Newspaper Page Text
—— II IIMW W ■RllliliM 111 11—„ ...J > -
totekto dientsif. .~?.nis ti hifionalvjt anti Kqnwnc
B 5 JAMES GARDNER, JR.
OPFK K ON MuTNTOSH BTKKKT
•MiHD DOOR FROM FHB MORTH-W6HT CORN It H OF BROAD
»T*VKT.
Sale* of LAND by Bvoeutor*, Administrator* or Gunr
dtana, mu roquirod. by law, to bo hold on tho to
Tuoaday in >h<* month, hot noon tho hour-* ot ton in
the forenoon and throe in the afternoon at the <’<»urt
House m which th» ptupeuv is situate. Notice <•:
the.ie sale* Inn «t be given in a public Garelle. MX I'Y
DAYS Ufca •• »«> to the day of xolo
Sales of ran.-. I b«» at Public Auction, on th**
first Tuesday of the month, between the u-u.ii Lours
of sale, at the place of public sale-* in the county
where the Leiters Testamentary, or Administration,
or Guardianship, ui.tr hare boon granted, tit -.t gh ing
SIXTY DAY'S notice thereof, iu one of the public
G a Mites of Ihia State, and at the door of the Court
House where suoh Mt lea are to bo held.
Notice for the sales of Personal Property must bo given,
in like manner. fORTY PAYS previous to day «>: >;>"•
Notice to the Debtor*. au4 Creditors ot an Nslnte, must
be published for FORTY l» \YS.
Notice that application w ill be made to the Court of
Ordinary for leave to sell LAND, mud be published
for TWO MONTHS
Notice for leave to sell NRGRORS. mUkt be publiahel
TWO MONTHS, twtore auy order absolute can be
given by the Court.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING
Ona square. 12 lines. 7e cents the first insertion, and 50
cents afterwards.
LEGAL ADVKRTISHMHN TS
SherVT’s Levies, 30 days. >' 50 per levy ; 60 day •. $•
Executor's, Administrators and Guardian's Sale*. Rc »l
Estate, (per square 121. ties.) $4 75
I»' do Personal Estate JI 2$
Citation for Letter*of Administration 2?5 I
Do. do. Dismiasiou 4 50 j
Notice to Debtors and Creditors M 25
tX Months’Notice* 4 00 I
Bules Nisi, (monthly) ?l per square, etch hiiorlkm. I
(L** Obituary NoHves over six. lines, will be charged ;
>t lhe Mme raie-ta* advertisement«
IXJAL NOTICES
| Notice of the sale of Land and Negroes by Ad- |
ministcalors. Rvecniarv or Guardis**. mu*t be publish- I
LwM' 1 Previous to iho day of sal.
to Debtors an i Creditor- ot an eUato
a* l#h " l FORTv DAYS
*‘.twill be ;u.uU« to tuc
4* *• -.. >. t for les»«* t.» sell Lx:,.’.
1 •
Hr*<n Di»Hiix>»ss of Executors or Administrators SIX
MONTHS —Disnu-vtion of Guardians. FORTY DAYS
of personal properly of a perishable na
ture by the Act of 1*52, by Executor* and Administra
tors. st the d:<*retion of the Ordinary, upon not less
than TEN 0 AV S net-cs S.slesbv regular Administr.a
--• r*. a> no lor lh< <ll law. FORTY DAYS
VAIL REMITTANCES PER M AIL. arr at our
RISK
Al (it S L A. GA
SATURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 22.
Rabun Gap Rail Road.
This project which many originally scoffed at
on this side of the Savannah as visionary and .
absurd, and is still the theme with some of jibes
and sarcasms, begins to attract serious attention
elsewhere than in South Carolina. It is no
longer a chimera—but a sober matter of calcu*
tion and discussion—a practical question of facts,
figures and results. We have always given the
subject an earnest and respectful consideration.
We have uniformly alluded to it as an enter
prise seriously contemplated, if not determined
upon by interests, fully competent to construct I
it. and who would construct it, if on investiga
tion it should prove a paying road.
The question whethet this route was practi
cable having been submitted to competent en
gineers. and decided in the affirmative, the next
question m order is. will it be built ? Now the
solution of this depends on the preliminary points.
Ist. What will be the cost of this Road? 2nd.
Will the road pay.
The people of Georgia are deeply interested
in knowing the result of this contemplated en
terprise.for it is not to be doubted or concealed that
this road, it built, will be a formidable competitor '
for a large amount of trade which now passes over
the State Road, and the Georgia & East Ten
nessee Road, to Atlanta—a trade which is des
tined from year to year to inciease immensely.
Augusta is interested in the question, lor all
the tradediverted to the Rabun Gap Road will be
carried direct to Charleston and all chance of
sharing it lost to this city. Savannah is inter
ested for the same reason : and so a.e the stock
holders of most of the railroads leading to these
cities. If the road is built, it will compete for
business, and will hare a share of it. even if fore- '
ed by competition to do so, at rates which will
do little or no more than pay expenses and keep ;
up repairs and outfit. ;
The South Carolinians are too shrewd to invest
millions of dollars in a road that would not |>ay. 1
This matter will ta> thoroughly >uva.t>gat.U - ?
We copy from the Boston Railway Times an ed- i ‘
itonal article which our readers will find inter- '
esting in which toe question is discussed intelli- i '
gently. It is an impartial view of the subject, j
by an intelligent stranger, and is deserving of
calm consideration. The article gives these 1
main results ;
Ist. That the rea l would cost over $8,000,-
000.
2d. That it will have to encounter a grade of
from 53 to 60 feet per mile.
3d. It will be 62 miles longer by it from Chat
tanooga to Charleston, than by the Georgia Roads
via Augusta.
4. That the maximum grade on the Georgia
Roads does not exceed 37 feet per mile, which
gives to them an additional advantage, equivalent
to many miles—say 50 miles—in distance.
This latter point all practical engineers and
Railroad men will fully appreciate.
The whole question resolves itself into one of
dollars and cents, and the result of the investi
gation will probably be the conclusion arrived at
by the South Carolinians that money appropria
ted to build the Rabun Gap Road would be a bad
investment. The conclusion will be that the
stock of such a road would pay no dividends.
With such a fact apparent to view, and no
overruling necessity calling for it to sustain oth
er interests, the enterprise must Jose favor, the
more it is investigated. The Georgia Roads al
ready afford Charleston a shorter and cheaper
connection with the West. The $8,000,000 can
therefore be appropriated in many ways more
promotiveof the interests of that enterprising
city.
Th© Clayton.Bulwer Treaty.
The discussions which this subject has elicit
ed are exciting much attention, and some inter
est exists as to their bearing upon our diplomatic
relations with European powers. We copy from
the Charleston Standard, a clear historical out
line of the question, derived from Senator Soule’s
masterly speech, to which we refer our readers.
