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PUBLISHED
every THURsday m o r
Inthp r’ JAM b S Van NEsis . * M
i saillte5 aillte on the corner of
Oglethorpe and Randolph Streets.
terms^
advance™! h* ‘ dol * ars P er annum, payable in
months ’ ’ f ree a ' s and a half at the end of sit
“®” hs * or four dollars, (in all cases) where pay
is not m ide betore trie expiration of the year.
Wo subsertpo j,, received for iess than twelve months
* payment in advance, and no paper discon
tinued, except at the option of the Editor, until all
arrearages are paid.
ApvEtiTisiMEPiTsconspicuously inserted at i re dol
lar per one hundred words, or less* for the first In
sertion and fifty cents for every subsequent contin
uance. Those sent without a specification offf e
nu.noer ofinseruons. will be published until ordered
ou, r and cnarged accordingly.
Yearly Advertisements.—For over 24 and
not exceeding 3 i lines, fifty dollars per annum ; fo
over 12 and not exceeding 24 lines, thirty-five dol
lars per annum ; lor less than 12 fines, twenty dol
lars per annum. *
2. All rum and figure work double the above prices.
Legal Advertisements published at the usual
rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions ol
the law.
All Sues regulate! by law, must be made before
the court house door, between the hours of 10 in the
morning and four in the evemug—those of 1 >nd in
the county where it is situate ; those of persona
property, woere the letters testamentary, of adminl
■strati in or of go trdiamqip were obtained—and are
requited lo be previously alvertised iu some public
gazette, as follows:
Sheriffs’ Sales unler regular executions for thir
ty days ; tin ler mortgage ti fas sixty days, before
the dav of sale.
S w,E3 of lan 1 and negrops, by Executors, Adminis
trators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day
of sale.
Sales of personal property (except Negroes) forty
days.
Citations bv Clerks of ‘he Courts ol Ordinary, upon
application for letters of administration, must be pub
lished foi thirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, hv F.xec-
R'ors, A l.nuustrators or Guardians, monthly for six
months.
Orders of Court*ofOrdinary, (accompanied with a
copy of the bond or agreement) to make titles to
land, must h * published three months.
Nonces by Executors, Administrators or Guardians,
of application lo the Court of Ordinary for leave to
sell the land or negroes of an est ate, four months.
Notices by Executors or Administrators, to the
debtors and creditors of an estate, fir six weeks.
Siiebipfs’.Clerks ofOourt &e. will be allowed the
usual (eduction.
O’ Letters on business, must be post paid, to
entitle them to attention.
BOOTS, SHOES ANI) BROGANS.
AL AEG K and well assorted stuck of the above
named ardcles can be found a* N >. 13, Haj'tie
street. Charleston,S. C. The subscriber- are pleased
to infirm their customers and the country merchants
generally, that they have secured their
Fall and Winter Goods,
and shall be pleased to serve them persona ly or by
order. They also will say that thev have an unusual
large assortment ol Negro Brogans, both black and
russett, adapted to planta'mu use. All of which will
be bold un reasonable terms.”
H. STODDARD & WOOD,
Formerly li STODDARD, MILLER & Cos.
No. 13, Hayne-st. Charleston, S. C.
September 23 31 4t
” \V ARE-HOUSE
AND
COMMISSION BUSINESS.
WE have associated under the firm of Yonge It
Spencer, for the transaction of the above bu
siness, and hope to receive a share of public patronage.
We will occupy the old stand known as “ Yonge’s
Ware House on Front street, which is now 1 ring put
in good order, and intend having if enclosed with n
substantial br-ck wall. We will attend to the sale of
Cotton ot other produce on waggons or tit store, at tile
usual rates.
We have a good sup dy of Barging and Rope, which
we will furnish to our customers on aei'otnmodauiig
terms. WILLIAM P. YONGE.
RICHARD P. SPENCER.
Columbus. Sept. 9 31 ts
BROUGH r TO JAIL
IN Columbus, f Seorgia. on the 11th August, a no
gro m in wh > says his name is DICK ; he is ratti
er of a copper color, s .y- he belongs to Madison Hey
w itxl, of Talladega county. Ala. The said negro
lias been run i vay for nearly two years. H b oke
j t I from me 27 It .lulv, IH4 >, and lie then said he be
l.-t *-d to E l v ird William--, of Talladega comity, and
then went by the name of Joe; his are 23 or 24 yo.es;
5 feet, 8 inches high. The owner is requested to
rout • forward, pthive property, nav expenses and take
him away. ‘W. BROWN, Jailor.
(September 9 31 tl
cap rtoN.
tj OST nb nit a mon'li ago. a no'e suppose,! to Ln
JSuA made payable to Thomas Taggart or bearer
signed by Hoxey & Mitchell, da 1 some lime in 1837
fir sixty two dollars and some odd cents. I forewarn
all net's >ris from trading for said note, as payment on
Raid note has been stop >ed.
MICHAEL Med g a ID.
ScnferrtVr 23 33 3:
EDUCATION.
Mil. F. A. HALLAIJR. respeotf.illv informs
the citizens of Columbus and its vicinity, tha
he will open an Ktiuiish and Classical School at the
Upper end of the City, near Mr. V\ iiey Jones’ dwel
lin''house, commencing on Monday the 12ih mst.at
the annexed prices for a session of 12 weeks.
I. The I.at n and Greek Classics, the Rend
ing and Speaaihj’ of the French, Spanish,
Italian and German Laniiaes, Algebra.
Geometry, Natural Philosophy, Nc. >lO 00
gj. Readun:. Writing. Composition, Arithme
tic, Gwopraphy, English Grammar. &c. 8 00
No deduction from the prices will be made for ab
sence. from School, except in case of sickness of more
than two weeks. No withdrawal from School during
the session allowed unless paid lor the whole time
Tuition considered due at the middle of the session.
Columbus, July 9 22 3t
’ r NOTICE. -
TIIFi public are caufmtto I against trading for two
notes ol two hundred and fif.y dollars, each
payable to Elisha Hitts or bearer, as l shad noi pay the
same unless compelled bv la v.
DRURY S- ALLEN.
