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About The Washington news. (Washington, Ga.) 1821-183? | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1824)
Volume X] WEEKLY", 15Y PHILIP C. GC7IEU. ITT NEW ARRYNGEMENT. A c experience has discovered to us the little attention paid to p inting debts, xncl the threat tli ft'* r * l l l y and expense n entire* ih£ such cl b’s, St as v few only can be called liberal in paying punctually uhi’ they owe justly, o the primer, v.e have, after due contideration, come to this conclusion, that we ought not to give credit We are compelled, berefore, to adp anew plun. In to'i'i ju ice of h,* determination, our terms'-h: . f ’ :*ure b y fl, >< he paper three do lirs pci • n. . , 1 in advance—lour V d'dlarg, >.f paid wi’ii n h x moi.ihi —aid five / loh ir* if pa>d only a tlie end of h - year For a Sv r ■ men!*, Miev are to be pa and in ad vance sheriff aales exr.ep'ed which are io be paid quar’erlv Th above rule> shall be stric iv observed, w t no ne need apply who is not ready to comply wi ! h tiiem Tern-of Ad\ ,rising. /Scents per square so <e first ‘nserti >r>, and 62 i-2 cents tor each continuation flff* IVE are requested to announce JOfLY W. COOPER, Frq as a candidate for Justice of the Inferior Court. Jlpril 10, 182 k ((fV* H> hare been equated to an nounce lIUHtRO HUDSPETH, Esq as a a candidate for Justice of the Inferior Court . April 10, 1824. [F ‘otn the Georgia Journal J INDIAN AFFAIRS. Department of hii ) 17ih FVlhmi ry. 18*4 5 Sin—l a u directed by the Presi dent of ilie IJ died Slate* to enclose for y *ur information* copies of a com ou teati<hi from tlio Cjerokee delegation now a? tin* piace, the an swer of ihis Department lo their c( , miuoi*'aiion. and llieir reply* by which you will perceive that ihe nation is vory adverse to uiiki g a ny additional cessions of lauds io tlie Uni ed ’hates, I avail myself of the oppori unify to assure you* that it will affo.d the President mu h pleasure to a and pt any measure in hi* power, whi<’h may fe <d to tho fu fihueni of (lie eonvedton with the Hiaie of Georgia, wi(h the leas’ possible de lay. With this view tie would he gratified to receive the aid of your opinion on a suhje* t so i Merestiug to the slat# 1 over which you preside. I have the honor to be, your moil obedient servant, J. C. CALHOUN. His Ex. George !Vf. f*, us, MiTedgcville, Geo. Tim ‘ in’s Hotei, “) Ci'y of Washington, Jan 1 9th 1824 y To hi;- Exc llency Alunr .e, President t lie United Sta'es of America. Father —'The delegation of the J Cher Mation, have taken their j brother the Secretary of War by Hie ! band, and have had * lie honor and sa (“faction of being introduced bv him you; and wo hire ■* Ai,.ed your rigli* hand, as tue giea Fith crofail tho red. as well a* wnite child eu, within the ii tins of these United S aes. to u.v lake ceu sion lo ooio;u.,i •, e apart of ihe bu siness on which we a e miru*ed, be.iievi.ig the subject* eiii-T'aned, re quire your mutt Jid.o atteuHoo, therefore have thought pr >per t • present tlieui directly before you— A oommiiuieaiio'i comprising the - ther objects of our mission* is made through the Department of War. Father —The ignorant and wret ched condition of your red ctnldreu, makes them in some degree inferior so (heir while brethre t, hut as a parent, you have oo‘despised them on account of their unfortunate si u atioo; but you have sympathized in their misfortunes, n .and have endeav ored to relieve them in some degree of iheir uuhappy couditiou Your magnanimous and benevolent exer tions have uot been in vuio. as res. peels the Cherokees —Education, agriculture, and the media tie arts, have been introduced among them, and are now progress! >g as rapidly as can reasonably be expected. * ihe libera! encouragement given by the ®Ati o for general improvement cau not fail t > accomplish their com plete civilization—True, there are many wuu have been ra sed under the native hamts ut their ancestors, who cannot be expected to abandon wholy he favorite customs which have beets imbibed intheiryoufhjUie partiality a id prejudices in fa* p of their fathers, are naturally strong; The Washington News. I but u ider the present aspect of im i proveineot, they will not fail to en | courage their children to adopt the prevails g h bi(s of industry a id ei i vilizaiio ‘herefore as Hie old stub hies disappear, the iew spurn; s will flourish u ider eultiv 4*ion. Fuihe —\:s die prosperity ad , future happiness of die Cueroktc people, res.s on ihe magnanimity and fostering care of the g.ver . incnt over vviiich you preside, it it the o ily source wuere we can {ire sent our grievances for ju ti e ami redress— berefore we .vill speak with candor and truth. The Cner okee nation labor u der a peculiar inconvenience, from the repeated I appropriations which arc made for ! the purpose of hoidi g treaties v\Mh them f-r la ads; this circums an ce lias been pro lu.Mtve of mueu evil to i the improvement of the