Newspaper Page Text
Later News from Mexico.”
The following extracts from the corres
pondence of the Picayune, show the pro
gress of affairs in Mexico :
Minatitlan, Sept. 10. — The crisis lor
the solution of the Mexican imbroglio is
approaching at a slow but sure pace.—
Miramon lives in hopes of getting money
from the clergy, and promises to re-es
tablish order and tranquility throughout
the country, if the church will advance
to him $400,000 immediately, and later
$5,000,000 more. Juarez has based all
his hopes upon assistance from the United
States, and the mission of Lerdo de Teja
da is looked upon as the only possible sal
vation of his party.
But will the hopes of the two leading
men of Mexico be fulfilled ? I doubt that
Miramon will succeed with his new loan.
It is true that the archbishop ordered all
the bishops to assemble in Chapultepec,
for the purpose of consulting with them
on the subjectof entrusting Miramon with
more funds, but the majority voted against
the proposition.
The chieftains of the Liberal party are
assembling in San Lnis Potosi, for the
purpose of consulting also about a great
stroke, which they intend to make in Oc
tober or November against the City of
Mexico.
Both parties could get as many men as
they want, if they had money enough to
pay the troops. Without giving to the
Mexican'soldier his daily salary to 2
reals, it is impossible for a Mexican lead
er to keep his men from deserting bim.
Love for ki3 country is unknown to the
Mexican. The revolution has become a
necessity, a commerce, a speculation for
him; thereforo what can he the solution
of this imbroglio? The United States
must take possession of Mexico, which,
of course, can never be done by treaties
or negotiations. If the United States do
not intermingle at all in the internal con
flicts of this unfortunate country, a com
plete dismemberment will soon com
mence.
Minatitlan, Sept. 10.—Intelligence has
just reached us of the arrival in the city
of Mexico of the military chieftains called
thither by Miramon. It is believed that
before long a great expedition will be iit
ed out against Vera Cruz.
The young prince Miguel Napoleon de
Miramon, July last, was chris
tianized on the Ist inst., in Chapultepec,
amidst the greatest pomp and splendor.
The English, French and ,Guatemalian
Embassadors, as well as all the members
of the high clergy from the city of Mexi
co and neighborhood, were present, and
the day announced as a public feast day.
The ceremony, dinner, ball, &c., cost up
wards of $14,000. This don’t look as if
the treasury was exhausted !
The wealthy and influential house ofde
Barron in the city of Mexico granted a loan
of $300,000 to Miramon, without any per
centage. According to the arrangement
the house of de Barron will pay to the
treasury daily the amount of SSOOO until
the $300,000 are completed, and has ta
ken as security bonds of the Republic at
the rate of 10 per cent.
Mr. Octaviano Perez, Joaquin Ortega
and Antonio Santiago, were appointed a
few days ago by the Governor of Zacate
cas as Commissioners to go to the United
States to buy arms and muuitions of war
for the Liberal party. These gentlemen
are in possession of ready money and let
ters of credit to a considerable extent, and
have already started. Some of your com
mercial friends may have a good chan6e
to get rid of their old muskets. Wc have
recommended them to the house of Domin
go de Gouicouria.
♦
A Distinction with a Difference.
“You’ve no wife, I believe ?” said Mr.
Blank to his neighbor. “No, sir,” was
the reply, “I never was married.”—
“Ah!” said Mr. Blank, “you area happy
dog!” A short time after, Mr. Blank, in
addressing a married man, said : “You
havo a wife, sir?” “Y'cs, sir—a wife
and threo children.” “Indeed,” said
Mr. Blank, “you are a happy man !”
“Why,” said one of the company, “your
remarks to the unmarried and the married
seem to conflict somewhat.” “Not at
all—not at all, sir. There is a difference
in my statements. Please be more ob
serving, sir. I. said the man who had no
wife was a ‘happy dog,’ and tho man who
had a wife was a ‘happy man.’ Nothing
conflicting, sir—nothing at all.”
0-
Crops in Virginia.
A correspondent of the Virginia Index,
from Appomattox, the 24th, says:
The rain and wind of this and last
week has done much damage to tho coru
and tobacco ; in many places it is washed
off, or so covered up with mud as to be
ruined, and on the high laud it is broken,
bruised and blown down, so that the in
jury is very great. Owing to the dry
summer, all the best and largest tobacco
and coru was on the flat land, and that
has either been carried off or covered up
with mud, so that with the fly, the joint
worm, tho dry weather, and now the rain
and wind, the farmfrs will make but a
poor year’s work of it.
1
Suicide of Thomas Napier.
The Daily Citizen of the 29tli says :
Thomas Napier, son of Skelton Napier,
Esq., of Vinevillo, committed suicide
early yesterday morning, in his own
room, at the residence of his father, by
shooting himself in the side or breast,
with a pistol. lie was about twenty-six
years ot’ age, and bad for some time been
laboring under great depression of mind,
arising from the conviction that ho never
would recover from the disease (con
sumption) which was preying upon his
vitals. Ou the day before his death he
was more cheerful than usual, and told
one of his friends that lie did not mean to
die, but get well.
- ♦
On Tuesday the 4th of October, the
election in Kansas for the adoption of
the “Wyandotte Constitution takes place.
Each elector may vote a ballot labeled
“For the Constitution,” or “Against the
Constitution,” and one labeled “For a
Homestead,” or “Against a Homestead.”
Gov. Medary, J. M. Wincliell, President,
and John A. Martin, Secretary of the
Convention, are the canvassers appointed
under the Constitution.
The monument ordered to be erected
over the grave of Capt. Isaac llolmes # at
Macon, has been completed. The cere
monies of raising it will take place under
the auspices of the Grand Lodge of Ma
sons, which assembles there the 2Gth of
October. The Citizen pronounces it a
beautiful specimen of sculptured marble.
The Democracy of Bibb county, says
the State Press of the £Btb, assembled at
the Court House this morning and nomi
nated A. M. Lockett as their candidate
for Representative in the State Legisla
ture, in place of L. M. Lamar, whom
causes of a Providential nature have pre
vented from prosecuting the race.
o
Historical.
A young prince of the illustrious house
of Monaco was asked why he had married
a rich old woman. “Ala foi,” was the
gay young prince’s reply, “let me ask
you, what poor man in a hurry to get an ‘
enormous bank note cashed, troubles
himself to look at the date of it?”
Baldwin.
The citizens of Baldwin county have
held a public meeting and agreed to run
a compromise ticket for the Legislature.
Col. V illiam McKinley (Dem.) was se
lected for the Senate, and Col. Peter Fair
(Opp.) for the House. —Savannah Pep.
The Aunual Conference of the Method
ist Episcopal Church, South, of Virginia,
will be held in Lynehburg, on the 15th
November, as we are informed by the
Virginia Index. The venerable Bishop
Early will preside.
The suspeusiou of the house of Blakes j
& Kinsley, importei’3 of woolen goods at
Boston, is announced. Their liabilities j
are estimated at $200,000.
Mr. V illiam Whitney, a well known
merchant of Boston, died at his residence
in that city, on Thursday night, at the
age of 68 years.
Arrival of tine Vanderbilt.
