nolitical usefulness.
It would he in harsh discord with reason, with
justice, with every principle of sound policy
which has over cliaracterizcd enlightened com
munities, to hold thnt the cost of tilts grout work,
which is to descend as a rich&enrichiug inheritance
to all future time*, ought to he levied by taxation,
on the neonlo of the day of its execution and
within the urief span of years e nploycd in its exe
cution. Such a nrinciplo, if reenguized by
Governments, would deter mankind from nil greet
und costly works, however tiKcful or important;
it would effuctuully close tho door against all val
uable and permanent Internal Improvements, and
doom the country to lungtiiMli under the perpe
tual ivaut of till channels of communication be
tween distant parts, except those which naturo
gave, or jirivntu enterprise migli bo stimulated to
to simply. If the same principle be carried out
to its legitimate consequences, it would end in the
monstrous conclusion, that a free people must he
estopped from defending themselves against
conquest and enslavement by a foreign enemy,
if, perchance, they should be unable or unwilling
both to fight tho battles of tiicir country, and
to defray, by taxation on their property during
the progrcs’of tlie War, the wfinlu coast of its
prosecution. We dwell with exulting pride ou
tlie memory of our ancestors because tiiey fought
& bled & won Independence and Liberty Tor
themselves & for us, although they did not lux
themselves during the continuance of the strug
gle, with the whole of its huge expeuso of money,
and consequently, entailed upon future years, und
a succeeding generation, a heavy pecuniary debt.
A debt, how small in comparison with the inheri
tance it contributed to purchase! And what in
famy would tboy not have earned, in lieu of the
U bound to tonuda Inietlo, and mo hi. poneo- Etlraclt
•ioao revajed hy t cruel (be, orcomumedby the
devouring element. On the contrary, * nocenl-
ty ie created for exertion, end ho it »t. liberty to
•trivotoetaytho progrere of tho deitroyer. In
either of theed eaaee, inch » necemly exWts, u
will wurrant every proper ellbrt to place our.
eelvea end oltr property, in eocurity—to prevent
it (ram being wreited from ire hy tire hind of per
fidy, or to ehelter it (Vom the fitly of tire tempeit
or the Aamee. But llio Scripture, do not con
template ony with necenlty no ie often pleaded hy
men. Unit unlera thoir buiincu U encoded to,
they mnet lose tho value of llio labor nluoh they
withhold (Vomit. Thin, ifadmluihle, would opcu
the floodgate! of crime, end poor i'- drfnga of
hitter watere over tire whole lend. If ono man
hu » right to labor on tiro Sabbath day, for the
purpose of accumulating property, every man
hoe the etune right! And how torrible are tire eon-
eequenece which would flow (Vom tide titiivcnul
decoration of tire Sabbath. The empire of
darknees would be firmly eetehliehcd among ue—
and the reign of Satin, with otl hie vindictive util'
ieo—with ell hie hcllieh Any, would, indeod, he
perpetuated over u» ail. Amid the universal
bttetle and business of men on tho Sabbith, what
would become of tlie Dacitloguo of tiro authority
of Supremo Being of that moral government
which lie exerctece over the uhiverea t
Thecoinmeudie—"Kemomber lire Snblmthday
to keep it holy.” (Bxodnexi. 8.) This seventh
part of our time. Cod claims exclusively for him-
Mlf, nnd he command, u» to devote it to Him, in
the practice of tlioM religious and moral dntiei,
which ere enjoined upon ell Hie itileDigcnl crea
tures. To spend this day, thoroforo, in opera
tions on tiro Rail Road end in running e Stcem-
boat, ie in utter rioletion of this commend. There
ie no necesdty in the eese, except tho neeeeeily of
maki.it money—the very evil which the commend
designed to remove. I, therefore, emphetieelly
and Mtieuitdy esk, whether thie will be an extena-
eting plea before the Bar of God’, rigiitooiwncsa,
when men -•hallbe judged according to the deeds
done in the body t"
Now, Sir, iftiiis wia a private end personal sin,
I could not expect the privilege of addressing my
fellow men, through tho columns of your paper.
