Newspaper Page Text
•(From the New York Herald, April 30.]
Cotton.
Holders of cotton are anxiously looking tor
later advices from Europe, particularly fjjom
Manchester. Great ditference of opinion exists
here relative to the future course of prices, but it
has, from the first moment, a short crop appear
ng inevitable, been our opinion that prices must
advance a great deal beyond present points. It
matters very little what accounts one or two more
steamers may bring, and the reports from Liver
pool for a week or two later than those on board
the America, now nearly due, are just as like
ly to show a decline as an advance. There
is one fact pretty generally known on this side
of the Atlantic, which is a short crop, and in tire
face of that, it is lolly for the spinners of
Manchester and speculators of Liverpool to
carry on the contest with holders on this side.
There never has been a season in the commercial
history of this country, when we have been bet
ter able to carry opr cotton crop than this, and the
lords of the loom in England will soon find that
they have made a great mistake in their elforts to
force us to sell. They have heretofore suc
ceeded hi depressing prices for this great sta
ple product, whenever they have made an ef
fort to do so, and have supposed that the power
was still in their hands. They w ill soon dis
cover their mistake; and if they do not have
ro pay for their temerity, we will give it up, and
let them rule prices hereafter without opposition.
The three great regulators of prices for Cot
ton in the Liverpool market, are Baring, Broth
ers & Cos., Brown. Shipley & Cos., and Feil
den, Brothers &. Cos., the last exercising the
greatest influence, and in ability decidedly su
perior to the others. Their agents are found in
every Southern port iti the country, and as
a class,’ are remarkable for their fidelity to
English interests. The Fieldens are the larg
<st cotton manufacturers in the -world. Their
commission business in Liverpool, immense
•is it is subsidiary entirely to their manufac
turing interest at Manchester. These houses
have ruled supreme in the cotton market, and
have put prices for the raw material up or
down at pleasure. This year they have re
ceived a check that will learn them a lesson, j
Their sceptre has departed, and from this time !
forward, prices will depend more upon supply j
and demand, than upon the dictum of a com- ‘
lunation of the immense wealth of a few hous- j
f s in Liverpool. What we have been so long j
and so anxiously looking for is upon the point j
of being realised. The Cotton crop hereafter j
will be controlled on this side of the Atlantic, and I
New York will be the great distributing point of j
the raw material, instead of Liverpool. The ;
-consumption of cotton in this country lias be- |
come so great, and is progressing with so much !
rapidity, thal prices for any surplus that we may :
have for shipment, will not depend entirely up- j
on the whims and caprices of the spinners of j
Manchester. The markets of Great Britain !
will not be so important as in past years, and j
as our shipments become more direct to the i
points of consumption in Europe, we shall be j
better able to establish and maintain prices. Our j
manufacturers already consume half as much !
cotton as those of Great Britain; the ratio of in- I
crease here is much greater than on the other {
side, and the production of the raw material ‘
cannot keep pace with the, increase in consump- !
tion throughout the world. We have shown !
that, under the most favorable auspices, a crop :
of two millions six hundred thousand bales is j
a much as can be picked, and the annual con- j
sumption already reaches that quantity. It, I
therefore, appears plain, th3t the movements in j
the Cotton market, henceforth, are likely to be!
highly important and interesting.
The course pursued in previous years by the
three houses above mentioned, has been adopted
this, but not with equal success; in fact, this year
with defeat, o-ut and out defeat, which will
result irt a complete route. The policy here
tofore has been to let prices up in the fall, so
ns to bring the crop from its recesses to in- ;
crease the supply as rapidly as possible in the !
ports, and determine, at the earliest moment, |
die production - for the year. As soon as this ;
operation- has had full effect, and the extent of j
the supply is known, the reverse movement is i
resorted to, for the purpose of dapreciating
prices, to enable spinners and these large houses
to. lay in large stocks. * All kinds of reports are
circulated relative to the crop, and returns
showing any deficiency are ridiculed and state
ments to the contrary put forth, falsehoods of
every grade uttered by the most honorable, high ,
minded men in the United Kingdom, to de
ceive holders and small spinners. To carry out
their assertions, they sell freely in the Liverpool
market, while their agents here are buying all
they can without raising prices. On change,
these houses resort to every kind of subterfuge to
convey the impression that the crop will be
much larger than believed. They talk of ad
vices received from their most reliable corres
pondents that the crop is sure to be 3,300,000 to j
3,100,000 bales. In this way, and by the most i
dishonorable, despicable means, they almost in- i
variably succeed in breaking down the Liver- j
pool market, knowing the effect of a. depreciation j
in prices there upon the markets of the United ;
•States. This game has been practised this
year, and the energies of the three houses j
above mentioned ha\ e been exerted to their ut- |
most to break down the markets of this conn- i
try, so that they could lay in a full supply of the 1
raw material tor spinning and for speculation, j
All, has been of no avail. Holders here have j
been too well posted up, and in the command I
of facilities for carrying cotton, to give these i
houses the slightest chance of success; and j
those depending upoft future purchases for sup- ;
plies for manufacturing purposes, will pay dear
ly for their procrastination.
It is the impression in England, produced !
principally by the statements of the great specu- j
lators, that the crop tiiis year will reach 3,300- j
000 bales at least, and that the yankees are j
humbugging them by reporting a crop of only !
3,000,000 bales. They believe that we have a !
larger supply of cotton than represented, that we !
are holding it back to put up prices, and that it ;
is only necessary to keep quiet, to keep out of j
the market to force holders here to disgorge. In |
alt this they are doomed to dire disappointment, i
The obstinacy of holders here astonishes the j
great capitalists of Liverpool and the large spin- ■
tiers of Manchester, and well it may, for it is a j
feature connected with this trade never before j
known, but one that will hereafter bo visible j
every year. Capital is increasing so rapidly in ‘
this country, and wc are consuming so much of I
our own crop of cotton, that no fears need be 1
entertained hereafter that remunerating prices |
for the raw material will not be realized. It will i
hereafter be in vain for Great Britain to put large i
lots of cotton upon the Liverpool market, for the j
purpose of depressing prices, as the Fieldens ■
wore doing at the last accounts, and the result I
of recent efforts will teach them not to attempt j
the like again.
