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PUBLISHED
EVERY THURSDAY MORNING,
BV JAMES VAN NESS,
in the “Granite Building,” on the corner of
Oglethorpe and Randolph Streets.
TERMS:
Subscription—three dollars per annum, payable in
advance, three doila. sand a half at the end of six
months, or four dollars, (in all cases) where pay
ment is not male before tne expiration of the year.
No subscription received for less than twelve months
without payment in advance, and no paper discon- I
tinued, except at the option of the Editor, until all j
arrearages are paid.
ADVERTisrMENTsconspicumisly inserted at <w.e Hnl- \
iar per one noudred words, or less, for the first In ■
aertion and fifty cents for every subsequent contin
uance. Those sent without a specification nfthe
number ofinsertions. will be published until ordered
out and charged accordingly.
Yearly Advertisements. —For over 24 anr
not exoee ling 3 > lines, fifty dollars per annum ; fo
over 12 and n it exceeding 24 lines, thirty-five dol
lars per annum ; lor less than 12 lines, twenty dol
lars per annum.
2. All rule an I figure work double the above prices.
Legal Advertisements published at the usua
rates, anJ with strict attention to the i
the law.
All3w.es regulate! by law, must be made 1 ‘ore
the court house door, between the hours of 10 in the
morning and four in the evening—those of Grid m
the county where it is situate ; those of persona,
property, where the letters testamentary, of admin
istrarion or of guardianqip were oV ained —ami are
requited to be previously advertised in some public
gazette, as follows:
S.ieriefs’ Sale's unler regular executions for thir
ty days ; under mortgage fi fas sixty days, before
the day of sale.
Sales of laud and negroes, by Executor', Adminis
trators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day
of sale.
Sales of personal property (except Negroes) forty
days.
Ct r a rio.vr liv Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon
applic itton for letters ola Iminist ration, must be pub
lished foi thirty days.
Citations upon apolic&tioa for dismission, by Exec
utors, A i utiiistrators or Guardians, monthly for s'.x
in inths.
Orders of Jourts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a
copy of th bind or agreement) to make titles to
laud, must be published three months.
Notices liv Executors, Administrators or Guardians,
of a iplica'ion to the Court of Ordinary for leave to
sell th 3 1 in I or negroes of an estate, f >ur months.
Notices bv Executors or Administrators, to the
debtors an I creditors of an estate, fur six weeks.
Sheriffs’, Clerks of Court &c. will be allowed the ‘•
usual deduction.
ILr” Bettors on business, must be post paid, to 1
entitle them to attention.
T \V O P L A N T A T IONS
FOR SALE.
f IK subscribe.* offers for sale on very liberal
te-ms, two excellent settlements of land, Ivins
iu the county of Stewart, both of which contain first
t ate i(ii|irovenicnts.
One |ila:ita'ion con - ains nine hundred and forty acres
of land, 500 of it o >eii land, of a sojieri-ir quality, en
closed with good fences, and in an excellent state of
cultivation. On tli- premises, ate a go’id log dwelling
house, negro cabins, a blai ksrniih shop, a good gin
with screw and running g’ a>, and a large peach and
apple orchard. This place is on the road leading from
Florence to Marion county, and is 10 miles from
Florence, 8 from Lumpkin, and 6 from a landin’ on
the Chattahoochee Ilivcr.
The other place contains 700 acres of land 300 of
which are cleared, and in excellent order for planting.
Tile uncleared portion is well timbered with oak and
hekorv. On this plan'iifiiti are a good dwelling
house, no ;ro cabins, and gin complete. It is on the
road leading from Florence to Muri n n county, 12
mil s from Florence mid 7 from Lumpkin. A more
ini.rite descript'on of these plantations is deemed un
iices<arv, as anv one desirous of purchasing, will of
cn irso, examine them. They are. however, desirable
places, and will bo sold on very liberal terms. Both
pi mi a'ions are occupied, and will be shown at any
tune, to anv one who wishes to examine either, or
lull) of them. LEWIS DUPREE.
June 17 19 f
\V A 11 M S I’RINGS,
Vlenwether County, (jia.
T IE subscriber leaving purchased this well
known establishment, x.ili open his house c.ariy
In tune, for the recep.inn of visitors. lie decl lie giv
iug iniov details of fair promises, of what he intends to
il i for those wini may call upon him. but simply adds—
call! and if you are no pleased, it shad l>e r.o lauit o
his.
I’o those who are mi pursuit of PLEASURE, call i
ills 11 I Room will lie ligo'od op every evening, and
go > I music.ans will at all times lie in attendance.
I’othi.e who are in pursui’ of HEALTH, call
likewise ; goo i room? and cabins s'all he in ab.ill
<l nice, :iii I he mva'iil ran be as retired as necessary.
1 and -em it entirely uauee.e>sary to -av ally thing ir. re
l ttiu:i to the Hath suilice it to say. here is none equal
n uni the United States I shall not.emit icrate my |
charges here, but ‘ ill be as reasonable as possible, at I
the same time they will se sufficient I v high to ensure
a,ri ■ I table tint! good attentioo. In short every at
tention that is necessary, and ‘Very comfort that can
b- rou lereJ to bis visitors shall be his roust id en
deavor.’ ; gKYM/m.K R. fiONNER.
I*. S. [ ir.tnvl m lji? off a lew lots and dispose of
the n to siie.li as will im.uove them in twelve iiionilis.
‘i'ii those who,mav wu-h to purchase, call on me or my
agent, Mr. Joiiat an Niles ; one or the other will at
all ti nes be at the Springs to p nut oft the lots and
SR B
prices. , “•
1 April £2 >’ *A
I'lie M icon M-ssenger, Southern Record-r Stan
dard of Union, and Alabama Journal, will pul* ish this
weekly mini the Ist of \ugust, and forward their ac
counts t-i me at Columbus. Georgia. S. R. B.
NOTICE.
TI <: PHn'ers’ Bank of the State of Georgia, liar.
iriij mi iieJia fly afler the robbery of its vault,
adopted means n take up from .’1 honest holders the
notes signed by J. Marshall, Cashier, and George W |
Adler son. President, hereby gives notice that almost j
the entire am unit o ill U issue, now unredeemed, con
sists of the notes stolen from the Bank. The public is |
warned against receiving attv note signed hv J. Mar- j
shall, G .shier, and Geo. W. Anderson. President, as
payment will he refused, unless the most satisfactory ]
explanation of the niannei if its being received, as
well as the person from whom rece veil.