Wehadkee P. 0., Ala. July 22 24 St
he Enquirer will copy 3 times and forwatd their
accounts to me.
COT TON BAGGING.
Direct Importations.
THR subscribers have just complete.! their sea
son’s import of Cotton Baggin 1 *, consisting of
Don Joe 4 l inch, weighing 2| lbs. per varJ.
41 “ “ 2
“ 41 “ “ H “ “
4l “ “ l£ “ “
4 q a 1! “
“ 41 “ “ 4 “ ‘
Inverness 4J 11 “ “
Double E. I. Gunny 44 “ “ * “ \\
° Also, Scotch superior 3 strand.
Hale Ro.e, India and English.
Which are offered to the planteis and merchants of
Georgia, at such prices and o.i such credits, for city
acceptance, as will render a home purchase more ad
vantageous than one m a northern market, and enable
supplies to be sent immediately into the interior, du
ring the exis'euce of good tver navigation, and at the
nrevailiU'’ very low rates of freight.
prevailing j ANDREW LOW & Cos.
Savannah, May 13 U 11
SEVEN TV-FIVE DOLLARS REWARD
THE subscriber, residing in Columbus. Georgia
lost about a month since, a valuable negio man
for the appr< hension of whom in any secure- jtul so
that he can get him. he will give twenty-live dollars;
and if the said negro man has been deemed away by
anv white person, or been iurnishetl with tree |a|vrs,
(neither of which is improbable) he wd give m addi
tion fifty dollars, if sutiicient evidence of that tact, be
communicated to him to ensure Ule ccnvicl.on of the
B, s'ud l ne" > rois about 2S years of age of snail stature,
and named Elije. He is behoved tr have never shav
ed and his appearance. ... consequence, is somewhat
singular, the hair being long on his n,,p. r lip. W hen
spoken to, he almost invariable puts h.s fmger to .he
sfde of his head, and scratches Ins hair, and Ins spor e
ls accompanied by a slight hesitancy. He has f
marks ot a gun shot, just above the knee, in the right
Thiah it is thought; the hone was fractured, and the
wound ts still visible. The negro, when he said anv
hnc about running away, which he occasional
lrA T " a -T A SoStiSvKm!“
ca'iimb'l*, Gl. Gir. 1-1 _
notice.
ALLp rsonv who Inve not paid their City Tax
are requested t . call at the O and Oily Council
Chamber, at the M irk-'t House and pay their City
Tax hi the ir-tliv > r < ■ oh*T next.
,1. BE ILUJXE, City Treasurer.
September 23 S3
TRDPT SALE.
By virtue of a IV. I of I’riie bearing date, lith
July, Ilist we will s.Ji |! private s: e the Bank
ing House .l id Lot. ‘VI h a.I I>. .V.■!...•■ ts ‘hereon.
situate on new of llml; 1.
streets. Tiel .♦ con .tins te’ n RmUo ~ and
147 feet 10 nee so. >; -ho <tr *■', an < 'iU re
ceive in pivm nt f> he - mi” ‘he Hi Is “* ihe ( ha
tahoochee IJei it .i I t i I ? <’id eg Cos upany ol <-eor
g,a. The titles are Kills;, u’ -V- .
W.I. I*. Y>IN iii,
Columbus, July 22 41 i
VOLUME I.]
SIX CENTS REWARD.
WHDTLL be given for a man calling himself SAM
s’ v UEL HOKE, a saddler and harness maker
by trade. Said Hoke is about five teet 7 inches high,
dark complection and dark hair, weighs about oue hun
dred and thirty pounds. Said Hoke left this place hav
ing in his possession a gold watch, which he came by
dishonestly, also left wiliout paying his board and oth
er dues, audit is generally believed that lie will make
his way for North Carolina; the h’ nest portion of the
community is requested to keep a look out for the vil
lain. and all papers friendly to the suppression of crime
will please give this one insertion.
BENJAMIN A. BARRON.
Greenville, Ga. February 16, 1641.
TO BRICK MASONS AND CARPEN
TERS.
SEALED proposals will he received by the Clerk
of the Inferior Court of Heatd coun'y. for the buil
ding of a court house in the town of Franklin, Heard
county, until the first Monday in June next. BHs to
be for three sizes, viz : one 40 bv 50 feet, one 30 bv
50. the other 40 feet square, a bill for each ; the ha!
and court room below, finished ; also a bid fur each
finished complete, after the stvle of the court house it
LaGrarige or Newnan. For further particulars a|.
[>ly at the Inferior Clerk’s Office. By order of the In
ferior Court. B. BLEDSOE, c i c
April 22 11 to
WHISKEY, RUM, GIN, &o.
ALWAYS oil hand, and fur sale by
JOHN D. HOWEI.L,
Corner of Crawford and Broad-sts.
September 16 32 if
SHOES AND HATS.
OF various quality and sizes, for sale hv
JOHN D. hOWELL,
Cotnor of Crawford and Broad sts.
Sept.-mbor 16 32 ts
COTTON AND WOOL CARDS.
sale by JOHN D. TIOWELL,
Corner ol Crawford and Broad-sts.
Srntember 16 32 ts
RAW IIJDES WANTED.
A NY quantity will be ourehased at fair prices,
J.R. by JOHN I). HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broad-st.
September IS 32 ts
GLASS AND PUTTY!
571IRST qua ity Window Glass anti Putty, for sale
1 by JOHN D. HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broau sts.
September IS V 32 if
SALT, IRON, Sue.
A constant supply of salt and assorted Iron, always
on hand. JOHN I). HOWi'.I.L,”
Corner of Ci awford and Broad-sts.
September 16 32 ts
CROCKERY.
FINE and common Ware, for sale by
JOHN I). HOWELL,
Corner of Crawford and Broad-sts.
September 22 33 ts
DRY GOODS.
SI APLE and Fancy Dry Goods, of every des
cription, suitable for the trade, for sale hv
JOHN D. HOWELL,
Corner of Cra vford and Broad-sts.
September 23 33 ts
FINE LIQUORS.
WINES. Brandies, and Holland Gin, of superior
quality, for sale by
’ JOHN D. HOWELL.