These Cotton lords have bled our planters |
long enough, and we have borne their efforts to j
depreciate the value of this product patiently j
without murmuring. The tables now are turned j
and wc shall see if Manchester docs not pay ‘
enough this year to make up for a portion of
what they have taken from us in years past, by
low prices. The tone of the circular recently re-j
eeived from Liverpool from the three great hot}- !
ees, show how annoyed they have been at the j
obstinacy of holders in this country, while those j
of American houses in Liverpool, such as Wash- i
ington, Sons & Cos have been in quite |
a different veiu. The English houses having i
shown their hand, the thing sticks out too plain- i
!y to be misunderstood. There was no neces- ;
tity for sneering at “short crops,” as it was well j
known pretty early in the season that the yield i
would be but moderate, at best. The time has j
arrived for us to dictate to the spinners of Man
chester what prices must rule, and if they do i
not choose to pay what we ask for the little’ cot- j
ton wc have, they hav e but one alternative, and
that is to shut up their mills, while those in this .
country will continue to do what they have been ;
doing for some time past—run day and night. J
3Jauliester was, at last accounts, nearly bare \
of stock, and holders of cotton in this country |
know it; and if English spinners buy cotton for j
the remainder of the season lower than those of i
Lowell, we have made a very great mistake in j
our calculations. More than seven millions ol j
dollars worth of cotton are held in this market,
and holders are by no means anxious to sell.
They know, just as well as two and two make
four, that til- y have the power in their own
hands; that the spinners of Manchester are
at their mercy; and when the contest comes,
they (the spinners) need expect no quarter, for
they will get none. With a crop now corning
to market, nearly four hundred thousand bales
less than anticipated in England, and the pros
pects relative to the new crop exceedingly un
favorable. holders on this side of tho Atlantic
can dictate their own terms. As we remarked
at the beginning, the America, now due at Hali
fax, with two weeks’ later intelligence from
Liverpool, may bring accounts of a further de
cline, and she may bring an advance. One is
just as likely as the other. Everything depends
upon the advices which had been received at
Liverpool from this country, previous to the
departure of the America. When prices do
take a start upward, they will go with a perfect
rush.
SOUTHERN SENTINEL.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA:
j THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 2, 1850.
“President Taylor and the Whigs.”
Such’ h conjunction ecemn much of a piece with “all
the world and the rest of mankind,” and both inav,
so far as wc know, have been the inventions of the
same genius ; at any rate such is the caption of an
appeal made, in the government organ of the 33th
to the Whigs of the Union, in behalf of the Presi-
I dent’s Territorial policy. If the Whigs of Georgia
generally, know what that policy is, they have learn
; ed it elsewhere than in the columns of Southern
Whig journals, for, either from mortification or inat
tention, this lone star of the administration has been
permitted very quietly to glide from the hands of its
author. We respectfully ask our Whig eontempora-
I rics to tell us what they think of the President’s plan.
1 He recommends that no governments be provided for
| the Territories, but that they be left unnoticed until
they become sufficiently populated, to entitle them to
admission into the Union as States. Are we to un
i derstand his friends at the South as endorsing this
; recommendation by their silence ? They helped to
| put him in office, and until he is dsavowod. he is
supposed to speak their sentiments. Our neighbor
of the Enquirer has seconded our disposition to avoid
a newspaper controversy, and it is with no intention
of violating the truce, that we ask for an expression
of his views on this question. Personal controver
sies are one thing, and they are generally as disgust
ing to the public, as they are profitless to the parties:
but a rational discussion of public measures is anoth
er thing, and when properly conducted are not only
of interest to the public, but involve the discharge of
an imperative duty of those who have undertaken the
responsibility of guarding the interests of the people, j
Surely if there ever has been a question of vital inter- j
est to the people of the South, in that class may be
reckoned those measures of federal policy growing ■
out of our peculiar institutions. We, therefore, re- \
peat the inquiry, and we direct it particularly to the I
Enquirer as more immediately connected with those
people with whom wc are identified ; we repeat the
inquiry, how stands the Whig party of Georgia on !
the policy recommended by Gen. Taylor ? Does it j
embrace the propositions of the administration, or
does it disclaim them as calculated to exclude the
South from all participation in our Territorial acqui
sitions ? Come, speak out neighbor, we want to see
you take sides either with the President or with the
South. The inquiry is prompted by no considera
tions of party. It is time the South should be under
stood. The Whig President, from the South, advis
es that the Territories should not be provided with
governments, and Messrs. Toombs and Stephens,
Whig congressmen from there South, deela that in
the absence of any legislation by this Government,
the laws of Mexico against slavery are still in force.
Put the two together, and the South is as effectually
barred from all share in the Territories as she would
be by the Wilniot Proviso. These are all accredited
representatives of the Southern Whig party, and
may be fairly presumed to speak the sentiments of
their constituency. In the name of the people, we
ask for soundings. Wc fear there are breakers
ahead.
The Committee of Thirteen.
The greatest labor of the season, if we may judge
by the cost of the achievement, is happily eonsu; -.ma
ted. Mr. Foote's resolution is adopted, and the
Committee of Thirteen, untrammeled by instructions,
is appointed. Moreover, Mr. Benton’s fourteen
propositions were voted on, one by one, and he had
the magnanimity to spare the Senate any further in- j
flietion. The distribution of the Committee is such :
as had been proposed, the two great parties and the
two sections sharing equally in its composition, and !
leaving to the Chairman, Mr. Clay, the balance be- !
tween them. It is composed of experienced men, of ;
the first rank in ability, and beyond suspicion, in re- j
gard to character. There seems also in the deport
ment of the Senate, a determination to give them full :
time and opportunity to accomplish the purpose for ;
which they have been set apart, and to throw around
them the guardianship of its entire confidence and
respect. It would be difficult to conceive of a body
of men attempting the solution of a political question,
under more favorable circumstances, looking merely
to the Senate.
