Newspaper Page Text
A thens Supt.27. 1831.
OCTOHER ELECTIONS.
Tit Oil P TICKET.
For Governor.
GEORGE It. GILMER.
Lmislnture.
Mu. Thomas Mitchei.i.. Senile.
Rtprcieulatirn.
CllABlES DoUCIIEHTV, Esq.
Asnui’.Y Hum.. L-'q
I)oct. William P. On a ham.
CLARK TICKET.
/•’or Governor.
WILSON LUMPKIN.
Lr"islulm e.
Stevens Thom.s Esq. Senate.
Rrprtsc.ntahvr.s.
Doer. .Tames Tinsi.f.y,
Col. John II. Loave.
■—v—I.- 5
AiluTtismirnlH unavoidably crowded out shall
|,o attended to in our next paper.
Our friends will confer u Invor by furnishing ns with
returns of the election, «illt as little delay ns possible.
ronsi. Unity object to Mr. Gilmer?
i I,, tin, I,,'lowing fuels:
( March 18-2!, Mr. Bumpkin address, t
Cla.lt, resigning his scat in 'lie I.t'Hts
■cof Georgia, at tlio extra session of Unit year.-
!.. being as he was in 180G, Hie advocate of targ
s wil l iso to surrender hi-- 4 individuai
mi imo.v to the tviLis and wisflv.S »>f his constituent?.-
He wotdd not admit the right of the people to govern hi
opinion upon a question soimpoitant to their interests !-
and then fere lie resigned li
him not n mailer of policy o
What did Mr. Lilmer do 7 fie simply
reserves; but yielded hi? opinion to the* opinion of (he
representatives of the people, and sanctioned the bill
Feat
vith
The Effigy.—During
vnss, now about t*> <I<»30 at least fo
caused us so of* fiiip i?*’. at? d no htt
witness the numerous tricks that In
ole of the political can*
while, it has | Tuln
musement, to
been resorted
Hr
•In the power of attorney from Charles
Hubert Humes, published two weeks since,
3d .Ian. 1326, read 3d Jan. 181G. Urn
Washington New* will please observe ibis cmeiion.
In ilie 36tb line from tlie bottom of the 3d column
of ludgo ( luyton’s address, for "prevailing," read
'* pervading."
-<g>—
jVVie Professors.—Duel. Multbus A. Ward, and the
Hcv. William Lehman, vVe understand, have each ac
cepted their appointments in the Cmvcrsity of Heorgia.
They will commence their duties on the first of Jwnuu*
ry next. llev. Mr. Olin, Professor of Ethics and Belles-
Lettres, is also expected here shortly.
—CKt>—
To Correspondents.—The first number of“ The CSlinst
r,f Powhatan** is received. Our limits* ibis week would
not have admitted of its publication, had we read it,
and decided upon its admissibility. “An eye open”
is necessarily excluded, and wifi be out ol date next
weak. “ A Claikitc” is entirely too personal—its ml
mission could only add •acrimony to feelings already
ftijilicimiily excited. Wo must therefore decline pub-
Halting it. Other communicationson hand will be dis
posed ofUercaticr.
—
Judge Clayton's Mlcess.—The remarks of his lion.
4udtfc Clayton in pasai ig sentence upon the i9m«hi
aries, may he sccryou reference to our last page They
furnish in our opinion an unanswerable argument in
fa vi r oftlie justice of the course Georgia linn pursued,
and are addieased in a spiiit of convincing mildness, lie
not only shows them guilty of a violation of law, hut
yiroves their conduct inmnvhtrnt and unjust, from
their own professions of faith and practice. By their
own law lie condemns them. The remarks need only
to be read, to carry conviction of their truth to the mind
of every impartial and intelligent man,or every ration
al Christian.
Who are you going to rote for 7 This inte-rogatory
form? t!i«- caption to an article which we this day pub
lish, over the signature of “ A Plain Old Farmer ;’* it
may hr read with advai Inge by the honest and the
candid of both parties, and submiM-d to their un-,
prejudiced perusal. I lie last defence of Mr. Gilmer’s
adminihtrution, and of the partv of which he is I tin can- |
didate, iaiiow made. It clove* the skirmishing prepa
ratory to the great battle which will he fought, and we
confidently believe, Won, on Monday next. Wo would
have peace, but the war-ciy of the enemy is ever upon
US. A writer of th- CUrlt r «,» r admonished ns last
year that “as the principles they defended were undy
ing, so should be the measure of their opposition.”
