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Wtcklrs 'ihronllt & Sentinel.
OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX.
THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
0 PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY
BY J. W. & W. 8. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
IS PUBLISHED AT
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years, or two subscribers one year for #5.
Ten subscribers, one year, for #2O 00
Tri-Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum.
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
Cash System.—ln no case will an orderforthe
paper ho attended to, unless accompanied with
the money; and in every instance when the time
for which any subscription may be paid, expires
before the receipt offnntls to renew the subscrip
tion, the paper will bediscontinued. Depreciated
money received at its value in this city.
FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 11, 1845.
The Methodist Episcopal Church.—At
the convocation of Bishops of the Methodist E.
Church, recently held in this city, says the N.
York Commercial, only four were present, viz:
Bishops Redding, Waugh, Morris and Janes.
Bishop Soule, by letter, declined to attend, and
Bishop Hamline notified his colleagues that he
should be prevented by other engagements.—
Bishop Andrew, wc believe, was not notified.—
The resolutions adopted are understood tc be a
full recognition of the separation agreed upon at
5 and action of the late 3e»-
WafcCoß&feficefaiitf also-a decision that She
• majority ot every society in the border confer
ences have authority to determine by vote to
which side of the line they will be attached,
and the Bishops attending those conferences will
act accordingly. A new plan of episcopal vi
sitation has been agreed upon, the jurisdiction
over the Southern conferences being regarded
as terminated on the pail of the Bishops ad
hering to the Not th.
The Philadelphia Ledger gives, as a report,
that the Court Martial in Capt. Voorhees has
sentenced bi n to suspension lor three years,
without pay, for seizin); the navy of the Argen
tine Republic. He is now under trial for diso
bedience of orders, &c.
At a loot race near Stonington, Conn., last
week, a Major Champlin performed a mile in
four minutes and nineteen seconds.
Some doubt now exists as to whether the Au
gust interest on the Pennsylvania debt can he
paid when it falls due. Philadelphia County,
it appears, has not the power to borrow the sum
necessary to be advancer, by her for the purpose.
Circulation or City Newspapers.—The
New Yo?k Sun and Tribune have received
the printing of the list of letters from the Post
office, satisfactory evidence having been given
the Postmaster of that city by the publishers,
that the circulation of the two papers was high
er than any others in the city. The circula
tion of the Sun, as exhibited under the required
affidavits, is as follows: daily in the city, 34,-
802; daily in the country, 7,838; total 42,640.
This is the largest circulation of any daily news
paper in the United States.
According to the statement of Hie Secretary
of the Treasury the Public Deposites, subject
to draft, onthe22d ultimo, amounted to $7,344,-
933,68.
The Lowell Courier, speaking of the new
spinning frame noticed recently, says: “The
frame is now in operation on the Hamilton cor
poration. It is a very beautiful machine. It
was invented by Mr. McCully, ol Patterson,
N. J. It spins a greater quantity of yarn in
less time and with less power,than the old spin
ning frames, but whether it will supersede their
use is by no means a settled point.”
The Newark Daily Advertiser records the
death ol another Jersey Blue, Mr. Jacob
Homer, Sen., who died at his residence in
Salem, (West Jersey,) on the 28th ultimo, aged
85 years. He was engaged at different periods
during the war of the revolution in driving bag
gage wagons and carrying provisions to the
American army. He crossed the Delaware
with Washington on the night previous to the
battle of Trenton, being at the time 16 years
old.
Mr. Tristram Richards, who was a soldierat
West Poin' when Arnold’s treason was dis
covered, died recently in New Jersey.
Advices have been received at New York
from Rio de Janeiro up to the 26ih of May.
The U. S. frigate Raritan sailed from Rio on
the 22.1 of Mav lor Montevideo. The U. S.
sloop of war Boston was at Montevideo, and the
U. S. brig Bainbridge was absent on a cruise.
The dispute between thego”ernmenl of Para
guay and Corrientes, respecting the forty-eight
vessels under the flag of Rosas, which were
bound for Paraguay, and were seized by Man
daraiga, Governor of Corrientes, about eight
months ago, has been settled in a friendly man
ner.
The campaign against Buenos Avres, iris
said, is intended to be opened early in October,
with an army of 10,000, which is to be joined
-by a large force from Paraguay.
.’The army ol Rosas is now in possession of
thawhole Republic of Uruguay, with the ex
ception of Montevideo.
The Prospect.—The “ Federal Union" of
the Btl»inst. has the following paragraphs in re
ference to the weather, crops, &c.:
The Weather.— Partial and insufficient rains
bavr fallen during the last week in this section
of the country. We think they are sufficient to
ensure bread to the husbandman, and that fam
ine, grim visaged famine, will notappear in our
land. The drought has been, and in some places
is, exceedingly severe; nothing like it having
Occurred since the year 1818.
The Season.— Rain, by lhe 4:h ot July, has
heretofore been thought early enough to remedy
the evil of insufficient rains in June, and to en
sure a fair average crop of coin in this section
of the country. The rains ot this month, se’
in on the third inst., but they are thus far partial
and light. The season is by two weeks for
ward of the usual time, and the corn erop will
therefore be less benefited than mieflu be ex
pected. A year of scarcity is inevitable.
Evidence of the forwardness of Hie season.—We
had in the opening of spring, many proofs of the
extreme forwardness ol the season. The for
wardnessol the fruits of summer now bear the
same testimony. Melons heretofore rare on the
4th of July, have been plenty since the 20tli ult.
Peaches are equally before their usual time.
The appearance of certain birds and insects is
equally forward. The July fly or Calydid of
our woods, so punctual heretofore on the first of
July, were thick and noisy on the toad side, ou
the evening ot the 20th ult.
Brooms The Evening Post says that a
Yankee broom maker in Ohio has leased twelve
hundred acres ol bottom land, on the Scioto
river, near Columbus, and planted the entire
plot in krooni cma, with the view to export the
crop to England, where he. intends to proceed
himself, and engage extensively in the manu
facturing ot brooms, taking with him the wood
for the handles, and the machinery used for the
purpose. The Post adds that brooms made from
the American broom corn areso much superior,
tor various uses, to any thing to be had in Eng
land, that they have become, within a tew years
past, quite in favor in that country, and are
now exported thither in large quantities.
Matches, not matrimonial but locofoco, are
made in vast quantities in New York by ma
chinery. Small blocks of wood are driven
through steel plates titled with small holes in
almost an instant ot lime. They are then dip
ped into the prepared paste, put up in paoer
boxes, and sold at something like a dozen boxes
for sixpence. They are vended about the citv
' by great numbers of children, who are boarded
and lodged by the manufacturers. Two mil
lions of matches are used in that city every day,
and an equal quantity exported.
Itis said that I. >uis Pltillippe, in filling the
vast gallery at Versailles with paintings an-l
sculptures, has expended upwards of eighty
millions ot francs—about £3,300,001) sterling
The Thorndike Company is erecting a large
factory in Palmer, Mass., a tew miles east ot
Springfield.
A large c ‘tton mil! has been recently erected
at Salm m Falls, N. H It will give employ
ment to 400 girls.
Correspondence between the Texan Secrc
y tary of State an® ou'r Charge d' Affaires.
fcoWbi.CDfjn.]
(Mr. Donelson to Mr. Allen.)
{Legation or the United States, 1
HWirigfoii/June 11th, 1845. )
The undersigned, Charge d’Affaires ot the
United States, referring to his note of the 24th
ult., in answer to that ot the 19th, from the Hon.
Mr. Allen, on the subject of the protection
) which, under certain emergencies, the United
States would be expected to afford Texas, has
now lhe satisfaction of replying more explicitly,
in conformity to instructions which he has re
ceived from the President of lhe United Stales.
‘ Reciting several indications ofthe belligerent
' intentions of Mexico, the Hon. Mr. Allen re
marks, that “a new invasion of the territory ot
Texas may be reasonably apprehended, if the.
proposals lately received front the United States
for the annexation of Texas to tljssiKideral
Union should be accepted by Texas, of which
result the sure indications of the popular will
exhibited from the various portions of the Re
publie, present to the inind an assurance so
strong as to challenge conviction, and leave
scarcely a possible room for doubt”; and after
further asking whether, under such circum
stances, so well calculated to disturb the tran
quility ot the settlements along the western
frontier ot Texas, it n ould not be proper lor lhe
United States to extend to them protection, he
adds, that “the people of Texas would regard
the presence ofthe requisite force on their Iron
tier in noother light than as an act of justice anti!
friendship properly accorded during the pending']
of the measures in progress for annexation, I
and as an indication' 1 tifo-dd justly .due th-a*"J
in the com JW&iintfonal Steps yet
necessary to tfoeir admission into the Union.”