But all this may avail nothing. Mr. PiiELre, of ;
Yt., one of the in asking somewhat car- ;
nesily to be excused from serving on it, gave as a fi- |
nal reason, that he did not believe they could agree ;
upon any measure ; and Mr. Webster, in opposing
his request, expressed much the same opinion. For
what he has already done, Mr. Webstsr has brought i
upon himself not merely the disapproval, but the de
nunciations, of not a few of the most powerful of the j
Whig presses of the North ; and the general senti
ment of his party in Massachusetts, seems not only :
against his course, but seems ready to impeach his ;
motives. Judging from his more recent votes, he is .
more ready to retreat from his iirst position than to
defend it. He sustained Mr. Benton in his move
ments, and either did not vote, or voted affirmatively, !
on all his multitudinous propositions of instruction to
the Committee. But he has taken scarcely any part
in the warm and prolonged debates of the last week,
and so has given none of the weight of his miud to
the one side or the other. It is a self-negation, that,
in connection fvith his rather shifting votes, indicates
j a perplexity and indecision thjit destroy all hope of
; his exerting any great influence foe the settlement of
; the question. For that purpose, we are sorry to say
we may as well account Mr. Webster a blank.
Gen. Cass, on the other hand, has taken avery 7
| plain and direct course in reference to all these pre
| liminary arrangements. Believing the Committee
might be of use, he has steadily sustained it, and vo
j ted against every proposition to delay its appointment,
j limit its freedom, or embarrass its deliberations.
But it is another question, whether he will assent to
such terms of settlement as will satisfy the South.
We have no doubt of his sincere desire to settle the
question honorably to all, but the difficulty now is, in
the practical details, and it will probably show itself
thorny at many points as soon as it is touched.
Mr. Clay, for his part, goes into the matter full of
resolution and courage, and it is not easy to set
bounds to his power of surmounting obstacles when he
does so. In the early part of the session, he seemed
to have too little strength for the labors of his office ;
but as he has warmed in the harness, the vigor, ac
tivity and endurance of former times seem to have
come back, and the old war horse shows that hie
heart still swells proudly at the voiee of the trumget,
| and his nook is elotbed with thunder for the shook of
; battle. Nothing can prevent Mr. Clay from being
| the master-spirit of the Committee ; and if he can de
: vise a measure that will stand the test of this prinet
-1 pie, that the States are equal, and the right to find
1 in the Federal Government, at all times, and in all
| circumstances, an impartial friend, he may look to
! the support of the South as certain, and its gratitude
as deep and enduring. But even Mr. Clay may fail
] in devising, and fail in giving effect to what is devis-
I ed. The result of the Compromise Committee may
. be only to show that the contradictions of the ques
! tion are irreconcilable and the healing of the sore im
possible. It will then have simply brought us to the
issue, and for that we ought to stand prepared.— Ch.
Mercery.
Benton and Foote.
Much as we deplore the disgraceful scene recent
ly enacted in the Senate Chamber, we do not think
! the parties concerned should be indiscriminately cen
-1 sured. Speaking of the occurrence, the Savannah
’ Neice, expresses our own views in saying : “We find
! in our Northern exchanges, much comment upon the
recent brawl in the Senate, between Messrs. Foote
and Benton, and wc are much gratified to observe
I that these editors and writers, who, from their prox
j irnity to the scene, have the best opportunity of know
ing the true state of the ease, very unanimously cx
lionerate Mr. Foote from biame. All, Whig and
Democrat, agree in reprobating the occurrence which
has brought disgrace trpon that once dignified body,
the American Senate ; but with an impartiality hon
orable to the press, the blame is laid where it right
fully belongs, upon the shoulders of that compound
of arrogance and egotism, Thomas llart Benton.
It is well known at Washington, that Benton,
with his characteristic arrogance, had threatened
Mr. Foote, if he ever alluded to him personally in
debate, and yet on the day on which the difficulty oc
curred, he had placed himself in an attitude in which
it was next to impossible for the latter gentleman to
i avoid replying to him. Mr. Foote had the alterna
tive of either permitting the Missouri Bison, as Ben
j ton has been appropriately called, to ride rough-shod
■ over him and his cherished measure of reconciliation,
■ then before the Senate, or incur the risk of his threat-
I ened vengeance by vindicating his measure as be
| came an independent Senator. A gentleman of spir
it, he chose the latter course, and as he had a right
jto do, prepared hitnself for the consequences. The
: result is before the country, and we think we hazard
i nothing in saying that he will be sustained by all hon
i orablo men. Mr. F. is a small man, enfeebled by ill
j health, while Benton is robust and powerful. The
j scene that has taken place is to be deplored ; but we
doubt if it will be more hurtful in its influence upon
; the legislation of the country, than the triumph of a
bully would have been, had Benton succeeded in
j brow-beating and awing Mr. Foote from the exer
! eise of his rights as a Senator.
This is the second time that Benton has found his
match. His first memorable exploit, was in the
chamber of a hotel in Nashville—his last was in the
Senate chamber. On the first occasion, he encoun
tered a Jackson, on the last a Foote. In both iu
i stances he came off like Joe Bowers’s bully—second
! best. We trust the lesson he has just received, may
| prove as salutary as did the first. It will be remem
! bored that he became remarkably docile after his af
i fair with Gen. Jackson, whose subservient supporter
i and defender, he afterwards became. He may yet
have the honor of atoning for his attempted outrage
: upon Gen. Foote, by a similar sycophantic servi
! tude.”
Obsequies of Mr. Calhoun.
Wc fmd in the Charleston Mercury a most interest
; ing account of the ceremonies attending the recep
! tion of Mr. Calhoun’s remains in Charleston. We
I claim the proud privilege of mingling our tears with
! those, which his own more immediate fellow citizens
; have wept over the bier of the immortal Carolinian,
, tile greatest Statesman that ever blessed his country
: with his counsels. If ever man-worship was pardon
j able, surely the friends of Mr. Calhoun may be indulg
!ed in their devotion to his memory. But wc detain
i our readers from the Mercury’s description. Early
j on the morning of Thursday the 33th, inst. the streets
j alohg which the procession was to pass, were crowd
ed with human beings, anxiously but orderly throng
ing, to honor the last remains of their great fellow
citizen. The Mercury says:
The arrival of the steamer Nina, bearing the pre
cious remains of our beloved Statesman, was a beauti
! ful and touching commencement of the solemnities,
i The Nina had been specially and most appropriately
; fitted up for this mission, and brought from Wilming
’ ton the remains, with the several Committees that ac
companied them. On her arrival at the bar, the
Metamora and the Pilot went out to meet her. The
! mail steamer Gov. Dudley, the Revenue Cutter also
I joined her; and the whole, with slow and measured
j movement, their colors at half-mast, and the Cutter
firing minute guns, passed up dearly the entire length
j of the city, to the landing place at Smith’s wharf.—
| The Committee of the Senate, having in charge the
; remains of Mr. Calhoun, were Messrs. Mason of
Va. Berrien of Ga. Davis of Miss. Dickinson of N.