This speech has poured a flood of light upon
the whole subject. It is alike marked with fa
miliar knowledge of the question, the force of its •
reasoning, the logical correctness of its positions, I
and the fervent boldness of its sentiments. That j
the Monroe doctrine in reference to European |
colonization on this continent, is about to be j
brought into question and pressed to a practical i
solution as between England and this country, •
we do not apprehend. But the tone and tenor
of the debates in Congress indicate very clearly
a determination on the part of this country to
maintain that doctrine in its fullest and broad
est sense, at all hazards.
The course of Mr. Clayton, in allowing a codi
cil to the treaty after it was submitted to the I
Seriate, excluding British Honduras from the
operation of its terms, will be repudiated by the
Senate and the country.
English Politics.
We publish from the New York Herald a sen- I
sible editorial on the late change of Ministry in
England, the characters of the leading men in the
old and new adrninirtration, and the probable
results from the new combination of political ele
ments now controlling British affairs.
We find in the last Chattanooga Gazette, the '
following notice of the Smoke House of our
former townsman Mr. C. E. Grenville :
Circulating about town the other day. we took
rxxasion to visit the large Smoke House of
Messrs. C. E. Grenville & Co. Mr. G. the, ac
tive partner, has taken great pains and spared no
expense to fit up a house every way safe and
convenient. Imm&liately adjoining it is a large
ante-room, with a thick floor for receiving Baton
and preparing for hanging. A door leads from
it into the smoke house. Deep vaults are sunk
in the ground and walled up with brick. At
one end of the vaults are steps to go down with
■woods—at the other is the fire which is covered
over with grates, forming a net work that makes
it impossible for a spark to get through. Gieen
hickory wood alone is used. Au additional se.
curity against lire doing damage is found in
keeping a large cistern full of water convenient
for immediate use, and Mr. C. informed us that
he also had a small fire engine, intende I for bis
ware house yard, ready for use if lire was to
break out in any of his extensive buildings.
They expect to cure between four and live hun
dred thousand pounds of Bacon this season.
Having already upwards of 400,000 in store and
engaged. This seems like doing business in the
right way.
The New Steamboat Law meets with but
little favor at the West. The St. Louis “Intelli
genoer” says its usefulness or practicability is
very much doubted; and the “News” says it is a
“humbug, a bundle of absurdities—complicated,
eontradietory, and impraetiealile.’?
Inning tbc Corner Stone of the Medical College.
I'lie Savannah Mottling News of the ISth
inst.s.iys— A hieiid has kindly furnished us with
ait account of the interesting ceremony of lay
ing the co;net .-tone of the Savannah Medical
College, v. Licit « ill be found in another calumn.
Notwithstanding the biting sharpness ol the at
mosphete, the .lay was clear anti bright, and the
i tin n out was large, both ot the Masonic older and
of citizens. A great number of ladies were pres
ent. who waited patiently during the Masonic
i ceiemonies, of which they were unable to get a
good view. The proceedings, which were eon
, ducted with imposing solemnity, were closed
. with an address from Hon. John M. Berrien.—
i Like everything emanating from the distinguish
; ed sjreaker. the address was appropriate, finish
I ed and eloquent, and was listened to with de
lighted attention by the large concourse ofciti
j /ens present.
We understand that the new college has been
i commenced under the most favorable auspices
j and that its prospects of success and usefulness
| are very flattering. The walls of the edifice,
i the corner stone ol which was placed yesterday,
! are far advanced, and the work is progressing
i rapidly to completion The peculiar advantages
; of Savannah sot the location of a college of Med
icine, are admitted by all, and we feel confident
that under the direction of the able faculty, it
will soon take a high rank among the Medical
Seluwls of the country.''
Somstliinc Wrong.
Wo rvcrdvoj jnssterday the following totter
fi-oin aWuMrrffier iti ’AtTatita. The fault must '
be at that office, for our paper is regularly sent
by the afternoon train, and we have heard com
plaints from no other quarter. Whenever our
daily package fails to reach Atlanta, or any oth
er Post Office on the route of the Georgia Rail
toad, Master will oblige us by notify
ing us ol the same :
Atlanta, Jan. ISth, 1853.
James Gardner. Jr.. Esq.—
Stu Please stop our daily paper and send
your account, and we will remit the money for
the time sent. We take it for the commercial
flews, and as we do not get it twice a week, on
an average, (at most not oftener than that) the
object for which we take it is defeated. We
have nooMer reason for ordering it stopped, and
regret that it dees not come regularly.
Respectfully, your friends.
'"Palmetto.'’ the Washington correspondent
of the Charleston Standard, under date of Jan
17th. says : “ The members of the Special Com
mission sent to Mexico toseatch for the location
of the alleged silver mine of the notorious Dr.
Gardiner, have just returned to Washington, and
report that after traveling sixteen hundred miles
on the backs of their mules, hunting after such a
mine, they had not been able to find any symp
tom of one in all the Mexican State, in which,
according to the papers of Gardiner, his mine is
said to have been situated. Thus the proofs of
the fraudulent character of Gardiner’s claim ac
cumulate. •
The Health of Charleston.
The Charleston Mureury says the official re-
I port of the City Register will be found in an
other column, bv which it will be perceived that
the deaths during the week ending on Saturday
last, from all causes, amounted to only 19, and
from what is called cholera, to 4. Os these, 2
were white, and two were colored, and all of
them occurred in the earlier portion of the week. (
We are assured, aad assure our friends in the
interior, that there is now no Cholera in the
city, and if they were here they would need no
other assurance than the elastic and bracing at
mosphere, and the glow of ruddy health visible
on every countenance.
South Carolina Conference.—This body
assembled at StunterviHe, on the sth inst.. and,
after a harmonious session, closed on the 12th i
inst., Bishop Capers presiding. The Missionary
collections for the past year amount to tieenty
ltr*o thousand dollars, thus sustaining the char
acter the Conference has long borne for liberali- j
ty in that noble work. The membership within
the bounds is stated to be 32,658 whites and
19,560 colored, making an increase;in the past
year of 265 whites and 3,000 colored. The
next Conference will be held at Newberry.
Augusta and Nashville Telegraph Company.
The line of this new Company is now com
pleted and in working order between this city
and Chattanooga. Their office is on Alcln
tosh street, next to the office of the Washington
and New Orleans Telegraph Co.
This new line is a great convenience to the ,
business community, and deserves encourage
ment from our merchants and others having bus
iness on that route.
The line it is expected will be completed to j
Nashville by the time the Railroad connection
with Chattanooga is established.
