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About The Washington news. (Washington, Ga.) 1821-183? | View Entire Issue (April 24, 1824)
Volume Xj PUBLISHED WEF.RLT BY PM LIT C. GUIEU. WZT NEW ARRANGEMENT. A* experience has discovered to us the little at'ention paid ‘o priming debts, and the g-veat difficulty and expense in collr-ctmg such deb's; Si as a few nlv can be called liberal m paying punctually what thev nwr justly, to the printer, we have, after due consideration, come to this conclusion, that we oltoht not to give credit We are compelled, therefore, to adopt anew plan In cOnseq ince of h;* determination, oiii’ terms shall in ftrure b for die paper three dollars per annum, if paid in advance—tour Aiollars, if paid within s x months—and five “A jllars if pa and only a* the end of the year For adverts -men's, thev are to he paid in ad- Vance sheriff sales excepted which are obe paid q-a erii Th .ib >ve r i'. -i *hall be • tric'lv observed, and no ■ nr need apply who is not ready to comply with them Terms of Advert ung, 7.5 cents per square fr>r the first insertion, and 62 1-2 cents tor each continuation tfT* WE are requested to announce JOHN W. ronPER, Esq as a candidate for Jus'ice of the Inferior Court. Jtpril lo. 1824. (£7* BV hare been requested to an nonnee RI H 1RI) HUDSPETH , E'sq as n n candidate for Justice of the Inferior Court, April 10, 1824. At Auction, Hardware & Cutlery , PITF.NT PI OUGHS, &c. Comprising the whole of the subscri ber’s extensive nrd newly im ported stock of GOODS: Which consists of a great variety of TABLE Knives A. Folks; Poi-k ----et tv Penknives; Lancets, Ha zors and Scissors, Ha.id, Whip, Cross Cutt and other Saws; Files and Haps; Carpenters’ Planes, Chis ids, Lurks and [lieges, assorted; common and line Gilt Buttons; Brushes, assorted; Guns, Fish Hooks, Trace Chains, Patent Hoes, and almost all oilier goods in the Hardware line. It bei.;g his inten tion to quit the trade, the whole of bis remaining stock will be told in lots to 9Ulf purchasers, at public Auction, on the third day of May oext, at his store iu Augusta, at 9 months credit. The assortment being very exten sive, Country Merchants who may wish to lay in a supply, will find it worthy heir attention to attend. In the mean time those who call will be supplied on liberal terms at reduced prices Reuben Leggett. Mareh 3! 1824. 15—4( ) D Meigs & J. M. Hand, * Having so med a connection for the purpose of transacting a Warehouse And Commission Business , S PECTFULLY solicit the Jt \ patronage of their friends and the pubic their Ware U , situated opposit that of Messr- R. Malone & CoY upper end of Bioad street and is new. spacious and con venient and from it- situation a!* fouls great security from fire. The subscribers wi 1 also attend to reced ing and forwarding any produce or merchandise confided to their care. Daniel Meigs. Jonathan M. Hand. Augusta, December Si; Notice. A LL persons indebted to the late fn firm of Charle-. itt’ h&Co of Petersburg, E bert County either by note, open account, or otherwise, will please come forward and make im mediate pa ment to the subscriber, otherwise the same will be put in suit for collection ; and ail demands against the said firm must be rendered in pri- : or to the 15th of May next. F. G- H. Gunther, Attorney for surviv ng copartner of the *are firm of CHARLEb WimCH & Cos. The subscriber is to be (hand until further notice, at Mr Frederick Bit tack's, Newford, \* tikes County. Ga. _JMarch 26, 1824. 13^-6 t Sheriff's Titles, Neatly Printed, And for sale at kills office. The Washington News. NOTICE. Bank State of Georgia, Savannah, 6ih ip*U 1324. VEMLLbe held at the Banking ?▼ House io this city on Mon day the 3d day of May ensuing, an election tor nine Directors on the part of the Stockholders, to sefve ; f i* twelve months fr m that peri | od. The poll will be opened at ten ; A. m. and at lw<p. m and I will be conducted by ‘wo Sio, khol | ders and two freeholders oi a in ij r ---ity of them. By order of (be Board. A. Porter, cashier. 6, 1824. 16—St Administrators Sales ON Saturday the 22d of May next, will be sold agreeably to • an order of the Court of O.dinary of Elbert county, at the court hou&e of said county, O te tract of Land containing 613 4 acres, in said coun ty, adjoining Samuel Allgood and o ther*. it being the real estate of John C Taylor, deceased: to be sold for the benefit of rhe heirs and creditors of said deceased. Rebecca Taylor, adnTx. March 15, 1824. 