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plication aT any Individual against the (ennnt
in possession of the Landalli'<lg''d lo lie (rail-
duientlydrawn,or against the drawer thereol,
letting forth the circumstances of fraud lit
said scire facias specially, and upon the re
turn of said scire facias with an entry there
on of service effected hy any Sheriff of any
County of this State, by leaving a copy
thereof with tbe person named as defendant,
nr at his or her notorious place of abode, or
bv n return of such Sheriff, that the defend
ant is not to be found, upon which return
the Court is authorised to have service per-
f„cted by on order for n three months publi
cation in one or more of the public Gazettes
,,1’this State, Which rule, when duly pub
lished, shall be considered as sufficient ser
vice to authorize an issue to be made up un
der the direction of the Court to try the
ruination of fraud: And in case the jury shall
Indthe return fraudulent, the Court shabby
judgment pronounce the grant issued on
Mich return and draw to be void, and order
it cancelled ; which judgment, when trans
mitted to the Surveyor General’s Office and
Secretary of State’s Office and entered of
tile there, shall he of sufficient authority to
those Officers tn cancel the plats and grants
for such fraudulent draws from their Offices
respectively : And the Land when condemn
ed, shall belong one half to the State, and
the other half to the informer, and subject to
he laid off between the informer and the
State hy writ of partition to be issued under
the direction of the Superior Court of the
County in which the Laud lies ; and to the
proceedings of said writ of partition on be-
lialfnf the State, it shall be the duty of the
Solicitors intlie respective Circuits to attend:
And when the said lands are so laid off, the
informer shall he entitled to a plot and grant
for his share, upon the payment of the. legal
office fees: Provided nevertheless, that no re
turn made hy or in behalf of any Orphan or
Orphans shall be pronounced fraudulent un
til his, her or their legal Guardian shall have
been made a party to the scire facias, or o-
fher discreet person appointed by the Court
in whfch the case is tried, to defend the case
for the said Orphan or Orphans : And Pro
vided also, The proceedings under this sec
tion take place withiit seven years front t lie-
date of the drawing.
t) 21. And be it further enacted, That no
case after being commenced as foresaid by
scire facias, shall be settled or compromised
hy the informer or otherwise disposed, of to
the prejudice of the State, and in case it is,
said land shall be liable to be returned by any
other informer in manner above prescribed,
ami division made thereof accordingly.
i) 22. And be it further enacted, That the
reserve at Fort Hawkins, and a reserve of
like extent on the opposite side of the Oc-'
inulgee river, commencing on the Upper Fe
deral Road, crossing at Fort Hawkins, and
lying below the same, be set apart for the
State, to be disposed of as a future legisla
ture may direct.
5)23. And be it further enacted, That all
the territory lying oil the east side of the
Oe.mulgee river, known by the name nf the
Reserve, be and the same is hereby added to
the county of Jones.
tj 21. And be it further enacted, That all
reserves which are recognized in the treaty
aforesaid, except those which are now or
may hereafter, (before the running of the
land) he abandoned by the Indians, shall he
exempt from the operations of this law, and
that the Surveyors within whose districts
they may fall shall make fractions adjoining
thereto, if the making of square tracts is
fe^uid to be impracticable; (hat so sonn as the
reserves recognized in the abovesection shall
he abandoned hy the Indians, after the land
Is disposed of ns above contemplated, then
sRid reserves shall be set apart and disposed
of by a future legislature, for the purpose of
educating poor children.
Assented to, 15th May, 1821.
aiTact
To prevent the establishment nf Lottery 1
Officet, and the sale of Lottery tickets in
Hie state of Georgia.
§ 1. BE it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the State of
Georgia in General Assembly met, and it
is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same, That immediately from mid after
the passing ofthis act, it shall be unlaw
ful for any person or persons to estab
lish or open an office for the purpose of
selling or vending Lottery tickets in the
state, except in such lotteries as may be
authorized by the laws thereof; and a-
ny person or persons convicted of buy
ing or selling any Lottery ticket, or part,
or share of a Lottery ticket, not author
ized by the 9tate, shall forfeit a sum not
exceeding one hundred dollars for evert
ticket thus bought or sold, to be recov
ered by information or indictment in the
Superior court of the county where the
said offence against this act may be com
mitted ; which amount, to go to the be
nefit of the free-scliool fund. And it is
hereby enjoined on all magistrates, no
tary publics and other officers, to give
information against all such as are found
violating the provisions of this act.