The Small Trade of Norfolk.—lt appears
by a statement in the Norfolk News, that last
year about eighteen hundred barrels of eggs
each containing about a hundred dozen, were
shipped from that port. The return, including :
the price of the oats in which they were pack
ed, is estimated at S2O per barrel, making a to
tal of thirty-six thousand dollars received for I
eggs. A vast amount of oysters, vegetables and
ponlty, is also annually sent away, for which
the sum ol three hundred thousand dollars is a
moderate calculation, averaging one thousand
per day throughout the year. One gentleman,
who has devoted himself to the business for some
years, has realized a profit of about $30,000. —
The quantity of rags for manufacturing pur
poses annually sent from the city is also large.
One firm alone sends away about half a million
pounds, and the amount does not fall short of
one million. The cost of these is, on an aver
age, about three and a half cents a pound, and
realizes a profit of twenty-five to thirty per ct.,
making the large sum of about $45,000 as the
annual product of old rags.
A telegraphic dispatch in the Baltimore papers
from Springfield state that a freight train and a
locomotive came in collision on the Western
j Railroad, between Becket and Washington, on
i Friday, killing Augustus Grange, a fireman, al
i most instantly, and severely injuring Mr. Bron-
I san, an engineer. Both engines were very badly :
j damaged.
1 The Boston Advertiser of Thursday says:— !
“ The magnificent clipper ship Empress of the
Sea, 2,200 tons, will be launched about noon to
day, from the ship yard of Air. Donald and Al’-
Kay, East Boston. This ship was purchased by
Messrs. Williams, Wilson & Sons, of Baltimore, |
when but partly built, and is thought by pretty i
I good judges to have no superior afloat. She will (
shortly proceed to New York, where she will:
load for San Francisco, in Mr. J. S. Oakford’s i
line.”
Georgia Historical Socikty.—The I’resi
j dent elect of the United States, General Frank
lin Pierce, was unanimously elected an honorary
member of the Georgia Historical Society on
the J Ith inst.
The steam saw mill belonging to James C.
Johnson, near Edenton, N. (!., was consumed by
j fire on Tuesday night week.
Mr. Meagher has accepted the invitation of
the Mayor of Boston, and others, to visit that
city and lecture, and he will do so, in the new
Music Hall, on the evening of the 38th inst.
The Medina Democrat says there is as in
sane man in that town, named Smith, his
joints are all double, and he can diaplace them
from their natural position without any incon
venience, or nny great effort. He has two
pair of lungs and by inhaling air sufficient to
fill both, can continue thirty-eigh* minutes
without breathing. He served under General
Taylor in Mexico.
Uor.r.Kriß Bi iined. —At Jacksonville, 111., on
the 30th tilt. a fire occurred in the Illinois Col
lege which destroyed the whole building except
the south wing. The loss is estimated at $20,-
000 ol which $3,000 is insured in the Hartford
Protection Company.
Imi rovkmksts in Macon.—The Macoa Tele
graph of the 18th inst., says:—“Ths Mayor
and Aidermen have gone to work in good earn
- est for the improvement of the City. A reso
lution has been passed tor the purchase of u lot
1 for the erection of a commodious City Hall, also
i for receiving proposals for sinking an Artesian
, Well, and for plans ami speeifiaatioHs for build
ing water cisterns.”
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MORNING,./ 'ANHARY 26, 1853.
(Emu the CharlestoH Standard, \lthinst )
I Central America—The Clayton-Bulwor Treaty.
1 he Senate has removed the injunction of se-
I crecy as to the proceedings connected with the
I Clayton-Bnlwei treaty, and the Washington
| I tiion. ot the 13th, publishes the papers hither
to withheld, which complete the documentary
history ol that transaction. They consist of
General Taylor's message of April 20, LSSO,
communicating the treaty, in reference to which
he says:
“ It will be seen that this treaty does not pro
pose to take money from the public treasury to
atlect any object contemplated by it. It yields
protection to the capitalists who may undertake
to construct any canal or railway across the isth
i mus, commencing in the southern part of Mexi
| eo, and terminating in the territory of New
! Grenada. It gives no preference to any one
route over another, but proposes the same meas
ure of protection lor all which ingenuity and
enterprise can construct. Should this treaty be
ratified, it will secure in future the liberation of
all Central America from any kind of foreign
aggression.
At the time negotiations were opened with
Nicaragua for the construction of a canal through
her territory, I found Great Britain in posses-
I sion of nearly half of Central America, as the
ally and protector of the Mosquito King. It has
been my object in negotiating this treaty not
only to secure the passage across the isthmus to
the government and citizens of the United States
by the construction of a great high way, dedica
ted to the uses of all nations on equal terms, but
to maintain the independence and sovereignty
ot all the Central American republics. The
Senate will judge how tar these objects have
been effected.'’
i'bere are’, also, letters of Mr. Clayton, and
Mr. Bulwer, which throw no fresh light on the
subject, f t is ctear that President Taylor un
derstood that the treaty would secure in future the
liberation of all Central .America from any kind of
foreign aggression ; and he also understood that
the Central America, thus liberated, extended to
the territory ot New Grenada, thus including
Honduras. This, too, was the understanding of
Senators who voted tor the ratification of the
treaty. And, yet, Mr. Clayton, has evidently
permitted a condition to be annexed to the rati
fication, which, if valid, will leave Great Britain
free to perpetuate its settlement and fortifica
tion of an important part of the coast of Cen
tral America. Not only so, but these settle
ments, it is said, have been extended since the
ratification of the treaty by organizing the isl
ands of Bonaua and Rooatan, as dependencies of
British Honduras, under the name of the “ Bay
Islands.” though they clearly belong to the
State of Honduras. Mr. Squier, iu an article
lately published in the Journal of Commerce,
has shewn that the treaty between Great Brit
ain anti Spain of 1756, revived in 1814, plainly
acknowledges the dominion of Spain over the
British settlements in Honduras ; and not only
so. but he also refers to a British Act ot Parlia
ment as late as ISI7, entitled,
“ An act for the more effectual punishment of
murders and manslaughters committed in places
not within his Majesty’s dominions.”
And its enacting clause is as follows :
“ Whereas grievous murders and manslaugh
ters have been committed at the settlement in
the Bay of Honduras, the same being a settle
ment for certain purposes in the possession and
tinder the protection of his Majesty, but not
within the territory and dominions of his Ma
jestv,” Ac.
This act was amended in 1819, and is still in
force (See 57 George 111, p. 153.) IS is a lull
recognition of the treaty of 1786, revived in
1814, and now in full effect.