Scarcely two years have elapsed since the leaders of
the same party were elamoinu* in defending the clat ns
of Mr. Gilmer to the office which lie now holds; scarce
ly seven months have passed since Mr. Lumpkin was
the public encomiast n! Mr. Gilmer’a measures, and
impliedly of his principles. What has produced the
change ? Now not only the friends of Mr. Lumpkin,
but Mr. L. himself has joined the crusade against the
Executive of Georgia. I? the recommendation of
iracives hearing heavier upon the people now than in
November? Is it less censurable now than it was m
February to “engender new strifes,” or to “embitter par
ty animosities?” Surely not. Lotus examine the conse
quences of this opposition. Mr. Gilmer's views upon
the KUlgcct of Indian testimony, were submitted to
the Legislature by the suggestion and in accordance with
the views of Gen. Jackson; this i* one of the objections
Urged against Mr. Gilmer. Will Mr. Lumpkin and his
friends abandon Gen. Jackson for his suggestions upon
that subject ? Can they consistently, can they honest
ly make this an objection to Mr. Gilmer ami not to
Gen. Jackson ? We should think not: Let the peo-
ple beware, thcro arc strange rumors afloat that all is
not right—that Calhoun uud not Gen. Jackson, w ill be
benefit ted by the election of Mr. Lumpkin to the Ex-
ccutive Chair of Georgia, 1 he objections to Mr. Gil-
U>er have been before met, and successfully refuted.
Yot bis recommendation of reserves—of Indian testi
mony, ia harped upon by ihc Editors of the Federal
TJnion, who arc obstinately bent on “dogging” the
public into a belief that these accusations are really
true.
With what grace can the editor* cf the Fedcnl
TJnioa, with what grace can the encmiea generally of
Mr. Gilmer,object to him and not to Mr L. upon the
ground of reserves 7 Look ol Mr. Lumpkin’s views in
1806, in the article of “APlain Old Farmer,” who in
supported in his statements by the journals of that
year look at his view s in 1821, when he was in con-
***** opposed to giving all the land to the people—look at
lu. Mew. 1825, when he .dmrtied they were th,
M -..la Itttl look at hi* View, in November 1830.
xtrben to approbated the mmje „f Mr. Oilrorr-lo-k
“'.lute, i„ Kehrii.rjr |,3I
--Hid yielding to the dteUlc. of hot,.,, eonrmence
which they hail passed, disposing of the Cherok- , . , ,
. , , .... r >. , • „ • „„ n r Ptent as wo would wilhnglv bell
try without reserves. I lie following is an extract ol \» -
Mr. I .’s letter to Gov. Clatk, of the datcand year above
referred to :
“In making n disposition of the late acquired trrri
torv, ns a member of the legis’ature, I thould feel inv-
self under obligations paramount to even other cnnsii'
oration, to set apart and apply a sufficient portion
the lands, or raise funds flier* from, hv laying a higher
price upon the gran’s of the fortunate drawers of good
lands; adequate the establishment of a permanent
fund fir the mutual benefit of the whole people of Geor
gia, with a view to carry into effect the great ami im
portant objects of Internal Improvement ami Free Schools
—embracing in one object the improvement of river
navigation, the eonstructingof cano's, and making good
| and no marnnt great market road*. 1 '
I “per fit me in tendering mv resignation, to assure
von fli.-i* I am not influenced in tlii« step, from a want
I of public feeling, or solicitude for the welfare of the
state- for f really tlrrlin•• n service, which would in
even respect he peculiarly agreeable and pleading—if
I conceived that I could discharge it to the satisfaction
oft c people, a ,1 n* the same time to the approbation
of mv own HO’ SCIENCE.’*
Mere we have the views of Mr. Lumpkin, up to the
31st March 1821. In a publication made by Mr. L.
lated Sept. 10, l8*2o, ns we are informed by the editors
of the Georgia Journal in their paper of July 11, Mr. L.