1 Y. Clarke ofR. I. and Dodce of lowa. With them
j by invitation, were Messrs. Venable of N. C. and
| Holmes of S. C.
| At the landing place the Special Guard of Honor
1 took charge of the remains, and bearing them up from
: the boat placed them in the funeral car provided for
| the ceremonial. A detachment of the military, con
j sistingof the Marion Artillery, the German Fusiliers
and Washington Light Infantry, all under command
[ of Capt. Man igault, formed the escort of the funeral
train to the Citadel Square.
Bcwteen 12 and 1 o’clock the cortege reached the
’ Citadel Square. Here the various parts of the pro
; cession had assembled and were appropriately arrang
jed occupying, with intervals, the entire square;
| while an immense throng of spectators filled all the
| surrounding streets, and every point from which a
! view of the ceremonies oould be obtained,
j Mr. Alderman. Banks, the Chairman of the Sub
j Committee of Reception, having introduced the Com
mittee of the Senate of the United States to Gov.
i Seabrook, Mr. Mason, on behalf of the Committee,
addressed bus Excellency as follows :
Governor Seabrook: The Senate of the
United States, by its order, has deputed a Com
! mittee of six Senators to bring back the remains
of their late colleague, your illustrious statesman,
John Caldwell Calhoun, to his native State.
lie fell in the fullness of his fame, without
! stain or blot, without fear, and without reproach,
a martyr to the great and holy cause to which
his life had been devoted —the safety and equal
! ity of the Southern States in their federal alii- j
i J
! ance.
It is no disparagement to your State or her
: people, to say their loss is irreparable—for Cal
houn was a man of a century. But to the entire
: South the absence of his counsels can scarcely
i be supplied. With a judgment stern, will decided
and purpose indomitable, there was united a po
i litical and moral purity, that threw around him
an atmosphere which nothing unholy could
i breathe, and yet live. But Sir, lam not here to
! eulogise your honored dead. That has been al
i ready done in the . Senate-house, with a memo
ry of his recent triumphs there clustering around
us, and by those far abler than I. It is our mel
ancholy office only, which I here perform, on be
half of the committee of the Senate, to surrender
all that remains of him on earth, to the State of
South Carolina; and having done this, our mis
sion is ended; we shall return to our duties in
the Senate; and those performed, to our sepa
rate and distant homes; bearing with us the
treasured memory of his exalted worth, and the ,
great example ofhis devoted and patriotic life,
i Gov. Seabrook received the remains, with a few
eloquent remarks in the course of which he alluded
to the kind attentions of Mr. Venable during the last
! hours of Mr. Calhoun’s illness -, to which Mr. Vcna
, ble made the following reply :
The manner in which your Excellency has |
j been pleased to refer to the attention which I ‘
was enabled to bestow on our illustrious friend, j
| has deeplv affected my heart. It is but a repeat- :
! ed expression of the feelings of the people of 1
Charleston, on the same subject, contained in a
; Resolution which has reached me, and tor which
manifestation of kindness, I now return to you, ‘
j and to them, my most sincere, most heartfelt |
| thanks. Nothing has so fully convinced me of
the extended popularity, I should rather say feel
ing of veneration, towards the Statesman w’hose ;
i death has called us together to-day, as the high
1 estimate which you and your people have placed
upon the services of an humble friend. Sir, the [
impulses of humanity would have demanded j
nothing less ; and that man is more than reward- j
ed, when permitted.to soothe the pain, or alle- j
viate the sufferings, of philosopher, sage, patriot, j
and statesman, so exalted above hi3 coternpora- j
ries, that were we not admonished by his sub- j
jection to the invasion of disease and death, we !
might well doubt whether he did not belong to a j
superior race. To be even casually associated ‘
| with his memory, in the gratitude of a State, is
; more than a reward for any services which 1
| could render to him. Sir, as his life was a chron
i icle of instructive events, so his death but fur*
| nished a commentary on that life. It is said of
Hampden, when in the agonies of death, render
ed more painful by the nature ofhis wound, ex
claimed, “O, God of my fathers, save, save my
country”—thus breathing the desire of his soul
on earth into the vestibule of the Court of Heav
en. So our illustrious friend, but a few hours
before his departure, employed the last effort in
which he was enabled to utter more than a sin
gle sentence, saying: “Isl had my health and
strength to devote one hour to my country in the
Senate, I could do more than in my whole life.”
He is gone! and when, in my passage here, I saw
the manifestations of deep feeling, of heartfelt
veneration, in Virginia and my own Carolina, 1
felt as one making a pilgrimage to the tomb of
his fathers, whose sad heart was cheered by
! spontaneous testimonials to the merits of the one
jhe loved and honored. But when, with this
morning’s dawn, I approached your harbor, and
! saw the city in the peaceful rest of a Sabbath,
j heard not the stroke of the hammer, or the hum
1 of voices engaged in the business of life; when,
! from the deck of the steamer, in the midst of
| your harbor, I could descry the habiliments of
i mourning which consecrated your houses—the
; stillness, the solemn stillness, spoke a language
which went to my heart. But when, added to
this, I behold this vast multitude of mourners, I
exclaim: A people’s tears water the dust of one
who loved and served them. No military fame
was his; he never set a squadron in’ the field.
The death of the civilian arid patriot, who loved
his country and his whole country, gave rise to
this great demonstration of sorrow and regard.
