Newspaper Page Text
Volume Xj
PUBLISHED WEF.RLT
BY PM LIT C. GUIEU.
WZT NEW ARRANGEMENT.
A* experience has discovered to us the little
at'ention paid ‘o priming debts, and the g-veat
difficulty and expense in collr-ctmg such deb's;
Si as a few nlv can be called liberal m paying
punctually what thev nwr justly, to the printer,
we have, after due consideration, come to this
conclusion, that we oltoht not to give credit
We are compelled, therefore, to adopt anew
plan In cOnseq ince of h;* determination,
oiii’ terms shall in ftrure b for die paper three
dollars per annum, if paid in advance—tour
Aiollars, if paid within s x months—and five
“A jllars if pa and only a* the end of the year
For adverts -men's, thev are to he paid in ad-
Vance sheriff sales excepted which are obe
paid q-a erii Th .ib >ve r i'. -i *hall be
• tric'lv observed, and no ■ nr need apply who
is not ready to comply with them
Terms of Advert ung, 7.5 cents per square
fr>r the first insertion, and 62 1-2 cents tor
each continuation
tfT* WE are requested to announce
JOHN W. ronPER, Esq as a
candidate for Jus'ice of the Inferior
Court. Jtpril lo. 1824.
(£7* BV hare been requested to an
nonnee RI H 1RI) HUDSPETH ,
E'sq as n n candidate for Justice of
the Inferior Court,
April 10, 1824.
At Auction,
Hardware & Cutlery ,
PITF.NT PI OUGHS, &c.
Comprising the whole of the subscri
ber’s extensive nrd newly im
ported stock of
GOODS:
Which consists of a great variety of
TABLE Knives A. Folks; Poi-k
----et tv Penknives; Lancets, Ha
zors and Scissors, Ha.id, Whip,
Cross Cutt and other Saws; Files
and Haps; Carpenters’ Planes, Chis
ids, Lurks and [lieges, assorted;
common and line Gilt Buttons;
Brushes, assorted; Guns, Fish
Hooks, Trace Chains, Patent Hoes,
and almost all oilier goods in the
Hardware line. It bei.;g his inten
tion to quit the trade, the whole of
bis remaining stock will be told in
lots to 9Ulf purchasers, at public
Auction, on the third day of May
oext, at his store iu Augusta, at 9
months credit.
The assortment being very exten
sive, Country Merchants who may
wish to lay in a supply, will find it
worthy heir attention to attend.
In the mean time those who call
will be supplied on liberal terms at
reduced prices
Reuben Leggett.
Mareh 3! 1824. 15—4(
) D Meigs & J. M. Hand,
* Having so med a connection for the
purpose of transacting a
Warehouse
And Commission Business ,
S PECTFULLY solicit the
Jt \ patronage of their friends and
the pubic their Ware U ,
situated opposit that of Messr- R.
Malone & CoY upper end of Bioad
street and is new. spacious and con
venient and from it- situation a!*
fouls great security from fire. The
subscribers wi 1 also attend to reced
ing and forwarding any produce or
merchandise confided to their care.
Daniel Meigs.
Jonathan M. Hand.
Augusta, December Si;
Notice.
A LL persons indebted to the late
fn firm of Charle-. itt’ h&Co of
Petersburg, E bert County either by
note, open account, or otherwise, will
please come forward and make im
mediate pa ment to the subscriber,
otherwise the same will be put in suit
for collection ; and ail demands against
the said firm must be rendered in pri- :
or to the 15th of May next.
F. G- H. Gunther, Attorney
for surviv ng copartner of the *are firm
of CHARLEb WimCH & Cos.
The subscriber is to be (hand until
further notice, at Mr Frederick Bit
tack's, Newford, \* tikes County. Ga.
_JMarch 26, 1824. 13^-6 t
Sheriff's Titles,
Neatly Printed,
And for sale at kills office.
The Washington News.
NOTICE.
Bank State of Georgia,
Savannah, 6ih ip*U 1324.
VEMLLbe held at the Banking
?▼ House io this city on Mon
day the 3d day of May ensuing, an
election tor nine Directors on the
part of the Stockholders, to sefve
; f i* twelve months fr m that peri
| od. The poll will be opened at ten
; A. m. and at lw<p. m and
I will be conducted by ‘wo Sio, khol
| ders and two freeholders oi a in ij r
---ity of them.
By order of (be Board.
