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THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE
BY JAS. A WRIGHT AND HUGH WILSON.
THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE.
TERMS. —Three Dollar# a year iu advance.
ir No Subscript ion# taken for a shorter
time than aiz months.
LEAKS IN THE HOUSEHOLD.
Mrs Haskell, in her recently issued
Household Encyclopedia, throws to
gether some of the small leak in the
household ship, which we copy for a
double purpose: 1. To show the
men that their wives havo » multi
tude of cares of little details to look
after—generally far more items than
occur in men’s business pursuits. 2
indicate to housewives details such
as they perhaps mat cot have thought
of before. Much is often wasted in
boiling or roasting meats. Unless
watched the cook will throw out the
water wifflout lotting R cool to take
off the fit, or scrape the dripping
pan into the swill-pail. This grease
is useful in many 'w ays. It can be
burned in lamps, mixed with lard ;
or if no pork has been boiled with it
made into caudles. When pork is
boiled alone it will do to fry cakes in
if cleaucoii. Again bits of moat arc
thrown out which would make hashed
meats or hash. The flour is sifted in a
wasteful manner, or the bread pan
left with dough sticking to it. Pie
crust is left and laid by to sour, in
stead of used for making a few tarts
for tea etc. Cold puddings are con
sidered good for nothing, when ofton
they can be stcangted for the next day,
or in caßeof rice, made over in other
forms. Vegetables aro thrown away
and" would do for broskfast nicely
Disk towels |are thrown down whero
mice can destroy them. Soap is loft in
water to dissolve, or more is used
than is necessary. If Bath brick
whiting or rotten stone aro used much
is uselessly. Tho scrub bush is left
in water, pails scorched by tho stove
tubs aud barrels left in the sun to
dry and fall apart, chamber pail! al
lowed to rust, tins not dried, and iri>u
waro rusted ; nice knivea used for
cooking iu the kitchen, silver spoons
’■J.M 'rape keU’~, -farki ccad
to toast bread. Rinsings of sweet
meats and skimmings of which
makegood vinegar, are thrown out;
cream is allowed to mold and spoil ;
mustard to dry in iho pot, and vine
gar to corrode tho castor; tea, roasted
coffee, pepper and spices, to stand
Opon and loose their strength. The
molasses jug looses the cork and the
flics take possession. Sweetmeats
are opened ar.d forgotten. Vinegar
is drawn in a basin and allowed to
stand till both vtnogar And basin are
sjroiled. Sugar is spilled from the
sack, and tea from the chest. Differ
ent sauoos are made too sweet, and
both sauce and sugar are wasted.
Dried fruit has not been taken care
of in season and becomes wormy.
The vinegar on pickles looses strength
or leaks out, and pickles become soft.
Potatoes in the cellar grow, and the
the sprout aro not removed till they j
become worthless. Apples decay for j
want of looking over. Pork spoils!
tor want of salt, and beef because j
the brine wants scalding Hams j
become tainted or filled with vermin j
for the want of right protection. |
Dried beef bocoracs so hard it can’t j
bo cut. Cheese molds, and is eaten
by mice or vermin.—Lard is not veil
dried in tbo fail and becomes tainted, j
Bones are bnrned that will make soup !
Ashes are thrown out carelessly, en
dangering the premises, and being
wasted. Servants nave a light and
fire burning in the kitchen wbeu they
are out in the evenin'g. Brooms are
sever hung up, and are soon spoiled.
Carpets are swept with stubs hardly
fit to the kitchen, and good new
for scrubbing. Towels
are used iu the place of holders, and
good sheets to iron on, taking a fresh
one every week, thus 6corcniog near
ly all in the house. Fluid, if used, is
left uncorked, endangering the house
and wasting the alcohol. Caps are
left from lamps, rendering the fluid
worthless by evaporation. Table
linen is thrown carelessly down and
is eaten by mice, or put away damp
and is mildewed, or the fruit stains
washeded in. Table cloths and nap
kins used as dish wipers; mats for
gotten to be put under the hot dish
es; teapots melted by the stove; in
these and many other ways a careless
and inexperienced housekeeper will
waste the hard earned wages of her
husband, when she really thinks, be
cause she buys no fine clothes, makes
the old ones last, and cooks plainly,
she is a most superior one.
