Newspaper Page Text
.... GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
' , otwcLoWip. riioM xxida*’* M»»
Having tehmiltasl in detail e nvratireof
the events (b which otir relation* art h the
United State* Itavn givea-riae, end exposed
the motive* (tld principle* which have gov-
•road lit* cneduct of Urn Exeeelive through-
•put, It»l*R to your wWonv to deosd*. upon
the nwtauree necessary end proper to attttam
the honor and dcfenJ the right* tnd indepcn-
denoeof the Sttle. It ie confidently baliev-
•d that neither the Cqnttitulion, the public
law, or the u
Ooveritmetit. Tholalter of the 4th iff July, ilqnetj^^Ht’»liell be CMMered.* ffM Yre-
eubeequonflr eddreeeed to thi.Oep.rt; At.
moot, In winch, alter justifying bit offensive
oira of tho flit Juno, he tnirilis the autbori-
tie. nf Georgia, by raforrW the proeedutiou
■of the Agent to tit*.moat corrupt hnd repre
hensible tof mm*. end By the affected
charity with wllh he excepted the .Chief
Magistrate from th* charge, rave poignan
cy to hi* dimdnciaiipit.'and telib eenlenoe *
eemhlanee of a legal character, a* if pro
uouneetl by a competent oiagietratn front
the judgment auet. It wea not until -after
the return of tbia oflhieg to. Washington,
that lie etuaed to be publiehed under the at e
of bia government tbb declaration "that he
wo* informed by the acting Agent for Intli-
litift
i of Geor
ither tbi
order the occupetion
"onlhedai atipulated in that iaatrumenl, In tho government
Ilia seine manner' aa -you would- have dooe if I iatretion of the finance*,
IU validity had oot been questioned. ing from such a phraon,
Id the correspomknbe aubmitted to the Le so specific, daeervet your ettentum, andAft
gitlalnfe et then-late extraordinary teuton, more became toe truth or falsehood or it^pi
will be(uuud repeated and final resolution of] beeoaily establisded.
tha Cherokee* never to- abandon the territory * ->•— ~*.-»t <
they oCoupy within our limite--, Tliia rc»olu- ... .-
two may he aelhfactory. to the goveromeut of capacity, to investigate the causes ot the
' th* United Stale*—it cannot be ao to you. I disturbance! inthe Indian country—to re
lieving taShn ItacM-e; it remain* for you to
take your*, in doing ao no time is to be lost.
Your better judgment will suggest and ap
prove the remedy, Whatever it m»y Be, 1
recommend to you to adopt, early and oner-
. recced-
in a farm
move the causes of discontent, and to re
concile' the contending parties. He like"
wise was received with the moist friendly
dispositions and trotted with all the respeot
r _, , , duo to his rank and character. Hcprofeas-
geiic measures fur the removal of ell white led tn be.animated bj the jure of trutb and
pereeoa and others, not Indians, inhabiting I justice, to be iu llio interest of no party, and
that territory, with the exception .only of in tho execution of bis trust to be governed
■uch ns ere necessarily employed jn the ser- by the dictates of duty only. Not doubting
vice of ihw-Unitvd States, uuder the power] the sincerity of these professions the aid anti
granted to Congress to regulate commerce co-operation oft ho Executive of Georgia in
with the Indian tribes. By the second article | promoting the objects of' his mission wqre
of agreement and cession, you will fiud the [ cheerfully tendered and would undoubtedly
following words inserted by Xir Commission- have been afforded tn any extent within the
or* oat of abundant caotioo—Tlie United powers of the department. , The first inani
States “ cede to the state of Georgia what- * . ... _
ever claim, right or little -they may have to
the jeriedictluo or tell of those lands.” Noth-
featation given by thi* officer of dislike or
aversion to the authorities of Georgia, which
has come to the knowledge of ’the Exec
ing remajnied tothe Indians, therefore, but the I utivn, will be found iu the representation
tight of temporary occepalion for hunting, of the Commissioners# and in the letter of
This rightjhas been construed so liberally,j the other Special Agent, in which,-spnak-
that in,practice .general usufructuary-inter-1 ing ofhit obnoxious leiterof tbe 21st of June,
est V,oS been conceded to tbein. But this re- he says-, " the letter is 'approbated by a man
•creation uf burning- grouuds is confined to | wlio for wisdom stands inferior to few, and in
the Indiana exclusively, and designed for their | honor to nonei” If the infereuce was correct
use end benefit only. The soil and jurisdic- that tbe person alluded to by the writer was
tton being in Georgia, it was no mpre lawful | the same Agent whose conduct is the subject
for the Urited States to introduce other pef- of this review, it A certain that even, at that
eons (here, than it would' have been for them time lie could not have entertained fur the
