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THE COURIER*
by j. G. *r yviioryer.
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THE HARMONICA.
I heard its sweet and brazy tones,
As if a spirit sigh’d.
Or some lorn Peri breathed her moans
,jAt Eden’s gate denied.
Twas sweeter than the liquid notes
Carry’s warblers sing.
When they exert their little throats
And wave the golden wing.
Twas softer than the gentlest sigh
A sleeping infant breathes,
Or the faint hum o( summer flies
Among the violet's leaves.
Tt tnurmured like that evening lyre
Which zephyrs love to kWs ;
if angel luogs can sighs respire,
The .sound must he like thi*.
From the WashinKlonCorrespondenl of the fort
land Daily Advertiser.
HENRY CLAY <fc DANIEL WEB
STER
Os both these gentlemen, I am a pojUti
rai frie id, i have often beard iTiem in the
Senate, occasionally iu the Supreme Court
ond the last time, in a public assembly.
I haveobsetved them in public as closely
as I could, and as they are undoubtedly
two of the most prominent men in the
United Slates—l might,perhaps, say, the
most prominent men—l purpose, as well
os I can, to contrast them with each o
fher.
Let mo remark .before I begin, that
there are no two nfen more different in
their manners, their address, their mode
of speaking, and in the construction of
their mind*, and yet both are men pre
eminently distinguished for the very liigh
csi pills of intellect. This difference has
boon increased railter thau lessened, by
the different education and the different
tw*.lnrds of men in which they have been
firmed. M. Webster has been obliged
Ii copu with lawyers, ever on die watch,
ond whose education was as good if not
boner than bis, and in courts where law
end logic set'led the question rather than
fmlißg or fine declamition. Mr. Clay
has met with a different class of men, par
ticularly iu thecourigof Keni’v,where the
science of law was once worth little more
than assertion, »od where fudge ami juiry
were carried captive by eloquent decla
mation, or pathetic appeal. With Mr.
Webster’s antngonis's,gaums, irony,sar
casm, wit, and all the weapons of tire or
ator, were insufficient to win the cause.
To them must be added conviction not
by an appeal to the passions, but to the
judgment. With Mr. Clay's a meg mists
ufl the weapons of the orauM were as use
ful as in a public assembly, for in courts
in which learned judges are n<>*t serried,
and were as in the eaily settlement of a
country, the judge receives law »» ex
pounded by the attorney,, rather than from
his own knowledge, an appeal to tire pas
sions maybe as useful as when ad iressiog
the public at large.—l mention these
things, rather applicable to Mr. Clay’s
early practice at the bar, than to his sub
sequent history, to account for tire differ
ent tendencies of the intellect of these
first-rate men.
The figure of Mr. Webster is a little
below par. The figure of Mr. Clay is a
little above par. The address of Mr.
Webster is rather stiff, or wbon easy, af
fectedly so. The address of Mr. Clay is
naturally easy, and though not exactly
graceful, in< the Chesierfvald sense °f the
term, yet prepossessing and attractive.—
The countenance of Mr. Webster is hard,
h irsli, and not inviting. The countenance
of Mi Clay is crowned with' smiles, and
displays a thousand Vavie-ios of feeling.
O i Mr Webster's face when he is-quiet,
one can. trace hoi» of those’ thoughts,
feeling* or passions,, with w hich lie is’en*
domed.- On Mr Clay’s sace r even when
quiet,, his whole heart at times, can be
read. Mr Webuer's indications of his
talom are in his broad forehead, which
every body tv>tes> as remmliable. Air C’s.
indications of bis talent are in his tnomli*
which is so flexible as to be a teU< tale of
what is going on within, and in hit- eye
brow, which displays at once t<> the <>b.
server, even if he is no physiognomist, At
no student of Lavater, a man of estiaor
dinary powers. Mr Webster’s ugly look
at bis adveivaries in debate, has often been
spoken of • and it j a no exaggeration to
say, he can look like Satan himself. Mr
Clay ’* contempt and sarcasm are con
veyed by a malicious smile, which can be
felt but not described—or a significant
geilurn, far more expressive than words.
