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the docilities ot the common or muni
cipal law, are paramount and controll
ing. 1 esteem them of such surpassing
importance lor the protection of the
South against the insolence and will of
those who claim unlimited power over
the conquered, that with the design of
deepening their impression on the
minds of those who have no other security
than, in them, I cannot forego fie temp
tation of making a succinct summary
of those from which my deductions are
made.
War being the force employed by a
Nation or Stale for its defence, or the
tnainlainance of its rights whenever it
acquires the charnel* r of a civil war, the
bel'igerent power or de facto Govern
ment with whom it is waged is recog
nized during its continuance for every
purpose as an independent State with
all the faculties and powers of govern
ment which belong of right to inde
pendent Slates. The recognition of
the existence of civil war was an ac
knowledgment that the Southern Con
federacy was a belligerent power, or
de facto Government—^such recog
nition drew after it, of necessity, ac
cording to the laws of nations, the right
of this belligerent power to ’prosecute the
war; this involved the power to raise
and support armies, employ mercena
ries, make contracts for their service,
prescribe conditions of enrolment and
substitution; it involved the right to
command every citizen to defend the
Government, de facto, as far as he was
tfble. As tins duty was a legal one, as
the citizen was bound to obey a power
which he could neither resist or call in
question; obedience to its will cannot
subject nun at any time thereafter to
punishment tor such obedience to the
manic pal laws of the Government a-
gainsl which he has borne arms. By
that Government he lias been recogniz
ed as a foreign enemy : he then, when
cap ured, or conquered, can be dealt
with by the conqueror, only as on enemy.
Again: As the belligerent power, or
de facto Government has been invested
with all the powers and rights of inde
pendent Slates engaged in public war,
it follows. that to it belongs all the
rights ami powers of Government, such
as coining mone} 7 , borrowing money,
issuing its bonds or Treasury notes,
using its credit, weakening the resourc
es ol its adversary, and by legislation
prescribing how enemies properly
within us territorial limits may be cap-
lined or seized and confiscated and its
one to give you a direct and positiv e
answer. We are drifting to consoli
dation and empire, and will land there
at no distant period as certainly as the
sun will set this day, unless the people
of the several States awake to a proper
appreciation of the danger, and save
themselves from the impending catas
trophe by arresting the piesent tenden
cy of public affairs. This they can
propeily do only at the ballot box.—
All friends of constitutional liberty, in
every section of the State, must unite
in this grand effort. They must seri
ously consider, and even reconsider
many questions to which they have
given but slight attention heretofore.
Tney 7 must acquaint themselves with
the principles of their government, and
provide security for the future by
studying and correcting the errors of
the past.
This is the only hope, as I have
staled, lor the continuance of even our
present nominal form of government.
Depend upon it, there is no difference
between consolidation and empire!
No difference between centralism and
imperialism ! The end of either, as
well as all of these, is the overthrow of
liberty and the establishment of des
potism. 1 give you the words of truth
in great earnestness—words which,
however received or heeded now, will
he rendered eternally true by the de
velopments of the future.
Yours, most respectfully,
ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS.
Cotton Crops of 1868 and 1869.
Some estimate may now he formed
of the probable size of the crop of 1S6S.
now reaching market, says the Boston
Journal, lor enough has come to hand
to give a good idea of the quantity yet
to he received. The receipts at the
ports for tire past four weeks have
been in excess of those for the same
period of 1S6S, and although our inte
rior slocks have been very much reduc
ed, they are still nearly twice as large
as at the same lime last year, while
there is every reason to believe that
there is still a considerable quantity of
cotton held on the plantations; arid it is
now safe to estimate the crop of last
year at about 2,500,000 hales.
It is vet loo early to form
, lou:th white, this would leave 303,S61
blacks to 101,287 whiles.
Before the war, in the cotton States,
ibete were 3,030.242 slaves, half of
whom made cotton. Black cotton la
borers are thus reduced from 1,500,000
to 300,000.
During the war cotton raising went
up in foieign countries; since it has
declined. India produced 1,840.643
hales in 1S66 to 1,420,576 in 1S6S.
Egypt fell from 404,411 bales in 1345
to 192,035 in 186S. In both countries
in the best cotton years a million of
people died from starvation, the result
of neglecting grain to raise cotton.
In BraziT, Peru and the West Indies
the yield of cotton steadily increases.
But Tennessee alone beats all South
America and the West Indies, by 374,
860 bales to 252,207 bales.