Anew issue has been ma If. signed by H. W. Mcr
cer. Cashier, and George W. Anderson, President,
which will be redeemed as heretofore.
H. \V. MERCER, Cashier.
Savannah, Ju y 8 -- _
THE CELEBRATED HORSE,
ROBIN HOOD,
WII.I, stand the ensuing season, one half of his j
time a’ mv stable, nineteen miles above Colum
bus, in Russell county, Ala., ami the other part of his
tune at L.afavelte, Chainh • s county. Ala., and ill be
let to m ires at the reduted price ol Filly Dollars, due
‘'o h of December next. lMarcs sent over thirty
, ~ al |es will he fed tvo mouths grans. Persons laibn
to uet a colt in the Spring, will tie allowed the 1 at
season gratis, if the mares are. sent to mv stable. A.i
care will be taken to prevent accidents and escapes
but no liabilities for either.
A- to Robin’s performances on the turf, a reference ,
to'he Stud Book or the Spirit of the Times, will give
entire satislaction. It is also due him tosav. that his
colt,s > far as trials have been made, have been sur
passed bv ti me in the United Stales.
v ‘IM.a >eaLNon wII commence first o Maeh, an
end the first of July. J^NO.*CRO YELL.
Jan. 27,1341. 4ts
c 6 TTO N B AGGI NG .
Direct Importations.
virtlLK subscribers have just completed their sea
’ j Sl> „’ s import of Cotton Sagging, consisting of
D m Ice 41 inch, weighing -4 lbs. periard.
•* 41 - - “ 8 “ „
“ 41 “ “ la
“ 44 “ “ IJ “
n 45 “ “ I* “ *’
“ 42 “ h “
Inverness 4 5 “ “ **
Double E. I. Gunny 44 “ “ 2
“ “ 43 I ■* .
S, "=' e A i sr , t Scotch Twine, superior 3 strand.
Bale’Ro.e. India and English.
Which are oif -red to the planters and merchants of
Geargia. at such prices an 1 on such eredus. for ettv
acceptance. as will render a home purchase more ad
vanu-eotis than one in a uor.h-rn market. nd enable
supplies to be sent immediately mto the interior, du
ring the existence of go. I >iver navigation, aim at the
prevailmg very low
Savannah, May 13
’ liberal advances
Wf ADF. on goods consigned to SMl'I 11. BEAT
TIE & Cos. Auction and Commission Mer
chairs, Columbus, Georgia.
Novcmoer 13
The Commercial Advertiser, Apalachicola. Hor
da, will insert the preceding, three months, am.
ansinit the account as above.
BROUGHT to jail
0\ the 17th inst. a negro man who ca ls himse.f
Anlrew. and says he belongs to Nathaniel De
auney of Russell coun'y. Alabama. The owner is
destred to come forward, comply with the law, pay ex
penses and takehim^a wav. BRmV N, Jailor.
May 21 15 >f _
removal
TTfcR. JNO. J. B. HOXEV, has removed h.s of-
D fa. “'T.eo, wTi.d.fS!i
;Slvl”..eC].Tb B.nta’ Cr.gSl.. i7tf
Jan. r:.
THE COLUMBUS TIMES.
VOLUME I.]
INSURANCE AGENCY.
i A N agency of the United States insurance Coni
-A*. pany of the City of New York, with a Capital
| of One Million Dollars having been proposed to be es
tablished ill tins City—-for Fire, In,and or Maiine In
surance, upon liberal conditions, the undersigned to
j whom the propo a! has ben made invites the nier
! chants, citizens and traders in the vicinity to an ex
aimn ition of the plans of business and to the conditions
| upon which its estabii hnient will depend, llieii rates
> of premium will be as low as those charged bv other
I goo ! Companies, ami all fair and just claims for losses
! will be promptly adjused and paid in thirty days after
proof, without litigation, by drafts on the Company in
| New Yoik.
| The Directors and Offi -ers will he composed of the
1 most wealthy, respectable and intelligent men in the
; City arid Stale of New York, and their, business in
i every department will be conducted with prudence
and caution.
Believing that such an Agency mav prove highly
! advant.t i ■to our Merchants and Citizens, and
! save much trouble in sending to our large citieslor In
?urance when it may be equally well done thsough
J such an Agencv, the subsc iber will be happy to pro
mote their interest as well as that rtf the Company, tn
’ its permanent establishment, shou'd our citizens re
; commend it, and the conditions meet widi their ap
proval.
A few Shares of the Stock may he obtained bv
those who are dtsitous of securing an interest and
have the means to make a small invest > ent, which it
is believed will prove both safe, and profitable. No
pa* m ms will be. requir and until ten days notice has
| been received from the Directors.
JuiiN E. DAVIS, Agent.
September 16 32 ts
PUBLIC SALE
subscriber has laid , ff a number of lots im
_ii_ mediately adjoining the beautiful and healthy
town of I'uskegee, Macon county, Ala. and will offet
them for sale, on the first Tuesday in October next. —
These lots will be highly desirable for gentlemen own
ing plantations in the ri-h time lands of Macon coun
ty. for their residdnees, where they can combine goud
society with lie education of their children. The
j town is now, notw.thstaiiding the difficulties of our
I monied affairs, coninuaily improving and increasing
|in population,'and good schools will always be found
among sush people.
The terms will he one-fourth cash ; one half of the
balance payable at Christmas, and the other half the
Christmas afte - . The titles to tlie lots will be re
tained till all the purchase money is paid, or persons
can get titles at once, bv giving good security, or pay
ing sip the whole purchase money ; 10 per cent per
annum deducted for pioufpt payment.
The plan of the lots mav he seen by applying to
Mr. George S one, at Tuskegec.
BEABOIIN J >NES.
September 16 32 td
SHOES AND MATS.
OF various quality anti sizes, for sale hv
JOHN D. r*DWELL,
Cot nor of Crawford and Broad sis.
| September IS 32 if
casmngsT
PITS, Ovens, Spiders oktllets, Fire-Irons, and
other articles m this line, for sale hv
JOHN D. HOWELL,
Corner of Broad and Crawford sts.