A. Porter, cashier.
6, 1824. 16—St
Administrators Sales
ON Saturday the 22d of May
next, will be sold agreeably to
• an order of the Court of O.dinary of
Elbert county, at the court hou&e of
said county,
O te tract of Land
containing 613 4 acres, in said coun
ty, adjoining Samuel Allgood and o
ther*. it being the real estate of John
C Taylor, deceased: to be sold for
the benefit of rhe heirs and creditors
of said deceased.
Rebecca Taylor, adnTx.
March 15, 1824. 12—tds
T-Y “TILL blsold orTthe first Tues-
V\ dav in May next, at the court
house o Wi kescou ty, agreeably to
an order o the court o Ordinary of
said county,
Two Negroes,
a boy named Allen, and a woman
named Dinah- belonging to the e$
tare o Isaac Cal away dec & to be
{.old or the benefit o the heirs and
creditors—Terms made known on the
day of sale.
Henry Pope, } |
Absalom Janes, ) i
Wmnifred Callaway, acini’x
March B, 1 32*. 12—tds
WILL be sold on .Saturday the
24*h of April next at the late
residence of Tabirha Burton, deceas
ed in Elbert county, all the property [
of said deceased, consisting of one
gig, crop of cotton, corn and fodder,
cows and ca ves, stock of hog , ba
con one black mare, and sund y ar
tides too tedious to mention —Terms
made known on the day of sale.
Leroy Burton, adm’r.
March 6,1824. 11—tds
OFFICIAL PAPERS.
INDIAN RESERVATIONS IN GEORGIA.
Message from the President of the
United States , to both Houses of
Congress.
I transmit to Congress certain
papers enumerated iu a report from
the Secretary of War, relating to
‘the compact between the U. States
and the State of Georgia* entered
into io 1802, whereby the latter ce
ded to the former a portion of the
territory then within its limits, on
the conditions therein specified By
the 4th article of that compact, it
was stipulated that the (J. States
should, at their own expense, ex *
lingoish, for the use of Georgia, the
lodiao title to all the lands within
the state, as soon as it might be
done peaceably and on reasonable ;
conditions. These papers snew tne ‘
measures adopted by the Executive 1
of the United States, in fulfilment
of the several conditions of the com !
pact, from its date to the present I
time* and particularly the negoeia- j
tions and treaties with the Indian
tribes for the extinguishment of
their title, with an estimate of the
number of acres purchased, aod
sums paid for the lands they acqui
red. They show, also, the state in
whiofa this interesting concern now
rests with the Cherokees, one of the
tribes within the state, and the ina
bility of the Executive to make any
i further movement with this tribe,
without the special sanction of Con
gress.
I have full confidence that my pre
decessors exerted their best endea
vors to execute this compact in ail
WASHINGTON, (georgia) SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1824.
it* parts, of whi< h, indeed, the sums
paid, and the lards a< quired during
;heir respective terms, in fulfilment
of its several stipulations, area full
proof, I have also been animated,
since I •ante into this office, wilh
the same zeal, from an anxious de
sire to meet the wislips of the state,
a (I in the hope that, by
lishment of these tribes beyond the j
Mississippi, their improvement in j
civilization, their security, and hap- i
piness, would be promoted. By
the paper bearing date on the 30ib
of January last, which was rommu
nicated to the Chiefs of the Chero
kee oafioo in this city, who came to
protest against any further appro
priations of money for holding tiea
ties with them, the obligation impo
sed on the United States, by the
compaotwith Georgia, to extinguish
the Indian title Cos ihe right of soil
within the state, and the incompat
ibility with our system, of their ex
istence as a distinct community
within any state, were pressed with
the utmost earnestness. It was
proposed to them, at the same time,
to procure and convey to (hem ter.
ritory, beyond the Mississippi, in
exchange for thaf which they bold
within the limits of Georgia, or to
pay them tor its value in money.
To this proposal, their answer,
which bears dale llth of February
following, gives an unqualified re
fusal, By this, it is manifest that, j
at the present time, and in their i
present teinpei, they can be remov- j
ed only by force, to’ which, should
it be deemed proper, the power of
the Executive is incompetent.