New York. Sept. 20.—The steamship
Yiiudcrbilt, with Liverpool dates to the
15th inst., arrived here to-day. The
Vanderbilt’s news lias generally been an
ticipated by the City of Baltimore.
Genf.bal News.—lt was stated that
Spain had sent an evasive answer to
England’s question, touching the policy
of concentrating troops at Gibraltar.
W hen the explosion of the Great East
ern took place, the guests on board had
just quitted the saloon.
Admiral Hope, on arriving off the
river Peiho (China) on the 17th of June,
; found the entrance obstructed. He at
tempted to force a passage, when sud
denly, the Chinese batteries, supported
by a force of 20,000 troops, were un
masked and opened a destructive fire upon
the fleet, mowing down the British. After
a severe action, the squadron was com
; pelled to retire. It is supposed that the
Russians were engaged with the Chinese,
as Russian features were distinctly visi
ble at the batteries. Every shot from
the Chinese told; while the British did
comparatively little damage.
It was reported that Scbamyl, the
Georgian Chieftian, had been taken pris
oner by The Russians and sent to St. Pe
tersburg. There were signs of disaffection
in the Madras Cavalry at Hyderabad,
i India.
France and England were making ac
tive preparations to punish the Chinese.
It was reported that the Pope had re
ceived Extreme Unction, a sacrament that
is administered to all dying Catholics.
All of the Christians in Morocco are
j leaving, in consequence of the death of
the Emperor. The Consuls and Diplo
matists at Morocco, have all-taken refuge
I in vessels.
It is stated that a treaty between the
Papal Government and Spaiu, has beeu
signed. Tho latter engages to occupy the
; Roman States with troops when the
French have withdrawn..
Among those that were severely wound
ed at Peiho, was Rear Admiral Hope.
The British Government are augment
ing their fleet and seamen.
Great improvements in the fortifications
at Dover have been ordered.
Latest.— lt was rumored that 12,000
French troops have been ordered to be in
readiness to sail for China.
There were no ill-feelings between the
Allies and the inhabitants of Shanghai.
Some of the Spanish journals urge the
necessity of taking Gibraltar from the
j English.
London. —Money was decidedly more
stringent. Consols for money quoted at
• 951 to 95f.
Arrival of the Gverlaml Mail.
St. Louis, Sept. 20.—TbeOveriand mail
of the 2d September has arrived.
Capt. Walling and his command had ar
; rived at Camp Floyd.
Indian agent Neighbors was killed by
a man named McNetf; nndLeipere, agent
of the Camanches, was killed by the In-
I dian.
Gov. Douglas denies that outrages were
committed on American citizens by the
Vancouver or Hudson Bay authorities.
Fiom China.
New Y'ork, Sept. 27. —A letter from
China says the English fleet attempted to
ascend the wrong mouth of the river,
while the Chinese Deputies awaited them
in the right place.
The merchants at Shanghai deprecate
the hasty and ill-advised proceedings of
the English.
Arrival of the City of Baltimore.
New York, Sept. 27.—The steamer
City of Baltimore has arrived. Her dates
are anticipated.
The late trip made by the Great East
ern, was simply to move the ship from
the Thames to the seaport, for coal and
preparation for the trial trip. This will
be from Portland, England, to Holyhead.
She sails from Holyhead to Portland,
America, on the 20th of October.
From Washington.
Washington, Sept. 27.—Mr. Dimitry
will be ordered to recognise the new
Government, and open negotiations for
I the settlement of American claims. It is
i believed that England aud France will
unite in the terrible war against China.
It is believed that Russia assisted the
i Chinese.
The Missing Aeronauts.
New York, Sept. 27.—Nothing has
been heard of Lamountain or Haddock,
the aeronauts who ascended ou the 22d.
—
Ocean Waifs.
We have already noticed the fact, that
for some six weeks or two months past,
large quantities of white wax have been
coming ashore on the Texas coast. It
was at first supposed to. be of the same
kind that, since the foundering of a
Spanish vessel in the Gulf, in 1833, near
Texas, washed ashore, and formed part
of a cargo of fine wax sent to Mexico for
the church service. *
The wax now picked up in large quan
tities on the shores of Galveston Island
and aloug the coast to Matagorda Bay,
has anew and clean appearance; the
cakes weigh from 30 to 40 pounds, and
are stamped with the name of “ E. de P.
Tortilla.”
The Galveston Civilian understands
that of two Spanish vessels bound for
Vera Cruz, and due about June last, one
arrived, and the other has not bean heard
of. They encountered the storm that
dismasted the richly freighted Belgian
bark, which put into Galveston for"re
pairs, and the missing vessel is probably
that from which most of this wax comes.
— X. 0. Picayune.
Photography is rapidly approaching a
state of perfection. The Scientific Amer
ican, of Cincinnati, recently promised
each subscriber a picture taken by a ma
chine invented in that city, which is ca
pable of making 20,000 impressions in an
hour, its being only limited by the
velocity of light and the time required for
working its mechanical devices. And
now we have have au invention, by John
11. l’epiu, of New Jersey, for an “Im
provement in Apparatus to Photograph on
Uneven Surfaces,” which is especially in
tended for ornamenting “vasesand other
solids.”
Rev. T. W. Toiiey.
This gentleman, wholias for some time
past officiated as pastor of the Baptist
Church at Sumtervilie, Snmter county,
as we learn from the Gainesville Inde
pendent, has recently been appointed
Professor of Theology in Howard College.
By the present arrangement, Dr. Tal
bird and Mr. Tobey will jointly perform
the duties of the theological chair.—Ma
rion Commonwealth.
TUe Gale ou Lake Micliigau.
On the 20tli inst.. there was a very
severe storm at Chicago, which forced
the waters of the lake up into the city,
tearing away the track of the Illinois
Central Rail Road, and doing much other
damage. This gale was one of the heav
iest ever known on Lake Michigan, and
the rise of water caused by it at the up
per end of the lake is unprecedented.
That which came nearest it was in 1836
36; but tho “high-water mark” thus es
tablished was submerged several inches
on this occasion. It is an event which
will be long remembered and
as the highest water ever known in Chi
cago.— X. 3". Tribune.
♦
Sew York Metal Market.
The inquiry continues limited; sales of
500 tons Scotch pig during the week, in
lots, at $23 to S2B 50; 50 do. refined
English bars at $54, and 100 do. common
do. at $43, 6 mos, We quote:
Dig. Scotch, per ton $23 00 @23 50
Bar, Swedish, ordinary sizas 85 CO @B7 50
Bar. English, refined 62 50 @53 00
Bar-, English, common 42 50 @44 CO
Sheet, Russia, Ist quality, %>. H>... 11 @ n}4
Sheet, single, double and treble... 3*4® 3 %
Yankee Inlieriting Slave Property.
Ve see it stated that Col. George W.
Barney, who lately died in Alabama, left
au estate in lands and slaves worth three
hundred thousand dollars. Col. Barney
left a wife, but no children, and it ap
pears that Geo. Northy, who is supposed
to reside in Rhode Island or Connecticut,
is the only known next of kin of the de
ceased.
Iron vs. Hope.