September 16 32 if
WHISKEY, RUM, GIN, &r.
ALWAYS oh hand, and for .sale by
JO N D. HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and B.oud-sts.
September 10 32 if
COT JON AND WOOL CARDS.
FOK sale by JOHN D. HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broad sts.
September 16 32 tt
RAW HIDES WANTED.
ANY quantity will be onrehased at fair ptices,
by JOHN D. HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broad-st.
September 16 32 ts
GLASS AND PUTTY.
fT'ICIST qua ny Window Glass and Putty, for sale
1 by JOHN L). HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broad sts.
September 16 32 if
SALT, IRON, etc.
A constant supply ol sail and assorted Iron, always
on ban J. JOHN D. HOWr.LL,
Corner of Crawford arid Broad-sts.
September 16 32 ts
WOODEN WARES.
A LARGE uhd well assorted lot of Tubs, Buck
ets, Sugar Boxes, Sic. For sale bv
JOHN D HOWELL,
Corner of Broad and Ctavvfr id-sts.
September 16 32 ts
THE COLUMBUS REFORM ASSOCI
ATION.
PTFTMIE monthly meeting w ill he held in the Baptist
-0L Church on the evening of Friday, the 24th inst.
Several addresses jtav be expected.
L. T. DOWNING.
September 13 32 2t
L >ND FOR SALE.
fSAHE subscriber offers for sale, the following
J*. tracts of land on terms to suit purchasers, to
wn : the settlement where he now lives, in Russell
county, Alabama, 19 miles above Columbus, on the
road to LaFavette, containing
Twelve Hundred Acres,
four hundred cleared and in a high slate of cultivation,
with a good dwe long house, store house, gin house
and screw, negro houses, cribs, stables and lots, &c.
Also 200 acres land, one hundred cleared and in
good farming order, 14 miles above Columbus, on the
same road ; also in the same neighborhood, one halt
section of land, with fair improvements, 120 acres
cleared and inferior to none in the country, as regards
quaiitv ; also one section of land in the lower part of
Chambers county, on the B g Halawakee Creek. 200
acres bottom land, SO or 40 acres cleared, and inferior
tonone in tiie .''late. Purchasers would do well to
eall and see. Terms will be one, two and three in
stalments. ZACHAR!AII WIUTE.
Wa-oochee Valley, June 24 20 2t
SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS REWARD
f subscriber, residing in Columbus, Georgia
a lost about a month since, a valuable negro man
for the appri hension of whom in any secure jail so
that he can get him, he will give twenty-fife doibus .
and if the said negro man has been decoyed away by
any white person, or been furnished with tree papers.
i (neither of winch is improbable) lie w and give, in addi
tion. fifty dollars, if sufficient evidence of that fact, be
communicated to him to ensure the c- nviciton of the
guilty person.
But.l negro is about 2S rears of age. of snail stature,
and named Khje. He is believed 10 have never shav
ed. and his appearance, in consequence, is somewhat
singular, the hair being long on lis upp r lip. V\ hen
spoken to. he almost invariably puis his finger to the
side .f his head, and scratches his hair, and h s speech ■
is accompanied by a slight hesitancy. He has t>' j
marks ol a gun shot, just above the knee, in the right I
thigh, it is thought; the bone was fraeiutid, and the j
wound t sttil visible. The negro, when lie said any ]
thing about ruining away, which he occasional-!
Iv did. mentioned Tennessee as the direction of his j
flight. SAMUEL BOY KIN.
Columbus, Ga. June 10 18 H
TIIE UNDERSIGNED
Maying i. cen appointed Trustees of the assets
of the Chattahoochee Rail Raid and Banking |
Company of GOl gui. they wiii a’tend at the office of 1
ihe said Insti'umu every day (-S inlay’s excepted,)
from 11 to l o’clock, for the transaction nfanv business
connected w ith the same. JNO§ B 1 HU .YE,
July 22 24 4t IVM. P. YONUE.
M ILLS AND L A N D ,
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber offers t.r sale, on very accom
modating terms, the settlement of land on which
h-“ resides, situ tied in the north-eistern part of Mus
cogee county, on the Upatoie Creek, 17 miles from
Columbus and 14 from Taibotton. The tract em
braces
One thousand and twelve acres,
seven hundred acres of which are first rate Oak and
Hickorv Land, and the remainder good pine land.—
Two hund r ed acres are clear and, well fenced, and in a
jood state of cultiva ion. On the premises are two
oikvJ frame dwelling houses, of small dimensions, and
a eood iog house, besides negro cabins and a'l nece
sarv out-buildings.
There is also on the place an excellent Saw and
Grist Mill.ju>l completed and in perfect order. The
Mill is four stories high, ami is on the 1 patoie Creek,
a stream which rarely fails to atfoid sulficient water
to keep the Mill in operation.
The engagements of the subscriber a’one induce
him to offer the place for sale. It is situated man
excellent neighborhood, near to a Church, School
house and Post Office. The place will be sold low,
and the terms cannot fail o satisfy anv one d-strons
ofpurchtsing. HENRY KENDA^LL.
Ju v g 4t
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 23, 1841.
AN ACT
To appropriate the proceeds of the sales cf the Public
Lauds, and to grant pre-emption rights.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives id tire United States ol A
intnca, in Congress assembled, Tiiat from
anu alter the tinny-first ol December, in the
year ol our Loru one thousand eight bun
dled and forty true, there be allowed and paid
lit each o! liieSiaicsof Ohio Indiana, Lilians,
Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, At Kansas,
aitd Michigan, over and above whul eacli ol
lire said stales is emitted to by the terms oi
lliecoinpacts entered into between them and
the Untied S.a es, upon their admission in
to the Union, the sum often per centum
upon the lieu proceeds of the sales of tire
public lands, winch, su ‘sequent to the day
alt.resaie, strali he made within the l.mits ol
each ol said Stales respectively : Provided
1 tiai the sum so allowed to the said S.ates
respectively, sliali he in no wise affected or di
unnshed on account of any sums which have
betn heretofore, oi shall be hereafter, applied
■ o the construction of continuance ol the
Cumberland road, hut that the disbursement
l<>r the satd road shall remain, as heiaiolbre,
chargeabe on ihe two per centum fund pto
viutil lor by compacts with sevetai ol the
satd Slates.
