Newspaper Page Text
Q
TH ^j ATLANTA WEEKLY SU^T—APRIL 29, lQTO.
OTS
Attbe ■
I clay or heavy auila, but in aaudy sol]*, where cere
afeetorymtbleritT.tbe work produced I U ' "
thi work noun.
i taken to peek the
aand well aronna the pipe, it
ie also save that*he has fl»-
le eaual to anything done at the North. All kinds stand* eery well. He ai«u »»ys uu< u<
of orna oental work U admirably executed. Those j qnently to reject a portion of the pipe, when de-
of our < iuvn« who desire io ornamnt their real- Uvered on the ground, on acoount of imperfeoticn*
denoes with easea, pill ire. etc., have an Opportunity I The cem-nt pipe in use in this Tiatuity la made from
of doing so at comparatiraly anil coat. Nothiigl the beat Newark new cetaant and aea-waahed gravel,
adds more to the beauty of a yeatleman'i borne j screened to a sise considerably coarser than the
The People.
than tern cotta work, especially when artistically
executed. It le our purpose to aid and aweourage
all manufacturing -nleipriaeB in pur midst, and we
take particular pl’-asitre in d .uur*" when they are
1 of a really meritorious character, a* i« the case with
. Terra < otta works. H^ce it is tuat werecom-
coaraest of bank aand. and In some canes Portland
cement ta used. Tee article manufactured hare by
Messrs Day k Colltua is *» good a < trn.ut p'pe as I
have ever seen, but the best I have no hesitation in
saying ia inferior to good vitifled olay pipe.
If 1 had charge ol tile sewerage Works oi this <JT
THE fcEWEKAUE QLETION!
TRHH.Tl COTTi |P/P*||P». TWR CT.V.
CHUTE CE.Mi.'YT Rim.
To this Editors of Tn» Sun:
For some time pari we havo had the terra cotta
pipes manufactured by us assailed in'diffarent ways,
which demands irom us a rep,y which will forever
settle the question at issue. We dislike very mnch
to engage in a newspaper controversy.even li It does
ad-ct our buslnets. Until attacked we were satis
fied to go along quietly and let time and experience
together with the superiority of ou r ware refnt all
unjust’and unfounded assaults made upon ua. .he
first article Inch appeared was ono puulished by
one of the city papeis a- an editorial, »h ch. while
highly recommending the concrete cement pipe at
the eame tune ‘made an unjust and uncalled for
fiing at our m inntac lire. We supposed this was
“ pai for" and would he bo understood by the read
ers of that piper ai d then-fora wo made hut li tie ef
fort i o counteract its effect.
In las'. Sunday morning's Co .s'-itntion the tollow.
ing appeared. Upon this we now propose to base
this communication, nnd before w; get through
hope to l*:a.,.e to satisl .eloriiy prove tied the •• four
• i-.al char u tei jstic.i' claimed by M-s-rs, ilunni-
i utt -t Belliri;.’rathe does not attach lo th* newer p-pe
manufactured by ilie.n, rend-rifig it *• so,, rior’ to
all othe. e. The article ahued to Is as follows:
mend them to the public. Their window oaps, any other ciiy, 1 should recommend tus use of the
brackets, medal hone, and other enrichments for vitrified clay pips in preference to cement, notwith-
ATLANTA AND ITS FDill RE.
SEWERAGE.
The sanitary importance and value of an adequate
lyatvio of sewerage, in all populated dittricta is
beginning to be understood, ud Cannes bo too
higuly appreciated. Assuming these premises to
be graut*-d, we have to claim that the .,ewer pipe
manufactured by us at superior in four special
characteristics, vix: Efficient action, durability,
economy and superiority ol connection.
Experiment* have frequently demons:ra-e 1 that
Sc ot pipes o. regular and continuous scrv.ee Iidos
will pass from *25 to 50 pet cent, more sewera.e
matter tuan o. ick sowers Ills entire volume ol
testimony in tbo record- of, xperiineutal ind prac
tical sewet age, go to show the great superiority ot
action oi carefully formed pipe unes.
T T n lor this head we claim that our pipes, from th6
process of the manufacture, being moulded under
severs pressure in polished iron moulds, are not
only aoB dute duplicates ,,f o t li otli-r for ,a.-i>
sp- eial tize. but furmsii.-s when lam, from tbcir pe-
oulianty oi shape, a mo.e p-rfect flowing surlace,
prodn mg less l.ict.o'i ih- n ia poe-iblj with any
cth r system of pipes or br,clt-work.
W- claim tliat the concrete of which these pipes
a:e made, being tile beet selected brands of bydrau-
lic on out. and lino ch .ui giavci a:ni san-i, care-
f fi’iy proponioneci, sa'chomica. vempoaiuon well
known to our er.invui. radical Hydraulic Engi.
n-ers, and it is sure to ncr-ss in hardn s» by it,,
.awn ot coutinuou- cry slnlizitiona, and is s. eciady
a t ipt d to unuerground -L-d underwater use, which
exp* riuiciit s!»o va that a’l iltrtfled clays, wliothtr
in use a* brick or pipes cannot stand such exposure,
the lite ii d principal having been killed by the pro
csss of buiuiun, aud in c urse of time, must tail.
Precisely ihe same agents ;.nd actions which have
pres rved to lhu pres-i t day. the constiuctton of
the Rom u Empire, ih th'ir still enduring water
w orks, are spphed and secured in this mauufac-
•ure, as by our process of amalgamation. The life
principle baa been commenc-d and must continue
to crow- and harden until it becomes rock itself
Tue eaten no.* and muiiuued ise of these pipes
ia the cit. j o; Bro-ikiy, , Hartford, New Haveu,
Bridgeport, Jersey • ity Long is.and, and, in fact,
all the Ur,o cities an.. towi>a in the eastern aud
West :-u, aud in pa.ts of the Southern Staled, iu cou
nt ction with the above facts, wan ants us iu a.vng
it i-only a qu ,,tmu of ti*uo lor Its universal adop-
tinn. iW invite all luterested to examine 04c fic-
tery and pipe ne ir Summer HiU.
HUNNIGUXT & BE'JL’.N *R vTHS.
Atlanta, Oa., April 12, 1*13.
cornice*, are really admirable, while tbsir
s-atuary, rtc , will compare favoraby wnh anything
of .he kind that w have aeon. It is by aupporttn.
liberally such inatitutiona a* these that Atlanta will
pm reaa in material wealth and retain the repn a-
tion she baa gained at being the uuiet enterprising
city in G«o' gia.
Tbe Sewer Committee of tLe > itj of St. Louia’hai.
ing conden. ned the at - of be < oncrete pipe, aud
adopt- d the terra cotta or vietrified clay pipe, a cou-
trover y arose wt iuh necessitated an extensive cor
respondence between tbe cuy engineer and a num
ber of leading engineers of various cties in different
portion* of tbe country. Their rep lea completely
s t tie tne questions at Issue, and at they an wer our
purpose to a great extent, we shall publish their
conespundi noe in full, pro and con. having clipped
it from the St. Louis Democra* of date of March as.
1873.
LETTERS RECEIVED BY MR. J. B. M0DLTuN >
CITY ENGINEER OF ST. LOUIS.
South* ns Horan, 1
St. Louis, xugus 26, 1872. j
Col J. B. Moulton. Oity Engineer:
Six: I am iu receipt of your letter of this date, in
wine i you state that there ia now a controversy go-
ing on as to the relative value of cement aud glased
or stoneware fewer pipe in this city, and asking my
opinion as to tbe matter.