Mr. Clayton, therefore in acknowledging the
jurisdiction of Great Britain, over any portion of
Honduras, has allowed to that power what it
did noteven claim in its previous acts and trea
ties. The discussion of this matter in the Sen
ate is likely to be long and spirited. Air. Soule,
on the 13th, went fully into the subject, and
acknowledged that it was fully admitted and
understood by all when the treaty was under
consideration, that its terms did not refer to, or
interfere with the license—for that was the
proper term—of Great Britain to cut logwood
at the Belize. But Mr. Soule contends, that
Air. King, in his letter, merely refers to this
precarious right or license to cut logwood in
Honduras as being in no way affected by the
treaty. Mr. King does not mean that the claim
of Great Britain to dominion in British Honduras
is not excluded by the treaty ; for he expressly
warns Mr. Clayton not to use any words imply
ing an admission of any right to such dominion.
Mr. Soule examined also the history of these
rights of Great Britain. That the Bay of Isl
ands occupied a peculiar and interesting position
in the Carribean sea. A Spanish writer at an
early day pointed out their importance. In
1642, a party of English freebooters took pos
session of these islands, then belonging to
Spain. In 1715, the Spaniards made an at- ‘
tempt—a successful one—to regain possession ot
them, but found them a mere waste, the English j
freebooters having destroyed al! the establish- !
ments they had found on the islands. In 1742,
England again attempted to seize the whole
coast of Central America, and also these islands.
The ire of Spain was roused; she was then as I
now a proud nation ; but she had then the abil
ity to command respect, and war ensued. In
1763, a treaty between England and Spain was
concluded, by the provisions of which England
was bound to destroy all her fortifications, &c.,
in that region. But England relying on a secret
reservation, denied that Rooatan was included
in the treaty, and kept that island fortified. War
again ensued, during which Guatemala seized
Rooatan.
A new treaty was made in 1783; and Spain,
desiring to protect herself from any invasion by
Great Britain, provided that the British should
abandon all Central America, and all islands de
pendent on it. Great Britain thus by solemn
treaty, surrendered all her rights and claims to
any part of the continent and the dependent is
lands. But still, notwithstanding this treaty,
England held fast to her possession of Rooatan;
and in 1786 Spain pressed upon England what
she considered her rights, and this led to another
treaty, by which was removed every difficulty
so far as the pretentions of England were con
cerned. By it, England agreed to evacuate all
her possessions and posts on the continent, and
on all islands, without exception. In 1797, a
war raging between England and Spain—this
treaty was su-, ended, and the English again re
sumed po . on ol Rooatan, but surrrendered it
to an off rer sent there from Honduras.
Ir. 1011, anew treaty was made, which re
affirmed and incorporated within it the very sti
pulations of the treaty of 1786, and, unless some
things has transpired since then, the English
claims to dominion over these islands have not
a shadow of right. After that, these islands
were taken possession of by the State of Hondu
ras. In 1813, Commodore Mac Donnell, then
commanding British forces, took possession of
the Islands, hauled own the Honduras flag, and
raised that of England. He had, however,
scarcely left there, than the British flag was ta
ken down, and the union jack displayed. Mac-
Donnell was shortly after removed from the post,
and the British government repudiated his con
duct as unauthorized; and the Central American
States thought that all claim to the islands was
abandoned by Great Britain.
But they were mistaken; they were weak,
and had to submit to whatever that proud power
might dictate. Great Britain asserts no claim
over these islands, except so far as that claim is
connected with the Beliz.e. Under the several
treaties with Spain her right was limited, and
was nothing more than the license to cut wood
in Honduras. He read from an act of the Bri
tish Parliament of 1723, for the punishment of
crimes, and said that it contained a description
of the settlement of Honduras as a settlement for
certain purposes, and was not within his majes
ty’s territories or dominions.
He thought he had shown conclusively that
England possessed nothing more than the preca
rious license to cut dye woods; and it was but
in keeping with her former conduct that she
should now take possession of those islands and
colonize them in the very teeth of the assertion
by this Government of the Monroe doctrine.
How strange it would appear to the world that,
at the very moment she binds the United States
agaiust taking any islands or territory in that re-
Sion, she come forward, and, without any right,
takes possession of, and colonizes those islands.
Air. Soule therefore hopes that this matter
would shortly come before the Senate in some
tangible shapejin which tho Senate might inform
England that, if there be any doubt in the pro
visions of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty, that
we will give notice of our intention to suspend
i fts effect.
The friends of Mr. Clayton however, warmly
( sustain him, and he has just been returned to the
I United States Senate by his State. In reply to
; Mr. Soule, Air. Pearce, of Maryland, read a state
: merit in behalf of Mr. King. It was written,
I and was handed him by Mr. Bragg, of the House.
' It was in these words :
“ Col. King desires Mr. Pearce to say in the
Senate, that it has not been his desire or inten
tion, in any thing which he has been represented
ns saying in reference to the Clayton and Bulwer
treaty, to cast tho slightest imputation on Mr. J.
M. Clayton in reference to that matter; on the
contrary, h» desires to do Mr. Clayton the justice
to say that he is convinced that, in every thing
connected with that treaty, he (Mr. C.) was ac
tuated by a patriotic anxiety to protect the rights
and interests of his country. Colonel King feel*
mortified that any thing said by him under a mis
apprehension of the facts of the case, should have
been made the basis for unjust reflections on Mr.
Clayton.”
This Statement, he thought, was but in keep
ing with Colonel King’s character for strict in
tegrity and scrupulous honor.
Mr. Soule asked whether the Senator from
Maryland applied Mr. King s words to what has
occurred recently, or to former conversations
while the treaty was pend ?
Mr. Pearce said he was not authorized to ap
ply them in any way.
Mr. Soule said that they had all considered
that the precarious right of Great Britain to cut
logwood had never been touched.
Mr. Pearce said that nothing he had said was
tothe effect that Great Britain had any right to
duMiaiuH over uay puit of these regions, but that
those rights—whatever they were—were un
touched by the treaty.
Mr. Soule said that previous to the treaty Great
Britain had set up other pretensions, and these
pretensions were, as he understood, to be swept
away by the treaty He read a letter Irorn Mr.
Clayton to Mr. Walsh, that Great Britain had
no right to colonize any part of the Mosquito
coast of Central America.
(Fromthe A T em York Herald.)
The News bf the America and Humboldt—Tho
New British Ministry.