Afr Webster is not graceful, for his figure
will no admit of grace ; be i& not tall e
nough, and is too stoutly. Bit Clay is ant
»n elegant speaker in thn drawtng room
sense of the term; his tall figure is rongh
j.v hewn ; his arms are too long ; his body
is not flexible enough sometimes, and a
gain is too much so. 31r Webster’s voice
is clear, dis'inct, stern aod impressive ;
but on the h'gh noes at times, unpleasant.
f. 9 v 'dce is as soft as music, never
fatigueing the ear, but al ways inviting at
tention. It is loud, clear, and distinct.—
Mr Webster gesticulates with his hands
and arms alone. Mi Clay I may say,
gesticulates with propriety, all over. He
nods his bead, hung on a long neck, so » 8
to make a whole assembly smile. His
arms, hands, fingers, feet, and even hb
spectacles and pocket handkerchief, aid
him in debate. He steps forward and
backward, and from the right to the left
with effect. Mr Webster and Mr Clay
both express strong passion in their fares,
to advantage. The sneer of both is dis
ferent, but perfect in the effect, and in
imitable. Mr Webster can look vvorsp
than Mr Clay, but Mr Clay can lottk
tilings the must provoking. The im
pression received from Mr Webster
is received in silence, buy is fell and
remembered 1 . The impiession from
Mr. Clay provokes an Instantaneous
laugh nt the expence of the victim. Mr
Webster’s feelings arc in perfect submis
sion to bis will* The feelings of Mr
Clay often get the better of bis j>.dement
Mr Clay is excitable, and requires but
ii tie 19 arouse him: Mr V\ ebsier is not
and requites much to arouse him. M>
Clay speaks even, on ordinary occasion,
with animation and internet. Mr Web
ster is, at times, vexatious ly dull and stu
pid. Mr Clay’s language and pronunci
ation are not always good and correct.
Mr Webster speaks with the utmost cor
rect unsound seldom nr never recalls a
word. Mr Clay, at limes, hesitates and
-taimners, Mr Webster is never thus at
faub. Mr Clay speaks very rapidly Mr
Webster rtuher slow* and Very cautiously
Mr Webster’s style is a pattern of purity
perspecutty nnd elegance. Mr Clay’s
style is occasionally iu bad taste, and
sometimes verbose.
Thus I have contrasted these two dis
tinguished individuals in some not very
impnitaiit particulars. The distinciinu
will be best understood, when it is remar
ed, that Mr. Webster is cautious, cord,
and is tfee better scholar; —and that Mr.
Clay is warm, incautious,‘add lias not re
ceived a good classical education, though
some of bis slate papers are as admit able
as any in our language.
If I could impress my idea upon the
reader, I would call one a mart of genius,
-<nd the other a man of talents. This,
however, gives but a faint impression <>l
the dis J motion I would draw. Genius is
entluipiasoi, in which M : Clay is infusnd-
Talent is judgment, never arising from
enthusiasm, with which Mr. Webster is
endowed, Gctrius engages iu an object
with i's whole heart and sould,—and this
is a characteristic of Mr. Clay. Talent
is earnest, persevering, onward in its un
dortakings, but not overconfident nor rash,
and this is a characteristic of Mr. Web-,
ster. Genius is im aginative,self confident,
daring,and these are characicris’ic of Mr.
Clay. Talent reckons, calculates, com
putes, and doubts—and these are charac
ter!*! ks of Mr. Webster. Genius
by instinct, as it were, to a cofre'et 'con
clusion. Talent at rives there by argu
ment and deduction. Thus Mi. Clay i
ever a ready man, and his best speeches
ate made at the moment. Mr, Webs'er
thinks less rapicMypind forms step -by step
bis conclusions. Qertitts is sit times,
sportive, playful, amusing. Talent is
commonly sedate, s'e nphooghtfui. Gen
ius will gambol wjf.li the kid, or grapple
with the lion. Talent at best, sports but
awkwardly. Genius is instinct, impulse,
pastern. Talent is Coolness, firmness,
collectedoejs. Genius is at times, et ra
tio, wayward,. impiudeut. Talent is
is Miraigiit forward, direct, pr "dent. Tal.,
enl counts consequences, and looks ahead;
Genius seldom does, but darts bravely on
watd. Genius takes empire over the
heart, and the feelings. Talent aims fur
the reason, aud the judgement,— Ta'ent
nwver dees a rasli tiling: (rentes often
does* Talent is praiseworthy, admired,
honored’. Genius is adorefl, w oistripped,
idolized. Talent lakes its votaries in
lending-sti ir>gs, and- pwrsttades them along.