We present to our correspondents on
the Missouri and elsewhere, the follow
ing interrogatories, addressed by a House
iu this city to a large concern of long
and most favorable standing iu Liverpool,
England, in relation to the relative merits
of the Iron Tie and Rope in baling cot
ton, and the replies thereto. The two
methods have their particular admirers,
and have been discussed freely since the
introduction of the Tie ; but we suppose
the answer to the 3d question must settle
the point fully in favor of Rope.— St. Louis
Price Current.
Q. Is the tare allowed on cotton baled
in India Bagging any greater than on that
covered with American hemp Bagging,
and if any difference how much ?
A. The canvass makes no difference in
the tare, it being the same on both kinds.
Q. Does cotton in India Bagging arrive
in as good order as that covered in Amer
ican Bagging ?
A. Generally not in as good order as
the hemp Bagging.
Q. Is the tare cn cotton fixed at a cer
tain per cent, ou the gross weight, or is
actual tare allowed ?
A. A fixed per centage on all .Ameri
can cotton, say four per cent, is allowed,
except where the cotton is tied with Iron
hoops, when the actual weight of the
hoops is allowed, and only three per cent,
tare deducted.
Q. We have been told that India Bag
ging stains the cotton, and has been ob
jected to on that account. Is this so to
i any extent ?
A. W’e have not heard of India Bag
ging being objected to for staining the
cotton. In cases of damage it increases
the amount of the pickings to be taken
off, but only to a slight extent.
Q. Is cotton baled in India Bagging
preferred to that covered in American
hemp Bagging, or vice versa, and why ?
A. American hemp Bagging is deci
dedly preferred. Not being quite so
heavy it give3 the spinners the advan
tage in the tare, and is worth considera
bly more when taken off the bales than
India.
Q. Is any preference given for cotton
tied with Rope or that fastened with iron,
and if so, for what reason ?
A. Buyers never inquire how cotton is
tied, but they would prefer the rope as
they are more valuable to them than the
Iron tics.
Q. Do cotton bales tied with Iron ar
rive in as good order as those tied with
Rope ?
A. Cotton bound in Iron hoops does
net generally arrive in as good order as
in Rope ; but there is, perhaps, on the
whole no material difference between
them.
Q. Don’t the iron ties damage the cot
ton by rust, and if so, is the injury suffi
| cient to cause loss to the owners, or raise
any objections on the part of buyers?
A. Iron ties do not damage the cotton
by rust to any appreciable extent. India
Bagging is more likely to be injured by
them than the American.
———
From Washington.
Washington, Sept. 25, 1859.
I To the. Associated Press.:
j Col. Rankin, Register of the Land Office
at Olympia, Washington Territory, has
arrived here from the island of San Juan.
He reports that if the intentions of Gov.
Douglass had been carried out, there
would havo beeu a collision between the
British and American forces, as the Sa
tellite and Plumber had orders from him
, to lire ; but Admiral Bayne opportunely
arrived and superseded him in the com
mand of the English ships.of-war, five in
number. The original misunderstanding
was with the Hudson’s Bay Company, the
interests of which were represented by
Douglass. The island of San Juan had
been in the occupancy of the /Americans
for at least eighteen months, nobody
seeming to question their rights, and has
been for a longer period considered and
treated, in all respects, as belonging to
Washington Territory It was not un*il
Gen. Harney applied to and was informed
by Boundary Commissioner Campbell
that our title to the island was clear and
certain, that he dispatched troops thither
at the earnest request of the residents,
who claimed protection from British ag
gression, and especially from the preda
tory incursions of the Northern Indians,
who had even taken and held possession
of a light-house for three days, and
against whom private expeditions had
repeatedly been sent to chastise them.—
Col. Rankin says the people of Washing
ton Territory and the Pacific States are
unanimous for our retention of the is
land, and such is their enthusiasm that if
the United States troops should be direct
ed to vacate it, private parties, in formi
dable numbers, would immediately occupy
that important position, and not surren
der it without a struggle. But it is not
supposed in this’eity that our troops will
be withdrawn, at this would be consider
ed as an admission that our title is clear
ly disputable.
It may not be generally known that
our Government has recently confirmed
a bluff of land for a military reservation,
if anything further north than San
Juan.
Cur Government having sent a Minis
i ter of full grade to Vienna, that of Aus
tria has raised Mr. Hulsetnann to an
equal rank. The latter will soon return
to Washington.
The whole amount of the public land
surveys, as returned to the General Land
Office, for the year ending with the pre
sent month, is nearly 53,000 miles, or
j about 15.000,000.
-—: ♦
Good Advice.
The annexed from Petersburg Express,
contains excellent advice for both parents
and children, and we commend it to them
for their serious consideration :
Going to school. — The re-opening of the
schools is now the common topic among
i the younger generation, and a very impor
tant one it is too, and iu a serious light
should be so considered both by parent
and pupil. The pupil, in order to re
ceive the full benefit of instruction, should
be made by his parents to feel that the
teacher is one of his best f lends; that if
his wishes are sometimes thwarted and
his waywardness reproved, it is for his
advantage; and above all, a parent
, should never, in the presence of his child,
call in question the justice of the teach
ers authority. If a child knows that
his parent doubts as to the propriety of
a certain course of discipline, no teacher
can hold proper influence over the mind
and heart of that child. Let teachers
and parents have frequent interviews
and understand each others wishes in
regard to their children. It buoys up
the spirits of a teacher to eojoy the
friendship and co-operation of parents —
it is a cordial to his drooping and wea
ried mind, soothing as music itself—the
consciousness that though pupils rebel,
are ofteutimes inattentive, obstinate and
indifferent, there are those who appreciate
his motives and exertions and cherish
towards him a kind aud sympathizing
feeling. It is unjust to assume that
prejudices rest upon the mind of a Chris
tian teacher. Preference for the amia
ble, industrious and obliging, he cannot
help feeling, but his good sense and jus
tice to those committed to his care will
never allow him to act with a prejudiced
eye.
New Rio Grande Steamer.
The Brownsville Flag, of the Bth, says :
We notice with lively pleasure that the
Southern Steamship Company have anew
steamer in progress of construction for
the trade between our port of Brazos
Santiago and New Orleans. AA’e hope,
when she is finished, they will give us
what we have long wished for, a weekly
communication with New Orleans. Well
encouraged, there is no route which will
better reward this company than ours.
Perhaps the U. S. Government will
some day wake up to the necessity of
putting an end to the slow, poking war
fare in Mexico, and protecting our mer
cantile and mining interests on that side
of the Rio Grande. Even now three or
four steamers could be well employed, in
cluding?one to play between here and
New Y'ork.
The Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted
Masons of Georgia, will assemble at Ma
con Wednesday, the 2Cth of October.
Foreign News by the Arabia.
The Arabia arrived at Boston. Thurs
day morning, and we have further inter
esting details of her news. She brought
151 passengers—among them, Professor
Agassiz and his wife. We give the fol
lowing summaiy of her news:
trial trii* of the great eastern.
The great event of the week has been
the departure of the Great Eastern for
sea. The Nova Scotian brought out news
that the vessel had proceeded down the
Thames as far as Purfieet on the 7th, aud
anchored there for the tide of the follow
ing morning. Her departure from her
moorings, accompanied by four powerful
tugs, two at the bows and two at the
stern, gave rise to the greatest enthusiasm
on the Thames, which wascontinued at all
the prominent points.