12—tds T-Y “TILL blsold orTthe first Tues- V\ dav in May next, at the court house o Wi kescou ty, agreeably to an order o the court o Ordinary of said county, Two Negroes, a boy named Allen, and a woman named Dinah- belonging to the e$ tare o Isaac Cal away dec & to be {.old or the benefit o the heirs and creditors—Terms made known on the day of sale. Henry Pope, } | Absalom Janes, ) i Wmnifred Callaway, acini’x March B, 1 32*. 12—tds WILL be sold on .Saturday the 24*h of April next at the late residence of Tabirha Burton, deceas ed in Elbert county, all the property [ of said deceased, consisting of one gig, crop of cotton, corn and fodder, cows and ca ves, stock of hog , ba con one black mare, and sund y ar tides too tedious to mention —Terms made known on the day of sale. Leroy Burton, adm’r. March 6,1824. 11—tds OFFICIAL PAPERS. INDIAN RESERVATIONS IN GEORGIA. Message from the President of the United States , to both Houses of Congress. I transmit to Congress certain papers enumerated iu a report from the Secretary of War, relating to ‘the compact between the U. States and the State of Georgia* entered into io 1802, whereby the latter ce ded to the former a portion of the territory then within its limits, on the conditions therein specified By the 4th article of that compact, it was stipulated that the (J. States should, at their own expense, ex * lingoish, for the use of Georgia, the lodiao title to all the lands within the state, as soon as it might be done peaceably and on reasonable ; conditions. These papers snew tne ‘ measures adopted by the Executive 1 of the United States, in fulfilment of the several conditions of the com ! pact, from its date to the present I time* and particularly the negoeia- j tions and treaties with the Indian tribes for the extinguishment of their title, with an estimate of the number of acres purchased, aod sums paid for the lands they acqui red. They show, also, the state in whiofa this interesting concern now rests with the Cherokees, one of the tribes within the state, and the ina bility of the Executive to make any i further movement with this tribe, without the special sanction of Con gress. I have full confidence that my pre decessors exerted their best endea vors to execute this compact in ail WASHINGTON, (georgia) SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1824. it* parts, of whi< h, indeed, the sums paid, and the lards a< quired during ;heir respective terms, in fulfilment of its several stipulations, area full proof, I have also been animated, since I •ante into this office, wilh the same zeal, from an anxious de sire to meet the wislips of the state, a (I in the hope that, by lishment of these tribes beyond the j Mississippi, their improvement in j civilization, their security, and hap- i piness, would be promoted. By the paper bearing date on the 30ib of January last, which was rommu nicated to the Chiefs of the Chero kee oafioo in this city, who came to protest against any further appro priations of money for holding tiea ties with them, the obligation impo sed on the United States, by the compaotwith Georgia, to extinguish the Indian title Cos ihe right of soil within the state, and the incompat ibility with our system, of their ex istence as a distinct community within any state, were pressed with the utmost earnestness. It was proposed to them, at the same time, to procure and convey to (hem ter. ritory, beyond the Mississippi, in exchange for thaf which they bold within the limits of Georgia, or to pay them tor its value in money. To this proposal, their answer, which bears dale llth of February following, gives an unqualified re fusal, By this, it is manifest that, j at the present time, and in their i present teinpei, they can be remov- j ed only by force, to’ which, should it be deemed proper, the power of the Executive is incompetent. 1 have no hesitation, however, to declare it as my opinion, that the j Indian title was not affected in the ■ slightest circumstance by the com- ! pad with Georgia, and that there ! is no obligatian on the U. States to I remove the Indians by force. The express stipulation of the compact, that their title should be extinguish- i ed at the expense of the U. States, when it may be done peaceably and on reasonable conditions, is a full proof (hat it was the clear and dis- i tioel understanding of both parties to it, that the Indians had a right to the territory, in the disposal of which they were to be regarded as free agents* Au attempt to remove them by force would, in my opinion, ‘ be unjust. In the future measures , to be adopted in regard to the Indi ans within our limits, and, in con sequence, within the limits of any slate, the United States have du ties to perform, and a character to * sustain, to which they ought not to be indifferent. At an early period, , iheir improvements io the