oation j in die arts of civilized life, as it j cannot he denied dial it has retard ed its pr gross, by unsettling the prospects of individuals. Tlie Cherokee nation have now come In a derisive and unalterable conclusion, uot to cede away any m*re lands, Tue limits reserved by them under tue treaty of 18111, is not in <re than i>utri-bent for their comfort and convenience, inking in to consideration ilieg eal body of liioiiotai.i* and poor landi which cau never be settled. It is a gratifying trudi mat the Cherokees are rapid ly increasing in population; there fore it is an in um ic.u doty on die na<ioti, *o preserve unimpaired tile righ sos poateiiiy to ihe lands of their ancestors. We have told you of the derisive and unalterable dis posi'ion .f the uatioo in regard lo Iheir lands. Fuller —Ve would now beg your i iteeposuioo with Congress, to be half if your red children, the Cher okees. so that proved.m may b made by law, io audianse an ad justmeni n-eiween the U. btate and the siale of Georgia, so dial the former may he released from the existing impact, so la a. respects the extiaguidim *n of Cherok -e ti tie to land* width* the chartered li mits oi Georgia. Father— We now approaeli a sub ject which we a e constrained to communicate under the authority of our iasiructions. If is with deep re gret we have to staie that the na tion have not that full confidence io the impartial disposition of the pre sent Agent, lo administer jusih-e between the red man and while man, as is necessary for a public, ofli er to maintain. This want of confi dence have arisen from peculiarly imp *jingei*euui9Un<ies, which can not he reconciled as having inadver tently transpired. Therefore, un der these painful circumstances, the authorities of the nation have been **o trained to tell the truth of their sediments to their Father the Pre sident. And desiring a permaie.it a cl ver!asiicg friendship and pro te (ion from the exalted govern ment* under whi h we have been preserved and fostered; and the of fi ic ot Indian Agent, being the ora cle through which the g overnment receives its official information el aiivc to die eofidu t a .and disposition of the red people, tiow important it is to have au impartial \gent, un biassed from selfish or inimical mo tives, to represent them ? There fore. wo earnestly soli-it and entreat you, as a grateful and sympathiz iog bather* to look on your red children, the Cherokees—ee their situft ioo—picy (hem, aid give them anew Agent, whom they may re joice io holding fast by the hand as a brother; in so doing, your red children, wiio have appealed to your magnanimity, us iu duly bound, will ever pray. Father— Permit us to add, and cad your attention to a trealy which was cmered into between the Cher okee nation aid Daniel Smith and Return J, Vleigs, commisdoaers duly autbu ised by the then P esi dcoi ( ?Ir Jefferson,) of the U iiied fcia cs. on ihe 2i h O t. 18bi. for a tract ot laud iu me state of Geor gia* known by the name of \Vaffrd ? s Settlement; lor which cession the . nation was to receive one thousand j dollars annually; for reasons not WASHINGTON, (Georgia) SATURDAY, MAY l, 1824. insr.y k. own o u*. (tii trc'ifv was not \ fi ‘d. (nit the I ! niffd States Uep possession at flip land; there by and prived the nation *<*neiv ing he equivalent for wh h if was hi* A* this w*n! dnh an* h ried ad fm'!v enteced iito a "‘l *b** T ‘life'’ re.-eived (he Irtiid which ‘he hod treated ft, wc conceive it hut just that the Cipro kees sliouM ~o*pjve the cqniv. aYnf lor v fi * h tt>,*v s*dd # !ie land; f herefoi e we h'ne imp firesofit fa ther, the President . n d the Senate ot toe I.uated States, will reconsid er the subject, and ratify (.he afore- f r * a?’. *tftv the blessings of a kind Provideriec reef upon you and h!I who dwell under you p &a nd istrntion, t?j f sincere prayer of your Cherokee children, jorr.v VOSS, CEO Louver. -Jo ninat, ELIJdR OV KS. A true oopy—Jan. 28, IB2i. fCOPY.) Department of War , 1 January 3iHh,Ts2i. f Gentlemen— nr President has received your letter of the 19*h inst. and at ter giving toil tnat mature consideration which the importance of tlie subject, to which it refers, demands, he lias directed me to communicate to you the following answer. By the compact with Georgia, the U. States are hound lo extinguish lor the use of the stale, the Indian title to lands within the state, so soon as It ran he done peaceably, and on reasonable conditions, and the Legislature and Executive of Geor gia, now press the fulfilment of that stipulation, with the utmost possible earnestness. This government is anxious to fulfil the agreement, pro vided it. can he done, on conditions which accord with the import of the compact, ard which will also he satisfactory to (he Imliana. With a view to this object, we wish to have a ftv.e communication with you the Chiefs of the Cherokees, and to ap peal to ihe good sense, and the in terest of the nation as painted out hv their own experience and by that ot their ancestors for two centuries ha* k. You must be sensible that it will be imp< ssible for you to remain, for any length of time, in your present situation, as a distinct society, nr nation within the limits of Georgia, or of any other state.