Smyrna cut down her fruit trees in,
1864, to grow cotton, but has aband
oned it.
These facts encourage and instruct
us. They tell us :
First: That for some time the col-
ton crop of the world will fall short of
what it used to be, and hence prices
must stay up.
Second : That there is no danger to
the South from foreign rivalry, and
therefore our cotton will yet give us
power.
Third ; That our only way to raise
the cotton in the quantity we wish,
will be to import labor and encourage
immigration.
Fouth : That it is our duty to our
selves to take steps or redeem our im
mense area of unused cotton territory
from neglect and thus add to our com
mercial and political power.
The Chicago Republican thus cog
ently and frankly 3peaksof this impor
tant matter :
In fact the promotion of the numbers
ol the laboring population in the South
becomes almost if not quite a national
question. Now we are largely export
ing either bonds or gold, to pay for the
balance of trade which is against us.
Cotton is the same as cash, wherevfih
to make these payments. A cotton crop
equal to that of 1S60, might have turn
ed in our favor European exchanges
and forcetl into our hands the great ad
vantages to be derived from having
This morning, while suffering from
excessive nausea, thechild began vornit-
i ig, and in the violent retchings which
ensued, threw up a live mouse of me
dium size, which was taken care of,
a id is now on exhibition at the drug
store of Mr. Weilbacher, corner Spain
and Greatmen streets. Quite a crowd
of persons have visited the drug jstore
this morning to see the mouse, which
is alive and doing as well as could be
expected.—New Orleans Picayune.
proceeds appropriated to public uses.
J am persuaded that if the principles 1the season. There can he no doubt
of public law, determining the
anti relations of States in peace and i cotton during Iasi sprm
war, and the results of conquest; 1S6S. In Texas the in
rights I al l * ,at '0 ure was planted in
luring last spring than that ol
ncrease in area
[Constitution.
any esti
mate ol the probable cotton crop of this the balance of trade in our favor,
summer, and all opinions on this sub
ject must he considered as mere guess
work ; but we can look at its position,
and judge of its present promise, pro
vided the course is smooth throughout
were thoroughly understood and applied j 1S estimated at one-third in Georgia
the municipal Courts of the ! at A3 per cent., while the
i>y
United States Government and o
the States which have been con
quereb, with intelligence and fidelity— erage increase
the multitude of questions which : P er cent, for
now vex, and will probably
years agitate our tribunals, and which,
at every step, are embarrassing the in
terpretation and validity of contracts,
enuid receive an easy and correct so
lution.
increase in
the other States is a'so large. We will
lie quite sale in estimating the av
over last year at 9
the entire South. Now
f or ; the Bureau of Agriculture estimated
that in 1S6S there were 6,000,000
acres in the South planted in cotton,
therefore an increase of 9 per cent,
will give 6,540,000 acres as the extent
ot land under cultivation in the staple
• . • • , during this vear. By reference to the
L hie this dissentient opinion under o J . J c c . ...
! .1 A nrrifMl It II TP tor 1 Sh7 It Will
: ReporL of Agriculture for 1S67 it will
I ! he seen that the average production of
coiton throughout the South is 190
pounds per acre, hut in order to be
tut ihec tbe wonder will be, that ““'“"I 0,, V P ounJa P* r
| acre will be assumed.
The fact is indisputable that there
ha
the profound conviction that the time
is not far distant when the legal mind
of this country will he found in entire |
unison with the views 1 have expressed, j
and t
reason had ever been so demented as
to deny or ignore their coaclusiveness. |
Drifting to an Empire.
■ i;;er3 into the South during last winter
I than ever belore. It is estimated that
The Tendency of the Times—A Remark- j (Georgia, alone lias copsqmed 17,000
The Cuw Pea as a Fertilizer for
Wheat.—We have long been satisfied
from actual experiment, that the com
mon cow pea of the Southern States,
when properly managed, afford the
best and, at the same time, the cheap
est medium for the restoration of our
exhausted cotton fields. Its effects
have been as lasting and as marked
upon the fertility of our soils as that of
clover upon the worn and exhausted
lands of Virginia and Maryland.
The main reason why the cow pea
has not been heretofore extensively
used as a fertilizer was owing to the
fact that previous to emancipation, our
planters would not give up a sufficient
portion of their lands to await the
rather slow effects of this most valua
ble fertilizer. Now however, when
every planter has a large proportion of
his poor lands lying idle, there is no ex
cuse why the pea should not he set in
every field not absolutely necessary
tor corn or cetton.