“ For n fair development of mv opinions with regard
» the distribution of our public land, I will present to
our consideration the following letter written hv my-
[•If to Gov. Clink, nod published in the Georgia Joiir-
al of the 10tl» of Apu! 1821.”
And in the Fame publication lie says,
“ Although in favor of the lottery system. I was dis
puted to raise from the fer n on the grants of fortunate
drawers of good lauds, or from reservations—or both—
pie fund to carry into effect the objects pointed
out in my letter.”
in this paper of August 2d, ovj*r the signa
ture of “ One of the People,” asks Mr. L. the following
questions.
“ l)i«l you not last winter approve of the message of
Gov. Gilmer, and particularly, that part which set forth
his principles and policy, with regard to our Cherokee
lands?”
“Did you not last winter oppose the rash project of
survey ami occupancy of the t’herokee lands ?"*
The lust of these questions has never been answer-
ed or denied by Mr. L. or his friends. With respect to
the second, the editors of the Federal Union, say he is
in favor of taking immediate possession of the Cherokee
country : the editor of the Augusta Chronicle says it is
a “ dangerous policy,” and that Mr. L. is opposed toil.
Time has been allowed the friends of Mr. L. to deny
Ins approving of Mr.Gihner’tj message. The Recorder
of the 1st insl. says ;
“ Wc have good authority for staling, (much better
than our Federal ClnrL neighbors had for their avowal
in behalf of Mr. Calhoun.) thnt while in this place du
ring the session of the Legislature last winter, IVJr.
Lumpkin expressed hi.sdcruled approbation oftlinrnea
sure.? which the party supporting Air. L. are now cen
suring; tor the purpose «»f putting him in Mr. G.’s place.”
Now how stands the case? On the very eve of the
election, seven weeks after Mr. Lumpkin was indirect
ly charged with approving of tho Governor’s Message,
and four weeks ntier he was directly charged with it,
and the public assured thnt it was mafic upon “good
nuthoiity,” the editms of the Federal Union, eva
sively remark, “VVe have von little doubt hut that this
statement will got up, at this late hour, for political
effect.” August 2d, n “late hour!” Surely, Messrs.
Editors, you have forgotten yourselves. Mr. Lnmpkm
has n«rerdenied it. VVe much doubt w hether ho thinks
it prudent. AVc doubt whether he dare deny it. We,
have therefore hie opinions up to November, 1830, up
on the subject of reserves. Since June, 1831, it is true
Mr. Lumpkin's opinions have undergone a change ; he
is now, as he is Candidate for Governor, and the recom
mendation of reserved is one of the objections to Mr
Gilmer, less in favor of reserves tkasi formnly, hut still
a frit ml to reservations. Would this declaration havo
been made, had Mr. L. not become a candidate 7 Wo
ask for information.
fCT* The decision in the case of Cunalco, a (Micro
kei; Indian arrested lor digging gold, was made by,
Judge Clayton at the last term of tho Superior Court
in Gwinnett county, li was, as wc understand, ad
verse to tho riglp of Georgia to prohibit tho Indians
from digging gold upon lands to which they have the
right of occupancy. The question w ill ho referred to
the Legislature at its next session. It will be seen by
the letter below, that the Governor is of a different
opinion from the Judge, and bus taken measures to
have the law obeyed, in conformity to what he con
ceives to be its true spirit and intent.
