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VOLUME XLYII.
K.M. OR ME & SON.
EDITORS AND Jt-ROi'RIETORS.
Tcrals —$3 00 per niiira, 1n Advance.
TRANSIENT ADVERTISING.
Per square often lines,eaehinsertion, $1 00
LEGAL ADVERTISING.
Ordinary's.—Citations for Letters of Ad
ministration, by Administrators, Executors.
Guardians, &e --. 3 00
Application for Letters of Dismission frou;
MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1866
NUMBER 16,
public laws.
4
3
5 00
3 OU
00
Administration
Application for Letters of Dismission frou
Guardianship : ,
Application for leave to sell Land
Notice to Debtors and Creditors
Sales of personal or perishable property,
ft, square of len lines -•
Sales of Land, fur square of ten lines....
Sheri fs.—Each levy of ten lines, or less,
Mortgage sales of ten lines, or less
All advertisements of sales by Sheriffs
exc eding ten lines, will bo charged in pro
portion.
Tai Collector’s sales, per square
Clerk's.—foreclosure of Mortgage and
other monthly advertisements, § I 00 per
square of ten lines tor each insertion.
1 r!l man advertising bis wife,in advance, 20 00
5 00
torn
Tributes ot Respect,
Resolutions by Se-
cicties, Oouuaries, tScc., exceeding six lines,
t j be charged as transient advertising.
Sales of Land, by Administrators, Ex
ecutor* or Guardians, are required by law to
b- held on the first Tuesday in the month, be-
tvveon the hours of ten in the forenoon aud three
in the afternoon, at tire Court-house in the county
in which the property is situated.
Notice of these sales must be given in a public
wxr. ttte 40 days previous to the day of sale.
Notices for the sale of personal property must
be g lV611 i® like manner 10 days previous to sale
day. ■ - ■ ■ •
lSGti. COURT ^CALENDAR, "it,
REVISED BV THE SOUTHERN RECORDER.
SUPEKIOIl COURTS.
JAM UAttY.
2d Monday . Chatham
3 d “ Floyd
February.
lstMouday .Clark
Polk.
Lumpkin
2d Monday, Dawson
Paulding
3d Monday, Campbell
Forsyth
Glascock
Housto n
Meri wethe r
\V alton
1 h Monday, Baldwin
J acksau
Moui oe
Taliaferro
UstMondav, Walker
Tn’siiay att’r, P ierce
MARCH.
1st Monday, Appling
Chattooga
Cherokee
Coweta
Columbia
Crawford
Gwinnett
Madison
M a l ion
Morgan
2d Monday ,liutn
Bartow
Coffee
Elbert
Fayette
Greene
Pickens
Washington
W ebster
Thorsdayaft’r Montgomery
Id Monday, Cobh
Calhoun
Hall
Hart
Heard
Macon
Newioif
Talbot
Tattnall
Ware
Frutav after,Bulloch
4th Mondsy,Clinch
Chattahoochee
Johnson
Lee
Milton
Putnam
T wiges
Wilkes
M °"i a L nf -^chols
,erlhM '’“- Effinghom
day. )
APRIL.
1st Monday, Carroll
Dooly
Krnatme 1
Early
F ulton
Gordon
Pike
Taylor
\V arren
Wi Ikinso n
Banks
2d Monday, Hancock
F ranklin
Richmond
Harris
Lauten s
Miller
Sumter
Tuesdsya fter .Mclntos h
3d Monda y , Glynn
Ilabersiia m
Haralson
Henry
Jones
Liberty
Murray
Oglethorpe
Pulaski
Stewart
Worth
4th Monday,Wayne
Bryan
Rabun
Decatur
DeKalb
J asper
Lincoln
Schlev
Whitfield
Wilcox
Friday after,Telfair
Camden
Thursday afler.Irwin
Monday “ Berrien
“ White
•“ Chariton
JULY
3d Monday, Floyd
AUGUST.