Assented to, IGth May, 1821.
AN ACT
To indemnify the creditors of fortunate
drawers in the several Lind Lotteries
of this state, in taking out the grants
for the land which shall have been, or may
be, drawn by such fortunate drawers.
$ 1 .BE it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the State of
Georgia in General Assembly met, and it
is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same, That from and immediately aftei
tbe passing of this act, in all cases where
there shall be a subsisting judgment n-
gainst any person or persons who lia-
drawn, or may draw a lot or lots oflaud,
and no other property can be found, it
shall be lawful for the judgment cred
itor to take out the grant or grants foi
such tract or tracts of land, so that the
same may be subject to such judgment,
and the cost of taking out such grant or
grants, shall be by the officer levying on
such land charged on the bill of costs,
which shall be paid next in order after
the costs which may have already ac
crued.
§ 2. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, That when any for
tunate drawer in any of the Land Lotte
ries of this state shall place himself in
such situation that bis property would
be subject to attachment, and no other
property can be found, it shall and may
be lawful for any creditor of euch fortu
nate drawer to take out the grant or
grants of such fortunate drawer, so as to
subject the land so drawn to the process
of attachment, and (lie cost of taking out
inch gran!, shall, lifter judgment, be by
the proper officer taxed in the bill ot
costs, and shall lie charged nnd payable
in the manner pointed out in the first sec
tion ofthis act ; Provided, t hut the cre
ditor shall in all cases produce to the
proper officer a receipt or certificate from
the Treasurer of this state, specify ing
that such creditor has paid the grant lees.
Assented to, IGth May, 1821.
AN ACT
Supplementary to An Act, to authorize cer
tain Commissioners to sell and dispose
of the Fractional parts of Surveys lying
in the counties of Appling,Irwin, Early,
Telfair, H'alton, Gwinnett, Ilall, Hab
ersham and Rabun.
§ 1. RE it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the State of
Georgia in General Assembly met and it
is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same, That the Commissioners appointed
by virtue of the before recited act, in the
discharge of their duty in exposing to sale
the Fractionsin the several counties afore
said, shall not sell or dispose of any. Frnc-
tional Surveys in the county of Appling
on dry lines, for a less sum than fifty
cents per acre, and on water courses, for
a less sum than two dollars per acre ; in
the county of Irwin, on dry lines, for
less than fifty cents per acre, and on wa
ter courses for a less sum than two dol
lars per acre ; in the county of Early for
less than two dollars per acre ; in the
county of Telfair, for a less suin than two
dollars per acre ; in the county of Walton
on dry lines, for a less sum than one
dollar per acre, and on water courses
lor a less sum than two dollars per acre;
in the county of Gwinnett, on dry lines,
for a less sum than one dollar per acre,
and on water courses for a less sum than
two dollars per acre ; in the county of
Hall, on dry lines, for a less sum than
fifty cents per acre, k on water courses,
fur less than two dollars per acre ; in
(lie county of Habersham, on dry lines,
for a less sum than fifty cents per acre,
nnd on water courses, fur less than two
dollars per acre ; in the county oP*Ra
him, on dry lines, for a less sum than fif
ty cents per acre, and on wuter courses,
for less than two dollars per acre.
§ 2. And be it further enacted, that any
Fractional Surveys which may remain
unsold at the Commissioners’ sale afore
said, and which may be in the possession
or cultivation of any tenant or tenants,
may by said Commissioners be rented to
said tenant or tenants for one year from
the time of said sales, for such sum as
said Commissioners may consider rea
sonable, securing the same by bond and
security. And said Commissioners are
further authorized and required, to col
lect or secure the payment of any rent
which may be demundable from said ten--
ants accruing previous to said sales-
Assented to, lGlh May, 1821.
anTACT
To repeal the fourth section of An Act,
passed 1Dth December, 1816, to pre
vent the circulation of notes emitted
by uncliartered banks, and the issuing
of due bills of certain descriptions, and
to compel the chartered banks of this
state to resume specie payments when
ever the bank of the United States, and
the banks oj the adjacent states shall
commence specie payments ; and also to
require of them to redeem their notes
under five dollars with specie or change
bills, issued by some one ofi the charter
ed banks.