I reply by saying I have never used the cement
pipe for the purpose of sewerage, and hivs no per
sonal knowledge as to its va he in that connection.
While I had charge ol the sew rags woiks of (Jin
ciuuati, none but ihe vitrified pipe was used, nor
has any oth, r been need ,n that city so tar as I know.
Only vitrifi- 1 pipe is used iu Washington at present
and I am not Ocrtaiu th»t cement has ev-r been used
there. As to whether there was or was not auy set
eutifle teat made o the • emeut pipe in Washington,
I cauuot say, until m> returL. But it is not used
tber at all
1 regard tne Scutch p pe as the best for the pur
pose. and ihe American, when well made, as almost
equal to it. I a u of opinion that cement pipe might
be made to answer well, but it is ope . to the objec
tions of porousu, ss. As s rule it b.is leas strength
aud ta liable to great variations in qua it)*, growiug
out of tl e difference iu material ami the proportion-
used. and finally, fr- m the m-nuer f making As
to the a, tn n of the acids aud alk lies upon it 1
should not r* ga r d tuia as a serious objection, since
my observation upon the m-rtars us d iu brick
sewers Sitifl-s me tiiat theis is little danger from
this cause. I should prefer the vanned pipe by all
means.
on my return to Washington I will reply to the
other interrogations you pioponnd
Very Respectfully, Ac R. 0. PHILLIPS,
Chief Eugineer Li -rd oi Public Works, Washington,
standing the difference id cost. I regard cement
pipe as worthless unless made of tus best of mate-
rials, and even then it is not as good ** the other
Yoars truly, X. Henry CB*vra,
City Euginser.
/. C.
Board of Public Wobxs, )
Chicago. August 27, 1872. j
J. B. Moulton. E-q , City Engineer.
Dear Siu—In jonforu ity with your request oi the
2#th, 1 end you the accompanying cop) of a report
I made on the icth ouly to our Board on the subject
of cement sewers
-nice then I have received a letter from the city
engineer of Cleveland Uno, who sucks very decid
ediy iu favor of c- cent sewers, alter an experience
ot thresyears airh th-ui iu that cl y. I have alsr
cun veiled vv tu Mr. Wesson, wuo had charg- of the
sewerage depariuieut ol the Crotou Aqueduct Board
tor a number or years, a,. 1 be speaks v- ry d- culedly
against them. Hetul-i me be dug down to quite a
number in Joraey City, aud found every one mure
or less disintegrated .n the outside.
Yours, Very It- .pecttully,
E 8. C'HKSBBOUGH.
CHiUAOo.jJaly 16, 1872.
UE-TLLiiKN.—The secretary’s letter ’on the 13th
info.uii g me that )OU - • esi re a report from me oi
the value.” in my op niton, ol o-ment p-pe for
sewerage purpus, s," has beeu received I tike it
iorgrsnted that the board meant ceineut pipa as
compared with bird-burnt or vnrihed clay, as no
other kinds are used to .my consideraole extent iu
this country, though wood, asphalt andiron are, iu
p.,i tiouiar localiti-s, used fur sptclal reasons,
I ha.o given per.-oual atteut onto this subject for
about twenty j ears, and have both conversed aud
cotre->pou<:ea with other engineers relative to it.
Cement pipe sewers hive their advocates, aud are
us d to a coueioerab.e extent iu Brooklyn. Buffalo,
Jersey City aud New Haveu, and other cities. Rome
have beeu lai f twenty years, and are in good condi
tion yet. Others have failed ia less than three years
Similar failures occurred with hard-burnt pipes in
Eugiand, where, lor years after their lutruduction,
tnere was strong opposition to them, nmil th.-ir
manufacture was brought to c -mparatjve perfection.
Now the useof these tapes tu that country ia very
geueial, especially for house drains.
Eitn r kind of pipe requires skill anti faithful ness
on the part of those iu cuarge of the laying of the
sewers. 1 he erne, however, of judging oi the suita
bleness of a burnt pipe fo< a Fewer is much greater
than hi ihe case of a cemeut pipe; in fact, it ia very
d ffic.nlt. If uot impossible, to be certain with regard
t o the cement pipe, while it is not so with regard to
hard-burnt clay.
Cement pipes have beeu slowly disintegrated ny
certs iu gases and acids emptied into them. Some
very striking instances of tn:s kind occurred iu San
■ Admitting ins sinitirv importarre and value of | Eraucmco. w here tin tie from privies was discharged
_ V iuto tilt* cemoiit piutfi Nothing of tuin kind u«b
au acequate system of sewerage, we propos • at ih s t „..occurred, so far as I can learn, with well-burut
time to snow ii-at the very “lour special characteris- f ijs s
ipmqdln the above, rests with the Terra opinion is that Hard-burnt or vitrified clay
fCotta u
other.
pul
rviiniiod gla/.ed clay pipy aud not -i.h the
\Yu mb nJ to prov. it by competent w:t
Bitch witiU-saes i:i fact -a is asked fur,
' experiui-uts and by thorough practical
g-.-ie-era. Bntbef.-* - w proceed to^our proof
give i tirscrtptlo- n ttiill of ou"mauuf ctovy
shed In the .-Vtla.,!a H -rdd ol August the
2i h, in u.-der that *ac ]
we Ufan-iniriiirF. «» ire
do not claim ou • rtuor
lie will s<
cocv.nc
i-l prov :
what it s that
them that we
The manuk t
;E3 of ailanta
TK.r.r. \ corrx works
Ti e v.sited for the iirst t: n-, y, .. rday, o i- I'eira
Jotu \Y rss, situa ad iu the We-ieru js-rtmu .ti
iuecity, and were surprised to sec tco pernctiuu
w ith which this art was being carried on in our
midst.
HISTORY OF THE ART.
Terra Cotta, which liter illy means bakea earlli,
couvrvs most expressively aud simply the nature of
the mat, rial anil ms -ner in which it Ib fo’tuel- In
au imoeriec. at Je, it i* FjHiken of -is bavins* beeu
producod by the aucieut bgyptiaus aud tiri eks, iu
tn form ot vase-a. water at s au 1 various ornamen
tal fig tires. The material use l was, aud is, a pjeu-
liar white, or p'tier's clay. Ihe Romans began to
hi .Use it soon afterwards, and employed liner mate
rials Kro-u tnetweitih to the seveuieeein century,
it vva much mod iu It dy f ,r srchitectnr-l decora-
tioua. Michael Angelo and o' her reuewned sculp
t -ra. enip-Oycl it lor tin ir -. tidels. aud lor v.-nous
other purp >« s. Iu Eu a id .t b came a veer im-
1 ■« n bra’tcn of indus’r t the as century, anti
its u-e b.vame more gaoeraliv extended, and its
f raiuai iiup.-ovcmsm h i- r -icuud .ulus t perfection,
is app'icatiou has b om • more geaeia!. and its
beneflts ao highly a; preci.lL-*!. iu way of drainage
aud fur oriumnut*. by t . >e wno have posse-sed
theiaselvea of ity advantag-s that it has taw at
t ined .he rank of one of the mod-yin improvt-
m. nts anti arts au*i isous. ered indispensable.
THE MODUS OPERAND!
rf preparing the clay is s mil -r to that used in'
making brinks T w cUy is dug out aud ground up
till it becomes voi y fine anti epft, -wh-n It goes into
the potter's hands to be shaped into the diffetent
hgure. intended to be m . .e of it. To make the
aewar pn-e, the cl»y is placed i i a ■ hopper" and ia
pr»-»ed hat J ibwh on a pun form th.-ough the die
aud is Un-a p‘»c d out in tue c.i to dry aud harden,
iigures of di£cuU shape a e made entirely by
hau l and placed in mn In these, the . work
men dtop-ay their skill aud iug-nuity, first in torm-
ii .. tin i.bj ct. sud u-tt iu ; rcpaiing the moulds
After theh ures an pip - ate stiffici iitly diy they
• are placed in a kiln and by a very great heat are
coiiver ed ditoa su' -L-tnc- .s hard as stone itseif.