VENTILATION.
The great importance of ventilation
in our sitting and sleeping rooms, in
our schools and public halls, is not
sufficiently appreciated. It was well
set forth in a recent lecture by a Clev-.
eland professor. It is startling to
learn the amount of carbonic acid
emitted from the lungs of one person,
or from a single gas burner; enough
to poison the whole atmosphere of a
good sized room in a very brief peri
od of time. How many persons think
that winter temperature demands tbo
exclusion of fresh air to make their
apartments warm and comTortrbie,
when the fact that iu the cold scasoq,
we consume more oxygen, and con
sequently exhale a greater quantity of
the poisonous carbonic seid gas, sfiou Id
lead to a directly opposite dfiureo. A
bad-room in winter requires mere
ventilation than in. simmer, and t“e
non-observance of this tact w:l' rea
dily account for the avTul diseases to
which frail humanity is subject.
We vender if any of our readers
arc aware of the poisonous exhala
tions incident to a congregation of
their “fellow cit : zonc,” in ball rooms,
churches, and lecture halls. If they
havo not fully considered the vast im
portance of thorough ventilation, let
them take these undeniable facts
home to their serious thoughts. A
person iu health has eighteen breath
ings per minute, and thirty-five hogs
heads of air pass through the lungs in
tweuty-four hours. 01 this, from
three to fivo per cont. or about two
end a balf hogsheads is exhaled as
carbonic acid gas, and thus one per
son would render tv.o or three hogs
heade of air for IroatLir.' again.
Let every poison anxious for the p c
servation of his health.take care that
tho windows of tho dormitor! r - e
dropped a little, even during the win
ter nights. There is far 1<>:~ danger
of taking cold than there is of inha
ling the noxious atmosphere, \. hkh
saps the health, undermines the con
stitution, and embitters life »7ith suf
fering and disease hut night .(we
been avoided.
WHO NAMED OUR COLLEGES ?
Wo find that a large number of our
colleges have rjccived thoir names
from some prominent men who Lave
liberally endowed them. A great
many bear the name of tho town or
state in which they are situated. We
have looked up the following list of
some of the most prominent colleges
of our country:
Harvard uollege was named after
John Harvard, who in 1638 left to the
college £779 and a library of over
300 b 'oks.
Williams College was named after
Col. Ephraim Williams, a soldier of
tho old French war.
Dartmouth College was named af
ler Lord Dartmouth, who subscribed
a large amount and was president ol
the first board of trustees,
j Brown University received it*
| from Hon. Nicholas Brown, who was
{ a graduate of the coikge, went into
j business, became very wealthy and
endowed the collego very largely.
Columbia College was called King’s
College till tho close of tbo war for
independence, when it received the
j name of Colombia,
j Bowdoin Collego was nr.rted after
Governor Bowdoin of Maine.
Yale Collego wa: armed after Eli
hu Yule, who made very liberal dona
tions to the College.
Colby University, formerly A l , ater
ville College, was named after Mr.
Colby of BostoD, who gave 850,000 to
the college in 1800.
Dickinson Collego received its name
from Hon. John Dickinson. He made
a very liberal donation to the college,
and was president of the board of
trustees for a number of years.—Col
lege Courant.
A Rule von Talkers. —No one who
wishes that conversation should be pleas
ant to his neighbors as well es himself,
should speak more than two or three sen
tences at once. However much he may
have to say, it will be all the more agreea
bly said for gluing others the opportunity
of assenting, illustrating, qualifying, or
even contradicting. The ball needs to be
returned by the opposite player to make
a lively game.
Prentice speaks of Ben. Wade as hav
ng his cheeks distended with oaths, like a
kuirrel’a with a hickory nut.
WASHINGTON, WILKES CljtfNTt, GA, FRIDAY, JUNE 19, 1868.
CALIFORNIA.
The following is a copy of a letter re
ceived by a gentleman of this District;
from Dr. H. H. ’Poland, an old resident of
this city:
San Francisco, March 28.