Genius impels, butfries, imspites them »n
--| ward. Genius is alternately desponding
and enthusiastic. Talent is neither. Ge
nius invents. Talent discovers. Genius
creates,, projects, de-igns. Ta/tent com
bines, arranges, contracts, performs.—
Bonaparte was a man of wouclci ful genius
Wellington is a man of extraordinary tal
ents. Genius is good at every thing, am -
bitious in every tit dig, audacious in every
tiling. Talent has less-scope,less power, a
hyser grasp. Genius can shine without
study, and yet dazz'e. Talent must siu
dy, iu order to shine. Genius is the di
atnond, polished and ca<ed. Talent ts
the carbon in live ore, Genius, like the
sun, Iras fight of his Talent, like
the moon, must burros* from another.
Genius is the fire and frtme itself. Tal
ent must have the Quit and the steel to
strike out the spark. If Jupiter could
divide his prerogative, genius would wield
his lightning, and talent his thundfr.
i Genius is splendid. Talent is great.
Thus genius makes th/c splendid man, and
'talent the great man Cmsar
Cicero had talents. Thus Cfesar was
a* apt in the field as iu the forum, and
Cicero’s f.»r a range, was within one or
bit, but that a starry one. Homer had
geniis. Virgil had talents, for Homer
created, and Virgil stole from him. Byron
had genius , Southey has talents. Bnl
wer has genius. Cooper has talents.
the characteristic of the French.
latent of the English;. The one revoln-
Mntuxes with the sword and the musket,
and the other at the P oH sa „d ,he hustings.
The one engages in w ar , hi poetry, in
mathomat.es, and the dance, with equal
fervor, and the other carefully distinguish
es the Imle from ihe great—B U 1 j arn
wandering, however. My distinctions, I
wiil confess, are not all strictly correct
but they will impress strongly upow the
render the distinction between Mr. Clay
and Mr. Webster.
id As an orator, limitin'* the idea to action enun
ciation, and the immediate impression, Afr Clay
is ahead, I might add, far ahead of Air.
Webster.— Nature has dune more for
him in person, in voice, giving him tones
as strong, as rich, and as gradually svyel
ling as the notes of an organ, and a pow
er and depth of moduUtion.unrivalfefl by
comparison- His action is to the very
life, unthought of, uncultivated, spontane
ous, the offspring of itie parsing thought
His countenance embodies the passion
and energy of the moment. It exhibits,
without effort, ihe very picture of indig
natio’n, of piidey of Uunulity, of haogbtt-i
ness, (if contempt, of disdain, of softness
of fieic' iiess, or sweetness. It is blaud,
or terrible, contemptbous, or humble, as
die occasion demands. The soul speaks
in the face. The spirit plays, as it were
on every tnusV.le visibVe Vritftum. The
eye speaks—-lbe finger speaks—the whole
body has its story to tell; The best ac
tor of Sbakesperiao tragedy lias not diore
ai command the weapons of the stage. —
and all is easy, all is natural, all is tinpre
meditated. 1 never heard the man who
could command such bteathloss aUemtion
for so long a time over 1 lie whole audito
ry—the man of talents, the man of taste,
as well as the casual interloper, dr the
unconcerned and uninitiated spectator
You forget fatigue—-you forget time—
forget the dryness of the subject.
Asa great tnanpn that character alone
Mr. Webster make? a stroogerimpression
than Mi Clay. I know not how the
public or myself arrive at the conclusion,
but such it is. Mr. Clay sefcms like one
of Ourselves, who has high spirits, great
genius, great independence of thought &,
action, and an almost onirtipotem influ
ence over of her men, but yet lie is a man,
a clever fellow —one of us. We know
and like forth, and are feutfy to d>* him
any sfirvicei We would work for him,
talk for him, write for him, aye fight for
him, with a beany good will, but yet lie
is one of us, and we would obey him, not
because beseems* born to command-,’
but because he is so like ourselves. Mr.
