About The Athenian. (Athens, Ga.) 1827-1832 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 4, 1831)
•2 ho a\? cm JLlhens, Oct. 4k. 1833.. ir-n- Wcnive lilac* !«> "The Ghost .ifPom hatan", tbit r.ur re«Jrr-Vniiy examine il.c a remnants pro ami con 1,‘dian question. Wo liave no room for comment*. the i.vmvx question— no. i. " fitiI this is n people robbed noil spoiled ; they are all of them snared in hides, and Ihe:/ are bid in prison houses ; they are for a prey, j and none deliverelh ; for a spoil, and none, sail!'. Restore."—Is.w.hj. j Tbi-re sire times nml sensnns in the progress , . , r i .i « *' 'j • ■ “The long ocony is over!” The election has termi- of I'liruin alfitrn, when lliti public mind m in " ' . , ... . . such n nioritiri and fovern.ll stole of nvrite- * 'H- lmrd f.u,l.i slrugii e for political ascend- that reason nml argument are addressed cc ! ,cd l™* «“»f° r ; hc . l,e “' ° r P»^*>on to ii in vain, "'lien the passions and preju- wc rouH 8av all; but that *vc cannot dare to hope.— There in too little of the inihl and peaceful spirit of forgiveness in this erring world, to make all of us rcudi- vnrious offensive acts or ex pressions wc may have witnessed in moments of excite, ment; we are loo little deposed to make due all' anees for human frailty ; too unrelenting in our censure. ami the warmth of partisan zeal which accompanied „ . . . • . . V".. the political canvass, has subsided ! Would to heaven dices of the people, arc aroused info action by 1 .. .. ... . , the worst motive!* which can npernto «hi the Iioaii of man, the moat -ndeninl.lo and i-.nvin- f ivenPSsi „ crrjnl{ o,„u truths, nro unheeded by thorn ;lh.-ir r.y^ nnJ f , lh „ fucullirs arc clouded by sclf-ml.-rest, . we nmy hsvo „ and tUir visual powers obstructed by art tnv penetrable veil, which shuts out from vieiv. ivory tiling incompatible with the gratification j •j.| )e c | rr ij, m |, n , terminated—how it has resulted, is of an inordinate thirst for gain. It is then with yet to lio made known. Both parties have been san millions thus heated ond disordered | |,, nn , ( ,f mccsis ; one, of coium, niust be disappoint influences, which ought so carefully to he avoided, they rush on to the commission of ,]. |f jt ia ours, we Host wc shall yield with becoming grace, under tin) conviction that though our opponents acts, which rittisf and U'ill ho condemned hy all i | )R># (- |ir ,| 1( , p rl . 3en t accomplished their desires, truth w ho are not operated upon by the same dnlu-, M .m u |i| inu i e ]y prevail, and with its omnipotent forcy, sive inducements; and which they, themselves, ourc>uiB w j|| prosper. If we have nt tbit time again will blush for, when their present itifuriatn, ( , llccorl | c( j i He shall regard it as a signal triumph of feelings shall have subsided, and given (dace | ;lr ,„ cl y, ; „ principle winch appeals in the judgment, <0 ihe calm results nf right reason, and urilii- j an( j r( .fl,. c ij oni ,, n ,| palriolism, and virtue, of enliglit- assed judgment. cned freemen, against the fiilde professions of those The human mind and its diversified afTcc-1 vv j l() Wl)ll | ( i their feelings of private interest, or (ions, is a piece of machinery of infinite varic-! Br | fil>h ciipidiiy. But cnoag!i of this, tv, and complexity of structure and notion J We now turn from the dry and uncongenial, yet no- and when it lultos a violent and wrong dire' 1 - eessary pursuit of puliiiral warfare, to look upon the lion, it is exceedingly difficult to restrnin it; wnt ld around us, and from tho fuir field which opens to (i oni the wildest excesses. This is a truism j „ ur view, cull tho most fragrant flowers to please the abundantly verified by tlie history of every senses and to ehcer the heart j to amuse the different age and nation ; and in no instance of recoil j tastes of our various patrons, from the sentimental t- occurrence, lias it hcPO more ftlllv nod fairly the lover of the ludicrous ; from tho philosopher to the brought into public view, limn in llin conduct devourer of melancholy accidents; from the fair reader ofGoergin, in rolnlinn to the Cherokee Indians, nf poetry and mnrriages, tnthe ordinary newsmonger. The position in which tho state finds her ' H'o shall explore ihn regions nf fancy, untrammelled self, in regard to these aborigines of the conn-j bv Ihe drawbacks and restraints of real life wc s! try ; these children of (lie lake and tho forest, descend araia to tho earth, and note the changeful who are just emerging from the savage and tidings of the limes. In short, our task will lie, as it hunter life, into a