Newspaper Page Text
Vol , VL
liarten <oas tttt
ED AND PUBLISHED
BY
F. GRANDISON.
(ON THE BAY)
annum, playable in advance.
ient, not exceedin g fourteen lines
•ents for the first insertion—
ten and a half, each succeeding
ters on business to the edit or
paid.
ed for the National Intelligencer.
TO THE EDITORS.
Washington Mat 24, 1824.
I have been requested, by Gov
s to hand you the enclosed corn
addressed to the President,
Secretary of War,-for publica
nsertion of it, as soon as you
eniencefind roomipthe National
11 confer a favor,
lemen, your obedient servant,
EWD. F. TATNALL.
ss 8c Seaton. /•
—r ——’
e Department, Georgia, 7
i dgeville, 24th April, 1824 $
lot, refrain from the expression
9e at the late communication,
•esident has thought proper to
ngress on the subject of the
orgia against the United States,
icles ot agreement and cession
1802. Assuming, as it does,
riiich 1 controvert —asserting
I cannot permit myself to ad
ies my duty, in the, recess of the
of Georgia, to enter my pro
fof the people of this State,
, in the same manner as 1 be
ould'themselves do, if they ,liad
ty of speaking by their immedi
atives. The avowal of these
le assertion of these facts, in
itruction of the compact be
ia and the United States —make
oid—andleaveno alternative to
pquiescence orresistence.lf nul
act ofone party, the other party
uid both are free to declare the
if their original rights. Will
:nt make for Georgia or for the
s? Give us back our lands—
back your money—and, with
er upon the States of Alabama
pi, we will run the risk of con
them the best bargain we can.
a bettor bargain for Georgia
: execution of which we urge
neral government. But, be
will have to ask a little money
und to Georgia the five mill
ou gratuitously presented to
ns—-the price of the pacifica
ingland—and which you paid
feeds of our lands. And is it
Is it discovered, at last, that
io claim either upon the Uni
upon the Indians, under the
102? That it is all a dream, a
tasroa, with which the deluded
leorgia have been plagueing
>r twenty years? And, l pray
other construction is the Mes
ress susceptible? Are not the
treated as allodial proprietors
spendent people, having plen
em dominium, and seized per
; and that, therefore, Georgia
ing but at their will and pleas
riited States promised in the
xtinguish, for Georgia, the In
> the tahds reserved, as soon as
ne peaceably and on reasona
’he President, in his message,
s into a stipulation to do, in this
ever it might please the In
line to do. Os what value was
ition to Georgia? She could
by it, which she had not, with
rgia might, according to the
reat the United States to ask
le Indians, to sell peaceably and
e terms, and if the Indians
swer, No, never! the just claims
ere satisfied, now and forever.
;h a stipulation heard of before,
pact between government and !
or in contract between man ;
dbrgia has not required of the
5 to invade indian rights, to sa
ns,- she has only asked of the
i to do for her what she has done
cquirelndian lands whensoever
er she wanted them; employ the
or its, in the folfj)ment of trea
, which you habitually employ
:s, without any such obligation:
is you did in the case of the
s and others.
President says he and his pre
ve invariably done so, may he
;otten the treaty of 1814, when
ig word to Gen. Jackson would
ed for us the Creek lands within
i at least as good terms as it did
er lands for the United States,
i. 1 :
.appeal to the records of your office, sir,
le vouchers of the fact, that, when that
ty was-negotiated, the obligations of the
ted States were no more remembered,
n if the compact of 1802 had never exis
. Make an estimate from the same re
ds of what you, since 1802, have acquir
froni the Indians for yourselves, and com
e it wjth what, linger the pledges of the
eement, you have acquired for Georgia,
e difference will be about as 100 to an
t;and yet, it is asserted, that the United
tes have sought every opportunity to
iil the stipulations of the compact,
and may I ask the favor of you, sir, to put
ir finger on that particular part of them
ere it is shown that a proposition to ex
DARIEN ■ GAZETTE.