Corner of Craw ford and Broad-sts.
September 23 33 ts |
CAS HNGS.
ATS, Ovens, Spiders Skillets, Fire-Irons, and,
JL other articles in this line, for sale hv I
JOHN D. HOWELL, j
Corner of Broad and Craws >rd sts.
September 16 32 ts
WOODEN WARES.
fl LARGE ,ud well assorted lot of Tubs, Buck
/sa. ets, Sugar Boxes, &c. For sale bv
JOHN I) HOWELL.
Corner of Broad ami Craws rd sts.
SeiitPmbcr 16 32 tt
WHITE LEAD AND OIL.
ENGLISH and American White Lead and I in
seed Oil, for sale by J. D. HOWELL,
Cottier of Crawford and Broad-sts.
September 23 33 ts
BAGGING, ROUE AND TWINE.
A GOOD supply of the above articles for sale on
ill accommoda mg terms, at the Ware House of
WM. P. YONGE,
August 5 26 ts Front-street.
1 ->QQ LBS. o. Cotton Yarn, from No. 5 to 12. in
elusive, just received from the Richmond
Factory, a superior article. For sale by
J. D. HOWELL,
Corner of Broad and^Crawf ud-sts.
September 9 SI if
COTTON WANTED.
ONE Thousand Bales of Cotton wanted, for
which good p.ices and good money, will be
givetl. JOHN D. HOWELL.
Corner of Broad and Crawford streets.
September 2 30 ts
HENRY D. DARDEN,
COMMISSION MERCHANT
Apalachicola, Florida.
August 26 29 2tn
NOTICE
IS hereby giv"rt that Thomas Moore is no partner
of the firm of MeGoligh and trews.
Sept. 2 30 2t Me .J HIGH & CREWS.
DR. TAYLOR
flT AS removed his oltb et” Preston’s Row, a few
2L doors East of Preston’s Corner, where he may
generally he found, unless when professionally -ngage
Feb. 9. !
JOHN L. LEWIS,
“JJf S mv authorized Agent to transact, any bttsines
ti if in toe, during my absence from Columbus.
M. A. ROBINSON.
June 3 17 ts
NOTICE.
■ffOHN L. LEWIS, Esq. will act as the Ag'-nt of
4*5 the un lerstgned, during his temporary absence
in Alabama. N. W. COCKE.
June 17 H? 2t
DISSOLUTION.
TvIIE co-partnership heretofore existing at Apa
laehicola, between Ihe subscribers, twlwr the
firm of GohNiein is Cos. was dissolved on the Ist Jan
iirv Inst. The outstanding business will be settled bv
H. D. Darden. DAVID GDI.OSTEIN,’
IL D. DARDEN.
August 26 20 2m
wTg~ M. DAVIS,
A TTORNF t AT LAW,
Apalachicola, Florid i.
PRACTICES in the Courts of the Middle am
H. Western Districts, and tbs Oeurr of Appea's
Refers to Hon. J. S. Ca-hojk, John Fox
taine, Esq. and S. R. Bosjj k, Esq., Columbus.
Georgia. 10-52 t.
fjg'VlE subscribers having connected themselves tn
M. the practice of LAW, will attend all the
Countv Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit, and the
adjoining counties of Alabama. Olhee in Mclntosh
Row immediately over Allen Sc Young’s Store.
ALFRED IVERSON,
June 14. 19tf J.M.GVFRRY.
WVNNTON FEMALE ACADEMY.
E second lerm of this Inslitu'ioti will coimm-nrr
Jl June 3k, Monday, and continue tweniy two
weeks, uiti iu will be §l7 50 per term. For wcod
and incidental expenses 50 cents. Payment in ad
vance. K. YY. B. MUNRO,’ Principal.
June 24 20 4t
BROUGHT TO JAIL
ON the 22d day of February last, two negro bovs.
Sandv about 25 years old, yellow complected,
who savs he belongs to Phi ipSchlev. Esq. of Colum
bus, Georgia. The other a b y Daniel. 20 years old,
black coniplection. who says he belongs to Patt Ing
ram of Alabama, living 20 miles from Columbus, Ga.
on the Montgomery stage road. The owners of said
negroes are requested to come forward, comply with
the terms of the law and take thi m awav.
ROBERT REAVES,sI.’ff,
Stewart co. March 25 7 ts
LIBEL FOR DIVORCE.
C T. Wynn vs George H. Wynn.
IT appearing to the court, that the defendant in this
case resides out ofthe jurisdiction of this court, on
motion it is ordered that service be perfected, by pub
lication in some public gazette in this State, oace a
month f>r three months. . _
A true copy from the minutes ofthe Court,
April lerm, 1841. A. LEV ISON, Clerk-
April 29 ,I,JUI
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 7, 1841.
LETTERS OF RESIGNATION.
Washington, Sept. 11, 1841.
Sir ; Circumstances have occurred in the
course of your Administration, and chit fly in
tne exercise by you of the veto power, which
consitams.me to believe that toy longer con
tinuance in olTice, as a member of your Cabi
net, will be neither agreeable lo you, useful lo
the country, nor honorable to myself".
l o n e tne j s.ice, Mr. President, to believe
that tins conclusion has been adopted neither
capriciously, nor in any spirit of puny leeling
or political hostility, but from a sense ol duty,
which, mistaken t ough it may he, is yet so
sincerely entertained, that I cheerfully sacri
fice to u the advantages and distinction ol
office.
Be pleased, therefore, to accept this as my
resignation ol the office of Attorney General
ol the United States.
Very respectfully, vours,&c.,
J. J. CRIiTENDEN.
Tiie President.
Treasury Department, Sept, 11,1841.
Sir ; Alter the most calm and careful con
sideration arid viewing ihe subject in all
aspects in wfi ch it presents itself to my mind,
I have come to the conclusion that I ought no
longer to remain a member of your Cabinet.
I therefore resign the office of Secretary of
the “Treasury, and beg you to accept ibis as
my letter ol resignation.