At length, after ten months’ excitement, I.ord
Derby’s race is run. He took power avowedly
as a protectionist, virtually us a pis aller the
last resource of the country—his whole strength
being the weakness of the Russell party. Dur
ing these ten months he has broken more
pledges, trampled on more ties, violated more
promises, and repudiated more oaths, than any
minister who ever ruled the destinies ot Great
Britain. He has disgusted the country party,
who have seen their chief throw principle to the
winds, for the sake of office ; unsettled the con
viction As the protectionists by undertaking to
carry out a free trade policy, and turned the re
spect with which even his opponents loved to
regard him, into contempt for his apostacy, and
indignation for his want of faith. He has carried
no great measure of public interest, has not add
ed a single useful law to the statute book, or
corrected any one of the frightful abases under
which England is groaning. So far as the country
is concerned,the his orian will be unable to trace
to Earl Derby’s administration any single im
provement, either in the condition ol the people
or the spirit of tjro laws. No minister ever had
a more splendid opportunity; none ever did
less. _ Called to the government, ofeotrqtry
at a time when everything pressed an
reign—when the treasury was ovCKliowin.■
people contented—trade prosperoiis—the whigs
divided, and sunk in public esteem—the most
bitter of Lord Derby’s opponents could not bi t
expect that he would cover himself with renown,
and exercise a beneficial sway (over the king
dom for many years. This was the confident
hope of his friends and the reluctant anticipa
tions of his enemies. The result we have already
mentioned. We have said all, in fact, when we
assert that he has done nothing—unless, pet haps,
proving to the world that toryism is dead, and
that an anti-liberal minister cannot rule Great
Britain, be an exploit worth chronicling.
He is fallen, and not a single regret will
soothe his disappointment. Whatever be the
policy of his successors, it cannot but be wel
comed as a beneficial change, after the con
temptible tergiversation and anti-popular bear
ings of the conservaive ministry of 1852.
And, indeed, if we maj’ judge cf that policy
from the well known character of the men who
are said to constitute the new cabinet, lew but
will congratulate Great Britain on the result of
the crisis. There are not many men in England
who are better fitted for the post of First Lord
of the Treasury than Lord Aberdeen. It is well
known that the best liberals are those who have
been conservatives long enough to become
thoroughly acquainted with the fallacy of an
nnbending anti-reform policy—your born de
mocrat invariably calumniates either in an aim
less demagogue ora stiff conservative. Lord
Aberdeen’s experience of power, under such
men as the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert
Peel, will enable him to profit by their errors,
while he turns to good account the sound prin
ciples which guided their conduct, lit foreign
affairs, too, he will be an invaluable oracle
forty years experience as a diplomatist have not
been lost on him.
It is something new to find Lord John Rus
sell in the Foreign Office, and Lord Palmerston
Home Secretary. People have been so long ac
customed to see the parts transposed, that it is a
difficult matter to picture Lord John writing
protocols, while Lord Palmerston is superin
tending the organization of the militia. The
events of December, 1851, however, rendered
this distribution of office inevitable. W ith all
his telent —and assuredly he has no equal in the
cabinet —Lord Palmerston could not be suffered
to run the risk of embroiling the country for
the sake of displaying his own dexterity, or to
snap his fingers at the Queen, when the Privy
Council ventured to remonstrate with him on
his political course. No office in any govern
ment, can be entrusted to the uncontrolled man
agement of one individual; much less could the
important trust of the foreign relations of Great
Britain be confided to one whose impatience of
restraint, and whose pride could not brook the
smallest interference. As Home Secretary Lord
Palmerston will not be so familiar with tile de
tails of his office as to disdain the advice of his
colleagues; and he will bring to the discharge of
his duties that energy and indomitable perse
verance which have rendered him one of the
first statesmen in Europe.
Though Lord John Russell has never,wejbelieve, I
h«ld the ptutfolift of Foreign Affairs, his expe
rience as First Lord of the lieasur; abuiwiaiid/'
establishes his fitness for the post. Under his
prudent management, it is very unlikely that
the House of Commons will be enlivened at pe
riodical intervals, by scenes of excitement such
as Lord Palmerston used to delight in ; but, in
return, the foreign relations of Great Britain will
be maintained on a firm basis, and the U. States,
as well as other countries, may confidently ex
pect to be treated with liberality, candor, and
good feeling. His strong free trade opinions will
probably exercise a potent influence on the con
vention respecting the fisheries and reciprocity,
which will shortly be concluded between Great
Britain and this country.
Os the other names mentioned—Mr. Glad
stone, Sir J. Graham and Sir C. Wood—it would
be premature to say anything until we know
what offices they are to fill. They are all of
them able men, and though they maybe classed
under other heads than the general designation
of liberals, there can be no doubt that their poli
cy will be as progressive as the most ardent flee
trader could wish.
On the whole, as Americans, we have reason
to be satisfied with the new ministry. The lives
of its leading men are safe guarantees that the
rights of foreign nations will be respected, and
that, whatever accidents may happen, the great
calamity of an interruption of our relations with
Great Britain is out of the question. We have
besides, every reason to believe that the Aber
deen administration will pursue an enlightened
home policy, and will steadily aim at the ame
lioration of the condition of the poorer classes.
This consideration, though affecting us less di
rectly than the former, is by no means indiffer
ent. As men we cannot look with apathy on the
defeat of toryism and the restoration of liberal
men and principles to power, in any country;—
more especially at a time when we have our
selves emphatically declared our adhesion to the
democratic or progress party of our own land.—
As Americans, the fates of England touch us
more closely. Linked as we are to her, by the
ties of a common origin, a common tongue, and
a common faith—inseperably united by our com
mercial interests—her welfare must ever be,next
to our own, the dearest aim of every right mind
ed citizen. Not only on high grounds of attach
ment to the country whence our forefathers
sprung, but on mote tangible reasons of public
and private interest, ought we to rejoice that the
government of Great Britain has fallen into the
hands of men who will make it their aim to care
for the welfare of the people, and alleviate the
awful load of misery which ambitious ministers
and reckless monarchs have heapod on the necks
of their subjects. England cannot prosper with
out reflecting a share of her prosperity on the
United States—every additional shilling that is
placed in the pocket ot the operative at Man
chester and Leeds, enables him to become a
larger consumer ol our cotton and our corn. The
advent to power of a new British ministry is of
far greater mement to the people of this country
than many ot the events which from time to
time engross their attention.
(From the Savannah Repid>liean y ISth ins/.]
The Caloric Ship Ericsson.
We are indebted to our friend Mt. Wm. M.
Wadley, Superintendent of the State Railroad,
for the following interesting letter, received by
him from Mr. G. B. Lamar, of New York, well
known in this community. The letter was
written just after the first or engineer’s trip of
the new calotic ship Ericsson, and before the
second trial, which proved so satisfactory.
Before proceeding to give the letter, we can'
not forego the pleasure of submitting to the
leader an extract from the Courier des F.tats
Unis, illustrating the operation of the wire ap
paratus of the engine, in alternately heating
and cooling the same volume of air. That pa
per says :—“ The great fundamental principle of
the transmission of calorie, cost the inventor
twenty years of reflection to realize in this ma
chine. It consists in using constantly the same
heat to warm the ait which is made to enter the
cylinders. The apparatus by means ol which
this principle is applied, is called a regenerator,
and we can form a clear idea of it by supposing
that a man has bis month filled with a warm
metallic sponge ; if he draws in his breath, the
i exterior air, in travelsing the pores of the warm
sponge, will itself be warmed, and will arrive
warm into the lungs, whilst tiie sponge having
parted with its caloric, will have become cold ;
if he exhales the air thus warmed, this air, in
again traversing the sponge, will again warm it,
! and will come out reduced in temperature. If
instead of producing these movements by the
contraction of the muscles of the breast of the
individual, an ordinary bellows is adopted to the
mouth to produce the inhalation and the exhala
tion, we will nigh have Ericsson’s machine.”
