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from i* th ,! / had resolved never to recede one
inch!” And how did General Washington,
(tresit from the most authentic readings of
the Constitution, and surrounded by as emi
nent a cabinet as ever adorned the counsels
of this eountrv,) deal with this lofty and high
toned menace? Did ho issue his proclama
tion, threatening the State with military re
cti,Jut or coercion ? JV o’ he. Did he deny
t o the State the right of secession, or the right
of jitdg’rig of the fit occasion for its exercise?
‘{either and never. The action he took con
ceded both rights fully, lie addressed him
self wholly to the affections and interests of
Kentucky” to induce her to postpone her ac
tion,, find, through hi- parental councils, saved
ihe .f nion fiom impending dismemberment.
In the words of the eminent citizen just re
ferred *t >, “Col. James Innis, of Virginia,
clothyd with authority from President Wash-
disclose the state of the negotia-
with Spain, on the interesting subject
wldqlt agitated the public feeling in Kentucky,
repaired to the eapitol of that State, opened
a correspondence with the Governor, gave
satisfactory explanations to the Legislature,
succeeded in the important object
of lita mission.”
‘•fO man of sound sentiments and skilled in
the counsels of statesmanship, has ever read
General W ashington’s Farewell Address with
.a tvVkv.of the profound thought employed in
it: and doubted of his sentiments
ns to secession being the ultimate and the
rightful remedy for all the ills of union the
Styles fire heirs to—after all other expedients
have .been resorted to and have failed of re
(lress. ‘i'iie parental solicitude displayed by
“flu: Falla r of his Country” for theperpe
(nih/ of the Union has been the theme of the
puljjp applauses and grateful remembrances
of &ueh of the generations which have borne
the burthen of life, since that inestimable be
<jusst was made to his country. Shallow
which have never reached tlie depth of
t!:(|fe profound thoughts and disturbing ap
prehensions of the future, which swayed his
( actions and solid understanding, have paus
ed-aid wondered at the circumstance, that
he should never have said a word in the ad
dress,.nor cautioned his countrymen against
tlie* - stealthy and perilous workings of trka
so.x, the greatest of the crimes op States. —
This has ever proven the (b adly bane and
epidemic through which all othergovemments
but ours have met their fate and their fali, “in
their day and generation.” To the mind of
Washington, there were sound and satisfac
tory reasons for. so noble a silence. One of
these was, that the Constitution had already
conferred .upon Congress ample powers to
provide for the prosecution and punishment
of treason, as well as of counterfeiting, pira
cy, offences against the law of nations, and
( fall other felonies known to the Constitution
and.laws, and tlie terror of punishment was
more effective than counsels for men prone to
become either traitors or felons. Another
reason was, that Washington had no dread
wterttverof the Union being overthrown by
in aeon or any other crime which individuals ,
ami in tlieir private capacities alone, could
conduit; and these are the only crimes of
which the Constitution takes notice, or de
nounces and punishes. No sir! none of these
things gave his patriotic heart a thought ora
care. ‘Hie imminent perils of State which
el hr,bed the contemplation of his calm and
excellent mind, and weighed it down and
aroused its alarms, related to contingencies,
which, happen when they might, would be no
< ;i;ncs at all; and had they been, were be-
V 1 ;-’ ---"Rilction of the Constitution, and
which taut instrument,,,
prevent or restrain or to punish, had no where
forbidden, but on the contrary, the contin
gences he deprecated and deplored, derived
choir whole authorization from the compact
of Union itself; and thus the remedy, like
the. disease, rested exclusively with the States
fflio were parties to that compact! Wash
ington’s apprehensions touching the safety of
the Union had their origin in causes far deep
er and vaster than treason, or any other
c.r'iinc known to the laws. Ho confidingly
trusted, that the people’s spontaneous love of
the Union would always preserve it from any
assaults from the masses, and as to the few
aspiring and turbulent spirits, dispersed pro
miscuously through the Union, who might
traitorously meditate its overthrow, he did
not doubt, but that the terrors of the law and
its effective administration would amply pro
tect it against all assaults from these sources.
No,sir! The far-reaching sagacity of George
W ashington, which looked quite through the j
motives and designs of men, foresaw in the
slavery institution, in the distinctive geograph
ical partitions which sundered the free from
the slave States, in the rapider growth of the
fQVmer than the latter through foreign migra
tion, in the temptations and tendencies to en
croachments from the North upon the rights
of tlie South, the imminent danger there were,
of the formation of parties upon geographi
cal lines, the raising of sectional issues, and
(lie growth, the spread, and the intensity of i
kettional jealousies. In all this he predicted
while lie deplored the cama-causans of an
Eventual disruption of the Union. He saw
mat the Federal Constitution had not provi
ded-, nor could have provided, any means of
prevention against such a calamity, hut
through the total destruction of tlie State ;
sovereignties, the expunctiou of the right of ;
Utate secession, and the absolute consolida- I
.fciuu and centralization of the government!— !
Regarding these as leading directly and in- I
-c.vitahly to the establishment of a central de- j
Egotism, and the destruction of tlie public
liberties, ho deemed them to be infinitely I
worse than a dissolution of the Union itself,
and seeing no other salvation for that, but in
the sound and enduring affections and com
mon interests of the people of the States, to
|tlfcse he addressed himself, and with a power
miid pathos which no true-hearted patriot ev
er read and forgot! That great and good
man was not mistaken! The crisis ho so
portrayed and deplored is present, with us
now! Who is there but realizes how true
wer,e his prediiictions, how conservative his
counsels! Would to God! they had been
as widely heeded,as they have been intensely
felt! Yet even vow, and in this alarming
crisis of our destinies, it is not too late! The
power is ample and tlie responsibility is great,
and the free States are the sole depositories
of both! Never since the world began, did
any body of men have the means of impart
iug tranquility and joy to the bosoms of so !
many millions of men upon easier terms. The
•South begrudges the North nothing, and
wants nothing that is hers ; all she wants is
her own, and ail she claims is justice, equal
rights, and the Constitution as it is written!—
Give her these, and vouchsafe her these, and
doomsday may come and find us one people!
What say you m nos tlie North —is not the
blessing worth the boon? Yes, or. No!