§ 1. BE it enacted by the Senate and
House ofi Representatives ofi the State ofi
Georgia in General Assembly met, and it
is hereby enacted by the authority ofi the
same, That the reasons which induced
the passage of the aforesaid fourth sec
tion of the above recited act, having
long since ceased to exist, and its ope
ration being found only to benefit per
sons calling themselves Brokers and Lot
tery ticket sellers, to the great injury of
the chartered banks of the state, the
.•ame.be, and is hereby fully repealed to
all intents and purposes, anv law to the
contrary notwithstanding : Provided ne
vertheless, That nothing in this act con
tained, shall be so construed as to au
thorize said banks to refuse the pay
ment of specie.
Assented to, IGth May, 1821.
vmuhiu.v.
Savannah, May 9.
ONE DAY EATER FROM LONDON.
The arrival of the Georgia has given
us London dates to the 23d March, and
commercial letters from Liverpool to the
27th. It is with feelings of no ordinary
disappointment that we inform our rea
ders of the reverse of the Neapolitan ar
my. The report nuich had been wide
ly circulated, and generally believed, of
the discomfiture of the Austrian army,
proves to have had no foundation- The
Neapolitans were beaten, and the victo
rious army was marching on Naples.—
Such is the statement which will be
found in our extracts from the London
Courier of 23d March. However, al-
tlio’ we must partially credit the ac-
count, yet ns no particulars are given of
the engagement, nor of the extent of loss
sustained on either side, it would lie
premature to make any calculation on
the consequences that may result.—
tVhat is termed a battle, may only have
been a skirmish of outposts, or at any
rate an indecisive rencontre. The force
of the Austrians, computed at 45,000
men, could certainly make no fatal im
pression iu one engagement upon so nu
merous a population as that of Naples,
when it is asserted that one hundred nnd
thirty thousand men are in arms on the
frontiers. Aud although this account is
rather gloomy, yet the events in the
North of Italy which are officially an
nounced, afford us ample consolation.—-
They open u brirliant prospect ol suc
cess, and relieve iit\frbin all fears of ul
timate defeat. As great an enthusiasm
appears to pervade the states ot Pied
mont, ns has ever actuated the Neapoli
tans, and if without actual oppression
their feelings can be so strongly aroused,
with what energy will they lie nerved,
when the despots of Europe shall at
tempt to wrest from them the rights they
have proclaimed. Under nil circum
stances »ve think there is no reason to
despond.
A letter from Liverpool of the S7th
March to n Commercial House in this
City, quotes Sea Island Cotton at I Id a
17d—upland 9 a 10 1-2d ; very fine Sea
Island 17 1-2 a 2ld ; stained do. 10 1-2
a 13d. The sales of the week previous
to this date, over 19,000 bags.
most tiif, London rorntrn, 23.1 March.
BATTLE BETWEEN THE AUSTRIANS
AND NEAPOLITANS.
Our anticipation that an engagement
had taked place at Kicti, is fully con
firmed by the following intelligence,
which we hasten to lay before our rea
ders, and which we have from a source
in which the most implicit reliance may
be placed. A letter has been received
from Paris this morning by express, writ
ten on Wednesday morning, communica
ting the important event of n battle be
tween the Austrians and the Neapolitans;
the former have been completely suc
cessful, and have taken a great number
of prisoners. The Austrians were on
their march to Naples, where they ex-
pected to arrive without further fighting.
The Neapolitans commenced the attack;
the engagement took place at Rieti, on
the 7th. Thq French funds, which had
been 73f. immediately advanced to 77f.
GOc, on the intelligence reaching Paris.
The following appears in the second
edition of a morning paper.
“ The following is a copy of a notice
posted on the F.xchnnge at Paris, in the
afternoon of Wednesday last, by order of
M. Hoy, tbe minister of France :—
“ There has been on the 7th inst. an
engagement between the Austrians and
Neapolitans. The latter had advanced
on liieti, which was occupied by the
Austrians.—They were repulsed with
considerable loss. The Austrian army
has entered the Aliruzzi ; many prison
ers have fallen into their liapd*, and*the
greatest disorder appears to reign in the
Neapolitan army.”
The news from Italy since our last is
rtf considerable interest, especially that
portion of it which relates to Piedmont.