1 tinguish claims in your behalf has been an
swered by the potent monosyllable, No! and
that you have been content. The history
of the Plymouth colony, and of William
Penn, might have been illustrated by the
patience with which such an answer had
been borne, and the government of the
United States have sever pretended, until
now, that it would have been borne at all.
Now we turn over anew leaf, the principle
of the old treaty of Philadelphia, the quid’
pro quo principle, must govern ajl treaties, ‘
and satisfy all consciences. Would it had
been so from the beginning? I confess to
you: sir, I do noflike this kTqd,oflialf bones
. ty. If the principle of Penn’s treaty was
right, that of every bfljer which followed
was wrong, and he who has done wrongs is
in from of COncience bound to get back to
right. To undo, promptly and directly,
what you have urtrighteously done is a dic
tate, I think, of the Platonic and Socratic
school—undoubtedly that of a much higher,
the Christian. Begin therefore with Geor
gia, if you please, to unsettle all that has
been settled, but let -not Georgia be the
first and the last. Say, in a spirit of repen
tance, that what we have taken unlawfully
we wii restore. that the edict of Pope Alex
ander, of pious memory shall pass for no
thing; the proclamations afld charters of di
vers Kings of England, for nothing; priori
ty of occupation, propriety of civilization,
priority of Christianity, all nothing; Span
ish precedent, which, by-* the law of force,
took every tiling, and gave in return stripes
and blow3, of cource for nothing; and be
seeching the forgiveness of sins, return to
the principles and practices of William Penn.
But then, is not atonement still due to the
aboriginal? How (if you take the rule of
the message for your, guide) can you repair
the wrongs, of all kinds, done him since the
landing on the rock at Plymouth! Your
whole substance’ would - not compensate
them by one half But, sir, not even the
Puritans and the Quakers will consent to
give up now; and, if things are to remain as
we find them, why is Georgia to be selec
ted for a propitiatory offering? It is a fact
unquestionable, that, for 15 or 20 years
past, well knowing your obligations to
Georgia under the compact, you have en
couraged the Cherokees to make progress
in all the arts of civilized life, of first neces
sity and comfort, within the acknowledged
limits of Georgia. They have been reer
ing flocks and herds, constructing comfor
table buildings, making agricultural im
provements of various kinds, organizing a
government adapted to the grade of civiliza
tion they have reached, with schools and
religious establishments, appurtenant, Bcc.
And you encouraged the begirming and
progress of these things with certain fore
knowledge they could by no possibly en
dure. They have been taught by the Uni
ted states to value them as they ought; if
they had not been taught altogether at our
expense, and without onr consent, we
would have had no objection. But this has
been the sole cause of the unwillingness of
any part of the Cherokees to move. The
United States, therefore create the cause.
The Cherokees avail themselves of it, to
turn their backs upon your propositions for
negociation, and you have no means of es
caping the difficulty but by asserting for
the Cheorkees rights which they* have not,
and denying rights to Georgia which you
ought to knoA she has. *
1 do most earnestly wish, sir, that this sub
ject could be disposed of forever. It never
recurs, but the heart sickens at the recollec
tion of the crimes connected with it, And
are the wrongs of Georgia never to have an
end? When the proclamation of ’64 gave
to Georgia the country between the Atlantic
and the Mississippi, it was thought we’ took
something by it—it was not believed that it
gave us what we and all mankind had befo're
the right to ask the Indians to sell lands in
fair market; we not only thought differently,
but acted differently. We knew that the
whole country was’ ours in virtue of the ve
ry best kind of title then recognized by civi
| lized Europe, and paying proper respect to
the occupation of the Indians, we exercised
all the rights of sovereigns and masters, unil
Mr. Adams conceived a notion that-part of
the country belonged to him. So he said to
us, that part which you occupy you may
keep, the rest I will take to myself. So, ac
j cordingly, he sat dowh with his army on the
; banks ofthe Mississippi, and erected a ter
| ritorial government. Georgia was in no
! condition to resist—she began therefore to
’ supplicate—from supplication she passed by
; her effort of great courage, to romonstrate
! and enter suddenly into the articles of agree
; meat and cession where we still find her; but
!in the mean time, what had happened? I
blush to think of it—the evils of that sore
‘ and nameless iniquity, are felt at this hour in
: all the ramifications of society—the instiga