RANDOLPH, OF ROANOKE.
O Cr A Dutchman once wanted to wed a
widow, and his manner of making known his ’
feelings was as follows:
“If you ish content to get a potter for a 1
worse, to be happy for a miserable, and if you
shmokes and drinks ale, I shall take you lor
no potter and much worse. ’ L pon which
the lady said—“ Yaw.”
Un gallant.—At the 4th of July celebra
tion in Columbus, the following toast, among
j others, was drank :
“Woman —God bless her—fair, frail and
fickle —but still, God bless her.”
Friend Jones, prepare your self to hear bad
news.
My gracious ! speak ! what is it ?
Your wife is dead.
Oh, dear, how you frightened me! I thought
my house was burned down.
SOUTHERN SENTINEL.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA:
THURSDAY MORNING, AUG. 29, 1850.
To Correspondents. —“E. S. R.” is on file for
publication next week. “Lenox” lias mistaken his
calling. He was not born a poet, and we have not
much hope that he will ever be made one. “Hamp
den” is under consideration.
ET lions. J. L. Orr, M. J. Wellborn and Tlu
j A. Haralson, have our thanks for congressional
j speeches and other documents.
De Row's Review.—Tiie August number, which
: the Editor informs us has been delayed by an accident,
j has just been received. The contents are as fol
| lows :
I. Government of British India, by W. Adam,
Esq.
11. Commerce of the Red Sea and the East, by
Emanuel Weiss.
111. National Vanity, by Z.
IV. Monctte's “Early Spirit of the West,” review
ed by Mason Butler.
V. The Baron Humboldt's Cosmos, by Prof. C. G.
Forshey, of N. O.
VI. Supposititious Reviews, by J. M. Legaro.
VII. The Late Cuba Expedition, by tlie Editor.
VIII. Protection of the Low Lauds of the Missis
sippi, No. 2, by J. G. Barnard.
IX. Slavery—-Mr. Calhoun’s Letter to Mr. King.
X. Progress of the Western and Southern States.
XI. Department of Agriculture.
XII. Department of Manufactures.
XIII. Department of Internal Improvements.
XIV. Miscellaneous.
XV. Editorial Department.
The number before us contains 12S pages, (the
usual number,) and tlie table of contents, with tlie
names of the contributors, sufficiently indicates the in
terest with which they are filled. Prof. De Bow is
one of the most deservedly distinguished commercial
writers in America, and his pen, purse and energy
are all devoted to the maintaiiinnee and improve
ment of this work. It should be in tlie hands of ev
ery commercial man at the South. But its interest
is by no means confined to the commercial reader;
its pages are filled with articles of interest to plant
ers, statesmen, manufacturers and professional men.
The subscription price is only $5, and to the class of
readers of which we have spoken, it is better worth
tlie money, than any other publication in the country.
Honor to whom honor, &e.—We last week call
ed the attention of the health officers to a nuisance,
in the shape of a frog pond, on Oglethorpe street.
We have been informed by one of the Board of
.Health, that this and similar nuisances have been
brought to the notice of the Council, and that not one
step has been 1 alien to abate them ! Let censure rest
where it is deserved.
—i\t an election held at the various pre
cincts in this county on Thursday last, Capt. Wm. N.
Nelson was chosen Colonel of the Muscogee Regi
ment of Militia. Capi. Nelson is an officer of expe
rience, having had command, for sometime, as Senior
Captain, of a regiment of volunteers in the late war
with Mexico, and if the present system (?) would tol
erate such a tiling, we have no doubt he would prove
a most efficient organizer of the militia in this county.
Muscogee and Russell Agricultural Society.
Yv e are requested to give notice that this associa
tion will meet at tlie Society Room on Friday next
(to-morrow) at 10 o’clock, a. in.
Destructive Storm.—As far as we have heard
from, this whole section of country was visited by a
very destructive storm of wind and rain on Friday
night last. Trees in large quantities are torn up by
the roots, and the timber blown down in tlie corn and
cotton fields has done great damage to those crops.—
The cotton stalks where they were at all luxuriant, or
loaded with fruit, were twisted almost from the
ground, not only to the great injury of the cotton that
was open, but leaving the weed in a very precarious
condition. We understand that South of this, sever
al houses were blown to the ground. Tlie damage
to the crop cannot be estimated, but it is undoubted
ly very considerable.
The State Fair.
Among the premiums awarded at the State Fair,
held at Atlanta, the 14th and 15th inst., we ob
serve the following to the ladies and gentlemen of
Columbus: For the best cotton gin, to E. T.
Taylor & Cos., $lO. To Geo. Jones, for a specimen
of wheat. $lO. —(This was a fine specimen of. white
wheat weighing sixty-eight pounds to the bushel.) For
a specimen of wine, to C. A. J’eabodv, a silver cup.—
The committee pronounced this the finest specimen of
native wine that had ever fallen under, their notice.
Superior water buckets, to R. G. .Jefferson, (the
Troy Wooden Ware Cos.) $5. For specimens of
rope, yarn, sewing thread and balls, from the Home
Factory, a silver cup. For specimens of shirting,
sheeting and osnaburghs, from the .Howard Factory,
$5. For a fine specimen of iinsey, from the Coweta
Factory, $5. For a silk quilt, by Mrs. F. Wilkins,
an honor. For a beautiful wrought shell work piano I
cover, by Mrs. John A. Urquhart, a silver cup.
For a piano cover, wrought in birds and flowers, by Mrs.
Jas. F. Winter, a diploma. For a beautifully eo
vevered ottoman stand, by Mrs. Davis Mulford, a
silver cup. For a pair of ottoman covers, raised
work, wrought in crewel, by Mrs. R. Bennett, a silver 1
medal. For a beautiful raised work pin cushion, by j
Mrs. E. V> . Starr, a diploma. For beautiful spe
cimens of braided hair, by Master Theodore FoglE. !
a silver medal. For an embroidered picture, by Miss
M. L. Slade, a silver medal. For a stand cover,
raised work, l.y Miss 3M. J. Woodruff, a silver
medal. For a raised work lamp stand mat, by Miss
Adelaide Johnson, a diploma. For a Patch Quilt, by
Mrs. M. D. Shaw, a premium and $3, and for another,
an honor. 1-or a fine specimen of oil painting, by
Mrs. John A. Urquiiart, first premium, $lO. Fora
beautiful picture, by Miss J ane Dixon, an honor. For a
beautiful picture, by Miss Mary Nuckolls, a silver
medal. Three pictures in oil, by Master George
Maugham, a silver cup. For paintings, by Misses
Slade, an honor. For the Flag of the Muscogee and
Russell Agricultural Society, painted by Miss Jane
Dixon, a silver cup. For the Tent Os the Muscogee
and Russell delegation, a silver cup.
