Newspaper Page Text
anna—
aLo table clmii? etnlwssed with signs j the whole power of the Slate being
»f great beauty. This felted paper ] wiehied, as in the case of'the last men
tioned road, in the interest of advcn-
tuiers and slanderers of our people,
and in favor of one private enterprise
o water, is like-| against another ! As if this were not
may in the end have a serious influence
on the production of the woven iahrics
it is intended to displace. Imitation
leather, impermeable l
vise made ,.f it, and produces a cheap j enough the military forces ofthe United
and useiui covering tor furniture, mid ( Stales have been sent down to clutch
even serves
Jleperfer.
lor
sIjo^sTL-Paper Trade us by the throat, while the carpel-hag-
these acts, to < ndorse
some of these roads to
the bauds of | since I leave been a citizen thereof ; that
the extent of 1 have voluntarily given no aid, coun
eight thousand dollars per mile, and of i tcnance, couBsel or encouragement to
others to the extent ol ten, and twelve, j persons engaged in armed hostility
and fifteen thousand dollars pet mile. : thereto; that 1 have neither sought
To the Brunswick and Albany road nor accepted, nor aitempted to exer-
controlleii and managed by Avery and cise the functions of anv office whaiev-
Conant, of New York, the State has i er, under any authority, or pretended
20r and scallawag r
rifle
our pockets
. A third reason while tlie Legisla-
T^otes cn the Railway Situation. Ulie j„ j ts j )urc . r an ,j better days refus-
No 5. ed il? assent to the policy under con-
EJitor* Telegraph ^ MessengerFor j sideratiun, was founded upon the ine-
pi ecedi.cg the late war the j quality and injustice of the policy itself,
nl efforts were made, as 11* the .Stale snould lend its assistance
v i a5l at tide, to em-! 1° om; section, even-handed justice
hark the State of Georgia in a general | would requite, if the policy was a
system of granting aid to railroad- en ! sound one, that it should do the same
lerprises. ^Tlie advocates of this new ! [or every other section might ask lor it.
The fact that one section was mouti-
the ilei ad
most persist
was shewn in
policy actuated bv a common purpose
and looking to the same end, combined j tainotis and poor, and that another sec-
their forces as occasion requited, the ; l'<»n presented an even surface and
abounded in wealth aud population,
could make no difference; as other
wise the leveling dogmas of the agrari
an ami socialist would be admitted and
justified. Enterprises which would
benefit the whole people would, of
course, stand upon a different fooling.
It may be, moreover, that the Legis
lator.! believed would lie Iwtler for
the Slate to undertake the whole bust
ness of providing works ol internal im
provement, as it provides forthetrans
porlalion and delivery of the mads, or
low n ii was the custom with each j to leave it entirely to individuals, with
the reservations herein before set forth.
Wl icre the Slate should lend its aid to
build rival and competing lines, it
might well have apprehended that col
lisions, litigation, public demoralization
and personal corruption would be the
certain results. Nor could it have et-
capcd the attention of the Legislature,
that where a government once enters
upon the policy here condemed, its in-
erttei prise anil then to an- | evitable effect must he to discourage
when these had failed an j private enterprise, and to blunt the en-
a!tempt would he made to push thro’ j orgies and deaden the industry of the
:m omnibus or general State aid bill ; people ; whereas, it is the part of wise
nnd when this, too, had been rejected, j statesmanship to foster the one, and
applications in behalf of particular en
ter mises would be again presented.
All such applications, however, from
whatever quarter brought forward, ex
cept it! the case of the Stale and the
Atlantic and Gulf roads, met with the
a:
friends of each particular enterprise
agreeing to support till other applica
tions, on condition that they were as
sisted in return. This soil of tactics
is known in parliamentary parlance as
“log rolling”—a term well understood
1 >v the ! ardv pioneers who felled our
forest.- ami opened up the land to cul
tivation. In tiiosc early days, when
people weip poor and the population
sparse, and when hardly any one inili
vniual possessed force enough to clear
hi; land of the irees after limy had been
cut i
owner of ih
to “jitll ih
thev would aid hint to roll /its. This
convenient ai tangPtneiil, though very
good m agricultural operations, our
Legislature refused to adopt as a prin
ciple of id ion in its official proceedings
Every < flbrt was made to move the
Legislature from this wise resolve.—
Applications were presented for aid,
hi<i to one
mlu i. ami
d to assist his neighbors
tgs,” on condition that
agreed to lend its aid
fifteen thousand dollars in gold per
mile !—more than it will cost to build,
the road. These roads, when finished
will be about six hundred miles in
length, and the Slate has pledged it
self, through the Legislature, to en
dorse their bonds tor a total sum of
nearly seven millions of dollars ! The
Macon and Augusta road, it is under
stood, has not availed itself of the act
passed for its benefit. The act for the
benefit of the Macon and Brunswick
road was passed by the Legislature of
1S66. We have here, with these
limitations, the work of one Legisla
ture, whose term of office has not yet
expired. What it will not do, if Con
gress should unfortunately prolong the
term of its members, it is impossible to
foresee. We may he sure it will do all
it can to bankrupt the State, and to
destroy the admirable railway saylem
adopted by wiser and better men and
built up by their private means.
