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this houfc be inveigled by such Hafq faced
effrontery ? Sir, ihe a i\ containing this
appropriation clause was not brought to a
third rending till the full.of March. Our
powers expired bn thfe 4th: it was at the
2nd fcSlion of the 7th Wongrefs. It wzs in
the power of ihof'c oppofhd to the corrupt
claims of 1795 to have defeated the bill by
a difculfipp. But, fir, they abstained on
this ground. If die appropriation of the
five million!) had not been made at that fcf
fioo, the year, within whitfii by our agree
ment with Georgia'it. was to be made, if
at all, would have,expired before the meet,
irgof the next Cungrcfs and it was urg
ed, ny the friends of the. bill, that there
tverc fevnro! dcf riptions of claims to which
no imputation of fraud could attach; that
by making a general impropriation we fe
<urgd to burfclves the pAvver of recompens
ing Tech claims as, on examination, might
he found worthy (f ir, wbilft we pledged
ourselves to no class of claimants whatever.
B it, that if we fhncikl fafivr the term fpe
cified, in coirrpaff with Georgia, to
clapfe without - making appropriation, we
(hoard preclude ourselves from the ability
to compensate any claims, n»t fpccially
provided for, however just and reafor.able
we might finJ them, on invelfigation, to
be. Under these circumdanoes, and 1 ap
peal to my excellent friend from Maryland,
who brought it in for the corrcftnefs of my
•ftaternent, the ojaponents of the bill gave it
no other oppoficioa di m a filepc vote. And
now, Sir, we are told that we fhnd pledged
and that an appropriation for Britiih grants
not .f eg ranted by Spain, specially and for
such other claims agtind the (hue «f Georg l a
' generally, as Congrtfs (hemld find quite
worthy, v/as made far tlie-efpecial benefit of
' a*particular dsfcriptlon ot dahnants, bran
ded too with the dcoptft odium ; who dare
to talk to us of public faith and appeal to
the national honor.
The concl iifion of the memorial is arrmfing
enough. After playing over the ’farce,
which was aided by the Yazoo Squad at the
last session, affecting to believe rhst an ap
propriation has been made by the ad
March 1 803, for their tfpecial benefit, they
pray that Cong refs will be plcafed to give
them---what ? that to which they alTcrt
they are entitled by no means-.-an
eighth or tenth part of it...which fnd
eighth or tenth part, if wc may credit them,
has been already appropriated to their use
by law. From a knowlcdge-of the memo
rialills, and thole w]u>m they represent, can
you believe for a moment that if they had
the lead faith in the volume of argument (I
am furry to profane the word) which they
have presented to rho Houfc to prove the
goodness of their title, can you believe that
under fnch an itnprcffion they would accept a
paltry compromise *f two (hillings in the
—-s. ‘>-r» ittav to ontaiti it they
would defeend so low. Sir, when these
men talk about public faith and national
honour, they remind me of the appeals of
the unprincipled gameffer and veteran
usurer to the honour of the* thoughtless
fpendthrift, whilst, in reality, they are
addra'uing therufeivcs to his vices aud his
folly.
fTo he concluded in our next.)
MESSAGE
Os ihe Governor of Menu. Turk t» the Le.
ri future,
G, nilemen, V j
Understanding thatjthe attention of the
legiflature l is about to he direified to the
promotion of literature, aud believing that
any ideas which may tend to cad the lead
glimmer oa so important a fubjeft, will not
be unacceptable to gentlemen eng.igrd in so
laudable <1 purfuir, I venture to offer to
your confuler-tion such as have occurred t»
my mind, with all tint dilfidence which no.
vclty and the magnitude of ihcobjeiV is cal.
culated to inspire. The plan I dull psopofe
is not one that can immediately go into lull
end efficient operation. The ground work,
however, should it meet with approbation,
may, if not at the present, at the next ft*.T
fion, belaid ;—Aidj the lapse of a few
years, if I do not indulge a viGunary ex
pectation, may rear an edifice sacred to
fcicnce, morals and religion, which (hall
. exalt in dignity the American character,
The firll eficntial to the support of a ge
neral literary indltution, in all its various
ramifications is the c(l*blilhnicnt of an ad
equate, permanent and certain fund. In
looking into the finances of the flare, it
will be difeovered that nothing can be spa.
red from her ordinary revenue. The unap.
prupriated lands which dill remain to her,
present the only fare resource. Os these (he
dill pofffflei 1, JOO;COO acioy which certain
ly connot be devoted to a mure noble end.