to have introduced within the setlled limits of authorities of Georgia tliuse respectful se.nti
(Georgia acolooy of free persons of color, of metilt which he professed and which in' duty
Indians, or of white people.' The utmost al- he was boon,I to entertainlor in that ob
lowable to the United States iu this respect | noxious letter thosenuihorities.wore denutinc-
wa* the settlement within tbe territory of ed for oppression, partiality aod injustice of
such of their owb officers, v as were necessary the most flagrant kind practised against the
tn carry into eifeCltbeir acknowledged power] Indian Agent. On the 10th day of July he
to regulate commerce with the Indians. The] wrote a letter to the Governor enclosing a
United States have nevertheless by permis- rcerlificatu of the Italian chief Marshall, and a
iioo, toleration, or encouragement, iotroduc- white man named Edwards to disj.4oye the
ed there from time to time, wliilo persons and fact of M’l ntosh and bis Council having' given
Others who.Imva made settlements, fixercised their assent to tli2 survey. This officer could
ownership over the soil, and cultivated it in not have offered a greater insult to any lode
the same manner as if (he United States, and pendent Government, He had seen the pub
not Georgia, pffisessed the right of toil ami lie message in which the assent of M’lntusli
jurisdiction i and these very same persons, as end his chiefs had been anooiinqhd to the Le
It i* confidently believed, have been, chiefly gesture, and the incunteslihle evidence on
instrumental in preventing the Indians from | which the annurieiatidn was founded. Dii
- leaviug tbe country ; all such persons there- regarding the authority of botii. and prufes
fore are to be considered as traspassers and ting to rely on the testimony of such persons
'nod intruders upon the soil of Georgia and aa Marshall and Edwards, known to hun to.
treated accordingly. This it the theory and be infamous, he informs the Governor (hat
practice of tb* Uuited States government iK tiosubh assent was tv« gmsn., Ill aggrava-
self with regain! to its own lands. In every tiou of (hie insult before any notice was taken
instance where the United States have claim- of it. he causes Jlte aatne letter with the cer-
nd tbe soil and jurisdiction, whither tile In- tificate to be publislied on his own authority,
diant be in the occupation or oot, the govern- ] alleging as his excuse that falsehoods and ca~
inent has exercised tbe power to (real all such ] Ioniums, by whom or about wlrnt be did not
persons as trespassers. and intruders, and au | iuform us. were propagated ; thus making bis
act, ffiXAgress authorises the President lo appeal to the public from the pretended ru-
efutiipatlhe point of the tytyoriet. It is mor of the day for (he purpose of bringing the
, eqdsnpompotent to the government ofthe- authorities of Georgia into dtoedputo with
staleIratopVdtkc measures for the removal their own people, and separating the people
of tresjSjUrs on her own soil, and for this train their govermuent- He wae soon yn-
purpose having made the oecessary statutory j formed t hat hoJiiinself was the dupe of the
provisions, its recommended to you to extend certificate of Marshall and that Ins own qon-
rthp laws iff Georgia over the country. | duct was reprehensible in relying on it to re-
xon have seen Ituw our rights of sovereign- ] proacli the Government of Georgia with tnis-
iy—- those of the elective franchise, of territo-] representation ami falsehood, and of this ms
ry, and jurisdiction, have been infringed—| Government end the public were soon after
You will see the saute rights violated, in the | furnished with abundant proof. ,W lion this
independence, character aod dignity of the officer is rebuked fur an indiguity which coghi
t constituted authorities occupied in the man- with no propriety pass w-iiliout censure, In
agement of our affairs. loses all seir-command-and forgetting his own
A special officer was commissioned by the I s , 1w ' onan< * that of the person lo whom he ad-
Presidenl to enquire into (ho conduct ofthe ” r,U> ’ IbWi "' af !‘ ,rle "“ r,0 J lu ’
Agent for Indian Affairs, who on present- °. hi< * ,n, ff l8,ra,e ' coched m the most oilen-
ing himself, here, was received in the most !,?e '“'‘S”** 6 - ani 1 *ir irian.iei-
friendly temper, and with assurances that ” wel1 a,f m f‘ ter - “ nJ ‘h® ••mncslsate (rublici
every assistance would be rendered to pro y g|v L en ,0 - ,hem " l , ru '' g h ‘he gaiettes must
mote the object of his mission—not doubtinu iave L heen ,r, l ,e " dc,, »» electioneering paper,
that the object, as In) repeatedly professed. l? ““h^ree the cause of one of the contend
wesjurtice to all the parties concerned, lo p ^ t,es " e / S ' ate ' *? '!* e . projud'ce of