Dirt as it is a public crime—as it is a blot upon the
character of this city—as it is perpetrated by com-
panics or men—and at wa are all deeply interest
ed in the suppression ofit—itie right that the eyes
of the community should he opened to its black
atrocity—to Ute fearful amount of guilt which is
contracted—end to the .larding fact, that tire bless
ing of a kind Providence, cannot bo expected to
continue to raatupon tint community which eanc-
tiotu such utter contempt of tiro mandates of
Heaven; and it is reasonable to expect, that, if
man will not obey tho Divine injunction eo far as
cmblo themselves together iu the Sanctuary
oaths Lord's day—at least, they will pay so much
regard to the authority oftheir Maker aud to the
feelings of tin religious, as not openly and dariug-
ly.lo desecrate tire day. There i. a strange feel
ing on this pobt which ie peculiar to a certain
class. As soon as a word is said shout Christian
obligation and duty, tire wer cry of Hgatrf and
ma( of chant), is heard on every side—while they,
in tho accomplishment of their purposes, eon treat
with contempt the feelings of the Christian—can,
on the Sabbath—a day of rest and hatineu to the
Christian—pour from the ocean and tho land, hy
mean, of Rail Road and Steamboat their living
and dead freight upon the city, thus disturbing
the peace and order of the Sabbath—by pro
faning it themselves, nnd inducing others to pro
fane it likewise. I confess (cannot understand this
ind Mr. Editor, with your permission, I pur
pose to rebuke end oppose this spirit of reckless
indifference tn Divine authority end Christian feel*
ing—until I slnU flash upon it the tight of truth,
and abow it to this community, in all its hideous
end revolting deformity.
from OmCorruptnJmre uf the Oenrgiaa
MH.LEDOF.VILI.E. Not. si.
effects oftheir ibaclumtiotu upon the interests of
its dear Sale Rights' friends of tire South.
Blinking the matter of tho Mis,onri restriction
(cats of Mr. Vav Burk* himself, would it not
have fecit well—at least decent and proper—for
the fiUthe to wait the result of tho Mu.sielm-etl,
election, where tho Tory I’srty lure tint great
Abolitionist in ilia field, Mr. Maaccs Afonvox,
Esquire. Go Mr. G(u6e and dispose of Dr. Dux
es., nnd Mr. Senator Tsrrsx, and (almost) Gov
emor Mortox, and then talk to its of the South,
about the amalgamation of the Whigs and the
Abolitionists. That fat thing, Mr. Ftaxcis
Prestox Blair, thinks that all the Southern Stale
Rights' men are fools or children—to be frighten
ed with spectre, and ghosts of Abolitionists, while
lie and Mr. Vsx Uurex hugs ilia real Simon
Pares to their hearts. It wont do, Mr. Globe—
lake the beam out of your own eye-wash your
own hands clean of these Abolitionists, and then
eomo to us and prate of Slate Rights.
But there is another aspect to this matter.—
Whenever the Globe and iu party gel defeated at
tlie North (tide New-York and Michigan) how
quick it turns round withe whining canine ap
peal to iu Southern allies. Dear good Mr.
Calhoux—lovely State RigliU' people, come to
onr rescue, tire Abolitionists of lire North will eat
us up.
We suspect tliat Allot turns the Northern Moil
topsy turner when Fraxcii has Sira Southern
ride of Ins politics uppermost It all wont do—
the people of the South ere wide awake, end tiro'
they may not unite upon Clay, they will still lest
do so upon Vax Burex. The Southern men,
with Northern feelings—may support tlie North
era man, witli Southern feelings.
[ion tux nxrueLicAx.]