On a moderate computation these lands may
be estimated as forming a capital of 1,000,
000,dollars, which, at an intereil ot fix.
per cent will yield an annual income of
60,000 dolls. The mode of difpofinp of
them, which ! (houll prefer, would' be,
to have them laid out inf© convenient farms,
with a price affixed to each according to
quality ot land, and contiguity to matker.
Sales Ihould then be made to applicants, cn
rendition of actual fcttlement, and patents
k granted, referring a rent charge equal to
B the imereft on the purchase money at the
W rare afertfaid, with pennifion to the pur
chaser* tedtfeharge the rent as any time by
%
\ <
a payment of the purchase money. One, »
two or three years might be allowed free
frc:n rent, according to circuniftances.
The advantages in favor of this mode are
many. Honcft industry would be fumilhed
with the means of profitable exertions,
without the aid of capital. Payment of
rent would not be called for till it could be
made out of the produft of the land ; and
the expectation of being compelled to pay
a lat'je principal, when very inconvenient,
or perhaps impoffiblc, would be "inces
santly damping the ador-and-the fpittts of
perhaps the worthy fathers.ofpromffif.g fa
milies. i t
Tothofe who ohjeft to filch difpofitlon,
from a desire to fte an oveiflowing jircafury
■ at the difppfal of the government, I answer
that the true riches of a Hate is its efficient
labor ; its phyficaj strength, its yeori.'irry,
A rich treasury is frequently an evil. It
too often becomes the patent of speculation
and the corrupter of the administrators of the
government.
The find being .*ce eftablifliecl, the next
enquiry is as to its difpofiiidn. This might
w ith fafety be confided to the regents of
tha uwtvtrfity. 'file great outline of their
cr-rtduft being deferihed by rhe legillaturc.
A competent furn being firft appropriated for
thefupportof colleges, the residue should
be applied to the fuppart ferha/s t of aca
demies, but certainly 6f common schools.
I hefe latter Ihouldbc ellablilhed throughout
the Hate, b) dividing a county intoacom
petent number of school dulrifls, according
to its geographical extent and population.
Aod the regen's of the university ihouid
have the power of appointing thref trullees
for each diilritH, who fhouid be amhorifed
to fix the place for the school houfc, «rc<sl
one where neixffary, employ a competent
teacher, have the disposition of the funds
allotted to them, with an authority to levy
and collcfl of the inhabitants of the diftrift,
according the circnmftanccs and abilities
cf each, such further sums as might be ne
cclTiry for the support of the school, and
the maintenance and tuition of such poor
children as may be objects of charity. The
division of the county intodlftrifts, and the
sum allotted t«each, to be at the difereti
on of the regent of the university.
The support of academies by aids from
this fund I have Hated hypothetically, be.
canfc there are many weighty objc£hohs to
theintompofing a part of a general fyftcra of
education, Those which occur to me, are
the difficulty ot keeping them constantly
supplied with unexceptionable teachers.
The academics which have fallen under my
observation, have all of them been, at feme
period, for months without a teacher.
This is owing in a great meafur* to the ne
cessity of employing young, men, just from
college, who «nter into thefc fituatians,
merely to acquire the means of profeciuing
the learned profeffions, which, when afehie
ved, they bid adieu to the academy. A sus
pension of academic inftruCtion is the canfe
quence, and before a fucceflbr can be pro
cured, the ftudentj are frequently dispersed.