civilized and ugrtrult.irul ever his been, in furnish matter for rnurlittnn t is. indeed, one nf “ n wakening interest” to the r. hnlo community. The eyes of tlie Christian world ure turned toward* Georgia, and her resolves upon this momen tous subject, are looked to. with the deepest a(j j ( | e expectation nod concern. The honor mid character of the slule are at slake, mid the | oiar hjn.l fmtrons w-lio Imvo lilllo roliali (or wucli topicn, aursiion involves considerations and conse quences,that the wisest among usennnoi divine. Il' ll'.n cupidity and nvarico of the people, 1‘Thr grave, the gav, the saddened and urine.” This, ns far ns the limits of our hcbdomedal sheet will a'low, we shall endeavor always to accomplish ; J and when, on nrra»i"ns like Ihe one just past, we lay our usual variety to engage in political contra ersy, and discuss allairs of state, we hope those nf should tin! he stayed m their career of wrong doing, hy motives of humanity und kindness l i» .piU tlieir ici! fellow beings ; justice iml rcii non. al least should raise (heir voices to j will consider their foil investigation as necessary to the I perpetuation of our happy republican government, and excuse us accordingly. j '-<?£>- I Insurrection.—The good people of this town and in. ond have been wonderfully frightened for a but c.v-past, in consequence of Ihe numerous reports rest tho reckless avidity of those wlm arc j lw „.„ tcheJ from Nort |, Carolina and some liljny to overbalance and disregard ail nth-r , I., ee.» in our own Stale, of insurrectionary movements, i videralions in tho nhteiiillieill of the lain! • || , va s even suspected that a conapiracy tor such a pur* "I I'l'l't'tt, of ip'.red oppressed, und help- p„, e w „, all f, lo r here,and accordingly a large number ss laci- ol hunmu i reai-ucs. ;, r,, n , ’ 7.ens patrolled for twnnigbts last week. The lint who shall dare to stem tho rapid lido of j t . X pectei] tragedy, however, I urns out lobe a farce,“no strong I cause for apprehension having existed ; and wo believe rail v ceased. public opinion, which is now selling against nil persons ond opinions, adverse to J the alarm ha. the all pervading and overpowering spirit e h,eh actuates the great body of the people ofl Georgia " Im will have the temerity to tell | Internal Improvement.—Public attention lias been drawn, for a considerable time past, towards the sub. then, in n language not to be.misunderstood, ., or V nciIil , (mp our principal mar that the Indians are men, and (gl ow rreatures, L p| , by , )f „ al | , t ,„ ds> Turnpikes, Canal.,«tc.; nro, the children of d'O a n d in furtherance of objects so desirable, were dele- born ns free ns w same God, ll.nl they ore persons mill noi things, that they linve souls to lie saved nr lost, that they have rights which claim to be respected, and which cannot bn disturbed or destroyed, except by tlie unholy hands of power, pressing upon treatiirjj. of injiislicn overturning the seal of justice, of error, and falsehood, nntl in- fatuation usurping the places of right, and truth, and pinprioly; of wrong doing, instead of” doing unto others as we would they should do onto us ? Who ran pronounce without fenr nml trem bling ut the liili: that a units him, iIichk solemn and uncninpronnsing truths 7 Take from the Indians their lands, ihe inheritance of their fn thors from tho remotest times, around which you have chosen to extend the limits of your ctutc, and you sacrifico every principle of honesty nnd magnanimous feeling, al tho foot, stool of tho worst and most malevolent dispositions; tlml humanity would weep over conduct which her utmost benignity could never pardon or excuse ; and that Aslrca her self, finding no resting place among us, would seek consolation for her polluted attributes in some other place, moro congenial to her sa cred character. Such an nno is ruined, nt least for Ihn pre sent, in Georgia—ho will ho denounced nnd abused, marked out, and pointed nt,as nn ene my to tho interests of the slate and his party. The fiat of tho people in such a tumultuary state of feeling, tike Iho billowy surges of the ticenti, wilt overwhelm all who shall attempt to check or assuage it; whilst those who “ ride in the whirlwind und direct the storm,” will bo cherished, and nursed, and nurtured, and pro moted to tho highest places in thu affections of the people, and of influeneo and consideration in the body politic, entirely regardless of any intrinsic merit of their own, apart from this ca tering for the public appetite. Unpromising und hopeless as may bo the umlnrlaking, to disrnbo this