Capt. Harrison and the most experi
enced Thames pilots directed the siiip’s
motion. Mr. Scott Russell was on the
bridge, directing the action of the engines,
both of which, screw and paddle, were
under steam. Captain Comstock, of the
Collins’ steamer Baltic, stood alt to trans
mit directions to the men at the wheel, the
new steering apparatus not being com
pletely fitted.
The very first move in the river demon
strated that the ship was as completely
under command as a river steamer, and
that the only difficulties to contend with
were the sharp curves in the stream. She
steers as easily as a wager beat, and her
engines were found capable of starting or
arresting her motion literally almost by a
single motion of the ham 1 The only
difficulty experienced was at Blackball
Point, where the river forms an acute
angle, and in the centre of the channel at
this point a bark and a sehoouer had, un
fortunately, anchored. There was an
anxious and perilous delay of fifteen min
utes, but the danger was passed, and there
| was no other serious cause for uneasiness.
There was not a single regular seaman on
o o
board during the river trip, the crew net
j having joined.
There were perfect ovations at Green
wich, Blackball, AVoolwich and other
points, where immense crowds had as
sembled. At Purfieet the ship swung
round to her single anchor in beautiful
style, aud the anchor, Trotman’s patent,
never yielded an inch from the spot
where it dropped. Ou the Bth the Great
Eastern got up steam and weighed anchor,
and at 8:40 a. in. started from Purfieet
for the Nore. As on the preceding day,
she was accompanied by tugs, and the
‘ enthusiasm along the river, particularly
at Gravesend, was very great. On arriv
ing at Chapman’s head, at the top of Sea
Reach, the tugs” were cast off and the
gro*it vessel was left to herself. In
creased speed was then got on her, simply
to give her goed steerage way and move
her engines readily, but with no view to
test her power. In ten minutes, however,
says the correspondent of the London
Times, she set at rest all doubts forever
as to her being the fastest vessel beyond
comparison in the world. Employing less
than two-thirds of her power, in her
worst trim, being six inches down by the
head, and too high out of water to per
mit her paddles or screw blades to work
properly, and with a strong tide against
her, she ran a distance of fifteen statute
miles in two minutes under an hour. The
engines worked with astonishing case,
and there was scarcely a vibration per
ceptible.
Before anchoring the vessel was put
about, and went completely round in less
than three-quarters of mile. At half
past twelve, the vessel anchored at the
Nore. She was to leave ‘ Nore at seven
o’clock on the morning of the 9th, and
steam away easily for Portland, Dorset
shire, which harbor she expected to reach
on the 10th.
Much regret was felt that serious ill
ness prevented Mr. Brunei from being on
board to share in the triumph. The
Great Eastern left the Nore at 9:15 on
Friday morning, the 9th inst., with a
strong westerly wind and thick rain, and
was off Dover at 3 p. m.
TIIE SAN JUAN DIFFICULTY.
The London Morning Post has an edi
torial on the report that Gen. Harney
had taken possession of the Island of San
Juan, or Bellevue, in Puget Sound. Jit
considers it possible that another bounda
ry dispute may arise, and says that the
occupation of an island which is still sub
judice is the exercise of a power to which
the British Government cannot tamely
submit, and hopes that no concessions
will be made which are inconsistent with
the dignity of the country or security of
the gold regions.
GREAT rrifain.
The London representative of the Suez
Canal scheme had issued a pamphlet in
which he asserts that the company, hav
ing commenced operations, are determin
ed to continue them in spite of all opposi
tion.
The London Times has an editorial
ridiculing the talk of the American slave
holders in regard to reviving the slave
trade, and points to the renewed activity
of the American government to put down
the trade as the best answer to the out
cry.
The Central Association of Master
Builders of London had determined to
declare all their yards open to workmen
on and after the 12th of September, pro
vided the latter abide by the declaration
against the trade combinations. This, it
is presumed, will scarcely alter the situ
ation of affairs.
The commission to inquire into the
state of the national defences was at Tort
land on the Btli, and made a long inspec
tion of the fortifications in progress there.
The London Times remarks on the
consistency of the Emperor in covering
with reproaches the men to whom the
destinies of Italy have been intrusted,
because they believe him, and openly
declaring to Austria thal the sine qua non
of AGllafranca shall not be observed at all,
but that as an offset she may treat A T enice
as she likes.
The London Advertiser regards the
articles as mysterious and ominous.
Trade of Western Texas.
The ludianola Courier, of the 17th in
stant, gives a table of the imports and
exports for the year, ending Ist inst., of
the flourishing port of ludianola, on Mat
agorda Bay, where most of the Gulf coast
forwarding trade of Western Texas is
done. The imports were from New Or
leans, New Y'ork, Mobile, Pensacola,
Philadelphia and Bremen. The total
number of barrels, measurement goods,
was 343,533; of feet of assorted lumber,
3,157,510; of salt, 9,690 sacks ; of blood
ed stock, 565; wagons, fruit, specie, &c.,
showing a large increase over the previ
ous commercial year.
The exports were to New Orleans, prin
cipally ; to New Y'ork, Mobile, Pensacola,
Biloxi, Havana and Bremen ; they were
28,622 bales of cotton, of which 19,804
to N. Orleans ; 1,675 bales of wool; 850
hhds. sugar; 888 bbls. molasses; 16,002
head of cattle; 33,100 hides; 187 bales
peltries; 26 508 bushels pecans ; 14,151
bushels corn, mostly to Pensacola ; 992
slabs of Mexican lead; 1,126 sundry
packages; besides several thousand
pounds of Texas bacon, Texas wine in
casks, Texas butter, Texas sea island cot
ton, Mexican copper; sheep, horses aud
mules, specie, &c., showing a very large
increase over the previous year. The
value of the exports is $2,500,000.
Karly Locomotives.
According to the American Rail Road
Guide, the first locomotives in the Uni
ted States were imported from England,
in the fall of 1829 or spring of 1830.
The first Stephenson locomotive ever im
ported was the “Robert Fulton,” in 1831,
for the Mohawk and Hudson Rail Road.
The first locomotive built in this country
was constructed at the AVest Point Foun
dry, in 1830, for the South Carolina Rail
Road. The second was built for the same
road, at the same place. The third was
built by the same establishment in the
spring of 1831, and was the first I.como
tive ever run in the State of New Y'ork.
David Matthew, who first run this engine,
is still living in Philadelphia, and is one
of our oldest inventors and locomotive
engineers.
Gen. E. B. AA'heeler, of Marion C. H. r
S. C., died suddenly the night of the
24th, from neuralgia of th? heart. lie
had been Clerk of the Court for over
thirty years, and was also the oldest Or
dinary in the State.
i The New York correspondent of the
Charleston Courier thus writes of the late
defalcation of young Lane in the Fulton
Bank:
The defalcation in the Fultou Bank is
the subject of many wise and moral ob
servations to-day. The old beads shake
their heads, and say things arc coming to
a pretty pass when a young man in the
confidence of his father, cheats the bank
of which be is a responsible officer. But
there was a woman iu this case —a hand
some, cunning, wicked woman. The young |
defaulter had a wife of his own. He mar-_
ried her while quite young, and, as is
sometimes the case, grew indifferent to j
her. Meanwhile, be fell in with the syren,
just then without a “friend.”
