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T, *Ht double as much as when
first put to stall. This is sometimes done—it is
seldom exceeded, and fatteners often fall short
of it.”
“It is stated in the Complete Grazer, that an
unworked ox consumed for several days togeth
er, 33 lbs. of hay per day. In the New York
Memoirs of Agriculture, it is stated that an ox
will eat every twenty-four hours 14 lbs. hay,
half bushel of potatoes, and 8 quarts of meal. —
It appears that the capacities of cattle for the
consumption of food vary according to circum
stances of size, age, condition, &c. Many far
mers who engage in fattening cattle, only expect
to get paid for grain, without taking into ac
count the hay consumed. They however de
rive the great advantage of consuming their
crops on the ground, and reserving the manure
to keep up the productiveness of the soil. The
former who annually sells off ihc produce of his
land, in the form of hay, grain, &c., soon finds the
necessity of making a considerable outlay for ma
nure, to compensate for culture, and often rapid
deterioration. It is freely admitted in respect to
hay, straw, and all of what is called “ long feed,”
it is always better to consume the produce on the
farm, even at a nominal loss of 25 per cent, than
to carry it off any distance to market —that is to
say, a farmer had best feed his hay at home, al
though it may net him only G dollars per ton, in
fattening his cattle, than cany it even to a short
distance to market, for 8 dollars per ton. Such
estimates seem to indicate that the value of arti
cles consumed in fattening stock, ought not to
be valued so high as the current market price.—
“ Read Mr. Close’s trials” in England, “ one
acre of turnips, winter fattened one ox, and
yielded manure for one and a half acres of land.”
If the fodder consumed on the farm net the
farmer $5.00 per ton, and the average product is
tw r o tons, it pays a remunerating profit per acre
at 75 dollars for the land.
“ The loss on cattle driven to market, is from
50 to 100 lbs. dead 'weight, in seventy-five or
eighty miles. Ordinary shrinkage of cattle
driven to the Brighton market, is from 30 to
35 per cant; sheep 50 per cent; oxen driven
from the field and weighed, and re-weighed the
following morning, have shrunk 80 or 100
pounds each.”
We come to this final result, and let somebody
upset it if they can. Wc will be glad to be put
right.
Improved husbandry necessitates the breeding
JfiKN CULix
and keeping of cattle, yet off of arable land—i.
e. it should not be pastured.
Because, the best agricultural chemists admit
that what are called mercantile manures, ex
haust the soil by excessive stimulation.
Because the constant application of highly
stimulating manures, will impoverish the land
far more rapidly than if such manures w r ere not
applied.
Because the only manures which permanently
invigorate, are those which add nourishment and
depth to the soil.
Because the most approved method of doing
this, is by manufacturing composts on the farm ;
and for this end, cattle are necessary—that the
manures are in proportion to their thrift. Then
stall your cattle early in the afternoon, and feed
off all your long provender, to be returned
to the soil after being worked up by the
stock, mixed with straw, leaves, hedge and road
sweepings, peat and bog muck, etc., and sell off
in the spring the fattest. Never keep more than
you can winter, at the rate of 10 lbs. per day,
for 4 months at least in this climate. Stall-feed
ing for market won’t pay, but stall-feeding as
above for manure, trill. BEAUFORT.
1 mm
MANUFACTORIES IN THE SOI TH.
Editors Southern Cultivator. —L. A.
Hansen of Mississippi in the August No., makes
an attact on an essay wurtten by Col. Steadman
and published in your June No. to winch I w T ish
to make a brief reply, The salient point made
by him to-wit: “ All advocates of establishing
factories in the South, lose sight of the aU impor
tant fact that the present prices of manufactured
goods in the United States are artificial, based on
an unjust and ruinous protective tariff” does not
of course prove his it will not pay
to manufacture south, l^S^^B t reverse. For the
same advantages will sections in the
United States under the tariff. And if the prices
of manufactured goods so is that of
the raw material, and the price of goods will ev
er depend more or less on the prices paid for cot
ton. The question of a protective tariff, is of vi
tal importance to the south. If we cannot get it
abolished we should and must take advantage of
it, if we would be what Mr. Hansen so much de
sires, an independent people. Our prosperity as
an agricultural people is bounded by it. He as
serts that if the present administration was super
ceeded by a conserative one, the country would
have the benefit of free trade. I will ask if