I was pleased to hear from you, as I al
ways am from any old acquaintance from
Columbia. If you were a farmer, and
not a business man, I would encourage you
to come to California. This is the hast
agricultural country in the world, and if
you bavo means enough to buy a farm,
you can make not ouly a living, but a com
petency in a sow years. So many persons
arrive here every steamer, that it.is almost
impossible to obtain a desirable situation in
this city. I a large ranch oa the
Sacramento Hirer, upon which I havo on
agrr.t, who has been in my employ for
fourteen years, and to whom I am indebted
for almost everything I havo. He has
charge ot'all my business, and Ido not
think I could dispense with his services,
, without great pecuniary los«. Good land
|can be obtained at one dollar and a quarter
|in greenbacks—land that wi.l yield from
1 12 to 30 bushels ot wheat per acre—and
there is no difficulty in obtaining reliable
laborer;. This k. not a country infested
with negroes. It belongs to white men,
and Southerners aro in the ascendancy.
Independent of the mines, it is the finest
country ip the United States. Beets are
as large at a flour sack, cabbages weigh 45
or 50 pounds, and 1 have gathered 91
bushels of barley to the acre. Any person
who is willing to work, or has the means
to buy and stock a small farm, can make
a good liviug—the laud is so exceedingly
fertile. I have a farm of 12,000 aeres,
and ain now preparing to plant 2,000 of
i wheat next fall: and if ycu will come, I
v. ill rent land that will yield 30 bushels of
wheat to the acre, for on" fifth of the pro
cecda, or yield. Four horses, worlti S4O a
head, v ith a gang plow, will break five
scr.js a uay, which should be done in the
spring, and tho wheat planted bsfrro the
! first rata la the fa'l. Having no min du
ring tiie summer, the wheat is removed
from the ground by a header, threshed and
bagged in the held, and sent to market,
without incurring tq- slightest;irk :( bring
injured by tain; m consequence of which,
California wheat commands a b- ’ter price,
both in New York and Europe, than even
that raised in the Tennessee Valley. In
the Southern portion of this State, grapes,
almonds and oranges, arc as lino ns in tho
tropics ; and oven there, the inhabitants are
not afflicted with fever, which is eo dis
tressing and dangerous in tropical coun
tries. Corn, barley, oats, etc, can be
raised there abundantly, but wheat is liable
to rust, which sometimes is injurious, aud
diminisheajlie yield.
Should you conclude to come, I will
give all the assistance I can, to enable you
to obtain inf irnvhlion by which you can
make yourself comfortable. I am, yours
truly,
11. H. TOLAND.
— Pho'nix.
The Dangers op Benzine. —Our
lady readers, rays tho Journal of Che
-nistry, should bo informed that the
Hquid celled benzine, which they use
ro freely for removing grease and
ztains from clothing, ir. a very dan
gerous article. It is cr.o of tho sub
stances distilled from petroloum, and
is highly volatijo, inflammable, and,
when the vapor is mixed with air, ex
plosive. We havo been much alarm
ed, upon visiting neighbors and friends
in tbo evening, to observe a phial of
this fluid standing in close proximity
with n iafbp, or gas frame, and the
ocior pervading the room. Avery
small quantity ie capable of doing ir
reparable mischief. The contents of
a four-ounce phial, if overturned aud
evaporized, would render tbo air of a
moderate-sized room explosive; or, if
ignited, a whole family might bo se
riously burned, or lose their lives from
it. It should never be used in the vi
cinity of a flame ; and it is important
to remember, that through the medi
um of the escaping vapor, when tbe
phial is uncorked, flame will leap to it
through a space of several feet. Ben
zine is often sold under various fanci
ful names; and therefore any article
procuied from druggists for removing
oil or grease from fabrics should be
handled with the utmost care.
How to Keep Meat Fbesh.—
Simply immorse it in buttermilk.
This will keep it for several days,
when the milk should be changed,
and fresh milk substituted. In this
way beef, veal, etc., can be kept for
several weeks, aud it wifi be as sweet
and fresb at tbe end of that time as
when first put in’. Our butcher fur
nished us' with the recoipt. The
whole neighborhood is now saving its
’ meat in this way. It is equally effi
-1 aoious in th« hottest weather.
THE Kt'BIfST EOXAMTT.