Oi co r- its Lar.i . ss ep-ud* m a gr si measure
upon the aaoagt r>f h •» used and t ie eugtn of
time it is kept under the heat Usual y three daya
aud u ghtaar- louj enon* 11 make it so ^ard that
It cam oe By . k n
pipe should be pref. rr- d for sewer* e purposes to
cement p-pe. ivcau- - tue much greater ceitaiuty ot
getsii g a goo : article of ihe former tuau of the lat
ter; and iu this respect I lave the coucurrauce of
several distinguished m *--tbers of my professiou,
who have couie to their couctusious on me subject
utter y, ars of observation and.experience.
Respectfully submitted.
(signed) E. 8. Chf.shuough,
City Eugineer.
Chief Engineer a Officb, i
Bbooklyn, August 29. 1872,, f
My Dhab Sib; Your note of me 2tfto fust, in re
lation to cement pipe, Is received. I have so much
correspondence iu auswer to inquiries as to cemeut
pipe that I had the enclosed copi-d by the dozen to
save the trouble of writing special answer aud usual
It confine myself to sending ou*, but in your esse
will break through mi custom, for, ifl mistake not,
we are “.old fellows togslher "
In the firat place, the only stoneware pipe which
is approved bare -s the "scotch" pip* it is truer in
shape—a most important feature—more uniformly
burnt, leas brittle and with a better glaze. All thasn
merits with the additional cost of transportation aud
consequent loss ny breakage, make* them more ex
pensive than American pipe, aud it ia with this ex
pense that we compare the o-meu- pipe. The latter,
when well made, as Kuight's pipe is, au-1 well sea
soned, say eight or n.nv mouths, is. so far as we ca >
judge, equally good with the “flu tch" pipe. You
kuow we are oegiuuiux to import Portland cement,
as some two or three times the streLgih of our best
Cements. A sm-tii addition of this adds great
strength to the coineDt pipe. T ie ocouomy in first
cost ot the beat cement pipe is still so much cheaper
than the “ Scotch" as to render it popular with tue
tax payers. eTitu if an occasional fai,ure was tbe re-
sjit. Tbe possible difference iu your i lay, end the
additional cost aud inferiority of your cements, may
render your stoneware pipes even butter than your
cemeut pipe. I am free to conle.-s that in my opin
ion, the value o. the pipe ia very largely due to the
careful aud lsitntul Laetnod of making sun season
ing pursued by Knight iu his mauuiacture, aud I
wou.dbe vary cautious about using much pipe
mrr- ly because it was made ot cemeut.
Truly yours, J W. Adain.
J. B. Uunltuu. City Eugiueer, St. L uis.
(Statement iuc.osed in foregoing.)
Brooklyn, N. Y
St a: Iu reply to your note of thi-* date, X would
beg leave to aay that we nave laid the cemeut pipe
oi Knight to a large extent iu this city, as the iol-
lowing statement will show:
Year Feet
To 1862 '28,987
24,235
15 15
1865!JIVV**.’.’. 4=1.840
34,99
1*67 18.083
1868 78,457
JS6 73 855
2870 «... 108,513
vnd ihe last yetr some eight miles ui tier cou-ract.
I would remark that the method of manufacturing
the pipe uas much to do with the durability. Any
pipe of cuuieiu an l gravel will not auswer, 1> it it itu
good ceiuen and cl*au gravel, Well ramum-d, we
nave fcuud the pipe to auswer every purpose of a
drain pip -, aud no c ise. to my kuowiedg--. has truus
pi’-cd -here it uus given out iro-u the action of xuy
acids iu the sewerage. Tue •• Scotch pipe” is equal
to it iu durability, out costs from 25 to 49 per c- ut.
more, and tue uitfeceuoe lucost renders the cemeut
pipe tbo cheaper, veil with the delects whic.-i have
appeared iu som - eases, attributable to the want of
seasoning m the pipe after it was made, aud before
ayrng. This is important to look to. It is better
thau the American stoneware p.peaud, when made
with tut precautions I have named is sutficientiy re
liable, Respectfully, J. W. Adain,
Ciiy Eugiueer.
think to be quits superior to any oeaaea pipe wuich
I have seen tested, in evenness of texture firmness,
durability, and Its qualities to resist the* tition of
setter acids. Yours respectfully, , ^ '
H- 0. Thatcher, «ty fin
Minneapolis, Minn., September 3,
J. V. Moulton, Esq.:
Dear Sir—The experiments I have; mat
oement sewsr pipe are th*t I filled M pipe w
aud water, and find that vait vets owkhem so
thUlr lc *r°uld eat a hole thr ugh InHia-very
time. Acida will have a great r effect ou them.
Vnd I kuow of no meaus of ascertaining which are
good aud which are Door. In our city hers, for the
above reasons, 1. reccommended the use of vitrified
stoneware pipe, which was adopted by tka City
Council.
I woal I be pleased to reoeive a copy of /our lawa
relativ* to the paving for sewers paving, etc.
Respactfnlly yours, H. H. Carson.
City Engine, r.
Mlmfhis, Tenn.. September 3. 1872.
J. B. Moulton, City Eugiueer :
Dear Sib—We h„ve no sewerage here worth men
tioning. What we have is ot the vitrified “stone
w.re." with tl e exception of cement pipes laid from
a hotel to the river. I have uot uad au eppertumty
of ex*miumg the latter, but am inclined to prefer
the vitrified pipe. Respectfully.
J. H. Humphreys, City Engineer.
we al all find that th* experiment baa been tried on „
too large e scale. I have sent you one of our “Year 1 h%H —*o um ca
222s”KttSMS*■*-Sfir.
.nkfvllv rMYtivn l r (D„.
JReapecttully,
, City Eugiacer
f L *R, City Engineer.
. September 6, 1872.
d my evidence tin re-
29th. N tchnz has
ln * i ’ *» long as gov-
" ’ sew-
Natchez, M;
City Engi:
am unable
Ivor of Aui
, nor wilt
ori-ed by negro -entlemen, been blessed with
ere beyond brick culverts.
The Natohez. Columbus aud Jackaon.iailroad, now
IncouatructioD, Colouel 8. M. PrestoV, Eug’neer
are using vitrified pip-ng for culverts in preference
to e meut pipes. What their objections are I am
not aware of. Sorry that I am not able to oblige,
you. 1 remain.
Crab. C. N’auce, City Enginasr.
i . ,' or a »« *8*‘n.
"S'A2S,*a'£'■
At Wash streel aud Tweme n *
and Twenty-seconti ; on ElsTomn 1 %t
Market, or nock stae,.- ?.? *tr .
uarxet. UR nuct steti: west of n r "‘ ! > A
8 ° n!b ^ I We
with -*ucn I acts beiore tne. in
at that,
been found
Urovf
Patterson, N. J., September 6, 1872.
Little 1 oce. Auk., September 2, 1872.
J. B Mou'ton, Esq., City Engineer :
i-ear Sib—Your letter, dated August 29th, asking
my opinion in regard to cement sewer pipe, and
those of etoueware, has come duiy to hand.