Now is the best time to plant the
pea, and we desire to give our agricul-
been a larger importation of ferlil- j tara ^ friends the result of a careful ex-
1 periment made by a planter in Gwm-
the
able Letter from Hon. Alexander H.
Stephens.
The Hon. A. H. Stephens has writ
ten a Jong and elaborate letter to the
National Intelligencer, in answer to
some strictures ot ihe Hon. Mr. Nicho
las, oi Kentucky, as to the prime cause
of the war between the North and ihe
South, and closing with some specula
lions as to our political future. We
copy ^he concluding paragraphs of the
letter:
“And now, Messrs. Editors, do you
ask, Cui bonof Why so much written
upon the dead issues of the past, when
questions of so much magnitude of a
practical character press upon the
public mind? Jf so, the reply is two
fold. First, to vindicate the truth of
history, which is itself a high duty on
tons, and all of the other States have
taken proportionate qualities. This
increased use of fertilizers will give an
increased productive power to the
lands, which increase can be safely es
timated at about seventeen per cent.,
raising the average production of the
South from ISO pounds to 210 pounds
peracre; in addition to which the lands
have been more thoroughly cultivated,
and the freedmen have worked better
and more steadily than last year, arid
give every promise*of continuing to do
so.
There can he no doubt that the
young cotton has been injured by the
cool spring, but the injury has been
greatest in South Carolina, Tennessee,
Arkansas and the Northarn parts of
Mississippi, while the real cotton re
the part of any one who has it in his ! giou of the South, Georgia, Florida,
- - ... ■ Texas, Louisiana and the Southern
parts of Mississippi anti Alabama, have
not suffered so severely ; but tiie injury
to the entire crop will probably amount
to about 10 per cent. During the past
two weeks there have been successive
power to do it; and, in the second
place to show the people of these
States, in this vindication, not only the
true cause, the real ‘causa caimans’ of
the late war, but the real cause of their
present troubles. The Federal ma-. .
chinery for the last ten years has been j hot days and nights, with tine tains
abnormal in its action. It must be j once or twice, which is the best kind
brought hack to the Jeffersonian doc
trines. and made to conform in its
of weather for cotton, under its influ
ence, us we learn from all sections.
workings with the Organic principles of the crop is shooting up and growing
its structure, before there can possibly j finely. Lnder the foregoing con&ider-
be a return ol tbe days of peace, har
mony, prosperity and happiness, which
formerly marked our course. There
is no hope for constitutional liberty on
this continent. Judge Nicholas may
*dream dreams’ about another constt-
ations tbe crop of this year may he
estimated as follows: Number of acres
under coiton, 6,540,000 ; at 210 pounds
per acre 420 pounds per bale, 3,270,-
000 hales; iess injury to crop from
cold, at 10 per cent., 327,000 hales;
lutional amendment, providing a new j probable crop of 1S69,2,943,000 bales,
mode of electing the President, but
the remedy lies in no such device as
that. It lies simply in bringing back
the government in its administration to
original first principles. I his is to be
done not by secession, however right
ful and efficient a remedy that may
be. That is abandoned. Nor is it to
be done by force, or violence of any
kind, except the force of reason 'and
the power of truth. It is to he done,
if at all, at the ballot-box. Free in
stitutions are more generally lost than
established, or strengthened by a re
sort to physical force. They are em
inently the achievement of virtue, pat
riotism and reason. 1 hat our institu
tions, and even nominal form of gov
ernment is uo,w in great danger, the
prudent, sagacious and wise every
where virtually adroit. An able ed
itorial iu your own paper, not long
since, put die pertinent, and grgye
question,, ‘Whither are jre drifting?*
To this question l take the occasion for
provided no other casualties occur to
further reduce the yield,
COTTON.
The last year’s crop was 2,430,893
hales, worth §250,000,000. Three
acres average a hale. In this ratio this
crop was raised on 7,000,000 actes,
worth §72.000,000, hut before the-war
worth §300,000,000-
The ten cotton States—the Carolinas,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississip
pi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and
Tennessee, embrace 426,365,440 acres.
Parts of Virginia, Kentucky and Mis
souri raise cotton. Say that 250,000,-
000 acres can be used to raise coiton.
This could produce 85,000,000 bales,
worth 89,000,000,000, twice the pub
lic debt. Last year’s yield therefore
was one thirty-sixth, of our grand cot
ton capacity.