subject of its ex trinsic coverings, and discover it to ihe people iu its true shape and dimensions, it will not bo avoided. It will bo attempted in several suc ceeding numbers to show to nil, nnd to con vince, at least, the moral and conscientious part of the community, that to possess our selves of the Indian lands by force, wo shall not only trample on tho rights of the Cltcro- Uees, hut shall abandon all those principles consecrated to the esuse of justieo nnd hu- inanity gales appointed to attend Ihe late Convention at Katon- tnn. Tlml Convention, ns tin, reader will obsi rvo by I lie nrliclv from llio Southern Hocorder below, basinet, accnmplidird its business, and adjourned. IVc hope die result of Ilia deliberations of that body, may bcpio- dacliveor public good, yet knowing an we do that in Ibis country of speculalinn and theory, il is much easier lo plan great works than lo execute them, wo arc loss sanguine Ilian w-c could wish to be. No doubt can he rntcrlainod lor a moment, llial improvements like those proposed by the Convention, arc more substantia! and' lasting sources of public and individual wealth, than almost any thing e lse in which an equal capital could be invested. They alibrd a variety of conveniences, even beyond tlie |ioivcr of pecuniary estimation. Of the particular routes recommended lo be surveyed, we nre nol competent lo judge with much Cbrrcctncss, though wo are inclined to regard them favorably; cine fact is certain nt all events, tlml whether the best or not, they will, if surveyed and completed, be of immense advantage to the Slate. Subjoined is the account of the proceedings from the Itccordcr. "The Convention which met ot Eatontoti on Monday the atilli ult. tins adjourned. It earnestly recommends a system of Internal Improvement to tho Stato—That tne Legislature authorise ilio Governor lo employ a competent Engineer or Engineers. to ineke e minute und careful survey of the principal lines of commercial communication in tiro Stale, with reference to their fit ness for Had lloads, Turnpikes, or Canals; aid so ilif- fuse among our fellow-citizens generally, the topogra phical information thus obtained. The Convention re- commends for aurvey the following lines: 1st. from Savannah lo Aognetu, thence loEaton- ton, and thence in a weatwardly direction to the Chat- talmochec. 2d. from Savannah to Macon, and thence to Colum bus, and n line connecting Milledgeville with that route. 3d. from Savannah to tho bead of navigation on flint river, and thence to Columbus. 4th. from Auguste to Athens, ond thence in Ilio most advisable direction towards the North Western boundary of tliit Slate, together with any other line or lines which may alfurd the prospect of important com mercial advantage. If Ihe State is disinclined lo undertake wiili tier own resources those improvements, the Convention recom mends, tlml by subscription for stock, loan.!, or other pecuniary aid, she co-operale with such companies as may be cnai lered for tho purpose ol improving the whole or »ny pert of any of the routes above men tioned. ” executive Clmenry. — We learn by tkn Milledgeville papers, that the Mrssronsiies and others, who were sentenced to Fenitpntiary confinement at the last Gwinnett Court, arrived there nn the 22d ult. The Uovernor offered a pardon to all of them, on condition that they would promise either to lake the oath or leave -—it- . ... , . , . the State. Nine oftliein arcepled the offer, but two of lS.n p«plc. y ' ,0C, ° ’ Bnd ll-Mia.ion.nc*. Mcssra. Worcea.er and Bmler, de- the Governor to the Inspectors of the Penitentiary, and their answer, will tie found annexed. At the sa term ol the Court at which these men were convicted, Judge Clay ion charged the Grand Jury to inquire into the alleged oppressions of tlie Guard upon the Mission aries. He elated that they were civil officers, and ame nable to the laws for using unnecessary rigor to prison ers, or any other mal-pracl ice in office ; that such treat ment ns had been reported to have been used, was not allowed bv Ihe law s of Georgia ; and that il was due to llieinsrlves ant) the character of the State, as well as therightsof the Missionaries, to have the matterin- veatigaled. No presentment Imiinp been made, it is reasonable to ttippo8e that no cause was found for any. Executive Office, j September 22, 1831. f Gentlemen,—f understand that n r.utnher of persons have been lately convicted in Gwin nett county, for illegal residence in the territo ry occupied by the Chorokees within the State, and will very soon he placed within the Penitentiary, unlees they