IfTe natur.i for the human heart to ad
mire touches human feeling in its great
ones, even n* ro than deeds of darrag and
heroism.
When Mevbal M’Mahon was entering
Paris in triu- ph after the battle of Ma
gonta, a litti whito-robad girl in the
throng adrar. ed to present him with a!
huge bouqw*’" He took the littlo oue up I
and stood IV . before him on the saddle,
and not all L. deeds of heroic valor ever
called forth eh shouts of applause as this
simple act. the child wound one little
arm about hi nock, and kissed again and
iignin the br* ,zed face of the warrior, who
returned h«\ earesses with 8 father’s ten
derness. Fan that moment he was dou
bly tho idol of tho enthusiastic multitude.
They looked for bravery, but hardly for
tenderness love in their proud general.
When Sjtfphilip Sydney, after being
wounded at the battle of Zutphen, was
retiring to tMronrop, he was almost over
come by lb, oppressive beat and tho fever
which his <,.iod occasioned. Calling for
a drink of water to quench his consumjoc
thirst, a soh& with great difficulty
cured one for Mm. Just as he was raising
it to his tiyuJk poor wounded soldier was
borne by, turned his r.yoi most wish
fully towaw tbe cooling draught. In
stantly pasJftg the bottle down to him, ho
said, “Thy iiecessity is yet greater than
mioe.” j!
We marffrrget bow greatly be bore
hioieelf onayo battlefield; how, when one
horse after Ji.otbor was shot under him
he raoun'efet second and a third ; but we
will not forgbt bis humanity to a poor suf
fering soldier, and that, too, at such a sac
rifice to biitwlf. There is no pbysioal tor
ture, it is sied, greater than that of con
suming thi* when there is no means of
relieving L * Soldiers will often risk their
liv i to ?rosye a draught of water.
Yet this humanity is never found in its
highest pi--lotion exoept where the heart
| has beet, received by the grace of Christ.
| 'ii t It viyßni or Seep. —la there
I upon cart W machine, if there r prl
j aw, in lu| ; dfron a vlifcU con
y- **rs.s .is Wi|<u'e,hful an is
inclosed ffi a single little seed—ono
j grain of corn, one small seed of a tree,
j picked up, perhaps, by r sparrow for
her little ones, the smallest of a poppy
or bluebell, or even one of the coeds
that are eo email that they float about
in the air, invisible to our eyes? Ah!
there is a world of marvel and bril
liant beauties bidden in each of there
tiny seeds.
About a hundred and fifty years
ago tbo ccdebruted Linnaeus, who was
culled “the father of botany,” reck
oned about r,OOO different -kinds of
plunta, and he then thought that tho
whole number exieting could not ox
ceed 10,000. But a hundred years af
ter him, M. do Candolle, of Genova
described forty thousand kinds of
plants, and he supposed it possible
that the number might even amount
to 100,000.
Well, have theso 100,000 kinds of
plants over failed to boar tbe right
kind of seed? Havo they ever de
ceived ns 7 lias a seed of wheat e?or
yielded barley, or the seed of a poppy
grownup into a eunflower? Has a
sycamore tree ever sprung from an
acorn, or a beech tree from a chest
nut? A liitlo bird may’ carry away
tbe small seed of the sycamore in its
beak to iced its nestlings, and on tbe
way may drop it on tbe ground. The
tiny seed may spring up and grow
whore it fell unnoticed, a magnificent
tree, under which tbe flocks of the
valleys, and their shepherds may rest
in the shades. —Rural New Yorker.
Lost Tike. —Lot any man pass an
evening in vacant idleness, or even in
reading some silly tale, and compare the
state of bis mind when be goes to sleep, or
gets np next morning, with its state some
other day, when be has spent a few hours
in going throngh tbe proofs, by facts and
reasoning, of some oi the great doctrines
in natural science, learning truths wholly
new to him, and satisfying himself by
careful examination of tbe grounds on
which.known truths rest, eo as to be not
only aequainted with the doctrines thera
-olves, but able to show why he believes
them, and to prove before others that they
are true, aad he will find great difference
between looking back upon time unprofit
ably wasted and time spent in self-improve
ment. He will feel, in one case, listless
and dissatisfied; iu the other, comfortable
and! happy. In tbe one case, if he did
not appear to himself humble, at least he
willbot bate earned any claims to bis own
respect; in tbe other case, he will enjoy a
proud consciousness of having by his own
exertion* become a wiser, and, therefore, a
more exalted nature.
