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VIIKIY IHRimm: k SENTINEL
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
Wttlilij
Chronicle and Sentinel.
<C*3B»
THiWEEKLY
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
1j Pakllihtd »»«rf V.’edne«-f*y,
AT TWO DOLLARS PBS ANNUM
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r*to of
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or • free cops to afl who may p-ocare u< five
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THO CH lO3LB aNO tJaiMTINEL
DAILY AND TIU-WKEKLY.
Are al.o poirishrd a> this • (See, and mailed to
• übseribers at th-i following rate*, namely,
Dsit.v Paritß, if sent by m per annum
Tbi Wkkklt Paper 4 “ •*
TRRM3 OF ADVBRTIBINO.
fit vVeeki.t —Seremy fire eeul* per *qnare
(12 line* or te,») for the first insertion, and fifty
oent f>r r t ■ h a ihteqaeat insertion.
TO PftOPLBSIOIVAL. & BOBINESS
MEN.
PROFESSION ALAN It HIfMNKhS CARDS,
cot e*ve*i it/ six !>ne«, wilt be inaerted under
tb *h ad t the rate o» •10 per annum. Card*
exeeS-lng six lnaa. will to- charged prorata prr
line.
Attornips and Solicitors.
JOHN 1 atiEVV ,V| AKE, ntiwiiiv at l.aw
Waynesboro, Oeorfim wi'l practioe in the
ee'i-ties o' Barite, t-crircn, Wahugton. Alont
gois-y, fattnall, Emanuel and Itichound.
i. - *\y
JACK DROWN a loroiy at law, IJ a.n * Vis
ta.Ma i a ciuuty.Ua. »|il*
i t A. LUSH tRtHIT, Attorney at Law, War
V/» rent's Oenrrm, w II |>r.ieti e in the roun
tir-S of the Nor.hern Oir-uit, in Green of the
Oem dge*, an lin Washing.on, Jeffers n an.l f'<>-
luinbia nf th* M 'd e ‘'ircoit. sllw'f
Appling. G orgia, will giro ape ia! at entim.
to the coll ciiun of Irgd domand* nl etr ry de
scription.
Axonstr 11. II Dawsub. Augu.la, Ga. Stub
i.imo Clank. Apuliny-, Ga. ai"4lr_
a IHIN K. vyURGES, Attorney at Law.
ti W»vße»bito. Ga my.7
fO»HUA HILL. Altornfy at Luw, Madison an *
M mice 10. G org a All bu inej' adlre*.cd
to him at eitli. r place it th i coant es nt Vur;»n
and Jasper, an I those e jutiguou*. wi'l receire
piotopt attention. n2l
Ha.niifti J lim y. Eleaz, r Cuinnimg
BAILEY & GUMMING, Attorneys at lew
S»lider»»ille, G* wi I practice in all
<h c uuiips of the Middle • ir-.oit. j. 2
LO. miHPSJV. A.torney at I aw, Atlanta,
a Georgia, wi I promptly attend to all busin si
BitlU'lo I to Ilia care fi9 ly
BY. MARI IN Aitn-noy at Lam, Augusta,
e Georgia, will pr-clce iu th* Counties ol
C. luiuh's, Warren, Jofferain and Burke. and will
a!*-, att. n I to the c'dlrction of Cel ts anil Claim*
in Abbeville and Edgefield Distrios, in South
Carolina.
Olh aon Broad-Street, Brat dour above Inaur
•nee Lank feiMf
C< I'l I’NAM, Attorney at Law, Warr-ntoa
Fa Georgia, npl3 ly
Einv ARDUTBuTTIE, Attorney at Law,
W •"■ronton, Georgia, Wiil con itiuo to
practice in Warren. Hancock, Wiikeu,TalinK-rra,
arid at' of the count es of the Nortlern Ci cuit.
and Columbia, Burke and Wai-biugtnn of the
Middle.
Refer to llircrwits. Hudson <fc Shiver* ; C. C.
Cody A Oa, Warrenlon, je'2o
jj pOBER. lllvsth.H, Attorney nt Law, El-
JLV I rrlon, Georgia, will piactice in 'he co m
ities of Elbert. Wilkes, Lincoln, Oglethorp', Mad
ison ami Franklin. my'23-jy
PG. A RRI MJToN,"Attorney a Law. anil
e Notary Publi', Oglethorpe, Macon county,
(Jecigia
• 'Bice nt Oglethorpe. dll-wlr
JOHN P. v II.DK Attorney and Counsellor
at Law, Ni. 13 St. Charles alreet, R'om No.
10, upstairs. New Orleans. All claims and col
lection-, intrusted lo hi* care wi I inert with
prompt and aithful attention. d)8 ly
Linton Stephens, J. L. Bird!
STEPH ENS & BIRD, Attorneys at Law. Craw
'nrdiitle, Ga., will practice in all the Counties
of tho Northern Circuit. • jvl'i-ly*
Wm. Gibson, Jesse M. Jones.
GIBSON * JONES. Attorneys at Law, War
ren ton, Ga., n i l nraciico in all the counties
of the Northern. uni Columbia. Washington and
Jetfer on oi the Middle Circuit, and the Supreme
Couri of Ihe State of Georgia. ap '-wly
CtHAPi.ICY It S I'aOPMER, Attorney at Law,
J practices in the Northern Cir-.nit. Ah busi
ness will receive prompt an t effluent attention.
Office, nt Linenlton Ga, jeVB <f
AMUEI, ELBERT KIIRII. Altor -ey at Law,
O AutuMn. Ga . Will pr.c ico in the severai
coil, lies of ihe MiOdlo Circuit.
(.IJtice I'urlor of Iho M»n«inii 110 ’se, old
JOHN Iv. JAUpKON, Attorney n. lav. An-
J (l Ui'a, Georgi*, Otii'e in Fr lit Room of the
Mansion I lonia, will |> a-tier in Itlrhmm'd, and
<h-. neighboring Count in* of the middle Circiii.
Riftrrn-ts —Mi-e-r* Muer Sl I’i mat, Boston ; J
!Me.sr>. 110.-ited Sl Dinksti*. S. C Doric. Ilinl.e '
A Uroivn, Jo n K t>or», C. <). lialstcd New I
Yon j Me-ars. W. M. Mar-in, 1,. M. A It. VV. j
Force Sl Co , I'hnrlestou ; Mdsrt. A J & T. W. |
Miller, Adams Sl FaitfO, W, E. Jackson it Co , j
Augusta o-5 1
JASPER N. DORSEY, Attorney at l,an. l afc- j
lo 'eg i, UeorgU, will attend to'ill Prntraai.mal
liminet- «ntruaie>l to him m the Cherokee Circuit, 1
ami in liulo ish itn county, ts the Western Cir- I
ouit. i
lit/trehces Me-eie Hays IlowJic, l)r. Wm. I
II .T 'i(tin.
James I. >w,G ii eav.'ile j Smith iV. Walker, and
J W Otuily Dahinuoga, fe 14 |
JOHN It. ST\NF -KD, Att moy a- Liw
Oui'kavt l\ Oi., will practice in tho c unies '
ut Clorkc F.a ikl n, llubenh m. l.uu j-kin. For. |
•yh, Gilmer. Uutoa, M rrny and Gwinnett, a-d in |
ibe Fud ral Ciro Ac Court f»r Georgia. I7v
V G. iV A G. FOSTER, Alton ays ai Law,
1 l • Tiie undo aiir ed ore atill engaged in tbe
practice of Law. Offics at Modi on, Morgan coun
ty.Gi. All bu-iness entrua e.l to iliein, nil' meet
with iiron pt and efficient Uur.tion.
N. G. Fostkh, !
nS-dly A. G. Fostkh.
DAV'ITs" JOHSTON, Attorney at Law, Au
gusta, Georgia. Office on Jackson neat
Hruad-atreet. Wi I pr-.mptly attond to any huai
nesa ent usted to hia car. ,
References t—Mes»rs. T, N P ul'ain Si Son,'
Miller dt Warren, Adama A Fargo, Col. T. Clan*
ton. Au.uata, Ga ; Dr Wm. Juhnst n, Lancelot
Johni'cn. Rsqr . M dsi m. Gi.
JAMES G. COLLIER, Alt unity at Law, Au- ,
gusts. G orgia, ■ Hire ramnvod Jo tbe rear of
Md er & W»rr»n’a Dry Goods So'e.ovar B. h
\V »r an Sl Co o? 0
iomiuissioii !tt ere hauls.
/ ' RKKNWOOD Sl MORRIS', G.mnistion
V I Mere bants, office No. lIS Tchou(iitoula, i
s' reel. New Orleans. H. T Gkxxswood. |
j*ts di>* Josisii Morris.
JG. L'IDIaKK Ac Co., Commission and For
• warding Merchants, Chattanooga, Tcon ■
J. L. Taylor Gardner Smith. |
T L> TAYLOR & Co., Auction and Coniuiis- '
J 4 sion Merchants, Noa. 31 Chartres and 41 i
Custc'tnh usd Street", New Orleans.
Rt/ei twees.—IV ato .—.Messrs. Emerson. Coch
run da t'V end Barnabas lisskalt. Mobile—
Meurs. C. W. I lorn-nee Sl Sod, ail Howe Sl
Bschellor. New York—Mrssra D iobsr & Broth,
er, J. i>. Sdost At Co., and Conklio & S nidi.