bee. 2. And be it further enacted, That as
h r deducting the ten per centum, and what,
by the compacts alousaid, lias hetetolbie
been allowed to the biates atoiesatd, the lesi
due ol the nett proceeds— winch nett pro
ceeds shall he ascertained hy deducting iront
the gross proceeds all the expenditures ol the
year lor the following objects, salaries and
expenses on account of Ihe gcnetal land Ul
fice; expenses lor surveying pulil.c lands;
salanes and expenses in the surveyor gener
al sollice; salaries, commissions and allowan
ces to the regtsiets and lectivers; the live
per centum to ihe new Stales—of ail the pub
lic lands ol the United States, vvl erever situ
ated, wine t shall be sold subsequent to ihe
said thirty first day of December, shall be di
vided among the twenty six States of the U
mon anu the District ol Columbia, and the
i erritoriesol Wisconsin, lowa, and Florida,
according to their respective federal repre
sentative population as ascertained by the
last census, to be applied by the Legislatures
as they may direct: Provided, That the dis
tribuUve share to which lire District of Colum
bia shall be entitled, shall be applied to liee
actions or education in some o tier lbrm, as
Congress may direct: And piovided, also, That
nothing herein contained shall he construed to
the prejudice ol future applications lor a re
duction ol the price of the public lauds', or to
the prejucice ot applications lor a transfer of
the public lands, on it a.sonabie lei ms, to the
Slates within which they he or to make such
let re deposition of ti e public lands, or any
part thereof as Congress may deem expedient.
bee. 3. And be it luither enacted, That
tiie several sums of money received in the
Treasury as the nett p oceeds of the pubhc
lands shall be paid at ihe Treasury half year
ly, on the fiisi day of January and July in j
each year, during die operation ol this act, |
to such person or pet sons as the respective
Legislatures of the sa.d btales and Territo
ries, or Governors thereof in case ihe Leg
islatures shall have made no such appoint
ment, shall authorize and dnccl to receive the
name.
bee. 4. And he it further enacted, Tiiat
any stmt of money, winch at any tune may
become due and payable to any Stale of the
i niun, or to the district ol Columbia, by vir
me ol tins act, as the portion of the said Slate
or District of tlie proceeds of the public
lands shall he fust applied to the payment
of anv deb', due and payable limn the said
f ate or district, to the United States: Pro
vided, That this shall not be construed to ex
tend to ihe sums deposited with the States
under the act ol Con ress of twenty third
June, eighteen hundred and thiily six, enti
tled “An act to regulate ihe deposites ol the
public money, nor to any sums apparently due
to the United States as balances of debts
growing out of the transactions of the Rev
olutionary war:
Sec. 5. And be it Inriber enacted, That
this act shall continue and he in lotce until
otherwise provided by law, unless the United
States shall become involved in war with any
foreign power, in which event, from the com
mencement 0 I hostilities, this act shall he sus
pended during the continuance of such war:
Provided, nevertheless, That if, prior to the
expiration of it, any new Stale or States shall
be admitted into the Union, there be as
signed to such new Slate or States, the pto
portion of the proceeds accruing after their
admission into tiie Union, to which such State
or States may be entitled, upon the principles
oft! is act, together with what such State
or'Stales may be emitted to by vir ue of
compacts to be made on their admission
into the Union.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That
there shall be annually appropriated to; cmn
plecng ihe surveys of said lands a stun not
less than one hundred and tillv thousand dol
lars; and ihe minimum prtee at winch the
public lands are now sola at private sale shall
not he increased, unless Congress si 1 ■ii think
proper to grant alternate sections aiong ttie
line of any canal or oilier improvement, and
at the same time to increase the minimum |
price o’ the sections reserved; and in case the
same shall be increased by law, except as
aforesaid, at any time during tiie operation ol
this act, then so much of this act as provides
tiiat the nett proceeds of the sales of the pub
lic lands shall be distributed among tiie sev
eral Elates shall, from and af.er the increase
of the minimum price thereof, cease and be
c me utterly uul an I ol no eltecl, any tuing to
Hie contrary notwithstanding: Fio.ided, That
it at any lime during Hie existence of this act,
there shail.be an imposition of duties on im
ports inconsistent with the provisions ol the
act of March second, one thousand eight hun
dred and thirty-three, entitled “An act to
muddy ihe act of fourteenth July, one thou
sand eight hundred and thi: ty-tvvo, and all
other acts imposing duties on imposts,” anti
beyond tne rale ot duty fixed by that act, to
w.t, twenty per cent on Ihe value ot such im
ports, or anv ot’ them, then the distribution
provided in this aet shall be suspended, anu
shall so con -me until this cause ot us suspen
sion shall I- removed, when it not prevented
bv otiier provisions of tins act, sucti distribu
tion shall he resumed.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted. That
the Secretary of the Treasury may continue
any land district in which is suuated the seat
of government til any one ol the Elates and
j may continue the land office in such district,
notwithstanding the quantity ol land unsold
in such district may not amount to one hun
dred thousand acres, when, in his opinion,
such continuance may be required by public
convenience, or in order to close the ,and sys
tem in such State at a convenient point, under
the provisions til tiie act on that subject, ap
proved l-2ih June, one thousand eight him- j
dred and lorry.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, Tiiat j
• here shall be granted to each Slate specified j
in the first section of this act, five hundred ;
thousand acres of land Urr the purposes ol
improvement: Provided, That to each ot the
said Slates which has already received grants |
lor said purposes, there is hereby granted no
“THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.”
more than a quantify ot land which shall to
gether with the amount such State has al
teatly received as albresaid, make five hun
dred thousand acres; the selections in all of
the said Slates to be made within their limits
respectively in such manner as Lite Legislaiure
thereof shall direct, and located in parcels,
conformably to sectional divisions and subvis
ions, of not less than three hundred and
twenty acres in one locauon, on any public
land, except such as is or may be leserved
from sale by any law of Congress or procla
mation ol’ ti e president of die United States,
winch said locations may be made at any
time after the lands of the United Elates in
said Stales respectively shall have been sur
veyed, according to exist ng 1 i ws. And there
shall he and heieby is granted to each new j
►State that shall be and hereafter is admitted |
inti the Union, upon such admission, so much j
land as, including such quantity as may have j
been granted to such State belbre its admis
sion, and while under a territorial government,
for purposes oi improvement as aforesaid,shall
make live hundred thousand acres of laud, to
be selected and located as alotesaid
Sec. y. And tie it l oil her enacted, That
the lands herein granted to the States above
named shall not be disposed of at a price less
than one dollar anu twenty five cents per
acre, unit! otherwise authorized by a law of
the United States; and the nett proceeds of
the sale's of said lands shall be faithfully ap
plied to objects of internal improvement with
in the Stales aforesaid respectively, namely:
Roads, railways, bridges, canals and improve
ment of water courses, and draining of
swamps, and sucli roads, railways, canals,
bridges and water courses, when made or im
proved, shall be free for the transportation ol
the United States mail, and munitions of war,
and for the passage of their troops with
out the payment of any toll whatever.
Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That
from and after the passage of this act every
person, being the head of a family, or widow
or single man, over the age of twenty one
years, and being a citizen of the United
States, or having filed his declaration of in
lenlion to become a citizen as required hy the
naturalization laws, who since the first day oi
June, A. D., eighteen bundled and forty, has
I made or shall hereafter make, a settlement in
person on the public lands to which the Indian
title had been, at the time of such settlement
extinguished, and which has been or shall
have been surveyed prior thereto, aud who
shall inhabit and improve the same, and who
has or snail erect a dwelling thereon, shali be
and is heieby authorized to enler with the
register of the land office lor the district in
which such land u.ay lie, by legal subdivisions,
any number of acres not exceeding ore hun
dred and sixty, or a quarter section of land,
to include the residence of such claimant, up-;
on paying to ihe United States the minimum
price of such land, subject, however, to the
following limitations and exceptions: No
person shall be eniited to more than one
preemptive right by virfue of this act; no
person who is the proprietor, of three hun
dred and twenty acres of land in any Slate
or Territory of the United States, and no
person who shall quit or abandon his residence
on his own land lo reside on the public land
in the same State or Territory shall acquire
any right of pre-emption under this act: no
lands included in any reservation, by any
treaty, law, or proclamation of the President
of the United States, or reserved foruallness
or lor oilier purposes; no lands reserved for
ihe support of schools, nor the lands acquired
by either of the two last treaties with the
Miami tribe ol Indiansin the State of Indi
diana, or which may be acquired of t tie Wy
andot tribe of Indians in Ihe Stale of Ohio,
or other Indian reservation to which the title
has been or may be extinguished by the Unileii
Slates at any time during the operation of
this act; no sections of land reserved to the
United States alternate to other sections gran
ted to any of the States for the construction
of any canal, railroad, or other public im
provements; no sections or fractions of sec
tions included within the limits of anv incor
porated town ; no portions of the public lands
which have been selected as the site for a
city or town; no parcel or lot ol land actu
ally setlled and occupied for the purposes of
trade and not agriculture; and no lands ort
which are situated any known salines or mines
shallbe liable to entry under or by virtue of the
provisions of this act. And so much of the
provision of the act of twenty-second of June
eighteen hundred and thirty.eight, or any or
der of the President of the Untied States, ns
directs certain reservations to be made in fa
vor of certain claims under the treaty of
Dancing Rabbit creek be, and the same is
hereby repealed: Provided, That such re
peal shall not effect any title to any tract of
land secured in virtue of said treaty.
Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That
when two or more persons shall have settled
on the same quarter section ol land, the tiglii
of pre-empti 11 shall be in him or her who
made the first settlement, provided such per
sons shall conform to the other provisions ol
this act ; and all questions as to the light til
pre-emption arising between different settlers
shall be settled by the register and receiver
of the district within which the lan i is situa
ted. subject to an appeal to and a revision by
the Secretary of the Treasury of the United
States.
Sec. 12. And he it further enacted, That
prior to any entries being made under and by
virtue of the provisions of this act, proof ol
the settlement and improvement thereby re
quired shall be made to the satisfaction of the
register and receiver of the land district in
which such lands may lie, agreeahly to such
rule as shall he prescribed by the Secretary
of the Treasury, who shall each be entitled
to receive fifty cents from each applicant lor
hi’ services to be rendered as aforesaid; and
all assignments and transfers ol the right
hereby secured prior to the issuing <>f the pat
ent shall be null and void.
Sec. 13. And he it further enacted, That
before anv person claiming the benefit ol this
act shall he allowed to enter suclt lands, he
or she shall make oath before the receiver or
register of tiie land district in which the land
is situated (who are hereby authorized to ad
minister the same) that he or she lias never
had the benefit of any right of pre-emption
under this act, tiiat he or she is not the owner
of three hundred and twenty acres of land in
anv Slate or the United States,
nor hath he or she settled upon and improved
-aitl land to sell the same on speculation, but
in good faith to appropriate it to his or her
own exclusive use or benefit ; and that lie or
site has not directly, or indirectly, made any
agreement or contract in any way or man
ner, with any person or persons whatsoever,
by which the title which he or she might ac
quire from the Government of the United
Elates should enure, in whole or in part, to
ihe bentfit of any person except himself; and
if any person taking such oath shall swear
falsely in the premises, he or she shall be sub
: ject u all the pains and penalties of perjury,
| and shall forfeit the money which he or she
j may have paid lor said land, and all right and
: title to the same; and anv grant or convey
ance which he or she may have made, except
! in the hands of bona fide purchasers, for a
j valuable consideration, shall be null and void.
’ And it shall be the dutv of the officer admin-
istering sucli oath to file a ce.lificate thereof
m the public land office of such district, and
to transmit a duplicate copy to the Getieial
Land Office, either of which shall be good and
sufficient ev.deuce that such oath was admin
istered according to law.
Stc. 14. And be il further enacted, That
this act shall not delay the sale of any of the
public lands of the United Slates beyond the
time which has been, or may be, appointed by
the proclamation of the President, nor shall
the provisions of this act he available to any
person or persons who shall fail to make the
proof and payment, and file the affidavit re
quired before tire day appointed for the com
mencement of the sales as aforesaid.