arts of civilized life was made an object i with the Government, and that has i since been persevered in. This po- I liey was dictated by motives ofbu- I manity to the aborigines of the I country, and under a firm convic tion that the right to adopt and pur sue if was equally applicable to all the tribes within our limits. My impression is equally strong 1 that it would promote essentially the security and happiness of the tribes within our limits, if they • could be prevailed on to retire West and North of our states and territo ries, on lands to be procured for them by the United States, in exchange for those on which they now reside. Surrounded as they are, ar.d press ed as they will be, on every side, bv the white population, it will be diffi -uit. if not impossible, for them, With their knd of government, to sustain order among them. Their interior will be exposed to frequent disturbances, to remedy which, the interposition of the United States will be indispensable, and (bus their government will gradually lose its authority, until it is annihilated. In this process, the moral charact er of the tribes will also be tost, since the change will be too rapid to admit their improvement in civili zation, to enable them to institute aod sustain a government founded on our principles, if such a change were compatible either with the compact with Georgia, or with our general system, or to become mem bers of a state, should any state be willing to adopt them io such num bers, regarding the gord order, peace, and tranquillity of such state. But all hese evils may be avoided, if these tribes will oonsent to remove beyond the limits of our present states and territories. Lands equal ly good, and perhaps mere fertile, may be procured for them in those quarters; the relations between the I T , States and such Indians would still be the same. Considerations ; of humanity and benevolence, which | have now great weight, would ope- I rate, in that event, with an aug mented foroe; since we should feel sensibly the obligation imposed on us by the aocomm“dation which they thereby afforded us. Placed at ease, as the United States would tbeo be, the improvement of those tribes in civilization, and in all the arts and usages of civilized life, would be come the part of a general system, which might be adopted on great consideration, and in which every portion of our uuioo would then take an equal interest. These views have steadily been pursued by the Executive, and the moneys which have been placed at its disposal, have been so applied’ iu the mao ner best calculated, according to its judgment, to produce this desirable result, as will appear by the docu ments which accompany the report of the Secretary of War. I submit this subject to the con sideration of Cot.gress, under a high sense of its importance, and of ; the propriety of an early decision oo it. This compact gives a claim to the state which ought to be execu ted, iu all its eouditions, with per feet good fath. In doing this, how ever, it is the duty of the U, States to regard its strict import, and to make no sacrifice of their interest not called for by the compact, nor contemplated by either of the par ties, wheo it was entered into, nor to commit any breach of right or of humanity in regard to the Indians, repugnant to the judgment, and re volting to the feelings, of the whole American people. I submit the subject to your consideration, in full confidence that you will duly weigh the obligations of the compact with Georgia, its import in all its parts, aod the extent to whioh the United States are bouod to go, un der it. 1 submit it with equal con fidence, that you will also weigh the nature of the Indian title to ter* ritory within the limits of any state, with the stipulations in the several treaties with this tribe, respecting territory held by it within the stale of Georgia, and decide whether a ny measure* on the part of Con gress, h called for at the present time, and what such measure shall be, if any is deemed expedient. JAMES MONROE. Washington , 30th March, 1824. Report of the Secretary of War. Department of War, Marched. 