New Orleans—lion, A. D. Crosaaian, Mayor,
Mrrsra. Hoyt A Ford, Hal! Sl Ben>|i, Harris Sc
M. >rirnn, M. Garcia Sl Co., and Samuel Wclif.
d!0-tf _
WH. It, MILLS. Factor & Comm ssion
• Merchant, continues buslne-s at his old
stard. No, 176 Bar-street. Savannah, Georgia.
Rtjtr.ncf —Menri. D Anbisicic Ecan«, Au-
S usta. ftlvwara Ci miles Day Sl Co., Macon
Icatrs. E. Psdl-lbrd A Co., savannah. ol
REENWAY, BROTHERS v Co., impo.frs
is t M h |« sale Dealrra in Foreign ad Di
mastic Dry Docda, 43 Broway New Yo»».
Eoinsn M. Ghkirway,
J Hiskt fißtmv.lT,
Wm. W. F G xkkway,
mh 27-fimd Fkapcis llarrall.
P~ EN ION, Bounty Land and Patent Agency.
for Western Georgia and EasCr A Hama, at
LaG.ange, Georgia. The subsciber alto Prae
ticea Law in its various branches, in the neigtor
ing counties of the Coweta sot ChA'taho-iche:
Ci cu ts. BENJAMIN ii. BIGHAM,
my 16-ty At orney a' Law
T A Burke. C. W. Demine-
BURKE a- DEMMING. Bo.»ksel!«rp and Sta
uoners, Newepaper and I'eri'idieel Agents,
and Dealers in Fauey Articles, Pianos, Music. Ac.
Mad-.'in, G« m»23 wL
WM. K EVENS Sl Co, Oommis»nn Mer
chants, Accommodation Whats, Ch'rles on
B. C. Wg. K. KVARS.
. Wm. M. D’Articrac,
Gao. W. EtiM.
7HOIIABTOR ) IME
f\A ihomastoo Lime, just received by
“'8 hand, williams a co.
to MY LAL'T patrons.
ft] J reeelr.t , ,re-t, m , !p p] r „f
»«* •’ thick .de OAirt-RS. which
1 wnoe eold lower thsn auy ever offered
ia Augusta.
BOOTS and SHOE’S.
—ALSV
RUB ERS TRUNKS, v.aLISE*,
AND SCIVHELLS.
Chi'dren and servAiiit’ IKIOTd and SHOES
in great vtrieiv, ell ot ibtch will l e cold low,
Call anJexa • ine for yrnraeif
jy Oppoe.te Hrid.e Bank Biuldings. Brna • >t
All E. L SYM.vONf'.
AUGUSTA, GA.
SATURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 10.
Jaitffe King's Letter.
As a part of the history of the times in refer
ence to the connection of the ra Iruaiis in tbi
city, we publish to-day the letter of the H-n
*ho. P. Kmo, to the Hon. N G. Foster, the
representative from Morgan. Like all Lawyer*
the Judge only examinee his own side of the
question—and is content to present that to the
best advantage. A single illustration or two
will suffice. He says the General Government
does not psy the toll of SSOO, for transporting
the mail between the two railroads, but that it i>
paid in par: by the Georgia Railroad Company
Does the Georgia railroad Company transport
the Mail between the two Depots for nothing,
or does it receive pay therefor? No one, wr
P'esume, familiar with the history of railroad
Companies in this country will ever charg.
them with performing lahar, especially trans
porting the Mails, without being paid, and well
paid. If they arc paid, who pays 7 Docs no'
tho General Government? If so, it follow,
neccssa'ily that the Government pays ihe -oil—
unless the contractor engagrd to perform tin
work at a price which did not contemplate or
authorize the payment of the tells. If so, the
fault is the contractor's, for which the city is not
responsible and ought not to he made to suffer.
Again, Judge K. speaks of the toll paid for
"iht OmnibutV as though there was hu! one Om
nibus entitled under the contract to ern-s tin
hiidge, and no man ignorant of the fact that
litre• Omnibuuee and a Waqcn cross
daily, (which Judge K. well know,) will arrive
at any other conclusion. These are fair speci
mens of the positions of the letter throughout,
as tha reader familiar with the que.tion will
readily perceive.
Col. Fosti n has been unfortunate ir. assorting
that the tax for transporting a bale of cotton
from one road to the other was “fifty cent*."
We presume he knew nothing about the
charge, and lawyer like concluded it was
safest for his side to he certain to gues* enough.
The charge is only tuvTUy-five emit, f. r drayage
ai.d toll.
Mr. I)welt’s Defence.
Is accordance with onr promise, v e present
to our re iders this morning, the defeu- e of Mr.
Owes, and we avail ourself of the opportunity
to urge again upon the reader its careful peru
sal. Every man who desires to arrive at truth,
owes it to himself, not less than to Mr. Owkn, to
read it attentively.
Lon's Napoleon —The French.
I» it were possible for tho sudden mutations
in French politics and governmental policy to
astonish any intelligent mind, tho laic extraordi
nary usurpation of Louis Napoleon, might well
excito surprise. Such, however, is the mercu
rial temperament and impulsive character of the
people, and so completely are they bewildered
by the prestige of the liume of Napoleon, that
nothing they could do, w ould excite our special
wonder, unless they should manifest a capacity
for self-government.
Hut yesterday they wore, according to their
own ill-conceivi-d, ignorant notions of republi
canism. “the model republic,” and to-day are
shouting patuus to tho usurper, who, amid tho
shouts of vive In Repuliliqiie, destroyed every
vestige of free government—with a single dash
of his peu obliterated every principle of the
Constitution, which he had sworn to support,
and established himself dictator of France amid
the shouts of the populace. What a reflection
upon tho intelligence and capacity for self-gov
ernment of her people.
To enable the reader to comprehend fully by
what means lie is attempting to retain his usurp
ed nutheri’y, we subjoin a few extract from the
letter of the Puris correspondent of the National
Intelligencer, under date:
Paris, December 20, 1851.
The new dictatorial Government of France
has as yet met with no check, and is not likely
to meet with any for a long time to coino. It
has gained the support of the army, and relics
upon that for the muintenauce, as it did for the
establishment, of its domination. As has been
anticipated in my last letters, all men of order
of property, of regular and profitable occtipa
tiou of any soit, Orlcanis s and Legitimists, are,
in the vote of to-day and to-morrow, ail over
Fiance, choosing the part either of abstioeuce
or of an affirmative response. They are very
few who will venture,’in face of the intimida
tion of authority, and of the terror of tho So
cialism which has just ra sed its frightful head in
many o r the departments, to say no to the impu
dent proposition of the triumphant usurper who
has just seized upon France Bonaparte is
strengthening his position by all possible means.
Every new act of his government shows that his
measures are being taken without the slightest
reference to tho result of the vote upon the
plcbiscittim proposed by him. Ho h s not the
remotest idea of relaxing his hold upon France !
and Frenchmen. The pretended appeal to the !
people has been made merely to give some sein- j
blance of popular sanction to his usurpation. '
It ought not to have, anil it will not have m the
•ye of history, the least moral weight. It is ;
made under the pressure of martial law pro- ]
vailing in thirty three of the eighty-six depart- |
ments of France, which interdicts all discussion, i
and slides all expression of public opinion ex j
cept through organs known to lie devoted to the 1
usurping power. There is not in the country a !
Republican, or Orleauists, or Legitimist journal
that dnros to indite n political article upon I
pain of suspension. They are forced to confine j
themselves to the mere dmy of enregiiter.ng
from the pages of the Moniteur the tnullifniious j
decrees of the Dictator for riveting his chains j
upon France, and copying from the Bonapart
ist journals such news from the departments as
it pleases tho Minister to allow to go abroad. No I
editor would venture to insert any anti Ministerial
news, nr give publicity to intelligence as to the
state of the departments, derivtd from any other j
source, and unfavorable to Government.
Nothing was therefore known of the actual
state of things in tho departuvmts, because i t |
was uut permitted to publish anything unfavora
ble to the usurper’s cause.
To show how complete a mockery is the pre
tended extension of universal suffrage, and
how little of freedom in its exercise the peoplo
are permitted to enjoy, we subjoin another ex
tract from die same correspondent:
Governmental pressure is applied at every
poiut to ensure a favorable result to the vote
of to-day, and to morrow. 1 learned last even
ing, in a saloon oI the Faubourg St. Germain,
many an item of intelligence to which publicity
can only bo given lieie orally and in a whisper.
Vouseeon the buck of ibis bit of paper a priu
ted copy of the. affirmative ballot to be cast to- i
day. These are distributed in immense quan- j
; titles in the streets and by the Governmental
j journal*. I received eight of these tickets en
closed in my Constitutionuel this morning,
i One of these devices invented by Government
: functionaries to secure for themselves the ma
l joriiy and the advantages of an open ticket rote
is the following: All printers iu France are
- obliged by Uw to obtain from Governmhnt a
I patent or license, and to sign tneir names to ev
ery thing that issues from their pres-es. You
see this lorm observed upon the specimens sent.
Well, printers throughout France h ive receiv
ed orders for a large amount of affirmative
ticke s for which liberal prices are paid; but
the orders aie accompanied with the i timaticn
i that if the• lend their presses to the issuing o
negat.ve tickets their patents will he withdrawn,
i The result will be that millions of voters iu
! France, being uuablo to read or write, will «ltu
i er not vote at all. or will have to vote a written
1 ticket 1 his, be.itg at a glance distinguishable
! front a printed one, will prove in etTect an open
I tic et. signalizing voters to Government suspi
cion ami"persecution. By this means, also, a
; ready means is obtained of recognising the
negative votes winch are to be juggled out of
: the way upon the counting out. No confidence
1 will be felt in the verity of the result actaaliy pro
. claimed. \V itliout doubt this result will be a
| large majority. It will e ab.-ohiteiy necess try
; to proclaim a greater I’onapartist vote thau
• that of May, 1e43 Thia will be done M
Bonaparte must be made to appear to have be
i come more popular than be was four years ago.