The first act of the revolution in that
country is completed, nnd we must wait
to see how the drama will proceed.—
The act of abdication of the late King of
Sardinia is now before the world, and
who will not smile at its introductory de
clarations ? “ Me have frequently con
templated the abdication of the throne”
—“ This idea which we have always en
tertained etc.” We do not mean to say
that it is impossible Victor Emanuel
may have contemplated a retirement
from the cares of monarchy, hut certain
ly the intention lias been disclosed under
circumstances w hich entitle it to very lit
tle confidence on the score of sincerity.
It is remarkable that in the solemn act of
abdication, there is no mention of the per
son in whose favor it has been made.
We learn indeed from the declara
tions and proclamations of the Prince de
Carignan, that^ie holds the reins of go
vernment only until the late King’s bro
ther Charles Felix, duke de Genevois,
can arrive tn assume them. This Prince
is in his 66th year, and has been married
14 years to a daughter of the King of Na
ples ; but lie has no children by her.—
The Royal Family of Sardinia is divided
into two branches ; the reigning one,
which is that of Savoy, and that of Savoy
Carignan. The next in succession to
the Duke de Genevois is the Prince de
Carignan, who is in his 23d year. He is
married to a daughter of the Grand Duke
of Tuscany, but is also without children.
The Spanish constitution has been
formally promulgated by the regent, and
« provisional junta of government ap
pointed, consisting of 15 members.
MANIFESTO
OK THK.
GOVEUXME.YT OF THE TIVO SICILIES.
Naples, Feb. 28.
The Constitutional Government of the
Two Sicilies, against which the Congress
at Laybach has fulminated its anathemas,
while it prepares to repel the most vio
lent aggression of which history has ever
made mention, desires also to appeal to
the opinion of Europe and all civilized
Nations, and that every one may equally
judge on which side is reason, and on
which side is injustice iu the n ar, which,
after five years of peace, is going to break
out in unhappy Italy. The Govern
ment owes it to itself to make known all
the particulars which have conducted it
to the political situation in which it is at
this moment placed.
The wants of the people of the Two
Sicilies, tlie degree of civilization to
which it lias attained, had called for ma
ny years for a change in the internal sys
tem of the State. At the beginning of
July, 1820, the Constitution of Spain
was demanded by the unanimous voice
of the nation. The King adhered to it,
saving the modification (imposed by (he
Representatives of the Nation, who were
convoked principally for this purpose,
with the obligation to respect the basis of
the new social compact. On the 15th
of the same month His Majesty swore to
observe it before the Provisional Junta ;
and on the 19th, thS King made an offi
cial communication of it to till (he Fo
reign Power* with whom he was on the
terms of friendship.
ffVvcr since their first movement, the
■spirit of modcration, a scrupulous regard
to the independence of institutions, and
the rights of other nations, have formed
the rule oftlio conduct of the Neapolitan
Government. It proclaimed these max
ims before the whole world, when it re
fused to interfere in the affairs of Bone-
vesto and Ponto Corvo, which had called
for its interference. Europe cannot
doubt of the sincere desire of the govern
ment to live in pence and good under
standing with alt others, if it examines,
without partiality, the conduct observed
toward* Austria. Scarcely was the form
of onr political regime changed, when
the first thought of the Court of Naples
was to assure the Cabinet of Vienna, that
such a change could nnl, in any manner,
impair the situation and alliance existing
between the Two Sicilies. The first
overtures having been rejected, the
king setting aside all resentment, re
peated his assurances, sent ambassadors,
and in short attempted nil means of ami
cable communication ; but all was in
vain. So much harshness on the part of
Austria, was returned at Naples by the
greatest respect to the Legation, the con
suls, and nil the subjects of Austria,
Nevertheless the Court of Vienna,
constantly alleging that our political re
form “ shook the foundations of the so
cial edifice, that it proclaimed anarchy
as a law, that it menaced the safety of
thrones, and that of recognized Institu
tions k the tranquility of Nations,” urged
with precipitation the most extraordina
ry preparations of war in the Italian
States, increased the garrisons of Fer
rara, Placentia, and Commacchio, nnd
solicited all the Powers of Europe to de
clare against the Neapolitan government,
not to receive its ministers, and to break
off all communication with it.
His Majesty then ordered the Duke
de Catnpo Chiaro, his secretary of state,
minister for Foreign Affairs, to demand
of that court, in his name, a categorical
explanation of these extraordinary ar
maments, and of the attitude which is
assumed towards us ; but this note, sent
for that purpose to Prince Metternich, the
very day when the king, on opening the
first session of the National Parliament,
renewed in the midst of it, the oath to
maintain the Constitution—this Note, in
which all the accusations directed against
our political reform were refuted, re
ceived no answer.