Permit me again to assure your Excellency, and
the people of Charleston, and of South Carolina,
that I shall ever cherish, as one of the dearest re
collections of my life, the expressions of kind
ness which have been made to me as the friend
and the companion in the sick chamber of John
C. Calhoun. His society and his friendship
were more than a compensation for any atten
tions which any man could bestow. Such were
his gifts, that whether in sickness or in health, no
man retired from a conversation with him wh#
was not greatly his debtor. By the courtesies of
this day, hnd the association of my name with
his, I am both his debtor and yours, the sincere
acknowledgement of which I tender to your Ex
cellency, requesting that it may be received by
you, both for yourself and the people whose sov
ereignty you represent.
The procession began to move from the Green at
one o'clock, the military in advance, then the hearse,
followed by a long train of carriages, conveying the
Family of the deceased, the Senate Committee, the
Governor and suite, the Committee of Twenty-five,
and the several Committees from Wilmington and
the interior of this St3te. Next followed the proces
sion on foot—the Fire Companies, the Freemasons,
Odd Fellows, Sons of Temperance, and other Socie
ties, arranged as in the programme, a long cavalcade
of citizens forming the rear. The procession first
moved into King st. and down that street to Hasell,
thence to Meeting st. and down Meeting to South
Bay, thence to East Bay and up East Bay to Broad
st. and thence to the City Hall, the end of the move
ment. Its entire length was nearly a mile and a half, j
The military formed on the South side of Broad st. j
the h :arse rested before the entrance of -the City |
Hall, rnd between them passed successively the@cv- j
eral divisions of the procession. This scene of the j
movement was perhaps the mori bea> t i.1.• nd iinprcs- j
sive of the whole. The vast crowd, the perfect order |
and harmony that reigned through it, the public i
buildings wrapped in mourning, the hearse motionless
before the temporary resting place of the dead, the
impress of the whole solemn pageant which was
here concluded, each added its own force to complete
the effect.
The Body was here taken from the hearse, con
veyed into the City Hall, and deposited in the Cata
falque constructed for the occasion, where it lay in
state in charge of the Special Committee of two hun- |
drod, until 9 o’clock, yesterday mornind.
The doers of the Hall were opened soon after tae j
coffin was deposited in its place ; and from that time i
until near midnight, and again from early light yes- ;
terdav stream of citizens passed in, moved up the I
steps of the catafalque, gazed an instant at the narrow j
chamber that held the ashes of the illustrious dead, ;
and then passed out. In all fhis time, the solemn !
stillness of the room was unbroken. Men spoke in !
whispers, and even the movement of the crowd was :
a noiseless flow, as of a shadowy pageant.
.At 10 o’clock yesterday morning, the preparations !
for the funeral service commenced. The Body was J
delivered into the hands of the Guard of Honor, and i
borne forth by them from the Hall. In the rear of |
them was formed the procession of the mourners, the |
Senate Committee, the State and City Authorities, the j
several Committees and the Citizens, which moved j
through Broad and Church streets, to St. Philip’s
Church. The interior of this beautiful temple had
been draped in mourning for the occasion, and the
aspect of the scene was in harmony with feelings of
the audience who thronged the place. The funeral
services were performed by the Rt. Rev. Bishop
Gadsden, who was a College Classmate of Mr. Cal
houn, and showed token that the memory of old com
panionship added tenderness to the solemnity of the
services for the dead.
The Funeral Discourse was delivered by the Rev.
Prof. Miles, from the text, Proverbs x, 7 : “The Mem
ory of the just is Blessed.” Wc cannot here speak
of this discourse as it deserves. The author present
ed first the character of the pure and perfect states
man—his qualities, his objects, ;.nd his life. Then he
tested, by his ideal standard, the character and ca
reer of Calhoun, of which he furnished an analysis
that was at once profound, clear, and complete.
Every part of the service was performed with af
fecting solemnity, and never on any occasion have we
been more impressed with the beoutiful appropriate
ness of this service for the dead.
From the Church the body was conveyed to the
burial ground, and deposited in the vault prepared for
its reception :
“Such honors Ilium to her Hero paid,
And peaceful rests the mighty Hector’s shade.”
Extensive Fire in Savannah.— A very destruc
tive conflagration occurred in Savannah on Thursday
last. The Georgian says: “The whole bloek of
buildings between Jefferson and Montgomery streets,
was totally destroyed, with the exception of two
brick houses on the S. E. corner of Montgomery and
Broughton streets. Several buildings on the east
side of Jefferson street were also demolished and ev
ery building on the north side of Congress between
Jefferson and Montgomery streets. On the whole,
it was the most destructive fire that it has been our
painful duty to notice for several years, and will be
felt more severely as the property destroyed belonged
principally to that class of our citizens who are the
most industrious and deserving of success, yet the
least able to contend against such a calamity.”
The total loss is estimated at about $55,000, of
which $25,000 was insured. There is no doubt that
it was the work of an incendiary.
New Music.— We are indebted to Pnor. Chas.
RErs, for the following pieces of new music. “ The
Elbert Waltzes'’ composed by Chas. Reps. uMus
eogee Indies’ Polka'’ composed and arranged by 1
Francis Rziha, and dedicated to the ladies of Co- ‘
lumbus. “Dearest Mae Polka,” by Francis Rziiia.
“Columbus Guards’ Quick Step,” composed by H.
Bernreuter, and dedicated to Capt. John Forsyth,
and arranged for the Piano by Charles Reps.
Jenny Lind is expected to arrive in this
counfry early in September next.
Hon. M. J. Wellborn-
We regret to learn from the following com
munication which appeared in the last Times,
that this gentleman declines a ‘renommatkm for
the post which he now fills so honorably to him
self, and so satisfactorily to his constituents. We
ihvor a proper rotation in office, but when the
places of public trust have been filled with com
petent men, who deservedly enjoy the confi
dence of the people, we ane disinclined so . fre
quently to incur the risk of change. Judge Wel
born’s distinguished ability, as well as his un
questioned integrity, eminently qualify him for
the position in which his fellow-citizens have
asked him to serve them, and we regret the ne
cessity which he thinks, urges him to the decis
ion he has made, to retire. We think, more
over, that his attention has been invited to this
subject prematurely. The election is nearly
eighteen months off yet, and many unforeseen
circumstances may transpire before that time,
which would influence Judge Wellborn’s pre
ferences in the matter. We hope that in the
choice of a successor, the district may be as for
tunate in the selection of a representative as true
and as able as the present incumbent.