Notwithstanding the certainty of the endorse
ment by the people of hia usurpation, he seems
not content to abide the proclamation of his
own and their degradation, but according to die
same writer:
The columns of the Moniteur are daily filled
with the Dictator’s legislative decrees, extend
ing over the whole scope oi legislation exactly
| as though he were already tho regular and den
niliv i ii »islalive power of the coun’ry. Sub
ject* are taken up and made matter of decree
that ere plainly capa le of adjournment, and
that ny Government which considered itself
tem;i< raiy and provisional would assuredly ad
! jour , Judicial and administrative functiona
; lies hy hundreds, are displaced nil over Franco,
and others nominated mose subservient or more
l devoted to ihe exigencies of the Bonapaiiist
po„ , -y. Column alter column, a dozen doubt
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1852.
le-s since the d taos nty last, are taken up wth
;be a nouoes iuei t oi appointments in the Le
gion of Honor, i h-se are chiefly among the
nditary to whom li- continues to pay especial
;ourt as the nt oat reliable aud efficient stuff ol
its usurped authority.
“Tho new Constitution!’’ (wbat a mockery
to talk of a Constitution among such a people,)
io be “granted” by the usurper, after his elec,
tion, has, according to me Paris correspondent
of the IS". Y. Coin. Advertiser, writing under
date J9th ult, been shadowed forth—and the
following are its probable prominent outlines:
“A Council of State, to he named by the Pres
ident
“A Senate of eighty members, for y-oneto he
named Ly the President and thirty-nine by the
Councils General, from a list of candidates made
oat by the President.
“A Legislative Chamber of two hundred and
fifty. Each commune is to name an elector by
universal suffrage. Ihe number of these elec
tors will be 83 0 0 They arc then to name
five hunnred representatives. From this list ol
rive hundred the President will select two hun
dred and fifty, who are to form the Chamber.
‘The President to bo elected for t«.n y* urs.
with the till < of llegent of the Republic. He
shall be responsible unless the communal elec
tors sh ill, three times consecutively, return a
.'tody of representatives out of whom the Presi
dent shall lie unable lo select a Chamber in bis
•'fur, when, if they refuse liie budget, he is to
retire.
“ l’oe press to he free; but not to call in ques
tion ‘religion.’ the ‘rights of property,’ or the
existing loti i! orgoniz -iion.”
Air. Gyurmnn, one of the associates of M.
iossuihin the Pesti Iliri.ip, which the latter pu
'idled in Hungary, a leiiow exile with him in
•vuLiyah. ami one of the party arrived «tN. York
in the Mississippi, is now at tha head of a new ly
re-organized German newspaper in Neva Y'nrk
the Dumokratischer Voelkerbiind—and has
put forth a programme, approved of, sanctioned
and certh ed to by M. Kossuth himself over his
own name and signature, from which it appears
that among the principles which this newspaper
organ has dopted, to promulgate among the
German population of this country, are a repeal
of the Fugitive Slave !«w, and of the present
public land system, which h ive been adopted
and avowed by various p rties in New York
and other cities of the North.
We find tho above paragraph in the Charles
ton Courier, and give it for what it is worth.—
We have no doubt, however, that it reflects
truly the sentiments of the distinguished Mag
yar, because his radicalism leads as directly to
it as effect follows cause. The Abolitionists in
New Y'ork knew their man, hence their anxiety
to make him available at the earliest moment.
Bbaoo’s Mustang L nimkvt.—Dr. Bragg’s
turnouts in Ihe way of wagons for the sale ol
ins Must mg Liniment, are now ss attractive as
the Liniment itself. Yesterday hu made a dis
play of the second of a series of i welve which lie
is building in this city, dr-signed for this special
use. It was built by John F. KnolllioiT, North
Second street, and painted by Wyman & Bo
neau Third Street. Each wagon besides rep
resentations of tho curative virtues of die Lini
ment, is t'- bear on its side the coat of arms ol
the Stile in which it is lo bo used. Tho one
exhibited yesterday is destined for Arkansas,
B. F. Ogle, traveling ag- nt. Thus, while Dr.
Bragg is gutting ready ibr the salo of his really
popular Liniment in tho West, ho is giving sub
stantial encouragement to our worthy mechan
ics. He has also made contracts for the build
ing in New Jersey, of wagons of similar kind
for each of the Athutie cities, to he used for the
same purpose.
We see it stited that Dr Bragg sold last year
SIOO,OOO of the Mus'ang Liniment, and that
he has now in process of manufacturing $250,-
OUO worth for the current year. The sale of
such an amount must be received ns pretty
good proofoftlio virtues of the Liniment.— S<.
Louis Hepub. Oet. 18th-
Augusta and Waynesboro Road.
The Report of the President of the Augusta
and Waynesboro Railroad Company will be
fouud in our pajier this morning. The President
thinks the prospects are favorable for an early
completion of the road. The receipts Jrom that
portion now completed, removes all doubt which
might have existed that the road would not be
profitable.
In the State of Mississippi there are 553 post
offices. Os these, 302 yield less than $25; 90
others less than SSO; 74 others less than $100;
46 others less than $200; 30 others less than
$600; 6 others less than $1000; and 5 others less
than S2OOO
Municipal Election in Macon. —The con
test in Macon on Saturday last for Mayor and
Aldermen resulted in the election of Mr. E. M.
Strohecker (Southern Rights) as Mayor by a
majority of two, and one Southern Rights Al- k
derman. The remaining Aldermen elect are
Union men.
A tornado swept through a part of Lousiana
on the 29th ult., above Baton Rouge, and did
great damage on the plantations on the coast. ;
The end of the sugar house of Pr. Perkins, on i
his plantation, near Bayou Saia, was blown j
down, and his brother was killed by the falling j
of the wall.
The famous clipper yacht America, purchased j
by Lord Blaquierc for 4000 guinea*, is reported !
to have so much fallen off in his lordship’s esti- j
timation that he would not refuse an offer of :
3060 guineas for her. She is now cn route to i
the Meditcrranaeu with her owner.
The English firm of Wood house, has made an
offer to the Austrian Government to construct,
upon advantageous terms, the railway works j
projected in Italy, employing, on tho imperial i
territory, only Austrian labo-ers.
The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin says that j
the outrage upon the American steam ship Pro- j
metheus, by a British-war vessel at Greytown,
Nicaragua, strange to say, is viewed as an outrage i
even by Great Britain herself. The most influ
ential London journals that have expressed opin
ions in regard to it, denounce the conduct of their
naval officers and deplore the difficulty. The ;
alliance of Victoria with the “pinchback majes- :
ty of Mosquitia,” as the London Daily News
calls it, is ridiculed, and the idea of incurring
war or even going to loggerheads, with their
“blood relations” of the United States, is consid
ered not only disreputable but dangerous. Eng
land is beginning to view the U. States as the
only State with which she can sympathise in the j
coming struggle predicted for 1552. So we have 1
no doubt, says the Bulletin, that she will make ;
ample amends for the outrage on the Prometheus. ;
The First Lesson.— No teaching like a 1
mother’s ! uo les-ons sink into the virgm soil of '
childhood so deeply as those learned at a loving
mother’s kuee ; the seed sown thus and then,
may be hidden for years ; but still lives, and in
fluence the life and actions of the learner ever
thereafter. 11l fares it with the mau who has no
remembrance of kneelmg, as a child, beside lr's
mother’s knee, ni.U learning his first lessons
from her lips. lie knows nothing of life's holi
est memories ; and great is the responsibility
of tha mother who confides her child’s first
teaching* to another—who allows a stranger to !
writ* on the tablets of het child’s mind that which
will bias its whole life long career and be as
indestructible a* the mind itself. The lives of
t the great men, we undeietsnd good men, prove
this. They have looked back to the time when
their teacher was their mother,and thence have
! traced a silent influence that was ever about
i them—a “still,small voice,” heard auiid the loud
turmoil of busy life ; though
“Cliances mocked and changes filled the cup of
alternation,”
that chiefly led them on, and set them in high ;
i places in the sight of their fellows. And all j
great men have loved the memory of those
mother*; but the love of ber who framed.
! their childish accents, and formed their miuds,
has transcended all; set as a star apart and
worshipped when they looked to heaven. Oth
j er loves may (al! into ‘the sere, the yellow
; leaf;” may have been mingled with suffering,
and have lelt regret and dissppoi: truer t fce
hind ; hut this, beginning with the first breath j
ofbeing ends only w ith its last.
—
i Scene among the Histrionics. —The follow- |
1 ing laughable scene took place in a Western
; city not long since : The disciples of Thespis
undertook to do up Julius Ciesar. You eg
Wm. O. was to represent C«e*ar. He did very
well nnti| lie was brought in upon the t ier ; un
fortunately then his bearers happened to set
him with his feet but a'few inches from the stove.