Georgia Asylum lor the Deaf and Dumb.
We have received the First Annual Retort of
the commissioners for this institution, located at Cave
Spring, Floyd county, Ga. In 1534 Mr. Weld, the
Principal of the American Asylum at Hartford,
Conn., visited this State for the purpose of awa
kening an interest on the subject of educating
deaf mutes. lie succeeded in getting an appropria
tion from the Legblature of $4,500. This was the
origin of the movement which has resulted in the
present establishment. It is now well organized, pro
per buildings have been erected, a competent board of
instruction provided, and the efficient services of Mr.
Oliver P. Fannin, secured as Principal. Mr. F. is
a gentleman of finished education, and peculiarly ad
apted in moral qualifications for the responsible and
benevolent work in which he is engaged. Under
his care, the institution must prosper. There are at
present twenty-one pupils in the school, and judging
by some very interesting specimens of composition,
appended to the report, they are making a progress
truly astonishing in the elementary branches of an
English education.
The Mass Meeting at Macon. — We have not
room this week for the proceedings of the meeting.
The Resolutions adopted were strong, spirited and to
the point. The number in attendance is variously
estimated at from 2,500 to 6,000.
O’ It is finally ascertained that the majority
against Benton, in the Missouri Legislature, is thirty
five.
The Texas Boundary Bill.— The Washington
Union of Sunday says, so strong is the feeling of
t opposition to this Bill, on the part of the Northern
and Southern Extremists, even the “Moderates” are
beginning to give away. The Editor is assured that
this Bill, if it be pressed first, will be lost by twenty
votes.
Tiie State of New Mexico! —Dr. Henry Cox
noly has been elected Governor, and Emanuel Al
varez Lieut. Governor of the new State. Maj. R.
-11. Whitman, and Maj. T. A. Cunningham, have
been elected U. S. Senators.
Large Ratification Meeting. —The Mississip
pian of the 16th inst. contains a call of the friends of
the Nashville convention, for a ratification meeting,
signed by 3‘JB names, and for want of space; 150
names are omitted.
Highly Important Irom Washington l
We find in the correspondence of the N. V. Her
ald, from Washington, the following very interesting
and startling piece of intelligence :
“The democracy of Georgia is divided on the subject
of selecting a candidate to run for Governor of the State.
The Union men are in favor of running Mr. Speaker
Cobb, while the fire-eaters arc for running Mi. ox-Sen
ator Colquitt.”
This may be taken as a pretty fair specimen of
“Washington Correspondence.” The professional
letter writer at Washington is equally noted for the
readiness and the ingenuity with which lie manufac
tures news. lie is paid to give the u dolsf and if
they are not to be had otherwise, he invents them.
Os eourse, the author of the paragraph above, never
heard of such a thing as lie there publishes. lie
was short of material, and this report would do as
well as any tiling else, to fill out bis letter.
The Position of Georgia.
The eyes of public men in every section of the Un
ion are turned to the position which our State is to as
sume in the present crisis. The action of her last
Legislature has placed her in the van of the move
ment, and such is (he relation which she now sustains
to the other Southern States and to the Union, that
it may very certainly be predicted, “as goes Georgia,
so goes the South.” The position is a proud one ; it
is an unenviable one, because it is the most responsi
ble which has ever yet devolved upon any State in
the confederacy. What shall Georgia do ? The
question comes home to every man whose vote may
help to decide her course at the ballot box. It is one
which he should weigh well, and having determined
the path of duty, he should firmly plant his feet there,
uncaring consequences. It is time the people should
b<>£iu to make up their minds on this question. If we
have not misinterpreted an- nupon or inc tunes, tlie
crisis is fast approaching, and we should be prepared
for it. There is very little doubt now that we shall
soon witness the happening of one of those contingen
ces upon which it is made the duty of the Governor
to assemble a convention of tlw people of Georgia for
the purpose of determining the mode and measure of
redress. There is but one mode of redress when that
contingency shall have happened, and that is seces
sion from the Union. The question for the people
to determinine is, shall Georgia secede, if California
is admitted as a State with her present boundaries
and constitution ? For our own part, we have con
sidered this matter well; we have endeavored to di
vest its consideration of every thing like passion or
prejudice, and have determined our position solely
with honest reference to tliu honor, the interests and
the duty- of tlie South. We have taken this position,
and we intend to maintain it. until the South has hon
ored her cause in victory, or disgraced her name in
submission. e know that those whom we regret to
call our opponents, have painted a gloomy future to
secession. We believe they- have permitted their
fears rather than their judgement to sketch the pic
ture, but wlmt if their predictions be true ? Are
men to be driven from a position assumed in honest
obedience to principle, from a servile fear of tlie con
sequences ? It may be high-minded conservatism in
politics to do so, but he who acts upon this plan in
every day life, deservedly wears the brand of Cow
ard. But tlie horrors of disunion is a miserable
bug-bear. Who is going to make war upon the
South for seceding from the Union? The North?
4\ hat would she gain, nay-, what would she not lose
by- it ? V ould she attempt to coerce the South back
into the Union ? Me do not believe there is a sensi
ble man in the Union who would answer this question
affirmatively. Then who is going to make war up
on us ? TV hose throats would shed the “oceans of
blood” through which wo are told we will have to
wade to disunion ?
But we are appealed to by- our love of the L r nion,
by our veneration for the good and great names of
better days, and by our devotion to the u stars and
stripes ,” not to dissolve the Government. The ap
peal should be made to our oppressors and not to us.