Mr. Editor—In prosecuting tho subject to which
I called tho attention of this community, in Thurs
day's paper, I propose to enquire whether there
is any justifying plea which can be offered in favor
of tha desecration of tho Sabbath hyour Rail Itoad
and Steamboat Companies7 Let me ho distinct
ly understood; I dosign no personal offenco in
these remarks, for I scarcely know, by name, a
"ingle mouther of these Companies. My object
is truth—und when this is ascertained, to bring it
to bear, with all iu Omnipotent power, upon tire
hearts of men.
b tiro plea of nocesfuy made T I answer, dial
this is allowable, if it be inch a necessity as tile
Scriptures admit. A man is at liberty to eat on
lire Sabbath, for tlie purpose of mooting tlie de-
mamls of nature—but he is not at liherty to de
vote tlie day to feasting. A man is at liberty to
rnuka ovory effort to save his lifo, or his proporty
from destruction, on tiio Sabbath—but ho is not at
liberty to spend the day in die enjoyment of plea-
sure, or in tho accumulation of wealth. No one
[roe tux nxroxLicAx.j
Mr. Editor—In one of your lost week's papers,
I soo nn anathema pronounceilagaliut olltlio good
citixana who are concerned in the Rail Road and
Steamboat transactions. Our Vice-President, R.
31. Johnson, has already sufficiently demonstra
ted the absurdity of Church interference in onr
commercial transactions, and he. left little to bo
said ubotit it. Tiie Christian Sabbath, or Smith),
is not of Christ's appointment, nor is the budding
of Churches. Sunday, originally, was tiio day
on which the Priests of Baal paid divine adora
tion to the Son, (whence the name) und it was
held in abomination by tiio ancient Jews. Christ
said, “that man was not made for tiio Sabbath, but
the Sabbath for Ilian.’’ Respecting Churches—
“Tlie Most High dwelleth not iu temples made
with hands;’’ and Christ says, “where two or
tiireo are gathered in my name, there am I in the
midst of them." Agnin—“Wlien tiioti prnyost,
enter thy closet, and when then hast dint thy doer,
pray to thy Father." Bat if people irent to folium
die directionI of Cheist, there would be no ehurchri,
nor men hired to pray by proxy, and no money
paid for their exhalation!.
Luther has opened the Bible far us;—we are
no more bound to dopontl on priestly interpreta
tions—and ns Paul oays—“Prove all things—bold
fast to that which is good”—I avail myself of tho
privilege of choosing, and reject tliat whieh ii not.
Such is Samuel’s command to Saul > “Go'and
smite Anralek, and utterly destroy all that tiioy
have, and spare them not; but day both man and
woman, infutil mid suckling, ox and sheep, camel
mid ass.” Because it could not emanate from a
Deity whoso attributes aro justico and mercy.
Visiting on Ainalck the supposed wrong of his
ancoktors, four hundred years anterior, would
have boon tlie highest act of injustice, mid tha ex
ecution of tlie bloody tiiunduto, tlie excess of the
most cnicl atrocity imaginable. Obedience, then,
was not “better than sacrifices,’’ but a base sub
mission tn the will of a blood-thirsty monster, in
whom, iu comparison, Itoberspiorre stands hut a
harmless laudu MELANCUTON.
[comuxicATxu.]
Mr. Editor—In your last Thursday's paper op-
pears a violent ranter against the citizens exetcis.
ing their privileges in moving hy steam an every
Lord’s day in tiio week. Ho makes a great dis-
ploy of piety and wrath, but is utterly deficient of
benevolence and good sense. It is well for us,
that with his bail intentions, lie lias not tho power
liko Elijah, wbn had two she Bears at his com
mand, who tore up forty-two children, or else he
would call forth the Oposoms to tear tho Locomo
tives to pieces, and tho Catfish to swallow llio
Sloamboale in onr River. SWIFT.
[CONNUXICATXD.I
If that Cottuu Mater of your Iasi Thursday 1
papor, who can roar and puff like a stoamor, will
promise to move steamers by the exertion of his
lungs, he may be engaged to ho useful on Sun
days. TIPTOE.