—Such a com munity is incompatible with our system, and must vield <o it. This truth is too striking and obvious, not to he seen by ail of you. Mur rounded es you are by the people of the several states, you must eith er cease tobe a distinct community, and become at no distant period, a part of Ihe state within whose lim its you are, or remove beyond the limits of any state. For the Unit ed States to fulfil the compact with Georgia, the tide which you hold to lands, as a distinct community, aiust be extinguished, and the state, objects to the extinguishment of k, by vesting in you, or any of you, in lieu (hereof, the right of individ ual ownership. If any of you ac quire that right to land, and re main (here, after (he hood, wMch holds you together, as a distinct community, is dissolved, and your present title is extinguished, it must be by purchasing the property and acquiring the title from the slate, within which it lies. Il remains for the Cherokee na tion to decide for iiself* whether it will contribute most to their own welfare and happiness, for them to retain their present title to their lands, and remain where they *re exposed to the discontent of Geor gia and the pressure of her ciuzess, or to rede it to the United Sta’es for Georgia, at a fair price to be paid, either in other lands beyond the Mississippi, or io money to be vested inlands, to be purchased f r them, as individuals, within that or any other s.ate Should the na tion decide to relinquish its present title, and to ado;J cither of the al ternatives suggested, this govern ment ?s disposed so act generously with tbirtn. If they prelor to move ia a body westward of the Mississip pi, measures will he taken to ac quire lands for them there, in suf ficient amount, and in the quarter most agreeable to them. Facilities will also he afforded Tor their remo val. Should they prefer to receive Hie value of their title, in money, with a view (o purchase lands, in any ,f the states, and become citi zens thereof, in that ease a lair price will be given, and proper aid afforded them, for the accomplish- j merit of their object. Should the nation divide, and a portion of it pass the Mississippi, and (he resi due remain on this side, measures Will be taken to give effect to their wishes, by the compact lobs enter ed into, in both respects. 1 have the honor &. &e. (Signed) J. C. CALHOUN. Messrs. John JT.ss, Geo Ijuwaky, ! . , , Major Ridge, >Cherokee delegation Elijah Hicks. J (COPY.) City of Washingto... Feb. 11, 1524. Hon. Jobm C Calhoun, Secreiarv at War, Sir—We have received your let ter of (he 30th ulf. containing the answer, which the President direct ed you to communicate lo us, in re- j ply to a particular subject embraced j in Hie letter which we had the ho- i nor oflaying before him on the 19th ult. In this answer we discover new propositions for the extinguish ment o Cherokee title to la ids, for the benefit of Georgia. We beg j leave to say to the P'csident, thro* J you, the Cherokee nation are sen- | sible, that the United Slates arc ] hound by its compact with Georgia, I to extinguish for (ho use of that state, the Indiau title to lauds with in the limits claimed by the slate, i as soon as it can be done peaceably 1 and on reasonable conditions; ana j are a! so sensible that this compact, j is no more than a eondhional one, ! and without the free and voluntary consent of the Cherokee nation, can 1 never be complied with on the part of the Ui'ited Slates; aud having been duly authorised, to make known to the government of the U. States, the true sentiments and dis position of the nation on this sub ject, the President has been infor med, that “ the Cherokees have come to a desire and unalterable conclusion never to cede away any more lands 99 And as the extin guishment of Cherokee title to lauds, can never he obtained, on conditions, which will accord with the import of the compact he: ween the United Slates and Georgia, it is desirable that the government should adopt fcumc other means to satisfy Geor gia, than to remata any longer uu der anticipation of beiog enabled to accomplish the object of purchasing the Cherokee title The U. States now possess an extensive territory iu the Floridas; why not extend the litffits to Georgia in that section of country, if her present bounds he considered too small ? The Chero kee nation have never promised to surrender at any future period, to the Catted States for Georgia, their title to la ids, but the contrary, the United States have by treaties, so lemnly guaranteed to secure to the ChiVokeea Urever, their title to lands which have been reserved bv them Therefore the state of Geor gia can have no reasonable plea a gaiust