I uave. therefore, the honor to state that, iu my
opiuiou. etouewsro pipes are rar preferable to those
oi cement. „
Your reas >n for btudoning the latter is, an far
as ,uy exjierieoc > goes, perfectly correct, viz : tpe
want of uniform texture, t ie influence of acids,
an l easier breakage.
We have us.-d in our city ext-nsiv-ly the stoneware
pi, es, and have found the same, when hard-burned,
well vitf'fie 1 au-l g.azed, to answer all reasonable
demands. Roepecttuily yours,
UrEOBGE Wehe, City Eugineer.
Lawresoe, Kan.. Septembers, ls72.
J. B Moullou :
Sib—Iu rep y to your iuq iirios iu regard to rela
tive value ot cement aui siouewnrt pipes, I cau
only say that 1 have med at 'iiewaro pip :n with en i
tire satisfaction, opecimens of c juie.it pipe have
Oe-ju left at tin* aud other cities. they are too de li-
cate for use and all to pieces with the slightest
blow We have local manufactories, which make
vor.- fair s-oucwA.e and earthouware pipes, at rea
sonable prices. I cau see uo go iti rea*oti tor aban
doning idem for . mere experime ,t.
Respectfully yours, Holland Wheeler,
City Eugiueer.
Buffalo, August 39. Ir72,
J. B. Moutteu:
Sib—Ou receipt of jour letter ot August 26th, 1
r derrea ir to Mr. hathburu, whose answer I enc use
ahti fu.ly endorse. Ail tin- pipe laid hero h,s been
done under my personal -upervisiou. 1 have never
heard of auy failure in any eewer where it has beeu
used.
Th-- value of the pip- 1 depends entirely on the
quality ot the cemeut aud the sand, and tbe mate
rials used here are periectly satisfactory.
air K. tuiuks that yours is made from Louisville
cement, an article that re aouid not use.
ihe Rjeennaie ce-ueut is brought from near New
Yura City, although a goou quality oi cemeut is
m-t-'e within tweutv miles of Mr. R B works.
Yours Respect! ully, John M. Birr a,
Eugineer.
(Letter inclosed iu foregoing.)
Bufflo, N. Y., Aa ust 29, 1872.
Jno. A. Ditta, City Engineer:
Dear Sir: Ic looking over the St. Louis letter
ag-iu, 1 observe th t )lr. Moullou wants your opin
ion, and if you a*ud'biin the opinion of suiue one
else h« may think you dodge the question.
I should say tu him that cement pipes have been
iu use, both for public aud privet - severe, lor many
years, aud tUat no ianares aie reported, that large
quantities are being continually used, and farther,
that the parties engaged in their manufacture in
this city use only the very best of Rosendale cemeut
and clean, sharp lake gravel, aud manufacture a pipe
that has beeu universally adopted, Ac., &c.
1 think if you give huu something like the above,
with porhaps something else you may think of,
that it is all that will be necessary.
Truly yours, 4c. C. H. Rathbun.
[From the card enclosed with this letter, it ap
pears that Mr. Rathburn is a cemeut manufacturer j
Office of City Engineers,
Pittsburg, Seyteiuuer 2, 1872.
Office i f the Commissioners of Sewers, 1
Cincinnati, August 23.1*72. )
J. B M "iliou, Es i , City Engineer:
ear Sin Y 'Ur.-* ol the ibtb, making inquiries in
regard to tue use iu this city of emeut pipe for
pub ic sewers is jnst received.
our Gouiinn-eioii.-rs of newer* ae well a* myself,
are not in lav- r of using cement pipe l'jr sewerage
purp'-ses, c -lfilling ourselves entirely to the use
of gi z-d stoaewar-i or vitrifi-d pipe. We do not
think the cement pipe for durability -nd it- capacity
to e.-ist the aj io: s oi acids aui other deleterious
BstiMtauces winch ale commuted to public sewers,
has been eulfiuieut'y tested b> time. And we have
lii.-ih si.tho. i y lor believing th it pipe made *>i
burnt cis*, glazed and vitrified, will last for centu
ries. In matters of this kina, w, do uot care to ex-
pertinent. Very truly, yuurs,
A. W. Gilbert.
Louisville, Ky., August 29, 1872.
J. B. Mouiton, City Engineer, St Louis:
Dear Sib—I am in receipt of yours of the 26th
inet., asking my opinion of cement pipe for sewerage
purposes. I have to rep*y that the cement drain
pipe, as made here is good; they are carefully made,
an 1 are more uniform aud in better shape than the
stoneware, and averagt about 15 per cent, cheapet,
We ar* using them in almost all cases, until recently
the stoneware was preferred, lut as a great many of
them wete shattered bv burning, aud the supply be
coming short, a trial was made of cement, which
gave periect satisfaction. I a in of opinion ttat the
c, merit drain will answer every purpose. Would
r* qust your writing- to the Engineer of Brooklyn,
wuo, I understand, ia using large quantities, ai.d we
am using tue same •* pateut proves." that he is. Will
cheerfully give further information if desired.
Very respectfully.
Thob. P. Shanks,
City Eugineer.
Philadelphia, August 29 1872.
I. B. Moulton, Esq., City Engineer:
TUE ATLANTA WORKS.
Tn* ki n whi n w.- v;sit*-u, which is called a
••Scotch ki n." where the rornace or the place for
the fire I* at one end, *n t the b <ze and heat rife
over a watt lna.dr ot the c.n m the toys and tarn de
scend turough »Ue bony, where images etc, are
p,ac«-d. down hrough tue bottom 11 a flue sud
chimney. When th fi ; mva. etc . are left is It for
the n iig.u ot time *p wen u draw* out to the aur-
' •. °* c-'-f fr 'Htitf i*y. which makea it real
ly uaider vhau iron. Sewer -p. a burnt in this way
n-a.e nodoubteo.y tue Lee* pipe far drainane there
is, au t are Ia t Suiers* im, au oth»rkinds in large
c tie. sud else worn-, an l sre a great deal cheaper
fil. 11 1)IIIm all Kwl a i i -1 a K . a. - _ ■ a a * ^
Still more kuImiauuaI ili nc-m m bine or aa
er we k*.. . of Tt ey wil. last *ndi*ni • ?_-
as h a air* »-i» beeu ,r.iw r, **•„ e
eeu r->m- ■ r* .ra ihen uistory. While
i^au ,-yo t_ sewe’-s in liiffe'ent
t*u so ruacb dofij-
our __
pVJfUC^** IQe city,
M bo h ocirm in- , p-r-eci. tney
a.iu* r wueiher it wih uot be
Would do i
1 *C ti*uev
Ui ti-a* the m
•r.t* of the terra cotta s‘one-
Dkvb Sir—The branch sewers of this city are gen
eraliy built of brick, and vitrfiied clay pipes are used
for attachmeuls and house draining*, and occasion
ally for short distances iu the streets.
Cement pipee are manufactured here on a limited
scale, but so far as my observation goes, have not
given aali faction. So mnch care is required in ob
taining go d material, aud having t e.n properly
mad* , that tbe quality cannot be depended on. Al
though Bocrewnat cheaper than the vitrified
pipe, there is so much on certainty ia them that I
should not be wilting to risk their general introduc
tion.
Oases have been reported to me of cemeut pipes
where tney i.l hive had to.be takeu jp, on accouut
of their deterioration. Brick sre cheaper here, and
of such excellent qnsiity, that they hav * the prefer
ence lor large use drain. Yoars truly.
8Ah'l L. Smedlky.
Chief Engineer.
Boston, August 29, 1872.