And the Hon. Mt. Allen also remarks, after
enumerating some of the burthens which are
thrown upon Texas in consequence ot her action
upon the Joint Resolution tor her admission as
a State into the Federal Union, that he “cannot
for a moment entertain the belief, that the
United States will requ ; » that Texas shall
albnesustam these burthens ; and especially in
the event ofthe renewal ot the war by Mexico,
that this Republic will be expected to bear ex
clusively its burthviis, since, in reality, such a
war would be hastened and occasioned by the
acts, and aimed at lhe interests no less of the
United States than of Texas. ’
In answer to the application thus made lor
lhe employment of the troops of the United
States on the frontier of Texas, the undersigned
is authorized to say that as soon as the existing
Government and lhe Convention of Texas shall
have accepted the terms of annexation now
under their consideration,' the President of the
United States will then conceive it to be both
his right and his duty, to employ the army in
defending this State against the attacks of any
foreign power; and, that this defence may be
promply and efficiency given, should the antici
pated emergency arise rendering it necessary,
the undersigned is also authorized to say, that a
force consisting ol three thousand men, placed
upon the bonier adjacent to Texas, will be pre
pared to act without a moment’s delay, within
ihe territory ot Texas, as circumstances may
require, so as best to rep-l invasion.
The President of the United S aws feels in
all their force the obligations which enjoin
upon him as a sacred duty the defence of
Texas, after she shall have accepted the condi
tions which have been submitted, for her ad
mission into the Union, in accordance with a
solemn resolution ot Congress. An assault
upon her just rights for this cause and under
such ciicuinstanees, will be an assault upon the
United States, and it will be teltthe morekeenly,
because it will involve the idea that the United
Statescan be made to abandon the injunctions
of good faith from the fear ot lhe arms ol a
foreign power.
Although Texas may not actually be a Slate
of the Federal Union, until lhe new Constitution
she is about to make may be completed and
then accepted by the Congress of lhe Uniled
S.ates, in lhe manner that has been customary
with the new Slates now in the Union, yet it
cannot be denied that whilst she is prosecuting.
with sincerity the work necessary on her part
to effect this object, she possesses the rights ol
a State so far as to be entitled to protection. If
sne accepts and executes the provisions of the
two first sections of the Joint Resolution now
before her, and that she will, the Hon. Mr.
Allen assures lhe undersigned there is scarcely
a possible room for doubt, she will be betwixt
the period of her doing so, and that ol formal ad
mission by the passage of the usual declaratory
law in the same situation that many of the
present States ofthe Union were when they had
complied with the preparatory or preliminary
conditions required by Congress, but were not
yet actually received into the family of States.
Like those States, she will have fulfilled all the
requisitions ol Congress; and in respect to the
dissimilarity in situation, growing out cf her
previous separate nationality, the only effect
can be, to increase, if this were possible, the
obligation upon Congress to pass lhe pledged
law for her admission, because in exchanging
her nationality tor that of the “ e pluribus unum”
ofthe Federal Union, she will have been sub
jected to greater burihens, arid in case of disap
pointment, would suffer more in her social and
political relations.
In considering Texas then as a State, after
she shall lave accepted the conditions now
under her consideration and action, annexing
her to the Union, so far at least as to be entitled
to protection against the attacks of any foreign
nation, lhe President of the United States can
have assumed no questionable power; and it
is gratifying to know that its exercise will be as
acceptable to the Government and People of
Texas as it is consistent with the principles of
justice and the high dictates of honor and pa
triotism. But the undersigned trusts that the
emergency, now so threatening as to render
necessary the preparation ot an armed force to
act within the limits of Texas, may yet disap
pear, and that the measure of annexation may
be consummated in peace. It is difficult to an
ticipate a different conclusion for a measure
which seems to be as necessary to the restora
lion of order and security io Mexico, as it is to
ihe preservation of the reciprocal interests ot
Texas and the United States; but if it cannot
be carried into effect peaceably in consequence
ol the opposition made to it by European govern
ments, the motives for adhering to it are not the
less strong.
If Texas cannot be allowed to enjoy the
blessings ol peace and independence, as one ol
the sovereign members ofthe American Union,
without asking permission of Mexico, or of the
monarchies of Europe, the fact is worth volumes
ofargument in explainmgthe duty of those who
are struggling to maintain a system of govern
ment founded on the will and controlled by the
anthotitv of the people.
The United Slates di.inot seek to influence
the action of Texas, whose free will first pro
posed the measure of annexation. On the con
trary, history will reco'd the event as new in
the annals of nations, that the United Stales,
avoiding lhe practice ot almost all the great
powers of the world, maintained a position on
this question so subordinate to the sentiment
of respect tor even the prejudices of Mexico,
that they for many years refused to consider it,
nor did they sanction the measure at last, until
it became apparent that its longer postponement
would inflict an injury upon both Texas and
themselves, which could uot be reconciled with
a sincere desire to sustain the Republican
cause. Yet no sooner is this measure, so long
delayed, and decided upon, after being subjected
to all the tests which could free it from misap
prehension and prejudice, brought within lhe
reach ofthe people ot the two countries, and
with a unanimity on the pint cf Texas almost
entire, than she is tol I she must abandon it, or
othei wise take the altei native of a war. For
su h substantially is the proposition now brought
forward under the auspices of the French and
English Governments, by which Mexico at
length agrees to recognise the independence of
Texas, provided she will bind herself not to
change her separate nationality.
The undersigned leels authorised to advert to
the aspect given to this question by the recent
action of the Mexican Government, because of
its necessary connection with the emergency an
ticipated bv this Government, and made the ba
sis of the request for the employment of the
troops of ihe United States within the limits of
Texas. After a solemn resolution of lhe Con
gress of the United Stales has pledged the faith
of lhe Union to the admission of Texas as a
State, on conditions which are satisfactory, and
which she is about to execute with unexampled
unanimity,she receivesan offer of independence
under the auspices of lhe English and French
Ministers, with a proviso that she will never an
nex herself to any other state.
Under such circumstances it may be unneces
sary, but it cannot be indelicate or improper on
the part of the undersigned, when he declares to
this government that whilst the Uniled Stales
are incapable of any expedient to take from the
action of Texas, the merit ot a free and un
biassed choice, they are yet equally incapable of
being driven from the support of obligations
which have been or may be contracted by such
aciion, no matter under what auspices or by
what pretexts such an allempt may be made.
That this proposition from Mexico would be
enforced, as a restraint upon the sovereignty ot
l exas, if the port er existed to do so, is demon
strated by all the circumstances of its adoption.
The Minister of the Foreign Affairs ot Mexico,
"hen asking for the authorization ot the Cha
mbers to negotiate with Texas on the basis of her
independence, at the same time declared that
the army on the Rio Grande would be reinforced,
and ihe agency that obtained and brought back
io this Government the declaration that the door
is open tor negotiation of a definite treaty be
tween ths two nations, brought also the formal
notification thgt tWMoor will be closed again
it Texas consents in any manner to the resolu
tion passed by the Congress ofthe United States
on the subject of annexation. Thus is it made
difficult for Texas, even had her judgment led
her to reject the overture for her admission into
the Federal Union, to accept the propositions
from Mexico, without incurring the imputation
of being awed by an armed force kept avow
edly upon her frontier to commence hostilities,
if her decision should be different from that pre
scribed lor her. Noris this difticullyjlessened
because it has connected with it the kind offices
ot lhe governments of France and Great Britain.
Vie werl in its best aspect, it shows that a shackle
upon the present, and prospective relations of
Texas, in defiance of her sovereign will, is re
solved upon by others, not to satisfy Mexico—
because she, in recognizing the independence of
Texas, admits her inability to place this re
straint upon it, but to satisfy other and different
interests.
When it is Texas alter nine
years of actual indepitfdence, is far more able
than she was at first toWnhlain it, and that this
fact is well known to France and England, hold
ing as they do, diplomatic relations with both
Mexico and Texas, this attempt to establish
a condition upon the sovereignty of Texas, will
attract the attention ot the world. Did it stand
alone, unconnected with the law of lhe United
Stales on the subject oiannexation, it could not
but excite the apprehension of all who respect
the equal rights of nations, but contemplated as
au, attempt to subvert the principle which lies
| at lhe foundation of popular government, it as
stitwes an importance that must touch the heart
| of ewr.- loygr of free tote 4
&MRI Jho have tiny knowledge of life state of
the annexation question, must see that the con
dition upon the sovereignty of Texas proposed
by Mexico, applies in an equal degree to the
sovereignty of the Federal Union, if Texas
chooses to become a part of it. What then can
be the motives for such an offer, with the pen
alty, if it be rejected, of war denounced upon
both the United Stales and Texas, when the
very' offer admits the inability of Mexico to en
force such a penally upon Texas akne-'l Was
it that Texas, about to form and express her
determination upon lhe proposals submitted by
the United States for her admission into the
Federal Union, could not be led to reject them
from an apprehension of continued war with
Mexico, I ut might be so led if to this appre
hen.-ion could be added that of immediate war
between lhe United States and,the great Euro
pean power that has cherished with so much
zeal lhe hope Texas would preserve het.
separate iiatHMgalilty 4 With this Object tn
view, the mcnHßecmal mode of protnotingT*
was to give boll Bess to the defiance hurled by
Mexico at the'Uniied Stales. In proportion to
her ability to execute her threats would arise the
probability that she could not have seriously
proposed a limitation upon the sovereignty ol
both Texas and the United States, under lhe
kind auspices ot two ofthe most powerful mon
archies, without having some cause to expect
their aid in maintaining it. The undersigned
feels the high responsibility be takes when he
ascribes to the agents of other governments a
design to influence the decision of Texas upon
the question of annexation, by means that are
foreign to its merits; but he is sustained by the
developements that are made as the time for
the expression of this decision approaches. It
was his duly in looking at (he slate of things
which has justified the President of this Repub
lic in making application for the force ofthe
United Slates to protect her from invasion,
whilst she is executing I lie compact which is to
make her a part ofthe Union, not to pass unno
ticed the leature in lhe action of Texas which
will secure to it the admiration ofthe world.