should he considered proper subjects for tho exercise of the Execu tive clemency. As it is possible tlint sonio of these persons may have committed tho of fence of which they have been convicted, un der mistaken opinions of their own duty, or of Ihe powers of the Government, I am desirous of pardoning such of them as may have thus acted, and will now give assurances, tlint they will not again violate the laws of (he Stalo; if they should be found worthy of such clemency. You nre requested to see each of tho priso ners, and converse with them alone, and as certain from them whether they nre disposed to promise not again to offend the laws if they should ho pardoned. You are also requested lo asrertnin ns accurately as you can,, what has been Ihe goncral character of each of ihe convicts, and the motives which havo influen ced them in their opposition to (lie authority of tho Slate. The result of your enquiries and conversa tion, you will oblige me hy communicating ns early as convenient. Very Respectfully, Yours, &e. GEORGE R. GILMER. JMessrs. Jets. Cainak, Denj. .ft. IVhitc. Tom linson Fort, Inspectors of tho Penitentiary. Penitentiary, September 22, 1831. Sir,—In compliance with your request of this dale, wo met nt the Penitentiary, and in vestigated the ,-nses tof each ol’llie individuals brought from Gwinnett, separately. Enclo sed, wc send statements of James J. Trott — Samuel Mays (No. 1.) Edward Delosiur (No. 2.) Surry Eaton (No. 3,) Thomas Gann (No. 4 ) A Copeland (No. 5,)—You will find nlso, a written petition ill favor of S. Mays, enclo sed in No- 1. We havo personally examined Benjamin F. Thompson, James A. Thompson, and John F. Wheeler. The above persons all request your clemency, on condition that they will not ngaiti violate the law. They aro stated by Mr. Troll and Mr. Butlur, to he respectable, hon est citizens. With regard to Mr. Butler, he authorizes us to state, that ho could nut take tho until nf allegiance to the Slate, without perjuring him self, as ho views the ease—lie cannot consent to achango of residence with his present feel ings. Mr. Worcester states, that ho has taken the course ho has pursued, from a firm conviction of duty—if he had been disposed to submit, he would not have proceeded so fur—ho has applied to the Supreme Court, nnd expects to hear from his application. Mr. Wheeler slates that his family ia with in the chartered limits, and that ho intends to return there, but will nnt subject himself lo another arrest. Respectfully vour oli’t. sorvanls, BENJ. A. WHITE, ) JAMES CAMAK, } Inspectors. TOMLINSON FORT,) ivould aiaku them, yet auiioati d with hope, and un wavering in ihrir palriolism. Circumstances have thus far been in ihcir favor, else they must ere this time have fallen, a sacrifice to arbitrary power and tyrannical am bition. The Cholera Morbus has been in the ranks of their enemies, nml swept off more than have fallen in battle; am) though the Poles have suffered from the ravages of this dreudful disease, yet Ihcir loss is pro portionally small. Many Russian officers have died with it; among others, the Grand Duke Constantine, late Regent of Poland, nnd brother to the Emperor Nicholas. Our last advices represent the Emperor him- self as being near Ihe grave, from an attack of the coo- sumption. This event will probably he favorable to the cause of the Poles, and give a renewed impulse to their well tried valor. It is even rumored that the Bus. sian army has been ordered home, in order to preserve that tranquillity w hich seems to have been disturbed. This rumor is not authentic, hut w e hope il may be true. Our next advices will most probably sillier con firm oraleny it ; of which, as we intend hereafter to give a regular summary of foreign news, our readers will b» immedia'cly apprised. iljET Tho above paragraph was prepared before the arrival of the lust mail, which brought us accounts from I.ivcrpool to the lGth, and Havre t» the 17th Au gust. Tho rumor of war betw een Belgium and Holland is confirmed ; hut its termination has, it appears, spee dily followed its commencement. The Dutch army onunenced hostilities on the 4lh of August, and alter over-running a considerable poriiou of Belgium, were within eight iniiea of Brussels on the 12th. Wherever they made an onset, tho Belgians took to immediate flight, threw away their arms and caps, and tried to utitdo each other in tunning. 