1st Monday, Lumpkin
Polk
2d Monday, Dawsou
Clark
Paulding
3d Monday, Campbell
F orsyth
Glascock
H ousion
MeriwetUe r
Walton
4th Monday .Baldwin
Jackson
Monroe
Taliaferro'
Tli’sdny before,
1st Monday in /Pierce
September. J
SEPTEMBER,
la tMonday, Appling
Chattooga
Cherokee
Coluinoia
Coweta
Crawford
Mad isou
Marion
Morgan
2d Monday,Bulls
Bartow
Coffee
• Elbert
Fayette
Greene
Gwinnet 1
Pickens
Washington
Webster
3d Monday Cobb
Calhoun
Hall
Hart
H eard
Macon
Newion
Talbot
Ware
4thMonday, Clinch
Chattahoochee
Johnson
Lee
Miltcn
Putnam
Twiggs
Wilkes
last Monday, Walker
Monday a. I- )
the 4th > Echel a
Monday )
OCTOBER.
Is tMonday, Carroll
Dooly
Early
Emanuel
Fulton
Gordon
Taylor
Warren
Wilkinson
Pike
Batiks
2d Monday, Gilmer
Franklin
Hancock
Harris
Laurens
Miller
Rich-non d
Sumter
Ths’dy Rfter Fannin
3d Monday, Glynn
Habersb am
Haralson
Henry
J ones
Murray
Oglethorpe
Pulaski
Stewart
Union
Worth
Montgomery
MAY.
l«t Monday .Clayton
Randolph
Sciiven
U osor,
2d Monday, Catoosa
Chatham
Gilmer
Jefferson
Mitchell
M useogee
Ths’dy after Fannin
3d Mundi\,Baker
* Bibb
Bui ke
Qci'inan
Snalding
Troup
Union
Thu rsdav aft.Towns
4th Monday, Dade
Terrell
Last Moni-iv,Colquitt
JUNE.
1 st Monday, D' -rty
Lowndes
2d Monday, Brooks
Clay
3d Monday, Thomas
Thursday
after )
Tov/na
4 th M ondv.Decatu r
DeKalb
Jasper
Lincoln
Rabun
frehtey
Tattnall
W ayne
Whitfield
Wilcox
Friday after Telfair
Bulloch,
Camden
Thursdays fi er. Irwin
M ondayal'ter, Berrien
Monday ,4 Chariton
“ White
NOVEMBER.
1st Monday.Clayton
2d Monday )
after 4th > EffinghcmJ
Mond. Oct.)
Randolph
Scrieen
Upson
2J Monday, Catoosa
Jefferson
Mitchell
Muscogee
3d Mondav.Baker
Bibb
Burke
Quiituan
Spalding
Troup
4th Monday Dade
Terrell
Thursday sfi. McIntosh
Monday after Colquitt
do do Liberty
Moudav aft. Libertv,Bryan
DECEMBER.
1st Monday, Dougherty
Lowndes
2d Monday, Brook*
Clay
3d Monday, TUotn** *
An Act^o chringe tin? time of holding the Courts
of Ordinary in the month cf January, in this
State.
Whereas, The Courts of. Ordinary of
the several Counties have heretofore been,
and still are held on the second, instead of
the first Monday in January, for the rea
son that heretofore the general election
for County officers was held on the first
Monday in January; and whereas, said
election Jay has been changed from said
first Monday, to the first Wednesday in
January :
Sec. 1 r Be it therefore enacted by the Gen
eral Assembly the St ate of Georgia, That
from and after the passage of this Act. the
Courts of Ordinary of the several Counties
of this State, be held on the first Monday iu
January, instead of the second Monday ;
any law, usage, or custom to the contrary
not withstanding.
Sec. 2. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 16th February, I860.
An Act to prescribe the oath to be administered to
voter* for members of the General Assembly,
Governor of this State, members of Congress,
Judges of the Superior Courts, State’s Attorney,
and Solicitors General and County Officers.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted, That the oath to
be administered to voters for members of
the General Assembly, Governor of this
State, Members of CoDgress, Judges of
the Superior Courts, State’s Attorney aud
Solicitors General, and County officers,
when required by the Managers of an
election, shall be as follows :
“l swear that I have attained to the
age of twenty one years—that I ain a cit
izeu of the United States—and have re
sided for the last two years iu this State,
and for the last six months in this County,
and have considered aud claimed it as my
borne, and have paid all legal taxes which
have been required of me, and which I
have had an opportunity of paying agree
able to law, tor the year preceding this
election. So help me God.”
