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V George Cox— Unequal representation
e State Legislature: The freemen of the
country are submissionisU indeed if they
: i it any longer.
)K g, Wasson—Palsied be the hand and
ded the brain that would conspire to over
v our glorious Union.
I va Lady— Secessionists who 6eek the aid
England: May God Almighty save the coun
fi'rom the influence of such men.
i V a Guest—The Tree of Liberty: Its
|hty roots have struck too deep, and its no-
Ibranches spread too far, and too many patri
vrecline benea’h its glorious shadow, for it
r to be uproo'.'d by a few would-be great
i and disappointed politicians,
ty S. A. Wasson —tlon.R. B. Rhetl: The
a who would sell his father’s good name,
! pride or money, is not worthy to be trusted
rolities.
ty D. Hunt—Submission to the laws of a
üblican Government appears to be alike
ous to the Abolitionists of the North and
cessionists of the South —They should both
ve the U. States or cease attempting to excite
people to violate the good advice which the
[thcrofhis Country bequeathed, in his Fare*
sll Address.
C-ownpitflirc.
LETTERS FROM THE NORTE—NO. 20.
New Haven, Aug. 2, 1851.
Denr Doctor :—This is the one hundred and fifty
st anniversary of Yale College* Thursday was a
orious day for the Commencement. The Corpora
n, the Alumni and the Studeuts formed a very im
wing procession as they marched into the Centre
hurch. It was, indeed, a living stream of vivacious
ung manhood, bearing upon its undulating bosom
e merchandise of high hopes and lofty aspirations.
. more beautiful sight than an army of intellectual
jung men going up to receive their crowns of glory
om tin grateful hands of the great high Tricst of
;eir long-loved Alma Mater, connot be imagined by
te souVof man. llow far superior is such a glorious
jmpany of aspiring spirits, to the mighest army that
ver disgraced the earth with the muffled tread ot their
npious feet! As far superior to it as the redeemed
rmiesof Heaven are to the red coated Cohorts of Ilell.
‘he one goes like a golden cloud full of rain to water
he earth with a perennial plenty ; the other goes to
nako it reck in the precious blood of life! Wisdom is
he only Angel that will ever bring peace to the souls
•f men. Educate your children, and they will be
trothers; leave them ignorant, and they will be ene
uies. Crown them with this diadem of beauty, and
they will walk the earth as the true Sons of God
-/.cave them ignorant, and they will cover the earth, as
the waters eovejflhe Sea, with a besom of Hellfire!
How beautiful io the eves of men and Angels is a
well educated man ! He walks through the garden ot
•this world like Adam did w ith Eve in paradise. With
rthe beautiful white feet of a prophet, he goes up to the
Mountains of God, w here his rapt soul hears, entrant
|ed, the far-off coming of the Divine harmonies.
I went, on Wednesday evening, to hear the Oration
by Daniel Lord, of New York, and the Poem by.Al
frcd B. Street, of Albany, read before the members of
j the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Yale College. Tht
i Oration was well written, but very poorly delivered
Mr. Lord being wholly ignorant of the very first prin-
I ciplcs of elocution. That part of the Oration which
\ touched upon the hallowed ground of the Union, was
very hapily conceived. Many oilier passages were ve
ry creditable both to the heart and the head of th
author ; but were so badly delivered that I was almost
iuduced to exclaim —‘It is not good for us to be
here ”
The Toem was written after the inanner of Tope’*
Essay on Man —(a perfectly prosaic Theme,) and, 1
believe, was entitled The Pilgrim Fathers. The
Theme, itself, one would think, was enough to have
brought blood out of a turnip—or, ‘created a heart
tinder the very ribs of deathbut the truth is, it dirt
not only not do any thing the of kind, but failed in eve
ry thing —not even inspiring its author with the
shadow of an original idea. But this is not all. If
the Oration was badly read, what ought to be said oi
the reading of the Poem ? The least that is said tlu
better for the author. I have heard a good many poems
read in my life, but I may safely say that I never
heard one as badly read as that. I have read a good
many of Street's Poems, and, although I never formed
any high opinion of his merits as a Poet, yet I did an
ticipate a better treat than this. Instead of a eup of Am
brosia, such as Ganymede would, at any time, after a
moment's notice, bring to the gods—he merely present
ed us with a great white earthen dish—but not of the
Sevres China —filled with the white of an egg beaten
into the most attenuated gossamer froth. This is as
imar *he fact as I am, at this present moment, able to
give it. But this is not all. This man does not understand
his own mother tongue. If he did, lam certain he
would know how to read •, but iie has not the most
distant idea how any Poem ought to be read, lie pro
nounced the word Diamond —Di-am-ond—just as one
of tlie Students did the word Mausoleum—Mou-so
lcutn.
Mr. Street takes evident delight in following in the
wake of the Pope and Cow*per School —it never hav
ing entered into his head that Pope was no Poet. Plie
same may be said of his belief of Cowper. But it is
a fact—they were not Poets —any more than Mr.
Street is. Yes, they tccre greater Mr.
Street is, or ever will be ; but what I mean to say is
Mr. Street is no more of a Poet than they were.
The Poem was evidently formed after Pope’s trans
lation of the Iliads of Homer. Not that it was, in any
respect, equal to that remarkable work—remarkable
(hr its being no more like Ilomer than Mr. Pope was
hiiwself—but manifestly framed, in its rhythm and me
<tre, after that Poem. Then, the monotony of having
but one place in every line for his caesural pause, was
enough to ruin any Poem in the world. So much was
this the case, that after the first few lines, it became
nothing more or less than an absolute hbration, tip and
down—like a great Buzzard's wings—which somnoliz
ed the soul into a profound indifference with its eternal
see-saw. Any of the Students of Aulo would have
read the Poem better. I have often wondered why
young men at Colleges are not more fortunate in their
Themes. Any of these young men would have done
better with a different Theme. It appears to me that
all young men, or nearly all, arc entirely destitute of
taste , the Supreme Arbiter of beauty. Now, in a pub
lic discourse, nothing is so captivating to the audience
proper as a Theme which has beauty (nr its animating
spirit.- But all the various discourses of these young
gentlemen were totally deficient in this respect./*^
The Salutatory Oration, in Latin, by A. R. I tittle, of
New Port, R. I. was one of the best I ever heard. It
was delivered with great chasteness, devoid of affecta
tion. The voice, in the enunciation, was not only
modulated with considerable elocutionary skill, but the
speaker manifested a thorough knoweldge of the mean
ing of the words spoken. Many wry delightful paus
es were made in the speaking by Marctzeck’s Italian
hand from New York,
A selection from the ‘Crown Diamonds 1 of Auber,
crowned tho forenoon performance. The afternoon
performances, which commenced at 3 o'clock, were far
superior to those of the forenoon. Many of the young
gentlemen spoke with considerable elocutionary skill;
but I shall not now lengthen this letter by making any
comparisons. Suffice it to say that they all acquitted
themselves very honorably. President Woolscv held
bis Levee as usual, on the evening after the exercises.