I'.XRCVTIVr. DtrATlTMENT, )
MilledgeviUe y Sept. 20, 1831. )
Sin: I have just learned that the Judge of the West
ern Circuit ha* decided that the law for the protection
of the mines in the territory occupied by the Chero-
kees is void, and has discharged an Indian from con
finement wIm Imd been arrested by tho Guard for its
violation. A® the effect of this decision will be to cre
ate the opinion among the Indians, that they ore now
licensed to plunder tho State of this valuable property,
I have thought it proper to give v.nicxpieM instruc-
to by the o ,position editors, to injmc our cause, and
create a fav Table opinion «>f theirs. The most trivial
events, the use of w'dch they imagined could possibly
benefit them, have been seized upon with singular
avidity, and turned, and twisted, and distorted, to stii’
their peculiar purposes. Through the thick veil with
which their misrepresentations have covered the naked
!v" hut of conscience. li l ‘ aJ generally been very easy to penetrate and j
tided | expose their wickedness in all its deformity; hut among |
tin se, some charges and imputations have been pro
mulgated, not only destitute of a reasonable hope of nl- |
tinmte proof hut even a semblance of foundation. Sa-1
these editors to 1m, |
re Jed to expect plausibility in their reasoning or
insertions, and we are therefore inclined to impute
iheir frequent want of it to sheer political desperation,
r>r else to some vain and delusive hopes of the gullibility
»f tlie people. In no instance, has this want of fore-
.f sight been more glaringly displayed, than in the state
ment of the Augusta Chronicle of the 17t l» tilt, that the
Gilrner party “burnt Thos. Haynes, Esq. in effigy” at
this place, on the night of he third of that month.
At that time, we declared the charge utterly without
foundation, and its author a wilful calumniator. 1 o
this the Clirniicle of the 11th mat. contains, in answer,
an article nearly four columns in length. It commences
with some ridiculous winnings, (ridiculous, because
emanating from such a source), and canting remarks,
about editor® being “liable to honest errors”, excited
by ‘houest prejudices”, and, withal, very “intolerant”,
of the mistakes of one another. He then, without
adducing proof of Ins charge, or candidly owning i's
falsity, all at once turns critic, and wastes a wer
of woida” upon the di-tinction between “burning” and
‘hanging”, ami the term “wilful calumniator”, ns ap
plied to himself He affects, also, to treat us with
much mildness and moderation, at the same lime ex
pressing his modest opinion, that our “violent charges”
wil “recoil with leu-fold force upon the author of
them”. *A briber Ibis may be the ease or not, lias
nothing to do with the main question : Wc are w illing
t" suffer the consequences of our temerity—it is Ihe
charge against the Gilmer parly that demands our at
tention. That charge was a sweeping denunciation
against (he whole party : as such, it wn* denied ar.d
dec.nrrd utterly without foundation. How docs the
editor of Ihe Chronicle attempt to prove it? lie as
sumes it as a fart, that the two or throe students who
were engaged in making tho effigy, were of the Gilmer
partv, and therefore he contends, it wns the act of “the
party”. I bis rcas »ning no one will admit to bclogicnl ;
it wav, petbaps, bo an attempt at sophistry ; but it will
even fill in that respect: It is too weak to be honored
with the name of reasoning. But, in order to put it
out of bis power to argue from the premises be lias
1 so unwarrantably assumed, we will inform him, that
since the publication of his last article, wc have made
some further inquiry into the matter; and the result
of our investigation is, that we have been assured by
two gentlemen, on whom wo can rely, and who are
intimately acquainted with the parties conce rned, that
only two persons were engaged in it; and those two
are both Clark-mcn : Another informant says, there was
one Troup and one Clark man. What will the editor of
the Chrouic'e say to this? Wc might now turn round,
and, using his own arguments, charge the whole Clark
party with burning Mr. Haynes m effigy; but wc scorn
to do it. Those who were engaged hi the ac»,nre alone
answerable for it; we cannot justify- them ; yet wo will
not be so ungenerous as 'o censure all who hold politi
cal faith with them.
One remark further, and wc have done: The editor
of the Chronicle was in Athens at the time this trans
action took place, and several days afteiwarns, and
could cosily have informed hinisclfof all the necessary
facts respecting it. If be failed to do this, he i3, under
the circu nstances, as morally guilty of falsehood, as
though be bad not known the particulars, and yet
marie a contrary statement. If lie did make himself
acquainted with the facts, be is equally rulpablo for the
nuH-Htatcmcut he has imposed upon the public He
must occupy one of these positions; and, in either
case, the term “wilful calumniator” is well applied.
We leave biin to take which cur horn of the dilemma
he chooses.