1824. Sir: In obedience to your order, directing me to furnish a statement of the fads and circumstances con nected with the execution of the 4th article of the convention between Ihe United States and Georgia, of (he 2d of April, 1802, in which the former stipulates “to extinguish, at their own expense, for the use of j Georgia, as early as the same can j be peaceably obtained, upon reason- I able terms, the Indian title to the lands lying within the limits of that state.” I have the honor to make the following report: By the ooovention above referred to, Georgia ceded to the U. States all the lands lying south of the state > of Tennessee, and west of the Chat- j ahouche river, and a line drawn from the mouth of U -bee creek di- , rent to the Ninojak, on the Tenoes- i see river. In consideration of this i cession, the United States stipula- 1 ted to pay the state of Georgia 5t,250 000, and obligated them selves, io the manner above stated, j to extiuguish the Indian title with- ■ in the limits of the state The con vention also provides for the adjust ment of the Yazoo claims, which were afterwards provided for by the act of Congress, approved March 31. 1814. At the date of the convention, the Indians owned, within the 1 units of Georgia, 25,930,000 acres, of which , 19.578,890 acres belonged to the Creeks, aod 7,152,1 to acres to the Cherokees, which tribes owned, be sides a considerable extent of coun try in the states of Alabama, ‘Ten nessee, and North-Carolma. Be tween both of those tribes and the UnitetLSiaies there were subsisting treaties, at the time of the date of the convention, which, among oth er things, fixed the limits of their respective territories, and guaran tied to them the lands within those limits. (See Ist vol, U. S. Laws—, treaty with the Creek Indians, p. 371, art. 5. Treaty with the Creeks, ratified 7tl* August, 1790. Same, page 327, treaty of Hoistoo, 1791, art. 7. Same, page 332, treaty of 1798, near Tellieo, articles 1 and 2.) In fulfilment of the stipulation of the 4th article with Georgia, there has been held seven treaties with the Creeks and Cherokees; of which five were with the former; two of which were previous to the late war with Great Britain, in 1812, and three since. By the two pre ceding the declaration of war, there were ceded to Georgia 2.713,899 a* ere*, and by the three latter, tl,- 735 590 acres, making together t - 748,699 acres. With tho C*. po* kees, there have been oeld .wo treaties, both since the late w <xr 9 by whTh Georgia has acquired 995* 310 acres, which, addmiiotba ac quired by treaties wstii the Creek nation, make 15,744,000 acres, (hat have been ceded to Georgia uiun© the date of the convention, iu fulfil* ment of its stipulations. In acquiring these cessions fog the slate of Georgix, the U. S'atea have expeoded $ 958.954 90; to which should be add id, the valqe of 995,310 acres, which were giveq in exchange with the Cherokees, on the Arkansas river, for a similar quantity ceded by the Cherokees to Georgia, by the treaties of 1817’ and 1819, which lauds, estimated at the minimum price of the publics lands, would make $1,244,137 50# If to these we. add the sum of Sl -250,000, paid to Georgia under tho convention, and $4*282,151 12 1-2* paid to the Yazoo claimants, it will be found that the United Stale# have already paid, under <he con vention, 5§7,735.243 52 L 2, wuioU does not in<dudo a ty portion of tha expense of the Creek war, by wliiel# upwards of seven millions of acre# were acquired to the state of Geo?? gia. The United States have ever beeft solicitous to fulfil, at the earliest pec riod, th* obligation of the conten tion, by the extinguishment f tb* Indian titles within (he limits of Georgia: a most satisfactory proof of wbieh may be found in the nutnv ber of treaties whieh have been held for that purpose, the quantity of lands which haveb°eu acquired, and the price paid, Iu fact, such ha# beeo the solicitude of the govern ment, that but little regard ba# been had to the price, whenever iC has been found possible to obtain tl cession of lands to the state. The price given has far exceeded that which has ever been given in other purchases from the Indians. I feel satisfied that it may be as serted, with confidence, that no op portunity of extinguishing the In dian titles, “on reasonable terms, 1 } * has been neglected to be embraced by the United Slates. It may be proper to notice, mors particularly, the trea/v of Fort Jackson, of 1814, witn the oek Indians; and those of 1817 and 1810* 1 with the Cherokees, as, under thoso | treaties, lands were ceded, not on ly within the limits of Georgia, buc , also io the neighboring states of Al ! abama, Tennessee, and North Car i olioa, which require some ex • plaoatibn. ! It tnay be proper to premise, tbat # j previous to the late war, the four j most powerful and numerous tribe# 1 of Indians, the Cieeks, Cherokees, Chi<-kasaws. aod Cuoetaws, lay contiguous to one another, and were situated on the weakest portion of our frontier. They contained, at the period referred to, a population, of between sixty ard .evenly thou sand. and could raise at least 15,- 000 warriors, Du i late war } with Great Britain, great anxiety [No 17.