J. B. Moulton:
Dear Sir: Your note of the 26th inst. was re
ceived tiii ■ mi rniug. and, in answer to yonr mq ti
nes relative to cement pipe for drainage purposes 1
beg leave to say that the duly of prescribing or eves
recommending tbe style or material for drain pipes
in ihie ci*v* does no* dev-Jlv— uu^n a*, bnt npc-i iz,
officer styled tho •* supenutenaeu; ->i iswere, ' who
is a professional evil engineer, and has made draiu-
age eng u —r. „ a epee alty. I hive frequ nl inter-
* >u. .-e «, h him, and our views ueDeral.y coincide
with lustier* relative to hi* department. He inf anus
me that he ha* laid several thousand feet of it, aud
In* ’nd no rouoie* roan ew-r acids > tt: hat.: re-
-*ceuuj » -»u yt ersuie. OLFitL.iisxf.t e:*er- -aid .l
Dear Sir—Your favor of the 26th lust received aud
contents noted.
There has been a prejudice existing here relative
to cemeut pipes, caused, partly, by disinclination to
use anything that hod not been thoroughly tested.
That prejudiO" wis btrengthed by tue poor qua ity of
pipe offered by the party who began to ma iufa -.ture
here. The ignorance of workmen a* to the proper
treatment of cemeut, tGaether with th- poor quality
of cinient used, and the d--sir>- to produce as cheap
as possible, allied to couhrm the . listing anti, stuy
toward it, but that has given, or rather is giving\wny,
at present to a mom favorable impress Ou; but our
VJ-'Uncils have not yet authorise, the use ot it for
beweis Wear t putting m two short pieces of it to
oraiu surlace water across two streeis. M> own
opinion is h»t pip.-made out of a good quality ol
Portland cement, “ ELglish” or “ German,’’ uot too
much reduced by a disproportion ot sand, will stan
the test required 1 In tuis opinion 1 am confirmed
by me success with wh'ch it h s beeu used iu 1 on-
don, aud a oi agio test that it has been made here,
where cemeut has uo uei u i ju iously affected cy
'.he action of uriue; but the liability to get poor ce
blent, ev u of the best brauds, aud the difficulty to
get carviul workmen to 2 ,r "perly inauuaclurs the
materials;and the difficulty to disc. ru any fliw.
tuat may be iu the pip - hare leeu deemed suffi
cient reasons uot to ai ow us introduction here :u
any great extent. Tho manufacturer here is one oi
the most. xtensive contractors, and he is endeavor
ing ha, d to introduce his pipe wherever he cau do
so, guanteeiug it for a length ol lime. He has now
come to the use of the “ Portlai d cement" iu mak
ing sewer pipe- We have a company here makiug
" artificial stone’’ with the same quality of cem;nt-
and I have paid close attention to their work exam,
ming the cement closely, and the conclusion to
which I have come is that too much are cannot be
exercised in the choice and manipulation of the ma
terial, and if care is not exercised the most vuss'h-
fsetory results will be produced, but as l have said
there hai not betn time enough given here to tell
from any extended experiments whether pipe prop
erly ma le will withstand the action of the a ids to
which they are exposed in sewers, aud th-<refore a
positive opinion b.eed cn act. al experiment aud
observation cannot be given.
I think that pipe properly male of the cement I
have mentioned may itand, but I w -nld not like t<>
risk it in any exten live work, bnt I do uo; th.nk it
will stand if mads of auy other than that quality of
cement
Regretting that I cannot give you any more defi
nite information - elative thereto, aud i-opiug that
it any instances throwing light ou the subject lalt
under yonr observation, you will communicate to
Y'ours respectfully, A. DemfsTEB.
J. B. Moulton, City Engineer
Baltimore, September 2,18)2.
. B. Moulton, Esq., City Engineer :
Dear Sib—Your commnni, ati u of the 29th is
at hand, and I must aa. in repty that we h ive used
the cement pipe mauuf act red in this city in two
instances only.
(fur sewers, for city purposes, are large—from
four to seven feet in diame’er—'or whi h we use
hard-burnt brick in their construction.
Ou • eroerience with the cement pip- has been
auch as to compel us to report unfavorably upon
ita future us-.
T*u yetrs ago we laid aoont 100 fee* ol t ,e pipe,
six inch diameter, f r the purpose of drawing m
rpring ; about six months ago we were oh ig-d to
open it for repairs, it having failed to dr id, when
we four Jit had softened or yielded t) the action of
the water to euch an extent as to render two sec
tions useless.
In regard to the •• none ware ” or glaze-l pi e, I
can aay nothing officially, not h -ving used it for
city purposes. It ia. however, quite extensively
used for private sewers, and seems to an-w~* -ery
well.
You will exens haste ffiuuld you wish fui tber
information ot- ->i c su-ject, I will be pleaaed to
furnish 'l jeiat all • hav- Very respectfully,
Jno. H. Tegmrge, city Engineer.
Hartford, Conn.. September 3, 1872.
J. B. Mouiton, Esq., City E i-fiueer :
Dear Sin—Yours of tne 29th came to hm** yes-
terda., aud. m reply, I would say that very reoe itiy
J. B. Moulton. City Eugineer : H > ^ 0
Dear Sis—Yours of August 29th. iu reference to
tbe use of cemeut eewer p-pe, le at hand. I regret
that J am unable to . ive you any information
that wti i be of service. We have no experience as
tjc>tnent sews*-pipe ic ".hi* city, never having
used auy nut »be Scotch vitrified ware, and no other
can be used auless the ordinances of the city
changed.
is with you, * pressure is made ou our Board of
Aid -rmeu by the manufacturers of cement pipe
here to have their pipe substituted, but thua far
without success. 1 aw prejudice d against their use
except for clear water ; have examined the process
of making cement pipe, aud (io uot be.ieve tha 1 suf
ficient care ie taken vo hare them of uniform tex
tore, and that if sufficient water be used to make
the mass hum geneous, tne time taken to have the
pine prope.ly made, and me cement welt aei, would
make the cost of cement pipe as great as vitrified
were Toe question is now beingagitat -d here, and
if in your inquiries in other quarters you arrive at
a conclusion, whetner favorable to their use or oth
erwise. I will bo under many obligations to you if
you will mail tbe information to me (if printed j.
1 intend to make some investigation in this direc
tion. as soon as I cau spare the time ; until then I
do uot believe auy change iu the character of pipe
will be made for our Boa-d of Aldermen.
Yours truiy,
A. H. Fonda, City Engineer.
uo results eo lujanou *“w V* » P 0in
I.Should open auexmu^*^^*‘‘•iV- Ifeld S
hoera ot other cities tor the purp - [
be t information on thietn,' *- 1
did. and w.U m.'fewT.7*X:ri* ,b ^ r. 6 ’ ^
formation, wt.oh, if you dSlr* £,* •*'■» OU;
for tbe public to jmtg from We
g»ng up bell kiuoa Ol pipe, to oom . ^ ' IK”®
not -eo how that can be legally do .e ?,KeW
take, from two to three veaia for in* !L'' " ” eW
over the aewera so a* io be solid,' sad 7" PeferT
>Pc*rty. an.l t,i *v* H !
sirtM 1 *”* 10 i ' nv “ e P ro P < ’ r ‘y. »u.i’to n,/*"
si-lea. I cauuot use ihe c tv . ►-
Lynn, September 7, 1872.
J. B. Moulton. City Eugineer :
Dear Sir— I received your letter a few days ago.
ind havo de.ayed ausweriug it. thinking I might
get some information from Salem, but have beeu
disappointed.
We have never used tbe coa/eut pipe, though
often urged to do so; therefore, 1 cannot speak irum
experience, nut havo ueeu told of instances wber.
sewerage had taken tue life out of the pipe, so that
it crumbled to pieces.