This woman, who is evidently the cause
of the downfall of young Lane, ot the
Fulton Bank, has figured somewhat con
spicuously before. Huntington, who was
convicted of forgery and sent to Sing
Sing, furnished her a house iu Twenty
second street, where she lived in all the
splendor the vainest heart could desire.
Upon her he lavished the untold amounts
j of money which he obtained by his uts- j
honesty. This, however, could not last ;
long, and Huntington having been sent to
the State Prison and the liue establish
ment*broken up. she sought fresh fields
and pastures new.
Her next connection was with Carl
Formes, the great basso si ger. Os a ;
most attractive person, well educated,
and speaking different languages, she
found uo more difficulty in capturing the
burly German singer than she had done
!of fascinating Huntington. I believe she
accompanied Formes in some of his pro
| fessional wanderings, and was every
where admired for her beauty. But
Formes left the country one day in safe
ty, and then she had to look out for an
, other customer. Unfortunately young
Lane was the last victim. This woman is
sensible iu one thing—she does not fool
her time or self away with men unless
they have plenty of money, or the means
of getting it, honestly cr • di-honestly m is
of no consequence to her, so long as it i r
obtained. This woman is young and
handsome enough to do much damage
[ yet. _
Tire Foreign Jlsws.
The news brought by the Arabia gives
■ quite a uew aspect to European politics.
It is interesting to observe that, with all
th% liberalism and democratic tendencies
of the age, the “ one-man power” seems
1 to be as strong now as in the darkest
days of feudal despotism, though its
• manifestations assume a different phase.
1 That remarkable man, Napoleon 111., is
! at present the real incarnation of tiiis
■ “one-manpower.” A few words spoken
at a New Year’s fete presaged to the world
1 a bloody and important war, and now a
1 short article in the Monilenr, supposed
• to be the official expression of the Em
-1 peror’s views, has excited a profound
sensation in the diplomatic circles of
I Europe. This article treats of Italian
> affairs in a purely business like way, and
’ views the question as one of barter and
• trade. At the peace of Villafranca the
■ Austrian Emperor promised to make cer
■ tain reforms in the government of Vene
; tin, on condition that the exiled Dukes
should bo restored to their dominions.
■ This condition not being complied with
by the French Emperor, the other high
contracting party, it is naturally conclu
ded that Austria’s engagement in regard
to the Venetian ameliorations is null and
! void. Consequently Venice is left to the i
tender mercies of Austria. The Moui
-1 teur adds that France is the only nation
that would fight for an idea—that she has j
done so, and that therefore her mission
is fulfilled. This may bo construed into
a declaration of neutrality on the part of
France, in case of any general war in I
i Europe—a contingency which (he com- i
I plication of European affairs renders
: | possible, if not probable.
In Central Italy, there is no special i
■ change. The united crowns of Tuscany
and Modena had been offered to Victor
Emanuel, and by him declined until after
the proposed general Congress shall have
I been formed, The Pope’s troops had as
j yet made no hostile demonstration u.pon
| the Legations.
Franklin’s Grave.
I The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
1 j says:
| After a long period, the last resting
| place of the great philosopher', states
: man, patriot, and printer, lias been ex
! posed to public view, and strangers who
j visit our city need not hunt up the sexton
jto show them the tomb of Franklin. A
I neat and substantial iron railing has ta- j
j ken the place of the brick wall before his
I grave. A solid block of New England
| granite (fit emblem of his birth place,) in
j which the original slab of marble con
| taining the names of Benjamin and De
i borah Franklin has beeu inserted—now
I covers hi3 remains, the space around has :
i been sodded, and the whole presents a
very appropriate apjoearance. Some years
since the old tomb, built partly of brick,
was much dilapidated. In reparing it, or
| in making anew foundation for the mar
j ble slab, the workmen came across much
j rubbish, including old boots and shoes ;
| also, upon a tomb stone of one of Dr.
Franklin’s children, bearing the follow
i ing inscription :
“Francis F., son of Benj. and Deborah
! Franklin, died Nov. 21st, 1780, aged four
| years, one month, and one day.
| light of all who knew him.”
It is presumed that the ground was at
| one time much lower than it now is, and
| it was filled up with refuse earth, &c., to
form its present level. The grave stone
| of the child has since been placed upright
| near the tomb of Franklin. Hereafter
j tens of thousands of people will visit the
j spot, and Philadelphia may number the
grave of Franklin among her many at
-1 tractions, while honor is due to the mem
! ory of one, second only in the estimation
j of the people of the the United States to
: Washington.
” . Taxes of Montgomery.
A gentleman connected with the conn
ty offices, gives us some of the more im- j
portant items in the tax list of the cur- j
rent financial year. The books have just \
been footed up.
-'mount of Taxes assessed for the State. $01,174 25 !
Amount of money at interest legal and
usurious, exclusive of that loaned by
11 inks, chartered or private, and In
surance Offices 2,000.000
| Amount cf money hoarded 63.362 j
I Amount of value of Pleasure Carriages.. 160,000
Value of Furniture and Jewelry 190.000
Harness and Saddle llur.se? 100,000 {
| Stallions and Jacks 80,000
! Value of Town Heal Kstate 4.000 000
Number of Negroes iu the County 22 000 i
We thiuk the foregoing is a pretty fair
specimen of the wealth of our city and
j county. Just look at the surplus money
j loaned out !—Montgomery Mail.
Discovery cf a Ctiest of Gold.
A New Orleans correspondent says:
A rumor is current in the Second Dis
trict that an old seller of charcoal has
suddenly stumbled upon a handsome for
tune. • He lives in a building at the coi
ner of Orleans and Bourbon streets, da
ting the years of Spanish rule,
! (there are many such iu this city,) and
! so worn and dilapidated by time as to be
hardly habitable even for the most miser
able tenant. While reparing a decayed
floor with his own hands a few days ago,
the vendor of charcoal (so the story goes)
discovered beneath it what had once been
a strong, oaken, iron bound box, which
fell into ciusty fragments under a few
light blows, disclosing to his amazed and
greedy eyes, a glittering pile of Spanish ’
doubloons, amounting in the aggregate
to about $25,000. By whom they were
thus deposited, or for what purpose, are
questions not to be answered at this late
day.
THe Flood in tile Potomac.
The Fredericksburg (Va.) Herald says :
A gentleman who was at Acquia Creek
on Saturday, represents the sight on the
Potomac as thrilling, The gale is repre
sented as the severest they have had there !’
for forty years. It was deemed impossi
ble for a small boat to live out in the
channel of the river. A vess 1 was ob- !
served coming down the river on her side,
having doubtless been capsized. A spy- ,
glass being used, it was thought t iat per
sons were la?hed to the bare poles, but
the distance was so great, and the storm
j so severe, that the observers could not
i determine with any degree of accuracy.
arrival
iH- TUB STKAMKK
(ARCASSI AN.
New York, Sept. 27.--The steamship
Circassian, of the New \ork and Galway
line, arrived beie to-day. The Circassian
brings telegraphic dates trom Liverpool,
via Galway, to the 1 > th inst.