The defunct Julius stood fire like a martyr for
a few minutes; but he soon found the heat un
bearable and in the middle of Brutus’ speech
began to haul in bis r eet under the pall. The
1 old folks smiled and the damsels giggled—ho
: dead Caesar drew up his knees—the audience
laughed—the corpse turned over—the orator
paused in his harangue—the delunct Julius
then sprang front bis bier, and turning to the
■ bearers, with clenched fist, asked them if they
calculated to roast him alive I Or.elocg hur
rah then went from every thro'tm the hall, ex
cept the rf*B&urrectioned < he an r kick
ing over his bier, and throwing hw robe* at the
bearers gathered his citizen s attire, and I cit the
school house in high dudgeon-
[From the National Intelligencer, Ist intf.]
Latter frost the Hon. A. F. Owen.
Washington. Dec. 29, ISSX.
Messrs. Gales if Seaton: —Will you <!o tee the
favor to allow me, through the medium o*' your
extensively circulated journal, to make an expo
sition purely of a personal character? I am
aware that inch matters are usually uninterest
ing an i not unfrequently quite distasteful to an
intelligent public. But in this instance I feel
that I have a right to ask a bearing even with
out apology.
In conduct as late Consul for Havana. I
have been harshly assailed and bitterly de
nounced ; not to say grossly misrepresented and
shamefully traduced before the American peo
ple. Os the character of those who were the
most efficient actors in this conspiracy against
I my good name and reputation, or their objects
and motives, I have no intention at this time or
in this way to speak. If my cause cannot stand
upon its own merits nefore the tribunal of an
impartial and right thinking people, I am willing
that I and it may be consigned to that reproba
tion which both would so richly deserve, if I
were such a man as I have been represented to
be. My object, therefore, in asking of you the
rev or, is not to use the medium of your paper for
the purpose of assailing any one, not even my
calumniators, but only to defend myself. I feel
that I have been most unjustly dealt by. Wheth
er others who have not the same interes* inthe
matter shall be of the same opinion will depend
upon their judgment upon what I have to say.
What, then, are the charges which have been
brought against me ? Not having seen any pre
sented in any regular form, I shall have to allude
to them as I have seen them stated in the news
papers at different times. And to begin with the
most prominent:
Ist. It has been said, in substance, that f re
fused to take any steps on the morning of the
16th of August last, to arrest the proceedings
which resulted in the condemnation and sen
tence of death pronounced against my unfortu
nate countrymen,who were taken in the ill-fated
Lopez expedition, who were that day executed
by the authorities in the Island of Cuba ; and
not only this, but that I refused to see them, or to
bear any messages from them to their friends, or
to do any thing manifesting any cominiserat.on
for them in their miserable condition.
To this I have have simply to say, that it is
not true that I refused to take any steps to arrest
the proceedings which resulted in the order for
their execution. It is not true that I knew of
their capture till after their condemnation. As
I have stated on a former occarion, they were
condemned before I heard of their capture; so
that I had no time to act, or to do any thing to
prevent their sentence, if I had had the power ;
to do so. Again : it is not true that I refused to .
see them after the r condemnation. Nor is it j
true that any desire was expressed by any one of ;
them to see me that was made known to me. On j
the contrary, I did express a desire to see them, i
for the purpose of bearing any message they j
might deliver to me to be borne to their triends, j
And I was informed that Mr. Costa, of New Or- i
leans, known personally to some of them, had |
been sent for, and had attended to such matters. (
And I ask that all fair men will bear in mind |
that I had no more power or authority from my
official position to act in the matter than any ;
other American citizen who happened to be there. 1
as will hereafter be fully shown. But it is not ,
true that I even failed to do the utmost as an in- !
dividual to avort the sad fate of these men under j
the most moving and melancholy circumstances i
of their situation. As soon as I arrived at my j
office, a little after ten o’clock in the morning, :
and heard of their sentence and approaching
doom, I addressed a note to the Governor and
Captain General of the Island. This I did not
do in my otficial character, because, apart from
my knowledge of the full extent of my official
powers, I had an interview with the Captain
General the day before, touching the course inten
ded to be pursued by him in case any of the men
invading the Island should be captured, been in
formed by him that he would not allow any in
terference, either officially or personal, by any
Consul in their behalf, let them belong to what
ever nation they might. I therefore, on reaching \
my office, fearing a personal interview might be j
denied me, wrote and delievered in |>ersontothe
private secretary of the Captain General the note
which follows, purely as an act of humanity.— i
The note and the reply the public can judge of :
for themselves:
“ Commercial Agency or the U. States, )
Havana, August 16,1851. J I
Sir :— l have just arrived in the city, and he3-d j
of the capture of a trout fifty of the men who |
came with Lopez, and that they have been con- j
demned to be shot very soon. Under tnese era- j
barrassing circumstances,! regard it as my solemn :
duty to make an appeal to your Excellency in |
behalfof those unfortunate men; and I trust that ;
this will not be considered as an ‘ interference’
either official or personal , on my part. I earnest
ly beseech that the Hues of the prisoners may be
spared, and if all cannot he spared, that no more
shall be taken than are deemed to be absolutely
necessary; and if neither of these petitions can
ba granted, that your Excellency will not permit
the prisoners to be executed immedia ely, but
allow them all he time possible in their deadful
condition. Will your Excellency allow me an
interview at once !
“ I have the honor to be your Excellency’s
obedient servant, A. F. OWEN.
“ His Excellency Sr. D. Jose df. la Conciia.
I Sea/ of the Government of the Island of Cuba.]
Office of the Political Secretary.
I have just received the communication that
you have been pleased to address me, interesting
yourself that I shall spare the lives of all or some
of the fifty prisoners, or that the penalty of death
upon them should at least be suspended. It is
imposible for me to accede to any one of the J
three extremes that your letter coutains. The !
fifty captured incn are not American citizens, or
citizens ofauy other nation. They are pirates, :
acknowledged and declared as such by the Span
ish Government, long before they had attempted
the criminal undertaking that they accomplish- ;
ed; and no otherwise can be considered those
who, without any acknovyledged flag, assemble,
arm themselves, embark; invade, and spill tire
blood of the defenders oi a quiet country, that is
in full peace and friendship with the nation of j
which they call themselves citizens. The
Ainericrn Government itself thus considered I
them also, when, in such solemn aud public docu
ments as its proclamations, it not only reproba
te! the expedition of which they formed a jiart,
but assure*!, in the clearest and most explicit
manner, that it would not acknowledge tbtin as
American citizens; that no effort would be made
in their favor to save them from the penalty
that might be laid upon them in the country j
where they were going: and that, for the same
reason, it would abandon them to the fate they j
might there meet with. I cannot but be sur
prised, therefore, that you should interest your
self in their favor in tbe letter which I am an
swering; although with the saving clause that it
may not be considered as au official or personal j
‘‘interference.” You are aware that Consuls,
who are strictly commercial agents, ought not to
interfere in affairs of this nature; and you cannot
be ignorant either that the will of your Govern
ment is that no efforts be made in behall ol those
who compose such criminal expeditions as the I
one now alluded to.
It being, in the most complete manner, proved
that the fifty prisoners you recommend to me
are part ofthose who, trampling upon all inter- :
national law, invaded in arms this pacific island,
and fought against the soldiery that defend it: it
being notorious that their companions still resist,
protected by the mountains, the attacks of our
troops- r.nd that they, after the defeat they sus
tained, were trying to save themselves by flight
neither justice nor policy counsel me to accede
to the wishes expressed by you; and in this affair
I will notadmit any interference, privately or,
officially, from you, nor from the other Consuls
resident in this city,
God preserve you many years 1
JOSE DE LA CONCHA.
Havana, August 16, 1851.
It mar be proper, before proceeding further, to
state that a very genera! missapprehension seeins
to prevail in the public mind touching the powers
and duties of a Consul for Havana. It does not
seem to be known or appreciated that he is re
stricted in empress terms to such matters as are
strictly commercial. He has no diplomatic pow
ers. and is so informed by the Government of the
United States, and every communication made
by him on subjects other than commercial can
only be addressed as mutters of favor , and not of
right. This can readily be perceived oy read
ing the extent of the powers as set forth in the
following royal exequator.
[We omit the exequator but give its substance.
; It instructs the Cuban authorities to receive Mr.
i Owen "in the capacity of Consul” and to “per
* mit him to enjoy and exercise his functions”—
; in doing which, it declares:]
! "He is not to exercise any act of jurisdiction,
| being only allowed to interpose his arbitration in
j controversies which may occur between mer
i chants and seafaring people,;whith a view of re
■ cor.ciling them and oi settling their differences,
j Under which condition, and none other I grai.t
| him this my royal authority to perforin the tunc
i tions of said office.”!
This is the usual form of the powers allowed
' by Spain to all Consuls in her transmerine de
■ pendencies. And from this it will be seen that
i I bad no more power to act in the matter under
! consideration than any other citizen ot the Uni
! ted States in Havana at that time; no more than
I any one of our naval officers within the range of
I whose guns the execution took place. If any
I one ofjdl the American citizens then there,
either with or without any otficial connexion
with our Government, did more than I did, or
even as much, 1 have yet to learn it. But to
prceed:
2d. It has been said that, after the surrender
and capture of those who came in under the
proclamation of the Governor and Captain-Gen
eral of the 24tb August, and were committed to
the Pupta prison afterwards. 1 refused to se
them, or to do anything lor them, or to mak
any intercession ibr them. One of these prison
ers, Capt. K by. has publ sbed under his own
hand, since nis re ! urn to this country, a state
ment, which has i.ad an extensive circulation
[ through the medium of the presses of Ihs coun-
try. making this charge, and other charges also,
which I shall not dei«n to notice. It is due to
me that the public.however, should know the
tacts; and l shall not solar compromit iny own
•elf respect as to ask the public tojudge between
me and him. But that Capt. Kelly may see
himself how far he is sustained by Capt. Platt
and Lieut. Taylor, of tbe United States s!oop-of
war Albany, to whom he referred in a part of
his statement. I subjoin their joint letter to me:
United States ship Albany, I
Havana, December 4. 1851. J
Sir: Your note of this date, in reference to a
letter published by Capt. Kelly, of the late Lopez
expedition, has been received, and we take great
pleasure in complying with your request.