The manifestations of her wish and determina
tion to be restored to the bosom of the Republi
can family have been unchanged by the denun
ciation of war and have been expressed in op
position to most'ariful attempts to create a doubt
aoout the final action of the Congress of the
United States in passing the law yet necessary
for her admission into the Union. So generous
a confidence is worthy of a people who value
the blessings pt freedom, and cannot be disap
pointed. As sure as Texas accepts the propo
sals for herannexation to the Union, and adopts
a Republican form of government not incom
patible in ns provisions with the Constitution of
the United States; so sure will the Congress of
ihe United States, which has never yet violated
its engagements, declare Texas to be a State ot
the Ur.ton, with all the sovereignly rights and
privileges of any other State.
The undersigned, in submitting these obser
vations on the character of the proceedings on
the part of Mexico to defeat annexation, is far
from intimating a question of the course pur
sued by His Excellency the President of this
Republic on the subject. As the Executive
Chief Magistrate, he lias received with kind
ness and courtesy the viewsofthe United States,
and he has submitted the Joint Resolution to the
people and the Congress of Texas with a
prompt avowal of his willingness to execute
their decision upon them. In feeling it to be his
duty to be equally bound to respect the proposals
of other governments, offered in terms of kind
ness and affecting the highest interests of his
country, the United States, far from complaining,
will rather be gratified that thus Texas will have
been afforded all the means ot an enlightened
judgment.
The undersigned renews to the Hon. Mr. Al
len, assurances of the high regard with which
he remains his obedient servant,
A. J. DONELSON.
[Mr. Donelson to Mr. Alien,]
Legation of the United States, )
Washington, Texas, June 13,1845. j
The undersigned, Charged’Affaires ot the
United States, has the honor to invite the atten
tion ot the Hon. Mr. Allen to the alleged objec
tions which exi t to the proposals contained in
the Joint Resolution for the annexation of Ttx
as to the Union, and to the expenses which are
inseparable from her acceptance and execution
of these proposals.
It was the object of the undersigned when he
first presented the Resolution, to show the pro
priety of adhering to its first and second sections
as the basis of annexation, leaving out of view
as impracticable and inexpedient iis third or
last section. Further reflection confirms the
correctness of that position, and it is now con
ceded that the course adopted is the one most
acceptable to Texas herself. Both in lhe U.
States and here all parties seem to have come to
the conclusion that on the basis of the first and
second sections lhe proposed union ought
to take place, and that it is better to leave the
correction of such defects as they may contain
to future Legislative agreements alter Texas
shall have become a State, than to attempt it
now.
What these defects are, and what the reme
dies ought to be, a little time and experience
will soon develope, and it is always safe to
wait for these guides if they can be obtained
without too much present sacrifice. Thus, not
withstanding the objections existing in the basis
selected, they may be more manageable and less
hazardous to the success of the measure than
any remedies wbiehcould now b» supplied. It
that basis be accepted by Texas it secures her
admission into lhe Union with the least possi
ble delay and expense, and it leaves the objec
tions to be o viated hereafter when they ean be
examined without prejudice, with all the infor
mation and light which can be collected from
the records and experience of both countries.
After the admission of Texas as a state the
party excitement engendered by lhe discussion
ofthe measure will have passed away—she will
have Representatives in both Houses of Con
gress to explain her wants—and it may be ex
pected that with the accession of so large a ter
ritory to the limitsofthe Union, will comethose
good and liberal feelings which have never yet
failed to bring to a national measure, once con
summated, the support and protection ol all par
ties, nor ever permitted injustice or injury, sec
tional or individual, to remain a blot upon lhe
escutcheon of lhe Uniou. In proportion then
as Texas has suffered from the delay of the
measure which is to restore her to the bosom of
her natural friends, in proportion as her struggle
to achieve and maintain her independence has
exposed her to merciless assaults from Mexi
cans and savages, may she expect to have the
uoble band that fought her battles honored and
rewarded, and all the fruits of her success in
war and in peace blesssed bv the sympathy and
compensated by the love and admiration of a
happy and united people.
But should the existing Government of Tex
as, or the Convention which is soon to assem
ble, insist upon some specific expression in re
spect to the future disposition ot their public
lands, and of lhe occupancy of the Indian
tribes within the limits, the undersigned would
make the following suggestions on these sub
jects, pointing out a mode by which this may
be done without making such expression a quali
fication of the acceptance and ratification ofthe
provisions contained in the first and second sec
tions of the Joint Resolution. Upon the sup
position that Texas is admitted as a State hav
ing adopted without change or alteration lhe
terms of those sections, what will be her situa
tion!
She will have within her limits the Caman
che Indians and other fierce and warlike tribes
with no stipulation respecting the mode in
which they are to be restrained from depreda
tion, or their occupancy ot lhe lands, now open
to them for hunting anil cultivation regulated
It is obvious that the expense and burthens ol
war with these Indians cannot and will not be
borne by Texas alone; and yet it is equally ob
vious that the United States when held respon
sible for their control and guardianship should
be so only as they are allowed to introduce
amongst them the Indian policy, which, with
the consent of the other Slates of the Union, as-
AUGUSTA, GA., THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 17, 1845.
ter much experience, has been adopted and is
now so much admired. It has been found that
the location ot Indians as a distinct community
within the limits of a State, has been produc
tive of much embarrassment, and hence the ef
fort has been made to extinguish their title when
thus located, and assign to them a separate ter
ritory. Thus the laws of the U. States regula
ting trade and intercourse with them are kept
free from conflict with the jurisdiction of the
States, and the efforts to introduce amongst
them the habits of husbandry' and the blessings
of education and religion, directed by the power
ot the Federal Government)-,, have been so far
crowned with success as to justify the hope that
these races may yet be reclaimed and perpetua
ted. The atttainment of these benevolent ob
jects amongst the Indians within the limits of
Texas, may be much obstructed, if there be not
some specific agreement hereafter by which lhe
Indian policy elsewhere enforced by lhe United
States may be extended to Texas.
So also in respect to the public land’ which
are left by the provisions ot lhe Joint Resolu
tion without cession to the United States. This
was done because it was believed that the pub
lic debt of Texas could not be extinguished if
she parted with her lands. And the assump
tion of that debt was impracticable because it
would have been setting a dangerous precedent,
not warranted, in the judgment ofthe large por
tion of Congress, by the Constitution ofthe United
States. Hence nothing could be settled <liffer
ently from what it is in lhe Resolution on this
subject.
Both honor and justice forbade the United
States from touching the oniV resource, wirkh
MmtFuuinissfon inio tfie’Unfon, would be left to
Texas to pay the debt contracted in the war for
her indepe- dence. Although in many points of
view the reasons were urgent for insisting on
the operations within her limits ot the same land
system which has been introduced with so
much advantage into the other States ofthe
Union, yet they were given up rather than en
danger the passage ofthe bill, or leave doubtful
the ability of Texas to discharge the highest and
most sacred of all public obligations, the pay
ment of the means which have been borrowed
and expended to advance the cause of liberty
and independence. It is, however, not the less
true if an agreement can be made tor the pay
ment ol this debt by a pledge of these lands for
lhe purpose, that the prosperity ol Texas like
that of the other Stales of the Union would be
promoted. The land system now in force in the
United States has worked admirably well, and
has contributed greatly to the prosperity ot the
new States by giving uniformity to the surveys,
(and that general accuracy in lhe establishment
of metes and bouffdafieiwhich are so useful in
preventing litigation rind protecting the rights
of the hardy tillers of the soil. Even those States
that surrendered the territory out of which the
large additions to the republican family has been
made have found that they have been more than
'■omnetisaled in relief from any system they
could have enforced separately tor the preserva
tion, survey and sale of the lands. be
doubled that the like causes would produce the
like effects in Texas.
Under these views of this subject, and seeing
that equal and exact justice to all the States ot
the Union, wouid require that all their public
lands should rest on the same fooling, and be
administered under the same uniform system;
the only question to solve is, how can this be
done without leaving Texas unable todiscliarge
her public debt, and without means to put into
efficient operation her State Government.