Washington, April 15, 1850.
To the Editor of the ‘Times:
A friend and voter in our district has called
my attention by letter, to the subject of a re-nom
ination for Congress, at the approaching elec
tion. Will you have the goodness to give me a
place in your columns, to say that, grateful as I
feel for the popular confidence with which I
have been, on a past occasion, honored in this
connexion, I cannot think of incurring the sac
rifices and inconveniences that would attend a
second term here. Most respectfully yours, &c.
M. J. WELLBORN.
The Senate of Pennsylvania, by a vote of 18
to 15, have refused to concur in the House bill
divorcing Edwin Forest from his wife. The case
will go back to the courts of New York, where
the parties reside. From what we know of the
case, we agree with the New York Express,
that both parties have done that which ought
| to withdraw from them, private sympathy and
j public respect.
The Absconding Cashier of the C. R. R.
i Bank. —The Savannah Republican learns by
| advices received from Mr. Sheriff Pendegrast,
i now in England, that the Schooner Abel, on
which it is supposed Bulloch escaped, had not
arrived at her port of destination when the last
steamer sailed.
Save us from our Friends. —A subscriber
came into our office this morning and ordered
his paper to be discontinued, because, he sai 1,
he never had a chance to read it. The Carrier
no sooner.left it at. his door than his neighbors
cabbaged it, and when it returned, it was gen
erally read to pieces We are flattered, gentle
men, at your anxiety to read our columns, but
we prefer to remain unread than to lose the
names of paying subscribers. One year’s sub
scription will not ruin you, but one year's read
ing without subscribing, will soon ruin us.
The Cotton Market, Present and Prospective.
There are so many and so various causes af
fecting the price of the great southern staple,
that its fluctuations can not certainly be predict
ed from the ordinary laws of trade. In this, as
in every other article of commerce, the controll
ing element in the price is the ratio of the sup
ply to the demand, but in the cotton trade more
than any other, the operation of this principle is
subject to the modification of other causes. Os
these, the principal are, the abundance or scarci
ty of provisions, the political quiet or disturban
ces of the great commercial powers of the globe,
and the condition of their monetary affairs.—
There are various other influences which may
graduate, but none that can control, the opera
tion of these causes. Viewed with reference to
these elements of its price, there can be but one
opinion as to the prospects of the Cotton Market.
On this side the Atlantic there is no conflict in
the estimates of the crop. There is not a respon
sible broker in any of the cotton marts of the
country who will risk a higher figure than 2000,-
000 bales, and the general estimate does not ex
ceed-1900.000 bales. The demand will to a con
siderable extent be abated by the price, but to
meet the aclual wants of the Manufacturers, a
crop of 2700,000 is required. The actual con
sumption in England alone during the year 1849
was 1,600,000 bales. The high price may, and
probably will, reduce the demand this year to
1.400,000. The consumption by American spin
ners will, in spite ofhigh prices, reach to 550,000
In all other countries the demand will not fall
short of 700,000 bales. To meet this, we may
count on an American crop of, say 1,900,000
bales, and the crop from the East Indies and
all other countries can not exceed 450,000
bales, making a total supj>ly of 2,350,000,- a
gainst an actual and almost imperative demand
of 2,650,000. So far then as our estimates of the
price of cottdn are predicated of this great para
mount law of trade, the inevitable tendency is to
still higher rates. As to the provision crops of
Europe and America, the prospects at this sea
son of the year were never more promising.—
The finances of England are in a most healthy
condition; money is abundant. The only remain
ing consideration, and that from which most is
to be apprehended, is the political sialus of the
European powers. There, change is the order
of the day. A clear sky and an unclouded hor
ison is no sure indication that a storm will not
rage to-morrow. So far, however, as peace and
quiet are to be argued from present indications,
we need not seriously apprehend disturbances.
There is no reason , therefore, for fearing an
abatement of present prices; on the contrary,
so far as we can rely upon the certainty of any
result, from an estimate of well ascertained cau
ses, we may look for still further advances. We
refer our readers for more satisfactory data,
to the article in another column from the New
York Herald.
In a Hurry.— The Cassville Standard of
the 25th ult. nominates Hon. Lewis Cass for
President and Hon. Howell Cobb for Vice
President in 1852.
Col. Benton has instituted criminal proceedings
against Gen. Foote for drawing a pistol on him
in the Senate Chamber.
A Candidate for the Presidency.— The Wash
ington correspondent of the Pennsylvanian says that
it hears that Col. Benton has expressed his deter
mination to run as a “stump candidate” for the Pre
sidency in 1852; and adds, that “as strange as this
determination may appear, I nevertheless believe
it to be strictly yue.’ I have seen stumps for
constableships, (says he,) and indeed for all offices in
the gift of the people, up to that of member of Con
gress; but to hear a gentleman modestly recom
mending himself for the Presidency, will be richer
than cream. However, it will take one so usually
self-satisfied as the Colonel, to do this,
A New Line of Atlantic Steamers. —The New
York Herald gives an account of the trial trip of a
new steamship called the “Atlantic” which has just
been completed, aud is the first of anew line, to be
constructed by E. K. Collins, of that city. It is in
tended for the Now York and Liverpool trade, and is i
described as the most magnificent steamer which has i
ever been built, and in point of speed is’ unrivalled. 1
The 5 ankees are a great people. In availability of
genius, their equals have never lived on the globe ;
an if we are to judge the future by the miracles of
the past, it looks like folly to undertake to prescribe
j limits thelr * nvent ions and discoveries. If ever the
I Atlantic 18 B P anned b >’ th magnetic wires, it will be
j the work of a Yankee; if ever its broad expanse is
j navigated in half the time now required, to a Yankee
| will belong the honor of having accomplished it.
1 [correspondence of the “SOUTHERN sentinel.”
New Orleans, April 27, 1850.
Dear Sentinel —Our city at present is ex
| tremely dull—not a single item of news that
| would be at all interesting to your readers,
and consequently this letter will be “stale,
flat, and unprofitable.”