LITTLE FANNY’S PEACE
Littlo Fanny came bounding out in
to the garden where Aunt Rosamond
was sitting under the grape-vine ar
bour.
“See what a large, nice peach I
havo,” she said, holding it up in her
chubby hand. “Isn’t it splendid.
Mamma had just two of them, and
she gave them to Freddy aud me.
“What did poor mamma do ?” ask
ed Aunt Rosa, as she went quietly on
with her crotcGoting.
“O, mamma dosen’t like such
things,” said little Fanny quite- eori
ouuly. '
“Why doyou think so, my dear?’’
“Because she always gives every
thing nice to Freddy and mo. So you
know she can’t like them very much
“I do not know that at all. I am
sure she likes ripp, juicy peaches vory
much, and 1 know that, now she is
not well and strong as sbo used to l>e,
they are very good for her indeed.
It is not because mother dont like
and need such things, Finny that she
gives them to you, because she loves
ho / dear littlo children more than
then, and loves to see them pleased
and happy. Do you not think it is a
littlo solfish to elwuys tuku her nice
things, evon when she is bo kind as
to give them to you? especially when
she needs them so much ? Sb. uld
not you begin to take some thought
for your dear mother ?’’
Funny saw plainly enough the
point of all these remarks, but she
looked hard ut her nice yellow peach
before she could make up her mind
to give it up.
“It will be no use to over make art
offering that is not done cheerfully
It would give mothor no pleasure.
But if sbo really felt her little daugh
ter actually wished hor to enjoy tbe
poach herself, I know it would give
j her more pleasure than tho finest
| fruit ia tbe world. It, would show
i that her child was growing more un
j‘ nl ;>h and more considerate of tho
“•’FIG uufcfc thsir x.-bhe/’a*”
The struggle in Fanny’s bosom
was a short one, and then, with a
glowing fuec, she went bounding buck
over tbe path she had como, and fol
ding up tho poach in her mother’s
hand, she beggod her to oat it right
away.
“Indeed, dear mamma, I cannot be
~o selfish any more, as to take every
thing nice from you. We’ll share
and share aliko’—and this is your
share nowand then she danced
away again as happy as a lark. I
am sure there was a pleasant bird
note sounding in her mother’s bosom
too.
CLEANING HOUSE.
Clean bedsteads thoroughly in
March or April, with salt and wator;
dust them with Persian powdor (gen
nine) or apply corrosive sublimate
with a feather to every crack and
crevice, and you will not bo haunted
by vermin. In cleaning closets, first
remove evory thing from them, and
hang tho clothing out to air. Sweep,
dust and scrub them well; fill up
holeß, if there are any, with a mix
ture of chloride of lime a> and putty,
dust Persian powder upon all tho ledg
es and into the interstices, and you
will be free of roaches, moths uud
bugs for tbe summer.
In cleaning rooms tho same rule
applies. Clean well, fill up holes and
crevices, dust powdor round the lodg
es, and motbs and mice will disappear
or lake refuge in the cellar, whence a
good cat or a little chloride of lime
(ured dry) will soon dislodge them
There is no need for any house to be
troubled at all with vermin. Toe
proper means and a little care at the
right time will prevent infinite annoy
ancos afterward, and much destruc
tion of property.
Remember, soap should never be
used upon grained wood; cold ton
cleans it best of anything.
Never iron lace window curtains,
and bo careful not to make them blue
with indigo. Stretch them upon a
mattress to dry, pinning down care
fully tbe extreme edge oi every point
or scollop.
In starching clothes, mix raw starch
with water and pour boiling water
upon it, but do not boil tbe starch.
It will take about half tbe usual quan
tity. Stir it round with a little end ot
spermaoeti candle to make it iron
glouy.
VOL III —NO. 9-
TIDE MARKS.