The undersigned, tn proposing to answer
this question, does so with gieat deference to
the better judgment and greater experience of
the many able citizens who will consider and
will have the right to act upon it. Not would
he attempt it but tor his great desire, that what
may be done on the subject, should be so done
as not to raise any new question re-peettogfoe
powers of the Congress ol the United Siwes.—
His object is to give success to the present mea
sure ot annexation, which is now entirely with
in the control of Texas, if she accepts the pro
visions of the law of Congress before her, and
puls nothing in her Constitution of a debateable
nature as respects either her rights or interests,
or those of the Union. If the Convention soon
to assemble, were to make their acceptance of
the provisions of the first and second sections
ol that law, dependent upon the adoption by the
Congress ofthe United States, of any definite’ ,
disposition ofthese debated questions, lhe mea
sure of annexation might be re-opened in the
United States, and subjected again to al! the de
lay which it would be in the power of those op
posed to it to create. Such questions, if made a
condition of admission, might encounter opposi
tion from members of Congress who would
make none at all to their liberal settlement,
after Texas is admitted as a State. Such mem
bt rs, believing the measure of annexation to be
injurious to the country, would make opposition
to it, wt ile they have any plea for so Joing.—
After the measure, however, is once settled by
the action of Texas in fulfilling literally all the
provisions of the Joint Resolution, it is not to
be supposed that they will allow that opposition
to I ecome injustice or illiberality to Texas.—
Hence if the Convention should form and ex
press any definite opinion on these subjects, the n
safe course would be to express it, notasaqnal
ideation of their acceptance of the terms pro
posed by the United States, or as in any manner
connected with the question of admission, but
as a proposition or opinion altogether indepen
dent ol such acceptance.
For instance, the Convection, when making
the new government and clothing it with the
power, as it doubtless will, to ascertain and
liquidate the publicdebt of Texas, might direct
that this debt might have a perpetual security
for its faithful payment in all the unappropri
ated lands, and that thus pledged, it might be
c impetent for the Legislature of lhe Slate to
cede the lands in trust to lhe United States, with
an obligation to apply the proceeds arising from
the sale thereof, to the extinguishment of the
debt of Texas, the United States to have juris
diction over all the lands within the occupancy
of the Indians, and the right to extend over it
the same Indian policy which is in operation
upon the other Indian territory ot the United
Slates. Or if, instead ot wailing lor the ascer
tainment and liquidation of Texas, the Conven
tion should prefer to empower the Legislature
to make the cession ot the public land tor a fair
and adequate sum of money, the amount to be
settled by aereement between lhe Legislature
and the Congress of the United States, the same
object could be obtained in the same manner.—
An independent proposition in either of these
forms, woul 1 be so just and reasonable, so con
sonant with the established policy of the United
States, and so beneficial to Texas, that it cannot
be doubled it would receive the sanction ol Con
gress. Such a proposition the President of lhe
United States hari empowered the undersigned
tosayto this Government, if adopted separate
and apart from the question of her admission
into the Union, and not as a qualification of her
acceptance ot the terms contained in the first
and second section of the Joint Resolution, shall
receive his cordial support, and will be earnest
ly recommended to the favorable consideration
of Congress.
To such a proposition might also be added
estimates ol the expenditures which have been
thrown upon Texas in consequence of the steps
necessary to obtain her compliance with the law
admitting her into the Union, which, with the
claims already acknowledged by the United
Statesarising out of the cases ot Snively and
the Revenue District on Red River, will doubt
less be paid by Congress.
In respect to the burthens which may be
thrown upon Texas, should she accept the pro
posals for her admission into the Union, bv the
threatened invasion of Mexico, lhe undersigned
has already informed the Hon. Mr. Allen of the
steps which will be taken by the President of
the United States to protect Texas. Such an
invasion, occasioned by the acts of the United
States, and aimed at the destruction ofthe inter
ests of the United States, as well as those of
Texas, it will of course be the duty of the Pre
sident of the United States to repel; and the ex
penditures and losses incident to the perform
ance of this duty, will be paid out of the Trea
sury of the Union.
The undersigned having stated thus generally
the views of lhe Government of the United
States, for the information of this Government,
showing the necessity for a literal adherence to
the provisions of the first and second sections of
the Joint Resolution, in order to ensure lhe safe
tv of the annexation measure, will detain the
Hou. Mr. Allen with but few- more remarks.
According to those provisions, all that the
Congress, which is to assemble on Monday
next, will have to do cn the subject, will be to
express their assent to them, and if thought
proper, to sanction the call ot the convention,
which has been made by the President of the Re
public. tor the purpose ot ascertaining the wish
es of the people, and enabling them to make a
new Constitution. When this convention then,
declare also their acceptance of these provisions,
and makes the Constitution, providing for its
transmission to the President of the United
States with the properevidence of its ratification
or adoption by the people, the work ot annexa
tion will be completed as tar as the action of
Texas is concerned. Nothing will remain to be
done, but the passage of a simple Resolution on
the part of the Congress of the United States,
declaring that Texas, having fulfilled all the re
quisitions of law. is a member of the Union,
equal, independent, and sovereign with the other
States.
The undersigned cannot but felicitate himself
in having been called to contribute his humble
aid to an object so deeply interesting 81 s the in
corporation of Texas into the American Union.
Not understood originally by the great mass of
the people of the United States, it has had to
work its way slowly through party prejudice,
and that spirit of distrust which is a necessary
shield against the dahi&sof reckless adventure
and innovation. Bt i.- like most other good
tilings, it has had to bear disap
pointment and detw®' and it has risen the
stronger from which has been
made to give it a direbupn adverse to its true
character. It Is hojas»r not so much annexa
tion, as the nianngtsHsKjrthii; gives it impor
tance, and elevatesMsjßh motal question far
above those acquisOgsiffterritory which have
been made by most®- f’lejfreat nations of the
earth by violence atiffiblpodshed. There has
been no conquest injaferinstance, not even an
effort to influence of the people of
Texas. On the by their own
free will, neither be I fled(by repulse on the part
ol the United Statgte«H£mpled by the coun
sels ot other maintained their
virtuous independeuegSteing confidently that
time and discussion wlißtopen the way, not by
swords but by voteai'lMpair restoration to the.
Union. -
The undersigned. jMP IO the Hon. Mr. Al
len, assurances oft be M regard with which
he continues to
His servant,
J. DONELSON.
Thalberg.— description of
the celebrated inusieiiffiJlfhalberg, is contain
ed in a recent letter friaMMMris, published in the
Newark Daily Advertise,:
I have been to a tri no ordinary char-
acter, The first »>S> } fi«aipn I What a
<♦Wferfof to-w-t><??i’'utits«e words can be
justly applied. I went yesterday with a friend
to the shop ot a cobbler. “ This roan” said he;
“is the first cobbler in Paris. He is an artist
ot great fame, and will incorporate a patch with
a boot so ingeniously, as to be invisible almost
to the eye; he is a man ol genius.” Do you
suppose I past by this individual as an ordinary
man, because his vocation happened to be
patching old boots and shoes? By no means
truly. I studied his appearance, his features,
hi. character.
I meditated whether his lateuts and persever
ance, if turned into another direction, might nx>t
have produce! another Raphael or Michael
Angelo. With impressions akin to these I saw
Thalberg— the great composer—the greater per
former—the prince of the piano; aud never
ptince had more absolute sway. What shall 1
say of him ! What words can express the
pleasure 1 enjoyed? Tobe sure, I did not tn
lhe manner of many around nte, go into a hyste
ric fit—jump up—sit down-writhe with ex
stacy—laugh—cry—scream, all at once. No, I
sat still, behaving decently, but for all that, not
the less pleased, excited, transported.
1 begin to believe the fable of lhe old ages,
when a musician made nothing of drawing
after him rocks and trees. Tsalberg’s talent is
little less, for he draws houses. The pieces
which be played this evening were all his late
productions, which have not as yet, 1 presume,
been published in the U. Stales. They were
two fantasias from movements in the Operas
“LaMuettede Portici” a-nd “Don Pasquale”
—a funeral march with variations—a barcarolle,
both his compositions, and a caprice on several
airs in the “Barbier de Seville.” Ol these
pieces I will say nothing, exetpt that they are
very beautiful and very difficu t, two qualities
which many know are by no means novelties
in his compositions. It is the man 1 wish to
set before you. 'Twas au evening concert,
commencing at 8j o’clock; Ike doors opened
an hour before. The tickets wtrb ail sold more
than a week beforehand. At 7 o’clock I was
waiting atthe door for entrance. Being deter
mined to secure an eligible seat in the pit (it
costs a small fortune to a constant frequenter
always to sit elsewhere, and tire high prices,
even there, guarantying its respectability.) 1
was there in good season, and took a position
near the head ofthe ‘queue.’