Sec. 2. A voter under section 1224 of
the Code, shall take the following oath,
when required by the Managers of an
election :
“I 8wear that I have attained the age
of twenty-one years—that I am a citizen
of the United States, and have resided for
the last two yrars iu this State, and for
the. last 6ix months in this District or Cir
cuit, (as the case may be,) and have con
sidered aud claimed it as my home, and
have paid all legal taxes which have been
required of me, and which 1 have had an
opportunity of paying agreeable to law, for
the year preceding this election. So help
me God.”
Sec. 3. When any voter shall offer to
vote for Governor out of the County of his
residence, he shall take, if required, the
oath last above specified, except that he
shall not be required to swear to his resi
dence for the last six months iu the Coun
ty, District, or Circuit.
Sec. 4. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 9th February, 1S66.
An Act to permit certain persons to build Stock-
gaps on the Western & Atlantic Rail Road.
Whereas, Under existing laws, no one
owning land through which the Western
Sc Atlantic Rail Road passes, shall build
any fence or other improvement nearer
than feet to the bed of said Road ;
and whereas, Sherman’s array destroyed
nearly all of the fences, and destroyed a
great deal of the timber along the line of
said Road, in the State of Georgia—
Therefore,
Sec. 1. Be it enacted, by the' Senate and
Ifou&e of Representatives, That all persons
in said State owning lands through which
said road passes have permission to build
stock-gaps ou said Road where the line of
their fences cross the same, and that they
have the privilege of joining their fences
to the same. Provided, That nothing iu
this Act shall be so conetrued as to permit
said land owners to improperly interfere
with the bed of said Road, or to render it
less safe, or to interfere with the running
of the trains on said Road.
Sec. 2. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 5th February, 1866.
An Act to carry into effect a portion of the third
paragraph of the first section of the fourth article
of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, and
to provide the mode of carrying cases from the
City Courts of the Cities of Savannah and Au
gusta, aud such other like Courts as may here
after be established, and for other purposes.
Sec. 1. The General Assembly of the
State of Georgia do enact, That the mode
now pi escribed by law for carrying cases
from the Superior Courts to the Supreme
(joint shall obtain iu, and apply to the
City Courts of the Cities of Savannah and
Augusta, and such other like Courts as
may be hereafter established, and the
Judges, Clerks and Sheriffs, of such infe
feiior judicatories are hereby authorized
and required to do aud perform all the acts
in relation to carrying cases from their re
spective Courts, which are uow performed
or required of like officers of the Superior
Conrte, where cast-3 are carried from the
Superior Courts.
Sec. 2. Any change or modification of
the mode ot carrying cases from the Supe
rior Courts to the Supreme Court, which
may hereafter be marie, shall apply to and
govern such inferior judicatories, mvfafis
mutandis, although they may not be
specially named.
Sec 3. Repeals conflicting Ians.
Approved 6th February, 1S66.
at the time of their election or appoint
ment, reside permanently in the Circuit
for which they were elected or appointed.
See. 2. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 23d February, 1866.
An Act to alter the Road Laws of this State, and
to amend the 585th, 538th, 594th, 602nd, and
604th Sections of the Code of Georgia.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted, Sfc., That from
aud immediately after the passage of this
act, the 585th Section of the Code of
Georgia shall be amended so as to read as
follows, to wit: “All male inhabitants,
white and black, iu this State, between
the ages of sixteen and fifty years, are sub
ject to work on the public roads, except
such as are specially exempted.”
Sec. 2. Section 588 shall read as fol
lows, to-wit: “The several managers or
employers of male free persons of color,
shall, whenever required, furnish the over
seers of the Road District with a list in
writing of those who are liable to work on
the public roads, signed by them, under a
penalty of paying thre6 dollars for each
male free person of color so liable to work
on the public roads, and whose names are
not so furnished, to be collected as fines
for not workiug the road.”