Add to this, that each new teacher intro
ducss a new system of education. / The syst
ems established in different academies also
vary according to the acquirements and ideas
of the various teachers. A confequenc is,
the almost insurmountable difficulty of pur
suing with effect a ceHegiate course when
the preparation his been fj varies,
A grammar school, attached to a col
lege, and under the di reCtion of its faculty,
is free from rhefe ohjeidions. An attention
also to morals can here be afforded, which
in academies is impcffible. Should, how.
over academies be deemed indifpcnfible, the
lame course of study (hould be prescribed
to each.
Colleges, though loft considered, are' not
the lead important graduation in thefealeof
academic institutions. If national piblpcrhy
it national pride, which is an honest pride.
Avail warm *ur bosoms wiih a wilh to fee our
Country great in the various arts and fcienccs
the prolific parent of ftatefraen, legifiatore,
divines, &C. wc cannot regard colleges"
with too much partiality. When judi
ciously arranged and conduced, they become
the bountequs source of knowledge, of virtue,
piety, of ail that is great and good. The
arrangement of the buildings (hcald b# such
as to completely cloister the ftudenrs; who
fhouid ae/cr pass the walls but by permission.
The endowments fhouid he fufficiently
liberal to secure teachers the most rc/pedtable
for talents, lor tnortus and for manners.
Liberal endowments, particularly where the
plan ®f education is economical, tends to
diminish the expence, so as to place liberal
education within the reach of the rcfpeclable
yeomanry ofa country, where theraoft vir
tue ordinarily cxifts, and from among
whom no inconfiderablc part of the pro
icifional characters in a government like ours
ought to be taken. Where this end is like
to be attained, the libera! endowment of
feminines of learning is •bvioully the ap
plication of the puhdc funds for the benefit"
of the middling and poorer classes of com
inanity. For, if feminities ot learning arc
not pitronifed by the Hate, and for the
want ot this patronage, a liberal education
is very expenfire, the coofiquence will be,
that the rich alone can afford to educate their
children ; a consequence not durable in
any government and highly dangerous in our
OWR,
Though the whole plan, as fuggcfted above
cannot he carried into immediate effetf, and „
though, perhaps, a step so important to
the date, asyhe difpofmg’of ail her un.
appropriated lands ought not to be taken till
Come time has elapsed far the exprtfiion of
the public sentiment, the,attention of the
legislature may' fafeiy be direfted te this
fubjeO, and-in the mean rime a complete
fyftcm inallils detail be maturing*
The fame reason for delay with refpeft to .
the higherfeminaries, where a proper fyftetn
is already adopted, docs not exill, These
j fcmmatieS arc the nurseries in which the
inftruftbrs of are to he reared
and no cimeQlould be loft in- placing them
on the roost rcfpeftable and independent
footing: that those from among the mid
dling and poorer daffes of community, who
wifti to give their forts a liberal education
may have it in their power to do To, without
being at the inconvenience and expence of
fending them toother states, as is now the
case ; a reproach to the state of New York,
which it is hoped her enlightened and pat
riotic legislators will speedily wipe away
by rendering her as independent in her li
terature, aslheisinher refourccs and her
government.
These ideas are hastily throne together.
They are, however, the result of former
reflections through the courfc of twenty
years that I have had the honor of being a
* truflee of Columbia college. They will
probably be liable to many object
ion*. Should they fortunately throw
the Icaft light on a fubjeft that lies near to
my heart, and hare the least tendency te
promote the firft object of nay wishes, (the *
diffufion of knowledge) my end will be at
tained.
MORGAN LEWIS.
4th February, 1 805.
European News.
Received by the Ship Fredonla, caps, Mai
coins, in 70 days from Liverpool,
.'V ■ 1
LIVERPOOL, December 22.