A more imposing array of female beauty was never
seen In New Heaven before. The green, adorned as
it was—or as 1 may say, glorified by the beautiful
creatures which made a living Florida of the Elm-shad
ed Oasis, looked like Eden before the fall, w hen the
Ilea vtns and the earth were so much more together
than they are now, that the Angels came down to talk
with Adam at eventide.
Last evening, two of the graduates of the Law
School—-flic Messrs. Roberts, of Marietta Ga.— (both
friends nf mine)—came to hid me farewell. They
are now on their way to the South, w here 1 hope, frmi
bottom of my heart, they may realize all theiiv
•no*t sanguine anticipations. They are both gentle
of talents, and will not fail to have their hopes
n t.y n l4 . l v ,\e and yjhrdreflon ,*f the discerning
public. May th ey be happy not only here on earth,but
;n the world to come, ismy most sincere prayer.
1 he Bloomer Costume has suffered quite au eutha
nasia in this city—only one or two young girls having
had impudence enough to appear in it. But wondets
wdl never cease. In proof of which I will merely men
tion lu re, that I saw a young ludy [?] on the Tontine
Hotel steps this morning, call a little white feminine
dog—up from the street, and without any ceremony ,
stoop down and Kiss, and re-kiss it, with an audacious
gusto which would have done honor to the hungriest
Buzzard that ever fed on carrion. After she had fin
ished her delicious repast —no doubt as sweet to bet
as Nectar to the Gods—she deliberately lifted herself
up, and, looking 111 c full in the face, with a most be
witching smile, asked me if I loved dogs. After
quoting to myself, De gustibus non est disputandum,
I replied—‘No ! I ne\Vr liked but one dog in my life,
and he went to Heaven fifteen years ago!’ ‘ Oh !my /’
exclaimed she, ‘ichat a rodfantic man you are !'—
This is the lady[?[ w ho, if few moments before, had
been denouncing the Sou/iern ladies as ‘Tyrants, for
their inhumanity to their slaves.’ This no doubt, be
cause there is, at this moment, boarding hue, a young
lady from the South, of rare charms, who monopoliz
es all the attention of the gentlemen. I would advise
all the ladies of the South, henceforth and forever, to
be more cautious how tln-y l whip their slaves until
they are unable to stand.’
But is it not the most astounding thing in the world
how the people, here at the North, know more about
those at the South than they do about themselves ? I
think it is. The Rev. Horace Buslmeli, whoso work
entitled, God in Christ , has excited so much attention
in the ‘ Theological World’ for the last year or two, on
account of its innovations on tbe established forms of
the Old Church Doctrine , lectured before the Bethce
ven Society on last Monday evening, on the Music of
Naturc ) I believe—as I did not hear him.
It is now New Moon. With what pathetic tender
ness does that beautiful Lady of Light, now sitting in
silence on the hills of Heaven, look down through the
azure veil of night upon the slumbrous quietude of this
Edenic little city ! She seems now, with patient vigils,
to watch over her, as she nestles here upon this level
plain beside the sea like a flock of milk white Swans
clustering, side by side, on the ynosotn of a verdant
Meadow, with all the untiring tytiderness of a mother
over her own children. Esto perpetua.
T. 11. C.
For the Georgia Citizen.
Reply to \o. 3, of Southron.
“ If you have good and sufficient reason to drive
the negro from competition, in like manner other
occupations, impelled by the same good and suffi
cient reasons, would do likewise; for it is a rea
sonable presumption, that they have qui'.e as great
a desire of self elevation as yourselves. It is then
only doing justice to your judgment and profes
sion, to say you would all exercise it ; which would
ne, emancipation and abolitionism reduced to PRAC
TICE.’— Extract from Southron's third Communi
cation.
The wilful unfairness of ‘Southron,’ in making posi
tions for the Mechanics of Georgia, which are not sus
tained by truth, by the records of the Convention, by
common sense, or honesty, shall not avail him. llis
arguments in the above extract, amount to something
or nothing. If any thing, then let us give them a legiti
mate application. There is no ‘negro competition’
among the lawyers,schoolmasters, publishers, an.l many
other classes of society, and according to ‘Southron's’
style oj argument’ all classes in which there is no
negro competition,’ now exemplify ‘emancipation and
abolitionism reduced to practice.’ The Legislature
in 1845, by prohibiting negro ‘mechanics and masons’
from nnvkihg contracts for work, in these branches, ac
cording to ‘Southron,’ was likewise exemplifying eman
cipation and abolition principles! The law prohibit
ing negroes from being employed as type setters, or
apothecaries, according to this ‘Southron’ Solon, was
reducing to practice, emancipation and abolitionism !
Away with such hurdle of precipitate nonsense—such
errors of the head and heart as ‘Ssuthron’ gives coun
tenance to. llis motives, principles, or notions, are
moral treason to the State. If he is not an emancipa
tionist or abolitionist t chy dors he object to taking
away the ‘first step in the progress of emancipation’
and making negroes ‘half free ?’ If ‘Southron’ did not
know that the policy of the mechanics was to fix, upon
a permanent and safo foundation, the institution of
slavery, why has he suggested to and invited all class
es of laboring people in the State to protest against
negro competition in their several employments ?
‘Southron's’ cloven foot appears, however artful he may
attempt to conceal it.