Sec. 3. Section 594 shall read as fol
lows: “Every individual liable to road
duty, who, being duly summoned to work,
shall neglect to obey such summons, and
to carry the implements as ordered, or ap
peariug with or without the implements,
neglects or refuses faithfully to work, shall
be fiued not less than one nor more than
three dollars for every day he or they Bhall
fail to work, or be imprisoned at the discre
tion of the Commissioners,
Sec. 4. Section 602 shall read ap fol
lows: “Such Commissioners must issue
executions under their hands aud seals,
or their warrants of arrest, as the case may
be, against all defaulters who fail to reu
der a good excuse, directed to any lawful
Constable, who shail levy and collect the
same as executions issued from Justices’
Courts or as the case may be, arrest the
defaulter aud bring him or them before the
Commissioners, to abide tbo judgment of
the same.”
Section 5. Section 604 shall read as
follows : “If Constables neglect their duty
in collecting such fi fas. or fail to pay over
the money, or fail to make such arrest and
bring them before the Commissioners,
they shall be subject to rule aud suit at
the instance of such Commissioners, as
though the fi fas or warrants had issued
from a Justices’ Court.”
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That
in all cases where executions may be is
sued against road bauds in tbe employ
ment of others, notice to the employer ot
the existence of said execution shall have
the force and effect of a garnishment, and
shall operate as a lieu on wages due or to
become due from said employer to said
employee, and may le collected as in
cases of garnishment.
Sec. 7. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 23rd February, 1866.
An Act to alter anil amend Paragraph twelve
hundred and tliirty-two (1232j of Chapter Sec
ond of the Revised Code of Georgia.
Sec. 1. The General Assembly of the
State of Georgia do enact, That Paragraph
twelve hundred aud thirty-two (1232) of
Chapter Second ot tbe Revised Code ot
Georgia be so amended as to read as fol
follows : Tbe day of holding the same is
the 1st Wednesday in October, 1S61, and
bi ennially thereafter, and the time of day
for keepiug open the elections is from 7
o’clock A- M. to 6 o’clock, P. M,» at the
Court House, and from 8 A. M. to 3 P. M.
at the Precincts.
Approved 16th February, 1866.
Note.—The only change made by this act in
Section 1232 is the substitution of 3 P. M. for 5
P. M. at the Precincts.
An Act to amend Section 349 of the Code of Geor
gia.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives, and it is hereby
enacted by the authority of the same, i hat
so much ©f Sectiou (349) three hundred
and forty nine ot tbe Code of Georgia as
requires the residence of the Solicitor Gen
eral, one year prior to their election or ap
pointment, in the Judicial Circuit for
which they are elected or appointed, be and
the same is hereby repealed ; Provided,
that pereous elected or appointed, shall,
An Actto alter and amend the 10th Paragraph of
the 2nd Article, Part 1st, Title 16th, Chapter
5th of the Code of Georgia.
See. J. Be it enacted by the Senate arid
House of Representatives of the State of
Georgia in General Assembly met, and it is
hereby enacted by the authority of the same,
That after the passage of this act, the 10th
Paragraph of the 2nd Article, Part 1st,
Title 16tb, Chapter 5th of tbe Code of
Georgia be so altered as to road as fol
lows: That if any iuspcctor or measurer
of timber shall fail, neglect or refuse to
measure timber as is now prescribed by
law, the said inspector or measurer shall
be guilty of misdemeanor, and on convic
tion, be subject to a fine of five hundred
dollars, aod imprisonment in the common
Jail of the County for the term of three
months.
Sec. 2. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved, 1st February, 1S66.
An Act to suspend the operation of Section fifteen
hundred and twenty-eight of the Code of Geor
gia in certain Couutis.