To*lay a bill from the Senate to repeal the
bounty on.Silk cocoon* was passed. Su it waits
onlv tho assent ortho Governor to become a law.
'Phe special order of the day was a hill to lay off
a nrw eoiuttv from tho cotinlfos of Cass, Murray,
Flovil, and Chattooga, Introduced hy Mr. 3f.iy<
of Cass. Several names wore, proposed tn fill up
tlm blank, as tn the name. Some asked whether
the bill making tho county, had not better be pass
ed before they named ft. Finally tho name of
Cofi'co was earned t blit on tiio question Ibr tho
filial passage of llio bill, it was lost by a decided
majority—ayaa 31, noes 143.
-Tho order nftlio day was suspended by the
House. A hill tn change tho feints in certain
trials, (forcriminal nfleiices) was iutrodncod by
Mr. Stephen-., ofT«uufcrro, and waa read the first
time. . Mr. .Mays, of Cass, introduced u hill to
permit the Central Bank In issttu notes not to ex
ceed twice tile amount ofspccio mid notea ofolli-
er chartered Uanks in her vaults, to soil tho Bank
Slock owned by Die Stale, and appropriate tho
nroeoeds to tho liso oftlio Bank, also In establish
Brunches of tho said Itmik nt uevurat places,
nmnng otlmra at CassvUle, which was read the
first tune.
Tiio memorial (Vom the cities of Savannah nnd
Augusta, in relation to the Kail Road .(Vatu tlm
Central Rail Rood to Auguste rirs Wayueslmro','
praying tho loan hy tile State of its bonds, to each
city, to the amount of $100,000 was laid-buforo
the llonsu l>y General Glascock, which after he-
Ing read was referred to the joint standing com
mittee on Internal Improvement. A Bill bos pa,
ed tho Senate incorporating tlie Gcogia Silk
Manufacturing Company.
FaiDAY, Nov. S3.
This being tho day aet apart agreeably to tho
amendment of Dr- Arnold, for going intn tho eleo-
lion of a State Printer, and for Major (iuncrul of
the ltt Division of Georgia Militia, the LrgUlahiro
proceeded to the election. Outlie second ballot
Win. S. Rogers, oftlio Fedsral Union, was elect
ed State Printer.
Upon tlm statement by the President of die
Senate, tliat the Legislature would proceed to tho
election nf Major General, &c., Col. A. II. Kon-
nan, of Baldwin, announced tlm nnine of Brigndicr
General Charles Floyd,nsa candidate, and another
gentleman announced the -name of Mr. Peter
Cone, of the Copnly of Bulloch. Senator IVom the
•mile. On counting out the votes tiio result, was
os follows i
For Poter Cone, . JK
For General Floyd, US
Scattering, ’ . 0
Ho the President declared Mr. Peter Cano duly
elected Major General of tiio 1st Division of
Georgia Militia.
A bill to make all Roil Roads liable for cattle,
liO£*, &c., killed by tho locomotives, and to umko
the finding of the (lead bodies upon or near ^ the
truck primn fu ie evidence oftheir having beets so
killed, was to-day rejected by tlie Senate.
Satoiiuay, Nov. 23.
After tho reading of the Journal, the resolution
to prohibit tho Commissioners of the Western
and.Xtlantie Rail Road from letting out any of tlie
contracts oil said Rond, advertised to bo lot on the
Lifii December next, was called up by tho mover.
A motion was made to lay it on the table for tlm
nru*eut. Tlioyeas and nays were called—yeas
77, nays 77. The Speaker voting in the affirma-
five, it wa* laid on tho table for the present.
The bill for organizing a Court of Errors,came
up for its second reading. A motion was nude
by Air. Gray, to make it the order of tb* day for
Friday noxL Mr. ' ■ — ■ moved to mako it the
ordor of tho day, for the fourth of July next. , On
tho motion to toy it on the table until the 4th July
neat, the yea* were 81, nay* 78.