Jo avoid misunderstanding, I distinctly
deflate that 1 do not consider tt difference of
opinion as to the charter of a National Bank
a sufficient reason for dissolving the ties which
have existed between us. Though I look
upon that measure as oue of vast importance
to the prosperity of rise country, and though
I should have deeply deplored your inability
or unwillingness to accord it to ihe wishes of
the People and the Slates, so unequivocally
expressed through tii ir Represenlatives, still,
upon this alone, unconnected with other con
h'oiiing circumstances, I should not have felt
hound to resign ihe place which I hold in
your Administration. But those controlling
circumstances do exist, and I will, in mv own
justification, place them in connexion before
you. •
It is but just to you to rav, that the bill
winch fit si passed the two Houses of Con
gress, and which was returned with your
objections on the 16:h of August, dio never,
in its progress, as far as I know or believe,
receive at any time either your expressed or
implied assent. So far as that hill was known
lo me, or as I was consulted upon it, I endea
vored to bring its provisions as neatly °s pos
sible in accordance with what 1 understood
to he your views, and ralher hoped than
expected your approval. I knew the extent
to which you were committed on the question.
I knew tlie perlinacity with which you ad
hered lo your expressed opinions, and I
dreaded from the first the most disastrous
consequences, when the project of compro
mise which I presented at an early day was
rejected.
It is equally a matter of justice to you and
lo nysell lo say that the bill winch I reported
lo the two Houses of Congress at the com
mencement of the session, in obedience to
ilieir call, was modified so as to meet your
approbation. You may no’, it is true, have
read the lull throughout, and examined every
part ol it; hut the itilh fundamental article,
Which bionmo llio c.ntoouoJ U.i.i of |>. in
ciple, was freely discussed between us, and
it was understood and unequivocally sanc
tioned by yourself. The last clause in the
bill, aiso, which contained a reservation of
power iu Congress, was inserted on the 9m
of June in your presence, and with your ap
probation; though you at the time told me
that, in giving your sanction to the bill, you
would accompany it with an explanation of
your understanding of that first clause.
In this condition of things, though I grcaiiv
regretted your veto on the bill as it passed
the two Houses of Congress, and though 1
foresaw the excitemeutaml agitation which
it would produce among the People; yet,
considering the changes which the bill had
undergone in its passage, and its variance
from the one you had agreed to sanction, 1
could not find in that act enough to disturb
the confidential relations which existed be
tween us. I was disposed to attribute this
act, Ira light witli mi.-cnief as it was, to pure
and honorable motives, and to a conscientious
cjnv.clion on your part that tiie hill in some
of its provisions, eonflicfed with tiie Constitu
tion. But tha: op: ton of your course on the
bill winch has just been retu. tied to Congress
with your second veto, 1 do not and cannot
entertain. Recur t ■ what has passed be
tween us with respect to it, and you will at
once perceive tiiat such opinion is impossible.
On the morning o! the 16th of August, I
caiied at vour chamber, and Ibtuid you pie
paring tiie first veto message, to be despatched
to the Senate, l iie Secretary of War cajue
in also, and you read a potion of the message
to us. He observed u.at, though the veto
would create a <xreat sensation iu Congress,
yet lie Thought tiie minds of our friends belter
prepared lor it than they were some days
ago, and he hoped it would be calmly re
ceived, especially as it did not shut out ail
hope of a bank. To this you replied, that
you really thought the re ought to be no diffi
culty about it; that you had sufficiently indi
cated in your veto message what kind of a
bank you would approve, and tiiat Congress
might, if they saw fit, pas such a one in three
days.
The 13th being tl re day for our regular
Cabinet meeting, we as embled, ail except
Messrs. Crittenden and Granger, and you told
us tiiat you had had a long conversation with
Messr.-. Berrien and Sergeant, who professed
to come iu behalf of tiie Whigs of the two
Houses to endeavor to strike out some meas
ure which would be generally acceptable.
That you had your doubts about the propri
tty of conversing with them yourself, and
thought it more proper that you should com
mune with them through your constitutional
advisers. You expressed a wisii tint the
whole subject should be postponed till tiie
next session of Congress. You spoke of the
delay iu the Senate of tiie consideration of
your veto message, and expressed anxiety as
to the tone and temper which the debate
would assume.
Mr. Badger said that on inquiry he was
happy to find that the best temper prevailed
in tlie two Houses. He believed tiiey were
perlectly ready to take up the bill reported
by the Secretary of the Treasury, and pass
it at once. You replied, “ Talk not to me of
Mr. Ewing’s bill; it contains that odious fea
ture of local discounts which I have repudia
ted in my message.” I then said to you, “ j
have iio doubt, sir, that the House, having
ascertained your views, will pass a bill in con
formity to tiiem, provided they can be satis
fied that it would answer the purposes of the
Treasurv, and relieve ‘the country.” You
ihen said, “Cannot my Cab.net see that this
is brought about? Y"ou must stand by me
in this emergency. Cannot you see that a
bill passes Congress such as I can approve
without inconsistency?” I declared again my
belief that such a bill might he passed. And
you then said to me. “■What do you un
derstand to be my opinions? Slate them, so
that I may see that there is no misapprehen
sion about them.”
“THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.”
I then said that I understood \ou to be of
opinion that Congress might charier a bank
in the District ol Columbia, giving it its loca
tion here. To this you asssented. That
they might authorize such hank to establish
offices of discount and deposite in the several
Slates with the absent of Hie States To tins
you replied, ••Don’t name discounts: they
have been the source of the most abominable
corruptions, and are wholly unnecessary to
enable the bank to discharge its duties to the
country and Government.”
I observed in reply that I was proposing
nothing, hut simply endeavoring to slate what
I had understood to be your opinion as to the
powers which Congress might constitutionallj
confer on a bank; that on that point I stout
correcied. I then proceeded to say that I
understood you to be ol opinion that Con
gress might authPiize such hank to establish
agencies in the several Slates, with power to
deal in bills of exchange, without ihe asseiit
ol” ihe Slates, to which you replied, “ Yes, if
they be foreign bills, or hills drawn in one
State and pay;* hie iu another. That is aii tiie
power necessary lor transmitting tiie public
funds and regulating exchanges and the cur
rency.”