It was low tide when we went
down to Bristol, and the great gray
rocks stood up, bare, and grim, above
the water; but hick up, on all their
soles, was a black Tine, that seemed
dry, though it was fur above the wa
ter.
“What makes that black mark on
the rocks?” I a-ked of my friend.
“Oh; that is the tide mark,” she
replied. “Every day when tbe tide
comes in, the water rises and rises,
until it reaches 'that liee, and in a
great many years it has worn away
the stone unlit the mark is cut into
tbe rook.” ’ , “
“O,” thought I, “that is all
Well, 1 have seen a great many pu©-
ple that carried tide marks on their
faces. Right in front of me was a
pretty little girl, with delicate featur
es, and pleasant blue eyes. But she
bad some queer little marks on h»r
forehead, and 1 wondered how they
came to be there, until presently her
mother said:
“Shut down tho blind now, Carrie,
tbe sun shines right in baby,s face.”
“I want to look out,” said Carrie,
in a vory peevish voioe.
But her mother insisted, andC arrie
shut the blind, and turned ber face
away from the window. Oh dear
me 1 wbat a face it was 1 Tbo blue
eyes were full of frowns instead of
smiles, the pleasant lips were drawn
up in a ugly pout, and the queer little
maiks on ber forehead had deepened
mto actual wrickles.
‘ Poor little girl,” I thought, “how
bad you will feel when yon grow up,
to have your face marked all over
with the tides of passion ;” for these
evil tompers leave their marks just
assmely as the ocean does, and I
have seen many a face stamped so
so deeply with self-will and covetous
ness, that it innsl carry the mark to
the grave.
Take care, littlo folks! and when
ever you give away to bud temper,
remember tho ‘-tide marks."
THE STOMACH AND THE MIND.
Much of our conduct depends, no doubt,
upon the character of the loud we eat.
Perhaps, indeed, the nature o* meals
governs the nature of our impulse mere
than we are inclined to admit, beciu-e
none of us relish well the abandonment, of
our idea of free ageriey. Bonaparte used
to attribute the loss of one of bis battles
to a poor dinner, which, at the time, dis
turbed his digestion ; how rn my of outs
misjudgoientH—how many of our dr.ibcr
ate errors—bow many of our unkmdness
es, our cruelties, our acts of thoughtless
ness and recklessness, may be actually
owing to a cause of the same character f
We eat something that deranges the con
dition of the Through the stom
ach nerve that imrondi dely
n Heels the brain. Moroseness succeeds
amiabillity; and under its influence we do
that, which would shock our sensibility at
any other moment. Or perhaps a gastric
irregularity is the common result of an
over-indulgence in wholesome food, or a
moderate indulgence in unsuitable food.
The liver is afflicted. In this affliction the
biain profoundly sympathizes. The tem
per is soured ; the understanding is nnr
towed ; prejudices are strengthened ; gen
erous impulses are Bubdued; selfishness,
originated by physical disturbances, which
perpetually distract the mind’s attention,
becomes a chronic menial di-order; the
feelmg of charity dies out; we live (or
ourselves alone ; we have no care for oth
ers. And all this change of oalure kt Abe
consequence of an injudicious diet.
A Few Words to a Father. —Take
your son for a companion whenever you
conveniently can ; it will relieve tbe alrea
dy over burdened, anxious mother of so
much care. It will gratify the boy; it
will please the mother; it certainly ought
to he a pleasure to you. What mother’s
eye would not brighten when' her child is
fondly eared for? And when hi* eye
kindles his heart beats, and his tongue
prat'les faster and faster With the idea “of
going with father,” does she not share her
little boy’-, happiness, and ia not her love
deepened by her nusband’s consideration,
so ju.;t, arid yet too often so extraordinary f
It will keep him and you out of places
society, arid temptation into which sepa
rately ywu n.igbt rn’er. It will establi-h
couti-h-nce, sympathy, esteem, and l- vo be
tween vou. it will give you abundant aad
very favorable opportunities to impart in
struction, to intuse aud cultivate noble
principles, aud to develop and strengthen
a true mauhood. It will enable him to
“see the world,” and to enjoy a certain lib
erty which may prevent that future iioen
ti ousness which so often results from a sud
den freedom from long restraint.