A minillerial paper (the Surj has thrown
out a hint, which some believe to he dtmi
official, that tha new Emperor of the French,
is likely in no very long time, to make
fornc overtures tor a general peace. From
the degree in which the contending powers
are at present exafpefated againfl each oth
er, we are afraid this is a matter rather to
be wilhed tor than hoped. Ir is however,
probable, that both tides are beginning to be
heartily weary of a contest so fraltlefs, in
aftive, languid and unavailing. '
NEW.YORK. March 1.
ExtraS of aletterfromCadiz, dated Jan. 9,
“ This port is now in a date of blockade,
both for veflfcls coming in and going out.
An official letter to thU (which X taw)
’ was sent by the Brilith Admiral to the Go.
vernor, dr firing him to inform all the fo
reign consuls thereof. The Declaration of
War on the part of Spain was made some
time since.—Wheat, corn, rice, See. will
be very high the ensuing year, as the hea
vy rains have rotted ail the grain in the
groundj and the foreign crop will be (bort.
The situation #f thhs country is really dread,
ful and 1 am afraid will be much worTe*"
Another* letter Jays,
** You will soon hear of a great change
of government. The Prince •{ Peace has
fled, and an order has been Blued ,to seize
h is perfon.*\
Extract from a Cadiz Price Current of
January 19.
u Flour 22 to 23 d*ls. Wheat 8 dols.
afaueg. Corn 3 dols. per do. Fiih 10
dels Rice 10 do.
CHARLESTON, March 9,
A letter ot the 14th ©t December, from *
Liverpool, received yesterday, fayr, -that
no alternation had taken place in the price
of cotton since the last accounts; that the
demand from the manufactures were not ve
ry confiderablc—that the chief of the pur
chases made were on speculation, and that
the continuation ot the prices then given,
would depend much on the quantity which
arrived.
Extract of a letter from an officer on board
the frigate Confutation, dated Sfracufe
Harbour, November gth, to his friend in
New. fori, received by the John Adams.
“ W r c have had no intelligence lately
from our prisoners in Tripoli: *ur last
account left thepi in clofc confinement,
Naples-is in pofleffion of the French, and
the royal family, arc at Palermo. The
town of Aimeria, in Spain, has been funk
by an earthquake. Lord Ndfon is going
to England on account of his ill ftatc of
health, and, it is said is to be fuccceded in
the command by Sir John Ordv, The
Mediterranean is very quiet as to warlike
operations : weare at present the only hoify
people in it. Our force will penfift of 20
gun-boats, 4 bomb vefleis, 4 frigates; 3
brigs, and i fchooßtrs, with which Wc
(hail renew the attack on Tripoli in the
Spring, if the Balhaw continues the war
uQxil that time which we underlland he is
determined to do.”
ExtraS of a letter from an officer one board
on of the United States /hips, dated off
'Tripoli, October S, I SO4.
** X embrace the opportunity of writing
you by the John Adams, who goes home
V 1 e 1 • ■ *
• I
with ihe sick and wcurdcd 6f the .
VVehave left several brave men eft' vI
among them arc ycur friend John I
and his captain. We have taken five pI
. large (hips loaded with powder ard *S I
bound into Tripoli, all which v, s fC M
Tent into Malta, where they were I
demned. In the course of 12 days, we '’ K
to make a general attack, which, per he V I
will afford a fubjefi for a larger letter. ‘ ‘ 1
few days ago we took three of the PhiC 1
delphia’s late’crew in one of the enemy** I
gun.boats, as they and-a number more'of I
than have turned Tutks. Ships here, C> I
ftellation, Conftutition,-Pitfidenr, Conpfcfi I ['
and Efl'ex brigs Syren, Argus and Vilen! I
fchqoners Experiment and E.uerprize.” * I
AUGUSTA,' I
We find by the Raleigh Register, of the I
zjthollaft month, that the Editor of that I
paper has rcpubiilhed a letter, which a pn ei -r, I
rd in this paper from our Correlpyndcnt in I
Walton county, . refperfting the outrages I
committed by fomc of the citizens of North. I
Carolina, on the inhabitants of that county I
-.to which he adds “ We are concerned I
to find the lettlenient of the d'ifpute refpeft. I
ing the boundary line between Georgia and I
this state, (which vyc prepjffie is the cause I
that this disorder) isprotradfod—We under,
ft and the delay is attributable to the state
of Georgia, our legislature having made
provilion for its adjustment at their late
lefliun.” i* l reply to this observation, wc
conceive it proper to fay, that the delay in
running thi boundary line between the two
Gates, must be. attributed to Norrh-Carolina, I
on account of her improper exaction of this [
state, which (lie pertinacioufiy adheres to. I
In order that the public may in soma I
tneafure understand the difference between I
the two states, we are authoriffd to state, I
that Nurtb-Carolina refufes to run the line !