'Thegallant conduct of the new King Leopold, how ever, in defending his capi tal until the arrival of tbs French army, saved the honor of the nation. On their approach the Dutch retired, il being understood that the French were acting in obedi ence lo the decision of the Five Powers, and to whose ahirrament the King of Holland readily submitted. Il is not probable the war will recommence. In conse quence of this ruplure, the French ministry have con cluded to remain until an answer from the Chamber of Deputies to the speech of the Kii g at its opening, shall be received. Tlio debates in the Chamber had been very violent. The popular cause with Ihn people is war—war against the Russians. Berlin accounts of the 1st Aagust. stele that Field Marshal Paakewitcli, the commander of Ihe Russian army, lias instructions to negotiate with Poland. The Poles will be required to repeal their decree excluding the kouso of Romanoff, and will be allowed to choose from tlicir own nation, Viceroy, Czar, Torisky, or Radzivill. Wc know not whether these terms liavo been foimally offered, whether they will be accepted. We should think not, for they ore now confidentof final success. Their spi rits arc raised, no doubt, from some victories recently obtained over the Russians. No news from England of much importance by the last arrival. THE GHOST OF POWHATAN. clined, ami are now runsequcntljr undergoing the pun- I ishraent awarded to their inisyonduct. Tho letter of -~v --iH=- Europeari.lJfiiirT.—That all-absorbing topic, State- Politics, has, for the lust six weeks, drawn so largely upon our columns, thst we have found it impossible to devoto any portion of them to the interesting Foreign News thst has reached us from week to week. The accounts, irom accumulating so long, have become voluminous to thst degree, that it would perhaps he inexpedient to go into any thing liko details—wc must content ourselves, therefore, with merely noticing somq of the most important points, in order to furnish a con necting link from tiro post to the present. Our last published accounts were from Liverpool to the 1st of July. At that time the English Reform Bid had receiv ed its first riadmg in the IIouss nf Commons, and it was confidently expected to have passed both Houses without unnecessary delay. Such is tho tardiness of legislation, however, that it had not st our last advices gone through the lower branch of Parliament, and when it should liavo passed that body, was expected lo meet with strong, if oot successful opposition in the House of Lords. So much for English Reform. In generous and enthusiastic, yet firkte-mindcrl Franco,.tarioua-changes have taken place. -The elec tion of a President to the New Chamber of Deputies, took place on the first of August, and resulted in the choice of M. Girodrle I'Ain, tho Ministerial Candidate, hy a majority of Jfre votca over M. Latitto. This ma joiitv being too small to suit the views of M. Caeimir Perrier, he resigned at once, followed by the rest nf the Ministers; and a new Cabinet was forming w iih Count Molo as President of the Council and Minister for Foreign Affairs ; the rest not as yet ascertained, The country if apparently tranquil, though much feel ing exists between the two parties on the question of peace or war. The issue is doubtful. The celebration of the “three days” *r represented to have been very plentlidvMid attended with less noise nnd tumult than was to havo been expected. Prince Leopold has accepted the crown of Belgium and taken the oathof office. It is said he is shortly to bo married to one of the daughters of Louis Philip. The difficulties between Holland and Belgium, which it waa supposed would terminate upon the tceevsion of Leopold, mill continue, tho commissioners having been unsuccessful in thsir negotiations. Some fighting ia reported to hare taken place. But what shall wc say of the gallant Poles 7 AVc left them straggling fur liberty; determined to he free, or perteh in the effort. Wc find them still fighting in t! Causer/the Poles.—The cause of this gallant nnd generous people, has excited much interest among the different nations nf the Old World, and, we arc happy lo perceive, has commanded some intention in a por tion of the American continent. Meetings have been held lo several Northern cities, nnd a small amount of money already collected to aid then) in defending their liberties. This spirit is a good one, and we should be happy to reeits influence extend throughout our be loved country, and continue with all the warmth of pat riotic ardor and generous liberality, until the war-cry -hall no more he henrd upon the Polish soil; until the blood ol her martyrs and patriots shall cease to flow until the soul-cheering sound shall reach our ears and vibrate through our lienrts, that "Poland is Free,” und the Olive Branch i.