Webster stands aloof, incomprehensible,
unfathomable. We admire; We are
proud of hirti. We have confidence in
him. We believe him equal to any oc
casion, but yet lie does not seem to he
made of the same stuff wo are. He sits
ias he were a dictator, and we were born
to obey. He looks upon the mulitode us
if they were his men, and would be sor
ry, if they did not think and act as lie
thinks and acts. lie casts his eyes over
the Senate as if it was his chessmen. He
never fifles, Mover spoils* never jokes.
His dignity is always upon him. Little
men may snap and growl at him, and lie
never heeds them. If one of this cast
comes in hi way, lie shakes him qff, or
riyjs bis ears. Tfoe school-master #e9fns
■to he in his chair, and with his pupils
obedient w his fiat. There he sits like
a cloud with thunder, storm and tempest
slumbering in its folds—or as the Poet
lias it
“ Queurlied in dark clouds of slmnber lie
Ttie terror of his' beak and lightening of his
eyes
Mr. Webster reasons svilh a ttonder
firl clearness, and precision of language
and thought. Mr. Clay is less clfctfr, and
less precise. The humblest intellect is
• drawn along atld assents t« Mr. Web
ster’s positions. It requires more of an
effort of mind to follow Mr. Clay. Mr.
Webster fifgues, as a Judge delivering
charge to the Jury, weighing and sifting
all the evidence, and as if unconcerned
in reaching any thing but the truth. Mr.
Clay argues as it were for victory, ao'd
ns if his whole heart was bent on that.
Hence Air. Webster’s arguments nvako
>n impression that Mr. Cfay’s do net
when they are*equa!ly ars good. The au
ditory may distrust Mr. Clay, but they
. can never distrust Mr. Webster. Hence
Mr. Clay conquers by Eloquence : Mr.
Web iter by Reason. Mr. Webster nev
er exposes himself to attack, but in-reach
es and fornfies every position. He hag
redoubts all around him. Mr. Clay sal
lies for h boldly an-ti' tastily, and leaves
himself open at all points, bin wo in ibe
man that assaults him. Mr. Webster is
(lie heavy armed iTiman with hi* liel
met, and buckler, and gieaves. Mr. Clay
is the gallant cavalier wiih but his steed
and his shield. Mr. Webster wields a
battle axe with a Brawny aim. MuC. hurls
.a speai* ,\i fokuiglitlv a*t. Mr. Clay will
drive to the thickest fight, or retreat with
wonderful skill. Mr. Webster stands by
himself, vanquiislifts the enemy as they
come, and is there impregnable. Mr.
Webster is another Horasiug Codes on'
he bridge, who,,with bis single axe, beats
off an army. Mr. ( lay is like our own
Barney, all sou ! , all enthusiasm, full of
Stratagem for a superior f«e, atid full of
fight foi aneqial. Mr. Webster, if he
carries his point, must carry it by main
strongtli. Mr. Clay will carry iy by di
vision, by manceivre, by mirchtes and
cuuntermai ches.-
Hence it is 6asv to see Mr. VVebste* is
die stronger man in a grave and unimpas
siondd body, and'Mr. Clay is-the stranger
in a popular assembly.- Thus in the
Senate, I think, M’r. Webster can over
match Clay, all things being equal. But*
hi the House, Mr. Clay would carry his
majority, in spite of Mr. Webgter. Air.
Clay’s parliamentary tactics are admira
ble. Mr. \Yebster’s ability hfFe, also, is
eminent, bus is not equal to Air. Clay’s.
Mr. Clay, with his popular manners and
parliamentary skill, will work a miooiitv
into a majority. JVlr. Webster cud do
no such things unless he reasons the
change. Mr. Clay’s personal influence
is immence. Mr. Webstei’s is less ex
tensive. Mr. Clay knows how to unite
popularity and logic in discussion. Mr.
Webster trusts to logic alone.
As for imagination,naturally Mr. Web
ster has little, and Mr. Clay has much.
But education and public life have effec
ted essential changes in both. Air. Web
ster’s tas’e is admirable, Bnd Kte selects his
metaphor,-lie is not always happy. Mr
Webstor studies for metaphor. Meta
phors, of themselves come to Mr. Clay.