‘Southron’ proposes to the mechanics a system ? It is
to petition the Legislature to exempt one negrohom sale
undei jexecution! We thank him for mere form’s sake, in
his consideration, hut we are quite competent to manage
our own affairs,’ and we may further assure him that
we are not disposed to take counsel from one who is
in favor of the I first step in the progress of emancipa
tion !’ We will not approach the Legislature, upon
any question growing out of slavery, or negro me
chanics.
The second point ii> ‘S uthron’s system* is, his ad
vice to mechanics to ‘expend some of their means, in
the purchase of negroes, and teach them the Mechan
ic Arts,’ which Gov. Hammond says would be ‘the
first step in the progress of emancipation.’ South
ron wants anew crop of Crafts’, Shadracks’, Long's,
and Sims’, or anew army of ‘half freed’ negroes crea
ted in Georgia. He is suedi a man as Tappan or Gid
dings would follow. If such is the consummation so
devoutely to be wished for by him, he can find no en
couragement among th# mechanics of Georgia, no mat
ter how much their motives may be misrepresented or
reviled.
The course of ‘Southron,’ may suggest, perhaps,
the fact, that lie is prompted by selfish considerations—
lie may be the owner of negro mechanics, and fears
that public opinion, if not public law, will ero long
force him to so employ his negroes as not to endanger
tile public safefety or hazard the institution of slavery.
He calls to all, similarly situated, to ‘help me Cassius,
or I sink. Perish public safety —but let us hold on
to our negro mechanics, and if that fabric falls, then
down with the whole institution.’ This is the plain
English of Southron's remarks, if there is either sense
honesty or English in it. Ho will live to realize other
opinions and expectations.
‘Southron’ says ‘if the mechanics have good and suf
ficient reason to drive the negro from competition,’
&c. until this writer can show where the mechanics
have attempted to drive the negro from competition,
he will bo regarded as a vile slanderer. In a few
words, Southron lias not, with scarce a single excep
tion, honestly presented any position entertained by
the mechanics of Georgia, and he knows it.
As I head this article with the most pointed portion
of Southron’s third article, I think it very appropos to
close it with an extract from that notorious abolition
sheet, the New York ‘Tribune.’ Both are in spirit and
substance the same. ‘Like likes like,’ is one of the
physical laws, and we often see it demonstrated in
morals. The Tribune says:
“We fail utterly to perceive tlie justice,
equity and pure principles of republicanism in
banishing slaves from mechanical . ursuits alone.
There is no reason why the mechanics should
claim this aristocratic privilege, any more than
farmers or day laborers. All work is respect
able, and no higher esteem is due the car
penter at his bench than the farmer at his plow
tail. If slaves are to he excluded from the
vice and the sledge-hammer, they ought quite
as much to be interdicted the use of the spade
and ?cvthc.”
When ultra abolitionists are opposed to the move
ments of the mechanics, we are not so much sur
prised, for they know that teaching negroes the me
chanic arts, is the [first step in the progress of eman
cipationbut when such men as Southron assume an
opposite position, in contravention of the multitude of
facts which are apparent in all directions around us,
we arc at a loss to account for their opinions, unless
vve impute it to interest or ignorance , or to a desire
to reduce to practice the principles of emancipation
and abolition, by sustaining the ‘first steps’ which un
erringly conduce to those ends. *
‘Southron’ harps and harps and harps again about
an application to the Legislature, to prohibit negroes
from working as mechanics ! He Hows that the me-
Janice contemplate no ruck thing, end yet he ‘makes
it the burthen of his song. The propriety and expe
diency of continuing negroes in the mechanic arts are
questions upon which mechanics entertain and have
expressed their own views, but the alteration or con
tiuuance of this policy is left to public opinion alone-
Lot it not be understood that the mechanics are in.
truding their opinions betore the people. They parry
blows, but are not in the field ‘hunting up fights.’ The
very words of their acts as well as the acts them
selves, have been publiihcd through the length and
breadth of the State. If any or all of their positions
can be honestly assailed and demolished, let them so —
if they are not defensible, and possess enough intrinsic
truth to sustain them, they deserve to fall. But when
piratical marauders assail them, they will find mechan
ics able and willing to bear their flag in triumph
through the conflict, or at least be found trying to do so.
So far as negro mechanics or negro competition is
concerned, the writer of this, is beyond their reach.
The laws of Georgia prohibit their employment in
my trade. lam not influenced by any motive of in
terest or fear of degradation in my pursuit or calling.
In opposing the policy o f employing negroes in the me
chanic arts, I am in a great measure, actuated by what
I am satisfied is an evil to the institution of slavery—
a Trojan horse in our midst, armed with elements cal
culated to impair the safety and stability, if not jeopard
ize the existence of the institution itself. The South is
my home, and in its sunny land my eyes first beheld
the Heavens above and the earth beneath—lean know
no feeling that is not Southern, and there can be no
Southern interest that I am not prepared and willing at
all times to sustain and defend. I feel a Southern pride
in every measure calculated to render slavery secure,
permanent and valuable—l look forward with high
hope to the glorious time when Georgia and the South
will be liberated from their thraldom to Not them capital
and labor—and I entertain a well founded hope that
the mechanic arts, so long decided and condemned at
the South, will take a position calculated to merit and
command ‘a liberal share of patronage’ and a propor
tionable share of respectability—this ‘good time is com
ing,’ and although enemies may revile, they have not
the power to stay its progress.
‘Upward and onward and still snward,’ is the me
chanic's motto. In their Lexicon there is no such
word as fail.’ The mechanics will attempt to elevate
their pursuits, and sustain the institution of Slavery,
and therefore all humbuggers, brow-beaters, and
‘Southron’ advisers, may croak and defame, and in
herit their labor for their reward.
OLD HAND SAW.
LETTER FROM ALBANY.
Albany, July2Sth, 1851.
Editor Citizen :—The Albany Patriot came out,
yesterday evening, and in an article headed “Toadies
on Cobb” appears the following sentence: “It is noto
rious that Mr. Cobb lost more votes than he gained by
the discussion in this county.” J e-r-u-s-a-l-e-m 1
W here did the Colonel get his information? The friends
of Mr. Cobb have heard of several who intend support
ing him, who had not made up their minds to do so,
until they heard him define his position, but not one
that he has lost. Particular enquiry has been institu
ted to-day, to find out who the individuals are, but they
cannot be named. Now Webster defines “notorious”
to be anything “publicly known,’’ and if anything may
be “publicly known” and not known by the public,
then Col. Tift may have told the truth. Will the gen
tlemen name sonic of those individuals in his next ?