We have no hesitation in saying that Capt.
Kelly has made a great mistake in that portion
of his statement referring to ourselves, to wit;
"When Capt. Platt of the sloop-of-war Albany
visited us, I sent to Mr. Owen by him, and he
again refused to come. Then Lieut. Taylor, of
the Albany, said be would ‘make him come,’ and
the next morning Mr. Owen paid us a visit with
Capt. Platt,”
The facts are simply these : Before we pro
ceeded to the Punta, on the 30th August, we
called at your office, and you then desired us to
say to the prisoners cofined there for taking part
inthe invasion of Cuba, that if they wished to
see you. you would pay them a visit,although you
could do nothing for them in your official capaci
ty.—Tiiis message was delivered to them, and
they said that they would be glad to have you
come. Your visit to them, in company with
Capt. Piatt, was made in compliance with their
acceptance of your offer.
The inference to lie drawn from toe abovequo
tatioß from Capt. Kelly's letter is that Lieut
Taylor saw the prisoners some time subsequent
to Capt. Piatt’s fi rs t visit to them. Lieut. Tay- I
lor never saw them, except in company with |
Cast. Piatt on the occasion mentioned. Neither
of us heard any complaint from them, at that
time, of any neglect or indifference on your part
towards them.
Very respectfully, your obedient servants,
CHARLES T. PLATT,
WM. ROGERS TAYLOR.
A. F. Owen, Esq., U. S. Consul, Havana.
Now the facts are, that these mail, or most of
them at least, were brought to the city of Ha
vanaand committed to prison on the 28th and
29th of August. On the 30th I addressed the
following communication the Governor and Cap
tain General:
Commercial Agency of the United States,
Havana, Augvst 30,1851.
Sir, —I desire to invite your Excellency’s at
tention to the subject of the American prisoners
i belonging to the expedition of Lopez. Some of
| them have been captured, others have surrender
! ed, and others still will be capurcd, or surrender
! under the proclamation which your Excellency
! was good enough to issue on the 24th inst.
| The invasion beiug ended by the capture and
; dispersion of the men, and the leader of it being
j in the power of the Government, it is not, I am
1 sure, desired, either by your Excellency or the
' Supreme Government, that the unfortunate and
misguided men who were engaged in it shall
j needlessly suffer longer.
It is doubtless known to your Excellency that
! these men have already suffered much. Without
! a sin-iter from the storm, without food, save the
j wild fruit which chance threw in their way, al
: most destitute of clothing, they have for many
| days wandered in the mountains, pursued and j
| hunted down by the very men who, they were
told, were up in arms and revolutionizing this j
I Government.
In view of all these things, the misrepresonta- !
1 tions of the designing by whom these unfortunate j
men have been induced to invade this Island, and !
tha sufferings they have already endured, I res- j
pectfully request that the chains may be removed
from the limbs of the prisoners, and that they
may be treated with all the kindness consistent
with their safe-keeping.
I trust that your Excellency will permit the
prisoners to be visited by such of their country
men as are here or may come here during their
confinement, and who may desire to see them;
' and that they may be allowed such things, in the
; way of diet, clothing, and the like, as may con
| duee to their comfort, which it is desired to as
! ford them.
j I desire to sec your Excellency as soon as an
i interview can be granted, to present some views i
j for your Excellency’s consideration relative to
j the liberation of all these unfortunate men;
i many of them are husbands, and have dependent !
j wives and helpless children; more of them have I
i lathers, motheis and sisters, who will be in the !
I deepest distress at their capture and imprison- |
! ruent when it shall tiecome known to them,
i Hoping for tine most favorable results, and lie- !
; lieving that your Excellency wilt embrace the
; opportunity of showing kindness and humanity j
to the prisoneis, I have t he honor to be your Ex
cellency’s obedient servant,
A. F. OWEN.
Ilis Excellency Sr. D. Jose de la Concha,
Gov. and Capt. General of the Island of Cuba.”
The same day that this letter was addressed to
the Captain General, Capt. Platt and Lieut. Tay
lor called to see me on their way to the prison.
They had previously obtained a written permit
from the Captain General to visit the prisoners.
I sent word by these officers to the prisoners that
I would visit them and do what I could for them,
if they desired it At the same time that they
might not be mistaken as to the extent of my
powers, I sent them word that I could do nothing
for them in my official character. How far my
sympathies were enlisted in their behalf may be j
judged of by the character of my letter. The in- j
terview with the Captain General, requested in ;
that letter, was gianted. And on the evening of ;
, the same day, the 30th of August, the Captain
I General, in that interview, made known to me
bis intention to pardon the whole of the prison
ers. The next day, August 31st, the news was
receiver! of the unfortunate outrages at New Or
. leans, aDd the Captain General immediately sent
for me and informed me of the change of his
; purpose.
But as soon as I obtained a permit to visit the
prisoners, I did so; and to the utmost of my abili- ;
tv 1 did all could to administer to their wants '
arid alleviate their condition. At my interces- i
■ 6 ion their chains were removed ; and 1 directed
, the store-keepers of the prisons, after getting i
jiermission for that purpose, to furnish them with
' every thing they stood in need of. in the way of
! food and clothing, and to charge the same to my
personal account. These bills were piid out of
my own private purse. Other American citi- i
zeus also generously contributed in the same i
i way. And when the Capt. General informed j
me that although he could not pardon all the pri- |
soners. as I had urgently requested him, yet he j
would (tardon a few of them, I interceded spe- j
i daily in behalfof Capt. Kelly, and made his case !
prominent, because he made such a strong appe-ri j
on account of his wife and children, who, as he j
said, would be left in great destitution if he |
! shiuld be sent away. He owes h:s deliverance !
jto me. How far he has re-paid my attentions ;
and kindness others may judge.
1 knew nothing of Capt. Kelly until I saw ■
him in prison; and I know nothing of him since \
ex eptthathe owes that lineriy which enables
him to abuse me to my own generous nature,
which prompted me to select him, out of a great
j many others, as one of a few for whom I special- ■
ly invoked Executive clemency. But again : j
3d. It has been said that 1 was negligent in j
■ the discharge of my duty to Mr Jno. 8. Thrash- i
i er, who has lately been sent to Spain. On this •
point I may barely say that I did all in my pow
er to have Mr. Thrasher’s case piesented in the
way he desired it, as the several communica
tions I addressed to the Captain General in his \
behalf will abundantly show, and to which I j
need only refer at this time.
Whether he was right in his construction of :
our treaty with Spain or not, is not for me to i
say; nor whether he was rightfully or wrong- !
fully condemned. But whether my conduct to- \
wards him as an unfortunate countryman, claim- j
1 ing the rights of an American citizen in a for- ;
eign land, wa» kind ox unkind, can perhaps best >
be judged of by the estimation he placed on it in
; the following letter:
Moro Castle, Havana, Nov. 26, 1851.
Dear Sir: —About to b embarked for Spain
to fill a most iniquitous sentence, I have to thank
you, which I do most sincerely, not only for your
exertions in my behalf, which we can only re
gret have been unavjling, but also lor many acts
: of kindness which you have extended to me.
You are well aware that I do riot go sadly to
my imprisonment, because not only that 1 am
perfectly innocent of the charges against me, but !
i also because I do not believe my countrymen I
i will suffer my unjust sentence to be carried out. ■
Reiterating my thanks to you, I remain, your !
; obliged servant, J. S. Thrasher. |
j A. F. Owen, Esq., Consul of the United States I
-of America.
Now, Messrs. Editors, I have done. I have j
only alluded to the more prominent charges that :
have been made against me. as I have teen en- j
abled to comprehend them before and since my I
! return.
j I have neither time nor inclination to take up j
the thousand* of other silly and unfounded slan- i
' ders that have been industriously circulated
i against rr.e.
I have said that I did not intend, at this time,
j or in this way. to call in question the motives or
objects of those who treated me so unfairly.
This ru : e 1 have endeavored to observe. My
; only object has teen to speak in defence of my
• j self ana of my official conduct.
| r t is proper that I should also state that I have
i | not alluded to the charges above specially set
r forth as in any way connected with the reasons
r of my recall. Ido not know upon what grounds
, ! or for what cause I have teen recalled; nor do I
i j wish to be considered as complaining of that re
f call. lam not the man to appeal to the public
> | on account of such a grievance, even if I felt it.
j But 1 can say with truth that I have verv little
r ; feeling on that subject; indeed none at all] except
5 in so tar as the fact itself might corroborate the
- J idea that I had rendered myself unfit for such a
9 j place, by proving that 1 was destitute ot those
kindlier feelings of our nature which prompt the
generous heart "to feel another! wo,” and "to
- | hide the fault we see,” which I value more than
a , all the emoluments of all the offices that all the
- powers on earth have it in their power to be
lt J stow.
-j -Whatever may be my errors, I am sure none
VOL. LXVI.—NEW SERIES VOL. XVI.—NO. 3.
who know me will attribute them to any misdi
rection of the impulses of the heart. And it is
for the information of those who do not know me
that I have been induced to make this exposition.