In a very short time after therewas a hundred
behind me. But the guards preserved the ut
most order, as usual. For one halt hour 1
stood there, and then waited al hour in the
house before the performance commenced.
But counting six francs for the ticket, it costs
something, you perceive, to go to a concert, or
Every seat in the beauliiul “salle” of
the Italian Opera Reuse was occupied. On the
stare also were placed in ehaire some hundred
.atw-fifty. The Orchestra was partly boarded
and here the grand piano wasmlaced.
Has the king deigned td'enter, that such en
’husiastic applauses ai'Cunti the
theatre? Yes it is the feing—but not of the
French. It is lhe great descendant of Mercury
and Apollo. And, along withlheir powers of
music, he inherits a portion of the latter’s
beauty. He is a person of good size and fi
gure, but not large. His appearance is modest
and extremelj- prepossessing. Owing to the
distance at which 1 sat, I would not wish to
describe his air and person minutely. It is
however perfectly apparent, that his complex
ion is light, his hair brown, his nose aquiline—
without whiskers or mustache—and that he has
probably completed, so far as a judgment could
be formed by fallacious gas light, his fifth cli
macteric.
• After numerous bows in return for the plau
dits that welcomed his approach, he sat down
at the piano and ran his fingers carelessly' over
the keys—surely that is no common instrument 1
The tones which follow his negligent touch, are
not like any sounds that I have ever heard be
fore. The subject is far beyond my pen. The
wildest phrenzy ot an imaginative mind would
not however approximate the reality which was
here to be actually seen and heard. I have ex
amined with infinite delight a great variety ut
machines from the tiniest horologe through all
The gradations of grace and strength up to the
mighty engines which propel lhe Atlantic
steamers through a stormy ocean, and fill the
beholder with wonder and awe—and some ot
them seem almost to have borrowed inspiration
from above—yet I feel that nothing among all
the highest works of man can be brought into
comparison lor a moment with lhe creations of
Almighty. Man originates no power, and in
his grandest operations simply avails himself
ot ihe latent energies of water and the electric
fluid. “The greatest piece of mechanism is
the human hand,” which, actuated by the pro
pelling agency ofthe will, regulated by perse
vering practice and directed by genius, far sur
passes all human inventions. This remark
never appeared so striking, as while 1 listened to
the astonishing exemplification of its power,
which was going on in my presence this eve
ning.
With Thalberg every thing is calm, collected
—no grimaces, no writhings ot the body. A
“ furor” was excited some two years ago in the
United Slates by a second or third rate artiste,
called Miss S——. Every body was in raptures
Her houses were crowded—old men and women
put on their spectacles—what for? To see
music ? Not exactly—but to see her efforts, the
moiements of her body, forward and back, side
wise, otherwise, and rotary. To see the smiles
which opened so manv dimples in her face, as
to resemble small pox marks; to see the self
complacent air with which she threw up her
white and well formed “pieces of mechanism,”
and turned upon her music sto°i lo receive the
overwhelming plaudits ot the first and second
childhoods present, who exclaimed —" Only see
hew she plays 1” Rut is quiet and
still. Not a muscle in liL’reouutenan'e is dis
turbed—not an unnecessary motion of his body
occurs. Nothing escapes to show the difficul
ties he is surmounting. A person ignorant of
music, might imagine that all is simple and
easy.
Al the close of the concei t, the call for him
was unanimous,and inobedierce to it, became
forward while the room was ringing with cries
for his celebrated fantasia on a movement in
Moses in Egypt—the funeral march, and other
pieces—each one asking for bis own favorite.
He played one of them, and his first and last
concert in Paris this season was ended.
Agricultural Prospects —ln this section,
the prospects of the Agriculturists are bad—
very bad indeed—the corn crop cannot now,
under the most favorable circumstances, be
much more than hall an average one. Colton
is not near so promising as it was this time last
year, although v ith good seasons the yield may
yet be abundant. The gardens are parched up
with the drought, and the whole country is suf
fering to a very serious extent. Most of the
streams have failed, and farmers are obliged to
travel twenty aud thirty miles to mill, and then
wait fordavs until their turn comes to be served.
Those who have a sufficiency of corn, and in
ordinary seasons would be willing to part with
a portion of it, now refuse io sell at any price.
The article has already reached 75 cents by lhe
quantity, and will doubtless soon be $1 per bush
el. We have never known a more unfavora
ble season, or heard more general and well
founded complaints, and really lear that there
will be much distress before another crop can
be planted and gathered. Some fields of early
eorn we have examined, we feel confident will
not yield as much as the seed planted, and un
less we have rain shortly, the late planted
corn will also be entirely lost.— Cheraiv, S. C.,
Gazette.
Another Alleged Slaver.—The brig Por
poise, which was seized by our Minister at Rio
Janeiro on suspicion ofhaving been engaged in
the slave trade, arrived al Boston on Saturday
afternoon, in charge of Acting Master John R.
Duer, of the U. S. Navy, having sailed from
Rio Janeiro on the 23d of May. The U. S.
frigate Raritan sailed from Rio Janeiro for
River la Plata, May 23—officers and crew all
well. The U. S. brig Bainbridge was at Bahia,
and the U. S. sloop ot war Boston in the River
la Plata. The Porpoise was manned by seamen
from the U. S. squadron.
SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 12.
Oregon.—The Washington Correspondent
of the Charleston Mercury under date 7th inst.,
says: “In mj’ last I mentioned a rumor which
had obtained extensive circulation, and in
which, from the quarters where I heard it, I
was inclined to put great credence, that the la
titude ol 49 degrees north had been agreed up
on with Mr. Packenham on behalf of the
British Government, as our Northern Boun
dary for the Territory of Oregon, and that ne
gotiations were said to be proceeding on that
basis. I have made farther inquiries on
this subject since ihe date of my letter, the
result of which is, that my belief in the truth
of the report is very much lessened indeed;
and I am strongly inclined to believe that
it was a report put out and circulated with
a view of ascertaining the temper ot lhe
country thereupon. I will not, however, say
anything positive on this subject at present, ex
cept that I think such a basis has not and wiU
not be agreed to on the part of the American
Government.”
The Military Movements.—The Picayune
Ofthe 6th last, says:-Our national troops are
not inactive in the difficulties which havethreat
ened the country from the Annexation of Texas.
- On the steamer Yazoo, which arrived here on
the evening of the 4th inst., five companies of
the 4th regiment of U. S. Infantry, from Fort
Jesup, reached the city, and proceeded at once
to the barracks below, as was anticipated. They
w’ere under lhe command of Capt. P. Morrison,
and Capt. G. Morris, 4th Infantry; Ist Lieut.
R. Graham, 2d Lieut. T. Porter, 2d. Lieut. C.
R. Perry, 2d Lieut. U. S. Grout, 2d Lieut. R.
Hazlett, and 2d Lieut. S. Woods.
The Ist regiment of Dragoons proceeded to
the Rio Grande by land, as we stated they would
do iu our last paper, under command of Col.
Twiggs. Probably before this paper goes to
press, the 3d regiment of Infantry will arrive
here. It is truly gratifying to note the alacrity
qf our troops, and the honorable zeal of their
officers to reach the scene where their services
may be required.
New Mexico.—The N. O. Courier ot lhe
sth inst. says: We have a variety of articles
on hand from the Texan papers, which, much
to our regret, we are compelled to omit for want
of room.
One of those papers contains a letter from Taos,
in New Mexico, which states that the oppressive
exactions of the authorities in that remote and
interesting portion ot the republic, have caused
great discontent among the people, aud made
them sensible to the good they would derive
from a rupture of their connection with Mexico.
They look to annexation as the refuge
from the miseries they endure. The while pop
ulation of Santa Fe and north of it, refuse to
pay the exactions imposed upon them by the
sub-agents of Mexico. Our limits prevent us
from giving further particulars at present.
United States and Mexico The Wash-
ington Union of 1 Tuesday says:—We under
stand that the steamer Princeton has been or
deredto return to the Gulf ol Mexico; and that
as soon as her boilers, which may require some
slight repairs, ean be overhauled, she will im
mediately join the squadron. We learn fur
ther, that it is not the intention of the depart
ment to diminish the naval force in that sea, but
rather to increase it, during the threatened decla
ration of hostilities from Mexico; being as
sured that the most certain means of securing
peace, is to be prepared for war.
The Marquette.— The Captain and First
Engineer of this boat have been held to bail in
the sum of s>2ooo to answer the charge of man
slaughter.
Funeral Honors.—This day having been set
apart by the citizens of this City, for paying
appropriate honors to the memory of Gen. An
drew Jackson, Ex President of the United
States, and His Honor the Mayor, and the Com
mittee of Arrangements, having “respectfully
requested that all business be suspended,” no
paper will be issued from this office on Monday
next.
Mr. McAllister Stumping it. —The indi
cations of a design on the part of the Democra
tic nominee for Governor and his friends, to
have him take the stump during the present
canvass, pre becoming daily stronger and
stronger.