Mr. Webster polishes his bolts. Mr. Clay
throws his rough hewn. Mr Clay could
have been a poet. Mr Webster never
could have been. But notwithstanding
all this, A/i Clay has been so little in the
habit of callng into exercise bis powers of
magiuation, that they are now already
dormant; and Bit Webster has so well
husbanded his little stock, that his peror
ation in reply to Col. Hay tie, in *IB3O,
is one of the most beautiful essays, the
most beautiful, and the best expressed I
know of any orator, ancient ot modern.
To compare these gentlemen with Brit-'
ish or ancient orators is very interesting,
so tar as it developed their peculiarities..
Webster has all the logic of Burke, with
but little of his splendid imageiy. Clay
has much of the wit of Sheridan, hut lit
tle of his command of language. Web
ster is the Brougham of m*r country.
Clay ik the Canning. Webster his the
grasp of mind, the vivid conception, the
burrtihg thoughts of the first—and Clay
has the daring views, the prophette eye,
and chivalrous port of the last. Web
ster is au Erskiue at the bar, and wliat
is inure, 4 Statesman in addition. Clay
fs there mil of his element; with too much
of the Curran and of the Irish school for
an American lawyer; hut in the Senate,
Fox was uot readier nor more brilliant.
Webster lias the directness and straight
forwardness of Ca-ar’s speeches, as Sal
lust has given them. Clay has ail the
vivacity and life of Cicero, with none of
his polish.—Websler has much of the
condensed power, and precision of the
Athenian. Clay has all his earnestness
and energy, bdl rtotte of his labour and
study; The (Wo orators united would
have made a perfect Demosthenes. To
sum up the men sos the two, let me say
then, Clay is art dhtiftr by naturd and was
foohi to be one. Webs'er is an orator
by discipline, study and education. Clay
is always ready. The quicker the flash
the irwne brilliant the bolt. Webster thinks,
with less rapidity, and requires time to
forge his thunder, and to tibrvc h.s arm.
Clay lias but feiv resources in his early
studies. Webster can call upon them
for any weapons at his bidding.—Clay
appears better or brighter than Webster
in person; but Webster appears heltet
or brighter in print. Both are extraor
dinary men, and would make an impres
sion upon any assemtdy in any country.
But yot their contrariety bf character ad
mits, with advantage, of placing them iu
contrast in order better to display them
as orators and statesmen. In the Senate
of (he United States, they oxer (hat in
fluence and guide pur public affaits which
supremary of LieHect will ever ill soitie
degree give in spite of party arrange
ments. B >ih moving and acting togeth
er, are iricsis'ibfe in eloquence, in ar
gument, in logic force. Opponents
must fall before them. In debate when
they move on the same side, they rfemifid
one of the wild Shetland: ah and the Po
tomac as they rtifeei ai ilia Blue Ridgei,
and there cleave asunder the mountains
from the summit to the base, leaving
crags and fragments of precipices beliihd,
hut anon flowing on together as sinmrli
ly and ns calmly as if tfoihing had hap
pened. Their junction was at ft st from
opposite, and hnhtfrfn discordant politi
cal parties. Long have they flowed over
the same bed, and run in the same
channel. Whether, ns late events seem
loomed, this current is to bebiokeu up,
and to' disembt'guc itself by different
rtrutiths, is a question time will determine;'
but when they do break f/orfi each other,
the points of separation w ill soon he wil
der and rougher than the point of con
fluence. The Potomac may glide (>n as
it now glides by (his city in d'gni v, in
calmness, in majesty, able it may be, to
waft a lesser freight oh its bosom, but
the Shenandoah will resume its original
rnggeduess, wildness and independence,
and the marks of disruptute and avulsion
will he felt and be seen. B.
From: the N. F Journal of Com nerct.
LATER FROM ENGLAND.
About 4 o'clock ibis moiling, our news
schooner Evening Bditjnn came tip f.oui
ihe packet ship Sampson, Cnpt. Cltad
wick* bringing us London papers to the
Evening ..f Februaiy 5 It. On that day
the King in person delivered his Speech.
It possesses more explicitness than has
before characterised these addresses.