— <#»>—
The following is an extract of a letter from George
M. Troup t.* tho Delegation of tho State of Georgia, in
the Congress of the United Slates;
“flUledgcviUc, QXst Ffbntary, 1827.
“Of nil the wrongs unntoul-v and cruelly inflicted,
none have been borne with more patience than the
charge of seeking a dissolution of the Union. My in
tentions have been to cement und perpetuate it, by
preserving, inviolate, the rights of the parties to the.
compact, without which, the compact would he of no
value, und to this end I have unceasingly laboured.
Time may probably disclose, that a very imperfect
judgment had erred in the adoption of the best means,
but the intentions will remain tho eame, and be who
t finally jtidgo, will certainly not mistake them."
djny thing for Office This motto seems to have
token the lead of all others with aomc of thcmipport-
ers of Wilson Lumpkin, and acting upon it they do not
hesitate to commit almost any act for the furtherance
of tlmir interest. They will censure and applaud,
charge and exculpate, attack and defend, slander and
prevaricate, just as the popular will appears *o direct
Reckless of principle, they innintuin-a position no lon
ger than they find it their interest to do so ; a sacrifice
nflioncst opinion for popular favor is with them no dis-
honesty; they change with every varying breeze with
out an apparent qualm of conscience ; in fine, they are
true to the motto, "any thing for office." We do not
say this of the whole party, but of ®.*me conspicuous
individuals, some rf their public orrans. Among other
f against Governor Ciln.cr, but finding that the law-
• ?t execution of our h gisla’ive • -lineaments hv
that excellent public servant, wineUs with an ablf advo
cate in the person of the Rev. Mr. Ilouaid, he could
not but vent bis spleen upon the Methodists general-
celvttd from T)r. Repso, a respectaliln 2t>nr c .
man of litis State, wlto lias lately return: d f,
a visit in tlio Chcrokees, and whoso i-nmier.
lion with sotttp ot the influential linlflirecd
Chiefs has enahhtd him to acquire an aernnuj
else ran he expected from thof
i "any thing for office?" Nothing! No-
The Who.
ourt, a mr
that lu
te defend it, that you may be justified hi puiEuing | abusive slanders, the Mnron Telegraph of the 17th
that course,
I have no doubt that the Legislature has the million
ty to lake possession of the mines, and ihe constitu
tional iiftht to pass laws to protect them from trespass.
Hv the law which has be-n passed, the Governor is
directed ro take possession of the mines, and to cause
all persons to be arr sled who may attempt to violate
that possession. The special object of your appoint-
mem and tire organization of the Guard under yoor
command, was tu enable the Governor to obey these
lequirements 1 on are not an officer connected w ith
the Judiciary Department, but the agent whom the
Legislature ha* authorized the Executive to employ, to
perform a public service which wae imposed by law,
upon that depaitincnf. ’
Vou will tucruore arrest every person who may be
mund attempting to lake away any gold from the
uiinet. Vou «dl give general information in the Cl.ero-
kee country ol the determination of the Executive
Department to enforce the lows so as to prevent, it
possible, the necessity of making any arrests.
The peaceful acquisition of our Indian territory, and
tne preservation of ihe rights ol the State may depend
'sseniiatiy upon your prudence and firmness in execu-
mg the duly which has been assigned you.
' eiy KcspccHuffy, A ouia, v Ne.
,, , , L , GEOBGF. R. GII.MEIL
Col. John II . .7. S no ford.
f inst. contains oneofa very aggravated nature upon the
I respectable body of Methotiists in this State. It is in
the form of a communication addressed to the Rev.
John Howard, of which the following is an extract:
“Look around you; do you not see that the Troup
party have greatly succeeded in connecting their cause j
ijli Methodism,und that Church in this State? Do!
Ij— tluislinpinc to tfl'oct an nnhallowt-d ol.jcct by a knowledge of llto design of that cla.in of tj,*
total tlinrecartl nl truth, aoil we had almost .aid, de- Indians ; and a forrespondenco had with th,
1 —- 1 - ‘ 11 Surveyors who have been lately engaged in
dividirtii the country occupied by theClurn.