ALBANY.
Extract of a Letter
Dated, Cutiibert, Aug* 9, 1351.
Dr. Andrews Our prospects in Randolph for the
ensuing election are very fine. Wo mean to give Cobb
and Johnson 250 majority.
Our County nomination came off - to-day, and result
ed in the choice of Dr. B. 11. Perkins and B. II Rice
Ksq. for the House of Represent! tives of the State Leg
islature.
Nineteenth Senatorial Convention.
The delegates chosen by the various Districts of the
counties of Dooly and Sumter, to select a candidate of
the Constitutional Union party to represent the 19th
Senatorial District in the next Legislature, met this
day at Drayton ; James S. Beall, Esq. Chairman, and
Henry Iv. McCay, Secretary.
After calling the roll, the Chair announced that the
Convention was ready to proceed with the business.
Mr. P. Adams then announced the name of Dr.
Jared Tomlinson, of the county of Sumter. No
otl'.er name was announced, and on motion the Conven
tion proceeded to ballot.
On counting out the ballots, it appeared that Dr. J.
Tomlinson bad received twenty-five votes—and was
therefore nominated as the candidate of the Conven
tion,
On motion of Mr. Adams, the Convention then adop
ted the following resolutions:
Resolved, That we pledge ourselves to support the
nominee of this Convention with the energy and zeal
which the patriotism of our cause and the great interests
at stako require at our hands.
Resolved , That we receive and adopt the “Georgia
Platform’’ as the creed of our political faith ; and that
we hail the nomination of the Hon. HOWELL COBB,
as the exponent of that faith, with joy, and that we
pledge ourselves to give him our earnest and heart.f
support.
Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed
to inform Dr. Tomlinson of his nomination, and re
quest his acceptance.
The Chair appointed Mr. P. Adams, Henry K. Mc-
Cay, Esq. and Mr. James Salter, as the committee
under the resolution.
On motion, it was Resolved That the proceedings
of this Convention be published in the Journal and
Messenger, Georgia Citizen, and Southwest Geor
gian.
The Convention then adjourned.
S. BEALL, Ch'n.
Henry K. McCay, Soc’y.
Dr. Tomliason’s Acceptance.
Americas, Aug. sth, 1851.
Gentlemen : Yours of this date, informing me of
my nomination by the Constitutional Union party as a
candidate for Senator in the District composed of the
counties of Dooly and Sumter, and requesting my ac
ceptance, has been received.
1 accept the nomination with pleasure ; and in doing
■o, permit me to say, that I am a Union man to my
heart's core—that I am satisfied with the government
of my fathers, and have no wish to change it ; and
that if I am elected, you my rest assured that the fac
tion now engaged in an attempt to subvert this glorious
Union shall receive from me neither “aid nor comfort.”
JARED TOMLINSON.
Messrs. P. Adams, Henry K. McCay, Jas. Smith,
Committee. I
Uuion Meeting in Monroe.
At a meeting of the Constitu'vnal Union party of
Monroe county, held in Forsyth o. first Tuesday in
August, for the purpose a Representa
tive ticket for the ensuing Legislature, <£On motion, the
Rev. T. D. Oxford was called to the C.* ir, and P. S.
Holt requested to net as Secretary.
It was Resolved, that the delegates vote by ballot.
Y\ hereupon, Col. I’. Trippe, and John L. Woodard,
Esq. received the nomination. The Convention unan
imously Resolved, to r ive them their support, and use
all honorable means to secure their election. John R.
Simmons, Moses Dumas and William 11. Walker, Esqs.
were appointed a Committee to notify them of their
nomination,
On motion Resolved, That the proceedings of the
meeting be published in the Journal cj- Messenger ,
and Georgia Citizen, of Macon.
The Convention then adjourned.
August sth, 1851..
u T. D. Oxford, Chairman.
P. S. II jlt, Sect’y.
the Georgia Citizen.
“Straws show how the Wind blows.”
We understand that the Southern Rights Candidate
for the House of Representatives in Pulaski county,
lately gave notice, that he would visit the people atone
of the Court grounds in the county, where the old Dem
ocratic party had a majority of seventy or eighty.-
Quite a respectable number of people assembled and
Col. Mitchell the Clerk of the Court, a Union Demo
crat, made a speech, after which it was proposed to take
the sense of the meeting, which being done Rieves, the
l nion Candidate received every vote in the crowd ex
cept two. This is only one out of many cases of the
kind that I could give from most reliable authority in
relation to the determination of the people to uphold the
law and preserve the Union. The Southern Rights
men are making desperate efforts to carry the coun
try, but wo shall give them a worse beating than we
did last November. GUM SWAMP.
iniou Meeting in Stewart.
A Convention of the Constitutional Union Party,
composed of delegates from the different Districts of
the county of Stewart, assembled Aug. sth, in the
Court House, for the purpose of nominating caudieatcs
to represent the county in the representative branch of
the next Legislature of Georgia.
On motion of Darnel Mathison, Judge John “W. F.
Lowry was called to the Chair, and John Cox to act as
Secretary.
On motion of Gordon Hadden, the Convention pro
ceeded to ballot for candidates.
Upon counting the ballots, JOHN WILLIFORD
.and J A MLS M. CLARKE, wero found each to have
a majority of all the votes polled, and wore declared
the nominees of the party.
On motion of Daniel Mathison,
Resolved , That we fully and cheerfully approve of
the nomination of the Hon. HOWELL COBB for
Governor of the State of Georgia, and of James John
son to represent the Second Congressional District in
the next Congress.
On motion, a committee of three, consisting of
Messrs. Hitchcock, Sears and Mite were appointed
to wait on Messrs. Clako and W ; 7 rd to notify them
of tlieir nomination, and request® 1 eir’accepSance.
The committee introduced Col. Ciarko, w ho earnest
ly addressed the convention, accepting the nomination
in a speech of great force and brilliancy.
Mr. Williford was then introduced, who, in hand
some terms, accepted tho nomination.