But wherein, may I not be allowed to ask.
have I erred in any respect in this matter ? May
I not put the question, in all confidence, even to
those who have done me no greater injustice
than simply to say that they “‘do not approve of
my conduct,” wherein do they not approve of
'*■ —What act do they find iau!t with? What
deed ol omission or commission do they com
p.ain of*—Did Ido any thing wrong ? 6r did I
leave undone any thing which I ougut to have
itone, and which was in ray power to do ? Is
there any higher standard of duty than this J If
so, what is it ?
My greatest error, perhaps,has been that which
a friend had the kindness the other dav to point
out to me; and it requires a friend sometimes to
bring our real errors to our notice. u ,Mr. Owen,”
said he, “you have done everything which you
ought to have done, except to take care of your
self. ’ If such shall be the general opinion of my
countrymen I shall be satisfied.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. F. OWEN
Augusta Bridge—Judge King’s Letter.
Miu.edgxvii.lk Jin 2, 1852
Messrs, grieve Sr Ormt:— Fmdiug a good d-al
of interest in the public mind, in relation to a
connection of Railroads .it the City of Augusta ;
and fen'-ing that no portion of the people were
! m»re deeply and iinutediuteljr intsrested in the
I question than those I represent. I made some
i inquiries of Judae King, whom I found sneud
| r>g afe .v days in the City of Milledgevillo. in
j relation to the subject, aud received from him i -
i reply, tho accompanying letter. He authorized
me to use liiu letter iu any way I saw proper
My first intention was to use it in argument upon
the floor of the Senate, when tha que-dion of
connexions!: uklbeagitat d there; hut, fearing
the press of business at the close of the session
may deprive me of this privilege, aud not being
willing to withhold from th j country so clear
an ext osition of the subject, I must ask of you
to publish it in your journal.
When it is remembered that Judge King is
one of the largest real estate owners of the City
of August), aud a man who has. in his own
words, spent th) prime of his hie in the promo
tion of her interests, he will at least be relieved
from the charge of selfishness, or hostility to
that < ity. I regret to see the present state of
political reeling seized upon tn contr I this
que-tion. 'l’he cry of - building up ( harleston''
has no terrors for me. Whether Carolina has
acted wisely or unwisely furnishes no reason
satisfactory to my mi ld, that I should pay a tax
of fifty cents per bale on my little crop of cot
ton, and a like tribute upon ev- ry article of mer
chandize I may find it necessary t * psrehaso
l think there will be found th usands of others
who feel the same way. Nor do I believe
either of tho cities which are now crying so
lust ly for bridgesand toll gites to shut out
(. hailestonconsider ilhigh treason to go there,
provided you give them a call on your way
thither. I coufess I have no fancy for pur
chasing indulgence from Priest or gate keeper.
N. G FOSTER.
Millbdgeville, Dec. 22,1851.
Lear Col. —l will answer the inquiries con
tained in your note of this moru’ug, though it
is a subject upon which Ido not write or speak
with much pleasure or pstienoe. I have wasted
the prime of life in an effort to piuce Georgia in
an elevated position among her sisters, and to
make Augusta the first inlaud city of the South.
Just at a time when our enterprising citizens
supposed these objects on the eve of accomplish
ment we find ourselves discouraged and mor
tified bv the exhibition of a miserable selfish pol
icy, as disgraceful to the State, as it will qe ruin
ous to priv to interests.
It is not true that Augusta purchased and
paid l'or the present monopoly of the bridgo
The monopoly purchased hus long siuce ex
pired, and the bridge liar several times paid for
itself, moeopo y and all, since the purchase was
mads. Nfither is it true lax on the
mail wagon is paid hy the General Government.
It is paid in part by the Georgia Railroad Com
pany. _ The Carolina Company and the Geor
gia Railroad Company, witn a view to remedy
to some extent the unaertaiuty ol the Wilming
ton boats, agreed to run an express train from
Charleston to bring tip the mails that might
arrive hy tardy boats. Neither company ch -rg
ed any additional compensation for this s rvice,
but expected at least the thanks of the mer
chants, and particularly those of Augusta. The
occasion was immediately seized upon by our
Council to raise the toil on us, front 3 to $5110;
audals • to raise the toll on the Omnibus, which
is now sl,Bo;p*rannum These however are
merely items of the sum total of 30 or $40,(Ml
per annum imposed upon tho commerce ol'tlio
country. This tribute is mostly paid hy the
people of Middle and Western Georgia. Rut
in principle it utters not who pays it. If the
principle be sound, it is in th- power of the
State, through town rorpuratiuns, to break up j
all intercourse among the States. Ihe m nop
oly of Augusta is a monopoly ofbridgus with
in the corporate limits. Rut iT tiie City refuses
the privilege of crossing within these limits, uud
the State refuses the pi ivilcge of crossing any
where else, it is virtually a monopoly from Ty
beetothe mouth ol'Keowee. lit commerce we
are one people. The ports of Charleston and
New York areas much our ports, u e the ports
of Georgia. They can make no discrimination
against us; and it is to this feature in our con
stitu ion. more than to any other, that we owe
our wonderful growth and prosperity as a peo
ple. All other States have recognized this
principle. It is believed that Georgia stands
alone. What a spectacle do we now exhibit in
the eyo- of our sisters,’ No state in the Union
has ask'd so much Ire in other Stat s in per
fecting a system of internal improvements and.
making them profitable as ha* the StaUnl’G or- i
gis; iiud (here is it-.no more dependent on other j
'tates for the future growth of her commerce.
A portion of our gro *1 Slate w ork lies in len
uessee, and we could not roach the centre of
the great vailev wi h ut this courtesy. Tit
great South-western line is open through the
South-' astern corner of Alabama, and when !
completed may coint tit, uttUtxed, our principal j
seaport with the principal seaport "I I Jortdx. j
'lhrough H e'tPo nt wo will trade and travel, i
untaxed to tiie < apitol and heart of Alabama !
A ra-.t trade is now setting in, and rapidly in- j
creasing from that Stite.
In voin did afe « pocket patriots, “ armed I
and equipped,” m.ike a struggle at West Pciut i
to build up “ an Alabama town,” by drayage j
and tolls. They stated that the tendency of
trade was to the Atlantic ports for better pi ices,
and that cotton would come from the ware
houses in Montgomery to the great injury of
their immense boutiug interest, and the ruin of
their own seaport. “So much the better,” said
the Legislature, “ if our planters can obtain
better prices. So far Irotn injuring—it will
add to the wealth of the State.” And so it
wi'l.
Without multiplying cases let us now 1 ok
to the example of the great State of New
York.
This is truly an “Empire State,” and con
sidered high authority by our legislature
when they wish to justify a saltwater lr«d.c.
When the canal enlargement shall be comple
ted, New York and its citizens will have expen
ded over SSO,UOb,UOO, (fifty oiilliuus) tocmiuect
the city of New York with the lakes and the
valley of the west. Now look at the map and
you will see that without the consent of New I
York, Massachusetts is as completely cut otf ,
from the intense trade opened by this magnifi- |
cent improvement as if it were in the middle of j
Asia Did the State selfishly hold this ad van- i
tage ? So fa- from it, the State, on application
from Massachusetts, passed an set that —“ if the
State of Massachusetts shall construct a Rail
road from Boston to the eastern bonudary of
this State, either directly or through the medium
of an incorporated company, the legislature of
this State will construct it from thence to the
Hudson river, or grant to the State of Massachu- '
setts or some authorized company, the right |
of so doing, and taking tolls thereon under j
prooer restrictions.” The road was completed j
and Boston is in full and free competition with j
New York for the trade of the west.
The connection with Boston being accom
plished the Boston capitalists, stepped over the j
line and aided their neigh ors, with money, to j
build the '* Attica and Buffalo road.” And j
“ the Albany and West Stockbridge road” is !
actually lea-cd without jealousy, by the Massa
chusetts Western Rroad.” L'pou this legisla
tion and this policy—that able writer—A. O
Flagg, late comptroller—remarks, “ Although j
the obvious tendency of the Massachusetts road
was to direct a portion of the trade of the Erie ,
canal from the city ol New York, yet the legisla
ture was willing to make a free grant to tnose
I interested in the road of the same privileges
|as if they were citizens of New York. And
! in the management of the public works of
New York, the State has uniformly resisted
all attempts to establish any discriminat on
either ia the rates of t il or otherwise between
our own citizens and those of o'her States and
Canada, in the use of the canals. If these
works had been constructed by the general
government. a« was contemplated at one time
the privilege of using them by the citizens of
all the State cr.nld not have been more impur
tiiHy di*p nsed ‘h-nit has been by the govern
ment of New York. ‘ Instead i f losing by
this policy, the interests i f this State have ob
viously been promoted by it.” And so they
have; and the interests of Georgia would oh*
v ously be promoted by a smiiltr pohey. Hut
what a humiliating contrast d - we present.
Besides various small favours to the State road, .
the Georgia railroad and Charleston have con- ;
tributed a million of dollars to the extension of;
our great western line of improvement*, whilst ;
Savannah and the Central line have done
nothing. By the extensions in Tennessee the
profits of the State road will be more than
doubled, and without the a-ststance from
Charleston, they could not, and would not have
been bnilt. favannalt receives her fall share
of the trade (nought from the west by these
improvements, and no blame is attached to her
for refusing to contribute to them. She should
not however scorn the valuable assistance of
our neighbors, and at the same time propose
to mon'<pn!ize the fruits of Ibeir labors. Like
New York we should gladly and harmoniously
co-operate with our neighbors in drawing the
immense trade of the west to our South Atlantic
ports. *
This cannot be done by offering a monopo
ly to one port. Open a free competition how
ever and the trado will leave its "Id channels and
at trt to the South Atlantic with entire confidence.