Sec. 1. Tire General Assembly of the
State of Georgia do enact, That Section
fifteen hundred and twenty eight of tbe
Code of Georgia shall be suspended iu
those Counties which have nm standards
shall be supplied as now provided by law ;
of weights and measures until such stand
ards, Provided, that said Counties claiming
the benefit of this Act shall first have made
application to the Governor to procure
standards of weights and measures, as pro
vided lor in Section 1530 of tbe Code.
See. 2. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 1st February, 1866.
Note.—The following is the Section suspended
by this net:
“See. 1528. AUjiersons engaged hi selling by
weights and measures shall apply to the Clerk of
tbe Inferior Court of their respective'County, and i
have their weights aud measures so marked, and
in default thereof, sliail not collect auy account,
note or other writing, tho consideration of which
is auy commodity sold by their weights or meas
ures.
: -E j . v...
EtHaRliBLE.—Miss Ann K. Adams, a maiden
lady of Dnnville, in the 68th year 61 her age, in
forms the Times that she is uow ent’thig her teeth
for tbe fourth time, of her life, » The same lady
had a protracted fever last summer, that caused
the less of the hair of her head, which at that
time, was almost as white as cotton, and since
theu her lmir ha* come forth again, and is uow
quite dark.—Lynchburg (l a.) tlepullican.
TcstinioHy of Gfnrra! R. E. Lee.
Reconstruction Committee.
General Robert E. Lee sworn and ex
amined by Mr. Howard :
Q. Where is your present residence ?
A. Lexiugton, Va.
Q. How long have you resided in Lex
ington ? A. Since the first of October
last—nearly five, months.
Q. Are you acquainted with the state
of feeling among what we call secessionists
iu Virginia, at present, towards the gov
ernment of the United Sta*e’. ? A. Ido
not know what I am; I have been living
very retired, and have bad but little com
muuicatioQ with politicians ; I know noth
ing more than from my own observation
and from such facts as have come to my
knowledge.
Q. From your observation what is your
opinion as to the feeling of loyalty toward
the government of the United States
among the secession portion of the people
of that State at present ? A. So far as has
come to iny knowledge I do do not know
of a single person who either feels or con
templates any resistance to the govern
ment of the United States, or indeed
any opposition to it; no word has reachr
ed me to either purpose.
Q. From what yon have observed
among them, is it your opinion that they
are friendly towards the government of
the Uuited States, aud that they will co
operate to sustain aud uphold the govern
merit for the future ? A. I believe that
they entirely acquiesce in the government
of the United States, aud so far as I have
heard any one express an opinion, they
arc for co operating with President Jolin-
sou in his policy.
Q. In his policy in regard to what ? A.
His policy iu regard to the restoration oi
tbe whole country ; I have heard persons
with whom I have conversed, express
great confidence in the wisdom of his pol
icy of restoration, and they seem to look
forward to it as a hope of restoration.
Q. How do they feel in regard to that
portion of the people of tbe United States
who have been forward and zealous in the
prosecution of the war against the rebel
lion? A. Well, I don’t know; I have
beard nobody express any opinion in re
gard to it; as I said before, I have not
had much communication with politicians
in the couutry, if there are any. Every
one seems to be engaged iu bis own affairs
and endeavoring to restore tbe civil gov
ernment of the State. I have heard no
expressions of a sentiment towards auy
particular portion of the country,
Q. How do the secessionists feel in re
gard to the payment of the debt of the
United States, contracted in the prosecu
tion of the war ? A. I have Dever heard
any one speak on the subject; I suppose
they must expect to pay the taxes levied
by the government; I have heard them
speak iu reference to tho payment of tax
es, and of their efforts to raise money to
pay the taxes, which I suppose, are for
their share of tbe debt ; 1 have never
heard any one speak in opposition to tbe
payment of. taxes, or resisting their pay
meet; their whole effort has been to try
and raise the money for the payment of
the taxes.
Q. From your knowledge of the stale of
public feeling in Virginia, is it your opin
ion that tho people would, if the question
were left to them, repudiate aud reject
that debt. A. I never heard any one
speak on that subject, hut, from my
knowledge of the people, I believe they
would be in favor of tbe payment of ail
just debts.