What do the tax-paying people of
Georgia say to the exhibit here made ?
And this may be only the beginning of
the end. Are t hey disposed to make
war upon the old railway lines of the
Slate ? Are they ready to make them
selves and their posterity tiewers of
wood and drawers of water for others ?
Will they sit idly by and suffer a Leg
islature made tip of ignorant negroes,
aud thriftless adventurers, and inexpe
rienced aud weak-kneed Democrats to
saddle u-bon them a debt which it mat
require fi'ty years of grinding taxation
to pay ?
It is no answer to say that the State
cannot lose by its endorsement of the
vitalizize and. encourage tlie other.
But the injustice of .the policy of
(State aid was doubtless well under-
; stood hv the advocates of the policy
; themselves, The Central, the Macon
land Western, the Georgia, the Atlanta
1 and West Point, the Southwestern, the
n. Legislature refused to appropri- (Muscogee, the Augusta and Savannah
i iie money of the people, or to lend j Loads were all built by private capital.
' t to the parties solicit- They were undertaken and carried
several sufficient tea- 1 through in the face of obstacles appa-
jreo of which may be 1 rently insurmountable, and at a time
when railways were in their infancy,
illsas!roiis fate
is!aiore re
satin
Tt
at*
their endorsement to the parties solicit
ing the same.
Sons, two or
mentioned heir
i. Il was no; believed
to
be sound (and when their projectors had to con-
political economy fi»r governments to
embark in enterprises of 'his character.
! tend, not only with a lack of means,
but with lack of faith elso. Many of
lent statesmen, as we
class o
)l\U-
,«Ml> s
lb** f
established tenet of faith | these early architects of our railway
vsietn sank under the heavy burden
Northern they had undertaken to carry; but their
successors, dismayed neither by flood
nor fire, nor pestilence, took up the
work where their predecessors hail
been forced hv dealli to lay it down,
and pushed it on to final completion.
For many y'ears after these roads
it ticen rmisticil, it icquirril nil llipir
j! was a v.
among Soi,
among the better
?! ate.- men, that governments should not
engage in winks of internal improve
ment, except under extraordinary cir
cumstances : but i hat enterprises of the
kind h. re alluded to, should lie left to
private capital and local effort. Gov-j
\\y tlcs’\guo<\ t«> rogu- \ \
i\t
f-ign irinimns of their peo- 'earnings as well as the greatest econo
-to decide upon peace and
’ • - - -
wat— my on the part of their several directo-
io insure the impattial administration 1 tics, to discharge their heavy indebt-
justieo, to provide postal facilities, (edness and keep the roads in running
nml :o regulate
and the coina<;
like duties:, f is left to private enter
prise to clear the forests, build up cities,
create manufactories establish lines ol
ships, and open up avenues for the ebb
and flow of commerce. This is the
practice in all free countries where the
public vice is allowed to he heard. It
is only where the government is auto
crat, as in France and Russia that, a
different rule obtains.
2. The Legislature foresaw that a
departure bom the general policy here
taxation am
e of
com me roe
order. One of the roads mentioned
money, and other! above was sold out at only a tithe of
its original cost; while the stock of
others, even alter their completion,
commanded in the market only one-
fourth of what it had cost the stock
holders.
The legislature was not unmindful
of the facts here stated ; and hence it
steadily refused to sanction the policy
so persistently forced up'm its atten
tion. It believed it would be gross in
justice and bad faith for the State to
liter the lists against the private com-
indicated, would cf rtainly involve a i panics which had done so much for the
lie,ivy sacrifice on the part of the Lax . people, by lending its aid to build up
pavers, both in means and morals.— j rival and competing lines. Such n
Experience had already shown that in- j course on the part of the State towards
tm tin 1 improvements, when undertaken a portion of its own people—a people,
too, who deserved so well of it—would
he, in the opinion of the Legislature,
not simply unjust, hut disgtaCeful and
criminal, and would eventually check
as occurred may be only j i,1 ( private enterprise, and destroy the
faith of the people in the integrity and
justice of their own government
The men of the last generation were
strong enough to resist successfully
every effort, whether made by our own
our politics.— j people or *»y foreign speculators to cn-
‘ 1 fist the State in the disreputable work
if making war upon one interest or
bv the public authorities, cost far more
than when undertaken by individuals,
and that ti ry were a fruitful source of
corruption, vexation and disturbance.