1 have no hesitation, however, to
declare it as my opinion, that the j
Indian title was not affected in the ■
slightest circumstance by the com- !
pad with Georgia, and that there !
is no obligatian on the U. States to I
remove the Indians by force. The
express stipulation of the compact,
that their title should be extinguish- i
ed at the expense of the U. States,
when it may be done peaceably and
on reasonable conditions, is a full
proof (hat it was the clear and dis- i
tioel understanding of both parties
to it, that the Indians had a right
to the territory, in the disposal of
which they were to be regarded as
free agents* Au attempt to remove
them by force would, in my opinion, ‘
be unjust. In the future measures ,
to be adopted in regard to the Indi
ans within our limits, and, in con
sequence, within the limits of any
slate, the United States have du
ties to perform, and a character to *
sustain, to which they ought not to
be indifferent. At an early period, ,
iheir improvements io the arts of
civilized life was made an object i
with the Government, and that has i
since been persevered in. This po- I
liey was dictated by motives ofbu- I
manity to the aborigines of the I
country, and under a firm convic
tion that the right to adopt and pur
sue if was equally applicable to all
the tribes within our limits.
My impression is equally strong 1
that it would promote essentially
the security and happiness of the
tribes within our limits, if they •
could be prevailed on to retire West
and North of our states and territo
ries, on lands to be procured for them
by the United States, in exchange
for those on which they now reside.
Surrounded as they are, ar.d press
ed as they will be, on every side,
bv the white population, it will be
diffi -uit. if not impossible, for them,
With their knd of government, to
sustain order among them. Their
interior will be exposed to frequent
disturbances, to remedy which, the
interposition of the United States
will be indispensable, and (bus their
government will gradually lose its
authority, until it is annihilated.
In this process, the moral charact
er of the tribes will also be tost,
since the change will be too rapid to
admit their improvement in civili
zation, to enable them to institute
aod sustain a government founded
on our principles, if such a change
were compatible either with the
compact with Georgia, or with our
general system, or to become mem
bers of a state, should any state be
willing to adopt them io such num
bers, regarding the gord order,
peace, and tranquillity of such state.
But all hese evils may be avoided,
if these tribes will oonsent to remove
beyond the limits of our present
states and territories. Lands equal
ly good, and perhaps mere fertile,
may be procured for them in those
quarters; the relations between the
I T , States and such Indians would
still be the same. Considerations
; of humanity and benevolence, which
| have now great weight, would ope-
I rate, in that event, with an aug
mented foroe; since we should feel
sensibly the obligation imposed on
us by the aocomm“dation which they
thereby afforded us. Placed at ease,
as the United States would tbeo be,
the improvement of those tribes in
civilization, and in all the arts and
usages of civilized life, would be
come the part of a general system,
which might be adopted on great
consideration, and in which every
portion of our uuioo would then take
an equal interest. These views
have steadily been pursued by the
Executive, and the moneys which
have been placed at its disposal,
have been so applied’ iu the mao
ner best calculated, according to its
judgment, to produce this desirable
result, as will appear by the docu
ments which accompany the report
of the Secretary of War.
I submit this subject to the con
sideration of Cot.gress, under a
high sense of its importance, and of
; the propriety of an early decision oo
it. This compact gives a claim to
the state which ought to be execu
ted, iu all its eouditions, with per
feet good fath. In doing this, how
ever, it is the duty of the U, States
to regard its strict import, and to
make no sacrifice of their interest
not called for by the compact, nor
contemplated by either of the par
ties, wheo it was entered into, nor
to commit any breach of right or of
humanity in regard to the Indians,
repugnant to the judgment, and re
volting to the feelings, of the whole
American people. I submit the
subject to your consideration, in
full confidence that you will duly
weigh the obligations of the compact
with Georgia, its import in all its
parts, aod the extent to whioh the
United States are bouod to go, un
der it. 1 submit it with equal con
fidence, that you will also weigh
the nature of the Indian title to ter*
ritory within the limits of any state,
with the stipulations in the several
treaties with this tribe, respecting
territory held by it within the stale
of Georgia, and decide whether a
ny measure* on the part of Con
gress, h called for at the present
time, and what such measure shall
be, if any is deemed expedient.
JAMES MONROE.
Washington , 30th March, 1824.
Report of the Secretary of War.
Department of War,
Marched. 1824.
Sir: In obedience to your order,
directing me to furnish a statement
of the fads and circumstances con
nected with the execution of the 4th
article of the convention between
Ihe United States and Georgia, of
(he 2d of April, 1802, in which the
former stipulates “to extinguish, at
their own expense, for the use of j
Georgia, as early as the same can j
be peaceably obtained, upon reason- I
able terms, the Indian title to the
lands lying within the limits of that
state.” I have the honor to make the
following report:
By the ooovention above referred
to, Georgia ceded to the U. States
all the lands lying south of the state >
of Tennessee, and west of the Chat- j
ahouche river, and a line drawn
from the mouth of U -bee creek di- ,
rent to the Ninojak, on the Tenoes- i
see river. In consideration of this i
cession, the United States stipula- 1
ted to pay the state of Georgia
5t,250 000, and obligated them
selves, io the manner above stated, j
to extiuguish the Indian title with- ■
in the limits of the state The con
vention also provides for the adjust
ment of the Yazoo claims, which
were afterwards provided for by the
act of Congress, approved March
31. 1814.