Lira-pool Codon Market. Sales of cotton
for che past week foot up 4-3,000 bales. —
All qualities have slightly declined, but
: inferior grades have declined the most
declined The market closed dull.
Liverpool General Markets. —Breadstuff#,
all qualities, bad slightly advanced. —
Provisions steady.
London Money Market. —Money was
slightly easier. Consols were quoted at
95j to 95 i*.
SECOND DISPATCH.
JAverpool Codon Market. —Sales of the
week 4-3,000 bales, of which speculators
took 1,000 bales and exporters 7.000
bales.
The market was quiet, at the following
! quotations:
Fair Orleans Btl. 1 Mitl. Orleans
•• Mobiles 7pM-1 “ Mobiles (Hy'l.
“ Uplands 7->|d. | “ Uplands Cypl.
The stock of cotton was 018,000 bales,
of which 511,000 were American.
Liverpool General Markets. —Flour firm.
Wheat firm, and advanced 1 to 2d since
Tuesday. Corn firm, and advanced 01 to
Is per quarter. Beef quiet. Pork firm.
Bacon dull, quotations nominal. Sugar
steady. Coffee firm. P.ice dull.
Latest — Liverpool, Saturday noon.—Col
ton steady. Breadstuffs and provisions
steady.
Latest — London , Saturday noon —Consols
quoted 95-§ to 95jj-.
Havre Cotton Market. —Orleans I'res
Ordinaire 112f. Sales of the week 4,500
bales. Market dull.
General News. —Nothing was doing at
the Zurich Conference.
The King of Sardinia bad received de
putations from the National Assemblies of
Modena and Parma, touching the annexa
tion of these States to Sardinia. He ex
pressed in their views, and
| promised to urge the matter before the
! great European Powers.
Continued military movements indicate
that the Italians have determined to rely
upon themselves for their protection.
It is asserted that Fi ance lias nearly one
hundred thousand troops in Italy.
The Spanish expedition against Mo
rocco is composed of twelve thousand
troops.
Arrived at Liverpool, the ship Refuge,
| from New Orleans.
Later from Mexico.
New Orleans, Sept 20.—We have re
ceived Tampico dates to the 14th inst.
General Garza was preparing to leave
Tampico, with large reinforcements, for
i the interior.
The Liberal army now numbers eigh
teen thousand.
We have received nothing of Degolla
i do’s movements.
Gen. Wool had defeated the Liberals
> near Leon.
Gen. Miramon was expected before
: San Luis Potosi.
Arrival of tlic Moses Taylor.
New York, Sept. 27.—The steamship
Moses Taylor has arrived from Aspin
wall, with $2,000,000 in specie. Her
news is unimportant.
Tile New York Dry Goods Trade.
The Independent, of Thursday, 22d
j inst-., says :
The auctioneers have typen the busiest
salesmen, for the importers are doing lit
tle. except the auctionjrooms. The sac
| rilices submitted to in prices by the im
i porters has been large, and must leave a
heavy loss. Jobbers are very active, and
’ are miking good profits. The importa
tions of French goods have proved thus
far to be much in excess of the demand,
and the finest fabrics have been sold at
a very great decline from the cost of im
portation. The West buys very moder
ately of fine goods—consuming mostly
domestic goods. French and German
cassimeres of desirable styles Are selling
well, but at low prices. Domestic fabrics
j are in active demand. Cotton staple
goods are firm. Prints are not so active
as they have beeu, but appear steady in
price. Delains are buoyant in price, as
well as quick of sale, for all desirable
styles. Woolen goods are rather dull for
the season. Fancy cassimeres are firm
iu price ; but heavy goods are supplying
their place. Shawls are among the most
active articles, and the large assortments
offered are being rapidly reduced.
Accident to an iEronaut.
The New Castle (England) Chronicle
has an account of an extraordinary fall
sustained by an aeronaut from his bal
; loon, which did not immediately kill
j him, though sometime after he died of
the internal injury received.
The balloon ascended with great rap
idity immediately on being released from
restraint, and as it glided higher and
higher, the crowd repeatedly cheered the
aeronaut, who descended from his car—
a kind of basket, covered with red cloth,
and containing seats for two persons—
and performed his trapez exploits to the
half averted gaze of the assemblage in
the distance. Ilis adveuturous aoiheve
ments were pretty freely condemned by
those whom he had left a few minutes
previously, and we can say that it was a
great relief, after seeing him suspended
by the foot from liis frail machinery, at
a height of about a thousand feet, to see
that he had taken liis seat in the car.
The balloon was seen to descend in a
clover field by a farmer and his son, who
were employed in the adjoining enclos
ure. The hedge prevented them seeing
exactly what occurred, but there is no
doubt the car reached the ground in
safety. There was but very little wind
at the time, and the descent took place in
Ia most favorable situation. There can
be but little doubt, however, that the
grappling-iron failed to keep its hold,
and that the balloon dragged a few yards
along the ground, causing some of the
ballast to be sustained. At this moment
the daring voyageur seem3 to have been
getting out of the car, when the balloon,
rising with sudden velocity, caught his
feet In the ropes, and whirled him unex
pectedly into the air. For a moment lie
was seen with his head hanging down
wards, in the next the rope was disen
tangled, and he fell into the clover field
beneath, a distance not certainly less
: than 120 feet. The persons near him im
mediately ran to his assistance; to their
surprise, he was not dead, but spoke in
an incoherent manner, complaining that
be was nearly suffocated with gas. Upon
close examination, it was discovered that
no bones were broken, nor were there
wounds of any kind. The medical gen
tleman in attendance regarded the case
favorably, and the general impression
was one of unbounded astonishment that
so little injury followed the catastrophe.
The dress of the aeronaut was slightly
soiled, and a watch, which was suspend
ed from his neck at the time of the fall,
was lying on the table by his bed-side,
and contiirned faithfully to record the
time.
Mr. L. S. Heistand, clerk of Mowry &
Vance, druggists, Mansfield, Ohio, lost
his life in a strange manner last* week.
The Mansfield Banner says :
lie was endeavoring to extinguish a
burning bottle of Damar varnish, which
having boiled over, caught fire on the
outside, from the flame of the fluid lamp
in the furnace, and as the store appeared
in danger of taking fire from the dlose
proximity of combustible articles, hurri
edly grasped the bottle by the neck and
passed out at the back door with it, when
just as he was placing it on a store box,
it exploded, throwing the contents over
his arms, limbs and body, which were so
.horribly burnt ere he could passthrough
the store to the street and receive assis
tance, as to cause his death in a few
hours.
♦ -
From New Mexico.
St. Louis, Sept. 24.—A duel took place
near Masilla between Judge Watts and
Otero. The seconds interfered after three
ineffectual shots.
It is reported that Otero is elected to
Congress by 1,400 majority.
For the Daily Fun. •
Mr. Editor: A daily reader of your
valuable paper, I do not remember to
have noticed iu H# pages any allusion to
the pending election, and the mannet in
\vhic(| the canvass is being conducted.
Tour's, i- a proud position. Untrammell
ed tiy like shack!-.-# of party, yon can dare
to cuikL mu il>e wioug. to approve and
npliol t the t ight. Hence tins communi
cation st-eks your columns W hat it may
contain has no special party application.