| tors and plotters of it you paid handsomely
—how—l will not say—the secret is yet to
Ibe revealed—the purity of the President
has no doubt kept him a stranger to it to this
j moment. But, after all, having proceeded in
| a course of piece meal execution oftlte arti
; clcs for 20 years; why do you stop short? and
I say to us, all this has been gratuitous—we
owed you nothing, and we have paid you a
great deal, your restlessness and inquietude
and importunities, our harassments and per
plexities and expenses, have been tne result
of false conceits and hallucinations; and fhey
must have an end. Accordingly, it is recom
mended to end them, by proposing a remov
al of the Indians with their consent; not be
cause the the United States are bound by
the compact to take this or any other meas
ure to place Georgia at once in possession of
her territory—but because of considerations
confined exclusively to the welfare and
prosperity of the Indians, l am, notwith
standing, gratified’ that the President and
myself, differing unfortunately on other
points, should conenr in this as a measure in
dispensable to the improvement of the con-
DARIEN, (GEORGIA,)- <£gual ant! €jc&ct UESDAY, JUNE 29, 1824.
dition of the Indians, and necessary to secure
their permanent peace and happiness. But,
why this could not have been accomplished
without the intervention of congress 1 cannot
easily conceive. Atreatyfor exchange oflands
would seem tome to be as obviously within
the compass of Executive powers, as a trea
ty for the purchase of lands or any other ob
ject. If the instrument of persuasion is the
only admissible one for the attainment of
.the end, I do not know how Congress can,
■by any act of theirs, make that which is al
ready in the hands of the President, more
efficient for ydur or our purposes- Delay is
certain to follow, andanxious as we are to know
our fnte, if is delay we deprecate. The first
detachment from the body of the Cherokees
moved across the Mississippi on the naked
promise or suggestion of ; Mr. Jefferson—a
majority of the Cherokees would do so now.
One more instance, if you please, of the
unkind and unfriendly treatment recently
received at the hands of the United States.—
The President, in the course of the present
session, has considered it his duty to recom
mend to Congress to make provision for the
Massachusetts miltia claims, which Congress
had hitherto refused to recognize, because,
with very few exceptions, that militia (in
the last war with England flagrante bello)
werfe arrayed against the constituted author
ities of the federal government. Georgia,
too, has militia claims against the federal gov
ernment, of some twenty or thirty years
’standing, which have been constantly urged
upon the justice of Cbngress. 1 remember
to have introduced them before the Senate,
.and so unexceptionable were they deemed
by that enlghtened body, that their .validity
was sanctioned without a dissenting voice.:—
They would have passed the House of Rep
resentstives also; but on their way fell into
bad company:, ibeyfell in with the Massa
chusetts claims, then most obnoxious, and
shared their fatfe. They were claims for
services faithfully and patriotically rendered
in defence of our frontier against the In
dians. They amount to §120,000 at least.—
When we press the United States for pay
ment, the answer is—These claims, and all
other claims of Georgia, were merged in the
articles of agreement and cession; and when
we go ,to look for the article in which this
supposed mersion is to be found, we will as
readily find it in that very important one
which gives to us the right to ask lands of
the Indians, and the Indians the corespond
ing right of answering, No! as in any other.
I will trouble you no farther on this un
pleasant subject. The causes which lead to
the expesitions and references contained in
this paper are not of my seeking: l would
willingly have avoided them. The absolute
denial of oar rights, as we understand, and
have long understood them, at the moment
when we believed they would have’ been
most respected, is a subject of mortification
and regret, So far as I participate these
feelings with my countrymen,-1 assure you,
sir, they are not the offspring of this day or
this hoar. Smarting under a sense of our
wrongs, within the first hour 1 set my foot on
the floor of the Senate Chamber, I had occa
sion to expose the wrongs of Georgia, and
to apprize the Senators that I would never
vote for an Indian treaty until the claims of
Georgia were satisfied. My convictions and
my feeling remain the same to this day.—
Nevertheless, my sentiments toward the
President are unchanged. Who can be ex
empt from error amid the cares and troubles
of such an office? What heart so callous as
not to pardon injuries inflicted by it? We
forgive; but our rights are still, our rights.—
At what time, and in what manner, they will
be asserted, must depend upon the Represen
tatives of the People.