On motion of John Griggs.
Resolved , ['hat the Columbus Enquirer , Journal
cj- Messenger and Georgia Citizen , be furnished cop
ies of the proceedings of this convention for publica
tion.
On motion, tho Convention adjourned, sine die.
J.W.F LOWRY, Ch’n.
J. M. Cox, Sec*}-
Baker Union Club.
Albany, Ga. Aug. 1851.
The Committee appointed for the purpose of taking
into consideration the propriety of organizing a Union
Club in this place, by leave, respectfully to sub
mit tho following
REPORT.
They have maturely considered the subject referred
to them, and after freely interchanging opinions, have
come to the conclusion, that such an organization if
not wholly unnecessary, would at least, be of doubtful
oxpedieney. And in support of this assertion they sub
mit the following reasons:
All secret organizations for political purposes are
generally gotten up by the advocates of a bad cause,
for tho purpose of deceiving the honest and unsuspect
ing citizens, who either have not the time, or do not
take the trouble to investigate for themselves. Wo be
lieve them to be injurious in their very nature and ten
dency because they inevitably lead to a high state of
political excitement, changing quiet and sober citizens
into the most violent partizans, and so enlisting their
feelings in behalf of any political movement, however
dangerous in its tendency it may be, as to prevent them
from formingan unprejudiced opinion on questions which
may effect the very vitality of our eA.stence as a free
and independent people. The Union party of Georgia
need the assistance of no organization of the kind to in
sure them a triumph in the approaching cause—plant
ing themselves upon the broad platform of the Constitu
tion, with the gallant Cobb for their Standard Bearer,
and that standard the stars and of this glorious
Confederacy, they arf;. 0 of victory, as
though like Constantin*? ‘ * ‘Hthey saw an omen of
success inscribed with a* lj ‘ n V*. in the heavens.
We know that will use every artifice
to deceive the people—to enlist them upon the side of
Mr. McDonald in opposition to Mr. Cobb ; but we be
lieve that they have too much intelligence—that their
attachment to tho Union is too strong and abiding to
bo deceived by their shallow devices, for between the
Ex-Fresidcnt of the Nashville Convention—tho friend
and ally of the South Carolina Secessionists—the man
who is supported by the open and avowed disunionists
of Georgia, and the good and true Union man—the
man us to whose position there can bo no doubt in the
public mind ; be who has battled through thick and
thin on the side of Union and the Constitution, they
will not be long in making choice in favor of the latter.
Therefore Resolved, That we the Whigs and Demo
crats of Baker, will lay aside all past differences— -that
we will sacrifice all party feelings upon the altar of our
common country, and that we will use all laudable and
honorable incans in our power out of any club or asso
ciation whatever, to secure the election of the Hon.
Howell Cobb to the Gubernatorial Chair of Georgia.
Resolved , That we cannot agree to the doctiine as
set forth by the District Convention of the Southern
Rights party, which assembled in this city on Monday
the 14th iust. to the effect, “that if the State of Georgia
may exercise the right of resistance in the defence of her
honor, her safety or domestic tranquility, she may ex
ercise it in any case whatever.’’
Resolved , That we hold such doctrine to be revo
lutionary in its tendency, and that it is only set forth as
a trap to catch the unwary, and to prepare the public
mind for the reception of (as we believe) the true doc
trines of said party, secession or dissolution.
Resolved , That the doctrines as set forth in the 6th
resolution as adopted by that Convention, arc equally
dangerous and revolutionary. We quote the language
as follows : “Still, as Georgia, to whom we owe our
allegiance has in her highest sovereign capacity decided
that those measures did not constitute a sufficient cause
tojustify secession, unless the North should fail in the
“faithful exercise of the fugitive slave law” nnd though
not wholly approving, she would nevertheless, abids
by the scries of which they made a part, “as a perma
nent adjustment of this sectional controversy We
in duty bound , make no resistance by force or violence
to the decision , so long as it remains the unchanged
will oj the sovereig State to which we acknowledge
our allegiance to be due .”
Resolved , That the State has made no such decision
as that set forth in the resolution just quoted—but that
she did decide, that she would abide by tho Compro
mise measures as a permanent settlement of this section
al controversy, so long as those measures should stand
unrepeuled upon the Statute Book , and so long as
the General Government shall carry out in good faith
the “fugitive slave law,'’ and by that decision we are
willing to abide whether the ‘Southern Rights’ or disun
ion party succeed in changing “ the sovereign will of
tho Slate to which we owe our allegiance to be due,’’
or not.
Resolved , That tho State of Georgia in calling on
her people to acquiesce in the Compromise measures,
does not ask them to submit to degradation.
S. r>. IRWIN, A
S. B. WEBB,
.T. FLA YEN, | Committee.
P. J. STROZIER, j
J. J. MAYO. J
I nion illeeting* in Jones.
There will be a meeting of the Union party
of Jones and Twiggs counties on next Wednes
day, the 20th inst, at Mountain Spring, Jones
county, (on the Central Railroad twelve miles
below Macon), for the purpose of nominating a
I nion candidate for the Senate, from the Dis
trict of Jones and Twiggs, and to consult togeth
er upon other matters of interest to the cause.
It is expected that there will bo several speakers
present, to address the assembly. Union men,
rally 1
A learned German astrologer is said to have
ascertained that in twenty.two millions of
years this ,earth will be destroyed by a comet.-rv
Who cares? ‘ v 1
THE GEOB6IA CITIZEN.
L. F. W. ANDREWS, EDITOR.
MACON, GEO. AUG. 16, 1851.
UNION NOMINATION,
FOR GOVERNOR,
HON. HOWELL COBB,
OF CLARKE.
UNION CONGRESSIONAL CANDIDATES.
FIRST DISTRICT.
CHARLES H. HOPKINS,
OF M’iNTOSH.
SECOND DISTRICT.
JAMES JOHNSON,
OF MUSCOGEE.
THIRD DISTRICT.
ABSALOM 11. CHAPPELL,
OF 8188.
FOURTH DISTICT.
CHARLES MURPHY,
7 t
OF DE KALB.
FIFTH DISTRICT.
E. W. CHASTAIN,
OF GILMER.