And what tit
a fun taste of the biller cup the people
of Georgia will yet be forced to drain.
Even under the least patiizHii adminis
tration of our Stale Government, the
"Western nnd Atlantic lioad was ever a
disturbing' element in
While that gteal work has rendered
important aid in developing the re
source
has placed us in
with the teemiu
Northwestern Gcorjfci, and jcommunity for the benefit of a rival in-
easy communication lerest or community. But the times
g West, it may well he j l |ave changed, and men have changed
doubted whether it would not have i whh them. The policy resisted with
been ns well in the end to have left its j so much firmness by our fathers, now
construction to private enterprise. It J bids fair to become the accepted poli-
i? not b* ii veil that it lias paid in good j cy of the Slate. A servile population
money seven per cent upon iis cost, in- l |as been set free anil clothed with the
ciu bug its oiiginal construction and elective franchise. The wisdom, vir
tue am) experience of the Slate have
been exiled from our public counsels,
and a horde of hungry adventurers
moving down upon us from the North,
has usurped their places. What is to
tie the result of this change and of this
invasion, it does not require the gift of
In the meantime, | pmpbecy to foretell. Meanwhile let
as a means to corrupt j 115 glance at the work which the pres-
tln people, debauch our politics, anti j (, iit Legislature has already nccotn-
itfstiiv the Government of the State!
Even in the case ofthe Atlantic anil
equipment, and its subsequent repairs.
Jt cannot lie claimed, therefore, that it
affords any real relief to tax-payers,
since the contributions which it makes
to the Slate Treasury are required to
pay the legal rate of interest on the
money which they had already advanc
ed to build the rout
it ha.- been usn
plislied.
We need not stop to remark upon
Guif road, which has been managed I the composition of the Legislature, or
with sciupnlous integrity by a private j upon the circumstances attending the
company, we find that the subscription ! election of its members, or upon ike
by. lire Siato 'o that great work lias in- j support which il has received from the
voiced it i i litigation with its own cili- military arm of the Federal Govern-
zeus, and has made it necessary, in the : ment. Il wields the power ofthe
opinion of the Governor, fbr ii m enter ; Siate-bf Georgia, aud ns such, it has
the fists ;is tiie parlizan and champion j passed laws binding the Staleloguar-
ot particular interests, controlled in part j autec the payment of the bonds that
if not in whole, by non-residents, have been or may hereafter be issued
against other interests owned and con- j for the construction of the following
trolled entirely l»v its own people ! No j railroad, to wit : The Macon and Au-
re fleet ion is meant to be cast upon the j gusta road ; the Georgia Air Line road;
management of the road just named, the South Georgia and Florida road ;
The allusion is made for pur (roses of the Alabama aud Chattanooga road ;
illustration only. The aid granted to
the Macon and Brunswick and to the
Brunswick nnd Albany roads has in
volved the State still more deeply in
litigation, as ueil as In yet greater
wrong .to its own citizens. So that we
now witness the strange spectacle of
the Brunswick and Albany road ; the
Caiersvilie aud Van Wert road ; and
the Dalton and Morgantown road.
The preceding Legislature bad past
ed an act to lend the credit of the
State to the Macon and Brunswick
toad. The State has bound itself bjj
to the extent of . authority, in hostility to the United
" ’’ * State's; that 1 have not yielded a vol
lintary support to any pretended gov
ernment, authority, power or constitu
tion, within the United Si ales, hostile
or inimical thereto. And I do further
swear (or affirm) that, to the best ot
my knowledge-and ability, 1 will sup
port and defend the Constitution of the
United States against all enemies for
eign and domestic; that l will hear
true faith and allegiance to the same ;
that I take this obligation freely, with
out anv mental reservation or purpose
of evasion ; and that I will well and
faithfully discharge the duties ot the
office on which 1 am about to enter.
So help me God.”
V. Applications must be in the
handwriting of the applicant, and
should contain the following informa
tion : 1st. Whether the applicant can
take the foregoing oath, or if not.
whether his disabilities have ticen re
moved by act of Congress 2d. His age
and place of bit tin 3d. His length of
residence in the Stale and i i the coun
ty applied for. 4th. Whatever busi
ness he heretofore engaged in and his
present occupation 6th. Such other
facts as may enable the Marshal .to
judge intelligently of the. applicant’s
fitness for the work required.