Sec. .15. And be il further enacted, That
| whenever any person has settled or shall settle
j and imp.ove a tract of land* subject at the
| time ol settlement to private entry, and shall
I intend to purchase the same under the provi
sions of this act, such person sliali in the first
case, within three months after the passage of
the same, and in the last within thirty days
next alter the date of such settlement, lile
with the register of the proper district a writ
ten statement describing the land settled upon,
and declaring the intention of such person lo
claim the same under the provisions of this
act, ami shall, where such settlement is alrea
dy made, within the same period after the
dale of such settlement, make the proof alii-
davit, and payment herein required; and i!
lie or she shall lad to file such written state
ment as aloresaid, or shall tail to make such
affidavit, proof, and payment within the twelve
months aloresaid, the tract of laud so settled
and improved shall be subject to the entry ol
any other purchaser.
Sec. 16. And be it further enacted, That
the two per cent of the net proceeds ol the
lands sold, or that may hereafter he sold
the United States in the State of Mississippi,
since the fiistday of December, one thousand
eight hundred and seventeen, and by the act,
entitled “ An act to enable the People of the
Western part of the Mississippi Territory to
form a Consti ution and State Government
and for the admission ol such Stale into the
Union on an equal fooling with the original
States,’, and all acts supplemental thereto, re
served lor the making of a road or roads
leading to said Stale, be, and the same is here
by relinquished to the Stale of Mississippi,
payable in two equal instalments; the first to
be paid on the first of May, one thousand
eight hundred and forty-two, and the other
on the first of May, one thousand eight hun
dred and forty-three, so far as the same may
then have accrued, and quarterly, as the same
may accrue, after said period : Provided, That
the’ Legislatures of said State shall pass an act
dclarmg their acceptance ol said relinquish
merit in full if said fund, accrued and accru
ing, and also embracing a provision, to be un
alterable without the consent ol Congress,
that the whole of said two per cent fund shall
be faithfully applied to the construction ol a
railroad, leading from Brandon, in the Slate
of Mississippi, io the eastern boundary of said
Slate, in the direction, as near as may be of
the towns cf Selma, Cahawba, and Mont
gomery, in the State ol Alabama.
Sec.” 17. And be it further enacted, Thn
the two per cent of the net proceeds of the
lands sold by the United States, in the State
of Alabama, since the first day of September,
one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, and
reserved by the act entitled “An act to enable
the People of tlie Alabama Territory to form a
Constitution and Slate Government, and for
the admission of such Stale into the Union
on an equal footing with the original State*,’’
for the making of a road or roads leading to
the said State, be, and the same is hereby, re
linquished to the said State of Alabama, pay.
able in two equal instalments, the first to be
paid on the first day of May, one thousand
eight hundred and forty-two, and the other
on the first of May, one thousand eight hun
dred and forty three, so far as the same has
accrued, and quarterly, as the same may here
after accrue: Provided, That the Legislature
of said State shall first pass an act declaring
their acceptance of said relinquishment, and
also embracing a provision, to be unalterable
without the consent of Congress, that the
whole of said two per cent fund shall be faith
fully applied, under the direction of the Leg
gislature of Alabama, to the connexion, by
some means of internal improvement, of the
navigable waters of I fie bay of Mobile with
the Tennessee river, and to the construction
ot a continuous line of internal improvements
from a point on the Chattahoochie river, op
nos te West Point, in Georgia across thie state
of Alabama, in a direction to Jackson, in the
Stale of Mississippi.
JOHN WHITE,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
SAM’L L. SOUTHARD,
President of the Seriate pro tempore.
Approved, September 4 1341.
JOHN TYLER.
From ihe Federal Union.
THE TAXES.
Tax paying times have arrived, the collect
ors are applying to the people to pay the heavy
tax required ot them by the act of the last
Legislature, and the whig press, it seems are
becoming somewhat alarmed at the idea ot the
peoples discontent with the useless and op
pressive exaction made of them. Some ol
their triends are not so well pleased; and oth
ers do not see into the why and the wherefore
of the cause, especially at a time like the pre
sent when they are so hard run for money,
and there is so little to be had in the country.
Great effort is and has been making to con
vince the voters that it is ail in consequence
ot the indebtedness of the State and its gr at
want of money to defray its expenses. Ihe
Van Buren party they say have spent the
wb de of the assets of the Central Bank and
ah the money in the Treasury has been
squandered. They figure and flourish, and
pile up masses of type to show the necess.ty
for heavy taxation : one says the st te owes
nine millions cf dollars; this is proven to be
false, and it is shown that the state is not only
i out ol debt without an existing liability for any
considerable amount, which can become due
under thirty years, but her institution entitled
to credit. They then resort to a calculation
and put together figures and sums showing
the expenses and appropriations made by the
Legislature, that required the tax to be ie\ iad,
and trotn it hope to prove the necessity for the
raising a large amount by taxation, liow iair
and honest these partisans are in their efforts
to prove their state insolvent, and to convince
the people that it was necessary, and ought to
assess a heavy tax, will be seen by reference
to their items of a table, furnished in the Jour
nal of last week, on which is put down figures
to make 1,(£53,000,000, the amount to be pro
vided lor payment, of this year; to do this
they place to the account, for legislature oi
last year, which the reader will remember
was paid in December last, §IOO,OOO, and
add contingent fund appropriation, 20,000 of
which it is uncertain how much may be re
quired ; and military fund, 3,000, for which
no appropriation appears to have been made
on the statute book ; with many other items of
like character, which had no existence in fact,
or which have been long since and previous
to the tax act, paid and settled by the State.
But we pass on to those of larger amount, and
respecting which more gross prevarication
and misrepresentation are made by them. For
[NUMBER 33.
instance, §420,0110, say they, was wanted to
defray the expenses incurred by the payment
of Western and Atlantic Rail Road Scrip,
&c. &c. Now, it is well known, and sc
might have been understood by these editors,
that the larger portion of this sum was paid
by the bank during last year, say at least, two
hundred and fifty thousand dollars of the
amount, and the balance which has been paid
since, and for vvh ch the Bank was not liable,
this same Harrison and reform Legislature
required should be paid by it. Many other
equally absurd and erroneous statements are
made to deceive the people on this subject,
i he conclusion of all which is, that the peo
ple are to understand that §1033,000 had to
be provided to be met in the year 1641, which
is brandished forth in large capitals, with the
additional amount of ‘ half a million of money ,’
which the editors admit have been actually
paid by the Central Bank, with most of the
items constituting their statement, of a million
and thirty three thousand dollars required to
be paid to defray the expenses of the year.