Mr. Websier then expressed, in strong
terms, his opinion that such a charter would
answer all just purposes of Government and
be satisfactory to tiie People; and declared
iiis preference for it over any which had been
proposed, especially as it dispensed with the
assent of the Slates to tiie creation of an in
stitution necessary for carrying on tiie fiscal
operations of Government, lie examined it
at some length, both as to its constitutionality
and its influence on the currency and exchan
ges, in all which views you expressed your
concurrence, desired that such a bill should
be introduced, and especia'ly that it should
go into the hands of some of your friends. To
my inquiry whether Mr. Sergeant would be
agreeable to you, you teplied that he would.
You especially requested Mr. Webster and
myself to communicate with Messrs. Berrien
and Sergeant on tiie subject, to whom you
said you had promised to address a note, but
you doubted not that this personal communi
cation would be equally satisfactory. You
desired us, also, in communicating with those
gentlemen,- not to commit you personally, lest,
this being recognized as your measure, it
might be made a subject of comparison to
vour prejudice in tiie course of discussion.
You and Mr, Websier then conversed about
tiie particular wording of t;.e 16th fundamen
tal article, containing tiie grant of power to
deal in exchanges, and of the connection in
which this grant should lie introduced ; voii
also spoke of the name of the institution, de
siring that that should he changed. To 1 his
I objected, as it would probably he made a
subject of ridicule, but you insisted that there
was much in a name, and litis institution
ought not to be called a hank. Mr. Webster
undertook to adapt it in tiiis partii uhr to
vour wishes. Mr. Beii then observed to Mr.
Webster and myself that we had no time to
lose; that if this were not immediately attend
ed to, another bill, less acceptable, might bi
got up and reported. We tiiat we
would lose no time. Mr. Webster accord
ingly called on Messrs. Berrien anil Sergeant
immediately, and I waited on them by his
appointment at b o’clock on the same day,
and agreed upon the principles of the b 11 in
acoor.iut.au j-rtm- expressed wishes.--
And I am apprised of the fact, though it did
not occur in mv presence, that after the bill
was drawn up, and before it was reported,
it was seen and examined by yourself: that
your attention was specially called to the 16th
fundamental article: that on full examination
you concurred in its provisions: that at tiie
same time its name was so modified as to
meet your approbation: and the hill was’ re
ported and passed, in all essential particulars,
as it was when it came through your hands.
You asked Air. Webster and myself each to
prepare and present you an argument touch
ing the constitutionality of the bill; and before
those arguments could be prepared and read
by you, you declared, as I tieard and believe,
to gentlemen, Members of the House, tlitijl
you would cut oH your right hand rather than
approve it. At’ler this new resolution was
taken, you asked and earnestly utged the
members of your Cabinet to postpone the bill
but you would neither give yourself, nor suf
fer them to give, any assurance of your future
course, in case of such postponement. By
some of us, and 1 was myself one, the efloj-t
was made to giatifv your wishes, in the only |
way m winch it could be done with p oprielv ;
that ts, by obtaining the general concurrence
of the Whig Members of tiie two Houses in
the postponement. It failed, as I have reason
to believe, because you would give no assu
rance that the delay was not sought as a
means and occasion for hostile movements.
During ihis\easnn of deep feeling and earnest
exertion on our part, while we were zealously
devoting our talents and influence to serve
arid to sustain you, the very secrets of our
Cabinet councils made their appearance in
tin infamous paper pr.tiled in a neighboring
city, the columns of which were daily charged
with flattery of yourself and foul abuse ol
your Cabinet. Ail tins 1 bore; for I felt that
mv services, so long as they could avail, were
due to tiie nation —to that great and mag
nanimous People whose suiirages elevated
your predecessor to the station which you
now fi i, and whose united voices approved
his act when lie summoned us around him, to
he his counsellors; and I felt it at what was
due to his memory, to tiie injunctions which
he left us in his last dying words, and to the
People, whose servants we were, had not alt
been performed until every means was tried,
i and every hope had tailed of carrying out tiie
true principles upon which tiie mighty move
ment was founded that elevated him and you
to power.
Tins bill, framed and fashioned according
to your own suggestion of which I and ano
ther member of your Cabinet were made by
vou tiie agents and tiie negotiators, was
| passed by large majorities through the two
I Houses ol Congress, and sent to you, and you
j rejected it. Important as was the part which
■j 1 hail taken, at your request in the organiza
tion of tins bill, and deeply as I was commit
ted fbryonr action upon it, you never consult
ed me on the subject of the veto message.—
You did not even refer to it in conversation,
and the first notice I had of its contents was
derived from rumor.
And to me, at least, you have done noth ng
to wipe away the personal indignity arising
out of (lie act. 1 gathered, it is true, from
your conversation, shortly after the hill had
passed the House, that you had a strong pur
pose to reject >t, hut nothing was said like
softening or apology to me, either in reference
to myself or to those with whom I had com
municated at your request, and who had act
ed themselves, and induced the two Houses
to act upon the faith of that communication.
And, strange as it may seem, the veto mes
sage attacks in an especial manner the very
provisions which were inserted at your re
quest; and even the nare ofthe corporation,
whieh was not only agreed to by you, but
especially changed to meet your expressed
wishes, is made the subject of your criticism.
Different men might view this transaction in
different poinis of light, but, under these cir
cumstances, as a matter of persona! honor, it
would be hard fur me to remain of your coun
sel, to seal mv kps and leave utexplamed and
undisclosed vvhete iies in mis transaction the
departiue from straightforwardness aid can
dor. So far indeed from admitting the en
couragement which you gave to this uiil in
ns inception, and explaining and excusing
your sudden violent hostility towards it, you
tlnow into your veto message an interrogato
ry equivalent to an assertion that it was such
a bill as you had already declared could not
receive your sanction. Such is the obvious
1 eflect of die first interrogatory on tiie second
I age. It lias all the force of an assertion
J.itliout its open fairness. I have met and
refuted tins, tiie necessary inference from
your language, in mv preceding statement,
ihe correctness of which* you, 1 am surr, will
not call in question.