William Boynton, Esq., has been nominated
as the Whig candidate for Senator from the
district composed of Randolph and Slewart
counties.
Post Masters in Georgia.—John Forsyth,
at Columbus, Ga , from the 22d inst., vice G.
W. E. Bedell, whose commission will on that
day expire.
John Crawford, at Athens, vice Win.L. Mil.
chell, resigned.
Early Cotton.—The Tallahassee Floridian
of the sth instant says: “We were presented
yesterday by Frederick R. Gotten, Esq., with
an open boll of new Cotton, picked from
his plantation on the first ot July. The staple
is fine and beautiful, and would rival the snow
in whiteness.
We believe this is the first boll ol Cotton that
has been picked in this county this season. Mr.
C. informed us that the Cotton crops look welj
and promising.
Corn, however, has suffered greatly from the
drought, and ihe season being so tar advanced,
a full crop is not looked for or expected.”
The Presidents and Directorsof the Merchants'
Manufacturing, and Ellrich Manufacturing
Companies, at Petersburg, (Va.) have each
declared a semi-annual dividend of eight per
cent.
Death.—The following melancholy circum
stances were related to us by L. B. Breedlove,
Esq., of Talbot county:—
On Monday last, the 30th ot June, the horses
attached to Maj. John C. Boynton’s carriage,
became frightened and unmanageable, and in
running came to the fork of the road, where, it
appears, the horses attempted to take different
directions; this threw the end ol the pole of the
carriage immediately against a tree, shivering
the pole and driver’s seat, and nearly doubling
the front axle; and, dreadful to relate, Maj.
Boynton, who was at the moment driving, was
instantly killed. Mrs. Boynton and son were
severely injured, but we are happy to learn they
are recovering.
Maj. Boynton was an excellent citizen, iu his
forty-fifth year, and has left a wife and seven
children, and many, very many friends, to la
ment his unexpected demise.— Columbus En
quirer.
Italian W lather.—A correspondent iu Italy,
under date of June 7th, says the Boston Tra
veller, gives us the following item about the
weather, which may interest such of our readers
as are disposed to grumble about our changea
ble climate:
“ You are happy to be in New-England, this
year at least. 1 have never suffered so much
from cold iu mv life as I have this spring. A
metereological journal kept in Florence, shows
only seventeen days free from rain for the seven
or eight months preceding the middle of May I
I have had a fortnight or three weeksof delight
ful weather in Rome; but except that, wherever
I have been in Italy, I have found only rain
and gloom.”
Another Patriot of the Revolution De
parted.— Died, at Greenwich, Conn., on the
Bth day of June, of small pox, Noah Lock
wood, aged ninety one years. He was one of
the first to enter the Army at the first outbreak
ofthe Revolution, and was an active participant
in the struggles at Lexington, Bunker Hill,
Concord and Yorktown.
The gentleman mentioned a lew days since
in the Boston papers as having made a dona
tion of #IO,OOO to Dartmouth College is Samuel
Appleton, Esq., of that city.
The Augusta Canal.
KEPOKT OF THE ENGINEER.
Augusta, June 25th, 1845.
To the Commissioners of the Augusta Canal:
Gentlemen : Since your last monthly meet
ing, all the contractors to whom you
of the Augusta Canal, have commenced work
upon them, and as the forces are gradually in
creasing it is to be hoped that in a short time a
sufficient number of handscan be collected to
ensure the completion of the work by the time
specified in the contracts.
The contractors for the masonry of Rae’s Creek
Aqueduct, are opening a quarry on that Creek.
The contractor for Culverts arrived recent
ly, and has been searching for suitable rock, and
will open a quarry as soon as possible.
The dam on section No 1 has not been let for
two reasons, Ist., because the offers tor the dam
are at high rates, and 2nd., because the persons
who have proposed, have no experience in con
structing the kind ot dam intended to be built—
and as this work requires to be executed by
some one who has had practice in building crib
dams. 1 accordingly wrote to Mr. G. F. Guy,
of Virginia, requesting him to visit lhe work
and make a proposal. Mr. Guy has had much
experience in building dams, wharves and s?mi-'
lar works, and I regret that he has found it im
possible to arrange his affairs in Virginia, in
such a manner as would admit ot his absence
duringlhe summer. It appears by his letter, that
he is endeavoring to find some one who is com
petent, and who will take the work by contract;
but 1 am of opinion that the work should be let
as soon as possible. 1 therefore lay before you
all the papers iu relation to this work.
(Here follows proposals for the work.]
On the 14th inst., Mr. E. D. Sanford entered
upon the duties of Assistant Engineer.
Respectfully submitted,
C. O. SANFORD, Engineer.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIOWRf-
Augusta, 2<i Jul]®B4s.
Ta the Honorable, the City CouncAf MK^usta:
The Augusta Canal
fully submit their third monthly report for the
month terminating, by their by-laws, on the
last Wednesday iu June, the 24th ultimo.
Since their last report the work of most ofthe
contractors has proceeded satisfacti rily; and
for such general information in relation thereto,
as it is thought necessary to communicate to
the Council, reference is made to the accompa
nying copy of the report ofthe Chief Engineer.
According to a provision of the contracts, the
measurement and estimates of work are to
be made monthly at the end of each calendar
mouth. During the last month (May,) so little
had been done that Ji was deemed unnecessary
to have these measurements and estimates
made. The period for making the same for the
current month not having yet arrived, the report
of the Chief Engineer is necessarily less minute
than it will be hereafter.
The receipts and expenditures for the last
fiscal month will appear by the annexed copy
of the report of the Commissioner’s Committee
on Finance, to which they' refer as part of this
report. -- s t-i.
For reasons already known to lhe Council,
no work has been done on the 12th section bt the
Canal, and the contractors whose offer for it was
accepted are still at work on‘the 10th section,
and will probably continue to be so, until the
existing difficultiesip relation to the 12th are
removed. One oftfie apprehended inconveni
ences of this temporary arrangement, will not
occur, inasmuch as the contractors to whom
the 11th section was originally awarded, have,
after much delay, withdrawn their proposals,
thereby leaving the Commissioners at full li
berty to dispose ot the section in such manner
as the interests of the enterprise may dictate.
There is, however, one objection to keeping it
in its present state longer than is unavoidable.
As it was hoped that the existing difficulties in
relation to the I2lh section would be speedily
removed, the Commissioners, for the purpose
of giving employment, in the mean time, to such
laborers as the contractors for that section could
not discharge, or otherwise dispose of without
loss, permitted them to commence work on the
11th section, at the prices bid forthe 12th, al
though the first might then have been, and
might still be, let upon much lower terms. The
Commissioners therefore, while they deprecate
any thing like precipitation in so important a
matter as the location of the lower level of the
Canal, would, on the score of economy, be glad
to see it speedily settled on proper grounds.
All which is respectfully submitted.
HENRY H. CUMMING,
Pres. A. C. Commissioners.
SECOND MONTHLY STATEMENT
Os the Receipts and Expenditures of the Augusta
Canal Commissioners, from tlu> 2Sth of May
to the Uth of June, 1845.
debtor account.
May 28th. To balance on deposit in the Georgia
Rail Road Bank, as per last report-.#500 00
May 31st. To this amount received on
Bond No. 3, negotiated this day -•• 500 00
Total, 81,000 00
CREDIT ACCOUNT.
June 24tli. By incidental expenses paid this
month, 8193 06
By insurance ou Buildings, 8 50
By Engineering expenses paid this
month, 427 62
By this amount on deposit in the Bank
of Augusta, 65 26
By this amount on deposit in the Geor-
gia Rail Road Bank, 305 56
Total 81,000 00
-Submitted by John Bones,
John H. Mans,
Wm. M. D’Anttgnac,
Committee ou Finance A. C. Com’rs.
True extract from the minutes of Council of
the sth July, 1845. W. MILO OLIN, Clerk.
It is the poor—those least able to bear public
burdens—who consume the greatest quantity of
articles of the first necessity, there being lor
them no other substitute; how exceeding cruel,
then, the enormous duties upon articles of indis
pensable use all over lhe world.
The foregoing paragraph is quoted by the
Philadelphia U. S. Gazette, lhe editor of which,
having recently made a visit to the New Eng
land States, accompanies it with the following
practical reply :
The above is a paragraph from the United
States Journal, and is part ot an attack upon a
protective tariff We copy it, in order to illus
trate its truth. Wc a lew days since heard
some families in New England complaining
bitterly of their inability to “gethelp”—mean
ing domestic servants. We inquired the cause.
“ The girls are all drawn away to the facto
ries.”
“ But why do you not detain them?”
“ Wc cannot afford to pay as much as they
can earn at the factories; besides, they have
hours of leisure, rest, and improvement there.
Aud it is stated iu the report ot the Savings
Bank of Lowell, that the amount of money de
posited by female operatives in that institution,
is equal to twelve hundred and fifty dollars for
every factory girl in that city; anti that is uot
all, factory girls rank with other independent
people. They arc not considered servants.”