-f Peace wavo over a Sister Republic. In the holy cause of Polish freedom, it is gratifying find that our countrymen abroad are not idle. A meet iog of Americans was held in Paris on the 8th of July last, at which J. Fcniinoro Cooper presided, where several spirited resolutions were passed. Among others was the following: ‘‘Resolved, That this meeting admires and commend; the zeal of Poet. Paul F. Eve, of Georgia, in devoting his person. Ills acquirements, aud his time, to the Polish cause." It was also resolved to address tlicir countrymen in America on the (object, which lies been done in the most feeling manner, us will he sren hy the article be low, attributed to the pen of our talented countryman the Chairman of the Meeting. Gen. I.a-Faycltc waa appointed to receive subscriptions, both from the Ante riennsin Paris and elsewhere, and remit them to the Polish authorities, lie kindly accepted the office; and, in a brief note to Mr. Cooper, declared ilas his deter mination to claim lie right of American citizenship, and become himself one of the subscribers. The amount collected in Paris, wa9 Six Thousand and Three Hundred Francs. With such an example before them, and in such a cause, the feelings of all true Americans cannot but be enlisted. Let us then awake from the apathy which enshrouds us, and each throw in his mite, that the means, at least, may not be wanting to liberale a long enslaved, but high-minded and chivalruua nation. TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE Your countrymen nt Paris venture to ad dress you in behalf of the anrient republic of Poland. Tlicir position, comparatively naur the scene of a disastrous war, their means of intelligence, and a desire to bn useful, form their chief title to your attention ; us they : come, however, the advocates of humanity, they forget the smallness of their number, and urge their requests with the confidence of men familiar with your philanthropy. The necessity of order and of defenco has given htrth to nations. In the course of ages, families swell into communities, aud from the intimate relations of origin, language nnd usa ges, aro derived the feelings and interests which bind a people together. Next lo the tie of blood, that which unites man to his country is the strongest. The sentiment of patriotism is otnong the purest that adorns hiimnn nature, and experience has shown that it cannot ho destroyed without bringing with its loss a moral debasement that disqualifies its subjects for all aspiring and noblo enter prises. In every case in which distinctive character nnd habits havo been formed by social organization, national existence seems nearly ncccssury lo national virtue. Conquest falls upon a people like a blight, cheeking the curreuls of ilt generous ambition, and wither ing its hopes for nges. We cannot find nn extensive territory which has been brought, hy violence, from the high condition of u Slate, to llto oupendant lot of a Province, bitd administration. The restrain!* that at( , necessary to secure nn ill-gained ascendancy, and the impositions which the weak sustain from the strong, are among the more obvious evils of the calamity. To these must be ad- ded, the downward tendencies of defeat, per sonal humiliation, and personal corruption, with their train of depressing consequences. Such a fate, befalling the smallest community, would he entitled to—and we are certain would awaken—your pity ; but when Poland was overcome, the fifth power in Qltrislendom w as trodden upon. There are circumstances ol unmitigated wrong, of peculiar aggravation, that must he added to the picture. The crime of Poland teas loo much liberty ; her indepen dent existence, in the vicinity of those who Imd reared their thrones on arbitrary will, was nol lo he endured. Fellow citizens, neither the ancient institutions nor the ancient practi ces of Poland liuvo been understood. The former had, in common with all Europe, the inherited defects uf feudal practices, hut still were they among ihe freest of this he mis- phrre. The lallcr, as ever lies beon. and as ever will hu Ihe case, until mun shall general ly enter into the possession of those rights of which he lias so long been deprived by poliij. cnl combinations und lettered monopolies, tvero calumniated and distorted to serve the ends of the few who desire to live on llie 'oil of Ilio many. Poland wus accused of faction und unarehy. Tho fren transmit their errors and fhoir virtues lo posterity, ns Ihe compan ions of tlicir greatness, while the sluggish vi ces of thu slave