Th Goumntiee ou i>rainag> have exao ined th<-
subject at different tiui' 1 *, and have always used
brick or stoneware for sewers.
A tew pi ivate parties have used the pipe, aud I
have uoticed that there was a difference in tile
pieces. Some weie bird, and others would crumble
in the band. I have been toM that in Salem and
our Boar-l of Streei C imuiissiotiers decided an my Boston they have been obliged to take up some ce-
recounu uuatiou not to liy down any more ctmeut
tile. I was le to give tuis ad vice from a geuersl
idea of their worth ensntsa, w Inch has beeu proved
in such cases w-ieu we havo takeu up such sewers,
some of quite receut construction. Wo found
length alter length entirely crumbled, aud othi rs
that wo succeeded in tilting out of the trench
would ore a with a very .tight b.ow. I think your
reasons all hold good, and are sufficient tocoiuleinn
their use
We also object to tho glazed tile, from difficulty of
entering them as si le buwois, as we have uot yet
adopted the pi i. of laying side counectious when
wo lay Ihu main sewer. Wo sha.l, ill accordance
with i he above decision, lay nothiug hut brio sew
ers, the smaller ones of oval form, the large circu
lar. Ir ou ■ experiene* is w >rth anything to you, I
am glad tJ be able to give it io you.
Yours, very respect lull .
C. H. Bukok, City Snreeyor.
Jersey (ity, September 3, 1872.
J. B. Moulton, Esq.:
Dear Sir—In transmitt agto you ray opinion in
regard to th.- merits of the concrete drain and
sewer pip- s. I would say tbst ray experience led me
to the cone usion that vitrified aud i.laz-d pipes are
super.ur in every uarticuUr, aud I have ordinarily
endeavor* d to use as little cement pipe r s poisible.
There can b- uo ■ eal question of a Inch is the best.
I h ive given this su-'j-ct the «o-t thorough at
tend m, aud I am cnnlide.it i am right and time
will prov • it Cement pip“ uev-r will ausw-r a safe
purpose uivilit cau ne manufacture i so as uot to
eec-ime disintegrated after oeiug laid iu the treuch
nd coveror . I have kuown a sewer to cav * in built
of it, and make a most disagreenle state of affairs,
from tho fact of not knowing to what exte.t the
break exteuded. v ery respectlully,
Jno. ?. Culcdo, City Engineer.
Richmond, Va*. September 3, 1872.
Mr. J. B. Moulton :
Dear nib—Within tho last year I hive passed
through an experience in sewer piping with a con
clusion fully iu accord with your own My mind is
settled on th*superiority of stoneware pipes, and
the uuc-rtainties attending those of cement. I will
u t hereafter use i ho cemeut pipes in our city eew-
erage. Very respectiu ly,
Charles H. Dimmock, City Eugineer.
Augusta, Me., September 3, 1872.
J. B. Moulton, City Engineer :
Dear Sir—Your favor of the 29th iu at baud, and
in reply would sav my opinion iu regard to cemeut
p.pes is tne same as yonr own. Have found the
same difficulty in regard to the tex ure of the pipes
not Dei ,g equal. Any one cau see at a glance that
the cement pipes will absorb the acids of. the sewer
which will certainly ctiestrov them. Were the sew
ers under my eharge I should ceitainly use the
vetrified pipes for their conducting power alone, the
pohsh-d surface presenting little or no resistance to
tne water or foreign matter. I do uot know what
patterns you may have, but the sleeve-jotiut of our
utoue pipes is much better thau that of tue cemeut
pip s. I am interested to kuow what the result will
be. Should you have the leisure or inclination to
respond, please a :dres*
Nat Abbott. City Engineer.
Baltimore, September 4, 1872.
J. B. Moulton, Esq., City Eugiueer:
In reply to your letter of the ‘29th ult- directed
to the “Eugiueer of the City of Wheeling,” aud
r- q testing information as io our expei ie .ce with
c-ment and stuuewar pipes, I have to say tbit 1
be levu tbe for er U-ivu uot bneu ac all used iu
Wne-diug for s.-Wers, unless it may have been by
priV'te parties, of wh.ch I have no knowledge.
My opinion would be dycidedtv iu favor of tbe
glazed pipe, wilhiu range of capacity suited tu the
strength.
Shoud you publish the result of your inquiries u
this subject, I beg you will favor m.- wi b a c py.
Keapcctlul.y, W. C. Smith,
City Surveyor, Wheeling. Va.
Newvrk, New JkR-ti , *
September 4, la72. (
J. B. Moulton, City Engineer :
Dear-ir—Yourcommuuica ion of the 29tii ult.
is received, la this city Wo use lor the smaller
local sewers glazod stoneware pipe. No cement pipe
whatever is used.
1 have used cement pipe in railroad drainage, and
found tuat it oreaks easily. My opiuiou is that the
toneware pipe is decidedly preferable to the cement
pipe toe Sc wer purposes. Tne want of time is my
excuse tor the brtvity of thi* rep y. Yours truly,
Gustav Schlbach, City Surveyor.
City Engineer’s Office, 1
- J
Spsingfield, III., September 5, 1872.
J. B. Moul.on City Engineer :
Dear Sir—V -or* -u til- 29th ult «r s received,
ad 1 owe you au apology for uot answering
sooner. In auawto your reque t f >r my opinion
On Ihe subject ot Uiiug vitrifi :! glazod stoneware
pipe, as coiuptred to ceiuen: p.pe, for sjwers, I will
say that, for myself, 1 should rnuoti prefer the stone
ware p*pe, as y our assertion that tho csrn-ut pipe is
seldom of a nnif * = m texture, aid is very easily
broiti-n, is true, and I don’t consider it as safe aud
dur-.blea.s Le stone pipe Ir you have laid much
< i thecemc nt p'pe, I think your experience Uas
t&ug t you tha., when the cemeut pipe ts saturated
with water, it b-comes very > rude and rtiffljuit t*
lay with sue. ess ; aud uuiess 1 wa- laying sewera of
very largecalibre, where I could lay it in the ground
like con . rate, I should much prefer the Btoue-
ware, as I am -atished it will be as enduring as
time. W.U you tak- tbe trouble to give me your
fo mofordeance lor establishing tue grades of
your city, u-id such ideas a-t you may be wi.ling to
suggest? Very respectfuby,
W. D. Clark.
New Haven, Conn., Septembsi 6, 1872.
J. B. Moulton, Esq., Jity Engineer :
Toledo, September 2, 1872.
J B. Moulton, City Engineer :
Dear Sir :—H>ie the use of cement pipe was
discontinued after a snort trial, and the vitrified
■ibfiU d pipe exc'ueively u-wd in he constr’c-
uuk Vi JU ulu* . -w>r-. .‘Uas.'Uuu*. wha.u *
Dearsib—Yonr favor of the 29th in>t, wa* duly
receive*..
Aa an answer to your qar* im ; .acerning ce
ment p: s f..r sewers -u.. a wal state that the city
of N--a* aven li s ..eeu nothin*, -juc cerneu- pipes
for the piiie sewers that have *>■ eu constructed
h re ,»d Urge quantities are stilt be.ug used.
Thus far we have had no trouble with ifiem, ana
Rati sofai as I liave examined them where th*' have
b-en down a number of years, to all appearances
they are better than when first laid.