Respectfully, yours obedient servant,
G. M. TROUP.
Hon. J. C. Calhoun, Sec’y of Pfar.
Albany, June 4.
Thfe following Ploclamation, we have re
ceived through the politeless of the Gover
nor, in permitting us to copy it at his office,
it having been previously sent to the official
organ of the Argus.— N. Dem.
1 PROCLAMATION
By JOSEPH C., YATES, Governor of the
State of N. York,. .
Whereas at the commencement of the late
Session of the Legislature, in January last, in
my Message to that honorable body, after
stating the practical operation of the Consti
tution of the United States, since its adop
tion, in reference to the choice of Electors
of President and Vice President throughout
the different states, 1 did communicate that
“as the subject had been recently brought
before Congress, it was to be expected that
another opportunity would shortly be pre
sented for the Legislature of this state to
sanction an amendment, not only establish
ing a uniform rulfe in the choice of Electors,
but also securing the desirable object of di
recting such choice to be made by the peo
ple;” at the same time declaring and believ
ing that a “a more propitious period evinc
ing its propriety and consequently affording
a more favorable prospect ot obtaining a con
stitutional number of the states to assent to
it, had not presented itself since the organi
zation ofthe government.”
And whereas, since the delivery of my said
message to the legislature, the subject above
referred to has been discussed in the Con
gress of the United States, and by one branch
thereof has been indefinitely postponed:—
And the said Congress having since adjourn
ed, without farther acting upon it, whereby
the just expectations of the people of this
state in respect to the said contemplated
amendment to the constitution of the United
States have been disappointed.
And whereas, a bill was introduced into
the honorable the assembly, and passed by
an almost unanimous vote, giving to the peo
ple the right of choosing the said electors of
President and Vice President of the United
States, and upon being sfent to the Senate,*
the select committee of that honorable body,
in concluding their report, did express an
opinion “that it would not be expedient to
pass the bill from the Assembly or any other,
changing the present mode of appointing
electors of President and Vice President of
the United Stales, or at least until the efforts
which were then seriously making in Con
gress to establish an uniform rule of appoint
ment by an amendment to the constitution
of the United States, by which the people
could elect by districts, had either terminat
ed in the adaption or rejection of such a
mendment by that body.” Whereupon a
majority of the honorable the Senate of this
state, did resolve as follows, to wit: “that it is
expedient to pass a law at tho present ses
sion of ftie Legislature, giving to the people
of this state the choice of electors of Presi
dent and Vice President, and by a general
ticket,” and afterwards resolved “that the
further consideration of the said bill be post
poned until the first Monday of Nov. next.”
And whereas, at the time the said bill was
postponed by the Senate of ibis state, the
subject of amending the constitution of the
U. States was still pending’before Congress.
And whereas since the postponement of
the said subject by one branch of the Legis
lature of this state, and the indefinite post
ponement thereof by the Senate of the U.
States, the people of this state appear to be
much excited and alarmed, that their un
doubted right to choose Electors of Presi
dent and Vice President of the United States
is still to be withheld from them.
And whereas since the adjournment of
Congress without having recommended any
amendment to the Constitution of the United
States, in relation to the premises; and from
the facts above specially recited, it is deem
ed necessary and proper to convene the Le
gislature at - an eariier period than the day to
which they 9tand adjourned, tc consider this
highly important subject, and to qniet the
minds of the people of this state.
Now, therefore, by virtue of the authority
vested in me by the fpurth section of the
third article of the Constitution, authorising
the Governor to convene the Legislature on
extraordinary occasions—l do by this my
proclamation, require the members of the
Senate and Assembly of this state to con
vene as a I egislature, in their respective
chambers at the Capitol, in the city of Alba
ny, on Monday the second day of August
next, at noon, instead of the day to which
they now stand adjourned; then and there
to consider th important subject referred to
in this proclamation, and to transact, all such
other business as to the said Legislature shall
appertain and by them be deemed expedi
ent to be done.