Ah, thought we, how cruel it is to afflict the
poor, and make them bear such burthens. And
what is an additional grievance, these very fe
males now clothe themselves at half the price
they could effect that important part ot economy,
before they multiplied the fabrics of the country,
and thus reduced the price. How exceedingly
cruel:
We stopped a few moments on the narrow
sidewalk of Milk-street, in Boston, unable to
move either way, excepting directly into a very
muddy street, our course being hedged iu by a
long truck (a dray,) on each side, heavily laden
each with twenty-four bales of goods. “You
get a job then, occasionally," said we to the
truckman.
“Hardly get time to cat,” said he, there is
such a continual movement of goods.”
“ Well, these would be good times tor you, if
you could live as cheap as your fathers did,
when goods could be imported nearly free of
duties.”
“We pay now one dollar a week less for
board than was paid twenty years ago, and
clothing does not cost half as much, while the
manufacturing of goods in this neighborhood
gives us twice the employment that was had
in other times.”
A truckman now may n< t earn much mon
than he did thirty years ago, but he can save
twice as much ”
Oh, the poor 11 “ How exceedingly cruel 111”
We looked around that busy hive. The ma
son was plying his trowel, and the painter his
brush; the carpenterihoved his foreplane, and
the shoemaker drew his thread with constant
industry, and the inspiring knowledge that bis
services were in demand. Did they suffer from
“enormous duties” on “sugar” or clothing?
Their white cottages in Chelsea, Dorchester,
Roxbury, Charlestown, and Cambridge, looked
very little like suffering. Poor men, what cruel
times 11
From the N. O. Tropic and Bee, Ith inst.
Later From Mexico.
The schooner Creole, Frank, arrived al New
Orleans on Sunday last, from Vera Cruz, from
which port she sailed on the 24th ultimo. We
make the following extracts from the summary
ot news given by lhe N. O. Tropic of Monday:
Capt. Frank reports that Gen. Bustamente
arrived at Vera Cruz on the 17th ult.. and of
fered his services to sustain the integrity ofthe
Mexican territory and the dignity of the Repub
lic. He was rather coolly received by the Go
vernment, and it is reported that he refused the
military honors tendered him on his arrival. It
was believed that his return was not invited by
any party, and that he had no desire to meddle
in public affairs.
The people generally were quiet, at
all afemictl, notwithstaitiiliiig -the war cries
cade by the Federalists and the partisans of
Santa Ana, who are loud in denouncing the
Government for wantol energy.
The Stale ot the finances was presumed to
be pretty low, as the officers in the employ of
the Governmentfound great difficulty in obtain
ing one-fourth of their salaries. Business was
very dull. The publication of the new tariff
law was daily anticipated.
The vomilo, or yellow fever, was prevailing to
a very aggravated extent al Vera Cruz.
Capt. Frank reports that the French sloop ol
war La Perouse arrived at Vera Cruz on the
24tb, from Galveston, with intelligence ol the
action of the Texan Congress, on the annexa
tion question.
Mr. John Cumminger, ol this city, bearer of
despatches to lhe U. S. Government, came pas
senger in the Creole.
The Courier Francais gives a tong explana
tion of the origin ofthe recent difficulty between
the French Minister and the Mexican Govern
ment. It differs somewhat from the accounts
hitherto received, inasmuch as it appears that
the Barou Alleys de Cyprey was most cruelly
and savagely insulted and maltreated by a band
of miscreants, dragged before an Alcalde, who,
instead of respecting his rank, treated him with
the utmost indignity, and like a common felon.
He escaped with difficulty from the hands of
these barbarians, after being fired at with a
carabine, and having the Secretary of the Lega
tion, M. Goury de Rozlau, grievously wounded
and beaten with clubs anti stones. The name
ofthe Alcalde is D. Jose Maria Figueros. The
origin of the affair was an attempt on the part
ol the Baron’s groom to water his master’s
horses at a place called las delicias.
The attempt at a revolution of which we
spoke in our last summary of news, was made
by the “ Halation de los Supremos Poderes," a
kind of royal guard created by Santa Ana, and
which the present government had continued in
service. The Colonel, Joaquim Raugel, an
artillery officer, degraded ou account ol his tur
bulence and blind attachment to Santa Ana, had
won overto his project the whole battalion, and
when sure of his men, suffered the insurrection
to break out. The Guard of Honor of lhe
Pajace, consisting of a company ot this batta
lion, took up arms, crying “Long live Santa
Ana, Canaltzo and the Federation,” and arrest
ed the president, and three of the Ministers.—
Th®. Minister ol War immediately sought for
succor,"'While lhe President succeeded in per
suading his captors of the enormity ot their
in inducing them to set him free.—
Order was, therefore, soon restored. Twenty
three on both sides were killed—among them
were Captain Othon, and lhe ringleaders of the
revolt. The people took no part in this out
break. Rangel and several chiefs had been
arrested. Rangel was sentenced to ten years
imprisonment, and the forfeit of his military
grade. Gen’l Tornel had been seized and im
prisoned, though protesting bis innocence.
With regard to the affairs of Mazatlan, it ap
pears that two Frenchmen, Messrs. Gaucheron
and Beinet having had their property illegally
confiscated, had lor many months and in vaiii
demanded an indemniy. On the 19th May
last, M. Lecointe, commander of the French
corvette Heroine, arrived at Mazatlan, and ad
dressed to the Governor a letter, in which he
complained of the delay in rendering justice to
the claims in question, and slated that as he
could not remain long at Mazatlan, he reques
ted a reply by the 22d May. This is the whole
story. There was nothing said ot bombarding
and reprisals, or ol letters addressed to the
Foreign Consuls notifying them of the proposed
bombardment, &c. The French commander
left on the 24th, after receiving a reply whicn
was altogether vague and unsatisfactory.
The Mexican papers state that the Republie
of Venezuela has been indicated as the future
residence of Santa Ana.
The election for President iu the several de
partments takes place on the Ist August next.
The journals complain ot the little attention
paid to lhe northern departments, particularly
Coahuila which tor several years has been sub
ject to lhe incursions of savages, who rob and
murder with perfect impunity.
The Mexican editors begin to believe that
Texas will reject their overtures, and in that
event, are inveighling, against lhe government
tor reducing the people to the shame ot offering
terms to a revolted province, and of seeing those
terms ha ugh'ily refused.
We subjoin the following letter from our Vera
Cruz Correspondent:
Correspondence ofthe N. O. 'Tropic.
Vera Cruz, 22d June, 1845.
Dear Sir:—l had the pleasure ot receiving
by the schr. Creole, from your port, several co
pies of the Tropic, for which 1 am obliged.
Here everybody is anxiously expecting news
from Texas as to whether it will be annexed to
the United States or not; opinions vary on the
subject—some think that she will accept the
propositions made by Mexico, which have
not yet transpired, and others feeling confidmt
that she will become annexed to the United
States.
The Senate has returned to tlieChambers the
“Dictatnen” respecting the new Tariff, but
whether in favor or against mercantile interests
is not yet known.
The Ex-acting President, General Canalize,
aud Ex-Minister of War, General Basadre, not
accepting the propositions made them by Gov
ernment, to be expatriated for 10 years, have
been imprisoned tor the same term, the former
in the castle of Perote and the latter in that of
San Juau de Ulloa.
A decree has been passed by the Congress
aud sanctioned by the Executive, lhe substance
of which is:
“ That the National Congress of the Mexican
Republic considering that the Chambers of the
United Slates, sanctioned by a decree ot lhe
Executive, have resolved to incorporate the
Territory of Texas to the American Union,
and that this mode ot appropriating foreign
territories, of which other foreign nations are
the rightful owners, introduces a monstrous
novelty of great importance to the peace of the
world and detrimental to the sovereignty of
nations. That this usurpation, thus consum
mated to the prejudice of Mexico, has been
insidiously preparing for a length of time,
whilst the most cordial friendship has been pro
claimed, and whilst this Republic nas scrupu
lously respected the existing treaties between
her and the United States.
“That the aggregation of Texas to the
United States, tramples under foot all the con
servatory principles of societies, attacks all the
rights that Mexico possesses ou said territory,
is an insult to her dignity as a sovereign nation,
and threatens her independence and political
being. That those principles which served as
the basis to the treaties of friendship, commerce
and navigation, and especially that of the precise
limitseven in treaties previous to 1832, being
threatened on the part of the United Btates, are
considered violated by that nation.
“And finally, That the unjust despoliation of
which she wishes to make ihe Mexican nation
the victim, constitutes a just right to use ail her
resources and power to resist said aggression to
the uttermost.”
DECREES.
1. The Mexican nation convokes all her
children (hijos) to the defence of the National
Independence threatened by lhe usurpation of
the territory of Texas, which is intended to be
carrici into effect by lhe decree of annexation
passed by the Chambers aud sanctioned by the
President of the United States.