On Mouduv next a motion will bo made to re
consider the above vote but I do not Irnve the
slightest ides that it will succeed.
Two important Bill* came up for a second read
ing, oue in relation to taxation, and the other.
General Glascock's Bill in relation to tlie Banks,
Inith of which I have sent you. The tax Bill was
made the order of the day for Tuesday and the
other for Wednesday next. Mr. Stephen.* of
Tulinferro, offered u Bill relative to the killing of
cattle hogs,&c., hy Locomotive* similar to the
one 1 wrote you a? laving been rejected' in the
Senate yesterday .—This morning it was reconsid
ered iu tho Semite.
Mr. Gray introduced a resolution to aholisli
tliat rule of the House which precludes debate on
a motion to Uy any measure on the Lihle for the
balance oftlio Session. This elicited a wordy dis*
ciiit*ioi), and it was laid on tlie table tlie balance of
Uio session. Aye* 114—Noes 41.
In die Senate, this morning, tho bill to repeal
thnt nrticla of tho Con*titntiou which requires tho
establishment of a Court of Errors, canto very
near bavins a constitutional majority, the Aye#
lxuug 52—Noes 27.
Mies L A Engl'.'), M„ Veto „ „
consignees perraiC
vfe’SESsB&SK
SjwuSwS®),
Shipping; lutr-niVc^
POST or aAdAXgAH.....ivopSar;
arrived 8inoFourl,«.
Br. brig Belli*, Bell, Barbados. w'F; ^
last to P Sorrel 6c Co. |
Steamboat Cincinnati, Smith, BlacVrv
Steamboat Col Jowott, Bills, UU* p*
E Henderson.
Stasnilio.it Beaufort District. Six
ton, to J Giiilm irtin.
Steamboat Ivunhoo, 1
WENT'
DJackCrrat,
I SF.A.
SSKTO&SSC
„ , „ DEPARTED.
Steamboat Beaufort District, Simpio,,
memoranda.
ThebngPillura, Shermaa. forth;.,...,
cd at New York on tire -Jl.t jmt
CHARLESTON, Nov. S5.-Arr
renco, Bunker, New York 4 dan; tt« u ,
Tnaroos, Griffith, Kev Weri, vilnZHi*
•team packet North Carolina,Davli, ))'£"
Cld. U L brig Sullivan, Brown, N i
Margaret, Racelcff, Jefferson, Gs.
Pop Cllinrlcstoi:, viainitoniLn
Beaufort nnd Kdlsto,
* - The elegant ■te.mjiUm.'l
ausrawdBEK.Chirac, nmutcr, will <r,nui £21
above places on ftlONDA^ MORNlXq M
o’clock. For freight or passage, briar nil
lent accommodations,apply onboard 91
L'LAGIIORNdk typOD.
N. B.—All riavo passengers roust b tkiij.
tho Custom Ilousa.
nor 8H
For Clin float on, vtn Honnfai
■ C* A I lie splendid new item kU I
HfilHBK.BEAUFORT DISTRICT,c!l 1
! Simpson, will leave for the abore pUcn m 1
Monday morning nt 9 o'clock. For freirlx» f
MiAsngo, having splendid uccomraotlatiotmdb I
o the Captain on board at Guiltnaitia'sttMT I
JOHN GUILMAftm |
KTThe Beaufort District goes inkndfrmb
to Beaufort, outoido from thorn to Chulai*.
fiov 20
Steam Packet Hnvannak. ,
Permanent Arrangement betimn Ssrcasalal |
Charleston.—-Outside Passage.
Farr $8—Turocqh tv 9 Horn.
Tho splendid steam pvtaU-
VANNAH, G. Freeland, tnea,
will do)Mirt for Charleston every Tuesday ul
Saturday at 6 o'clock in the morning; itnuiss, *1
will leave Charleston every Thursday and to- 1
day saute hour. For freight or pa»»j*, apply
on board, or to
nov 1ft COHEN A FOSDICK,A|rf».