Six bales to the hand-is a fair aver
age. This rule would give 405,148
laborers for last year. Allowing one-
nett county, tp encourage mein to
wiake siryilar efforts. .
Our Gwinnett planter lias a piece of
old exhausted land, twenty acres of
which had been lying in broom sage
fora number of years. This he broke
deep with a turn plow in the Summer
and in the succeeding Fall put down
in wheat. The crop carefully meas
ured, was a little less than four bushels
to the acre.
As soon as the wheat was cut he
sowed peas at the rate of two bushels
to the acre. Early in October the peas
were turned under with a deep furrow
and a few weeks later wheat was sown
and carefully harrowed in upon the
pea sod. The yield from the crop
was nine bushels to the acre, a little
more than double the first year’s crop.
The field was again sown in peas
as soon as the wheal was harvested
and turned under as before ip the Fall,
and wheat sown upon the soil. The
yield this year was seveteen and a
half bushels.
The fourth year, with the same
treatment, he made twenty-seven
bushels, and. this (the fifth) year the
crop bids fair to make forty bushels.
Nothing has been applied to the land
as a fertilizer except the pea, and we
find that’in five years, with the cow
pea alone, the production has been in
creased tenfold. This actual experi
ment-speaks more for the pea than
anv argument which we could make.
We trust some of our planting
friends will be induced to try the pea
on the next crop of wheat, and let us
know the result ol their experiment.
Exchange.
Live HouseTn a Ultilij’s Stomach.
A very interesting and singular case
of a live mouse having obtained lodg-
rppijt in the stomach of a little child,
from which if was thrown up alive,
was brought to lightyesterday morning
in Third District.
The facts of the case, which are ful
ly substantiated in every particular,
are these: A little girl about three
years old, named Emily Walbauer,
whose parants reside al the corner of
Spain and Greatmen streets, Third
District, had heed complaining for
about a week of trouble and pain in.
the region of the stomach, at limes
being quite sick and nauseated and at
otliers exhibiting a most uncontrollable
appetite,* 4
The parents becoming alarmed at
the unaccountable indisposition of the
p}j|ld, and tbe singular way in which
she was affected, began to give' medi
cine such as js usually given when
[From the Charleston Courier.]
Our Washington Curresp uidence.
What I have heretofore said in re-
sard to the new Radical agitation of
the Alabama claims, and the Radical
desire for war with England, has be
come true. It has been decided to
make ernmity toward England a par
ty question if necesary during the fall
elections. By it the} hope to restore
their waning prestige, and with the aid
and assistance of ihe hundreds of thou
sands of Irish in the land, carry a vic
tory upon a platform which cannot but
add more ruin and misery to an over
burdened country. The conspiracy
has been agreed upon, and llje dogs
of the warlike Forney, Butler & Co.,
have been ordered to bark against
England so as to attract attention, and
then to slowly unfold their programme
in time before the meeting of the vari
ous State Conventions. All will work
well’as the mighty Fenian host will
throw its influence with those who per
fasaut nefas determine to make war up
on England.
Bear in mind that the scoundrels
who thus wish to add untold thousands
to our public debt and sacrifice more
blood, are not going into this business
out of a sense of justice. They do not
go into it on the strength of the merits
of the difficulties between the United
States and Great Britain, but sim-
ply—
1st. Because they want another par
ty triumph in October and Nov. next.
2d. Because they want more con
tracts, more plunder.
When it is now considered that there
are some reckless revolutionists encour
aged by previous such efforts will do
their very best to plunge their country
into war, that a people suffering: from
Jiflutljmt llfcurkr.
stitutiou under consideration makes none.
Then whence is is right to hold office
derived ?” It is well knoivn that Con
gress had to pass a special act to give the
negroes of Washington City a right to
hold office, though they had been given
the rights and immunities of citizens long
before that time.
Again, the Constitution of the State is
silent as regards the powers of the legisla*
ture by granting to that body the power to
judge cf the election, returns, and qualifi
cations of of its members. Let us suppose
that an intelligent white woman had been
elected from one of tbe counties of tbe
State ; where under tbe Constitution is
she ineligible ? for she is entitled to all the
rights and immunities ns a citizen ; nor
does the word male appear in the instru
ment. As Congress has npheaved and
thrust its unconstitutional hand into the
7 , _ _ T m social and internal policy of a certain num-
ln the Supreme Lourl of Ora , June lerm, Go- , r o. . . .