In the interval, the sovereigns of Aus
tria, Russia and Prussia, met at Trop-
pau, with their plenipotentiaries, and
those of France and England. The ob
ject of this meeting was to take into con
sideration the affairs of Naples, nod its
result 1° invite his majesty the king,*to
repair to Laybach, to co-operate with'
the allied sovereigns on “the means of.
conciliating the interests and the happi
ness of his people, with the duties' which
they were called *upou to fulfil towards
their pwn States, ^ towards the world.”
His majesty accepted admission, which
was proposed to him in the name of a
tutelary alliance, solely destined to guar
antee the political independence of all
the states. The parliament consented
to the departure of the sovereign, and
thus refuting the calumnies spread res
pecting the state of constraint in which
the king was supposed to be, it shewed
the confidence which it placed in its au
gust defender, lie departed, in fact, at
tended by the prayers of the nation, but
scarcely has he arrived at Laybach, when
he is deprived of the minister whom he
had brought with him, and threatened
with a disastrous war, to oblige hiyi to
adhere to the principles, and to tffe vio
lent measures already resolved at Trop-
pait. All the means he employs to a-
vert this misfortune are fruitless.
It was then that the powers assemb
led at Laybach took against the kingdom
of the Two Sicilies rcsofutions, which at
the utmost would be imposed after ^great*
number rtf victories upon a vanquished
and humbled nation. The envoy of Rus
sia and Prussia, k the Charge d’Affaires
of Austria, communicated them to his
royal highness the Prince Regent outlie
9lh of this month, and declared to him
that an Austrian army would advance to
occupy the Neapohtan^erritory, unless
the order of things established since the
6th July be immediately abolished ; and
that even if this spontaneous submission
took, jdace the army would still penetrate
into the kingdom to maintain the new
order of things which it has intended to
establish there.
It was then that his royal Liglincss
gave to the diplomatic agents those no-*
hie answers which after having excited
their admiration and respect, produced
in the parliament an enthusiasm which
has communicated itself to the hearts of
all the Neapolitans. Every body now
knows, that our magnanimous prince
would not determine on any thing till he
had consulted the deputies of the na
tion, to whom he communicated these
proposals, that they might take such a
resolution as was most suitable in the
difficult situation in which the monarchy
was placed ; as to himself, faithful to his
oaths, lie protested that he would share
the fate of the nation, from which he
never could have separated himself.
The extraordinary parliament being
then convoked, declared in the memora
ble sitting of the 16th, that it was not a-
ide to consent to any of the proposals ;
that it considered bis majesty under res
traint ; that during such a state of things
his royal Itighntess the duke of Calabria
should continue to exercise the regency;
and, lastly, that all measures should be
taken for the safety of the state.
Public opinion had already anticipated
these determinations. The Priace Re
gent, bound by a sacred oath to maintain
the constitution, which is now a funda
mental law of monarchy, lias sanctioned
them; he hits thought he should thus best
fulfil the duties imposed upon him, ns
much towards the nation whose destinies
are confided to him, ns towards the king,
his august father, whose interest cannot
be separated from that of his people.
Meantime, hostile to the social com
pact, which, by the beneficence of our
jcing, forms the palladium of the monar
chy of the Two Sicilies, the court of Vi
enna pretends to abolish it, because a
nation regenerated to liberty and inde
pendence does not yield to its will ; it
has employed every means to make it be
lieved that the interest of its policy is
that of Europe, and has sworn utterly to
overturn all our internal organizations.
Already its troops are advancing for this
purpose towards the national frontiers,
already the sword is stained with blood,
and menaces Europe with u war which
has no parallel, directed against consti
tutional ideas and the independence of
nutions. *
It could not have been feared, that
those same armies which were united a
short time ago in the name of social or
der to deliver Europe from oppression,
would march against a nation which can
not be reprdnehed with any infraction of
the law of nations, nnd which, without
exciting troubles among any of its neigh
bors, without offending legitimacy, and
even professing the most respectful ve
neration for its Sovereign and his ungust
dynasty, is •perseveringly engaged in a-
meliorating its internal administration.—
The Powers of the second rank must see
irt what happens to the Kingdom of Na
pies the imminent dangers which threat
en them. On the day when our cause
shall be rased, the independence, the
liberty of Europe will share, the same
fate. But a cause protected by justice
and public opinion, a cause which inter
ests art wise governments, and all nations
who feel their dignity, a cause which
will be defended by the whole nation,
whose wishes have expressed themselves
on this occasion with such unanimity,
such n cause must triumph. Despair
will combat against force j he who de
fends the constitutional laws and inde
pendence of the country, he who com
bats the foreigner who comes to rob him
of the first, and to tread the second un
der foot, is not always the weakest.