Ihe same appeal, with as much propriety, might have
been made in 1770, to the memorable struggles of
the people of England for their rights. Our own
more recent contest for freedom, speaks in thunder
tones, in reprobation of the very- course to which we
are now invited. How much more intolerable are the
outrages now imposed by- the North upon the South,
than were the grievances for which our forefathers
then went to war ? It lias been said that they took
up arms for a preamble ; certainly it was a contest
for principles not more sacred than are those involv
ed in the present sectional controversy, and are we
to be told that Georgia will falter in her devotion to
those principles ? We can not believe it. nor will we,
until we are compelled to hang our head in humilia
ting acknowledgement of the fact.
“A few months since the ultraists and disorganizes of
the South, were loud in their denunciations of the leg
islation of Congress on the subject of slavery. No epi
thet was too coarse or opprobrious to be applied to this
journal for maintaining the position that it was the duty
of Congress to so legislate in reference to the conquer
ed territories as to make them free to all citizens of the
Union with their property—in other words to repeal the
laws of Jiexieo which abolished slavery-.”
Tlie Chronicle Sentinel of the 21st selects the
I ersatile Editor” as his text, and preaches his read
ers a sermon on consistency. Tlie paragraph which we
have chosen as our text, is a part of that sermon, and
we venture that as a specimen of the most complete
inconsistency, it is scarcely to be rivalled even in the
columns of that very- versatile sheet. Tlie Chronicle
<s■ Sentinel “maintained the position that it was the
duty of Congress so to legislate in reference to the
conquered territories as to make them free to all citi
zens of the Union with their property—in other
words to repeal the laws of Mexico which abolished
slavery,” and it maintained this opinion just long
enough to excite the general apprehensions of tlie
people that there might be sonic truth in its position,
and thereby effectually to restrain all emigration from
the South to those territories, and just there, when
the South begins to demand that Congress shall re
lieve her of this difficulty, her cause is abandoned
and her champions denounced as “ultraists and dis
organizers.” Are we to understand that the Chron
icle cj- Scntinet has discarded its former position, or
is it now willing to waive this claim upon Congress
merely- for the sake of peace ? We have not yet
been able to discover that feature in the Clay Com- !
promise which in this particular remedies the defect j
in the Clayton Compromise of last session, and if, as
the Chronicle <f- Sentinel contended, a repeal of the
supposed Mexican laws against slavery was necessa
ry for the protection of the South, and involved an
imperative duty of Congress, how is it that we now
find that journal the clamorous advocate of the Clay
Compromise ? But is there really any- inconsistency
in the course of those who denounced Mr. Stephens
for his opposition to the Clayton Compromise, and
now oppose the Clay- Compromise ? That gentleman
defeated the Clayton Compromise on the pretext that
it did not repeal the anti-slavery laws of Mexico
which he contended were still in existence, and the
Chronicle <j- Sentinel sustained him in it, while the
true friends of the South opposed him. The Clay-
Compromise is brought forward, and it is understood
that Mr. Stephens supported it, and the Chronicle
Sentinel is known to be its advocate, while the
South opposes it. The bills are identical in the par
ticular referred to, and yet both parties have com
pletely changed their positions. Which is guilty of
inconsistency- ? To answer this we must inquire into
the motives which prompted them respectively.—
Messrs. Stephens and Toombs, and their organ, the
Chronicle if- Sentinel , were opposed to the former
bill on the ground, as we have seen, that it did not
sufficiently secure the rights of the South. Now un
less it can be shown that the Clay- Bill supplies this
defect in the other, it is manifestly inconsistent
to oppose one and support the other. On the other
hand, almost tlie entire South supported tlie Clayton
Bill on the ground that it extended the Constitution
over tlie new territories, and therefore a sufficient
guaranty- of the rights of the South. Had this bill
become a law thousands of Southerners would have
emigrated, and carried their property with them, to
that country, believing that they- would have been se
cure in its enjoyment. We now oppose the Clay
bill, not because we believe that the laws of Mexico
are in force in the territories, but because, by the con
stant reiteration of this doctrine by Messrs. Stephens
and Toombs, and the Chronicle <J- Sentinel, the peo
ple have been made to apprehend that those laws
might still be in force, and for fear thereof, have been
deterred from carrying their slave property there. Is
there any consistency in this? And is there not a
great deal of inconsistency on the other side? What
is it that prevents such emigration to that country
now ? What but the fear that they- will be deprived
of their property by the laws of Mexico ?It is, there
fore, as much now as before, the “duty of Congress to
so legislate in reference to them as to make them free
to all citizens of the Union with their property"-, in
other words, to repeal the laws of Mexico abolishing
slavery.”
Congressional. —The Senate is engaged in the
discussion of the Fugitive Slave Bill. In the House
tiie Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation Bill is under
consideration.
Elections.
North Carolina. —The returns are all in, and
the result is that Reid (Dem.) is elected Governor by
3455. The Democrats have made a nett gain of
Senators and Commoners, and will have a majority on
joint ballot of 14. Parties stand thus: in the Sen
ate, Democrats 27, Whigs 23 ;in the House, Demo
crats 65, Whigs 55.
Kentucky".— The Whigs have elected a majority
in both branches of the Legislature.
Missouri. —The probability is the Whigs have
carried the State. .Ton* Darev (Whig) is elected
to Congress from the Ist District. Porter (Whig)
in the 2d ; Millf.r (Whig) in the 3d. Bowman
(Whig) in the 4th, and Piiilps (Dem.) in the sth.
So far as the returns have been received the Whigs
have a majority- on joint ballot in the State Legisla
ture. There is no doubt there will be a majority of
anti-Benton men. Glory enough for one day-.
Indiana. —The Democrats have a decided working
majority* in the Legislature. Senator Bright's
term will expire in 1851, and the Legislature now
elected will have to choose a United States Senator.
[for tiie sentinel.]
Female Education in Georgia.
I propose in this number to call your attention, Mr.