Iters, into aeelinns and distorts, and whose
rn11>I<■>!11c111 led them into a very uorrsrrvi J
intrrrnurao with nil classes of the Indians,
The opinions expressed by those persons j„
favor of the plan of removtnp the Clierokeet
by enrolling individuals for emigration, rather
than by treaty with the Chiefs, is confirmed
bv information derived front various other
sources.
The t object is of groat importance not onlv
to Ihe pence, prosperi'y and quiet of the Slate
hut to the character of the government, 'iiir.
obstructions which havo been thrown in tl !( .
way of the execution of the contract of 1802-
the long continued indifference and neglect of
the General Government, and its actual oppo-
situui in 1805-C ; tho constant torront of a-
buse which party violence lias poured upon
tlio authorities of the Slute and its people on
at count of I lie measures which have been a-
dnpted for tho support of its rights of soil ami
jurisdiction ; the influence which that pariizuu
violence is now exercising over the Cherokee
Chiefs, in inducing them to continue their up.
position to the laws ofGeorgin, and inexciltnn
their expectation that by a change of the pre-
s m administration of tho General Govern
ment. they will be secured in the rights of self,
government; the conduct of the Chief Jus
tice of the United Stales, in interfering with
the administrktinn of tho criminal law of tho
Statn ; and the intimation given the ( hero-
Itees, in Ihe late decision of the Supreme
Court, that the Intvs of GeorL'ia were ext ecd-
mgly oppressive ; that tho State had neither
the right of jurisdiction nor of soil, have all
conspired so to irritate tile public mind here,
that it will be excessively difficult, perhaps
impossible, to prevent the Legislature front
disposing of all the hinds of tho Stale assigned
to the Indians for their oecnpancy, except so
much as may he in their immediate posses
sion, or required for their support, unless the
President shall he enabled, during the present
year, to adopt such measures ns will give as
surance that the Cherokees will he certainly
and shortly removed from Ihc Stale. It 13
important that tho government of the Slate
should know whether it Ims become impossi
ble for the United States to execute the con
tract of 1802, so that its policy in relation to
tho Cherokees, may no longer be infl teneed
by the expectation of that event.
Hitherto the Indians havo neither been
compelled to pay taxes, nor perform any civil
duties. The only operation of the laws, since
tho extension of the jurisdiction of the Slate
over them, lias been to protect them from in
jury, by the punishment of crimes, and the re
moval of the whites who had been tempo d in
to their country by the attraction of the gold
mines.
The State is nl this time maintaining n
guard ut great expense, for the purpose of pre
venting the exercise of assumed authority on
independent of 'ho''Umlcd .Siates nnd Geor- 'ho pari of the Chiefs, from the expedition
gia, and would bn scrured to them through the 'hat Ihc President would be enabled, during
the present year, to succeed in removing the
Indians beyond ils limits, nod the strong dis
position felt by its authorities to avoid the
adoption of any measures which might havo
even tho appearance of violating the laws of
humanity, or the natural rights of tho Indians.
If the Cherokees are to continue inhabi
tants of tho State, they must ho rendered sub
ject to the ordinary operation of tlio laws, with
less expense and trouble nnd more effectively
than heretofore. The Slate must put au end
to even tho semblance of a distinct political
society among them. It Inis been hitherto
permitted, from the belief that llietr happiness
required il, and that such a state was not in
convenient nor injurious to the rights of Geor
gia. The ngitnlion which the Indian question
has excited throughout our country, and tho
manner in which it has endangered the must
important politieul rights of the State, renders
tt necessary that this should bn done. Tho
millions of acres of [find which pro now of no
value, ex cpt to add to tho gratification of (he
idle ambition of the Chiefs, must he placed in
the possession of actual cultivators of the soil,
who may be made tho instruments for the pro
per administration of the laws.
li is hoped Ihe President will concur with
me in tho necessity of making such efforts for
removing the Cherokees, ns will ascertain
whulher it he practicable at all, by treaty, en
rolment fur emigration, or any other means-
I trust that the importance of this suhjcct
will be my sufficient apology to the President.
ency. But
whose motto
thing I !