T . , .. „ . „ I ber of btates, who can say that a woman
I.L E E :
Tuesday, June 23, 1869.
Chancely vs. Bailey & Cleveland.
The C. R. R. & Banking Co. vs. John
E. Ward Sc Geo. L. Owens.
In the 371li volume of Georgia Reports,
p. 543, which has just issued f:om tbe
press, we find the dissentient opinion of
Judge Iverson L. Harris, then of tbe
Supreme Bench in which the great ques
tion of the soitiitgnfy of the States before
the formation of the Federal Constitution
and since—what is public war—what is
insurrection—what is civil war—what con
stitutes a Goverment, de facto, or an ac
knowledged belligerent power, and the
consequences of such recognition—the
right of a belligerent to confiscate en
emies property—tbe doctrine of the jus
postliminy, &c., are discussed as concise-
ly as they could be, so as to admit of
the line of his argument, to be compre
hended without burthening it with all the
illustrations and quotations of authorities
which the subjects would have admitted.
More important questions were never at
anytime, in any country, before any Court,
ever considered and passed upon; they
are of great momeut now to every South
ern man—indeed, to every American citi
zen ; they must continue to be felt and
applied through all time whilst Govern
ments or States eiist.
Impressed with the transcendeut mag-
nitude of the questions discussed, we have
illy regulated national finance, are to | thought that this dissentient opiuiou of
be blindly crushed further to the ground,
that Jacobins, none hut men of the
very worst passions are slowly hut
steadily gaining influence and power,
not only over the people, but over the
moderately disposed men of the Grant
Administration, does there not exist
reason to tremble for the future ? Can
we wonder that men like Alex. H.
Stephens fear to look the future in the
face, and commence to notice on the
political horizon, signs which point to
an ultimate despotism, or empire if
you please? It is of no use denying
it, that unless the class of men like But
ler, Kelly, Forney, and a half a dozen
JudgeH. should not be permitted to slumber
iu law libraries, but should be spread before
the whole people in the newspapers, that
they might be induced to recur to funda
mental principles.
Tbo only hope for tbe future of the
Uuited.States is, that the American peo
ple will endeavor to learn tbe structure of
their Federal Government aud confine it to
its delegated powers.
The Eligibility of ihe Negro to Office.
On tbe 15th lust., the Supreme Court of
Georgia decided that tbe negro was eligi
ble to office in the State. The following
I is not eligible to office. It does not quali
ty the power by saying, where there is a
contested election, or as to sex, to age,
residence, religion, morals or politics.—
"iet no one doubts that a woman is ineli
gible to office ; for if Judge Brown is right
| in bis interpretation of tbo Code, wherein
be says ; “I think it very clear that the
Code of Georgia, upon which I base this
opinion, which is binding upou all her in
habitants while of force, confers upou all
her citizens tbe right to hold office wo
man also by that logic, unless the Code
has been specific in sayiDg all male citi
zens regardless of color or former condi
tion. There are provisions in the Consti
tution stating who shall aud shall not be
eligible to office, and by fair inference the
legislature caunot go beyond or back of
those qualifications iu deciding the eligi
bility of members, yet not a word as to the
sex of members.
We can with consistency, take tbe
ground of Judge Warner, that tbe “negro
is a new political creature in the body pol
itic and as Congress had by special legis
lation to give him the power to bold office
in Washington City, so the Constitution
of tbe State has to be specific as to his el
igibility as an office holder, as much so,
as if it had been the intention to give to
woman the same power. It is true our ar
gument may be met upon the ground of
implication, but on such a vital question,
tne Constitution should be too plain to
need such a resort.
If the legislature is satisfied that under
the ruling of the Supreme Court that the
negro is eligible to office, there is but one
course to pursue, and that is to admit the
expelled members to their seats. Tbe Su
preme Court is tbe highest judicial tribu
nal of our State, and no matter what may
be thought of the integrity, honor or qual
ifications of its members, it ipso jure must
others—men who live and grow fat j condeused statement covers the ground of be rt, S arde ° aud respected ; for outside of
.... i : i i r .l_ I ..... ° . obedieuce to law as nrououuced. there is
upon agitation are banished Irom the j argument made by tbe different Judges :
land, or otherwise disposed of, there
will be no peace in ibis country, and
nothing but chaos and misery in the
future. A pound of prevention now
would be the vqry best of cure.