T’lte etnlri rgo on D’utch vessels had
not been taken oßy and it was said would
not be while affiirs with that Country re*
nrabrunsettled.
Le tiers from S-wabia announce the pro
babiiity of Ibiahiin Pacha assenting to a
cessation of hos'iliiies, with a view to «
definitive arrangement of the differences
between the Siiltan and his insuigent
Viceroy.
Accounts from Constantinople to Jan
uary Gih, stale (hat the Sultan in the e«
iremiiy of his distress had accepted' the
offer of assistance made bv the Emoeror
at (Russia, and that a Russian officer set
off lor Egypt, to demand ihe submission
of the Viceroy to ihe J&iMiine'Por e.
The accounts ftoni Paris are to Febru
ary 4th. The naval- preparations at Bijs>
continued to with undinn
nishcd energy, and some, of ihe ships of
Wat were already in a condition to put to
sba.
Accounts from Spain, received by ilie
French Journals, stale that some partial
disturbances in tli.it kingdom had been
effectually pul down, Jnd that Don Car
LOS WAS UNDER ARREST IN HIS OWN
APARTMENTS.
THE KING’S SPEECH.
Lond -n, Feb. s.—This being ihe day
for the delivery of f thn K-ng’s Speech, his
iVlajestv arrived at the IFou-e of- Lords
shortly before turn o’clock, and on alight
ing from his cariiage was received by ihe
Cabinet Ministers and Great Officers of
State.
*‘A/y Lords ani Gentlemen,
“The period being im\varrived at w hich
ihe business'of Padiameut is usually te
s«med, l hare called you togeiher for the
discharge of the important duties with
which you-are intrusted. Never at any
time did subjects of gieater imeiest and
magnitude call for your attention.
“I have still to lament the continuance
of the civil war in Portugal, which fur
some Months has existed between the
Prince? of the House of Braganza. From
the commencement of this coniesf, I have
abstained from all interference, -except
such as was required for the protection
of British subjects resident in Portugal;
but yon may be assured that I shall nut
fail tn avail myself of an opportunity that
may be afforded me to assist in restoring
peace to a country with which the inter
ests of my dominions are so intimately
connected.
“I have also to regret that my earnest
endeavors te effect a definitive arrange
ment between Holland and Belgium, have
hi'herto been unsuccessful. I found my
self at length compelled, in conjunction
with the King of the French, to take
measures for the execution of the Treaty
of the 15th ftov. 1831. The capture of
the citadel of Antwerp lias in part accom
plished that object; but the fllutch Gov
emjrtem refusing to evacuate the rest
(if the territories assigned to Belgium by
that Treaty, the Embargo which f had
directed to be imposed on the Dutch
commerce has been continued. Negotia
tions are again commenced, and you mav
rely on their being conducted on my part,
as they have uniformly been, with the sin
gle view of ensuring to Holland and Bel
gium a separate existence, on principles
of mutual security aud independence.
“The good faith and honor with which
the French Government has acted in
transactions, and the assurances
which I continue to receive from the
Chief Powers of Europe of their friendly
i dispo moo, give mo confidence in the
success of rtty endeavors to preserve the
general peace. 1 have given directions
that the various papers which are neces
saty for your information on the affairs of
Holland and Belgium should be laid be-
fore von;
“The approaching termination of the
Charter of the Bank of Englahd and of
the East India Company will require a
revision of these establishments, and I
rely do your wisdom for making such
provisions for the important interests
connected with them, as may appear from
experience, and full consideration, to be
best calculated to secure public credit, to
improve and extend our commerce, and
to promote the genoral prosperity and
power of the British Empire;
“Your attention dill also be directed,
to the state df thfi Church, more particu
larly as regards its temporalities aod the
maintenance of the Clergy. The com
plaints which have arisen from the col
lection of Tithes, appear to requite a
rhaijge of system, which without diminish
ing the means of miiutaining the Estab
lished Cfergy in respectability and Useful
ness, may prevent the collision of inter
ests, and the consequent derangement and
dissatisfaction wbiirh have.too fiequehtly
prevailed between the Ministers of the
Church nnd their Parishioners. It may
also he necessary for you to consider
what remedies may fie applied for the
correction of acknowledged abuses, and
whether Revenues of the Church
may not admii of a itfore equitable aftd
judicious distribution.