Editor, to the Female Seminary, in Cullode-n, Mon
roe county-, in this State. To use a common and
significant expression, Cullodcn is “off the roads,”
and it may be that few of your readers know enough
of its geography to find it. It is none the worse on
that account, as a location for a female school. For the
mental training of youth, uninterrupted quiet, as nearly
as possible, is of prime importance, and this is not to be
obtained in cities or large totvns. Some inconve
niences may result from a secluded position, but they
are more than counterbalanced by the advantages of
retirement. Cullodcn, however, though it is sufficiently
remote from the attractions and excitements of the busy
world, is still very accessible to those who may wish
to educate their daughters there. It is thirty-two
miles west of Macon, and fifteen miles south of the
Macon and Western Rail Road at Barnesville. It is
one of the healthiest spots in the State or the entire
country, and on a ridge that divides the streams of
the Gulf and the Atlantic. The water is good, the
atmosphere pure, and the climate salubrious.
This seminary is under the supervision of John
Darby, A. M., one of the most celebrated teachers
and scientific men of the South. lie was late Pro
fessor in William’s College, and is a member of
the American Association for the advancement of
science, and of other scientific societies. Mr. Darby is
not less celebrated as.a good man, than as a learned
one, and while he is faithful to the mental instruc
tion of his pupils, he is equally- attentive to their moral
training. Ilis discipline is entirely- of a moral nature,
and the Biblf. is a regular text book in his school. —
The institution is a creature of his own enterprise, and
w-as established about two years since. His school
now numbers ninety-three, and is constantly increas
ing. The board of instruction is composed of Mr.
Darby as teacher of mathematics and sciences, two
female teachers in tlio literary department, a female
teacher in French, painting, embroidery, &c., two fe
male teaeners in vocal and instrumental music, and
a female teacher in penmanship. Mrs. Darby, a
lady of refinement and education, has the general
superintendence of the young ladies. Tlie coarse of
instruction embraces as thorough a system of liberal
education as is to be obtained in any-of the institutions
of the country. The ancient languages, it will be 1
seen, are entirely omitted, (except at the option of j
the pupil,) and we think that the course of education ‘
does not thereby suffer in general estimation. lam
not prepared now to enter into a discussion of the i
propriety of such an omission, but my- own opinion is !
that very little practical benefit is derived from these
branches as they- are ordinarily taught in our female j
schools, or, at any rate, I am very well satisfied, that I
the time usually devoted to them might be more j
profitably employed. In this school, in lieu of the !
ancient languages, more particular attention is paid I
to the sciences. This course embraces mathematics :
in all its branches, mental, moral and natural philos- i
ophy, chemistry, botany, mineralogy and geology,
astronomy, physiology-, and, in short, all the depart- j
ments of mental, moral and physical science. These, j
thoroughly taught, I think, are worth far more than |
a superficial knowledge of Latin and Greek. The j
course is completed in four years, and is divided into ;
four terms, each term commencing on the first Mon
day in October, and closing the last of July, at an !
expense of about $250 per annum, including board, !
tuition, Ac. ELIA. ‘
‘XKW YORK CORREBPON DENCE.]
New York, August 20, 1850.
New Haven — Commencement, of Yale College —
Meeting of the American Association for the Ad
vancement of Science—Recovery of Powers’
Statue of Calhoun■ —The Census—Broadway
Improvements—Relief by a Ferry — Forrest's Pro
ceedings for Divorce —Marriage of Miss North
all—The Theatres—New Publications , <J-c. <J-c.
New Haven, our quiet neighbor, “the City of Elms,’’
lias within the past’ week had her wonted placidity
disturbed by two occasions of unusual interest, the
Commencement of Yale- College, and the session of
the “American Association for the Advancement of
Science.” At Commencement, which took place on
Wednesday, the 14tb inst., a large concourse was
gathered, among whom were many distinguished
alumni. The chief attractions were Poems by Oliver
Wendell Holmes, and Rev. John Pierpont. They
were both well received, and distinguished, particular
ly the former, by several successful sallies of wit. On
the 19th the cars brought in a number of our scien
tific men to attend, what is to them, the great event of
the year, the meeting of the scientific association
above named. Among those present were Professors
Agassiz, Silliman, Bache, Mitchell, of the Cincinnati
Observatory, Henry, of the Smithsonian Institute,
Olmsted and Woolsey of Yale College. Prof. Agas
siz read an essay on the “Analogy between Fishes
and Mankind,” which contained much humor. Prof.
Silliman delivered a treatise on “Curious Spheroidal
j Structures;” Prof. Olmsted, on “Certain Points of
Electrical Theory;” Prof. Loomis, on Electrical
j Phenomena in New York.
j You will be glad to learn that there is a prospect
I of recovering Powers’ statue of Calhoun, which the
j demise of that great man has rendered so much re
-1 gretted. The officers of the United States Revenue
j Cutter Morris, after unwearied exertions, have suc
| ceeded in ascertaining its position, which is fortunate
ly such that it can be recovered without difficulty ; it
! has sustained little or no injury. Lieut. Martin has
returned in order to procure a suit of submarine armor
| for the purpose of properly slinging it before it is
j hoisted.
Our marshals are going on rapidly with the census
! In one ward (the tenth) they have completed their
j task, and reported. The increase in population in
I that ward has been at the rate of nine per cent. Two
i persons were found over one hundred years old, one
I being one hundred and six, and the other one hun
| dred and four. There are only four persons in the
ward above the age of twenty, who do not know
how to read or write, and of these, strange to say,
j two are Americans, and two Germans. AVe had
supposed that there would have been a much greater
| number, and that the majority thereof would have
j been Irish.
Broadway, our great and splendid thoroughfare,
which so favorably strikes till strangers in our city, is
now in a very sorry plight in consequence of the
| number of improvements that, are going on, the repair
i ing and enlarging of old buildings and the erection of
| new. Stewart’s marble palace, the finest store in
America, is being nearly doubled in size, being extend
ed the whole block from Reade to Chambers street,
on the ground formerly occupied by Tattersall’s; a
short distance above Canal street, alarge concert ball is
in course of erection for one of the companies of ne
gro ministrels. Higher up, near Broom street,
Brougham’s new Lyceum Theatre has been com
menced. At Prince street, on the grounds adjoin
ing his theatrical establishment, Mr. Niblo is putting
up a splendid hotel. Opposite Bond street, is the
new Jenny Lin'd Concert Hall, the four walls of
which are up, all ready for the roof; strenuous ex
ertions are being made to finish it by the first of Sep
tember,, by which time the songstress is expected.—
It will be seen that Broadway thus presents
quite a succession of bustling scenes, particular
ly when it is recollected that we have enumerated
above o-niy the public buildings which arc going up,
and that there are many stores and private Douses-in
all parts undergoing alteration.