the public, to Itis own government; to Geor the , olhor .’ “ >"f«ronce deriving abundant
gia, to the Indians, and to the officer impli- .™ 6 ""* 110 ^""" tl,a ftct th ® r ,he 8a,ne . of '
cated.—Any deportment which might be #oer °? e P ra ®" v ®'B ,he “«*» «“«»•
construed into a disposition to bits or mis- co “ r, ^ ,<,faoo, ® , J' of applying to tho chief ma
lead him wae studiously avoided—all infer- an< * ■“Ihw'ly the most coo-
tnation required promptly furnished, and not tu "I® , ®“® * nd ' !lb,l ’’. ,ve e P ll h«l»- *
* suspicion admitted that he could have been ■“ ^ I'Uercom-se could be hel„
actuated By other than honorable motives, "TTf-!*, '.be dtgmly
until In a conversation which a gentleman “ l '® ,n8 ' anc,J f “ rhld '
in the confidence of the Governo? was in-l ‘ ^ P ro<!ee<,e,l
atructed to hold with him, ho betrayed very w 'If “A *7®^
strong prepossessions in favor of the Agent, °L h ''
«o much bo, and at so esrly a period, that ^ 18 Exectftive of the State
with an intention b apprize his govsrnrtie.il ^®®“ wnrrantod by the public
ofthe fact, » letter was addreied £ wl T *° fl ?«'
sk o.fsSi5‘s^ c n ,ni ‘;
aid and countenance, to collect testimony | y," p^ople from their Government 1“ well
for bis ymdicatioD add aoquitUl, aud wnh- ij naivn y 0Uf jy) ore recently the gallant
out giving eardo tho testimony against him. Porler |,J been punll | le d by his Government
to pronounce that acquittal as honorsble tor for insulting the petty authorities of Fosaido,
i!!riAAvi b A Pt !T'i “ 11 ■!* dl fi r ®® ef °l‘° | »"* for rooking an appeal from tl.at govern
fhi 1 , ^ 1 ® JA'llf* CO f 6rne A'? 11 • for rnent through lit* public prints much lest ex-
this purpose, with great labor-and usstdmty, cepltonaU*,lhan that made Wy. this officer iu
■ ■l!«n > ^r?.! e u O fi.i r.Ai ?| ,lt -^i. 0f th * PublicMlotrof hid letter to the tOtls July.
Wherever he-could find it. and thus embody- wbetliar tbe conehtuted authorities of Geor-
tn« for himself and his government, k voj- gi» are of mom or less importance than those
. unie of impnrest matter, by which to justify ofFoxardoio the view oftheGen.Govertunent
that acquittal.. Hi* impatience would not | will be seen in the answer of Hie President,
pormtt him to wait tbe cjusingof th"b testi- The answer of the President to the demand of
}0U ,.r U *! ein W* 'he Governor of Georgia for hi. recall and
letter of the 2t at June, addreaaed to the arrest it aa little crtditqble to the fuoolinnary
Agent and pubh-hed by him. It- was this tjom whioh It oomes as satisfactory to tbe one
totter proving inconteet.bly that the qoee- to whom it is addressed.
IsSibto **, W *»tiingion. The President i. bound h, every constitu-
end that a farce had been playing only to tional obligation to execute, th* laws. One
5" , ^Sli t .h e ‘Uthontlda of Georgia, which of thane laws declares thy, •' any officer oi
dsoided th* Executive to address to him. the] soldier who shell use contemptous ,or ditre-
noteof We 2bth June, instructing him lo spoctful-wbris sgainstlthe phief magistreta or
kold M furthercorraspondence-wuh this|lcgislaiaraof any of the states, ifacommls-
oonlemptuuus .and distotpectful words, tor
whioh Ms conduct is simply disapproved! and
he’ia informed that if thogoveronr of this state
had not previously used lowtrd lum offensive
language the demand Wpnld Would have beuo
complied with. So Utat according to this
ouiistructton ofthe President hit military offi
cers may oondact themielves a* . they
please witlStu the jurlsdioltou of Um r**peu-
(ive elates—no matter liow edijmumMIe, sud
thq least reprsheostou or consutWbj the Chfol
magistrate of a Stale, js their sefficieBl war-
rantU| retort iu abusive, and iueultilig lan
guage, and to gratify tl'ieir resentments,.eveu
at tbe expense of the independence uf the
elective franchise*-—* construction winch
makes this law a nullity, bucuusti it privtleges-
military officer t® do that which but joi-
law be might legally have douW—iniu It
ijiief magistrate of a state as lie would in'-
, .a private eilixeofordny>e*l ortmagiuary
-.Jevanoe—a privilege winch the law was
intended -to prohibit W him. But the fact
ansttmed by the Prei/dent at true, is not
Irae—Notliiog offensive was written to tins
officer before be h.d three several times
offended the dignity of this (iovernmenj
vis- by his approbation of the offensive terms
ofthe loiter of the other. Special Ageii(, by
his disrespectful ireameot of the co otnis
sionere, and by his procurement' and publt
cation of the false statement of Marshal! and
Edwards. This exposition of tho law by the
Executive of the United Slates will sattsiy
you of the expediency of depending on your
own lueasures-for defence agetost fbe re
petition of such outrages.