“In your deliberations on these impor
tant subjects, it! datinoi be necessury ter
me to impress upon you tlia.duty of cate
fully attending to the security of the
Church Established by La% in these
realms, and to the true interest of religion
“In relation to Ireland, teitfo a view el
removing the causes of complaint which
had been s<» generally felt, and which bad
been attended with such unfortunate con
sequences, an act was passed during the
last session of Parliament for carrying in
to effect a general composition for Tithes.
To complete that salutary work, I recoin
mend to you, in conjunction with such
other amendments of lbe law as may be
found applicable to that part of niy do
minion*, the adoption of a measure by
which, upon the principle of a just com
mutation, the possessors of land may be
enabled to free themselves fronV the bur
then of an annual payment.
“In the further reforms' that nfay be
necessary, 1 you will probably find that, al
though the Established Church of Ireland
is by law permanently united with that of
England, the peculiarities of their res.
pective circumstances wiH require a sep
arate consideration. There are other
subjects’ hardly less important to tire gon
er»l peace and welfare of frelafid, affec
ting the a'xJmiuietratiot) of justice, aud the
local taxation of 'he CuuotrV, to which
your attention will also be required.
“Gentlemen of tht House of Commons,
“I have directed the estUa'ates for the
service of the year to be laid before you.
They will he framed tdith the most anx
ious attention to all useful economy.—
Notwithstanding' the large reduction in
the estimates of live fast year, I am hap
py to inform y *u that all the extraordina
ry services which the exigencies of the
times required, have been amply provid
ed' for. The Slate of the revenue as com
pared with the public expenditure, has
hitherto fully realised the expectations
that were formed at the close of the last
session^
“My Lords and Gentlemen,
“In this part of the United Kingdom,
with very few exceptions, the public peace
has been preserved ; antT it will be your
anxious but grateful duty in promote by
all practicable means, habits of industry
and good order amongst the laboring
classes of the community.
“Gto iriy part, T shall be ready to co
operate to the utmost of my power in ob
viating all just causes of complaint, aod
in prom >ting ail well considered measures
of improvement. But it is my painful
duty to observe that the disturbances in
Ireland to which I adverted at the close
of the last session, have greatly increased
“A spirit of immburdlnation and vio
lence has risen to the most fearful height,
rendering life aod property insecure, de
fying the authority of the law, and threat
ening' the most fatal consequences, if not
promptly aud effectually repressed.
I feel confident that to your loyalty
and patriotism, I shall not resort in vain
■for assistance in these afflicting circum
stances, and that you will be ready to a
dopt such measures of salutary precaution
and to entrust to me such additional pow
ers as may be found necessary for con
troliug and punishing the disturbers ofthe
pubtic peace, and strengthening the Legis
lative Union between the two Countries,
which, with your support, and under the
blessing of Divine Providence, I am de
termined to maintain by all the in
niy power, as indissolubly connected with
the peace, security, and welfare of my
dominions.’’
14 Days later from England.
The packet ship Rhoue, Capt. Rock
ett, arrived yesterday bom Havre, whence
she sailed on the I9>h Feb. Wo have
received by this vessel. Ha*vre paper to
the 181 h Feb. and Paris datesof the 17<h.
The Loudon dales they contain are lo
the 15<h.
A successful sortie has been made from
Oporto by,the new commander, General
Snlignar, but it does not seem to have
been attended with any decisive effect.
A Bordeaux pi per says that letters have
been received from Madrid which state
that Sir Stratford Canning had conclu
ded a treaty with the Spanish Govern,
ment, in virtue of which Donna Maria
was to be announced absolute Queen of
Portugal, but is not to marry an English,
Frencii, of Spanish Prince. We suspect
that liltie credence is due to this intelli
gence. There are some 'allusions in the
accounts from Spain of the prevalence of
Cholera in Oporto.
Matters between Holland and Belgium
do not appear to have made any progress
towards a settlement, on the contrary a
measure has probably been taken by the
King of Holland which may produce dif
ficulties. He has imposed a tariff <>n the
cargoes of vessels passing up the Scheldr,
and subjected the navigation of that river
to extraordinary regulations. The fact
was communicated to the Belgian cham
ber by Air. Osy, a member and chief of
one of the most distinguished commercial
houses of Antwerp. The miuisiers of
Leopold contented themselves with say
ing that they had received two official com
munication on the subject.