E. 8. Chesbrough, Esq , Guy Engineer of Chicago,
who is ihe auth >r of >ur ‘Sewerage fry item,” does
not approve of their use here, and we coast -er him
the oesi ot authont. Probably ihe pipe made here
are as gooa as auy u* *a*. -ofu r ul apoear to
Btand wen wherever ui d : «ti.l, for an *bat, *
no* approve oi taeir usj I oenve ta re are jtuer
diain pipe made whicb can be relied ou. without any
doubt, an i to see sue * quautit-.ea of cement pipe
ns*d here in the cor.* eii *n of our sewer*, cause's
ltic * Ihe U—- i Si'c-A*,. —8 -a- cCU-c Kh-L
m ut pipe w ich has beeu laid only a few years.
Yours respectfully,
Isaac K. Harris, City Engineer.
Providence, September 6, 1872.
J. B. Moulton. City Engiuetr:
dear Sir- The sewi-ng,-departraeut of this city
have use l no cement vipes for the same reasons
tuat you name, althoiiith they are made in this city
and used aud used lor that purpose by private par
ties. The very best Imported pipe are used for
sewers. I can s*e no reason wby the cement pipes
shout . not be used to a limited extent, where the
circii-nstaucos are favorable, and where not subject
to the ac'ioH of acids. Th re seems to be Home dif
ference of opinion among practised men about
them. Out in deffereuce ti- Mr. SUedd’s opinion,
(the Chief Engineer of the Water Works), there are
noue now used by the city. Yours truly.
Chables E. Payne, City Engineer.
sines. I cauuotuse the c-.iy mcnev o - rftrY i
pose, uor .sit necessary. I have '° r ’• ' * f
that both k'hdsci Din,.* mav k. ‘
, , ot pipe* may be, sue n ’ Llliit
badly-made, aud both may-1^.1 f ro “ 1 “°
both have failed iu this city ; butfirst J
say lhg that ihe best r- tubs have been i : *> e
stoneware pn-ca, such M ars jio*7'^^
Louib by severak daal -ia. tLil = * >•
hanVir*-* *** “ , ^ Je Very »PP*re»t U t« .
bend, it you wti. punhsh the letti-ra i a„* w
aud which Will be handed to you r" U i, ?
I regret to be thu* called into public n-
troversy ot this sort can eud iu uj g00d p, „ f3itv.
culated to produce angry feeling*, win ! !*' L r’
very glad to paa. by. What I nivt aaill u ’ Ullio
by the pubi.catiou ou ibis suoject auj
one
I place i before
Respectfully
aasume auy blame that may atuoa to u* I
Committee, for 1 believe they acted u“ * L^_
deuce 1 place t before hem- ^ IXk&tt <
J ' u ~g>to be
to g
repo
W
We havo pub lished the forgoing more part
on accouut of the source from which
Tue matter of sewerage iu St. Louis was 7
agitated, hot so much because the ecu*
had be.m condemned, as it was for the r *
the cemeut generally used for making iu»
obtaiuou in the vicinity of that city, au i
company whi t left uo yams uuspar i t
the sale of this cemeut throughout tue .o u
is from this company that ihe cement u„, :
city for the maun tact ure oi pipes oow -
tion to the aoove, we shad give some tea
which,we have received, and lirst a letter
City of Savannah;
“■"■of «1
they
this
oom
OH* 11
the a
Ooiij
ings
near
for
perh
that
'was
Omaha, Neb., September 8, 1872
J. B. Moulton, City Eugiueer:
Dear Sir—Yours of the-.9th ult. ia received. In
reply I will Slate that thiB city hag mad but very
little use of cement p'pe of a-iy kind; bu the Omaha
aud No: thwesteru Railroad Compauy have had iu
the neighborhood of l,5o0 feet piaced upon tneir
road some six momhs ago. ali of which proved a
failur , owiug to their want of sufficient strength to
support the requisite pressure.
Fn-m my observations of the pipe, I should not
recommend it for *uwer»ge purpeses. 1. Because
tney a: e more or less > ubject to disintregration
from acida.
2. Their peculiar construction requires a better
clas*of skilled labor in the setting than is usually
-ecured.
3. Their efficiency depends so much upon the
peculiar selection of material entering their com-
p isitiou, that few manufacturers manage to secure
a proper cemeut, and proportion of clean gravel or
sand requisite in pipe- for sewer purposes.
Mr. R. 0. Phillips, formerly City Engineer of Cin
cinnati, aud now Chiet Engineer of Public Works in
the District of Columbia, while here lately, ex
pressed himself to mo as iu favor of gliz*d clay
pipe iu preference to those of cement. With regrets
tbit I have beeu unable to reply earlier to your let
ter of inquiry,I reman..
Yours respectfully. ,
Andrew Rosewater, City Engineer.
Keene. N. H., September 12, 1872.
J. B. Monlton, Esq., City Engineer:
Dear Sir—Yours of the 29th u timo was duly re
ceived in my absence. We have as yet out 1’ttle ex
perience in sewerage in this place. I have made
some inquiries as to the best material, aud the gen
eral opinion is that the hard-burned, well vitrified
stoneware pipes would be preteiable for sewerage to
cemeut. Yours, very t uly.
Geo. W. Studevant, Ci’y Engineer.
City Engineer’s Office.
St. Louis, Mo., April 14, is72.
Gentlemen—I have used g'- z“-d stoneware pipes
for drain- on several railroads under my charge as
Constructing Eugtn er, aud they have beeu used
for branch sewurs exteusively.
Iu all cases I ht.ve louud them to be a good ar
ticle, and cheaper iu hrst construction thau wheu
ma le of hard burned bricks If tbey are very bard
burned, aud well gt zed with salt glazing, they will
not wear dowu as last as hard bur- ed bricks, aud
will never decay when thus made.
Y'ours respectfully,
J. B. Moulton, City Engineer.
Sedalia, Mo., April 4, 1872.
Office Citt suuvti
Savannah. (Tl, Ayn.: .
Messrs P. Pellegrini & Co. :
Gentlemen—Your saver dated 4th reeriv-
day. iu reply, I cau ouly say that thare is gc
versity of opiui.-u .u relation to t'le iu -r ts
the cement pipe. Quite a number of our m ,
nave no coufi.tencu in it. individually,
i see uo reason why, if properly made, r. D1
uot auswer the purpose. Upt) tbe
we have had u > occisiou to fill*, lault wu;
has been laid too short a lime for us to if
by persoual observation the effect of acids
The terra corn pipe have always giveu sa:.
The cost of trausportatiou makes tlae-u s >u»c
than cement. Very respectfully,
John B. Hugo, C,ty fr'ur
JCl,
k-tiri
witli
On b’riday night laat the Street Commute
Oity Coaucil undo the following report
nes
thoe
Uni
g«(]
«<Jg,
Council. The subject matter hiving been r “Hen
to thi-m with power to act upon tie p-: 4B
Messrs. Elsa-, May *k )o„ which stat-il
drainage ou Mitchell street was obatruci-J
periect, so as to cause the water passing do-
tree: to overflow the basement oi thiir* .
hear what the Street Committtee have to ss
>1
P«ri
that,
otlu
REPORT. Fra;
We have eiamined th i pieiiUon of Masar* -JT
May A Co ,An reference to the water on iL i ll
street overflowing their has *ment. aud have caf,
the sewer to be dug up, aua found tiiat rba IDtn
cret-j sewer pipe" placed there ab mt a year
have been completely crushed aud b.oksu, an
sewer entirely stopped up, the pipe null Ij;
being brokeu bith from the top and *>ot c.
der the authority given us by this Comic-.:,'d
to act." we took the concrete cemeut pipe u, -
bad pia-ccd down in the sewer the i.-rra ' itt,P
which we now thiua wih remove the oau»eo(.
plaint.