Broadway is, indeed, the great thoroughfare, not
only for’ pedestrians, but for carts, omnibuses, car
riages, and all maimer of vehicles. Sundry meas
ures have been again and again proposed for freeing
it from a portion of these, and preventing that
inconvenience and delay which the great number of
these not unfrequently occasion. The latest propo
sition we have iK>ticed is the establishment of a kind
of omnibus ferry, to run from the battery to the ex
treme upper part of the city at a low fare, which
would have a tendency to drive some of the stages
oft’ the route; and the city of London is instanced
in which this course is said to have procured the do
sired relief for the strand.
Mr. Edwin Forrest, having failed to obtain a di
vorce from the Legislature of Pennsylvania, is how
seeking it where he should first have made applica
tion, from the Court of Common Pleas of the city and
county of Philadelphia. In his bill he charges Mrs.
Forrest with adultery with no less than seven per
sons, among them N. P. Willis and his brother Rich
ard. The difficulty between Willis and Forrest re
mains in statu quo , a suit pending between them,
in which Willis claims SIO,OOO damages.
Miss .Julia Northall, the vocalist, was married last
week at Brooklyn, to Frederick AY. Bodsten, at one
time editorially connected with the Deutsche Schnell
post.
The theatres are beginning to re-open. Last eve
ning was the first night of the Broadway, at which
Mr. Conway and Miss Auderton are the chief attrac
tions. The Astor PI see theatre opens to-night under
the management of Mr. Bass, who, though in the spring
and early summer, lost at this establishment nearly
SIO,OOO, by unsuccessful engagements, has deter
mined to try his fortune a second time. lie has se
j cured Mrs. Anna Bishop, who appears to-night in
the opera of “Judith,” and the graceful Augusta, the
queen of the Ballet. The tickets arc put at sl, and
though the weather is unfavorable, there is every
prospect of a crowded house.
The Appletons have published in fine style Words
worth’s posthumous poem entitled “The Prelude,
or Growth of a Poet’s Mind,” in which the general
reader will find very little to interest him. Tallis,
Willoughby & Cos., have commenced issuing a picto
rial edition of Don Quixotte at only three cents a
number ; it is destined to have a wide circulation.—
From the Harpers we have the long-promised “Au
tobiography of Leigh Hunt,” which, on the whole,
disappoints us. Redfield has published “The Night
side of Nature,” a treatise on ghosts in general, which
will be extensively read by the lovers of the marvel
lous. Yours, P. Q.
[YANKEE CORRESPONDENCE.]
Boston, August 18, 1850.
Obsequies of General Taylor—Military Review —
Pic Nic Party Drowned — Mr. Booth , ij-c.
Last Thursday a solemn Funeral was performed
in this city, in token of respect to the memory of the
late President. It was a very expensive, well sus
tained, and imposing ceremony, and one on which we
Bostonians pride ourselves a good deal, having a no
tion that neither New York nor Philadelphia did the
thing in grander or better style.
From an early hour in the morning the weather
had a dull and sombre appearance—
“ The sky was overcast.
And heavily in clouds came in the day,”
ns if in sympathy with the occasion. But, though a
couple of showers came down at the time the proces
sion was about to advance, the promise of the morn
ing turned out untrue, and the rest of the day was
very favorable. It is considered that thirty thousand
strangers came to Boston to witness the proceedings.
At twelve o’clock the procession began to move,
headed by the military escort, in which appeared, with
excellent effect, all the guards and soldier brother
hoods of Boston and the neighboring localities. In it
also marched the Battery of U. S. Flying Artillery,
under the command of Major Sherman, i Ills cele
brated fragment of the Mexican army attracted the
admiring eyes of every body—was the observed of all
observers. Men, horses, carriages, and guns, (four
of them were there,) were all in excellent military or
der. Next to the escort came the funeral ear, or hearse,
drawn by twelve horses caparisoned in mourning and
wearing black plumes on their heads. The Massa
chusetts volunteers, many of whom served in Mexico,
were the appropriate guard of the carriage. This
vehicle was made in the manner of an ancient cata
fulque. It was nine feet wide, thirteen feet high, and
fourteen feet long. The whole was covered with
black velvet, sprinkled with silver tracery; and on
the sides and ends of the ear were the arms of the
several States of the Union. The coffin was covered
with black velvet studded with silver stars and drap
ed in the American ensign, and the top of the ear was
surmounted with plumes. The cost of this part of
the pageant is said to have been over $3,000. Then
followed twenty-seven pall-bearers, in carriages, the
Governor with h : s escort, and thereafter, a multitude
of Associations, Societies, Lodges, and so forth, each
with its banner, and many with musical bands playing
dirges and dead marches along the slow moving line.
Perhaps the most interesting feature of the whole pa
geant was the boat of the Constitution borne on a car,
and containing thirty little girls, to represent the
States of the Union, and a young lady with dishevell
ed tresses and pale face, to represent the Federal
Mother of these maids, or Liberty, 1 do not exactly
know which. Certainly, the components of the met
aphorical union looked very sisterly and somewhat
unlike the reality of things just now, for I saw Mas
sachusetts sharing a long stick of candy with Louisi
ana, and Vermont, Rhode Island, and New Hamp
shire, busy settling a little wreath, in a tasteful man
ner, upon the head of Texas. The sun shone out ve
ry brightly at. this moment, upon the innocent boat
ful, and looking about me, I knew that, a groat many
beside myself bid God bless the allegory and the
omen, in their hearts! A grim old fellow, in ship
shape toggery, sat in the craft with the children, look
ing very like Captain Cuttle, and keeping all in pic
turesque order. There was a cavalcade of Truck
men which struck me, most of any. They were all
fine fellows, in shirts, and astride on serviceable horses.