VI. The evidence required in par
agraph TV ot this circular must be fur
nished by the applicants, and filled
with their applications. A mere ref
erence in the application to other per
sous, unaccompanied by their written
endorsement, will not lie considered.
The labor of obtaining such endorse
ments must be borne by the parties in-
tFrom the Charleston Courier.]
our otassiarcso^ coass -
P0K2 nazes.
Washington. April 2.
There was a great demonstration
here last night ifaik, wet and dismal
as it was, in honor of the proclamation
ofthe Fifteenth Amendment, by -the \
colored citizens. They serenaded am
addressed the President and V ice- j
President, the heads of departments j
Senator Sumner, and others.' The j
President assured the multitude that
no event, since the close of the war,
had given him so much satisfaction as
this, in which he saw the realization of
the Declaration of Independence." He
had not felt a deep interest in the adop
tion of the amendment, but, said he,
“l have felt the greatest anxiety ever
since 1 have been in this House, to
know that that was to be secured.”
Senator Sumner, fbr the first lime
it is said, in his long public career,
condescended to appear ori this occa- j "p T ~ i
sion in response to a compliment. He ' ,. , ,
fitoutjjtrn JUcurkr.
of C
bonds of these railways, because it has j i crested, and cannot be assumed by
h mortgage upon the roads when com
pleted. This is hut a shallow view of
the subject. What would he thought
of the mau who would endorse the pa
per of every applicant who desired to
purchase property, provided, a mort
gage was given him on the property
thus purchased ? What would become
of the endorser in the event of the in
solvency of the purchaser, and the
deterioration, depreciation or destruc
tion ofthe property i What interest
have Conant and Avery in making the
Brunswick and Albany Road a good
road, or in keeping it up wheh finish
ed, provided they get the S 15,000 in
gold per mile for which the Legislature
has pledged the Stale to endorse its
bonds ?
The old railways were able to trans
act all the business of the people at a
time when otr crops were almost
twice as heavy as they are now, and
when our means of paying for freights
and- passage were much greater ; \*el
it is doubtful whether there is a road
in th« Stoic which, from ita beginning
until the present time, has paid its
stockholders seven per cent upon their
investment. If then, the present forc
ing process is kept up and railroads
are multiplied, while the business for
them is diminishing, pray tell us how
they are to he maintained, and how
the Marsha
VII. Applicants who have not al
ready complied with the requirements
of the last three paragraphs, will imme
diately file a new application contain
ing all the information so required. A
neglect to do this within a reasonable
period will be considered a withdraw
al of the original application.
VIII. Applications aud all letters re
lating to the census, addressed to the
Marshal, should be enclosed in long, or
official envelope, and written upon let
ter paper, to be folded in three equal
folds, parallel with the writing, and
endorsed on the outside across the up
per left-hand fold—1st. With the place
where written and the date, 2d. With
the name of the writer, given inverse-
Iv, and his official title, if any. 31.
With a brief of the contents of the
letter. [Bee form of endorsements up
on this circular.] For a sample appli
cation the following brief will be suffi
cient: ‘-Application for appointment
as Assistant Marshal to lake the cen-
IX. The Marshal cannot undertake
to personally answer till the letters re
ceived upon the subject of the census.
All applications, however, will be filed
and carefully considered, and appli
cants will be duly informed by letter
of the. final decision in their cases, fbr
which they should enclose in their ap
the State is to be protected against the
eventual payment of the bonds which j plications the necessary postage stamps,
it may endorse ? X. The Act of 1850 provides the
HISTORICUS.
Regulations in Regard to the Census.
Major Smyth, United States Mar
shal lor Georgio, has issued the follow
ing circular:
Office Unite® States Marshal, 1
District of Georgia, >
Atlanta, Ga., March 30, 1870. )
The following circularr is published
in answer to numerous letters receiv
ed by the Marshal, relative to the
Ninth Census, and lor the information
and guidance of all applicants for ap
pointment as Assistant Marshal in ta
king the census:
I. The two disttiets of the State of
Georgia will he divided, for the purpo
ses required in the act of May 23, 1850
into subdivisions coincident with the
counties now existing in the State, ex
cepting i i such counties where the
number of inhabitants may render a
following rates and manner of payment
viz:
“Sec 12. Each assistant shall be
allowed as compensation for his servi
ces idler the rate of two cents for each
person enumerated, and ten cents a
mile for necessary travel, to be ascer
tained by multiplying the square root
of the number of dwelling liouses in
the division by the square root of the
number of square miles travelled fbr
all purposes in taking this census.