llor, — At the last term of Hall Supotiqr
wns ermi irteii of the crime of liog-nteal-
•nceil t'i receive fifteen !n«hes. It wns in
il ofi ihe Ima’s head and llnew it
uwuv, to prevent detection. After receiving his pun
ishment, and while, polling on his shiit, tin very ermllv
observed, “’I he next time ! do such a trick, I'll go the
while liog. 11
Indian Emigration.—It was announced sometime
since in the Georgia Journal, that Ihe President had
given directions fir the opening of an emigration ofiice
in the Cherokee Nation, ami it was then suppos
ed that before this time it would have been in success-
fill operation. The letters following will explain sa-
tisfactnnlv tlio reasons fur Ihe delay that has occurred.
They will also show with whut perseverance the Go
vernor has advocated the measure, n measure which we
confidently expect will be of great benefit to the State,
und which, should it succeed, will redound, os it ought
to do, to the honor of the President, end praise ami od-
miratinn of Governor Gilo.er’s ofTicia! acts.
r.xr.cuTivr. Department of Georgia, )
MiUc.tgcvMl, mil.June, lH.tl $
Sin : Circumstances have enabled mo In
collect much information ns In the present
temper and designs and probable future course
of the Cherokees. The great interest fell by
the people of tins State, in having them remo
ved from its limits, and tho contract of 1S02
finally executed, has iiiducn'd nte to communi
cate directly to the President, as mtieh of that
information as ntav possibly he useful to him.
m bis endeavors to effect that object. Strong
hopes were at one time entertained, that il
tho derision of the Supreme Court should he
against the application of tho Cherokees for a
writ ofinjunetion, to stay the jtirisdietion of
Georgia, that they would immediately treat
with the United Stales,.for Ihe extinguishment
of the present occupant rights. It is known
that previous to the decision, nnd during the
pendency of tho ease before the Supreme
Court, that all . lasses hud expressed their be
lief, that such would he the conr-e pursued by
them. These hopes have however proved il
lusory ; sinre that derision the wealthy and
influential half-breed Chiefs, have been ex-
ceedmgly active in persuading the people to
continue their present residence, in opposition
to the desire of the General Government to
extinguish their title, and in defiance of the
rights nnd power of Georgia. Tiieso efforts
have unfortunately been very successful. This
has resulted from the extra-judicial opinions
of the Supreme Court, in determining that the
Cherokee* formed a distinct political society,
separate from others, and capable of managing
ils own ufliurs, and that they were the rightful
owners ofthe soil which they occupied. Meet
ings of the Indian people have been railed in
most of their towns, at which their rluefs have
used these opinions to convince them that
their rights of self-government and soil wc
Supreme Court, and the change (which the
represent to lie certain.) in the administration
ofthe General Government.
From all the information I have received, I
am satisfied that the President would fail in
any immediate efforts he might make to exe
cute llic contract ..!’ 1802, by treaty with the
Chiefs, and thnt the attempt would only ex
pose the government to their insults, nnd in
crease llietr confidence in the unfortunate
measures which they are pursuing.
It is most respectfully suggested to the Pre
sident, that tm measure ran at present he suc
cessfully adopted for the execution ofthe con
tract of 1802, except that of inducing individu
als, families and lowns, to emigrate from this
Stale, by paying them the value for their im
provements, or giving them such other advan
tages ns may he found acceptable. And the
President is earnestly requested to try the ef.
fects of litis measure, nnd ns early as possible.
The great body oftlto common ludt us are
without wealth or power. Nothing prevents
their acquiescence with the offers of govern
ment, to untie them with that part of their tribe
on the West of the Mississippi—but their ha
bitual submission to the control of their Chiefs,
and their inert nnd listless character. What
is said of their strong desire not to ho separa
ted from the hones of their fathers, is hut ihc
expression of those whose ancestors’ remains
are deposited in Europe or the Stales. Tlio
confidence ofthe common Indians in the rule
of their Chiefs, has been of lute impaired by,
their appropriation of tho wealth ofthe tribe to I (,,r l *ic manner m which it lias been pressed
themselves, their descent from the whites, | "l* 01 ) consideration.
With sentiments of tlio highest considera
tion, I remain most.respectfully yours, &c.