Q. Do they, in your opinion, regard
that as a just debt? A. 1 do not know
what their opinion is on tbe subject of
that particular debt; I have never beard
auy opinion expressed contrary to it; in
deed, as I said iu the beginning, I have
had very little discussion or intercourse
with tiie people; I believe tbe people
will pay tho debts they are called upon to
pay; I say that from my knowledge of
the people generally.
Q. Would they pay that debt, or their
portion ot it, with as much alacrity as peo
ple ordinarily pay their taxes to their
govern ineut ? A. I do not know that they
would make any distinction between tbe
two; the taxes laid by the government,
so far as I know, they are prepared to pay
to the best of their ability; I never heard
them make any distinction.
Q.. What is tbe feeling of that portion
of tbe people of Virginia in regard to the
payment of tho so-called Confederate
debt ? A. I believe, so far as my opinion
goes—I have no fact to go upon, but mere
ly base my opinion on tbe knowledge I
have ot tbe people—that they would be
willing to pay tbe Confederate debt, too.
Q. Yon think tlie”y would ? A I think
thoy would if they had the power aod
ability to do 60; I have never beard
any one in tbe State, with whom I have
conversed, speak ot repudiating any debt.
Q I suppose the Confederate debt is
almost entirely valuless, even in the mat-
knt of Virginia? A. Entirely so, as iar
as I kuow ; I believe tbe people general
ly look upon it as lost entirely ; I never
heard any question on the subject.
Q. Do you recollect the terms of tbe
Confederate bonds—when they were made
payable? A. 1 think I have a genea! re-
collection that they were made payable
six months after a declaration of peace,
Q. Six months after the ratification of a
treaty of peace between the United Slates
and the Confederate Government? A. I
think they ran that way.
Q. So that the bonds are not yet due by
their terms ? A. I suppose, unless it is
considered that there is^ peace now, they
are not due,
Q. Do you think there is a willingness
on the part of their old masters to give
them fair living wages for their labor? A.
I believe it is so. The farmers generally
prefer these servants who have been living
with, them before. I Lave heard them ex
press their preference for the men whom
they knew, who have lived with them be
fore, and their wish to get them to return
to work.
Q. Are you aware of the existence of
any combination amoug tbe “whites” to
keep down the wages of the “blacks?”
A. I am not; I have beard that in several
counties the land-owners have met in or
der to establish a uniform rate of wages,
but I never beard*iror do I know, of any
combination to keep down wages, or es
tablish any rate which they did not think
fair; tbe means of paying wages in Vir
ginia are very limited now, and there is a
difference of opinion as to how much each
person is able to pay.
Q. How do they feel iu regard to the
education of the blacks 1 Is there a gen
eral willingness to have them educated ?
A. Where I am, ami have been, the peo*
pie have exhibited a willingness that the
blacks should be educated, and they ex*
press an opinion that it would be better
tor the blacks and better for the whites.
Q. General, you are very competent to
judge of the capacity of black meu for ac
quiring knowledge. 1 want your opinion
on their capacity as compared with the
capacity of white men ? A. I do not
know that I am particularly qualified to
speak on that subject as you seem to inti
mate; but I do not thiuk that tho black
man is as capable of acquiring knowledge
as the white man. There are some more
apt than others. I have known some to
acquire knowledge and skill iu their trade
or profession. .1 have known of servants
of my own who learned to read and write
very well.
Q. Do they show a capacity to obtain
knowledge of mathematics and the exact
sciences ? A. I have no knowledge on
that subject. I am merely acquianted
with those who have learned the common
rudiments of education.
(J. General, are you aware of the exist**
ence among the blacks of Virginia, auy-
where within the limits of the State, of
combinations having in view the disturb
ance of the peace, or any improper or un
lawful acts? A. I am not; I have seen
no evidence of it and have heard of none ;
wherever I have beeu they have been
quiet and orderly ; not disposed to woik,
or rather, not disposed to any continuous
engagement to work, but just very short
jobs to provide them with the immediate
means of subsistence.
Q. Has the colored race generally as
great a love of money and poperty as the
white race possesses? A. 1 do not think
it has; tho blacks with whom I am ac
quaiuted look more to the present time
than to the future.