New York, Jan. 6th, 1853.
Wm. M. Wadlev, Esq.— Dear Sir-. The caloric
ship, Ericsson. 250 feet long, hits been comple
ted on a most beautiful model, in the finest clip
per style, brig rigged, and with two engines of
500 horse power each, working on the same
crank at right angles, (so that when one is at
centure, the other is at full power,) and without
boilers, air pumps, or condensots.
Yesterday, she made her engineer’s trip, going
with ebb title and a fair wind 11 miles tho hour.
She was caught at the Hook in a snow storm,
which increased to a gale and rendered it so
thick that the pilot could not see a ship’s length
ahead. Consequently, she was compelled to re
main all night at anchor. She returned against
tb« tide ami wi»d at the rate of ten miles tho
|„ 1UI , mid is ItyW lying oil the Battery, a most
successful trillsU’hol skill, ingenuity and science.
I have seen Capt. Lowber, her commander,
(formerly in o ,e pocket service,) since her re
turn, and liesnyc ho cau g () ( o |,jv (;r | )0() | j n | l( , r
under l.idajr*. ' “o perfect is all her iiiachiiiery,
he believes, if »« had provisions on board, that
hecotildjf"‘V’. 11101 ri ’" ,llo rning. Capt. Erics
son, honor to cal! also on his
reftu u. Ils assures in,. t,|,af; s ; 10 has been entire
ly successful; I cat one only point not previous
ly deinonstratei! by his model engines, (which
you saw,) has y <*H established to his entire sa
tisfaction bv this experiment.
You arc nwo.p|Sir, that 1 never calculated on
the new ships Jeiceetling eight miles the hour
This speed, with only one-tenth the fuel of
steamers of the power, and saving nil weight
of tin’ water in <|em, and nine-tenths the space
for freight too, M'ould establish the complete
success of the v.bt principle over all other mo
tive pewer bi*ysto known. But she can be
relied on lor ten '»iles an hour on a first experi
ment— a factr wl»n we remember that steam
made at first on four miles the hour, which
places the new in rntion upon an impregnable
basis.
I consider C»p| Ericsson's fame beyond Ful
ton’s—for his e>. ties will scald nobody, will
exploded no vesse and will destroy no lives or
property. Beside; here will be as much saving
in labor to attend I engines as there will be in
the fuel- The lire jquires to be renewed only
evety three horns, d then a small quantity of
coal is sufficient. allins’ steamers have two
furnaces, atteftdci y 96 men. alternating day
and iiigbt, and sty burned up alive during
*' r a I’cr'on to attend
*h ,: ‘'u3h I;; - l.lp will re-
ot
can stop or rrtnrt
tnFsnrp mi woru For•fi«?’r, or back slow or
faster, without.'changing his position. Indeed;
when one'e built, these engines can be operated
cheaper than sails! so few men do they require.
I wish you were here to see the Ericsson.—
You would more than realize all your anticipa
tions expressed when yon caw the model — ''that
you. would see the day when you would go hence to
California by Railroad with a Caloric Engine
without stopping for fuel or water for the engine.’’
Human in'ellect cannot foresee all the advant
ages, reduced to practice. They not only will
not cause the decay of the vessels in which they
operate, liy the heat and steam that escape
from steam engines, but they will purify the air
throughout the hold of the ship and cabin, by
constanSy changing, heating and discharging it
above rteck. This will also preserve many
kinds ofgoods which are now rapidly deteriora
ted by tie foul air in ships’ holds. In addition
to all tHs, passengers will be freed from all im
pure ani nauseous odors from below, and will
breathea constantly purified atmosphere.
The It lesson, with 130 state-rooms, will cost
about SIOO,OOO. She has been built chiefly by
John B.Kitehing, Esq., who deserves all praise
tor supplying the means to develop the science,
the skiH. and the ingenuity of (’apt. Ericsson,
on a munificent scale. You know that noth
ing less Would satisfy Ericsson, and to obtain
tliut, he made Mr. Kitehing and his associates
the generous offer of siipetintending the con
strue! ira of five more similar vessels, and with
out p.iteit fee—the first to be built as the in
ducement lor them to incur the expenditure for
this one.
The United States Government has not a
single steamer fit to go on thej Japan Expedi
tion. /Ml the boilers of the government steam
ers requite renewal, and all of them may again
be btifiitout before they reach Cape Horn, or do
something worse, from the accumulation of salt
on the iron with them. How much would be
saved if the government had this caloric ship,
in fuel and other inevitable expenses incident to
steam in a voyage ot not less than 20,000 miles
and back! The Ericsson would go to Japan and
back a doren times for less than one of the U. S.
steamers will cost, and be ready for any other
service as long as her hull will last—this, too,
without expending any time whatever to repair
her engine. She has no boiler except in the
cook's galley.
Knowing the interest you took in this experi
ment, I hive thought I could gratify you by a
detail of itssucccss, which cannot be less impor
tant than steam was in its day. Congressought
to buy Cap’.. Ericsson’s patent and throw it open
to all the American people, that his principle
might be aibpted and operated as generally as
possible, both for economy and humanity’s sake,
la this I think you will agree with me. It is
thought the Et icsson will go to London or Liv
erpool, and‘.hence enter the Australian passen
ger trade.
Yours with regard, G. B. Lamar.
Tetanus or Lock-Jaw.
An article in the last number of the “ New
Orleans Medicaj. and Surgical Journal,” on the
use of Quinine in Tetanus or Lock-Jaw, by E.
A. Fye, MW Wka i/i'ins i-r—-jes-t-Tlly worthy
of attention, giving as it does the successful re
sults of adrniniflfcring large doses of quinine in
this, we believe, generally considered almost in
curable disease.
The patient was a negro boy, residing in Ca
tahoula Parish. La., about 14 years of age, and
laboring under a most violent attack of Trau
matic Tetanus. He had, it seems, fallen from a
horse some wesks previously, receiving a wound
in the face. The wound was apparently slight,
little attention was paid to it and it healed in
the usual time. Symptoms of Tetanus how.-
ever, however soon made their appearance, and
had gone on constantly from bad to worse,
in spite of the treatment. He had been
purged, blistered, had taken opium, whiskey,
spirits of turpentine, calomel, the hot and cold
bath, but with no relief. At length it was de
termined to give quinine a trial, and begin with
20 or 40 grains, and increase the dose until some
effects were produced.