Your veto to the first bill you rested on
constitutional ground and the high convic
tions of conscience'; and no man, in my opin
ion, had a right to question your sincerity. I
so said, and 1 so acted, for, through all the
contest and collision that arose out ol tiiat act,
you had my adherence and support. But
how is it with respect to this? The subject
of a hank is not new to you; it is more than
twenty years that you have made it an object
of consideration and study, especially in its
connection with constitutional powers of the
General Governmennt. You, therefore, could
not be, and you were not, taken unprepared
on this question. The bill which I reported
to Congress, with your approbation, at the
commencement of the session, had the clause
relating to agencies, and the power lo deal in
exchanges, as strongly developed as the one
vou have now rejected, or equally without
the assent of the States. You referred spe
cially and with approbation lo that clause,
many days after, in a conversation held in the
Department of State. You sanctioned it in
this particular bill as detailed above. And
no doubt was thrown out on the subject by
you, in my hearing, or my knowledge, until
liie loiter of Mr. Butts came to your hands.
Soon after the reading of that letter, you
threw out strong intimations that you would
veto the bill if tl were not postponed. That
letter 1 did and do most unequivocally con
demn, but it did not affect the constitutional
ity of the hill, or justify you in rejecting it on
that ground: it could affect only the expedi
ency of your action ; and whatever you may
now believe as to the scruples existing in your
mind, in this and in a kindred source there is
strong ground to believe they have their
origin.
If I be right in this, and 1 doubt not I am,
here is a great public measure demanded by
tiie country, passed upon and approved by the
Representatives of the States and the People,
rejected by you as President on grounds hav
ing no origin in conscience, and no reference
to the public good. The rejection of this
measure, too, continues the purse with the
sword in the hands of the Executive, from
which we strove to wrest it in Ihe contest
which elevated your predecessor and you to
power. I cannot abandon the principles for
which, during all my political career, I have
struggled; especially I cannot be one of the
instruments by which the Executive wields
these combined, accumulated, and dangerous
powers.
These, sir, are the reasons for the impor
tant step which I have felt it my duty to take,
and I submit them as its justification.
I am. vci y reSpecilUlH , yours,
To the President. T. EWING.
To the Editors of the National lnte ligcncer.
Washington, Sept. 20, 1841.
Gentlemen ; Doubts have been attempted
to be cast upon the correctness of Mr. Ewing’s
Matefiient in relation to the part taken by the
President in getting up the F.seal Corporation
B.l!, by urging that there was an impropriety
m making it which ought to deprive it of
credit. There ate circumstances in tnis case
distinguishing it from all others that I recollect
of tiie kind. It grows out of a matter of of
ficial business, tiansacted between high public
tunctionaries, and is of public or genetal con
cern. The public and open conduct of one
ot these high functionaries is in direct opposi
tion to what the other had, by his express di
rection and authority, affirmed as to Ins inten
tions and purposes. There can, I humbly
submit, be no serious question in such a case
upon liie point of personal propriety, when
tiie injured parly seeks to vindicate his honor
by disclosing tiie truth. The obligations ari
sing out of confidential relations, in piivate
or public fliers, are founded in mutual trust.
He tiiat disregards his own confidential jiietig
ges and engagements cannot allege ihe obli
gation of confidence, in the same transaction,
against the natural right, of self and •fence be
longing to tiie injured party. For any tiling
that cm ever be known to the contrary, it
may have been tiie object oJ the original
pit dire or engagement to sacrifice those who
trusted and were misled by it. For these
reasons, 1 do not hesitate to furnish, (or publi
cation, tiie accompanying statement, which
contains ad the facts and circumstances with
in my knowledge, that occur to me as being
material, connected with the subject of differ
ence. Ido this as an act of justice not only
to Mr. Ewing, who requested it, hut to mv
sdl anti the public.
1 avail myself of this occasion to sav tiiot
I have, at no time, regarded a difference of
opinion between tfie President and myseif in
relation to a Bank, however important the
subject, as sufficient of itself lo justify a re
signation of the office which I lately he!J in
tiie Executive Administration of the Govern
ment. Nor was it because tiie President
thought projier to trifle with or mislead his
Cabinet, as tl.ete is but too much reason to
believe lie intended to do, in the affair of tiie
last Fiscal Bank Bill, that l resigned my place.
There were other, and some of them pre-ex
, istiug causes, for such a course, which many
will regard as sufficient of themselves; and
which could not have been overlooked. But
(t was possible to explain or remove them,
and .therefore they were not properly acted
upon. The last act of the President, howev
er, was conclusive of the true character of ail
tiie other occurrences or circumstances which
had previously awakened curiosity or excited
distrust.
I shall, at my leisure, state the reasons more
at large which impelled me to the course I
have thought proper to adopt, and at the
same time furnish a narrative ot all the causes,
so far as they fell under my observation, wh ch
have resulted in the separation of Mr. Tvler
from the party which brought him into power,
and the breaking up of the Whig Administra
tion.
I am. respectfuilv, vour obedient servant,
JOHN BELL.
Messrs. Gales & Seatox.
STATEMEFT.
I called to see the President on official bu
siness on the morning (Monday, lbth August)
before the first Veto Message was sent in. I
found hitn reading the Message to the Secre
tary of the Treasury. He did me the honor
to read the material passages to me. Upon
reading that part of it which treats of the su
perior importance and value of the business
done by the late Bank of the United States in
furnishing exchanges between tire different
States and sections of the Union, I was so
strongly impressed with the idea that he meant
to intimate that he would have no objection to
[NUMBER as.
a bank which should be restricted :o deal in
exchanges, and interrupted him in the read.ng,
and asked it I was to understand, by what he
had just read, that he was prepared to give his
assent to a Bank in the District of Columbia,
with offices or agencies in the Stales, having
the privilege, without their assent, to deal in
exchanges between them, and in foreign bills.
He promptly replied that he thought experi
ence had show n the necessity of such a pow
er in the Government. 1 could not restrain
the immediate expression of my gratification
upon hearing this avowal. 1 said to the Pres
dent at once, that what i had feared would lead
to fatal dissensions among our friends, I now
regarded as rather fortunate than otherwise :
that his veto of the bill then before him would
lead to the adoption of a much better one. 1
also congratulated him upon the happy circum
stances of the delay which had taken place in
sending in his Veto Message. The heat and
violence which might have been expected if
the Veto had been sent in immediately upon
the passage of the bill, would now be avoided.