“See. 13 In addition to the com
pensation allowed for the enumeration
of the inhabitants, there shall be paid
for each establishment of productive
industry, fully taken arid returned, fif
teen cents; tor the social statistics,
two per cent, up m the amount allow
ed for the enumeration of population;
and for each name of a deceased per
son returned, two cents ; provided,
however, that in making returns of
smaller sub division necessary. ‘One ; ( :irms ;in< ^ establishments* of productive
Assistant Marshal will be appointed
for each sub-division,” who must he a
resident therein, as required by law.
II. The act requires the enumera
tion to commence upon the first, day of
June next, and no applicants will be
appointed assistants who cannot ar
range to commence promptly upon that
day.
Hi. Section 10 of the -act of 1850
makes it the duty of the Assistant
Marshal to personally visit each dwell
ing house and each family in his sub
division, and by his own inquiries, col
lect the information for returns on all
the schedules except that numbered
five in the law of 1859, and six iu the
series as printed lor the census of 1S60.
Subdivisions cannot, therefore, be
fanned oat in whole or part. The As
sistant Marshal must he the actual
enumerator, and cannot perform the
duly by deputy or proxy. No ap
pointment can be made of persons
incompetent to pet form the duties re
quired by law, with the expectation
that others, who are competent, may
perform their duties for them. The
Assistant Marshal is the only responsi
ble party, and must himself he fully
competent to meet his responsibilities
in every particular.
IV* Applicants for appointment
must furnish satisfactory evidence that
they are temperate, intelligent, nn.I ac
tive men, generally and favorably
kuotsnin the communities, and well
versed in letters and figures. They
musL be able, unless their disabilities
have been removed by act of Congress
to take the following oath, prescribed
by act of July 2, 1SG1, to wit.
“I, A. B., do solemnly swear (or
affirm) that I have never voluntarily
industry, the instructions given by the
Secretary ofthe Interior must be strict
ly observed, and no allowance shall he
made for any return r.ot authorized by’
such instructions, or for any returns
not limited to the year next preceding
the 1st June next.
“Bee. 21. Whenevera Marshal shall
certify that an assistant 1ms comple
ted to his satisfaction and made a re
turn of the sub division confided to
him, and shall also certify the amount
of compensation to which, under the
provisions ot this act, such assistant is
entitled, designating how much for
each kind of service, the Secretary ol
the Interior shall thereupon cause one-
half of the sum so due to be paid to
such assistant ; and when the returns
have been carefully examined for
classificatian, if found executed in a
manner satisfactory, then he shall also
cause the other half to be paid.”
XI. All communications to the Mar
shal relating to.tlie census will hereaf
ter be addressed to lmn at Savannah,
Georg a. W. H. SMYTH,
United States Marshal.
borne arm* against the Unified States
The total expenditures of the Gov
ernment for the present fiscal year that
is since the 1st of .Tulv, 1SG9, to March
24, 1870,were S22G,000,000. The re
ceipts from internal revenue to date
are nearly $ 1.22,000,000 from customs
313G,000,000 m gold, and from mis
cellaneous sources about 825,000,000.
At this rate the reduction of the publm
debi for the present fiscal year will ex
ceed $100,000,000.
Digestion.~ll is not the plenty of
meat that nourishes, but good digestion;
neither is it abundance of wealth that
makes us happy, but the discreet use
of it.
UoaJ, another iinpoatant line, ,„d „ nc th*
will e,n P , y t’ 1 ** '"'dies of Alabama into our
lap. The Brunswick and Albany R„ a d on
to Eufanla, a very important and desirable
one. Again, the South Georgia & Florida
from Albany to Thomaaville, but the ex
tension of a great artery trotu Macon to
Thomaaville. Again, the Macon 3c Bruns-
! wick Road, that will make the pine land 8
| through which it goes smile with life, ami
i throw into that section a population, and
develop the port of Brunswick, that is
claimed to be the best south of New York.
Again, the Macon aud Augusta Road, that
will act as a healthy check upou monopo
lies.