Our city elections came off on the 24th
inst. The former Mayor, A. D. Crossman,
was re-elected by a handsome majority 7 over
his Democratic opponent, S. C. Bell—and
much to the regret of all good and true whigs,
that sterling man, Joshua Baldwin, was de
feated by r J. 11. Caldwell, for Recorder of the
2d Municipality, by a majority. Charles
S. Reese, Esq., a promising young lawyer,
and who formerly resided in Crawford, Ala.,
near your city, was elected 2d District At
torney by a handsome majority.
Considerable excitement prevails through
the city in relation to the supposed demon
stration which is expected to he made on the
Island of Cuba. Gen. Lopez, the leader of
the affair, is in this city, and is at present a
guest of one of the editors of the “Delta.”
He is perfectly sanguine of success, and says
! that immediately on a landing being effected
thousands upon thousands of the Creoles of
the Island will flock to his standard. The
hatred of the old Spaniards to a native horn
Cubano is more intense and hitter than to
wards any other people in the world, and if
an open rupture does not take place, you may
look out for hard knocks on both sides. The
Spaniards will resist to the death before they
will suffer the “Queen of the Antilles,” the
brightest jewel in the Crown of Spain, to be
wrested from them; and if the Liberators ex
pect child’s play, and that they will occupy
the island quietly and without a struggle,
they will he most egregiously deceived.
When the writer of this was in Cuba some
years ago, the standing army of the island
was estimated to he about 27,000 men, near
ly all of whom were natives of the mother
country, and commanded by brave and expe
rienced officers, who had seen hard service in
Europe in the Peninsula war. The Spanish
troops are well known to be the most loyal
soldiers to their government in Europe, and
the idea that no men can make good soldiers
except the Anglo Saxons, is an exploded one,
for during the late war with Mexico, the only
fault with the Mexican troops, was, that they
were badly officered—no one thought for a
moment that their file of the army were other
than men of courage.
A considerable number of young men from
| your city arrived here this morning, and will
take passage on. the Fajcon for Chagres,
which leaves on Monday, the 29th inst.
They are all in fine health and spirits, and are
sanguine that a fortune awaits each of them
1 in the New El Dorado of California.
Hie U. S. fashion, Capt. Baker, arrived
here yesterday morning from Tampa Bay.
Gen. Twiggs had not, up to .the moment of
her departure, effected anything like a treaty
with the Indians—they are determined not to
emigrate to the West, and if force is to he us
ed with them, they will most certainly resist
—a little gentle force ala Harney will he
the most effectual way of getting rid of them.
T rade, generally, has not been very ac
tive during the last week. Since the receipt
of news by the last steamer from Liverpool,
cotton lias advanced fully l-4c. in this mar
ket, and the inquiry for the article and anxie
ty 7 to fill the foreign orders which have been
on hand some time, will, it is generally con
ceded, have a tendency to advance the mar
! ket still more. I quote at present, Middling
I 11 5-8 a 12c.; Good Middling 12 1-8 a 12
! l-4e. Not a great deal has changed hands
j during the week, owing mainly because pur
! chasers do not like to submit to the advance,
and factors are stubborn in holding on and
insisting upon the advance. Bagging 13 l-2c.
Rope (5 1-2 a 7 l-4c. according to quality.—
Choice Sugars 4 3-4 a sc. Clarified and
Refined 5 1-4 a 6 l-4c. per lb. Whiskey
-20 1-2 a2l l-2c. Molasses 21 a23 l-2e.
Au revoir,
KOSMOS.
From the Baltimore Patriot, April 20.
Further Accounts by the America.
The America’s dates are from Liverpool to the
6th, London to the sth, and Paris to the 4th
instant.
ENGLAND.
Since the sailing of the previous steamer Par
liament has done little more than vote the sup
plies and transact other business of a local and
uninteresting character.
miring the Easter recess, Lord John Russell
passed some time at Manchester.
In addition to the Lord Lieutenancy of Ire
land, it is stated that the Government have it in
contemplation to abolish the Irish Courts of Law,
and transfer the whole machinery for governing
to London. Both measures are violently op
posed by the Irish press.
The new Catholic Primate of Ireland, Dr. Cul
len, has issued f irst pastoral, which eman
ates from Rome, and is free from all allusion to
politics.
Agricultural operations, both in England and
Ireland are being carried on this year on a most
extensive scale.
The Protestantists still continue to hold meet
ings, in the apparently vain hope of reimposing
a tax upon the importations of articles now free.
Mr. DTsraeli, the leader of the party, is still
severely indisposed.
1 he repeal agitation has been partially renew
ed in Ireland, under the auspices of John O’Con
nel but there was a lack of its former spirit.
The trade in the wollen districts has sensibly I
improved of late.
Advicea to the last of November have been re- !
ceived from Hobartstown, Van Dieman’s Land, i
announcing Ihe arrival of Smith O’Brien and 1
his associates in the Irish rebellion of 1849. The j
felons were granted tickets to leave on condition
of their engaging that their liberty should not be
used as a means to etfect their escape. All, with
the exception of O’Brien, accepted the boon.—
He has been sent under surveillance to Maria
Island.
Advices from Turkey state that preparations
were making for the removal of Kossuth and
other Hungarian prisoners to Kalucha, in Asia
Minor, where they are to be confined for five
* ’ a \ recent number of the Roman Observer
sa y S • “The return of the Pope is definitely fix
ed for the 6th instant, giving general satisfac
tion.” , _ .
The Paris correspondent ol the London Stan
dard, of a late date, says“ The Goverumet is
said to have received despatches from Germany,
which lead to the belief that a collision between
Austria and Prussia is almost unavoidable.
Language of both parties partake more of the
hostile.”
Advices from Athens to the 19th March fur
nish only the confirmation of previous reports.
Eleven of the captured vessels have been given
up by Sir Wm. Parker. ‘
• FRANCE.