Time had been given for cool reflection, and
as the Message did not exclude the idea of a
Bank in some form, no unpleasant consequen
ces would be likely to follow. He expressed
his great surprise that there should be so much
excitement upon the subject; said that he had
had liis mind made up on the bill before him
from the first, but had delayed his Message
that there should be time for the excitement
to wear off; that nothing could be more easy
than to pass a bill which would answer all
necessary purposes ; that it could be done in
three days. The next day, having occasion
to see the President again, he requested me
to furnish him with such information as the
War Department afforded of the embarrass
ments attending the transfer and disbursement
of the public revenue to distant points on this
frontier, in Florida, &c. He at the same time
requested me to draw’ up a brief statement of
my views upon the subject, showing the prac
tical advantages and necessity of such a fiscal
institution as lie had thought of proposing.
Such information as l could hastily collect
from the heads of Hie principal disbursing
bureaus of the Department 1 handed to him
on the evening of the same day, knowing that
time was of the utmost importance in the state
in which the question then was. He received
the statements I gave him with manifest in
difference, and alarmed me by remarking that
he began to doubt whether lie would give his
assent (as I understood him) to any bank.
The next day (Wednesday, 18th August)
Wfis the stated time for the weekly meeting of
tlie Cabinet wi ll the President. Mr. Web
ster, Mr. Ewing, and myself, went at 10 o’-
ctock in the morning, anti were informed that
the President was engaged with Messrs. Ber-
rien, Sergeant, and I think Mr. Dawson, of
Georgia. We waited until they retired, and
the President made his appearance about three
quarters of an hour afterwards. Mr. Badger
came in soon after the President joined us.
Messrs. Crittenden and Granger did not at
tend. The conference which ensued was a
long one—lasting two hours at least, according
tc my recollectjon- I cannot pretend to de
tail all that was said ; neither can I undertake
to give the language employed by the Presi
dent upon every point, nor of the members of
Cabinet. I can only state the substance of
what was said upon those points which most
attracted my attention.
The President commenced by staling that
he had been waited upon that morning by a
Committee of Members of Congress, who de
sired to know his views upon the subject of
a bank—such a one as he could sanction. He
had given them no satisfaction upon that sub
ject, but bad informed them that, he would first
consult wiih his constitutional advisers—his
Cabinet—‘through whom he thought it most
regular that his views should be communica
ted. He asked the opinion of his Cabinet
upon the correctness of the ground he had
taken ; remarking at the same time, that the
habit of expressing his views to Members of
Congress upon subjects of so much interest
subjected him to great embarrassment and
much misrepresentation. That question be
ing disposed of, the President adverted briefly,
but without much connexion, to the relation
in which lie stood to the Bank question, and
his disposition to go as far as he could to com
ply with the wishes of his friends. He spoke
of the relation tiiat existed between him and
his Cabinet, and how necessary it was that he
should have their support. Would they stand
by him 1 He much preferred that the whole
subject should be postponed until the next
session ; but if it was necessary to act now,
ho thought a plan might he devised which,
with tlioir co-n|ifirntion, rnfoht bo carried
through. He wondered why the Senate con
tinued to postpone acting upon his Veto Mes
sage, which was yet to be disposed off. He
supposed it might be to hold it as a rod over
his head ; and had some doubts wheiber it
was proper that he should consider further
upon the subject until the Senate had decided
what they would do with the hill then before
them. Someone present assured him that the ‘
postponement of the question pending in the
Senate was intended to give time for reflection, j
and to prevent an intemperate debate.
The President then gave the outline of such !
a bank or fiscal institution as lie thought lie J
could sanction. It was to be in th£ D.strict j
of Columbia to have the privilege of issuing!
its own notes, receive money on deposite and j
to deal in bills of exchange between the States j
and between the United States and foreign j
States. But he wished to have the opinion of I
his Cabinet upon it. His own consistency
and repu afion must be looked to. II? conn-;
dered his Cabinet bis friends, who must stand
by and defend whatever he did upon the sub- i
ject. lie appealed particularly to Mr. Web
ster for his opinion upon the point of consis-!
tency ; and whether there was not a clear :
distinction between the old Bank of the United
Stales—a bank of discount and deposite—and
the one he now thought of proposing ; and j
whether the constitutional question was not
different. He reminded us that, in all his
former speeches and reports, he had taken thej
ground that Congress had no constitutional i
power to charter a bank which had the power
of local discount. Mr. Webster pointed out j
the distinction between the two plans in a j
manner which appeared to be satisfactory to j
him. The substance of what he said was, as i
I understood him, as follows : He had a deci- j
ded preference for a bank upon the plan then 1
proposed over either of those which had been j
previously spoken of. He reminded the Pres-1
ident that he had expressed his preference for,
a bank which should be restricted in its deal-,
ings to the bills of exchange, when certain,
gentlemen from the city of New York were
present several weeks before. He then
thought, as he did now, that it would answer
all useful purposes. One ground of this pre-!
ference was, and it had great weight with him, ;
that the plan did not contemplate the consent 1
of the States as, in any way or at any time,
necessary to its existence or efficiency. lie’
thought the plan proposed at the commence-j
ment of the session generally known as Mr.
Ewing’s bill, as incongruous and objectionable j
on this ground. His general course of think
ing on such subjects led him to prefer that
whatever power this Government asserted, or
was authorised to assert, should be exercised
independently of State authority, and of the
interference of the States. He thought there
could be no doubt of the constitutional power
to charter such a bank as wa£ then proposed,
according to the President’s own mode of
flunking upon that subject, if lie understood
them. Certainly there was a clear distinction
between such a bank and the late Bank of the
United Stales. The one now proposed was
to be limited in it*; operations to such objects
as were clearly within some of the granted
powers of the Constitution, or such as were
cleatly necessary in the execution of others.