SIXTH DISTRICT
JUNIUS HILLYER,
OF WALTON.
SEVENTH DISTRICT
lION. A. H. STEPHENS,
OF TALLIAFERIIO.
EIGHTH DISTRICT.
ROBERT TOOMBS,
OF WILKES.
Union Senatorial Nominations.
Districts. Counties. Nominees.
6th. Montgomery and Appling, John Mcßae,
10th. Lauren* and Wilkinson, James Ross,
16th. Harris and Troup, David Read,
17th. Houston and Pulaski, Hugh Lawson,
26th. Monroe and Bibb, S. W. Burney,
32nd. Butts and Pike, N. B. Johnson,
40th. Cass and Paulding, Lewis Tumlin,
41st. Cherokee and Cobb, M. G. Slaughter,
19th. Sumpter and Dooly, Dr. J .Tomlinson
3d Mclntosh and Glynn, R Spaulding
7th Bulloch and Scriven, Peter Cone,
Bth Bryan and Effingham, J L McAllister.
9th Burke and Jefferson, P B Connelly.
11th Telfair and Irwin, Geo. Wilcox.
12th Decatur and Thomas, J P Dickinson.
13th Early and Randolph, R L Wolfe.
15th Lee and Baker, R Rieves.
18th Talbot and Merriwelher, WN L Crocker.
34th Greene and Morgan, N G Foster.
35th Wilkes and Lincoln, B B Moore.
31 st Fayette and DeKalb, J M Calhoun.
47th Floyd and Chatooga, J Waters.
14th Muscogee and Stewart, Samuel Flournoy,
44th. Lumpkin and Union, John Butt.
UNION MEN TO TIIE RESUIE !
The members of the Constitutional Union Party of
Bibb county and all who arc devoted to the Union of
the States and the sovereignty of the States as recog
nized and maintained by the State Convention in 1850
are requested to meet .at the Court House in Macon at
11 o’clock, on the Ist Tuesday in September, for the
purpose of nominating two candidates for the Repres
entative branch of the next Legislature. A full atten
dance is requested.
RliniorSi— lt is whispered about the streets,
that a brace of redoubtable Colonels are to be
the Disunion candidates, in Bibb county, for the
lower house of the Legislature ! One of these
has given up the tape and bobbin business, for
the present, and may be seen busy about the
corners and in crowds, trying to ingratiate him
self, in advance, with the sovereign voters!
The other was ‘‘Hale fellow well met’’ with an
abolition Senator from New Hampshire, who
happened this way, a few months ago! They
are both, active, untiring fire eaters, and should
they receive the nomination of their party, will
give the Union candidates a desperate race.
We say to our Union friends, beware of the
syren whisperings of these restless politicians.
Do not commit yourselves to their support, be
fore you are aware of the object of the extra
smiles and very courteous attentions, which
they are now lavishing upon the “dear people. ’’
In the present contest, principles are every thing
—men are nothing, save only as exponents of
sound views and doctrines. Let the true issue
then be kept in view. It is that of Union and
Disunion— the present confederacy of States,
under the glorious banner of the “ stars and
stripes,*’ or a “ Southern Confederacy’’ under
the odious flag of a Palmetto Cabbage plant,
with a Rattlesnake coiled around its stalk !
What patriot, what sensible man would not
choose the former in preference to the latter 1
A Great Want.— lt is a matter of general
complaint that the capitalists of Macon do not
provide for the constant increase of population
in this city, by building suitable tenements for
the emergency. At this time, probably one hun
dred dwellings, of moderate size and conven
ience, would lind occupants if they were to be
had, at twenty per cent on their cost. This will
pay a good profit to the capitalist and aid much
in advancing the interests of the city, by con
centrating business within our limits. The want
of suitable tenements should therefore be sup
plied as soon as possible, and to an extent com
mensurate with the demand.
Tho Right of Secession.
Who disputes the abstract right of secession
or any other revolutionary scheme, to throw off
tyranny ? No one but a craven ora monarch
ist. In fact we have many rights, substantial
and tangible rights, which are of little practical
utility, even were they exercised. A man has a
right to cut off - his big too to get rid of a trou
blesome corn. lie has the right to amputate a
limb because there is a pimple on it. He has
the right to burn up his property provided he
injures no one else by it. He has the right to
flay alive a wild panther or play with a mad
dog. He has the right to sleep with a small
pox patient and make his bed in a den of rattle
snakes. But will he be disposed to insist upon
such rights, if any one should deny them ? That
is the question !
So with the political right of secession or
revolution in extreme cases, for they are identi
cally the 9arne. We may safely concede, yea,
olaim snoh a right, but are we, as rational be
ings, {is sensible men and as patriots, willing to
cut our own throats for the sake of maintaining
that which can never be of any practical bene
fit, simply because some crazy fool may dispute
our claim to it ?
Well reader, that is precisely the position of
the Fire Eaters. They are just now clamorous
as wolves for the right-oi secession, which they
would be the last men to exercise, were it in
their power to do so. Oh ! McDonaldism, thy
name is the synonyms of cheat,fraud and decep
tion! Thy issues are false and thy motives are
dishonest!
Irishmen—Be not Deceived.
We feel bound to warn our adopted Irish
fellow-citizens against an insidious and falla
cious article in the last Telegraph, over the
signature of “Michael,’’ purporting to be writ
ten by a “native of the Emerald Isle.’’ This is
probably a fact as there are certain ear-marks
on the bantling of “Michael” which betrays its
paternity almost beyond dispute. We can put
our finger upon the man without danger of mis
take.
The object of the writer seems to be, to
prejudice Irishmen against the General Govern
ment, by comparing the situation of the South
ern States, prospectively, with that of Ireland of
the past and present, under its Union with the
English Government! He says that “the South
ern States MAT IN FUTURE occupy the
same relation to the Federal Government that
poor degraded Ireland now does to the British
Government,” and calls upon his countrymen,
therefore, to profit by the lessons they have
thus learned, and to aid now in preventing so
great a prospective calamity!! Such is the sub
stance of “Michael's” dream , but it is nothing
but a dream, and of a distempered brain, at
that!