2. Iu consequeuce of which the Government
will put under arms all the force of the army,
conformably to the authority conceded by the
existing laws—and tor the preservation of pub
lic order, sustaining the institutions, and if ne
cessity requires, to serve as a reserve to the
army; the Government using the faculties con
ceded on the 9tb December, may raise forces,
of which the said decree speaks, undertlie name
<■! Defenders ol the Independence aud of the
Laws.
Mexico, 4th June.
TheU. S. schr. Onkahie arrived here on the
19th inst. and left again on the 20th, but I have
not heard that she brought any news. TheU.
States squadron leit here some seven or eight
days ago tor Pensacola.
Business is very dull both here and in the in
terior. The Treasury is in a most miserable
VOL.IX.-N0.’29.
>iate ot poverty —employees, soldiers, sailors,
etc., receiving scarcely any pay.
The Conducta from Mexico arrived here on
the 18th inst. bringing about #430,000.
Without further to add, 1 remain, respectfully,
Your obedient servant.
June23.—Since writing what precedes we
have had two arrivals to day. The French
man-of-war La Perouse from Galveston, which,
it is said, brings despatches for the British
Minister in Mexico, the purport of which is,
however, not yet known, and a schooner from
Tobasco, which brings the news ot that place
having pronounced tor Federalism.
A letter from Vera Cruz dated June 24, gives
the following items:
“ There will be a declaration of war in a few
days by this Givernment against the United
Slates. Orders have just been received to have
all the publicarchives removed to Jalapa, whieh
is sixty miles in the interior, for safe keeping.
This looks like making preparation.
“The Mexicans have lately received an ad- .
dition to their small marine; three large gun
boats, mounting each one 24poqnder, built in
New York, well finished, and creditable to Ame
rican ship-builders. They cost with the arms,
etc., attached, about SIO,OOO each.
“The new Congress is n»w in session.
What they are doing, or will do. is not known.
The general impression is, that lheyt will mate
rially alter ihe presen» Tariff, the duties, on
some articles are so higff as 'to atmort ameuat
to a prohibition. Their Tariff, Priestcraft, and
the frequent Revolutions, have reduced these
people to abject poverty.
Time is Money. „
f From the Union Agricnlturiet.
Dear Sir:—l begin to fear that yourself and
>' others may think that I do nothing but write;
f as 1 send you something for every number of
your paper. Well, suppose that should be the
> conclusion, —if I had nothing else to do all
would be well. But farmers have somethingto
I do, besides writing for agricultural papers.—
This all know; how then, many will inquire,
does C. find time to write. It I may answer
the question myself, I shall say, that I am
troubled to dispose of my spare time—of the
I’ long winter evenings—of the stormy days, and
a great many bits and ends of time.
I may be answered—leach your children;
make and mend such articles as you can that
1 you need; read the newspapers, and such books
asyouhaveor can get. This 1 do, and yet there
1 is spare time.
My wife and self manage to teach seven,
children; and during the winter, keep them at
their studies more hours than if they were at
school. I make and repair all the wood part of
my tools, and some of the iron, and repair all
■ our boots and shoes; my wife and daughters,
the oldest sixteen, work up our wool, about 70
pounds, both spin and weave it; myself and
boy, thirteen years old, till about forty acres,
and provide for stock that require 40 tons of hay,
besides all the coarse fodder that we can mus
ter; this, besides all the incidental work about
the house and farm, we do without hiring.—
Books and papers are literally worn out by be
ing read. The Chicago Democrat or Union
Agriculturist, is hailed with as much joy as an
old friend; and if, as we frequently do, we re
ceive a paper from distant friends, nothing could
give greater pleasure, except the appearance ot
those friends.
A great wonder with me is, how meu and
families spend their time, without even a
paper or a book, nr any thing else of the kind.
Even their Bible might as well be made of
wood, bound and gilt, to save appearances, as
to be filled with the words ot God.
Never have I written, except in the evening;
arid then gen srally have some half dozen chil
dren about the same time at their studies.-r-
Some with slates, some with books, and some
with more mijehief than study. Even now, one
little one pops up her head, with, “ Father, how
much is eleven times six ?” “Set down eleven
and multiply it by six.” “ What, six times "
eleven?" “No, six times one, and then six
times one again.” “O 1 Iser ; sixty-aix.” “Now
multiply 7,8 and 9in the same way?” So I
write, teach and rest myself; at lhe same time
killing three birds with one stone.
Now to my reasons for writing, if Isay I
write to benefit others, none will believe me la
these selfish times; well then, I write to amuse
myself, and to use time. A. Churchill.
Avon, March, 1841.
Elopement of a Large gang of Runaway
Negroes.—We learn from a police magistrate,
that sixty or seventy runaways passed through
this city last night, en route for Pennsylvania.
They have eloped doubtless, according to a pre
concerted arrangement, from the neighboring
counties of Prince George, Charles and St.
Mary’s, in Maryland, aud are said to be armed
with scythes, bludgeons, and some guns. They
lelt the city by the road leading out through 7th
street, and are probably hopiag to make good
their escape through the counties of Montgome
ry and Frederick, Maryland. 'We understand
that nearly two hundred citizens ot Washington
■tnd the vicinity have started in pursuit, who
will, doubtless, succeed in securing most, if nut
allot them.— Union, Tuesday night.
P. S. Welearn that3l of theabove have since
been captured.
It is estimated that there are now in progress
ot erection within lhe limits of Pennsylvania
about one hundred new iron furnaces.
Rain—Rain. —Yesterday our city and vicini
ty were blessed with the heaviest fall of rain
which has been known since lhe first of January
last. The effect on the temperature was very
perceptible. We are inclined to think that it
extended for a considerable distance along the
coast, as well as to the interior. Its effect
upon lhe crops, the corn particularly, will be
slight. In no event can there be more than half
a crop in the State. The cotton in the interior
has not suffered so much, yet it is not at all
probable that there will be more than two-thirds
of a crop made unless the fall should be an un
usually late one— Sav. Rep 11 th
A Magnetic Telegraph is about to be con
structed from this City to Fort Hamilton. The
wires ire to be laid on posts and pass through
the streets of Brooklyn, and will cross the East
River at a point near the Jackson Ferry. A
line has also been projected from Boston to Con
cord, N. H.—N. Y. Tribune.
Arkansas River.—The Little Rock Gazette
of lhe 27th ult., has the following intelligence—
The “Swallow” came down Friday evening,
and was soon followed by the “ Arkansas No.
4. ” On Saturday the “ Frankland ” came
down, bringing news of a still greater rise. At
Fort Gibson, they were moving the pi bile pro
perly out of the Commissary building, to save
it from the threatened overflow. The river is
within six feet ot being as high as it ever was,
and still rising. The farmers on the river, we
fear, are doomed to suffer an inundation, even
as destructive as that of the last year. 11 so, it
will cause the depopulation otlhe finest portions
of the State, so great will be the despair and
suffering of those who now occupy farms on its
banks.
The Printing Telegraph.—Respecting this
new invention we have the following addition
al particulars from the N.Y. Commercial Ad
vertiser :
Our readers were informed, the other day,
that wc had seen the work ot this new instru
ment—a slip of paper, having on it some words
printed by the telegraph. We have since had
an opportunity of seeing the machine itself—
seen ft at work. And a most ingenious wonder
ful thing it is; and, so lar as we can judge, per
fectly efficient. Wc are restricted from telling
iiow its operations are performed, or giving any
intimation of its construction; but of its doings
we may speak, and surely there is nothing we
can say that would go beyond its merits.
Portsmouth and Roanoke Railroad. The
Portsmouth Neie Era says that the Portsmouth
and Roanoke Railroad have renewed th- con
nexion with the Wilmington and Raleigh Rail
roads, which had been broken offfor some time,
through the enterprise and public spirit of Wil
lis Sledge, Esq., and others, who have put ou
au excellent stage line to fill the hiatus occa
sioned by Rives’ purchase.
Jj- The Mill and Factory burnt at Troy,
were the properly of S. B. Warren, and were
valued at $35 000. on which there was insur
ance but for $13,000. The stock was owned by
Mr. Herrington, was valued at $20,000, and in
sured for 813.000, so that lhe total loss wis ■
$55,000, or $29,000 cxcluslze of insurance.
The fire is supposed to have been the work ol
an incendiary.
-Well Done.—The Bunker Hill Monument
Association have voted to devote the receipts
from visiters, which will reach about one thou
sand dollars per annum, to the improvement and
docoration ol the surrounding grounds.
IQ- The Philadelphia Railroad Company
have finally refused to let the Magnetic Tele
graph run along their track. The Patterson
Company, however, are willing it should pass
over their road.— N. Y. Tribune.
IPj- Extract ol a fetter to the Editors, dated
at Jacksonville, Tellair county, sth July: “Ou
crops are injured in this county so much that
we shall not make more than half a crop on the
average—yet we are better off than the sur
rounding counties.”— Sav. Rep.