I’iie privilege of issuing its own notes, of
deal ng in exch mges, and of receiving moneys
on deposite, all appeared to have immediate
reference to or connexion with the power giv
en in the Constitution over commert e between
tiic Slates, over the currency and the neces
sary fiscal operations of tiie Government in
• tiie collection, safe-keeping, and disbursement
of the public revenue. These were all sub
jects of national, and not local or State con
! cent. The distinction between this plan and
the late Bank of the United States Jay in this;
: t:,e pr.vilege enjoyed by the old Bank, of deal
j ing in local paper, or discounting notes having
| no circulation, as it might be, but between the
diffeie.it States or commercial points of the
same city, had no connexion with the trade or
commerce between the States and remote
sections of the Union nor with the transfer of
the public mbuey from one point to another |
and it had, therefore, no necessafy connexion
with any of the great national objects for which
the bank was chartered; nor could it be
claimed as an incident to any of the great
powers given to Congress by the Constitution.
1 hat privilege, lie apprehended, was conferred
I upon tiie late bank from the belief that without
! it the stock of the bank could not be made
I profitable ; and it was therefore, considered as
a necessary incident to an institution which
was itself but the offspring of an incident
power. Experience, he thought, had shown
clearly that such a privilege was no longer
important or necessary. By confining the dis
counting privilege of tiie proposed bank to bills
of exchange between this country and foreign
States, and between the several States of the
Union, this objection would not lie against it.
Tiie President expressed his regret that he
had not used the words “bank of discount and
deposite” in his late Message, so that the dis
tinction lie now took might be clearly inferred
from that Message, and lie could not then be
charged with inconsistency. Mr. Badger said
lie thought nothing would have been gained
bv the use of the terms “bank of discount and
deposite” in his message ; for, as to the charge
of inconsistency, it might, and probably would,
be made against him for party effect, if he
sanctioned the bill then proposed by him, in
asmuch as dealing in or buying bills of ex
change would be discounting, and to that ex
tent make it a bank of discount.
When all the material points appeared to
be disposed of, and the members of the Cabi
net present had expressed their decided appro
bation of the plan the President had suggest
ed, he said that, after all he would notTanc
tion a bank in the form just agreed upon, if he
supposed that it would be made the ground
work or basis of a bank with all the powers
of the late Bank of the United State'-. He
never would give his sanction to the power of
local discount. He feared that, at the next or
succeeding sessions of Congress, the Whigs
would be bringing forward amendments eiD
grafting this power upon any charter he might
now approve; and he appealed to his Cabinet
to know if they would stand by him, anu use
their influence in preventing any such move
ments while his Administration lasted. Mr.
Webster and others gave him all proper as
surances upon this point
The President thought a capital of fifteen
millions of dollars would be sufficient.
A name, he said, was important. What
should it be, Fiscal Institute would do. It was
objected to, and the name of Fiscal Bank pre
ferred by a member of the Cabinet. He re
plied that there was a great deal in a name,
and he did not wish the word bank to appear
in the bill.
The President then inquired if he was un
derstood. He said there must be no misun
derstanding of what he proposed to do. Ad
dressing himself to Mr. Ewing, he asked him
if he thought he understood his views fully;
Mr. Ewing undertook to recapitulate. He
understood the President to have no objection
to a bank in the District of Columbia, with
offices of discount aid deposite in the States,
! with their assent. The President interrupted
him abruptly, by saying be did not understand
him at all: he was not willing to sanction any
such bank. I understood his objection to be
to tbe power of local discount. I supposed
Mr. Ewing intended to say that he understood
tiie President had no constitutional objections
to sucli a bank. Mr. Ewing, however, without
explaining, went on to say, that he now un
derstood the President to have no objection to
a bank in the District of Columbia, with the
power to issue its own notes, receive moneys
on deposrte, with offices or agencies in the
States having the privilege, without their as-*
sent, of dealing in bills of exchange drawn in
one State or Territory and made payable in
anoiher State or Territory of the Union, and
in bills of the United States and foreign States
or Nations.
The President said he was then understood.
He requested Mr. Webster particularly to
communicate with tbe gentlemen who had
waited upon him that morning, and to let them
know the conclusions to which he had come,
i le also requested Mr. Ewing to aid in getting
the subject properly before Congress. He re
quested that they would take care not to com
mit him by wliatthey said to members of Con
gress. They might express their confidence
and belief that such a bill as had just been
agreed upon would receive his sanction; but
it should be as matter of inference from his
Veto Message and his general views. He
thought he might request that the measure
should be put into the hands of some friend of
his own upon whom he could rely. Mr. Ser
geant was named, and he expressed himself
satisfied that he should have charge of it.
He also expressed a wish to see the bill before
it was presented to the House, if it could be
so managed.
I then said, addressing myself to Messrs.
Webster and Ewing, that no time was to be
lost in communicating with gentlemen of Con-’
gresthat there was danger that JVJr.Ewing’s
bill would be taken up and reported to the
House immediately after the bill sent back to
the Senate with the President’s objections was
disposed of.
As the members of the Cabinet rose to de
part. or just before the President requested
Messrs. Webster and Ewing, as they had
turned their attention more particularly to the
su -jeci.to furnish him with written arguments
up’ n :he points they had been discussing. lie
warned them to fortify his opinion, and lay up
for tui ure reference.
JOHN BELL.
W ashing ion, Sept. 20, 1841.
Harrison Promises, anp their Realiza
tion. —At this time last year tbe stock market
here and abroad was much influenced by the
then approaching presidential election. High
hopes were entertained here, and held out in
London, that with the success of the whig
party such measures would he adopted as
would immediately restore the credit of their
securities. This illusion was shared in an ex
traordinary degree hy all those connected
with speculative property, state, corporate or
real. Letters from abroad were Written,
promising higher prices as soon as General
Harrison should be elevated to the presidential
chair. Contracts were paraded in the papets
here lor produce, at prices depending upon
the event of that election. What has been
the result? The year has rolled round, that
election was successful for the whig party;
but how has it answered expectation ? Real
estate is now as dead as ever, company stocks
have sunk to the lowest eho, and explosion,
alter explosion takes place everyday.— N. Y.
Herald, Sept. 18.