How to Revive Drowned Persons.—
As the bathing season has now begun
and accidents by drowning are likely
to sometimes happen, we reprint from
a high scientific authority the following
directions for the resucitation of persons
rescued from drowning before life is
wholly extinct. They may possibly
prove useful in saving valuable lives,
and should be preserved or remember
ed.
1. Lay the drowned man at once
flat on his stomach, with his lace to
ground, and a folded coat or bundle
under his chest.
2 Place your hands flat between
his shoulder blades and make a firm
pressure, so as to squeeze the air out
of his chest; then turn the body slow
ly on to one side and a little beyond.
Replace him quickly or. his face.
Count four, to mark four seconds ol
time, and then repeat the process,
commencing by squeezing'the air out
of the chest again.
3. Wet clothes should be removed
and dry ones substituted, each by-
stand et contributing. The body to be
rubbed dry briskly, and the face kept
from contact with the ground by an as
sistant,
4. Do not squeeze the air out cf
the patient’s chest if he is breathing ;
but wait and watch merely drying the
body and changing the clothing.
worms are suspected.
Intelligence received here from Cu
ban sources of the fight between the
Revolutionary forces and Spanish
troops near Puerto Del Padre. Cuban
troops, numbering about two thousand,
were attacked in their entrenchments
by Spaniards nearly double that num
ber, and were twice repulsed ; loss ol
the Cubans less than one hundred
killed and wounded ; that of the at
tacking party three times greater.—
The Spaniards retreated, leaving a
number of killed and wounded on the
field. The result of this battle has had
a most encouraging effect upon the
Cuban artny, which is reported gaining
strength every day from the very best
portion of the people of the Island.
The want of harmony between the
officers in command of. the Govern
ment troops in the field and life volun
teers, who have taken possession of
the Government of the Island, is ex
hibiting itself in the demoralization of
the Spanish troops and the large num
ber of recruits to the Cuban army.—
This condition of things has given a
new impulse and strength to the cause,
and the leaders have no douln of ul
timate success.
A number of recruits, mostly 7 from
Virginia, left hete (Washington) yes
terday and to-day to join a force which
are rendezvousing on the Southern
coast preparatory to joining the Cuban
artny.
A movement has been set on foot for a
reduction of postage on letters to one cent
each.
Judge McCay held, the State was with
out civil government before tbe Conven
tion that made the present Constitution ;
that blacks and whites participated in get
ting up the Convention and framing the
Constitution ; and it was against its spir
it to exclude black or white from privileg
es, uuless expressly prohibited.
Judge Brown claimed that the 14th
Amendment lorbids anybody being de
prived of privileges, and, as tbe Code
gives citizens the light to hold office and
the Constitution makes him a citizen, and
does not forbid him to hold office he did
not intend to break that 14tb Amendment
aud deprive tbe negro of his rights.
Judge Warner held that the negro was
a new political creature in the body poli
tic ; that he must hold office by special
enactment; that the Code which defined
tho power of citizens, was enacted before
the negro became a citzeu, aud, therefore,
did not apply to him ; that he did not have
the right to hold office under the common
law, uot by statute since he was made a
citizen, but the Convention voted down
the proposition to make him eligible to
office, and that until he was especially au
thorized to hold office he was ineligible.
As it is expected that tbe press will
Bpeak out and give its opinion, aud per
haps advise as to what should be the ac
tion of the people of the State, and espec
ially the legislature, we approach the sub
ject with some diffidence when we take iu-
to consideration our peculiar and anoma
lous condition as a State, and our relation
ship at this time to the Federal Govern
ment.
Policy stands forth as large as life, and
with its winning smile,invites the man who
wears upou his shoulders tl;e cloak of prin
ciple, to throw it off and woo tbe powers
that be. While principle on tbe other
band, says : stand firm and make an issue
regardless of consequences, awaiting for
time to be your vindicator j whilst our
present Constitution, begotten by bayonets
and brought forth in ignorance, says ; do
not ignore me altogether, for I am at this
time supreme law of tbe land, no matter
how begotten, or who gave me birth.
With all the lights before us, should we
consult policy, aud taking a broad view of
the Constitution, with the Code of the
State subordinate thereto, but vitalized
as to its provisions, we would say : reseat
tbe negroes, aud make no issue with the
Supreme Court, or tbe Federal Govern
ment ; for tbe latter recognizes no law or
constitutional obligations that stands in
Its way as regards tbe rights, honor or
feelings of the States late engaged iu war
with the Federal Government.