At Paris, althoug increased excitement and
greater bitterness between conflicting parties, the
only marked events during the past fortnight
have been first the revolt of one of the regiments
which the government has not succeeded in
quelling. Second a popular demonstration, in a
small way, against Louis Napoleon, as he passed
through the streets. Perhaps the most signifi
cant events in the Legislative Assembly, was a
’ proposition by M. de la Rochjayulin 6eing a friend
of the President, to the effect that on the Ist
Sunday in June, the nation should be called up
on to pronounce definitely of the formation of a
government, which it should chose to select, and
I that every elector should be called upon to in
| serbe on his ballot “Monarchy.” or “Republique ?
| That if a Republic should acquire a majority, it
| should be pronounced in the Chamber of the
| President of the Republic ; and if Monarchy ob
! tains a majority, it should be pronounced by the.
j President of the Assembly,
j This remarkable proposition was received in
| silence by the majority, and by derisive sneers
from the mountain. The proposition was not
put to test, in consequence of not having been
| seconded, and the previous question immediate
ly voted unanimously. The members of the
mountain received the announcement with cries
of “Vivela Republique!”
It is said that the President of the Republic
so deeply in debt that nothing but the possession
of the Imperial crown can extricate him, and he
is at present engaged in negotiating with Russia
for the purpose of possessing himself of tiiat, to
him, now necessary protection. The govern
ment is perseveringly employed in introducing
their measures of coercion, in which the majority
of . the assembly support them.
PRUSSIA.
A serious rupture has occurred between the
the governments of Prussia and Wurternburg,
in consequence of the tone assumed by the
King of the latter country, in opening the Cham
bers. The government of Prussia has address
ed a note t® that of Wurternburg, conceived in
very strong terms, expressing the astonishment
oftiie King’s government at the speech; re
grets with most profound indignation, the sus
picions and accusations it contains, and declares
its duty to reply thereto, or to discontinue di
plomatic relations with Wurternburg.
GERMANY.
Berlin, it is said, Is to be surrounded with for
tified barracks, which have already been com
menced near one of the gates of lhe city.
The German parliament assembled at Erfurt,
on the 20th of March.
Advices are received to the 20th of March, at
which time little had been done beyond organ
izing the Assembly.
It is said that negotiations have been opened
I by the central power of Germany with the Uni
: ted States for the purchase of American ves-
I selsof war, completely equipped for service.
SPAIN.
The report from Madrid of a speedy recon
| ciliation between the English and Spanish gov
; ernments is confirmed.
TUSCANY.
The Fuscan government has refused to ac
j cede to Lord Palmerston's demand of iudemni
j ty for losses sustained by their subjects at Lecr
i horn lost year. The difficulty has been submit
; t-d to the arbitreti nos the S;.rdii;ian g ve.n
j meat.
I ‘ DIA.
i Another mail has arrived from India, bringing
I dates from Bombay to the 22d of March, and
‘ from Calcutta to the 20th of February. There
j are evidences of growing uneasiness on the
| part of the people, and several rather serious
j demonstrations have been made against the
British as an inevitable consequence. More val
; liable territory has been annexed to the East
j India Company’s possessions. Trade at Bom
bay is unsatisfactory, except- produce, which
was scarce, and money market stringent. At
Calcutta affairs present a more encouraging
aspect
THE MARKETS-
Liverpool, April s.—Throughout the week
i succeeding the departure of, the last steamer
| our market continued im a- dull and inactive
! state, with prices rather, in favor of buyers.
; This was succeeded by a better demand, with
| more steadiness in prices..
; On the day preceding the arrival cftheCan
’ ada, in the anticipation that the advices by her
! would show a further large decrease in the re
, ceipts at the ports, which being confirmed, an
1 active speculative inquiry sprung up.
On the second week buyers having mnnifest
! ed no dispositton to purchase fieyond their irn
j mediate wants, and the trails in Manchester
! continying dull, all activity has ceased, the mar.
1 ket closing quietly, wit a strong desire on the
! part of holdere to realize.. Fair Orleans are
! quoted at 7 1-8, Fair Mobile, 6 3-4, Fair Upland
’ 6 7-8, and middling qualities 6 3-8-a 6 1-2 and. per
| lb. The sales for the week ending on the 28th
I ult. were 22.420 bales, of which speculators
I t00k9,620 and exporters 1i,890. bales.
Those for the week ending this evening are
; estimated at 42,880 bales, of which speculators
i have taken 14,600 aad’ speculators 3,690.
The American descriptions sold, consist of
I 17,350 bales of Upland, at 5 1-2 a 7 1-2, New
Orleans, at 5 1-8 a 8, 4,249 Mobile and Alabama;
! at 5 3-4 a 7, and 270 Sea Island at 10 a 16d per
lb. The total stock of Cotton in the port ie ca.Hl
ed 405,000 bales, of which 5*92,000’ are Ameri
can, against a stock this period of last year of
j 140,000, of which 290,000 were American.
! Dr. Webster.—The Boston Transcript,
j speaking of tho anonymous epistles to the
State ;yid City authorities from various sec
tions of the country, relative to Dr, Webster’s
trial, says:
“Persons at a distance can have but little
idea of the unanimity of sentiment here, or
of the loyalty of our population to their con
stituted rulers, to think that all the methods
they adopt to turn the current of popular feel
ing, or to prevent the execution of our laws,
will have the slightest effect upon those who
are the sworn ministers of justice, in the State
of Massachusetts.”
Georgia Bituminous Coal.— Wc are in
formed that au inexhaustible bed of Bitumi
nous Coal exists in Walker county, just be
yond the Tunnel and very near the Railroad.
It is the property of a Mr, Cravens, who de
signs working it in connection with a com
pany at Chattanooga, and we learn that on
the completion of the Tunnel, we may expect
large supplies of the article in this market.
We are told that Coal will probably be laid
down by this company in Augusta, and sup
plied to purchasers at $5,50 to $6 per ton.
This is but little more than halfits present cost
in this city. One result that we may antici.
pate from this enterprise, is the general intro,
duction of grates and the use of coal in fami
lies in this city, as at the above price coal
will be less than half the cost of firewood
In a more enlarged view of the ease this
business will add greatly to the wealth of tho
State, There will be a very general and extern
si\ e demand for coal for various purposes, in
creasing from, year to year—and the amount
of freight it will contribute to the several
Railroads of the State, will add materially
to their respective resources.— Augusta
stituiionalist .