There is, in truth, no parallel whatever, be
tween tho two cases, except in the rallying cry,
the “ Repeal of the Union.'’ Southern Disor
ganizes and Fillibusters have raised, without
cause, the same cry, substantially, as the down
trodden Irish have vainly raised, for good
cause ! That is the radical difference between
the two. Tlie South has lost none of her original
equality in the Confederacy. She is not unrepre
sented in the Congress of the nation. She is
not down-trodden and oppressed by the Gov
ernment of the United States. A bloated
Landlord nobility, from the North, do not grind
her to the dust and impoverish her people by
exactions. On the contrary, she is a specially
blessed portion of the great confederacy of
States. She is rich, powerful and prosperous,
and is likely to remain so, but for the traitorous
schemes of ambitious and unprincipled pol
iticians. Want and suffering are almost un
known in all her borders, and the evils under
which she labors are scarcely worth a thought,
in comparison to the infinite value of the Union
to all her people. Let not Irishmen, then, be de
luded with the idea of a similarity between the
condition of the South and of Ireland, to join
the cohorts of Southern Fire Eaters, in crying
out “disunion,'’ “repeal of the Union,” &c., for
imaginary grievances—for grievances which are
yet in th o far distant future of time, even in the
dreaming hallucinations of an imaginative
youth, like “Michael!’’ Let them, on the con
trary, remember that the United States Gov
ernment has opened wide her portals to the op
pressed of Erin, and has extended a hearty wel
come to them to participate in the privileges
and blessings of a free government. Let them
also not forget that to the General Government
they are bound, not only by obligations of nat
uralization, but by the greater obligations of
gratitude and patriotic affection, to stand by
her interests and her honor, at all hazards
against foes without and traitors within ! This
duty we believe they will perform, despite the
evil prognostications of designing men who ap
proach them under the seductive garb of friend
ship and under the professed title of “ native*
of the Emerald Isle.” But this duty they nev
er can perform, by affiliating with Southern
Disunionists, or voting for Southern “ Repeal
ers”! Let them reflect upon these things and
with indignant scorn say “get behind me, Sat
an” to every emissary of discord who may at
tempt to seduce them from their sworn alle
giance to the best, freest, and most glorious
government upon earth!
The Latest Reason !—The Federal Ruin,
under the present dynasty of Boughton, <fc Cos.
says “if Cobb is a Democrat, why did he op
pose Gov. McDonald who was already before
the people ? lie is a staunch defender of the
good old faith. * * * lie, unlike
Mr. Cobb, has never raised a paricidal hand
against the party that honored him,’’ <fcc. This
we look upon as the coolest piece of impudence
we have seen during the dog days. Mr. Cobb
is no Demecrat because opposed to McDonald
who was “ already* before the people.’’ llow
long, pray, was McDonald before the people
whet Mr. Cobb war nominated ? Not more
than a week if we recollect aright, and then by
his Convention being smuggled in before the
meeting of the Cobb Convention which was
first appointed. McDonald, too, is a “staunch
defender of the good old faith, and never raised
a parricidal hand against his party.’’ He is,
is he ? Well, we think he took a poor wav of
showing it when he repudiated the yood old
Jackson Union Democracy of Georgia, and their
principles, and became a conspirator among
nulliliers and plotters among avowed Disunion
ists! If the “good old faith’’ has not been
throttled to death by Charles J. McDonald and
his disciples, it is not because they have not
done their prettiest to accomplish the parricidal
tragedy. Out upon such “ honest democrats'’
say we. They are not worth the powder that
would kill them! x
Educated Slaves. —A correspondent calls
our attention to the fact that a very large num
ber of the Georgia slaves can read and write,
and asks if it would not be a safe thing to expel
all such from the State! Ue had better put that
question to Dr. “Southron,” whose ideas of the
elevcation of the negro are more profound than
ours. “Southron’’ goes in for the instruction of
slaves in the Mechanic arts, and for the mar
riage of Miss Phillis to Mr. Cuffee, in white folks’
style, and why not teach them to write and read,
to better qualify them for the social position he
designs them! Go to, M v Correspondent. You
are behind the age whe ef you talk about keep
ing negroes in an unlette ( )|jd and ignorant state,
while strenuous efforts Me being made to ac
complish them in science"art., and mechanism.
Beats them all -A member of the Lazy socie
ty, in Lowell, feeling a fly alig’H on his jolly red nose,
instead of brushing it off, petitioned to Congress to have
the insect removed.--iVers.
The Lazy Fire-Eating club of Macon are preparing
to secede from tbe Union, because Mr. Fillmore won't
remove that Northern Blue Bottle from a Southern red
nose!
That’s a Fact.— Tho Greenville S. C. Patriot
puts forth the following truth concerning tho Northern
Fanatics, and the Southern Secessionists :
“It is only by the division of the South, that the
Northern abolitionists can hope to be successful. Nev
er did two opposing factions play 80 successfully into
each other’s hands, as the Northern fanatics and the
Southern secessionists have dono. But this is not so
remarkable when we consider THAT THE OB
JECT OF BOTH IS TIIE SAME—DISUNION.
And the labors of both, if successful, will accomplish
that which the one desires, and the other dreads above
all things —th6 abolition of slavery in South Carolina.
The agitation of the abolitionists, at the North, tends
to strengthen the cause of secession at the South ; and
separate action, on the part of the secession ists, embol
dens and gives strength to the cause of abolition by di
viding and weakening the opposition of the South. °
More Troops.—Major Ridgoley, Lietr
Mack, and Company C of the 4th Regiment of
U, S. Artillery, consisting of forty-nine men,
arrived here yesterday morning, from Fort
Johnson near Smithville, N. C M in the Govern
or Dudley, from Wilmington.—Charleston
Courier.
Election Returns.
Alabama—The secessionists have met with a.
Waterloo defeat in this gallant State. Fire Union
member sos Congres, t > two Dhunio.its have been re
turned, besides a large majority of Union men in both
branches of the Legislature. This is reliable informa
tion, notwithstanding the Telegraph and Savannah
News report a different result. Collier, the Governor
re-elected is also an anti-Southern Congress and anti
secession man to whom there was no opposition.
Tennessee.— lt is given npthat Campbell, the Com
promise Union Whig candidate, is elected by two or
three thousand, over Gen. Trousdale, Disunion Demo
crat. The friends of the Union will also have the as
cendancy in the Legislature.