Tiie Sn.te road, and our two main lines of im
provement, would soon he crowded with busi
ness. Our interior towns and inannfdc'ories
Aotild bo euriched by tho overflow of this im
mense thoroughfare, and -laviinua'i and Charles
ton, in honorable rivalry, would contribute to
the prospe ity of each other. With Augusta,
Savannah and' Charleston all before hitn in free
competition, the Western merchant would
leave home in perfect ectifidence ihat he would
get the best price for his produce and that in one
or all these markets he would bo aide to find a
full assortment, and supply all his wants at rea
sonable rates By a free competition, each
would secure a much larger share than would
be secured to any one by an odious nnd invidi
ous monopoly'. By the truly national policy
here indicated, the interests of New York ‘'have
been promoted,” And bow and why promo
ted ? Not only by the profits of private and
public investments, but by doing full nnd
equal ustice to her own citizens. They did
not legist >te for the city of New York alone, but
for the peop e id the vdhole State lying west of
Albany They wishfi the advantage of a
free compel tion with other parts
If the farmer, wjien he brings his flour to
Albany, find' that he can get in Boston 2 •
cents per barrel more ter ii, than he can get in
New York, he has the right, nnd tire po t er to an
there ; aud by this competition, full and lair nii
cos are a!way secur'd, and productive indus
try encouraged.
But how ia it with us ? You live in Morgan
and can tint trade directly to Sevan ah. Yon
mu-t send vour c<>tt"ii to Augusta. Then you
should have the full benefit oi' a free choice be
tween < hurlesiou and Savannah. You perhaps
find the t harleston market the best, but you
find ottr worthy Representative, *Mr. Walk
er, ‘‘armed and equipped, ready to d > battle,”
at the toll gate, lie says to you, ‘Savannah
has a heavy tribute for crossing the State line
If you refuse to pay ho slaps the gale in your
face, and tells you to go 300 miles round that
you may pass through “our only seaport. It
is in vain to disguise the tax. If you se'l in
Augusta, the buyer counts the cost of drayage
tolls; and if you ship yourself, you pav them
Those t-dls ami charges are just as much a tax
on those who are forced to pay them as if col
lected by the tax-gatherer; because if you re
move the monopoly, tho whole expense disap
pears. The rate from Augusta and Hamburg
would be the s ,iue.
But this is not all the tax you pay by this nb
struction; or by any means the heaviest. The
supplies you purchase in Augusta, s > far as they
come through the ports of Charleston, are taxed
with these charges. Or perhaps the merchant
in Madison with whom you deal, finds it his in
terest to deal in Charleston or New York.
When he reaches Hamburg with his goods, he
finds that it will cost him from 12 to 15 per cent
on the entire freight from Charleston, to carry
them to the Georgia Railroad depot. This hea
vy charge I fear will continue to get worse.
Hamburg is determined not to bo outdone by
Augusta, and is now imposing heavy taxes upon
the means of transportation between the two
depots. The drayman is heavily taxed before
ho leaves Augusta for Hamburg—hcav ily taxed
for crossing over—heavily taxed when he gets
to Hamburg—taxed on his return, and some
times, in despair draws off his hurness and quits
his business that he may bo tuxed no more.
This actually happened lately with a contractor
for hauling tho Lagrange Railroad Iron. Ho
guve up his contrac and quit the business, say
ing. he could not stand the taxes of tho two
cities.
As a domestic question, nil our citizens are
deeply interested in this matter. “Monopolies
in trade beget slothful service and high profits.”
Tho eflect is the same everywhere.
Tho competition between Charleston and Sa
vannah keeps both markets in a safe and healthy
stale and has : eeu estimated, not extravagantly,
to he worth to tho people of Georgia, a million
of dollars per annum.
I have no time now to answer more. It is
said, the majority is fixed. You might as well
attempt to torn the Mississippi up stream as to
argue against the current ol prejudice and a
fixed combination, with the hand placed on the
on echcs pocket. Geoigin is par excellence a
union State, that is, a uuioo of one S'Ction to
despoil the other. A union of so t-e counties to
tax and oppress tlm rest. A union to levy tribute
oo our fellow citizens of o'her States, whom we
have invited to trade with ns; God lief - us! I
wonder if our politicians never think of such n
thing ns consistency ? If every .-Hate were to
mount “the Georgia platform.” and armed and |
equipped’’ levy tribute at the Sta e lines, the
union would not last five yours and during a
fitful and feverish existence would not be worth
a copper.
Yours &o. John P. Kino.
"dee a letter in tho Chronicle & Sentinel.
Spain,
Parson or the Cuban Prisoners.— The
gratifying intelligence of the pardon by the
Queen of Spain of the Cuban prisoners is offi
cially announced by the Madrid Gazette in the j
following terms:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. —The reply which i
the Government of the Ucited States has given 1
to the reclamations of her Majesty's Govern- |
ment, has just been receive! by an extraordinary j
chan tie!.
The frank and honorable manner with which I
the Federal Government has conducted itself on i
this oca-ion, ackn wledgiiik’ the insult offered I
to tiie Spanish flag by u sedicious crowd, appre
ciating it in the same terms ns the government
ot her Majesty, mid offering to the latter ail the ’
reparation which is ju-t, passible, and decorous
fur both conntne-, and in the most satisfactory
terms, ha- decided her Maje-tv to consider her
sell as fully satisfied on this subject. ordering the
note adJres-ed by the lion. Mr Daniel Web
ster, Secretary of Foreig- Affairs < f the United
States, to Don Angel Calderon d> la Barca,
Minister Plenipotentiary of her M;ji»tjr at |
VY aslrngtoii, to be pubh-be I in die Gazette.
Her Majesty lias ordered the publication of |
this import nit document, because it is consider
ed an act of justice which satisfies ‘•pain as much
as it exalts the government of the I liiied States 1
of which her Majesty’s governmentnpveT ceas ]
ed to expect that it would d snpprovc such pain,
ful eve ts, an t that the loyally of its conduct oil
this occasion would offer new guarantees and
greater securities for the maintenance of the
friendly relations which with tccip ocal advan
tage, have constantly existed between the two
governments. That of her Majesty considers
it «s an event of the highest importance for both
countries, that the negotiations relative to this j
grave subject, have terminated in so satisfactory
a manner.
Mr. Webster’s note, which is a long one, is
dated Washington, November 13. mid com- ;
un-nces by giving an account of the affair at
New Orlesus, stating such circumstances as.
though i.ot excusing them in any way, to put
them under the least aggravating aspect, as not
premeditated hut arising from the excited feelings
of a mob of persons none of whom were in any
official capacity, and who were under the im
pression that many Americi n citizens l ad been
put to death by the Spanish authorities, nithout
trial of any kind. Mr. Webster, at the same
time declares that liis government “considers
those outrages as unjustifiable acts, as equally
ignominious, and us a potent infraction of duty
and of decorum; and that it disapproves them
as truly, and deplores them as profoundly os
| Senor Calderon or bis Government can do.
: The Spanish consul was in this country fulfill
ing official functions, and protected not only by
tiie principles of the law of nations and of the
laws of the country, but also by the express
stipulat ons of treaties; and the undersigned
Ins received orders from the President to assure
; Senor Calderon that these events have caused i
, him great sorrow, and that he considers it due
toher Catholic Majesty’s Government to confess
! and acknowledge it. The note goes on to j
, say that the American Government will indem- i
nily Mr. Laborde, the Spanish Consul at New
Orleans, for all losses he sustained on the occa- !
sion ; but in 'answer to Senor Calderon’s de- j
inand of the same indemnity for other Spanish i
subjects, whose shops were attacked, their claims j
are considered to be of a different character; the j
first has a right to a special indemnity, the lat- ;
ter have a right to the same protection as Ainer- ,
ican citizens have; and it is added that in apply- 1
inr to the tribunals for redress, Spanish subjects
have even *->me advantages over American citi- |
tens,as they are entitled either to the tribunal* .
of the (J. 8 a’es, or those of the State th- y re- .
side in, at th-ir option. The note concedes j
1 * The President is of opinion, as I have said,
that for obvious rea-nns the ea-e of the Consul j
is different, and that the Government of the
Coifed State' ought to give a just indem ifica
tiou to Senor Laborde; and he wiil recommend
it t. the Cong'era in the fir-t sittings >-f the nei t
Legidature. Thin is all that it is in his faculties
tn do; it is a cage without precedent; hut die
President, being of opinion that Senor Laborde
ought to be indemnified, has not thought il ne
cessary to seek for precedents of it.
In conclusion the nndersigned has to say that
; if Senor Laborde returns to bis post, or tiie g‘>-
; vernmeiit of her Catholic Majesty should name
another consul, order will be given to the func
tionaries of this government resident iu that city,
| to receire him and treat him with courtesy and
; with a national salute to the flag of his ship in
I case he arrivives in a Spanish vessel, aa a dem
onstration of respect that may make known to
j himself and to bis government, the reprobati n
i o' the government of the United States of the
’ | enormous injustice caused to bis predecessor by
j an Ojnbridled mob, as well as the off nee and in
p suit Coinmifed by them on a foreign nation with
s which the United States are, and desire always to
> remain, on terms of the most friendly sud paci
r fie riluti-ns, The undersigned, &r.
i (Signed) Daniel Webster.