In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe
my name, and affix the privy seal of the
• state, at the city of Albany, the second
day of June, in the year of our Lord
1824. JOSEPH C. YATES.
By the Governor,
C. Y. Lansing, Private Secretary.
From the National Intelligencer, 1 0th inst.
FROM ARKANSAS.
We received an entire month’s Gazettes
from Arkansas, by the mail of yesterday.—
They furnish the following articles:—
Little Rock, May 4.
The Quapaw Indians. —Ou£ village has
been enlivened, for some days past, by the
presence of all the Chiefs and most oft the
men, of this nation of Indians, amounting to
79 persons in all, who came here for the pur
pose of receiving, from the Governor, the
Annuities due them for the two last years.
The sum due the nation, amounting to one
thousand dollars, was paid to the Chiefs yes
terday morning, and was immediately distri
buted by them to the several families belong
ing to the nation; and, in the evening, near
ly the whole party started on their return to
their villages. During their stay here, they
conducted themselves in the most peaceable
and orderly manner towards our citizens,
and towards each other. \
The Quapaws were once a numerous and
warlike nation, but, like most other Indians,
who imbibe the vices, without the virtues of
the whites, they retain but a small remnant
of their former power, and now number on
ly about 467 souls. They are divided into
three villages, each of which is under an he
reditary Chief—are a remarkably peaceable
and quiet race—profess the highest respect
and friendship for our government, for their
Great Father, the President of the United
States, and for the white people generally—
and speak with much pride of their never
having shed the blood of a white man.
These Indians own a vast body of land, ly
ing on the South side of the Arkansas river,
commencing immediately below this place,
and extending to the Post of Arkansas, com
prising several millions of acres, a great por
tion of which is represented to be first rate
cotton land. One ofthe first wishes of many
of our citizens, and of hundreds of others
who have visited the territory with a view
of emigrating to it, is for the purchase of
the Quapaw lands: and it was generally ex
pected that the Quapaws were ready to cede
them, whenever the government should be
disposed to purchase. It appears, however,
that they are not yet in a humor for parting
with their lands. At the Talk held with them
yesterday morning, Mr. Crittenden, Acting
Governor, told them that he expected shortly
to receive instructions from the President to
hold a treaty with them for the purchase of
their lands, and inquired whether they were
willing to sell. At first they appeared dis
posed to waive the subject, by giving evasive
answers to the questions which ♦ere asked
them. But on being pressed for a reply,
they finally stated, in substance, that they
were not prepared to give a decisive answer,
at this lime—for the present, they would an
swer no —and intimated a wish that the sub
ject should remain for a future negociation,
when the proposal shall be made by autho
rity of the government. And so the matter
■ rests at present.
The Osages.—We learn from an intelli
gent young man, who passed this place last
week, direct from iu Usage Nation, that
three of the principal persons engaged in the
murder of Major Welborn and party, had
been sent to Mr. Choteau’s trading house,
for the purpose of being sent down in Mr.
Choteaq’s boat, to be given up to Col. Ar
buckle; who, it has been before stated, had
twice .demanded their surrender. Unfor
tunately, .however, they did not arrive until
one or two days after the boat had started,
and they have since returned to the nation.
Our informant states, that the Osages are
greatly alarmed at the removal of the United
States’ troops to the mouth of the Verdigris,
which is within fifty miles of theirvillage, and
expresses a decided belief, that all the mur
derers will eventually be given up. without
a farther effusion of blood.
The Cherokees. —The person who gave
the above information, also stated, that it was
currently reported in Crawford county, that
some Creek .Indians, who have intermarried
with the Cherokees, had recentlv murdered
a white man by the name of Hart! It is said,
that they had stolen some horses from him,
and, on his demanding them, they took him
into the woods, under pretence of hunting
the horses, and there murdered him.