Principle on the other baud, presents
several arguments that are strong aud
poiuted.aud says to tbe legislature, stand
by your decision in the expulsion of the
negro members, relying upou the Consti
tution as your defehce, that right to vote
does not carry with it the right to bold of
fice so far as the negro is concerned, aud
that be can have “no political rights.” as
Judge Brown declared in bis speech at
Marietta in advocating tbe adoption of tbe
present Constitution, “except such as are
granted to him, and that Congress
has made no such grant, and that the Con-
ieuce to law as prououuced,
anarchy and revolution.
Therefore, taking a calm, dispassionate
view of the whole question, with all of its
surroundings, viz :—The Constitution and
tbe parties to its formation ; tbe doubt
that has been thrown around tbe rights of
citizens ; our present status iu tbe Union ;
and tbe decision of tbe Supreme Court and
tbe implied acquiescence by tbe legisla
ture in that decision, we would at this
writing, reseat the negroes. Should we,
however, take council of our nature ; tbe
outrages that we feel has been perpetrated
upon us by Congress ; we would resist the
whole thing, aud with a heart firm and
strong, we would await future develop
ments without regard to consequences.
“For thrice is he armed who has his quarrel just,
And be but naked, though locked up in steel,
Whose heart with injustice 13 corrupted.”
Since the above was written, we see an
able article in the Chronicle & Sentinel
denying that the decision of the Supreme
Court affects the present legislature, and
that the negroes expelled cannot take
their seats.
It says : If any support were needed
for the views herein stated, we. furnish it
in the following extract from a private let
ter just received from one of tbe greatest
intellects of tbe age—a statesman in tbe
true acceptance of tbe term—one of Geor
gia’s most cherished and honored sons.—
He says : “Don’t let our people get into
the idea that the Supreme Court decis
ion recently made will have tbe effect to
restore tbe negroes held by the legislature
to be ineligible to their seats. It can have
no such effect—that question has been de
cided by the only Court having jurisdic
tion of it, and their decision is final in tbe
premises. They could uot reverse it even
if they were now satisfied it was wrong,
no more than the Supreme Court could take
up any case decided at its last term, and
reverse its judgment. All they could do,
would be to decide differently in tbe next
like case that might arise. This decision
is based upou the code exclusively. That
part of the code may be repealed by law.”
If tbe above is correct as to law and
rulings, tbe question is already settled.and
the negroes cannot be reseated even if
the legislature was willing to review their
own actiou and implied obligations. But
if the question is an open one, then we
hold to our advice.
Alex. H. Stephens, of Georgi^jT
lisbes a letter in one of the Washington
papers in reply to some criticisms on hi.
history of the rebellion. He takes a v erv
gloomy view of the situation, and argues
that we are drifting into consolidation 0 *^
empire. Nothing, be says, cau prevent
the final establishment of imperialism but
a determined effort on tbe part of the peo
pie to preserve free institutions. The rem
edy, be says, is not in secession That
was tried and found insufficient; it must
be at tbe ballot-box. He calls upon the
people of the several States to seriously
consider whether they will maintain free
institutions or accept imperialism.
We take the above from the Savannah
Advertiser of tbe 13th inst., and extract
as connected therewith, a few of tbe Nevy
York Herald's ideas upou tbe same letter
of Mr. Stephens. Its issue of the 11th de
votes more than half a column in pure rid
icule of the argument as well as the ad
vice which Mr. Stephens used in his letter
to forestall the foreshadowing of Imperil
alism over Republican, State’s Right, pop
ular sovereignty in the United States.
I he Herald says, “the man is merely mum
bhng in his sleep who talks at this day oj
(he Constitutional Union of our fathers. Ix
WENT DOWN IN THE DELUGE WITH Africa*
Slavery.” Good God, what an acknowl
edgment ! What an unblushing confessiou
to premeditated treason ! Again, the Her
ald vaunts in this style : “Mr. Stephens,
a regular Southern sleep walker, tells u*
that we must go back to the good old Jef
fersonian doetrine of State Rights, “before
there can be a return to the days of peace,
harmony, prosperity and happiness, which
formerly marked our course;” to which
sage and patriotic admonition, as volun
teered by Mr. Stephens, the Herald sim
ply remarks, “this is sheer nonsense”! Well,
Bennett must be at his old occupation
again; be is in tbe market, and we doubt
uot the Imperialists, tbe bondholders, the
men of capital, can buy him whenever
they bid bis price. He has got now more
pelf than bis superanuated bones can com.
fortably walk under, and he would iu all
probability, like a centralized, consolidat
ed government built up at once, of aristo
crats, fawning sj^opbants and a standing
army, to keep what be has and to classify
his status among tbe order of grooms, ush
ers, &c. . Indeed, a mere straw as be is
and ever bas been, he has nevertheless
managed by bis flexible and pliant sinews
(Le has but a mediocre mind aud no con
scientiousness whatever) to keep bis head
always turned up stream aud his tail dang
ling beautifully with the rapidly-rolling,
onward ^current. Where Bennett hovers «
there are rich pickings !