Not a Road mentioned above but what
will be built in time, and should be built,
! and will pay good dividends, for as Roads
| are built, population will come in, tho
RAILROADS—STATE AID. I State, will grow, advantages developed
We publish in another place an able j too inviting to be slighted, and a soil too
article from “Histories” to tho Macon prolific to lie idle. The population of
& Messenger, opposing the j Georgia to-day, is perhaps, a little over
- P liment - He | policy oflending the aid of IheSute in 600,000 »lnl.s
toltl the colored people that much was > of R , ilt0 , ds . ..HUtorictt,." ! tn.ntiorted
yet to be done to secure the promises of i , ,
• * I ... am ariviimnn
the Dcclnrntif'i- of Independence. H
stated that he had yet a Bill before the i
makes as able an argument on his side ol
the question as it will admit, and his rea-
construct the roads above
mentioned, and in less tbau ten years we
will have near one million. Then take in
to consideration the enhanced value of
MillLu utui lie nan \ri a um urtwic i i . . i , , , « . A » n » • *
Judiciary Committee to abolish the ! toning .01 .Id b» . clinch., if time h.d not, land .ud te.l estate of all ktuda; th.
word “while” iu all the Stale Coutsitu
lions aud laws. On account of this
word in the Constitution of Pennsylva
nia, a foreigner was refused naturali
zation in Philadelphia because he was
colored. It appeared, also from Mr.
Sumner’s remarks that he was bent on
securing another object fbr the special
benefit ofthe South, and that is to have
the black and while children taught
together in the same schools. The
discrimination must, he said, he abol
ished. So, here is another proclama
tion. and taken in connection with the
exploded his old ideas; fhe ideas of twen
ty or thirty years ago. What was then
building of factories See.
No fear that the State will loose a dime
considered wisdom .and prudeuce, is now | if legislators have a thimble full ol brains,
viewed as a timid, narrow and unsound ! The State simply lends its credit or namo
policy. A timid man with capital, will ! secured by a mortgage upon so much of a
not loose, for he will not have the courage I road built, and which it could sell for what
»„„„ > i it mi<dit be liable to pay out as endorser,
to invest in any enterprise umess lie can | e r j
. 1 .1 1 1 r i The State so far, requires some 40 miles
sec beyond the shadow of a shade oi douLt j 1 . . , . ,.
, , to be first built before it lends its credit,
that there is not the remotest cbauce ot
failure. He will grow rich slowly, by the j
natural progress of things and necessary j
development.
On the other hand, the uiau who is not
project for the establishment ofa com- afraid of a risk, who not only take advan-
pulsory system of education in all the j ta „ e of c ; reulD8 uuces, but create circum-
Slales by the power of Congress, it is I stauCfc8> j, the true maij of progress and
of some import.
The Senate, by the admission of
Gen. Ames, after a full discussion and
in opposition to the deliberate opinion
of the Judiciary Committee, has abol
ished that provision ofthe Constitution,
which requires that a Senator should
be an inhabitant of the State whence
he is elected.
That General Ames was an inhabi
tant or resident, in the sense of the
provision, no one pretends. The Rad
ical Senate declares that the carpet
bag and knapsack shall he the only re
quisite evidence of State "inhabitancy,
and senatorial eligibility. For cadet
ships residence is requisite, but not
senatorships.
The tariffdebate which has occupied
over two hundred pag°s in the Con
gress Globe so far, has now come to
specific items, beginning with the duty
on lea. The Bill provides for twenty
cents a pound on all teas, without de
nomination of quality. This will give
about seven millions revenue instead
of twelve, as at present. The Bill, as
a whole, is intended to reduce the rev
enue from customs l»y the so
twenty-three millions.
progressive ideas. What is true of an in
dividual, is also true of a nation, State, or
city.
We are for State aid to Railroads as a
correct principle of true political economy ;
and where the State requires and demands
such security as to place it beyond the
peradventure of losj, we bold that wise
legislation will give the aid asked. Let
us look at the naked question as it pre-*
Sants itself to a political economist.
Railroads are tho great commercial aims
of a State ; agriculture the body, and j
manufactures the legs, aud the cumulative
productions, the head and brains—the life.
Commerce is but an incentive to action
and to labor, for where there is no market
there is no production ; but give a people a
market or choice of markets, and all the
branches of industry are alive with energy
and no corporation is going into any
scheme and do that much work to loose it
willingly or intentioually.
As to hurting other Roads that have
| been built by private enterprise, that is
not here nor there, the franchises allowed
were a great inducement; nor were they
built from motives of disinterested patri
otism or love of the “dear people,’ but for
local and individual benefit. W© will not
in this article elaborate upon the policy of
griuding those that travel and send freight
upon certain roads, and holding out iu*
ducements to others who are independent
iu the choice of markets and routes by
giving them low freights Ac., and making
up the loss from those who have but a
“Hobson’s choice”—through freights for
nothing, and way freight—extortion, when
compared to distance.
Cheap travel and freight is the life of a
country, and when 6ucb inducements are
held out, the advantage will be embraced.