: The Gazette continues thus:
This result, to satisfactory, having been thus
obtained, and tho Queen, our lady, desiring to
Sive to the respectable President of the United
tates. and to his Government, a testimony of
her friendly dispositions, has thought fit, by a
spontaneous act of her royal clemency to por
tion ail the prisoners proceeding from tho last
expedition against the isle i.f Cuba, who may
he citi/. ns ol the Uiu'ed States, whether th-y
be in Sp dn fulfilling their sentences, or whether
they Mid remain iu * ub t.
[ I inally. she hereby approves the conduct of
j her Minister at Washington, who has known so
[ well h wto compreheud the respective positions
' of the Spanish Government ami that «f the Uui
-1 ted Stales, in »rder to bring <o a happy teruiina
-1 tion and in tho most conciliatory manner, so im
portant and dehc-.'te a business. nil in order
1 to give him a proof of her royal es'eeu.,-h has
conceded him tho Grand Cross of Charles 111,
(From the Savannah Republican.)
Report of the Augusta and Waynesboro’ Rail-
Road.
Office Augusta Sc Waynesboro’ R. R., )
Savannah, January I, 1852. J
The accompanying Report of the Chief Engi
neer, and the Table of Receipts and Expendi
tures, prepared by the Secretary, exhibit the
operations of the Company for the past year,
and the present condition of its affairs Thera
are many items, large in amount, such as Iron,
Spikes, Chairs, Freight See., included, under
’ Construction,” which have not passed into the
accounts of the Engineer Department, as the
bills were paid at the Company's Office in
Savannah. Hence the difference between the
tables of the Engineer and Secretary.
At the date ol the last Ann al Report, the
Board confidently expected that the Road would
have been opened to Waynesboro’, before the
commencement of the present business season.
This expectation was justified, not only by the
positive obligations ot respectable contractors,
but by the energy exhibiied, and expanses incur
red, by these cor;tractors, to impart an amount of
labor -ufficieut to redeem their pledges. Our
hopes have tot been realized; and whatever
share of blame attaches to the contractors for this
disappointment, and consequent loss to the Com
pany, it is quite certain that the supply of lalior
within their reach, during the first half of the
past year, was entiiely inadequate to the demand.
This deficiency in labor was seriously felt upon
every similar work, wrtbin tins and the adjoining
States.—Other circumstances affecting the pro
gress of the work have been referred to in the
Report of the Chief Engineer; and the Board,
concurs with him, in the importance which he
attaches to their effects. Happily for us, and
others interested in these works, there is now
an abundant supply of this description of labor ;
and contractors can avail themselves of no such
excuse at the close of this ueacca.
But two years have ela wed since the Engineer
party took the field, (immediately after the or
ganization of the Company,) to commence the
preliminary surveys, from the Central Rail Road
to Waynesboro’. Since that date, there has been
no period of time in which the work was not
going steadily on; though much retarded by
causes already referred to. And, notwithstand
ing the great difficulties encountered, in the di
minished supply and high price of labor, and the
reputed unhealthiness of the country through
which tie lower portion of the line passes, the
progress of the work may safely challenge a com
parison with that of any similar enterprise going
on at the same time, in this or the neighboring
States.—The impression which seems to exist
that there has been wusual delay in constructing
the Road, has doubtless I wen derived, partly from
the exceedingly short time within which the
contractors engaged to have the work completed,
and partly from the number and the distribution
of the interests to be favorably affected by the
opening of the Road. The impatience manifested
by these various interests, and the public gener
ally, ii no unfavorable omen; but an evidence of
the active business which awaits us, upon the
completion of the road.
The Board has observed with pleasure, a grow
ing impression on the minds ot business men
every where of the value of our Road; and this
impression has l>een sensibly aff-cted by the
opening of the fifteen mdes now in operation.
Nearly all who were heretofore skeptical on this
subject, now readily admit, that the Road will
begin to yield a handsome return on the invest
ment, as soon as completed.
At the date of the last Report, contracts had
been made for the trading, as far as Macßean
Post Office, about seventeen tniles from Augusta,
by the Stage Road. In March thereafter, a sub
scription to our Stock of $93,000, was voted by
the Stockholders of the Central Rail - Road; that
Company having already subscribed 53,000. The
Board then felt authorized to order an amount of
1 iron sufficient to lay the thirteen miles of Road
next beyond Waynesboro’. A portion of this
iron is now daily expected to arrive in Savannah;
and the materials will then be on hand for lay
ing the traek continuously beyond Waynesboro’,
as soon as the Road is opened to that point.
The Stockholders of the Georgia Railroad, ia
convention, in May last, instructed the Director*
to cubscribe 5’.00.000 to the Stock of this Com
pany, upon certain terms, so soon as the work
was under contract to Augusta. The summer
was then at hand, labor scarce, and the season
unfavorable for soliciting bids. No action was
therefore taken by this Board until the opening
of winter. Authorized by this promised sub
| scripfion. and justified by the lavorable bid*
which were induced by the increased supply of
labor, contracts have now been closed for the
; grading, masonry, bridging. &c., to Auguita. as
' detailed in the Chief Engineer’s Report The
! contractors are already on the work with a re
j spectable force, and the prospect* for an early
I completion of that portion of th* work ar* very
| flattering.
The central Railroad Company ha* agreed to
work this Road, for the present; that Company
payitc. G per cent, per annum on the dost to the
’ different way station*, and 7 percent, on the en
tire cost, ax soon as the Road is completed to Au
gusta. Such an arrangement i* highly advan
tageous to this Company, as the expense of pro
curing and maintaining a separate outfit and or
ganization fur an unfinished Road, as short as
; tbit, would fail heavily upon our present resour
ces; while it can be profitably worked as a
. branch ol the Central Road, with an organiza
tion and equipment already provided,
j The Right of Way has been secured, and titles
executed to the Company, as far as Mcßean Post
i Office; with a few uiuuipurtant exceptions, chief
| lv arising from doubtful ownership of land*.—
! Considerable progress has also been made be
| tween tins last point and Augusta, but several
cases sti I remain unsettled. In a tew instances
in Burke County, the Company has been com
pelled to submit to excessive danugt. award ed by
appraisers and juries; but the injury thu* sus
tained has been, iu a great measure, compensa
ted for by the liberality of those landholdeis who
made conveyances without compensation. A
I list of those persons who have given the right of
j way can be furnished to the stockholders in a
; future report, when the expenditures under this
I head have closed.
The number of Stockholders in tiffs Company
is unusually large for the amount of capital; and
the difficulty of collecting instalments is very
much increased by this circumstance, and by the
fact that a number of the smaller stockholders
reside in the country, at distant point-, not easy
of access. The “calls of the Board have been
complied with by a large majority of the stock
holders with commendable promptness; but
there are so many now in arrears that it is fear
ed that the provisions of the Charter on this sub
ject must soon be enforced, to prevent embarrass
ment.
Respectfully submitted,
A. R. LAWTON, President.
The report of the Engineer, Mr. Holcumb, pre
sents a succinct statement of the condition ot the
Road. He sees no reasons to change his opinion
expressed in a former report as to the ultimate
cost of the Road. He pays a well merited com
pliment to his Assistant Enginer, Mr. Millen.
The receipts from capital stock, &c., of the
Road up to 31 -t December, 1831, were $370,377,
• 17; the disbursements $300,338.99 —and tha
: funds cm hand at that date $64,818,18.
[Telegraphed for the Baltimore American.)
Uarkisbi-ko. Jau. 6.
Meeting of the Legislature. —Tho Statu Leg is -
; latnre assembled here to-day. Tho lionso met at
11 o'clock, and organized by electing John L. Wbey,
Democrat, of Armstrong county, speaker.
| Tbo Senate adjourned alter three unsuccessful
I ballots.
j John H. Walker, Whig, of Erie, roeeivod 15 votes,
and H. A. Muhlenberg, Dcm., of Burks. 15 vote*,
! upon each ballot. Mr. Hamiltou, tbo Nativo mem
; ber from Philadelphia county, declined voting.
„ Ai.bxnt, Jan A
Meeting of the Legislature — Governor’s Met*
j M ge —The Legislature met to-day. The Senate
was organized by tho election of Democratic ofll
j eers, and tho liouso by the election of Whig offl
i cent by 4 majority.
The annual meesage of Gov. Hunt was delivered,
i in which he speaks of tbo progress of tho State '
and the valuation of property as having increased
to over a billion of dollars.
Ho advocate* the euargemcct of tbo Canal by
cresting a Stale debt of $21,600,000, which can be
discharged by a sinking fund in 17 years.
He suitos that seventeen person shad boon found
guilty of murder and throe of arson during tha
j year, and six had buen executed.
! Ho •peaks also of tho corrupt practices at elee
! (ions, and the of railroad accident*.
He then argues in luvor of a change in the tariff
and en the slavery que-tion recommends mutual
forbearance ao.i a discoslinauncr of agitation He
conoludvs by sneaking in favor of tho lo.onizatton
Society, and declares bo is not a candidate lor ro
[ election.
I The Nsw-Yqrk Express ststes that the Board
■ of Directors ot tne Art Union hav* directed pre
| reedings to be taken against the prrprietoi the
i New York Herald lor a libel on the directors of
i that institution, alleged to be contained in an as
s j tide in the Herald of the Ist. mat.