BURKE’S WEEKLY.
The publishers of this capital Juvenile
paper, Burke's Weekly, for boys and girls,
anuounce that they will begin, in their
third volume, on the first of July, the pub
lication of a thrilling story, called “Tbe
Adventures of Big-Foot Wallace, tbe Tex
as Ranger,” by tbe author of Jack Dobell,
or a Boy’s Adveutures in Texas.
We take pleasure in noticiug a paper
for children so well gotten up, aud so in
teresting and instructive withal. It is em
inently a Southern paper, and its teach
ings aud stories are of Southern manners,
customs, ideas, and traditions.
The publishers have issued a new pre
mium list, which, with specimen numbers,
will be sent on application. Terms $2 a
year : three copies S4 50. Addres J. W
Burke & Co., Macon, Ga.
Fir One negro was killed and another
wounded in Sparta, Ga., on Tuesday last,
I5th inst., in a fight with two young white
men. It is thought, bowever, that the ne
gro killed was shot accidentally by anoth
er negro who was shooting at tbe young
men and standing behind tbe negro killed.
It is to be regretted that there was a dit£-
culty at all.
tdFGov. Bollock bas appointed Hon.
Jas. Johnson, ex-Prov. Governor of Geor
gia and late Custom House officer at Sa
vannah, Judge of the Chattahoochee Cir
cuit, vice Judge Worrill removed.
We clip from tbe Atlauta Constitution,
tbe following sent that paper from Athens
relative to the acre crops of wheat by tbe
Wheat Club of that city. A very good
yield for one acre :
Dr. J. S. Hamilton, forty-six five-sixti
eth bushels.
Jno. W. Nicholson, thirty nine forty*
sixtieth bushels.
Col. D. C. Barrow, thirty-nine five-
sixtieth bushels.
Mr. E. Bancroft, thirty five four sixtieth
bushels.
All of tbe crops more or less worsted,
the latter cut short one (bird.
A Michigan farmer, on a visit to Detroit,
bad a Dresentment that something wrong
was happening at home, and travelled
back on foot, just in time to catch bis hiied
man getting in at tbe chamber window
with a big knife.
During the nine months ending May
31, 1809, the average daily receipts of tfce
Atlautic cable, at a tariff of d.3 7s. 5d. for
teu words, were <£653 against .£635 tbe
The Leqislatue.-Gov. Bullock will. di niue moathl HD der a tariff of
we learn, call tbe Legislature together on r °
tbe 7th of Jnly. By that time tbe im
poachers will be ready to prefer charges
against them
_ | £5. 5s.
The steeple of Cbrist Church, Philadel
phia, completed iu 1775, is said to be tbe
So says the Atlanta Constitution. It mogt durable and substantial in tbe city-
seems, bowever, that our cotemporary Tfae 0 f bells hanging iu it was tbe
bints that tbe question of impeachment firgt i mp0 rted int(*the United States
will come up before tbe Legislature, based ^ Unioa p ac ; fic Kai . road takes
doubtless, we suppose, upon certain finan- ^ 0maha f<j p rotnintory Point,
cial operations of the Executive, and per- 10()0 mJle8> iu 8 ; xty hours. Tbe f» rfl
haps other charges for aught we know.
Some Cabbage.—The Thomasville En-
terprize bas received from Mrs. R.H. Har
daway of that city, a mammoth Marble-
bead Cabbage, that weighed eighteen
pounds net. Will our cotemporary tell us
wbat be means by net 1 The head above,
or tbe stalk with roots attacked, but no
dirt?
across tbe continent is 8165.
Patriotic ladies of Havanna, have sen.
$20,000 worth of rich and costly jewelry
to New York, to be disposed of next men*
at a fair, for the benefit of Cuban iudep tu
deuce.
Three thousand duels were fought i“
the German universities, last year, most o
them very harmless affairs.