The aim is higher, nobler, and such as
ought to commend itself to every vir
tuous man of every party. Lot he or
they, whom the cap tits, wear it to their
own shame and infamy.
It is said, Mr. Editor, that votes are
being bought and sold in your streets
as openly as the bales of your great sta
ple, aud that some, at least of your
Legislative candidates, arc boldly, oth-
certainly, but more clandestinely,
engaged iu the nefarious traffic The
sellers, generally ignorant and illit
erate men, may be ignorant ot the law,
but the universal maxim ot the law is
that ignorance is no excuse when it s
sanctions are to be applied. The pur
chasers are generally men of more intel
ligence, and, who know the law into the
violation and to the dangers of which
they are subjecting others. It is as 1 ol
io ws :
“If any person shall hereafter buy or
I sell, or offer to buy- or sell a vote ; or be
concerned iu buying or selling a
vote, or shall unlawfully vote at any el c
tion which may be held in any county m
this State, such person shall be indicted
for a misdemeanor, and on conviction,
| shall be punished by imprisonment and
labor in the penitentiary for a term not
j less than one year nor more than four
years.” Cobb, 819.
Is it possible, Mr. Editor, fora consid
eration so paltry, vendors and purchu
sers will run this great hazard ? Four
years iu the penitentiary for a failure to
be a freeman, and to exercise indepen
dently a freeman’s greatest and most
valuetf rights!
But it is said, too, Mr. Editor, Hint
your county candidates-*are engaged di
rectly or indirectly in this miserable,
degrading corruption of themselves, the
people and the ballot box. If this be
true they, of course, cannot plead ignor
i ance, for if thus ignorant they lack the
intelligence to represent you : if thus
corrupt they lack the virtue nr.d integ
! rity—are unworthy of your confidence
and support. In plain language, dis-
I qualification from office is the penalty and
| perjury the result of such conduct. To
prove this, see the provisions of the con
stitution of vour noble State. —Cobb,
1114 :
Sec. 18. Each senator and representa
tive, before he be permitted to take liis
seat, shall take an oath or make affirma
! tion, that he hath not practiced any un-
I lawful means, either directly or indi
rectly, to procure his election, and every
person shall be disqualified from serving
as a senator or representative for the
term for which lie shall have been elected,
who shall have been convicted ot having
given or offered any bribe or treat, or
canvassed for such election, and every
candidate employing like means and not
elected, shall on conviction be ineligible
| to hold a seat in either house, or to hold
! any office of honor or profit for the term
| of one year, and to such other disabili-
I ties or penalties as may be prescribed by
j law.
Sec. 19. Every member of the senate
; or house of representatives shall, before
; he takes his seat, take the following oath
or affirmation, to-wit: “I, A. 8., do sol
emnly swear, or affirm, (as the case may
be,) that'l have not obtained my election
by bribery, treats, canvassing, or other
undue or unlawful means, used by mjr
self, or others by my desire or approbar
tion, for that purpose; that I consider
! myself constitutionally a senator or rep
| resentative.”
If it be true, Mr. Editor, that the ap
pliances of canvassing, bribery, treating
and money is to carry the pending elec
tion, and that no one will be elected who
will refuse these resorts; to the disgrace
of your country be it so. Virtuous men
will say, there is more honor in defeat
than success by such means. Virtue
will have its reward—vice its infamy,
I and if crime shall meet its deserved pun
| ishment let none sav they were not
| warned. CENSOR MORU.M.
Mississippi Items.
Mississippi Literature.— Col. J. E.
H. Claiborne lias in press liis new work,
entitled “ The War l’ath of Sam Dale.”
The life of Gen. Quit man, by the same
| author, is nearly ready for publication.
Mr. Claiborne is also collecting materials
for a history of Mississippi. We doubt
not each of these works will add to the
| literary reputation of’ the South, and es
| tablish on a firmer bas% the claims of
their author to bo classed among thec-mi
} nent literati of the land.
Fire in Vicksburg.— The Vicksburg
Whig, of the 22dinst., says:
A fire broke out last night, about half
past 8 o’clock, on Gordon street, near the
railroad depot, and before it could be ar
rested eight or ten frame buildings fell
victims to the devouring element. It is
i said to have originated in the stable of
Hugh Rile}-, Esq. The residence of this
gentleman was also destroyed. The build
ings which were burnt were owned by
Messrs. J. A. Klein, Wm. Finney, T.
Purcell, Mrs. Brady, aud others. The
houses were mostly old structures, and
; the entire loss is Dot heavy.
Benedict Arnold and tlie Law of
Libel.
Mr. Everett, iu the 39th number- of
his Mount Vernon address, says of Ar
nold: 1 cannot refrain from repeating
; another anecdote of him, recorded by
Mr. Sabine, which throws a dismal light
on the repute in which he was held where,
it might have been expected, if any
where, that he would have been kindly
viewed. After the Revolutionary war,
he established himself in some sort of
business at St. Johns, New Brunswick,
which was principally settled by Ameri
can loyalists. Ilis warehouse and the
j merchandize in it, being fully insured,
were destroyed by fire—and Arnold was
! charged in a newspaper with having
himself set fire to the building, iu order
to get the insurance, which was largely
beyond the value of the property, lie
| prosecuted the publisher of the paper for
• libel, laid the damages at thousands, and
recovered by the verdict of the jury two
and sixpence! Such was the estimate
formed by a St. Johns jury of his probity.
A Perfect Lawyer.
An English writer of the Nth century
i bas given a sketch of “the character of a
, perfect lawyer.” The concluding s>.n
----| tence of the eulogy is as follows:
“In a word, whilst he lives, he is the
delight of the court, the ornament of the
bar, the glory of his profession, the pa
tron of innocence, the upholder of right,
j the scourge of oppression, the teiror of
deceit, and the oracle of his country ; and
when death calls him to the bar of Heaven
by a habeas corpus cum causus, lie finds the
judge his advocate, non suits the devil
obtains a liberate from all infirmities,
and continues still one of the'long robes,
in glory.
_ Lawyers, like everything else, have
changed very much since the 17th cen
tury.
-
It having been asserted that Commodore
Stewart is “the last of the gallant band of
heroic men who have m :de their country’s
name immortal,” (that is, who have fought
with England) the following list is annexed
to show the names of others who (the
patriotic writer might Lave named cor
rectly) served in the war of 1812: Wm
15. Shubrick, John T. Newton, Isaac Mayo!
Geo. C. Reed, Jos. Smith, and J. D. Sloat!
TLe Kentucky Millionaire.
The late Robert Wickliffe was a native
of \ lrginia, and emigrated to Kentucky
a pool, unlettered boy. He commenced i
his career as a day laborer at fifty cents ,
a day, became an eminent lawyer, and
was the largest capitalist in Kentucky at
the time of his death, his property being
estimated at four millions.
Captain George P. Elliott, of Prince j
; William’s, is nominated in the Charleston ;
Mercury as successor to Hon. L. M. Keitt j
’ in the 87th Congress.
VI lio first Introduced tle Tea-Plant
Into America !