unjds the following previfo, which we find ■
in an ad. palled by North. Carolina, for the I
purpose of adjusting the boundary line be. I
tween that state and South-Carolina, is con- |
fented to on part of Georgia—to wit 1 I
“Provided neverthclefs that the extension I
of the laid line Aail not affect the titles of I
any person or persons to the lends entered B
in either of the said ftates.”—The diftrid j
of country which Georgia claims and which I
is now the fubjefl of controvcrfy, original- I
ly belonged to the state of Soiib.Carolina, I
but was ceded by that state to the United I
States, and by the United States to Geer- I
gin.—South.Carolina never legally’ granted 1
an acre of it to any one. whatever-*-a fear I
speculators, if report fays true, obtained E
grants from that state for a confulerabte I
quantity of land lying weft of the ridge o£ I
mountains which divides South-Carolina I
from the now county of Walton, before the I
Indian title to the fame was exrinouifhed, I
and Sonrh-Carolina a year previous to her I
ceding it to the General Government, pass- I
ed an aid annulling those grafts, declaring 1
that flie always referred the lards for which |
they were obtained, for the heating grounds I
of the Cherokee Indians. If we ere cor- 1
rcit in our information, (hould a similar 1
proviso t» the one which North-Caroiina !
contends for, be adopted by Georgia, she |
would not have a finglcacre cf tin’s territo- |
ry at her difpoJal, the whole being covered I
by North. Carolina grants, and how far
those grants may extend is uncertain.—But * |
we are however, certain of one thing, which I
is, that there are very few, if any grants
in the names cf the inhabitants who now
refidc in Walron county,—.they are in the
names of men who obtained them previous
to the extinguiflimem of the Indian title to
the land in question, and wh« reside at a
confidcrablc distance firom it. Such are the
title* which the state •( Nbrth.Caroiina '
wiftics not to be affeckd by the extension of '
the line, and it is becauCs Georgia will not
corffent to such a roeafure, that ft? dclirable
an objed.is protrafled.
Under the exifving circumftanccs of Judge
Chafc—that tender ! humane J—fbfbear
ing I—modest I—and republican Judge !
of /<f rfeft integrity in Congress at the time
of making flour contratii &e. &(. /—We
have hitherto forborne to make any com
ments —nor do vve believe any are nonu ne
ccffiry— except this ; that, if unfortunate
ly for jujitce, he Ihould be cajhtred, we are
threatned with Con/uh , Didatftrs and god
knows what, of defpotifiTi and royalty j
which, though repugnant to the feelings
and inzerejls of s he citizens of America in'
general, would be a fortunate revolution for
the Ola Tories and friends to George in this
country, —If it ihoultl so happen, however
(fortunately or unfortunately, as the case
may be,) that his Ltnor should be defo/ed
his crooked advocates in Georgia—and rat
advotatetoibribery and corruption in *ene~
will have to fly their kites, and return
immediately, with the wild gees, to the
lakes—.to Canada Nova Scotia, or New
England, leaving poor Georgia,ro her fate
devoured by Democracy and all the horrors
of Anarchy 11 I J
Lord have mercy upon «st
No. 17,950 in the Baltimore Cathedral
Church Lottery, has drawn a prize of
%*»ooo dollars. This ticket was, with
iotne others, retained by the right reverend