- CHARLESTON, Nov. 25.
From Key West.—By tho U. S. Mail schooner
Thames, Capt. Griffith, arrived yesterday, wo re
ceived the South Floridian of Uio 2d inst.
The U. 8 schr. Otocgo, Lieut. Sliubrick, arri
ved at Key West on tho morning of tho 2d insL
The Lightship Key We At, after undergoing re-
naira In* again been placed on her station iu the
north West I’oss.
Four Iiuliiin*, who had gono to Tumpa Bay
with while fouihere in Un*ir turbans, ns a syntho >
of peace, for the purpose of bolding e talk with
tho cotnm aiding officer of thnt post, havo been
taken nriNonoik and uro confined iu one of the
Block Houses.
Correspondence of the. Courier and Enquirer.
MASSACHUSETTS ELECTION.
Botrox, November 20,1839.
It is now understood that there lias been no
election of (jovemor by the People; and this I be
hove'Comprises every thing that*.a definitely as
certained in regard to tho late Massachusetts Elec
tion.
Ill Uie Senate, 15 Whigs havo been elected,nnd
13 Loco Focos. Tiioro uro tieclce vacancies in
tlie Senate, to be filled by the House of Ucprc
tentative*.
In the Hoiiso there is nn estimated Whig maj
ority of about a dozon votes. Fifty six members
aro to be chosen on Monday next. On the char
acter of these member* will depend the political
complexion of the House; the chnmctcrof the
choice of Governor. So you seo that nil thnt wo
cun now definitely promise is tho non-election,
therefore, of a Loco Foco Governor. The elec
tion* of Monday will determine tho question
whether or not Massachusetts »* » Whig Wtiito,
Morton’s plurality, as reported by Uio Atlas,
244; ns reported by the Bay State Democrat, 405}
by tho Post, 523. From forty towns there * ore
already returns of 235 scattering votes. There is
reason to hejiovo that the Whigs will now nvunito;
nnd losing .sight ol the License Law, which it is
nclvv agreed on all sides to abandon, secure the
Whig assrcndancy in tho State. This can be
done, nnd I doubt not will bo. Tho Whigs nro
surprised nud disappointed, and fool tliat tho only
hope of luaintniuiug the party ascendancy in tiio
State i* to secure a competent number uf tha ffy-six
members yet to be elected.
I regret to Inurn that tho Hon. Win. B. Calhoun
and the Hon. John Reed, of our Congressltuuff
delegation, nro so ill that they inay be tinableqo
toko their scuts in tho House in season to vota on
tho election of Speaker.
In tho Franklin district there can now be no
election ofa member in season to take his seat at
the opening of the scMion. Thus tiioro will bo in
all probability throe Whig votos, in Uio Massa
chusetts delegation lost on tho speakership.
Commercial Journal*
LATEST DATES.
From Liverpool, Oct 10 1 From Mobile... .Nov. 18.
From Havre Oct. 15 | From N. Orleans, Nov.13,
ALEXANDRIA, NOV. 21.—Flour.—A ssle
.)00 barrels of Flour wss made on Tuesday at 40.
Another lot of 200 bills, at $0, ono of 150 bbfs at $6,
and 100 bids, st $0 00. Wo hoard of no sales yes-
tordsy. J ho nrtlclo is hold at #0 00 to 0 25, and
soino not ovcndUpoaod to soil ut the Utter.—Oat.
PASSENGERS
Per stenmliont Beaufort District, flu Charles-
jon—Mrs R 11 Kirk,Mias A Kirk, Miss Dovtuch,
To Planter*.