4Ul
ami
This ’report ia signed by each membt* o(
Street Committee, aud was agreed to witaoal
sent by the entire City Council.
GEORGIA WESTERN BAlLBOAP.
One of the diroo ors of the Georgia Western
road, having called our attention to diefict
the concrete pipe put down for drainage ba
road some few in iiitia ago have filled (ora
reason to perforin its function*, we mils a
the place com p.tm: d oi to ascertain tue ra
ti e failure, aa well aa to get au oppcrti nit) t-
our pipe tested by the officers of tue roat. "•
covered along the entiic line wherever
pipe had been placed that it was broken, —
aewert stooped up. ana wa c uld discovot -
aon lor this except the inferiority ol tne i
sewer purposes iu viawo; uii- -act, wa th.-
lered terms to the Georgia West ru KailiuJ
have our pipe tried, with ’.tie express un l -i*.i-
that w« wfiuld lay it down al uurovu co«c,-
pnulforoiie year after dt-a, :u tfiacvsui tin:
t
Dear Sir—Yours, March aOth, at baud, making i swmou the purpo-e tut5.,Ue*a; il no:, *s
inquiries ai to my experience with stoneware pipe,
etc. My urst use of these was ou the Central Branch
Ouiou Pau.flc Kadr oJ, running west from -ti.m-
sju, Kansas, duroig the year 18i>4, at points where
no reck could be i-btaiued for cuiv.-rts. auti »vhel-e
the drainage was sm ill. Tney .ave excellent nii s
faction, nut. mnug the next y--»r. eemeut p-.cs
were Or mgfit to my tiotic *, aud as I could ce- »
larger caiioer of cement pip-*, wuti gas pipej-.in
in»n of stoneware, I concluded to give t'em . n-.a .
but soon found that they would nut staud tin: irost;
-ende*. a-ter tbe water uad cut thr- ugh ihe gt.z ng
ot tue pipes, they guou cruniided nu'd too wed vo
wiiustaud t-o pressure of the bank aud me
crushed. The stoneware pipes, w .re g-u-'ally .fi
gomi condition in the fall of -869, wheu 1 .eft the c.
B. Road. We have UBed somoni *hu st mew.vre pipes
ou this read, where drainage was small, but geut-r-
aliy our drainage is sc gr-at, aud lock si conveni
ent, that we use box culvert- instead. Y'ours truly,
O. B. Gunn, Chief Engineer,
Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad.
Memphis, 1'enn., March 18, 1872.
Gkntlemen—My experience wi k thi stoneware
pipe for ii e as culverts and drains for railroads,
extends bacf to 1859 and 1-56), iu which years I used
some t ve ve or fourteen h ludroti feet of twenty-
iu-u pipe io the oonstractiou of culverts in bunding
tie vlississiopi and Tennessee Railroad. Daring
the pas', two y ‘ars I have used one or two th >h*and
lest of your eiguteen aud twenty four inch pipe iu
building culverts on tha Memphis and Charleston
Ratiroa 1, some of them unde- iweuty aud thirty
feet embaukuieuta. I have no hesitancy iu saying
that, wnen these pipes were properly laid down,
aud b: ends well secured an 1 protected With wing
walls aud aprons, they make by tar th* cheapest and
aios' effectual draiu for small Water ways lor rail
road use that can be found. As to the durauility of
the waienaL there can be no question whenever
thoroughly ourueti and vnrified.
Very respectfully.
NILES MEKJ.WETHER. Chief Engineer,
Memphis anu Charleston Railroad.
CEMENT PfPE> FOR BRANCH SEWERi.
St. Louis, March 26. 187
To the Editor of the Democrat:
III
to youaiWi
* c*iiorial comment on my note
b.allied in your paper of the 2t>th,
I wii rep>y tuat it ha** not i e~n my wiah or desire
or anything to be publianed mat migut reflect in
any way up >n the man trial pursuits ot any one ;
but you aay that “tne ceineni pipe aiaaers challenge
thn inatmoiinr ox/ ihu niima in «xaa— * 1 nil* Ir id II* it
the inspection af th-pipes iu use," etc. It is uot,
ther t re, out of place, iu vindication of the course
taken by the Sewer Committee in ordering no more
cement pipes to be used in branch sewers, to men
tion tuat iu 1867 - here was laid dowu about 40 j feet
of 13-inch cemeut pipe between Fourteen tn and
F.lie-utu streets, anti between .-pnug and Wright
vreeis. which was taken npabautone year after it
waspu. down, and found in pieces so crushed as
to caoke the waiei w*v. which was the cause ot
its removal. The pipe-ma*-., huwc**r, -uppneu
others which were claimed to be better. Notwith-
staud.ug this, the cost to the city was considerable.
- a -*e -h.t time we h*v no reason u> suppose that
it ass uecayea.
A siu, in 1»68, on I effiugwell Avenue, south of
Franklin Avenue, 149 feet of 18-iucii cement pipe
waa taken up, about one year after it was Hi.i doiv
to «:ve o ace to s larger or mair sewer, when _r wa-
uoiiuag. our prop.)tit.
.ed by th - lUpoi-in jjtie
». r ,aj IV e ti d uo *nc
,-l iao * lio u ia .- r.u;
IS ii'.ctiu- d to appear iu
l* lie*
--.eu
ip-u
him -eli ny .asiug
laVOl- tu
f -Jt: f J
AXh i-N V, UA„ A^lll
Messrs. PcUigrinidt Oeorgi, AUantu, lio...
Gents—Yours of the ldik received -ad c
noted.
In reply, X would say that the vitrifi-i
pipe, when properiy glazed, aa*l unuer -
Oaukment, ha-i thUi far proven satisl ac’-c >
uted ia ihiscity. There is no heavy euinu*
ou auy pipe acre, aud X have had uj ex-a^.-.
tue crasumg of pipes by weight.
Tho breatiug oi the vitrified pipe ou a*
street last iati was uot a fair test, ai it wai L
uiaaa -mi aud ouver-d the same day or day -
was laid ah an uuusnil heavy fall of w .ter c
at tue same tun-, and the pipe wa* u
enough uud-r any circumstance, is tny r -.is -'*'
saying it was an aulair test.
The only failure of the concrete pips in H
was ou Machel street, near the orossiug oi ;
st.eet. The pipe was oad.y b»ken aud-fi 1
showed tuat some o» the cmueui used was au u
The manutacturers of it claim that a ce - 1 ’’™
too very near it, and several feet ■ o-v --
exposed one side of it, and tuat the fir*-1*- *
doue by siniing rock ov -r it. This they ud--
davit to. I
As before meed there is no embinkm ut» -]
citv ovany pipe ot sufficient weigat to *«•
s.cengtn of them. W. ii- bass-
Civil Eu*- 1153
We think from reading all that has heen?s--J
the foregoing as to the relative ■ menu oi ifia •
Cotta Pipe and ihe Concrete CenK-n* 9ip8. ’
minded public will not be slow in reciAim*
verdict in iavor of the former. Wa have ]
to bring on this controversy; blit, ou tie oj--
have time aud again sought to %voni
forced ou us we had uo ..esiumey in --I- 1 ’ _
for our side ui the queauuu. aaok- « uuu* i® 11
riomv ciaune (:u. me ca»crele pipe id, 1
special eharacteristics" exists bfib in thi*
non of the manutacturers of pipe, wLuo
special characteristics iu reality belong 3 ,1
*.erra *-uaa v.fi.fit 0 -azed ;-ipe. maaufa* J-‘ |
By the Public's Humble Serum* 3
F>iLs itxiklAl S.