But when the freight eats np the profits,
Roads need not expect to flourish. What
is needed is au incentive, and Savannah,
Augusta, Macon and Atlanta, would do
twice the amount of business if the rate of
and life- Railroads thirty years ago. ;
were but an experiment, and the peculiar j fare was reduced a fourth or a third. II
find i\C fliair rnnnintr liirn* i is to t ii o interest of cities at least tba* Rail
is to the interest <
road fare should be low.
Our voice is for State aid wisely andju-
I ideas that towns had of their running thro
; them—their utter destruction—is too well ;
i known to the original constructors of the j
off Oeutral and the Georgia Railroads. The i dioiously given, and when, if necessity
1 city of ^tinodgcvtlle feels to this hour the : stiouIJ demand tt.itie State most clone Ms
folly of her opposition to the Central Rail
Gen. Garfield appeals to his Repub
bean friends ol Pennsylvania in opposi- I road in passing through it, and rather re
joiced when it ran seventeen miles beiow
I Such was the wisdom of our fathers of that
mortgage upon any Road, do it promptly
as a warning to others.
tion to the high protective system, and
warns them that the Western people
will overthrow the entire tariff, so far i , , , , ,, , i a r---o
, ’ , . day; but if a man is wiser to-day than he , . , , , .
as it affords anv protection, unless in 1 , , , , i stock of goods and business
* was-yesteruav, it stands to reason that fie . . ... ,, 7
alined in , , . . ; for this season ot the year, W
wilT.be wiser to-morrow than fie is to day.
This generation knows, sees and feels
tho mighty developing influences of rail
roads, and that every mile constructed, is
but a bid to immigration, population and
a stable habitation aud location. The en
hancement of the value of land ; the ready
inaiket, all induce to making oue feel sat*,
isfied. Does any sane man call into ques
| tion but that be can get more for his pro
I ductions if he lias railway transportation, !
was imprisoned a month for courting a i *han if be lived twenty, thirty or forty , , , , . .
. , v , ... n ., c ii. 7 t * there is &uy one that knows wfiat is neat,
maid without the leave of her parents ; i miles away from such advantages s Look; 5 ^ ar _ i ,-:..t«
manifest j to-day at North-East and North-West
Georgia—one without a railroad, the oth
er with one through its very center; the
due time, the system he mo
favor of the Western consumers.
There ought to be, even now, a ma
jority of the House in favor ofa reve
nue tariff", Party bonds may be em
barrassing, but they will be broken bv
the tariff question. LEO.
Occasionally we read of some ofthe i
customs of fhe days of the Puritans ; i
which are interesting. Dunstable, (
Mass., in 1651 dancing at wedding
was forbidden ; 1060 Wm. Walker
in IG75 because “there is
pride appearing in our streets,” tl
wearing of long hair or periwigs and (
OUR MERCHANTS
Are receiving their Spring and Summer
looks bright
We feel author
ized in saying that Mr. Joseph has as fine
a stock as can be found in the city, and
that his prices will be as low down as auy
other meichant. Those who would like
to look at fine goods and late style* wifi
find at his store the latest. He will be
more than happy to see his friends, and
feels assured that he can please ^hem as
! regards price and quality of his goo d».
Mrs. Lindrum is before the public in an
advertisement that tells what she has. If
“superstitions ribbons was ot bidden p r j ce 0 j | an( ] alone and the building up of
also, men were forbidden to “ke^p j town> along the Road>have repaid the State
Christmas, as il was a Popish custom
In 1677 a ‘cage” was erected near the
the meeting house for the confinement
of Sabbath breakers, ami John Ather
in taxation; while North-East Georgia,
is comparatively unknown; its resources
undeveloped though great, and a burthen
chafed tiis feel
ton, a soldier, was fined forty shillings U P 0U d»e State rather than a profit. But
for wetting a piece of an old hat to pul; give that section the same commercial ad-
| vantages and we predict for it a
j prosperity to its people and the State at
; large. What was Southern Georgia before
! it bad the Atlantic and Gulf Road I we
: can speak from personal knowledge, for in
j 1850 we could have bought the best cot
ton laud for SI per acre, and now it can-
| not be got for less than S-5 and S10 as it
| approximates the line of railroad. AdJ so
j throughout the whole State.
| But we now come to the question direct
I of State aid, regardless of what other and
i old Roads may have done unaided and
into his shoes, which
while marching.
Death op Mrs. Du. Fogle.— We regret
to record the death of this most excellent
lady, wife of our much esteemed fellow-
citizen, Dr, Jacob Fogle, which occurred
at the family residence, in Linwood, yes
terday morning at 9 o’clock, after aa ill
ness of one week from pneumonia, aged
51 years. Mrs- Fogle was the daughter of
J. P. Turner, of Milledgeville, where she
was married, and removed to this city with
her husband as long ago as 1834—conse
quently she was amongst the oldest of our
citizens.— Col. Eoq.