sleep in the eternity of Hie ob- scure. We hear of Ihe factions of tho Greek republics, while we search in vain for even Ihe names of most of their contemporary despotisms. Bui wo need not examine tiie an nals of antiquity in order lo estimate Ihe value of these calumnies, or lo investigate their mo tive. Peoplo of America ! You too are accu sed of living in tho midst of anarchy and law less confusion—you are said lo he tired of li berty, you are reviled as forgetting God. you arc quoted as pining for a monarchy I Wlmt you know to he fulse, as respects yourselves, was, with the exceptions incidental lo the dif ferences in fiiq ages und the governments, nl so false in respect to Poland. With tho liber ty of Poland fell Ibo sovereignty of tho Slate itself. Nor was this all; allegiance was not only transferred, but it was divided. Pole can be summoned, at the word of his master, to contend with Pole, nnd in this very war of ex istence, all the deep sentiments connected with ihe past ore liable to ho violated to up hold the detested mid pernicious sway of strangers. Tliero was warning but a single aggrava ting circumstance to render the partition of this fine country moro odious, and, unhappily, this too is to be enumerated among its suffer ings. When Poland wus subdued, hy far Ihe larger portion of her territory becamo subject to a peoplo less advanced in civilization than her own citizens. She was, thus, excluded from the only solaco of defeat, and was doom ed to witness the gradual decay of those arts und opinions which form the basis of national prosperity. Against the injustice of their lot, and the further accumulation of their manifold wrongs, the Poles linve arisen before God and man. They hnvu proclaimed their sufferings ; luey Imvo asserted their rights; aud nobly havo they staked every worldly interest on the is sue. Uuder the most adverse and dishcarten- circuinstnuces, they have shown them selves worthy of their high descent. Cut off from the sea, environed hy a specious neutrali ty, and deserted by nil but thetr courage, und tho surred justice of their cuusc, they have elevated the struggle from an insurrection to a war. We malto no appeal in the spirit of propagundism; Warsaw, tho government of the country, and all tho essential immunities of sovereign power, are already regained ; aud heforo Russia can ever again rule in Poland, Russia must again conquer Poland. The constancy with which this heroic na tion has clung to its recollections, its martial promptitude m arising in its own defence, and its entire frankness and dignity, since it has resumed tho sword, excite our esteem. The Kingdom is a camp ; its men aro in the field, its women in the hospitals. While, ia his own case, neither person nor means are withheld from tho public necessities, tho Pole disdains deception; ho sees the danger, he proclaims it, and he meets it as becomes the Pole. Peoplo of America! Of all the nations of the earth you are most favoured. You dread no enemies ; you anticipate no famines ; you hold at command every bounty which a bene ficent Providence Ims lavished upon man, Tho self-denial and hardships of your ances tors nro requited to their descendants in a ten fold return of peace, security and happiness. To you, then, do wo apply, to contribute from your abundance to the urgent wonts of this wronged nation. Remote from tho scenes of this hemisphere, you aro not familiar with the great advantages you possess, nor with the moral power you wield. Tho religious eman cipation of millions has quite recently been ef fected, mare by a strong exhibition of your feelings, than from any other cause. Your great example is silently wearing away the foundations of despotism. That moral ascen dancy, ot which others boast, you exercise, and oxerciso only, bccauso you are the true repositories of the persecuted rights of human nature. Be not, then, unworthy of your trust, by coldly withholding yourselves from an ex hibition of your real sentiments. Remember that not a freeman falls, in the must remote quarter of tho world, that you do not lose o brother who enlisted in your own noblo enter prise. Your gold wilt assuage many griefs, heal many wounds, purchase much relief from suffering and sorrow ; but your sympathy will be dearer than all. Lot it not be said, that while cold and heartless traffickers in human rights are combining their means to over whelm twenty millions of men, struggling ond ikmc csu»e; but alas, not at successful as our d-sirrs w hich doer nol funi:-[i qjanifes* iron fit of its worthy tn bo freo. that thirteen million*, qni