We also understand, from the same source,
/that great numbers of the Cherokees are re
moving west of the line intended for theip
western boundary, which was run last win
ter ;by Capt. Shattuck. It is said that more
thanone hundredfamilieshaveremoved since
the running of the line.^.
Shawnees, Delawares, &c.—We are high
ly gratified to learn, from Batesville, that the
latest accounts from the Indians on White
River, above that place, represent them as
perfectly peaceable and well disposed, and
that they manifest no disposition to molest
the whites. This is the more graiifying, as
we stated only a short time ago, that those
Indians wee assuming quite a hostile atti
tude, and that an attack was apprehended
from them.
* Little Rock, May 11.
From Fort Smith. —Capt. G. Leftwich, of
the army, arrived here on Wednesday last,
from Ffert Smith, which place he left about
ten days since. The troops from Fort Smith,
had arrived at the place selected for the new
military post, which is about three miles up
Grand river, on the left bank, and not at the
mouth of the Verdigris, as before reported,
It is called Carttonment Gibson, in honor of
the present Commissary General of Subsist
ence. This post is about four or five miles
from the mouth of the Verdigris, and about
the same distance from Choteau’s trading
House. Capt. L. brings nothing new from
the Indians.
Major Alexander Cummings has been
transferred from Fort Smith to Red river, and
takes command of the new military post to
be established at the mouth of the Kiamiche.
There will be two companies established at
that post.
Mr. Philhrook. —Capt. Leftwich also in
forms, that on Sunday before last, the body
of a man, which there is e.very reason to be
lieve, is that of Mr. Fhilbrook, was picked
up about two miles above the Spadre. He
did not see the body, but was informed by se
veral persons who had examined it, that
there was a wodnd in the left side, and one
of the ribs broken, just below the left breast,
which appeared td be occasioned by a ball,
and that there was ahole corresponding with
the wound, through the vest, which wag
found on the body. These circumstances
lead to a suspicion that Mr Philbrook was
murdered, which we consider very doubtfoL
When it is considered that the body had
drifted more than 200 miles, it is more than
probable that the wound which appeared or
it, was occasioned by drifting against a snag
or log in the river. The description of the
clothes found on the body, we understand,
leaves no doubt of the identity of Mr. Phil,
brook’s person.
Arrival of Troops. —The steam-boat Flo
rence, captain Murray, arrived at this place
about 9 o’clock on Sunday evening last, from
New-Orleans, with a detachment of United
States troops, under the command of Lieut.
Philbrook. This detachment, of which Lieut.
Newell, who accompanies it, is an officer, con
sists of 102 fine looking soldiers, and are des
tined for cantonment Gibson. Part of the a
bove troops were brought up to the post of
Arkansas, by the steam-boat Eagle, arrived a
few days ago at that place.
The Florence left here yesterday after
noon, on her way up the Arkansas, which is
now at a good stage for navigation.
We are informed by a very respectable
commercial house in this city, extensively en
gaged in the cotton business, that the state of
Alabama alone, will draw from her consign
ees here, after settling all arrearages, up
wards of one million seven hundred thousand
dollars in specie, for last year’s crop. If this
sum be drawn by one state, what must be the
amount received by the citizens throughout
the valley of the Missisippi, for the immense
surplus of their industry? Let those to the
east, who affect scarcely to know us, answer
this question.
[Louisiana Gazette,
Adams Meeting at Newport. —On Friday
evening inst, a meeting *7? the friends of
Mr. Adams was holden ar \ state-House in
Newport, for the purpose organization to
promote the election of tliat gentleman:
The meetting was attended by persons from
every town in the state. Westerly, excep
ted. Two district committee!* were appoin
ted—one at Newport, and the other at Pro
vidence. A committee was appointed in
every town in the state, to correspond with
the district committees. We state this oc
currence in rder that the people ofthe state,
aswell as the friends of Mr. Adam 9 in ether
’ states, may be assured that Rhode-lsland if
not unmindful of the crisis.
■ t [Providence Journal, 7th inot.
No. 24.