As the}’ tramped along there was a sense of power
and independence with them that touched the imagi
nation. You felt that in the day of danger, these
bronze-faced, rough and ready looking men could, in
one week, be metamorphosed into a noble cavalry
regiment, with swords in their hands, ready to charge
like fire upon any enemy from whatever quarter he
might come. Colored men, blowing melancholy mu
sic, role at the head of the white shirts. The for
eigners, as they are called, were conspicuously repre
sented in the procession. There was a body of citi
zens wearing the Scottish tartans under the flag of an
old charitable society, and with them were two little
boys, with philibeg and plaid, cap and feather, look
ing like a pair of Loehiels in miniature, and attracting
general attention. Clean, canny and respectable
was tlie Caledonian contingent. Several Irish socie
ties were there, too, under Catholic flags, and seem
ed proud to identify themselves with republican cit
izenship. A citizens’ cavalcade brought up the rear
of the long pageant, (which took one hour and a
quarter to pass a given point,) and in this cavalcade a
veritable Chinese—a son of the celestial empire—
made a good figure, dressed in his native costume,
and sitting on his horse with an excellent equestrian
grace. The procession “wound with easy march its
long array” round the principal streets, to Fanueil
Hall, where the religious ceremonies were perform
ed—consisting of choral hymns, prayers, requiems,
&e. The Hon. Josiah Quincy, Jun., then pronounc
ed the oration—a very appropriate and well written
eulogy on the deceased general. A chorus from Han
del’s “Messiah” wound up the solemnities of the day.
The appearance of the streets of the city, particu
larly those through which the pageant passed, was in
accordance with the business of the day. All the
shops were closed, and most of the houses exhibited
signs of mourning. The principal buildings, hotels,
&c., were hung with funeral drapery in a most ex
pensive and imposing manner. The sentiment of re
gret seemed, indeed, universal; and the aspect of the
streets, with their silent and orderly crowds, the fir
ing of the minute guns on tire Common, and the slow
tolling of tiic city bells, were all in the best keeping
with tlie great purpose of the day. Everything con
sidered, the city of Boston performed the grave cer
emony in ii very grave and decorous manner.
On the next day, (Friday,) our citizens were grati
fied with a military review of Sherman’s Artillery, on
the Common—the most complete thing of the kind
ever witnessed here. Several of the city companies
did duty on the ground as guards, and the Governor,
his suite, &e., were present. A vast crowd assem
bled to see how the soldiers of the regular army man
aged those guns, which, in the words of Taylor,
“saved the day” at Buena Vista. Tlie evolutions
and movements of tlie artillery were the most perfect,
rapid and precise things in the world. Tlie way the
company used to race to a point, wheel about short,
stop, unlimber, point the guns, fire, limber up, gallop
off through the smoke, and go through the same or
similar duty at another point, was matter of a good
deal of interest and surprise to the uninitiated that
gazed on tlie business from a wide circle kept by posts,
a long rope and soldiers’ bayonets. If Sherman and
his men got on in such a terribly prompt manner in
Mexico, I don’t, wonder Santa Anna and his men
should wish them at home, and make up their minds
to let them have their own way. Major Sherman,
by the way, was somewhat overlooked, in conse
quence of the omission of his name in General Tay
lor’s despatches. But the press here have been cor
recting the oversight. Twenty years ago, lie worked
on his father’s farm at Newport, R. 1., and used to
carry round milk cows to serve his customers. Some
time after he went to Washington, and applied to
General Jackson for admission into AA r est Point, and
got it. From that time his good abilities and industry
helped him fortunately along in the Academy and the
world. During the last three or four days. Major
Sherman’s company has been in camp, on the com
mon, where their tents have been pitched and their
horses piequetted, in regular campaigning fashion.
Altogether, its visit here lias been very agreeable
both to tlie public and to tlie military, and the officers
have been feted with great hospitality.
A deplorable catastrophe took place on the 15th
at Lynn. A party of one hundred and fifty persons
went on a pic-nie excursion to Lake Suntang, where
some twenty-five of them, making use of a crazy pad
dle boat upon the lake, pushed off to amuse them
selves by cruising about. The boat was overloaded,
and the company becoming alarmed at its swaying,
moved about in such a panic-stricken way, that it
upset, and thirteen persons of both sexes were
drowned, in smooth water, close along side the shore.
A dreary termination to an excursion doubtless
planned pleasantly enough!
Three eases of Asiatic cholera are spoken of as
having just occurred here. The news comes on us
by surprise, inasmuch as the city is and has been re
markably healthy.
Mr. Ware, of Springfield, has been arrested in New
York, for embezzling about $70,000 belonging to the
Western Railroad Company, while acting as elerk in
the establishment.
Mr. Booth, the tragedian, is playing here again,
at the Museum. The papers speak well of him. But
he is too old for almost all his parts—
“ Superfluous lags the veteran on the stage.”
I never saw an actor of such mediocrity receive
such applause from newspaper critics. But they are
a good natured race, and you seldom get anything
like truth out of them. In my mind, Mr. Booth, in
Hamlet, Macbeth, and several other fine roles , is al
together “ most tolerable and not to be endured.”
So take it in the very words of-— Dogberry.
Tlie hubbub of our elections is very brisk. It would
of course, be wonderfully interesting to your readers
if I could fill one or two of your columns with the ar
guments. personalities and cross firings of our papers
and politicians here. I know you and they are dying
to have them all—
“ The logic and the wisdom, and tlie wit,
And the loud laugh—you long to hear them all.”
But I have no time now. The whole thing is bo
fresh , and so original, that it will keep.
YANKEE DOODLE.
Another Voice from Harris.
3G-30 Triumphant by Two to One. All right.
No Body Entrapped Either.
Harris Countv, August 17th, 1850.
A portion of the citizens of Harris County,
met at the Court House, in the 19th District, sos
the purpose of discussing their views on the
slavery question, the recommendations of the
Nashville Convention, and their opposition tor
the Clay Compromise, etc.
On motion, Maj. Jesse Gunn and Maj. Thomas
C. McEntire, were appointed chairmen, and Dr.
J. W. Pitts, requested to act as secretary. The
meeting being organized, Porter Ingram, Esq.,
came forward and offered the following resolu
tions, viz:
Ist. Resolved, That we are opposed to the
Compromise plan, introduced into the senate of
the United States, by the Committee of Thirteen.