Many suppose that the sticccs-lul effort
of Dr. Junius Smith, of South Cardin .
was the first attempt to cultivate the i-,a
■ plant in America. Too much credit can
not be given to that gentleman, who at
an advance age, when most men have re
tired from the active pursuit# of life, e;i
gaged heartily in the culture of the L
| crage shrub of China. He labored alone,
| without the aid of som- great Society fu
the acclimation of foreign plants, am:
without the expense ot’ any one in the
! United States who had gone before hi ;
l in such an undertaking. Yet in Brazii,
as early as 1810, there was a successful
effort, cn a grand scale* to introduce the
tea-plant to our Continent In 1855 a
: correspondent from Rio de Janeiro iur-
I nished us with the interesting facts on
| this subject, and we now reproduce some
of them, as the press hasiecently teemed
with at tides on “the culture ot lea in the
| United States.”
When the King of Portugal fl and from
! the invading army of Junot m 1807, he
| took up his residence at llio de Janeiro.
Many reforms were introduced into the
affairs of Brazil, the ports were thrown
open to the commerce of the world, libra
ries were established, and ameliorations
of various kinds were promoted. The
Government encouraged the acclimation
of various trees, plants and cereals, ot the
corresponding latitudes of Asia, Africa,
and the Pacific Islands. It was in 1810
that the first China tea-plants were re
ceived at Rio de Janeiro, and there cul
tivation was commenced iu the Botanical
; Garden near the city, aud in the royal,
i now itnperal, farm of Santa Cruz. The
j government determined that no means
: should be wanting to the best treatment
!of the plants. The Count of Liuhare-,
Prime Minister of Portugal, procured
the immigration of several hundred China
: men. These Celestials did not come Horn
! the half-commercial, half-piratical popu
i lation of the sea coast, but from the agri
j cultural districts of the interior. They
had been practically acquainted from
; childhood with the whole process of traiu
j ing the plant, and of preparing the tea
| for market. Owing in part, doubtless
j to the characteristic diffeneuces in the
i soil of Brazil from that of China, the
; workmen did not at first succeed in pro
| ducing so good an article as that of the
Celestial Empire.
But when the government was ©occu
pied with what it esteemed more weighty
affairs, several private Brazilian planters
took up the matter. This was chiefly in
the delightful Province of san Paulo,
whose climate is very much like that of
South Carolina, only the winters of the
Brazilian Province are not more severe
than a South Carolina November. These
Planters, though they encountered years
of discouragement, have lived to see the
cultivation and preparation of tea one o
the most flourishing and remunerative
branches of South-Brazilian agriculture!-.
Dr. Junius Smith experienced great
difficulty in securing the seed in good
condition from China, and as there will,
doubtless, soon be many attempts to
“raise” our own tea, the experience of
the Brazilian planters is worth attention.
Dr. Reinhart, an American who resides in
the Province of San Paule, whose name
is well known in the scientific circle of
Boston and Philadelphia, furnished our
correspondent with the following inform
ation on this subject: Tea is raised from
the seed, which is preserved by being simply
buried in brown sugar, and can thus be
transported to any portion of the country.
The little tea-balls, or seed, are planted
in beds, and when well sprouted, are
transferred, in the manner of cabbage
plants, to the field, and placed five feet
apart. The shrubs, when grown, are
kept very clean by the hoe, or by the
plough, which, through a recent intro
duction, has been, on some plantations,
eminently successful.
The shrubs are never allowed to attain
a height of more thau four feet, and the
leaves are considered ready for picking
after the third year. The culture, the
gathering and the preparation of tea are
not difficult, and in Brazil the labor is so
light that the children of slaves are often
engaged in collec’ing the leaves. All the
apparatus used is exceedingly simple,
consisting only of baskets, a frame work
on which the leaves are rolled, and open
ovens, or metalic pans, in which the tea
is dried by means of fire beneath.
Dr. Reinhart, who examined person
ally all the portions of China where tea
is grown, says that it is a hardy plant,
deciduous in China; but in Brazil, it
ceases not to put forth its leaves. He is
of the opinion that tea will grow in any
part of the United States from Southern
Pennsylvania to the Gulf of Mexico.—
Some of the planters of San Paulo have
found the tea culture more profitable
than that of coffee, and, as we need expe
rience on this subject in our country, wo
would suggest that our government,
through the proper channel, authorize
two or three of our naval officers on the
Brazilian coast to visit the Province of
San Paulo for the purpose of investiga
ting the matter. Santos, the principal
port of San Paulo, is only from ten to
thirty leagues from excellent plantations
of tea. Dr Reinhart, whose residence
is at Sorocaba, or Limeira, could give
much scientific information on this sub
ject; while John Rudge, Esq., an intelli
gent English planter of San Paulo, could
contribute many most valuable hints
from practical experience. The whole
expenses ot a couple cf officers detailed
for this purpose from our flag ship in the
Brazilian squadron, need not be SSOO ;
while the knowledge thus spread before
American readers would be worth many
thousand. A. 4, Journal of Commerce.
•
Georgia Made Rail Road Iron.
t karri from the Griffin Empire State
that eleven car loads of rail road iron
passed through that place, a day or so
ago, on the Macon & Western Road, ship
ped from the Atlanta-Rolling Mill to some
point below. We have noticed some of
this iron passing up the State Road, and
it will compare favorably with any we
ever saw. Every year Georgia is becom
ing more independent, and in a very few
years more she will be able to manufac
ture everything she needs. Her mineral
wealth is, inexhaustible- indeed she lias
e\ery element to make her a great State,
and we long to see the day when she will
not Lave to look to. the North for any
thing wlien she will manufacture her own
goods—when she can, in truth, be called
not only the “Empire State of the South,”
but of the Union.— Dalton Times.
Canada will not, Support a Throne.
Speaking of the expected visit of the
Prince of Wales to Canada, The Toronto
Leader significantly remarks : “Ilis Roy
a‘ Highness will receive all the respect
due to au heir of the English throne, and
the sou of a constitutional sovereign,
whose reign has been marked by a series
of practical reforms. On his* parr, he
visits this country with the full knowl
edge that, from its position, it can never
suppo* a throne for any of his numer
ous family, and that this loyal people will
one day—it may not be far distant—march
quietly to national independence. But
even when that day comes, it will be a
matter of real satisfaction and just pride
to England that she lias given her mas
culine language, her just laws and her
tree principles to a second nation in the
New World. And in that feeling of pride
and satisfaction it will not be beneath i
constitutional sovereign to share.”
Tlie Am rora Borealis*
Accounts from all quarters indicate
that the late displays of the Aurora ex
tended over a very large portion of the
earth’s surface, from beyond the Canada#
to the Gulf of Mexico and the West Indi
an islands—probably over the largerjpart
of the North American continent—and
Eastward es far, at least as the Western
coast of Europe.
It was seen in England on the morning
of the 20th of August, a time correspon
ding with our midnight display of the
28th, and shoving what has beeu fre
quently observed, that these phenomena
occur simultaneously in places widely
separated.
Nutmegs in California.
The Santa Cruz (Cal.) News states that
the nutmeg produced in that vicinity is
equal to the imported. It adds that
there are hundreds of grown trees in the
neighboring “grove.”