GEORGK R. GILMER.
Andrew Jackson, President of llic U. Stales'
(corv.)
Deportment of War, .lugust 12lh, 1831.
Sir,—Your letter to this Department of June the 21st.
and Ihe adoption of their manners, nnd their
listlcssncss of temper in some degree, over
come by the fear of unknown evils from the
operation ofthe laws of Georgia. The Guard
which has been stationed among them, lias
been successful in preventing any tiespnsses
upon the Gold Mines—in putting u stop to , “'."J •-.••• •--••*■■ •••p..........u.»u..v-mi.-«,».,
■ , , ■ ,, . , • ,, ' , ! together with the cnmnuinicatmns accompanying it,
their Legislative Councils ; their Courts; the | was received in the doe course of mail. Your [etterto
execution of their laws*; und lit removing nil 1 to 'h* ! President ofthe day preceding, was also receiv-
hite men I'ront among tln tn, disposed to ex - 1 wl a '" 1 1 P r e 9,,l " c 1||C President’s answer has
"ijii .•iviiiuuiBiu. aim iiiai L.liurcii in iiiib cijic t l»u i o ■■■ •••* »*-» u.\- - . • ■ , , , ,
you not know that that Chuich has almost become sub-' cite their opposition to the government of the f uUv made k oovvm'am! m
1 he Chiefs ran no longer prevent ihc
people from enrolling for emignt’ion, by the
funr of punishment. If U thought probable
that the very attempt to remove the people by
enrolling individuals for emigration, will tend
fully made known, and in conformity with them, he
gave directions that the necessary instructions should
he issued by this Department, to carry into effect the
plan proposed by you, and approved by him. L'ntil
yesterday lie supposed this had been done. It was then
however ascertained that thsubject had been inad-
rteully lost sight of, and that the icquisitc instruc-
ient to that party ? How this state of things lias [ State,
been brought about, and how long they will continue,'
I will not undertake to sav ; but the fact 13 too appa
rent to be denied.”
“A tree should be judged by itB frnitf,** and a cause
by its advocates. Upon this principle, what will the
enlightened and candid part of community think of
that cause, the Mipportcrs of which dral in such un- - mv « v» meir i.miiH 1 , •. .. • ,
warranto.! abcac ? They will say it should not he sup. I They know that by the removal of the com-! (Ireaaed°l4 Mr'klontltomc^vth^Chrrokco’Agenl.* *
ported. Arc wc to suppose that a respectable and in-j Indians, they will lose their power, tho | sincerely trust that the measures will be followed by oil
tclligcnt body nf Christians will become
to the view sand wishes of a political party
we arc surprised that any on6 ahoulJ
effrontery to make the charge. The scent, iiutvcver,
to prinhu-o a willingness mi tho part of the '' ons llai ' no ’ been issued.
Chiefs to treat for the exrliunee of their l.in.ls ■ Tl,is d '" 3 ' lli,8 . no ' v b ” n anJ 1 h “ ve ,h , c
a ... ** . 1 1 1 1 ,,,w honor to transmit vnu th«» rmw « rttrr this dav ad-
“subservient” | exclusive possession of their country, anil lie-1 !l "’ ailvar >ia^»‘s you anticipate from it, and lhai il will
v. I Irnme miliie.-ioil i.. it.n , i hasten the removal of the Indians. And in the leaf!
ty/ Nu-and, come subjected In the p.ojtulices ot a while except!..nable mode. By the free choice of every mdi-
have the daring. population, with whom they will he mingled. vi.lual, looking to his own circumatancea and to those
I have enclosed to the
renirv of IV:
is this : The writer thinks the l»ie imprisonment of with the request that the same iiliv In- laid lie-
•he Mim;marie's a goq-J t.tcgr’ on which t-> cr'tl him- jfere the President, the ci.;iy <•!' a Liter Ins/ re-
( : tribe, and uninfluenced by the threat* or persua
sions nl others. Thi« ev. nt ia not more loudly called
for by the Gov- rnment and people ot .coipia, than it
1 •« in the IVrdcnt’s nnir.lon, by every conjideralici