The-Governor of. Ueqygia denies the right
of (be President to excuse or justify bis officer
iu the violation of a law of the United Slates
which be is bound tn execute, because of any
act or supposed act of ilia Governor which is
in violation of no law. The President by
such excuse or justification take* the.placc
of the Agent, and when in one of his authori
sed communications he says, “there is no
part of his duty which the President .more
anxiously pursues tbsn that of maintaining the
most scrupulous decuruin in his official inter
course with the state authorities, a line of con
duct from which no circumstances bower-
er aggravated, have ur wilt tempt him to de
part," he only means that what he does not
choose to do by himself, be will do by bis
Agent. .
The published addresses of the different
Agents are submitted with the rest only to
shew the unity of feeling,, sentiment and ac
tion which hqs signalized the department of
United Slates officers of every grade io their
iiiferco'irse with the Government of Georgia.
It cai\be submitted to on longer—the eove-
reignlv, independence and dignity of Stic State
must be maintained, and to support them you
must depend on your own means. I advise
you therefore, tobave recourse to those means,
no matter whom you' place in authority, all
strangers must be compelled to respect in then-
exterior demeanour at least, those authorities.
The sacredoess of the elective franchise cap
bo prelected by regarding every private peison
nut a citizen of. Georgia who interfere-, with
that freedom as an alien and stranger, viola
ting a right of sovereignty aud exposing him
self lo punishment. Is an officer of tbe Uni
ted States not being a. citizen of Georgia, lie
renders himself (he more obnoyiuus from the
doiible'capacily in which be offends that so
vereignly, and if an officer representing bis
Government m a diplomatic character before
tins Government he can be made amenable
under tho sanction .of jour own laws, and
the laws and usages of nations for ’offeuces
—imin.usd ogsii,st sutir.r, aud to thlB end you.
have only to define the charracter ol the of
fence end to prescribe the puuishmeut. ,,
In the expose of the Slate of our relations
with the General Government other grievan
ces minor and secondary in importance' art
adverted.to not for the purpose of accumula
ting wrongs into a formidable mass, and ma
king an appeal the louder and deeper lo th.
justice of that Government, but to satisfy our
fellow citizens that i?we have complained in
vain, we likve not complained without cause,
and that onr cup of bitterness is almost full.
The military claims for services rendered
thirty- years ago in defence of Ihe State against
Indian hostilities, by authority of the General
Government, are yet unsatisfied although
constantly urged, whilst similar claims of o-
therstates, but of more doubtful justice have
buen recognized.
The claims of our citizens against the Creek
nation admitted by tup Treaty of the Indian'
Springsofliitl, to tile amount of 250,000
dollars, although rendered fora largeiainount.
have been curtailed by arbitrary rules' pro
scribed by the United States for tbe settle
meutof them to 1-00,000 dollars, by which she
places in her own treasury i» defiance of our
repealed remonstrances 154.000 dollars, thus
depriving the claimants of i benefit to that,
arnqunt, which according io every rational
construction of thu instrument was intended
by all tlie parties to it to mure to them only,
and whioli could not by atssf construction be
carried lo the credit of the United States—
To uuf repeated remumlrances against this
decision, it has been anwered, fjiat the dec!