North Carolina.— The Union Ticket has general
ly prevailed in this State. Outlaw (Union Dom.) is
elected in the9th District. The latest advices report
that Stanly [Union Whig] has succeeded in the 7th,
but this lacks confirmation.
Kentucky. The latest telegraphic despatches stato
that Powell, the Democratic candidate for Governor
is elected. The Congressional delegation stands 5’
Deinocrata and 4 Whigs, and one Independent Whig
Indiana.— The Congressional elections have result
ed in the return of 8 Democrats and 2 Whig*. The
Legislature is Democratic.
Some good will come of 11.
The Blufton chivalry seem, by their mad secession’
schemes, to have waked up the people of the upper Dis
tricts of South Carolina, to a feeling sense of their po
litical degradation and subserviency to the seaboard
aristocracy of that Commonwealth, for more than half
a century past. \\ e judge so, from the fact that a move
ment is now on foot in Greenville, to bring about an.
important change in the Constitution of South Caroli
na, as to the election of Governor. Presidential Elec
tors, <£rc. provided a Convention be held ! The follow
ing Instructions are circulating in that district for sig
natures :
“ xvp : undersigned, Voters in the District of
Greenville, do hereby instruct onr Senator and>
Representatives in the State Legislature to vote
against the assembling of the Slate Convention.
We likewise instruct oar Delegates to the said/
Convention (should it be convened) to vote against
.Secession, and in case the Convention should de
termine to secede from the Federal Union, then
to vote that the said Act of Secession be submitted
to the people of South Carolina tor ratitication or
rejection.
And v e do further instruct our .Members of the
Convention to exert their influence (in case it
should assemble) to procure an alteration in the
Basis ot Representation in South Carolina, so as
to equalize the same between the upper and lower
country.
Also, to procure an alteration in the State Con
stitution, so as to give the Election of Governor to
the People ol the State, and to require the Elec
tion of Electors of President and Vice President
in South Carolina to he made by the People sn
stead of the Legislature.”
The inequality of Representation in South Carolina
by which all poser is thrown into the hands of a lordly
minority, has long been a sore grievance to the majori
ty, but for which grievance they had no remedy, save
an alteration of the Constitution, from which they have
been debarred, by the political Legislative will of the
parishes. Some twenty of these parishes, having a
population of only 47,457 persons out of a State popu
lation of 253,787, have a majority of on# in the Senate.
One sixth of the Slate thus rules five sixths, and have
so ruled for years.
In the House of Representatives there are 124 mem
bers. The Districts of Pendleton, Edgefield, Spartan
burg, Barnwell, Greenville, Abbeville, Laurens, Ma
rion, Union and York, having a population of 1 4-1,-
356 persons, (more than half of the whole population of
the State.) have only ten Senators and forty five Rep
resentatives—that is, a majority of the people of South
Carolina are graciously permitted by their Sea Island
Cotton Lords to have one-fourth of the Senators and
about one-third of the Representatives in the legisla
ture ! This is Democratic Republican South Caro
lina in 1851, par excellence , —the aristocrats and Ja
cobins of which State the Fire-eaters of Georgia now
wish us to follow, in their mad schemes to overthrow
the Union !
loshow our readers what the people of the upper
Districts think of this inequality of representation, we
make several extracts from the Greenville Patriot,
with the simple remark, that, in ail probability, if a
Convention is held in that Suite, the ‘rotten borough’
system that now prevails there, will be overthrown by
the majority of the people, and with it, the power of the
present Parish Oligarchy to do mischief, which may
God send ! The Patriot thus speaks!
“A man living in Ft. Thomas and St. Dennis
is. compared to one living in Pendleton, a sort of
nobleman, and on the same principle that the
proudest peer in England holds his seat in the
House of Lords. It is true he may be no better,
although he live in sight of Charleston .surround
ed by swamps, than a citizen of the mountains,
and he may not have half the intelligence and prop
erty of the mountaineer, yet by the organizatien,
of one branch of our government, he is canal to
one hundred and twenty five men living in Pen
dleton. One dollar of his money is worth to the
State.it would seem, four dollars o r theirs. One,
of his slaves counts for five of ours; and one acre
of his land, though covered with alligators and bull
flogs, is equal to twenty in Pendleton.
********
With what heart can the people of the upper
country go forth to fight for equal rights abroad,
when they are strangers to those rights at home ?
In no other Slate in the Union, amongst all the thirty’
one States, does this inequality exist between one
section of the Slate and another. In no other State
is the rotten borough system known; in no other St alt
is their Senate a sort of House of Lords, and the
inhabitants of the swamps an order of nobility, in
reference to the sons of the mountains.
The truth is that all of our agitation, in South
Carolina, has come from the parishes. All of this
eternal clamor against, the Federal Government,
and alarm and consternation for evils which never
accrue, have sprung up and taken root in the par
ishes, and by constant agiiation, have spread over
the State. So it was in the days of nullification,
in the Blnffton failure, and so it is now in thia
slavery agitation. The people of the parishss have
been so much accustomed to lord it over every
thing at home, and in their own S’ate, that they
think, most conscientiously, it is nothing but right
that they should have their own way in the United
States. All would be well if these gentlemen can
control their parishes, their parishes the State, and
the State the United States. Then we would have
a ‘Glorious Uxios.’
\\ ith these facts before us, we think it would be
doing the State of South Carolina infinite service,
were the General Government to allow the parishes to
tecede at once from the Union, and to give protection
to the balance of the State as a Sovereign Common
wealth, in the great confederacy of States.
But independent of this, if a Convention be held,
there are good omens that the people will demand *
thorough reform of existing abuses at home, before
they will agree to join tlieir oppressors, in the drama
of dittolution which the latter wish to enact!
A Civil Answer—Fery!
One of the Trustees being requested to
before the Grand Jury, what information be pos
sessed concerning the Bibb county Academy
Fund, told the messenger to ‘‘go to the ’
and tell the Grand Jury to go there too.’’ Tha
was very satisfactory, was it not, in these Jog
days, to be sent to a place where the
ter always ranges far above one hundred
shade! Who would’ut be a Grand Juryman,
if he could i