the Cherokees, for refusing to yield their Ihtle all to the United States, s*> that her own aggrandise ment may he raked upon their ru ins. Youexnrtss a wish to have a free comuiu • ation with us on the subject, and to appeal lo the go and sense, and to the interest of the .atioo, as p anted out by their own experieo e, and by that of their amiestoi * for two centuries hack. In a cordat.ee with your wish, we will sp'*a': rankly, and wi’ball the good I sense w.e may possess, and keeping strictly i* view the interest of our I naunn* looking back to circnmstaa- i res whi h have transpired, and en deavor t. “- ace the <*auses whi* h produt ed h*m, and also to observe the present state of thing*, and look forward io such objects, as may be praciii-ally attainable, for the best inierest of the Cherokee people. By iraci g the situation of up ancestors for two hi. ,t t J years bank, we see aatiiiug desira- ble, iKi* inii.li ti de til ore.— sue happi >css wuich rie Indians once e joyed, by a quiet-arid undisturb* ed ease, in iheir p hnitive situati >n, heT re the fire of diet white inn was seen or, (his e< was now poisoned by (he !><i l i\ uits of Hie -m ----vilized Tree, wh'ch was plant; and a ro ind Hiem;Tutnuituoimvacg nr .*, & the mountains \ Hie plains w ’ra covered with carnage, and (he Uly sian rallies drenched with blood Y many noble tribes, whose unfortu’ nate doom ii whs to have been over shadowed, withered, and are no more. Suob are (lie scenes brought to our view, by looking back to ihe situations of our ancestors, at tha period to whi h you have called our attention. Let us now for amomem, seriously reflect on too true causes, which have universally produced ihe exliuclioo of Indian tribes, when they beoa&ne emerged into the white population; and we doubt aot, that it will he admitted at once, that by ambition, pride, and avariciousness of the civilized man, (he untutored sons of nature became a prey; de frauded out of iheir lauds—treated a* interior beings, on aeooum of their poverty and ignorance, they became associated with the I >west grade of society, ‘rom whom Hi® habits of intemperance, debauche ry, and ali the vices of degradation peculiar to that class, were by them soon imbibed—Their lands having been swept from under their feet by the ingenuity of whiteman, ami be ing left destitute of a home, ignor ant of the arts and sciences, and possessing no experience in the em ployment of a laborious aul indus trious life, to obtain a living, they became straggling wanderers a morgst strangers, and by oppres sions their spirits were depressed, and considering themselves degrad ed, they were induced to hurry a wav their troublesome existence* by inhaling the noxious vapours of intemperance, a fatal remedy to set tle their doom of extinction. Sueh have been the oireuinsrances ao( j causes, which have swept into obli vion, the names of many tribes of Indians that once possessed aud in habited the soil of (he U. Sta ei; and such must he (he fate THns© tribes nowin existence, should they* be merged into the while population* before (hey become eomplrelv civ* ilized, and ahull have learned the arts and sciences; and such would be the fate of a large portion f the Cherokee nation, were they to eedo away all their lands, and now be come incorporated with ih whites. —You say that we must he sensible* that it wiil be impossible for us to remain, for any length of time, in our present situation, as ads i toG society or n&doo, within the hmita of Georgia, or of any other statej and that such a community is in compatible with your system, and must yield to it, and that we must either cease to be a distinct commu nity, and become at no distant pe riod a part of the state within whoso limits we are, or remove without the limits* of any state. And that ** it remains tor the Cherokee ia tion to decide for itself, whether it will contribute most to their own welfare and happiness, for them to retain their present title ‘O their lands, aud remain where they a r e* exposed to the diseouteut of Geor gia, and the pressure of her citi zen*, or to cede it to the U. States for Georgia, at a fair prioe, to ba paid either in ether lands beyond the Mississippi, or in money/* Sir, to these remarks we beg ieave to ob serve. and io remind you, that th© Cherokees are not foreigners, hut origioal inhabitants of America, aodtha? ?hey now inhabit and stand on the soil of their own territory, and that ihe limits of their territory are defined by the treaiies whieU they have made wi ll the govern ment o* the United States, aud that ihe sta*e* hy whi* Ii they are now surrounded* have keen ere ted out of lauiL wtiieh was on e me.. and tli ii H.iev cannot re* ognize the sove *e g/ity of any safes vv h a the Ii- Dish of taeir territory. C tufid g in (tie good faith of the United .>*.a e to respeui iheir trea ty a'.tpuU ions, with ihe Cherokee oat’ois, w< Ii avc o hesiian uin ray ing, thaw tue true interest, prespe- [No. 13.