Weil, if these sums have been paid without
the aid of the taxes, through the operations ol
the Central Bank, and it is well known to ev
ery one, not one dollar of the tax of 1841 has
yet been received, where was the great neces
sity, and how have they shown that the last
Legislature had to provide these means to sus
tain the Government by resorting to heavy
taxation. The whole of the taxes to be col-
lected, which, agreeably to the digests return
ed to the Comptroller’s office, for 1841, a
mount, including all the subjects of taxation
required to be assessed by the late law, to the
sum of seven hundred and twenty odd thousand
dollars. A statement of the returns lor eacli
county, for this and the last year, is herewith
given, from the records, that every one may
see for himself and draw the contrast between
former taxes and those assessed by this “would
not if they could” relieve the people Legisla
ture of 1840. And if this sum or whatever
portion of it that may be collected, is to be
collected in CENTRAL BANK BILLS from
the people which by the same Legislature is
required (with specie or specie paying bank
notes alone, of which there are now none to
be had,) we ask and let every honest man an
swer for himself: Will the State after having
wrung from the people in times already too
distressing to be looked on with the slightest
complacency by the feeling portion of our cit
izens, be any better able to defray these large
debts and expenses which are arrayed by our
adversaries, with available funds than if she
had suffered the people to have the use of her
bills and raised the resources of the State as
heretofore, by payments and interests accru
ing to be made at their ease, from borrows at
the Cental Bank ! Would not the State and
people be more benefitted by the use of Cen
tral Bank notes among them, and from the
interest and reductions to be paid on the mo
ney loaned at the bank to those in distress,
who could have made safe their liabilities for
the same. Is not money or circulating paper
already sufficiently scarce in Georgia, for these
unfeeling reformers who promised so much
last year, in relation to better times and plenty
of money ! Have the people now to learn
that Central Bank bills are of more value in
their hands than those of chartered companies,
every day exploding and leaving bill holders
to sacrifice their notes for a trifle ! Can they
issue! do they do it! and if they were, would
any one trust (hem ! No !
Away withal. the slang and fabrications of
politicians and bankers, enemies of the Central
Bank, : and to the best interests of the people.
There is no good reason and none can be giv
en for the course of the last Legislature, in
oppressing the people with this heavy TAX,
and in doing every thing possible to destroy
their Bank. Let the voters of Georgia look
to it. It Was for political purpose, and to
crush the Central Bank and give credit and
influence to Corporations these things were
done. If they have the power, greater enor
mities —the utter annihilation of the Bank will
be tin result, and taxes resorted to, year after
year, of a still more odious and onerous a
mount, under pretence that the Government
requires it. Let no one be deceived by their
falsehoods and people of
Georgia read and examine lor yourselves.
A Table showing the amount of TAXES as
sessed in the different counties in Georgia,
for the years 1841 and 1840.
Counties. 1841. 1840.
Applinn-,’ No return No return
Baker, 1,411 34 367 32
Baldwin, .18,427 46 1 ,'BOB 97
Bibb, 161.141 00 4,937 3d
Bryan,- 1052 30 518 38
Bulloch, 935 36 455 60
Burke, 3.976 68 2,622 38
Butts, 1,539 19 762 30
Chattooga, 776 82 384 89
Camden, 19,054 62 3,622 54
Campbell, 1,057 59 519 91
Carroll, 983 20 722 27
Cass, 2,028 52 1,035 73
Chatham,’ 23,085 83 11,173 21
Cherokee, 960 49 406 49
Clark, 4,764 19 2,733 79.
Cobb, 16,540 09 779 51
Columbia, 3,91125 2,556 93
Coweta, 2,548 13 1,296 22
Crawford, 2,160 06 1,620 36
Dade, 247 SO 97 46
Decatur, 1,433 88 890 18
DeKalb, 2,008 69 1,274 65
Dooly, 1,055 42 523 02
Early, 1,826 56 790 33
Effingham, 831 15 469 23
Elbert, 3,681 67 1,834 64
Emanuel, No return 419 20
Favette,’ 1,393 56 842 24
Floyd, 1,302 50 629 43
Forsyth, 907 59 459 38
Franklin, 1,671 00 614 19
Gilmer, 346 77 111 57!
Glynn, 17,654 65 1,298 79 \
Green, 4,053 55 4,493 48 ’
Gwinnett, 2,004 88 1,1 ( 10 45 j
Hal fcrsham* 1,302 58 6~6 2 > j
Hall, 1,407 25 670 271
Hancock, 3,589 91 2,625 11 :
Harris, 3,837 89 2,256 94!
Heard, 1,095 00 615 33}
Henry, 2,070 00 1,363 50
Houston, 2,170 00 1,496 07 1
Irwin, No return No return |
Jackson; 1.880 62 694 90!
Jasper, 3,814 61 3,27 7 97
Jefferson, 2,473 70 1.845 3e
Jones 3,251 19 2,539 93
Laurens. 16,762 00 868 00
Lee, 1.720 21 767 39
Liberty, No return 1,452 98
Lincoln, 1.907 94 994 48
Lowndes, No return 780 30
Lumpkin, 939 58 532 21
Macon. 1,077 56 No return
Madison, 1,120 77 5-53 66
Marion, 1,102 18 449 13
Mclntosh, 183,176 00 1,697 21
Meriwether, 3,515 93 2,145 45
Monroe, 21,076 38 3,678 06
Montgomery, 415 76 208 27
Morgan, “ 4,444 10 2,499 11
| Murray, 920 89 554 76
; Muscogee, 38,578 21 3,675 00
; Newton, 3,313 74 1,843 57
j Oglethorpe, 3,522 68 2,002 53
| Paulding, 1,012 24 269 08
! Pike, 2,184 00 1,634 29
j Pulaski, 1631199 995 45
1 Putnam, 4,227 77 3,248 79
Rabun, 267 50 134 62
Randolph, 2,216 20 870 19
Richmond, 22,518 76 8.477 03
Bcriven, 1,G3l 12 932 84
Stewart. 3,729 96 1,725 78
Sumter, 1,280 00 752 46
1 albot, Np return 2,467 63
Taliaferro, 1,557 00 981 41
Tattnall, 764 42 417 28
Telfair, 15,925 20 447 27
Thomas, 1,877 20 1,368 92
Troup, 4,902 90 3,809 34
Twiggs, 2,907 00 1,337 16
Union, 318 00 331 00
Upson, 4,475 38 2,054 32
Walton, 2.332 88 1,678 96
Ware, No return 247 08
Warren, 3,225 00 1,788 11
Washington, e,433 38 1,714 91
Wayne, No return 180 07
Walker, 1,056 80 480 65
Wilkes, 4,742 12 3,119 54
Wilkinson, 1,4i9 27 691 76
§722,788 91* § 138,927 04
♦The above returns were taken from the tax
books now in the Comptroller General’s office,
and includes the tax on change bills and all
other property required by the law of the last
Legislature to be taxed, from which it will be
seen, omitting the eight counties whose books
have not as yet been received by the Comp
troller, that the Tex’s of 1841 exceed that of
1840 in the sum of §583,859 87!