At this time the interval between the paroxysms
had dwindled to but a few moments of par
tial ease, and with these transient exceptions, the
patient was in a state of constant and most vio
lent episthotonos; and it was evident that un
less relief could be procured, death must soon
close the terrible scene. Taking advantage of
the first opportunity, the Doctor got down his
throat 30 grains of quinine—examining his
watch at the same time, lit one hour he again
visited him, and perceiving no change repealed
the dose. In the course of the next two hours
the Doctor fancied Ire perceived slight—the
slightest possible diminution in the intensity ot
the paroxysms: at any rate t he boy thought him
self relieved and begged for the medicine. He
got 30 or4o grains. The improvement in the
next two hours was evident. The paroxysms
were not only less severe, but the interval was
also decidedly longer and freer from pain. The
boy’s sensation of relief was yet more decided
and he clutched at his quinine and swallowed it
with evident gusto, throwing his arms heavily
about, and saying that he felt “drunk” and
“happy.”
The case went on regularly improving; the
only other medicine given being an occasional
dose of oil. At the end of two weeks the boy
had taken two ounces of quinine; was entirely
free from all symptoms of tetanus ; had experi
enced no bad effects from the enormous quantity
of quinine, no tinnitus aurium—deafness—ful
ness of the head. The muscles had become re
laxed, the skin was acting finely, the bowels
were free—the only peculiar effect of the qui
nine being the feeing of the patint as it he
wereabaut hall drunk or happy. In the follow
ing two weeks half an ounce of quinine was
administered in gradually diminished doses, to
prevent any bad effects from the sudden with
drawal of an agent, which, whatever its modus
operand!, had kept the patient “happy” for two
weeks despite Tetanus. At the end of the
month the boy was well, fat and hearty. So
much for the use of quinine in cases of Tetanus
or Lock-jaw.
Cheap Printing.—While Colonel Alden
Spooner printed a paper at Sag Harbor, he
was much encouraged by a liberal merchant,
who advertised tits wares in two long columns,
“specifying every item of wet and dry goods,
shovels, stationery, and mouse traps. While
this was working magically among the vil
lagers, a rival merchant called in one day, and
asked with a uonchalanl air, the charge of in
serting a couple of lines. He was told fifty
cents, and he paid the money. He thereupon
paraded directly under the long advertisement,
“ 1 TOO,
“John Thomi’son.”
The joke took mightly, and more particu
larly as John Thompson had borrowed his
idea from a little squaw, who used to sell
her baskets at the harbor. She had a rival
in a larger squaw, with a loud voice, who
would cry her baskets with a necessary ad
junct ot descriptive eloquence. The feeble
squaw, keeping close at her heels, would
squeak out," I too!”— .divine’s Cyclopedia.
Another New Boat.—Yesterday evening
’’’’’ne ollr wharves, the long expected “Fanny
Malone, the latest, and, according to the fashion
ot the world, tho neatest specimen of river arch
itecture that floats in the Upper Tennessee. The
ramiy ts a size smaller than the Molly Garth;
is plain, mid rather Quakerish without, but her
cabin is neat, chaste and decidedly beautiful in
its finish. Capt. Todd we found wearing as
smiling a face as his own favorite boat. The
traveller who takes passage on board this new
steamer will have nothing to regret.—Chattanoo
ga Mvcrlistr, 18th inst.
Washington, Jan. 16.
IVashington Jiffairs. — It is understood that in
view of the situation of Foreign affairs, the Mil
itary and Naval Committee of the Senate have
under consideration several propositions for in
creasing the efficiency of the army and navy.—
They will probably recommend a t horough forti
cation of the Pacific coast and will report some
measure for the employment of the commercial
steam marine, should the contingencies contem
plated by Soule and Marshall’s ten million pro
position require it.
There is a schoolmaster up town who has an
easy way of teaching children to read. He tells
them to skip all the long-jaw-cracking words,
as they are only names of foreign countries,
which they will never visit.
| Te\eg> agli.rl for the Raltimnre Sun. |
Arrival of flic Steamer Arabia.
New York, Jan. 16.
The steamer Arabia, from Liverpool, which
put into Halifax short of coal, arrived hero about
one o'clock to-day. We find the lollowittg ad
ditional items of interest.
England.—The new Ministry took posses
sion of their official quintets on Wednesday.
Lord Joint Russell held a diplomatic levee at
the Foreign Office,at which Mi. Ingersoll, the
American Minister, was present.
Fuanci:.—Napoleon returned to Paris outlie
28th, but was received with no enthusiasm, not
withstanding the report of an attempt having
been made on his life during his absence. It is
said I hat he is much annoyed at the delay of
Austria. Rnssiaond Prussiato recognize the Em
pire. He insists on being called Brother Napo
leon the third by the crowned heads. England
has accorded the civilty.
The French Senate is convened for February
l lth, and the corps Legislatif for February l.tth.
Napoleon is parceling the royal residences
amongst his family. He has signed to the Brit
ish Minister that lie can hereafter receive no
Englishman unless previously presented at the
court of his own sovereign.
M. Geniller, professor of mathematics and a
distinguished republican, has been ordered to quit
France.
The French government is making great ex
ertions to effect a commercial treaty with Ger
many, founded on national concessions.
Italy.—The Court of Rome has addressed a
letter to all the European powers, inviting them
to interfere in behalf of Christians suffering per
secutions from the Turks.
The Porte has refused to grant further conces
-woiw re»pgiAiiig the navigation
-cent battle wltti'the Mbntegriaffe. The latter
have garrisoned the fortress of Szabljak and put
ting it into a slate of defence.
India.—.-VHairs in India remained unchangeJ.
The Burmah annexation question was not yet
decided by the Governor-General.
The Calcutta markets were unchanged. Mo
ney abundant, and the prospects of trade favora
ble.
Markets.
Liverpool, Jan. I.—Hollingshead, Tetly St Co.,
quote Cotton tolerably steady, at 1-lGd decline.
Fair Orleans 6gd ; Middling 5 9-16 d : Middling
Uplands s?d; Fair sjd. Other circulars quote
larger.
McHenry quotes sellers and buyers in Bread
stuffs indifferent. Late arrivals of Wheat ex
siiip sold at 2 a 3d. decline. Sales of White Or
leans Corn at 355. ex ship and subsequently re
sold at Is 6d advance. Baltimore and Philadel
phia Flour 28s. 64., a 295., Ohio 295. a 295. G.—
Red Wheat 7s. 2d. a 7s. 4., White 7s. 6.1. a 7s 9d.
Richardson & Co. quote Breadstnffs unsettled.
Price- unchanged since the Baltic.
.Makin says prices of Flour are barely main
tained. Corn quite.