Chicago has this season packed 690,000 ( aloue. Vie do not feel .that this genera-
liogs. Cincinnati, 337,330 and St. Louis, ( tion is to be governed or controlled by the
641,316 and Milwaukee 172,626.
narrow and cautious views of our fathers
At a sale of books in New lork, last thirty years ago. Had any man or body
A'frz,<* ^ a. i.
tasty aud pretty, Mrs. L. certainly does.
She lias a very nice eye for good*, and it
is unnecessary for us to recommend her
establishment to our citizen*, she being so
well known. If she canuot please, there
is no use to try elsewhere. Call and look
at her pretty goods.
We are also pleased to notice, that a
New Store has just been opened by Harry
W. Slustin A Co., and that Miss Kate .
life of ^ U8l * n Presides over the Millinery estab-
1 lishineut. Her goods are really pretty
aud fine, and she invites those who are iu
need of Straw aud Fancy goods, flowers
Ac. Jcc., to give her a call.
Harry W. Mustin A Co., offers to the
public a flue lot of crockery, china and
glassware. As such articles are indispen
sable in all families, we hope our citizen*
will give the firm a call,—to be found next
door to the Milledgeville Hotel.
Our other merchants may have fine
stocks, but as we cannot speak officially for
them, sileuce becomes us as to th eir mer
its.
Our collecting Aagent having returned
from a visit to the Islaud Creek neighbor-
ciiased in 1S6S for81I30, was resold for
$1050. There are but three copies in ex
isteuce, and not three men who can read : to aid in building a telegraphic line from
them. | the Capitol to Savannah, and told what
The Queeu of England keeps a little could be done, would have been scouted as
private school ; that is by deputy. I be wild dreamers, and a reflection upon the
pupils number one hundred and twenty,
and are childreu of people employed
about the “place.” Thirty boys and thir- j
girls, selected for good conduct,are pro- | could get from the legislature to assemble’
vided with dinner every day for good 1 ~
hood, makes a most favorable report of the
the year 1839, to appropriate even 85,000 finnacial affairs of the old Recorder in tuat
vicinity. With no mail facilities, and, in
consequence, a very irregular reception of
the paper, there is only a single exception
to the settlement of our bills—and it is
Nor do but just to say that our agent was unable
to sqe this one.
Were all our debtors as prompt aa those
common sense of the legislature,
we believe that any man or corporation
construction; yet we hope to live to see
conduct. No good conduct, no good din-
uei.
" What Nobody can Deni/."—“To State' ■ . . , . , , ,
says Neblack of Indiana, in the House of | suc l' a mechanical triumph, and believe
Representatives,“that these twenty eight ■ we will in the next ten years.
In giving State aid to Roads, the leg
islature should see to it, that the Roads
contemplated, are arteries, ani if built,
will necessarily command travel aud
freight. That their construction if be
gun, will invite capital, and the points—
$10,000 to build an aerial car, no matto r | a bove mentioned, we should be enabled
how plausible the plan or Scientific the ( t0 P»>" off ’• ll liabilities against us, and to
States have adopted the Fifteenth Amend
ment is a fraud aud a lie.”
For Future Del leery.— Murray, Ferris
A Co.'s circular for the week ending April
2d, quotes cottou sales for fn ture delivery
as follows :
For April, 21ic ; May, 21 ; June, 21;
July, 2lj, and August 213—sales 10,300 | (fi e initial and objective, are important
bales on the bales of low middling.
A Country of Ei/ual Rights.—It is
esti-
aud commanding. Take fbr instance, the
•‘Air Line,” from Atlanta to Andersou in
A most
mated that the number ol persons still dis- c then olrto Charlotte, N. C.
franchised under the rourteentfi Amend-' ~ . 4 . .
ment from all State and Federal offices (important road to Georgia. Again, the
amounts to 250.000.
Savannah, Griffin and North Alabama
make them a much more readable paper.
Our ageut is still in the field, and we fevl
encouraged to hope that those who owe n*
will be prepared to give him as generous
a reception as ho met with at the hands
of our Island Creek friends—to whom we
ratuin our sincere thanks.
The man and the horse succeeds.
Stale Agricultural Society.—At a meet
ing of the Executive Committee of tbi*
Society, held in Atlanta on the 1st in*t.»
the resignation of David W. Lewis, &£*■
ret ary, was received and accepted, and
Titos. C Howard was empowered to * ct ’
uutil a new Secretary shall have bse*»
elected.