From he Indepen<lent (Ala ) Monitor.
PENALTIES OF THE BANKRUPT LA4\ .
From what motive, unless it he a pit-deter
mination to see how much suffering mankind
will endure without public resistance, —tho
late Van Buren party oppose every measure of
pecuniary rebel to the country, and of person
al liberty itself in many instances, we are at a
loss to divine. The recent act of Congress
establishing a uniform system of bankruptcy
in the United States, received but two votes in
the Senate and three in the House of Repre
sentatives from that side ; and not content
with his past efforts to rivet the chains of
bondage forever on a half million of American
citizens (by his own estimate) Mr. Benton
has declared that the act will be repealed
within ten days of the next session of Con
gress. In this de. ire to abrogate the law even
before it goes into operation, Mr. B. is not
*■ solitary and alone ” as he was in putting a
celebrated ball in motion ; for we find it re
sponded to by certain organs of that party in
Alabama. One reason alledged is, that the
law vviil have a corrupting tendency on the
public morals, by tempting men to the com
mission of fraud and perjury, to avail them
selves of its protection : and then, that il al
lowed to take effect, it will ruin the banks of
this State by cutting off a large portion of debts
owing them. , -
. We propose to examine practically the na
ture of these objections. In the first place,
we shall notice the relation between debtor
and creditor.
.Waiving all consideration of the fact that
the people were involved, mainly, in their pre
sent difficulties, by the policy of a former
administration of the General Government
a id that a duty thence peculiarly devolved on
Government to ameliorate their condition, we
take it for granted, what will be found true in
lorty-nine fiftieths pases of insolvency, that
creditors, whether corporations or individuals,
have run their claims into judgment, and havo
ferreted out every vestige of property, either
visible or concealed, where the same could
be reached by any process at law or in equity.
We feel perfectly authorized to say that cred
itors seldom relax their grasp until their debt
ors are breathless, and even then their ideas
of justice turn to a prison as the most eligible
retreat for their miserable debtors. Since the
question of a bankrupt law has been agitated
in Congress, we have uniformly maintained,
the good faith and obligation of contracts, so
far as that the debtor should yield up every
thing, even to his pocket knife, if required
this done, what else can the creditor possibly
obtain! Will he be permitted to seize the
family of the debtor, and make them slaves,’
to cower under his lash, or the debtor himself
to rot in jail! The fast has not been unfre
quent in this land of liberty ; and to prevent
such disgraceful consequences, the framers of
the constitution, by a wise and patriotic fore
sight, expressly authorized Congress to pass
“ uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies
throughout the United States;” thus securing
personal freedom against the malice or tyran
ny of creditors, alter a fair and honest surren
der of the debtors effects. To such an end,
has Congress at length exerted that benefi
cent grant of power in ihe constitution.
By referring to the bankrupt law, it will be
seen that every man claiming its benefits, has
to set forth under oath every debt that he
owes, and a list of all his property, whether iri
possession or expectancy, debts due him, and
every species of trust or sale in which he has
or may have a contingent interest. Ilis last
bed, and even the cradle of his infant; the
books he had collected in his youth, and that
precious volume, the family bible ; the spelling
books of his children, and the smallest article
ol household or kitchen furniture, are all to be
included ; and the most that can be done for
him under the law, no matter what the size of
his family or their former rank in life, is, that
the assignee appointed by the court to take
charge of his property, may reserve him such
articles for housekeeping as he may think
proper, in no case to exceed three hundred dol
lars * A man seeking relief under that law r ,
lias to come to this, or by a false representa
tion to deceive the Court, subject himself to
all the pains of perjury, under the laws of the
United States. The punishment for this of
fence is three years imprisonfnfent; a fine of
eight hundred dollars, and standing in the pil
lory one hour, besides being forever incompe
tent to give testimony in a court of justice.
Creditors are allowed, by the law, to question
the applicants for a discharge, in every possi
ble manner bv which the business and real
condition of the debtor may be ascertained.
They may inquire*
1. On how much capital of his own the
debtor commenced trades
2. What amount did he obtain from his
creditors 1 at what time, and what disposition
did he make of it 1
3. I low much did lie sell for cash, and how
much on time! What kind of debts did lie
allow to accumulate on Ins books! What
amount good, doubtful, or bad! What col
lections has be made, and what portion of his
liabilities have been discharged, either in
paper, or other property, and at what
j rate !
4. What have been his individual or house
j hold expenses ? llcw many servants did lie
j buy with the capital obtained from his credit
| ors! how many carriages ar.d horses! what
sum was paid out for houses and furniture!
how much in pleasure parties! in games of
hazard, and what kind of games, horse-racing,
cards <>r d.ce!
5. How much did he bestow in charity, or
in gifts! What was the character for fidelity
of the clerks or agents employed! What
amount was invested in speculati n on lands,
slaves, town lots, rail roads or public t locks !
How much for the education of children, and
what trips of pleasure did the family take!
Did they visit the springs in summer or the
city in winter! did they travel economically,
and seek the cheapest taverns! or did they go
in private conveyances, if so, what sort, or by
ste-imboats or railroads, and always demand
fashionable liviug!
6. At what time the debtor was first ap
prized of his embarrassments! W hat occa
sioned them, loose credits or large endorse
ments or securityships! W hen did he make
known h's situation to bis creditors, and what
terms of settlement did he propose to thorn ?
Who has he preferred, and who has he failed
to pay! What amount has ho paid out in