sion was made and coulj not be reconsidered
Tim Government of Georgia had reason tn
expect that the United States would not. re
fuse their concurrence and co-operate in tlie
running of the line between this State and the
Slate of Alabama—III, because they were
proprietors of (he soil on one side of it—and
2d. because Georgia was concerned that the
presence'aud authority of the United States
should be a security to the Indians iiiat their
righla should be respected—a security which
would save to Georgia the expense of a milita
ry force in the prosecution of Ihe work, as the
Indian* in -the ahsenof of that security might
be excited by evil disposed persons to interrupt
its execution. The President in the first in
stance signified 'no objection to a co-operation
but tbe one founded on a mistake in fact, that
Alabama had not given her assent. Subse
quently, however, tlie co-operation was de
clined, it beihg as was said, a matter in which
Georgia and Alabama werq alone concerned,
and with which the United States hadliothing
to do. More recently, as you are informed,
the State has been absolutely forbidden at her
peril tb enter her territory tor tbe purpose of
running a linn or making a survey of any des
cription; the sum of all which Is that .the. Uni
ted States claim for themselveetbe power
enter upon their territory wherever the- soil
and juriadirtion are in them—to settle' there
whom they please, and to expel whom they
pleats, even et the point of the bayooet, 1>ut
deny the same power to Georgia where the
seil and jurisdiction -are in her, and forbid
her under the pain of military chastisement
to run a line or make a survey there. Tbe
late correspondence with the. Government
Alebama will ahew that we may aeon expect
the concurrence of-that State in our resolu
tion to run tbe Itoe, and, it is very desirable
that no further obstacle abonld be suffered
prevent its execution,
A request made to. the Executive of the U,
States; under authorfffbf a ttMR the
legislature to co-operate sritto^Htate in
running the dividing line betsfWm end (lie
territory of Florida was also refused on the
allegation (hat Congrats bad made no prcvl-
sioft for such oo-opecalion.
A resolution of the Legislature instructing
tbe Governor to authorise. the survey of the
intermediate country with a view of coonffiit
ing by n canal or road, or both, the waters of
tltq Gulf amt Atlantic—a wurk of not less
importance to thp Union than the connexion
<if the two mas by tile isthmue .of Panama,
and nf the more easy execution, tits not been
carried into effect. The opinion of the Exb-
e.titive on this sdbjeet lias been made known
tb tlie Legislature. Tlie authorities of Geor
gia cannot pass beyond tjieir own limitvintu
the territory of any other State or of the U
Slates for any such objects without commit
ting Iresapats, and -.it is not understood that
the must practicable hue uf communication
between tlie two waters would fail- wholly
within Ihe jurisdiction of Georgia. In truth,
tbia is most appropriately a work for the U
States, without any constitutional hindrance
or impediment; a ihort cut th'ruugh her own
soil would accom|;liili it aud tlie wltule Un
ion wonld immediately partake the benefits.
The attention ofthe President, had been in
vited to (his subject before, and whilst lie ac
knowledged the great importance of tire work
it it not known that any measures have been
taken in relation to it. His atten ion was
ailed at the same time to the practicability
of uniting (lie eastern and western waters by
a canal turning the base of the Appalachian
mountains at their southern extremity, an
operation of more obvious ulilily, because ol
less doubtful practicability, than the contem
plated one for connecting tlie Chesapeake
and Ohio. A promise was given that this al
so should receive early consideration, but
nothing more has been heard of it» Without
bringing into question here the power of Ibe
General Government tn make canals at pleas
ure within the jurisdiction of tbe States, it
wotifd perhaps be more advisable for the
State Governments to depend for' internal
improvements on their own powers and re
sources, and I am happy tu inform you that
the state of Tennessee having a common in
terest with ourselves, has given unequivocal
indications of her willingness to co-operate
with us in this undertaking. We haveenu-
-tinned assurances that a qivii engineer of
competent qualifications may sunn be com
manded for the service of tnis Stale. To give
you ao outline of the views of Ike Executive
on the general subject, I bare caused the in
strnctions, which, iu the absence of the Le
-gislatiire', would hare been given him, to be
laid before you. And here perinit-me to sug
gest the policy of applying a portion of tbe
fond set apart for Internal Improvement to
the construction of roads which shall so tra
verse tbe country as to make the communica
tion between the different counties and com
mercial towns more safe, easy aud expedi
tious. Considering climate and localities, it
ma< be deemed expedient to invest the capi
tal in a description uf labor wliicb under pro
per direction would not only be efficient for
the accomplishment of the work, but could
be ultimately tnado to return to the treasury
a large proportion of the amount invested.
The annual reports of tbe seVoarl banks
have been received, and are submitted—
Tliey.all continue to sustain the credit of
their paper circulation,-with the exception of
(he Bank of Darien, whose currency has de
preciated and is depreciating; tlie causes o'f
which with the remedy will claim your early
and serious investigation- The public inter
est demands that the bank should immediate
ly resume specie paymeuts, and you can eas
ily believe that the teuder by the state of de
preciated money to its citizens is not in con
formity with right and that tn those of them
who are obliged to receive it a positive wrong
s dooe.