Some highly interesting and« bales have
taken place in the RiitisH Parliament on
life distortfary address to the King af fcf
his speech on the opening of the session.
We have not the address itself, but it is
probably Hide m-ure than an echo of the
speech. The pari relating to 11eland,
where the king asks to be clothed tfitli
additional powers “for controlling and
punishing the distmbers of the public
peace,” engaged almost exclusively tlte
sUsntioh of the Honsfe of O' tiimnus.
Mr. O’Connell rfioWdf as an amend
ment, that a committed sfioeid he burned
to enquire into the state hf Ireland, it
was lost, 40 only rising in hs favor, u.vl
d? 8 iigaibst if. A secnftd division took
place cvn an amendment offered by. Mr.
Tennyson, to the effect that the House
would not grant any extraordinary pow
ers t 6 the fwV the suppres
sion of ifisoffters which affi ct eland.
The amendment,. ; was also last, 60 voting
in is favor and 12<>3 aguins'f it. The ad
dress ns oTigtually proposed was then ear
ned without » division. The Repealer*
are thus but i.n small force. Os the 4(Jt
members who voted with Mr. O'Con
nell there tfere 55 liish, 5 English, Mr.
Cobbell, Atwood, ITumc, Faithful atid
Felden, and one Scotch member, Mr.
Kinloch. T!t6 ifieastno which the G iv
ernmeot intend t«» popuse for tho paci
fication of Ireland are stated to tp« fal
lowing :
“ A law is to be introduced providing.
1. That in a-ll capital cases. coirrtedtiHl
with thoexisting disturbances, upon a sug
gestion specially to be defined, the venoe
may be laid in England.—2. That the
Lord Lieutenant may, in certain desci ib
»ed cases,- subject by proclamation arty
part of Ireland to ma’itraf law.— 3. Tliat
in the disturbed districts of Ireland cep-'
'ain triiliia’ry tribunals shall be establish
ed ; these tribunals to be composed of a
c tptai i and four subaltern officers, to have
power to pronounce sentence of irauspor-
H'ion for life, to be carried info execu
tion instanter upon conviction, and with
out appeal. The Catholic priests to' be
tiken into-the pay of the Government, *
VFe have no space for the different speeches
in the Houiw of Commons. That of Mr. O'-
Connell is very eloquent. Cobbed, was, too, a
prominent speaker on this occasion'.
Paris. Feb 17 —The news fiom Constantino*''
pie announces that an armistice had been con
cluded between the Porte and Ibrahim Pacha,
, without the inlervejitiWof the great powers.—
They contradict S lild riiiqor of the departure of
the French charge d'Affiires for the Egyptian
CRUtp.
ft is assorted that the Prussian Cabinet
halt at length 1 resolved to assist* the King
nf Holland, it) conjunction with Russia,
and that arrangement!! to this effect, will
be made early in ibe spring. Ii is added
that the Prince Royal, who has always
been in favor of the Dutch, has been lor
upwaids of a year in secret correspon
dence with the Emperor Nichole,.
Among the recent death's in England is
that of General Tarltou so notorious dur
ing our revolutionary- war jflir bis partizan
fe«t« and ferocious mode of warfare in the
Carolinas* He was a favorite officer and
intimate friend of Lord Cornwallis.
Belgium —lt is slated by tha Brussels
Correspondent of the Lnnd«o Morning
Herald, that great discontent exists in Bel
givm; The people are somewhat inclin
ed to repent of a separation, from which
they have hitherto experienced none but
ill effects. The French Government has
made an urgent demand upon them of
6OOJOO florins for the campaign of 1831;
and of six millions of florins for the late
Antwerp affair, besides the expence cf
maintaining the Dutch prisoners of war
io France. The repayment of these ex*'
peaces by Holland to Belgium was to be
made the subject of future negotiations—
in which it is very likely that his Dutch
Majesty would display more than his us
ual obstinacy.—-There was said to be a
great coolness between Louis Phillip end