Q. Does that absence of a lust of money
aud property arise more from the nature
of the negro than from his former servile
condition? A. Well, it may be iu some
measure attributed to his former condi
tion ; they are an amiable, social race;
they like their ease and comfort, and 1
think look morifto tbe present than to
their future condition,
Q. In the event of a w’ar between the
United States aod any foreign power, such
as England or France, if there should be
held out to the secession portion ot the
people of Virginia, or the othor recently
rebel Sates, a fair prospect of gaining
their independence aud shaking off the
Government of the Uuited States, is it, or
is not, your opinion that they would avail
themselves of that opportunity ? A. I
canuot speak with any certainty on that
point. I do not know how far they might
be actuated by their feelings. I have
nothing whatever to base an opinion upon.
So far as I know, they contemplate noth
ing of the kind now. What may happen
in the future I cannot say.
Q. Do you not frequently hear in your
intercourse with secessionists in Virgiua
expressions of a hope that such a war may
break out ? A. I cannot say that I have
heard it. On the contrary I have heard
persons—I do not know whether you
could call them secessionists or not; I
mean those people in Virginia with whom
I associate—express the hope that the
couutiy may not Le led into a war.
Q. In stich an event, do you not think
that that class wf people whom I call se
cessionists wotM join the common enemy ?
A. It is possible. It depends upon the
feeling of the individual.
Q. if it is a fair question—you may an
swtr or net, as you choose—what, iu such
an event, might be your own choice? A.
I have no disposition uow to do it; aud I
never have had.
Q. And you cannot foresoe that such
would be your inclination in such an event ?
A. No ; 1 can only.judge from tbe past.—
I do not know wheat circumstances it may
produce. 1 canuot pretend to foresee
events. So far ns I kuow the feeling of
the people of Virginia, they wish for
peace.
Q. During 0)e civil war, was it not con
templated by tbejGovernment of tbe Con
federacy to form an alliance with soine
foreign nation, impossible ? A. I believe
it was their wish to do so, if they could.
It was their wish to have the Confederate
Government recognized as au independent
government. L have no doubt that, if it
could have made favorable treaties, it
would have douo so. But 1 know nothing
o! tbe policy of (he government; I bad
no band or part in it; I merely express
my own opinion.
Q. Tbe question I am about to put to
you, you may auswer or not as you chuose.
wpre adopted, would there be anything
like a return of the old feeling? I ask
that because yon used the expression “ac
quiescing in the resuit ?” A. 1 belive it
would take time for tbe feeling of tho
people to be of that cordial nature to tbe
government that they were formerly.
Q. Do you think that their preference
for that policy arises fioin a desire to have
peace and good feeling in the country,
or from tbe probabilit}’ of their regaiuing
political power? A. So far as I know tbe.
desire of the people of the South it is for
restoration of their civil government, and
they look upon the poliev of President
Johnson as the ouo which would most
clearly and most surely re-establish it.
Q. Do yon see any change among the
poorer classes in Virginia in reference to
industry ? Are they as mm.h or more in
terested in developing their material in
terests than they were? A. I have not
observed any change. Every one now
has to attend to his business for his sup
port.
Q. The poorer classes are generally
hard at work, are they ? A. So far as I
know they are. I know nothing to the
contrary.
Q. Is there any difference in their re
lations to the colored people? Is their
prejudice increased or diminished ? A. I
have noticed no change. Bo far as I do
know the feelings of ail the people of
Virgiuia, they are kind to the colored peo
ple. I have never heard any blame at
tributed to them as to the present condi
tion of things nr any responsibility.
Q. There are very few colored laborers
employed, I suppose ? A. Those who own
farms have employed, more or less, one or
two colored laborers; some are so poor
that they have to work themselves.
Q. Can capitalists and working men
from the North go into any section of
Virgiuia with which you are familiar ami
go to work among the people ( A. I do
not know of any thing to prevent them.