It is sincerely hoped (hat a revision of our
militia system will no lunger be delayed.—
Vou hear constant testimony to its numerous
defects. The single fact that on a late occa
sion it became necessary to force an organi
zation by coercing under military penalty,
private citizens to accept brevets in cases
where the companies had failed to elect offi
cers, and which by tliecontagibn of example
were so multiplying as to threaten a total dis
organization. will he alone sufficient to com-
maud your serious attention to tins revision
It is again recommended to you to estab
lish a Court of Errors or Appeals and upon
(he principles suggested in my late commu
nication to Ihe Legislature. ' Tlie people
seem more and moiT disposed to give to this
necessary change in our judicial system the
sanction of their approbation; and indeed, it
is one which sooner or later initBt be adopted
with ttic hearty concurrence of the great bo
dy of them, as a remedy for evils no longer
tolerable;
1 transmit as-a matter of duty, two resolu
tions of tbe Legislatures 6f Connecticut and
Illinois, received since the late Extra Session,
reemrtmeuding to the Congress and to the
Stales tlie abuhtiou of slavery,
Nothing has transpired lo change my sen
timents on a subject to which- more than once
it has been my duty lo call your attention—
It is my settled conviction, aud the more cqn-
fiymed than ever, that neither the other
states, nor the Congress have any right to
bring that subject into question before them
in any form, and that every attempt to do so
by either should jje regarded in Ibe same
.manner as an attempt tu destroy your sove
reignty, of wliicb it is an esseutial part, and
that y ou dill have no security for this proper
ly against the-efforts which will be made
from lime to time to impair its value, ahd e-
venlually destroy it, but in tbe equally settled
conviction oh the part of tbe assailants that
yon will defend is as you would defend your
lives. Independent of any precautionary
measures which you may deem proper for
the permanent safety of this property, every
proposition which may tie addressed to yon on
the subject, eitbef by the state or the.UnHed
States authorities, being unconstitutional on
tlie fnce of it, as it cannpt be received other
wise that, offensively,and consequently ought
not to be received at all, should be returned
to tbe authorities from which it emanated.
The various resolutions ofthe Legislature
to be carried into effect by the Executive
power, are either already executed, or in a
course of execution,
" -It is gratifying to observe the mnltiplica-
tinn of institutions for tbe iDstruclioii of youth
in every quarter of the'state, foqnded either
by public or private contribution, ahd cher-
ished-by na ardent feeling in the cause of
mental improvement with which every claas
of the community eeenia to be animated.
Franklin College, in tn onward course of
prosperity, with * well organised, hot not
numerous faculty, possessing the requisite
capability, tnd giving to their usefulness the
more extension by en harmonious concert
of action, see* with pride her alumni already
reflecting honor on her, from tho various
pursuits and occupation* of life from tbe
learned professions end the legislative hell,
tnfl oon M^HJ|REiielto wjfl receive at
all (iratp, seVMeterve*, the patronage of
the Legislalare. The county academies
increase in number and respectability, and
sustained every where by the public favor,
tltey-eanont fail, with liberal endowments
from the Legislature to flourish universally.
The poor achonl fund hat been eagetly
souglll by all the Counties, but whether be
neficially applied ih all, is doubtful. In re
viewing this part ofthe system, you will do
woll to adopt sucb general' regulations of a
permanent character, as can be accommo
dated under * good adminiitration of them
to the local circumatanoes of county. The
provision which enquires the trustees who
render service without compensation, to
give bond and security, will perhaps be
found totnx public spirit too heavily, and
may in soma instances defeat the execution
of the law.
' In onr lamented differences with the Uoi-.