A COMPETENT Manager of Kepm, s
Rico nml Cotton planter, will take vmploj-
ipont for fair waxes on a Colton or Rica l’Una-
lion, on tho lint day of January emulator cart,
or if required. A 1111101100 on the S«s Uuh
will lie preferred. Reference na to the capability,
sobriety, and industrious habile uf the applicant;
cau lie turd, ho being wot! known ta bur uf the
wealthier planters Tn tho low part ofGtOtjisixl
South Carolina. Apply at this office.
nov 80 834t
A Desirable Ofifer. ~
T O RENT—Tho sulMcribtr’e Store, on ks
wharf, well adapted for a Ship Chsndkrj
Grocery, or miy business connected with dijf-
ping. It is needless for him to .ay moia of tlna
adruutaguousoffer to those who wouldoeiueti
embark in that tine, as it is well known to ho ras
oflho host in town. . , . ,, ,, ,
Tlnr subscriber would also Inform kl«fnev»
tinr ho has embarked in the 8teanrboal bouse*
nnd hi. servicer,or those of bit second sea, «<■
F. Guilmortiu, con be elwnya had at lit. wtwb
for thoao shipping, Ac. by tiio .teamen Bemfnt
N. B —Also to rent, a spacious, thru
House,' heretofore known as "J h® Indepcnoenl
Hotel," (Vonting on the Bay, In East Broad drjrb
well Adapted for a Boarding House, with axes
Pin AUev, Bar, &e. attached. DorW)
ZS«
oa
tJVr 111 pipes pure Holland Gin, rsneos
brands
6 linlfpipesSoignotto Brandy
6 do 1st proof Domestic Brandy
6 puncheon. Jamaica Rum
5 qr casks sweet Malaga Wins
10 qr casks Golden Sherry, Hied/ end MB’
■ neillorMadeira . _ ot __
84 dox Duff,Gordon* Co’sGokknBtxnj.
vintage of!889
80 dua Port nud Hock Wines
£0 boxes Cici". River No. 1 S»np
fill caret Pickles -
80 reams Foolscap Paper
For sale on accommodating tonne.
nov 80 GEORGE II. MAri_
" Ladd, Tapper * »Utar*i
O FFER for .ale ou good term.,
150 libds firrt qunfity Cuba MoUseos -
.100 bags good, fair and prime green Cubs b°”«e
150 do superior old Jan J-
GO mats very fine old Manilla
Ilia), prmio Porto Rico Sugar
85 boxes Boston refilled Loaf do
10 libls first quality crushed do
80 half chests superior Black Tea
50 half boxes Baxer’a No 1 Chocolate
50 bags heavy Sumatra Popper
185 pot 48 inch Dundee Bagging
800 koss Cut Neils, assorted .
50 casks Drmvn Stout, qunruand junto
00 baskets Chauipajmo, Anchor and Jwy
50 boxes Sparkling Hock
830 M Spanish Segnrs iioantW
4 pipes Holland Gin, Beehive end Hour*
8 half pipes London Dock Brandy
10 do do J. J. Dupuy * Co. do
10 do American d° „ a,',
100 bhls Connecticut Gin, Phelps &Gowaj
100 do Boston do, Eagle brana
100 do do Rum *>
> 10 do superior Baltimore Whiskey
10 do do old Mouongnhola do > _ 0(ti
100 halfpipes aud quarter casks Madeira,
Jicily Mi -“
Sicily Madeira and Pico Wine*
100 bags Shot, oasorted
100 Grindstone!
novflj*_
-g A FI RlS N fcKJoshra Butter, juatrecei” 4
1 Uand for ^ NG & p A TTEng5^
Tin Plate.
O NE hundred boxes Tinl’tote Jx
5001b. Block Tin, 500 Hy L»|
for sale by N. B. * **.
nov 20
Bolts,
;i>.
Caracas t ’5? c ®“’ illI , received
SJAA LBS. Caracas Cocos, just "*•
DUU umlforralob^ & p ^pTERSOfL_
nov 20
A N assortment of lliirain Iron Grates, J
jfX. ceived and for sale by WEED,
nov 83 N. B &h "