The Neapolitan Government, though
it ha9 provoked no one, though it has op
posed ’the noble attitude of moderation
to the multiplied eut,rnges which have
been lavished upon it by those who con
spired its ruin, is now attacked by an
Austrian Army, which pretends to im
pose laws upon it ; but since neither
Russian nor Prussian troops are mnreh-
ing towards our frontiers, it is only to
the Austrian Government we are oblig
ed to oppose the resistance which our
own defence requires. However his
Royal Highness flatters himseW that the
Monarchs assembled at Laybach, seeing
the noble feelings w^iich unite the inha
bitants of the Two Sicilies, and their u-
ifanimous, determination to defend the
liberties and the honor of their nation,
will renounce their prejudices, and will
leave at peace a generous people, who
desire only to efljby the benefits of its
new political system, under the protec
tion of the constitutional and legitimate
throne : 4 people which, during a peri
od of seven months, Jias shewn that no
ble attitude and that respect to the King
and to the«Royal Family, which have
made Europe judge it to be worthy of
liberty ; a people, in fine, which, taking
no share jn the affairs of other nations,
have surely a right to expect that no one
/hould interfere in its concerns, flis
Royal Highness l^ptteft himself that all
the other Powers of Europe, not con
cerned in the present contest, will con
tribute by their persuasion and good of
fices to put an end to the disasters in
which the scourge of war, ready to fall
upon onr country', threatens to involve
humanity, Ifthe fire is kindled in the
South,of the Italian Peninsula, who is
there that must not fear the conse
quences ? and who can say where its
dreadful ravages will stop?
If unhappily a* war of exterminafiofl
cannot he avoided, the Prince Regent
and his august brother will place them
selves at the head of the Neapolitan Ar
my, and will combat with it to the last
extremity against the for^gn invasion,
invoking the aid of the Supreme Arbiter
oftmpircs, who protects inifocence and
right, and punishes abuse of force, injus
tice, and oppression.
tS IMPROVE fllE QUALITY AND QUAN
TITY OF THE POTATOE.
Mokf.eield, Feb. 18, 1821.
• I had Iward many years hack, that the
best way to improve the I’otatoe, was from
the seed of its own apple. About five or
?.'■* years past I made the trial—I gathered
a handful of the apples off the blue potntoe,
when fully ripe—1 mashed them, and wash
ed out the seed find dried them. In the
spring I sowed them in drills—they came up
very thick, bal ing the appearance of some
small weeds. In two 6r three weeks they
put out leave*, having the appearance of
potatoes. I then thinned Ahem and worked
them as I thought light. In the fall I had
seed of many kinds—white, blue, and red,
nf various shapes nnd complexion. I select
ed four or five kinds in the spring, and plant
ed each separate and found I had improved
my potatoes very much as to flavour—and
also, some of the kinds I selected were very
productive, so much so, that I planted no
more of my old seed, and do still consider the
change advantageous.
ABEL. SEYMOUR.
[American Farmer.]
notice!
A LL persons are cautioned against trad
ing for a note given hy me to James
Cowan of Jasper county, thu amount of
which I believe is $ 119, dated in April 1020,
and payable in August following, as I have
offsetts against said note, anil am determin
ed not to pay it until I can have a fair settle
ment with said Cowan.
TIIOMAB HURON.
May St, 1821. 15—at
RECORDER.
MILLI’DOEVILLE, TUESDAY, MAY 22.
OJT Tiiero is one subject which comes home
with peculiar force to the feelings and bosoms
of the people of the South, as dependent on it,
are the prospects of (lettering their fortunes nnd
providing fortlie coinfort oftheir fumilies—this
Is, the demand for our great article of export
Colton. The late depression of price has pro
bably caused unnecessary nlarm and # 'vcn rise
to ominous predictions, not fully justihed by the
actual'prospects.