ted States, the constituted authorities of
Georgia have benn ungenerously reviled.-
-Sentiments and feelings have been adapted
ibr them lo which tlioir hearts and under-
srandings are strangers. The char, oof hoi
ulily to the U>t ion is indignantly repelled—
Georgia is not behind the foremost of her
sisters in devotion to the .Union—She is la
boring at this moment to cement and perpe
tuate that Union, by bringing it back tothe
irinciples ofthe constitution,—We mean a
Union uf definite signification—a constitu
tional Union for all constitutional objects—
A Union for safety, for security of life, lib
erty end property—A Union to entorce the
powers of the Genet al Government, as well
as to proleqt and defend the rights and pow
era of the states. A Union which means
something, amt which we love audcjterish as
a^ blessing. But the Union which iscansirtt-
ed to mean any thing or every thing—a (in
ion for absorption and consolidation, which
would prescribe no limits to (he power* of
one government, but tlie general welfare,and
which would reduce Ihe powers of all Ihe rest
to a shadow ofUovereignty, whioh claims su
premacy and exacts obedience—which con
strues the constituting for itself and issues its
mandates to, the states, backed by the purse
and swurd—which threatens to decide for us
what isyroperty and wlrnt js not property,aml
whether jve shall hold any property of a cer
tain kind or not—which seudB its officers and
agents to insult aod defy the public fumv<m
aries ot the slates, as if they .were suhatti.ru
in rank and consequence to themselves.—
Soqba union is not tbe union adopted by the
slates, .and it is believed is not such a one as
the states wilt support. The Chief Magi:
(rate especially disclaims any other motive
as thegoverning one of his conduct, Ilian the
sincerest attachment nf the Union, without
tincture of prejudice against the persons who
compuse tbe councils of tho U. States, but
ou the contrary with tfie strongest predispo
sitinus to give every aid and support to
those coune.il tn promote the peace, interest
and happiness ofthe nation-
It is asserted. witlioiU fear of Contradiction,
that since,Georgi-.k was a party to the Devo
lution the confederacy or tha Union, she lias
fulfilled with sinceritrand fidelity all tier obli
gations and engagements. In peace and in
war, under whatever adminstration, not mere
ly auswering with promptness to every re
quisition, hut according to Iter means sustain
ing that government with as much vigor and
patriotism as apy of her sisters—as little qoe-
reloUSBs any of them—more complying than
most of them, and nevor bringing into question
the constitutionality of its ordinances or de
crees, but when from the honest impulses of
her heart, and the strongest convictions of
her judgment she has believed them uncon
stitutional. If opposed to to any particular
administration has been aa opposition of
frankness and firmness, and if with'these cha
racteristics always honorable, she has at any
limes mixed a spice of indignation, it may
well liave been pardoned by the bead and
members of a family who cannot themselves
claim exemption from the frailties of our na
ture, and who when your honor and principle
were at stake might have seen a color ol
virtue in a momentary departure Tram meek
ness. humility and patience.. But Georgin
can still contend that in respeot to all quese
tionsiif mere interest, to which her connexioh
with the Union mey have given rise, site
has discovered as little of selfishness, as mnet
of.generosily and of forgiveness as could be
expected from a sovereign and iudependen.
State claiming rights of property of great va
lue demanded by the wants of her citizens
indispensable to the complete organization
of her social system.
Georgia has not demanded justice of the
Federal Government in hor day of tribula
tion, of difficulty and of embarrassment, in
war, or in the midst of divided councils, but
at a moment when with an ample treasury,
at peace witli all nations, and prosperous
beyond example, ahe had her option to do us
.ustice, or refusing it, to present a military
chest end armed men.—If the U. Slates
choose to rely on these and Georgia taking
cpuncil of her fears shall make an inglori
ous surrender of her rights, what will re
main ofthe fruit ofher toil and blood and
public virtue, but-.a consolidated govern
ment, in which the sovereignly and indepen
dence of the States beiug merged, nothing
is left, her but the power of a municipal cor
poration to settle the strifes anil contentions
of individuals within the freedom of it.
By encroachment on the nne side, and
acquiescence on tho nlher,ovcry day firings
us nearer to this result; and if .we cafinnt
fihd safety ip the first principles of the Cou
stitution, we aan find it no where.
Your fellow-citizen,
G. M. TROUP.
'TWd
MONDAY MORNuiG^V^A
ET We are request to announce W lu |
GiLiAM- a. a candidate for CoroSs, „ ' ( ‘* 1
ensuing election.
'Advertisement* omitted this da, eb , u
attended to iu our next. *
By the ship Baltic arrived ye,ted,, ,
have received New-York papers L '
day inclusive tnd by Brig Pa„, he ,
on Saturday papers of that City to Mondl, I
In tbia day's Georgian, will bo foun(i
emaindcr nfthe Governor* Mesi*» 0 I
half of which we published in. s-.uiI
on Friday. On Saturday evening J"
woe issued from this office cont.i.,j "
whole of it- 1
Robert Dillon and Daniel Campbell, s| 10 I
were committed to Jail ou Friday i,
quenoe of evidence given before tbe Comm^
inquest on tbe body of Mr. JU'Kinsos, I
on Saturday, by a writ of Habeas Co,
brought before the Justice, 0 fthe Info,,, I
Court, lo shew cause why they should be fo
missed*
The case was^atfted on the pari of tbe
prisoners by Messr/. D'Lyon & Delannoiu,
and on the part of the State by Mr. Jackson.