At the date of the convention, the
Indians owned, within the 1 units of
Georgia, 25,930,000 acres, of which ,
19.578,890 acres belonged to the
Creeks, aod 7,152,1 to acres to the
Cherokees, which tribes owned, be
sides a considerable extent of coun
try in the states of Alabama, ‘Ten
nessee, and North-Carolma. Be
tween both of those tribes and the
UnitetLSiaies there were subsisting
treaties, at the time of the date of
the convention, which, among oth
er things, fixed the limits of their
respective territories, and guaran
tied to them the lands within those
limits. (See Ist vol, U. S. Laws—,
treaty with the Creek Indians, p.
371, art. 5. Treaty with the Creeks,
ratified 7tl* August, 1790. Same,
page 327, treaty of Hoistoo, 1791,
art. 7. Same, page 332, treaty of
1798, near Tellieo, articles 1 and 2.)
In fulfilment of the stipulation of
the 4th article with Georgia, there
has been held seven treaties with
the Creeks and Cherokees; of which
five were with the former; two of
which were previous to the late
war with Great Britain, in 1812,
and three since. By the two pre
ceding the declaration of war, there
were ceded to Georgia 2.713,899 a*
ere*, and by the three latter, tl,-
735 590 acres, making together t -
748,699 acres. With tho C*. po*
kees, there have been oeld .wo
treaties, both since the late w <xr 9
by whTh Georgia has acquired 995*
310 acres, which, addmiiotba ac
quired by treaties wstii the Creek
nation, make 15,744,000 acres, (hat
have been ceded to Georgia uiun©
the date of the convention, iu fulfil*
ment of its stipulations.
In acquiring these cessions fog
the slate of Georgix, the U. S'atea
have expeoded $ 958.954 90; to
which should be add id, the valqe of
995,310 acres, which were giveq in
exchange with the Cherokees, on
the Arkansas river, for a similar
quantity ceded by the Cherokees to
Georgia, by the treaties of 1817’
and 1819, which lauds, estimated
at the minimum price of the publics
lands, would make $1,244,137 50#
If to these we. add the sum of Sl
-250,000, paid to Georgia under tho
convention, and $4*282,151 12 1-2*
paid to the Yazoo claimants, it will
be found that the United Stale#
have already paid, under <he con
vention, 5§7,735.243 52 L 2, wuioU
does not in<dudo a ty portion of tha
expense of the Creek war, by wliiel#
upwards of seven millions of acre#
were acquired to the state of Geo??
gia.
The United States have ever beeft
solicitous to fulfil, at the earliest pec
riod, th* obligation of the conten
tion, by the extinguishment f tb*
Indian titles within (he limits of
Georgia: a most satisfactory proof
of wbieh may be found in the nutnv
ber of treaties whieh have been held
for that purpose, the quantity of
lands which haveb°eu acquired, and
the price paid, Iu fact, such ha#
beeo the solicitude of the govern
ment, that but little regard ba#
been had to the price, whenever iC
has been found possible to obtain tl
cession of lands to the state. The
price given has far exceeded that
which has ever been given in other
purchases from the Indians.
I feel satisfied that it may be as
serted, with confidence, that no op
portunity of extinguishing the In
dian titles, “on reasonable terms, 1 } *
has been neglected to be embraced
by the United Slates.
It may be proper to notice, mors
particularly, the trea/v of Fort
Jackson, of 1814, witn the oek
Indians; and those of 1817 and 1810*
1 with the Cherokees, as, under thoso
| treaties, lands were ceded, not on
ly within the limits of Georgia, buc
, also io the neighboring states of Al
! abama, Tennessee, and North Car
i olioa, which require some ex
• plaoatibn.
! It tnay be proper to premise, tbat #
j previous to the late war, the four
j most powerful and numerous tribe#
1 of Indians, the Cieeks, Cherokees,
Chi<-kasaws. aod Cuoetaws, lay
contiguous to one another, and were
situated on the weakest portion of
our frontier. They contained, at
the period referred to, a population,
of between sixty ard .evenly thou
sand. and could raise at least 15,-
000 warriors, Du i late war
} with Great Britain, great anxiety
[No 17.