It has not been long since we were panic-
struck hy the increase of Brazil cotton, superior
tnonrupkmrf in quality ; afterwards, the reduc
ed price at which thu article, could be furnished
from British India it was feared would exclude
our cotton from the European market. But the
culture in Brazil lias not increased as was ex
pected, and the cotton of India is so inferior,
as not greatly to interfere with ours. It has
been lately asserted, and we believe with truth,
that profit has been made on shipments of Ame
rican cotton to China—if so, our valuable staple
may henceforth in part, if not altogether, ob
viate the necessity of exporting to that country
our specie, and thereby lind for itself a new
vent, where the demand, if in any proportion
to the denseness of population, will he immense.
But we do not, we must confess, place great
reliance on any one circumstance, or the opin
ion of any individual, however intelligent,
where causes beyond the ken of human fore
sight, may change the result of the best founded
calculations. We cannot forget the entire fai
lure of Mr. Jefferson's predictions, contained in
his « .Votes on Virginia," that the States of the
South and West, favored with a climate and
soil more genial to the production of Tobacco,
would raise it of better quality and cheaper, se
as to supersede the culture in Virginia. No o-
pinion could he better supported by reasoning
and .probability, yet experience and facts have
fully proven its incorrectness. These hasty re
marks have been produced hy the two follow
ing articles, which to us appear deserving of
notice.
• __
FROM THE EVqCIRER.
Great Staple of the Southern and tt'estern States."
The cultivation of COTTON has recent
ly become a subject of considerable discus
sion. Some of the Southern papers contend,
that at no distant day its price wilt not pay
for its cultivation, nnd that it must he aban
doned. Some of the Northern Tariffists al
so say, that it will be driven hy other cottona
from foreign markets. We seize this oppor
tunity, therefore, to lay the following letter
before, the public—which sheds so much
light upon the subject. It is written by «.
partner in one of the first mercantile Houses
in Liverpool, who explored our western
country principally for information on this
very article, and is addressed to a mercan
tile friend in the City of Richmond, dated
• Natchez, Mth April, 1820.
I addressed a few lines to you I believe
front Savannah, and have since had n ve
ry agreeable,* aud # rather expeditious
ride through Alabama to New Orleans.
Cotton was maintaining itself rather
higher than might have been expected in
New Orleans—good, readily command
ing about 17 a 18—good fair, 16, *hnd
inf. to tnidg. bt to 15 cents per lb.—
There is considerable' difference of o-
pinion as to the extent of the crop, a»
you will observe by ^statement which I
enclose, and from the stocks in England;
at the end of the year, I am disposed to •
believe that there will be no great ac- •
cumulation of cotton in Europe at the
close of 1820.—East India we may al
most exclude from our calculation.
With regard to an interesting point on
which we had some conversation—l
mean the price of cotton which will af
ford thu planter an adequate profit, I
will state to you freely what has occur
red to me on the subject, agreeable to
your request, though I shall draw hea
vily both on your patience and candour.
The fact is, that to the general question
at #hat price can a planter afford to sell
his cotton—it is difficult to give a defin
ite answer, without entering into many
particulars, since the erpences of produc
tion depend in a great measure on the
current value of cotion, and vary with
the more material fluctuations in its mar
ket price. Thus, when co'ton rises in
value, the price of negroes advances in
about the same proportion—Indian corn,
their principal article of subsistence*
follows—but at a little distance, because
it can he imported from other states ;
and land at a still greater, because almost
every planter possesses more than he
actually cultivates. Corresponding ef
fects are produced by a fall in the price
of cotion in foreign markets. It is evi
dent, therefore, that a planter may real
ize at very different prices of cotton, the
same interest on his capital—understand
ing hy his capital, the sum which his
land and negroes would command at the
respective periods in which it would be
necessary to invest in land and negroes
in order to produce the same quantity of
cotton.
Alterations in the value ofcottonthere
fore affect the value of hit capital, but
not the rate of interest he derives from
it—nnd 15 cents per lb. when that vnlua
is reduced one half, may afford him the
average profits of stock in the country
where he resides, as certainly a* 3° eta.
before that reduction.
The expence of clothing the negroes
is almost the only article in the cost^ of
production of cotton which doe* not fol
low its fluctuations in' value, and this is
too insignificant to require notice.
Could land and negroes therefore in