Tlie Judges decided against tbe prisoners aod |
they were remanded to Jail.
mw mm
3 AMES WEYiliS,
MERCHANT TAXROR,
ONE DOOR EAST OF THE CITY-
HOTEL, ON THE BAY,
I S now opening a large asssortment nf
CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, VESTINGS,
Sio. of the most fashionable patterns; and
some of them of a very superior quality,
which be will make up in tlie newest and
neatest style—be having a number of first
rate workmen in bia employ, wbicb be baa
brought out from the North.
AISO, A LARUE ASSORTMENT OX NEW AND
fASMIONAM-l
Eea&j Made Clothing,
comprising every article in his line, which
were made in (he beat maimer, under his own
Buperinteodance, expressly for tins market—
Also,* large assortment bf
LADIES 1 CLOAKS,
tome of n very superior quality. Order* of
his former cuuotnert are solicited.
Oot 16 ’ .
FROM ONE' OF THE EDITORS.
Milledgeville, Nor. 9, 1925.—'Tlie i*. I
tendance of members, at the opening of tb,
session on Monday,, fas rery full—but Urg '
or three being absent from both houses. Th, I
Senate met, aud after reading the credential* I
of the member* aud qualifying them, adjourn* ]
ed. -
In the House of Representatives, on tb, |
same day, after the credentials. of the mom- j
here were read and they were qualified bj I
Judge Dooly, Geo. Harden wa* then called
to the chair, and the House proceeded to tbe
election of a Speaker. Before the vote wai)
taken, D. G. Campbell, who had been ennsid* I
ered, with Mr.' Murray, and Mr. Hudson, 11
candidate, declined. On counting the bat*
lots there appeared
For Thomatw W. Murray, C7 N
“ Mr. Hudson, 54
“ M*. Campbell, i
The House then proceeded to elect a Clark,
the result of which was as follows
For Wm. C. Dawson, (former clerk) 64
“ Mr. Burch, 59
Tbe former Door Keeper and Mewrnger
were then re*elected, after which the House
adjourned.
On yesterday (8th. Nov.) the Senate met
'and proceeded to the election of a President
and Secretary. On counting the ballots,
there appeared-—
For A. B. Powell, 35
‘ Stock*, 23
The election of Secretary resulted as fol*
lows—
For Jas. Smith), 30
W. Y. Hamell, (former SocVy.,) 29
lo the House on the above day, Ihe Mes*
sage ofthe Governor (a copy of tthich [ tram*
mit with this) was received, with a mass of
Documents, the farmer of which was re ad
it commanded, as it deserved, much sftw*
lion. It details in tbe energetic lanRuage of
Oove'rnoiffTroup, the injuries of wliicb the
state of Georgia has to cbmpltiio against tbs
General Government, and maintains ably.
and conclusively the grounds previously tsk*
cn by him, whilst no part of the great intnre'ti
of the state, which it is his duty to preside
over, are omitted to be brought betore the
body to wliicb it is addressed.
The result of the election of President of
the Senate, it is believed, shews the stats
nf parties in that body. In (he House, sb
though the successful candidate was sup
ported by the Clark party, tho majority is not
large between the two parties as it tronli
sedm to indicate. There is no doubt, how
ever, that they Dave a majority; and, io th#
elections which are shortly to take place, ap
pear determined to exercise the power plttc'd
in their hands, by electing their supporters-
Much depends upon the course they will pnr-
sue, in the attainment of tho demands of tbe
State of Georgia, and in securing respect bt
fier character and feelings.
The time of the election of Judges, At*
has not yejr arrived, and it is uncertain when
it will take place. The vote* for Governor
will probably be counted out to-morrow.
Tbe following resolution# were yestordtf
introduced by General Harden, and two hun
dred copies ordered to be printed:—
Resulted, by the Senate tnd House of Re
presentative* of the State nf Georgia, i* Gen
eral Assembly met—
That the. situation in which Georgia fi»«
herself, in regard to tbe United States is paif
ftilly felt and seriously regretted.
• That the end. for which the Constitute*
of the U. S. wa» instituted, “ to form a mw*
perfect uniqn, establish justice, ensure d»-
metric tranquility, provide for the com m°
defenoe, promote the general welfare, **»
secure tbe Meetings ef liberty to ou,«
and our pofllerity,” tine whet# htora