2d. Resolved, That for the sake of harmony,
and for the preservation of the Union, we are
willing to abide by the Missouri Compromiser
line of 36-30, to be run through to the Pacific,
with the protection of the rights of property
south of that line.
3d. Resolved, That xve are opposed to the
admission of California, as a State, into the
Union, with its present boundaries and constitu
tion.
Esq. Ingram occupied the time alloted him to
speak, in a very able and eloquent address, in
support of the above resolutions.
Col Mobley then arose, and proposed the fol
lowing resolutions as a substitute for the above,
vie:
Ist. Resolved , That we are opposed to tlie
ultimatum of the Nashville Convention, it being
in terms a demand of the Missouri Compromise
line, under penalty of the dissolution of the
Union, for we believe the great slavery question
can be settled upon terms equally as honorable
to the south.
2d. Resolved, That We are willing that the
question should be settled under the Constitution,
which already secures our rights; and win •. . r
it is settled otherwise, we are for resistant !o
the last, but hope this may never be the case,
but that we may continue long to live together
under the glorious Union of the States.
3d. Resolved, That we stand upon the prin
ciples of non-intervention by Congress upon the
slavery question, believing this to be the true
southern ground for the protection and safety of
our rights.
4th. Resolved, That we stili have confidence
in our Representatives in Congress, and we are
willing to abide by any honorable settlement they
may make.
Col. Mobley made an eloquent and fervent
address in support of his resolutions, followed
by Maj. Roberson, who also addressed the meet
ing in favor of the last resolutions. The Major's
speech was something unique, and particularly
redolent with his strong and abiding love for the
Union. He asserted publicly, ‘■‘■that for himself,
he would be willing to free his own slaves, and
send them to Liberia, at his own expense, in prefer
ence to a dissolution of the Union.” God deliver
us from such a sentiment
Martin J. Crawford, Esq., was now loudly
called for, and addressed the meeting at some
length in one of his most able, argumentative
and eloquent speeches, in favor of the former
resolutions, and in vindication of the Nashville
Convention, delivered in that happy and felici
tious style, which at once commanded the atten
tion and respect of the entire audience.
Col. David Reid followed in a short address
in support of Col. Mobley’s resolutions.
James M. Ramsey, Esq., being called for, also
addressed the meeting in a very able and dignified
manner, (though delivered amid some confu
sion,) in vindication of the Nashville Convention
andsoutliern rights, giving his reasons for attend
ing the Nashville Convention; who he repre
sented in that Convention, and defining, ac
curately, who he did not represent in that, or
any other Convention.
The question now being loudly called for, the’
vote was taken on the adoption of the substitute
resolutions, proposed by Col. Mobley, which
were lost by a vote—Yeas 26. Nays 52.
The former resolutions were adopted by a
vote of two-thirds.
On motion, Resolved, That tlie proceedings of
this meeting be signed by the chairmen and
secretary, and the Columbus papers be requested
to publish the same.
Ou motion, the meeting then adjourned sine die..
JESSE GUNN, ) .
T. C. McENTIRE. } C/iatrm ™-
J. W. Pitts, Secretary.
Meeting in Talbot County'.
A large and enthusiastic meeting of the peo
ple of Talbot county, without distinction of par
ty, was held at Fountain Spring Camp Ground.
When, on motion, Dr. Wra. Drane and Persona 1
Walker, Esq., were called to the chair, and A.
T. Edwards and James Roseau appointed to act’
as Secretaries.
The meeting was addressed by Messrs. Cul
verhouse, Crawford, Howard, Smith and Gibson,
in able and effective speeches. They urged
upon the people the necessity of anion, and to
forget old party lines.
The following report and resolutions were
offered by H. Riley, Esq., prefaced by a few
brief, but appropriate and eloquent remarks.
As the powers of government in this country
are derived from the consent of the governed,-
it is the right of the people, and it is a part of
wisdom in them, to assemble together at such
times and places, as may best suit their con
venience, to take into consideration all questions,
arising under different constructions of the con
stitution, deeply affecting their vital interests,
and proclaim to the world, what they conceive
their rights to lie, and the course to he taken in
relation thereto. The magnitude of the que.,
tion, and the intensity of the struggle, now being
carried on between the North and South, and
the fatal consequence of an adverse decision to
the latter, and indeed to the whole country,
should be sufficient to break all old party tb-s
and obligations, and bring out every Southern
man in defence of his rights, the Constitution
and Union.
The history of the anti-slavery sentiment in
the North has been too often and faithfully given
to require a rehearsal at this time. We should
never forget the important facts, that it has been
progressive ; and that our submission to its un
righteous demands, has only added fuel to the
flames. In view of the vitiated state of public
opinion in the Northern States, the man here
who shuts his eyes to facts,-and still cries out
for peace by submission, is, in effect, inviting and
encouraging the abolitionists on to the accom
plishment of the great object of all their efforts :
final and complete emancipation in all the States.
Each of the States of the Union being equally
sovereign, it follows, beyond tlie power of con
travention, that as the territory of the United
States is the common property of all the States,
the general government, as trustee or agent, is
firmly bound by the national compact, to protect
the people of the Southern as well as the North
ern States, in the use and enjoyment of every
kind of property; such being recognized as pro
perty by the Federal Constitution and the State
governments respectively; and in failing to dis
charge this solemn constitutional obligation, we
see an utter disregard of our rights, and a deter
mination to destroy the equality of the States,
and as such we feel that we would be fully justi
fied in repelling this dangerous doctrine at all
hazards and to the last extremity. Although
we will never surrender the great principle ‘of
our rights, to emigrate to the territories of the
United States with our slave property, yet for
the sake ot peace and harmony, and to settle
this vexed question upon a durable basis, we
are willing to a division of the territory bv the
e / cte ” s '°” °f the Missouri compromise line to
the 1 acinc, with a distinct recognition of our
rights south ot that line, but further than this,,
we cannot go.
Ist. Resolved , That w*e fully and unreservedly