Their peace and pleasure there wonld de
pend very much on their conduct. If they
confiued themselves to their own business,
and did not interfere to provoke contro
versies with their neighbors, I do uot be
lieve they wonld be molested.
Q. There is no desire to keep out labor
and capital? A. Not that I know of. Ou
the contrary, they are very anxious to get
capital into tbe State.
Q. You see nothing of a disposition to
prevent such a thing ? A. I have seen
nothiug and do not kuow of anything, as
I said before. Tbe manner in which they
would be received would depend entirelv
upon tbe individuals themselves. They
might make themselves obnoxious, as you
can understand.
By Mr. Howard—Q. Is there not a gen
eral dislike of Northern men among se
cessionist ? A.- I suppose they wonld pre
fer not to associate with them. I do not
know that they would select them as asso
ciates.
Q. Do they avoid and ostracise them
socially ? A. They might avoid them.—
They would not select as associates unless
there was some reason. I do not know
that they would associate with them until
they became acquainted. I think it prob
able they would not admit them into their*
social circles.
By Mr. Blow—Q. What is the position
of the colored men in Virginia with refer
ence to persons they work tor l Do you
think they j^ould prefer to work for North
ern or Southern men l A. I thiuk it
very probable they would prefer the
Q. How do the people in Virginia, se- j Did you take a* oath of fidelity or alle-
eersioniste more particularly, fesl towards j giance to the Confederate Government?
the freedmen ? A. Every one with whom J A. I do i o: recollect having done so; but
I associate express the kindest feelings
towards the freedmen. They wish to see
them get ou in the world aud particular
ly to take up some occupation f**r a living,
and to put their hands to some work, i
know that efforts have been made by the
farmers near where 1 live to iuduce them
to engage for the year at regular wages.
it is possible that when 1 was commission
‘ed I did ; I do not recollect whether it
was required ; if it was required, I took it,
or il it uad beeinquired, I would have
taken it; but i do not recollect whether
it was or not.
By Mf. Blow—Q. Iu reference to the
effect of President Johusou’e policy, if it
Northern man although 1 have no facts
to go upon.
Q. That having bean stated very fre
quently in reference to the cotton States,
does it result from bad treatment on the
part of the resident population, or from
the idea that they will be more fairlv
treated by tbe now-comers? AVhat is
your observation in that respect iu regard
to Virginia 1 A. I have no means ot
forming an opinion; I do not kuow any
case in Virginia. I now of numbers of
the blacks engagiug with their old mas
ters, and I know of many who prefer to
go off and look for new homes; whether it
is from any dislike of their former mas
ters, or from any desire to change, or they
feel more free and independent, I don’t
know.
Q. What 19 your opinion in regard to
the material interest of Virginia? D>
you think they will be equal to what they
were before the rebellion made the chang
ed aspect of affairs ? A. It will take a
long time for them to reach their former
standard ; I think that after some years
they will reach it, and I hope exceed it ;
but it cannot he immediately, iu my opin
ion.
Q- It will take a number of years ?—
A. It will take a number of years I think.
Q. On tbe whole, the condition of things
in Virginia is hopeful, both in regard to
its material interests and the future peace
of the country ? A. I have heard great
hope expressed, and there is great cheer
fulness and willingness to labor.
Q- Suppose this policy of President
Johnson ^Lould be all yon anticipate, and
that yon should also realize all that yru
expect in the improvement of material in
terests, do you think that the result of
that will be the gradual restoration of the
old feeling? A. That will be the nat
ural result, I think, aud I see no othir
way in which that result can be brought
about.
Q. There is a fear in the public mind
that the friends of the policy in tbe South
adopt it because see in it the means
of repairing the political position whicli
they lost in tbe recent coutest. Da yon
think that is the main idea with them, or
that they njercly look to it, as you sav, as
tho best means of restoring civil govern
ment, ami the peace ami prosperity of
their (respective slates ? A. As to the first
point you make, 1 do not know that I ever
heard any pornou apoak upon it. I never
i»«*rd the point* separated. I have heard
them speak generally as to the effect of
the policy of President Johnson. The
feeling ia, so far as I know now, that
there is not that equality extended to the