Gardner quotes Pork first at the late advance.
Lard scarce and firmer. Yellow declined Is.
Beef steady.
ZoHifcn, Dec. 31.—Baring quotes American
stocks unchanged. Federal stocks in good de
mand. Coffee advanced Is- Metals tending
upward—tin Is. dearer. Iron also advancing.
Lead dearer. Sugar firm. Tea more active.
The bullion in the bank had decreased .£330,000.
I'urtlicr Foreign News by the Arabia.
The mails by the Arabia, from Liverpool,
January Ist have come to hand. We give fur
ther details of the news, as follows :
England.—New writs have been moved for
election to the seats in Parliament, vacated by
members accepting office.
On Wednesday the new Ministers took posses
sion of their official quarters. Lord John Rus
sell, at the Foreign Office, held a diplomatic le
vee, at which, among other ambassadors, Mr.ln
gersoll was present.
The Times has the interesting information
that an event will take place about April next
that will add a new member to the Royal fami
ly-
A paragraph in the Madras Gazette, ot Nov.
26, mentions thet the Marquis de Lisbod,a young
Portuguese nobleman, serving as midshipman on
board the British ship-of-war, Hasting, was acci
dentally shot dead by Prince Ernest, of Saxe
Leiningen, also serving as a midshipman in the
same the ship. The young men had been hunt
ing. and the Prince, in sport, snapped a gun at
his friend, believing it to be unloaded.
An extract from a letter dated Lisbon, Dec. 20,
says that Mr. Heald. (Lolo Montez's husband,)
went to sea in one ot the vessels ot the Royal
Yacht Club, having in his company a beautiful
young lady. The yacht foundered in sight of the
British war steamer Inflexible, which instantly
manned a boat, with fourteen hands, to rescue
them. Not only were they unsuccessful, but all
hands were drowned.
4 event has been made known at
Lloyd’s,“to the effect that, on 20th October a
mutiny broke out among a party of Chinese on
board the British bark Gertrude, from Amoy to
Havana, and that seventeen of the Chinese had
been shot by the Captain and crew. The bark
put into Singapore, when, from the investigation
that was held, it appeared that what the captain
took for a mutiny was merely a row among the
Chinese, but, having no interpreter on board,
the Chinamen were unable to make themselves
understood.
France. —The Emperor has not forgotten to
petition out Hie royal residences among his fami
ly. The Palais Royal, which belonged to Louis
Philippe, is to be given to ex-King Jerome;
the Elysee, formerly inhabited by Murat, King
of Naples, is to be the residence of Prince Murat,
his son ; the Grand Duchesse Stephanie, of Ba
den is to have apartments at the Elysee ; and the
Princesse Mathilde will occupy the Pavilion de
Marsan, in the Tuileries, formerly the chainbeJs
of the Duchess of Orleans. Besides this, Prince
Napoleon, Jerome's son, is to have 300,000
francs per annum, and the Princess Mathilde
200,000.
There are so many rumors respecting the Em
peror’s matrimonial views, that it is hardly
worth while to notice them. The latest is, that
the Dutchess Stephanie and Prince Murat are
now on a mission to Dusseldorf, to solicit for Na
poleon 111 Hie hand of the Princess Stephanie
Frederica Withelmino Antoinette de llohen
zolleni, a young lady in her sixteenth year, and
nearly related to the Murat family.
It is denied by the Moniteur that government
intends to legalize lotteries or gaming houses.
No gold or silver coins of the Empire have
yet been issued.
PoiiTi-GAi..—Advices from Lisbon, dated 20th,
announce that a Royal decree had been publish
ed reducing all the debts of Portugal to one con
solidated debt of three per cent after Ist Jan.
1853. The announcement has excited much
alarm on the London 'Change—Hie five and
four per cents , which constitute the main por
tion of the debt, having been taken up in Eng
land.
Belgium.—The death of Kossuth's mother,
at Brussels, has given rise to explanat ions. Some
unplesant rumors are afloat respecting the re
fusal of the Belgian Government to allow of
her son’s coming to that country unless he con
sented to be constantly accompanied during his
stay in Belgium by a polic officer. It is under
stood that the venerable lady herself urged her
son not to submit to so degrading a condition.
Austria and Germany.— We read in the Co
logne Gazette that the French Government is
doing everything it can to effect a commercial
treaty with Germany, founded on mutual con
cessions. If Germany, anil particularly Prussia,
does not set up too high pretensions, a treaty be
tween France and the Zollvereign may’ be ex
pected.
The Zoll Conferences are still going on at Vi
enna, but an impenetrable veil of mystery hangs
over the proceedings.
Morocco.—The Emperor ofMorocco has for
bidden the export ol oil and wool, except from
the Province of Tpdla, which has caused serious
business difficulties.
Iron Markets. —Baring's London Circular,
Dec. 31st, says:
Iron continues in active request, and the ma
kers from day to day are less inclined to make
sales; quotations consequently show a wide
range: common bars in Wales may be put at .£8
15s a £9, and rails £9 10s a £lO. Scotch pig
is quieter at 73s 6d cash, lor mixed number at
Glasgow.
Remarkable Peculairity of Vision. —Sir
David Brewster, at the late meeting of the Bri
tish Association at Belfast, in England, gave an
account of “Vision without a Retina, in which
he stated that, in the course of last summer, he
meta person who had a peculiarity of vision, a
very remarkable kind, and one of which he be
lieved there was no other example. This per
son, by a fall from a horse, received such a severe
blow on his head that he was entirely deprived
of the sight of one eye, and, to a great extent,
of that of the other. Neither of the eyes had
suffered the slightest local injury from the blow,
and therefore the total blindness of one eye, and
tho partial loss of the other, arose from the in
sensibility of the retina, caused by the disor
ganization of the part of the brain more imme
diately connected with the origin of the optic
nerves. The degree ol vision which remained
in one eye was such as to enable this person to
recognize any friend at a very considerable dis
tance, but if very near, he could not recognize a
most intimate acquaintance, as he could see only
the eye or the mouth of his friend, and he was
not able to obtain, from the duration ol the im
pression of light and the rapid transference of the
eye from one feature to another,such a combina
tion of separate impressions as to give the like
ness which they composed.
zY wag on reading that in a certain engage
ment a Dey and two Knights were killed, re
marked that, that was what he called killing
time with vengence I
A few’ years ago, at a country town in Can
ada, an exhibition of ‘Hie identioal serpent
which tempted Eve,’raised no small contribu
tion towards building a church, thus rather
turning the tables on the mischievous reptile.
When an apprentice holds his head down,
you must not always imagine that it denotes
humility—nine times iu ten, it is done to hide a
dirty nose.
VOL. XXXI N IsW SEKIE>S • VOL VIL- ■XO r I
| Reported for the Baltimore. San.]
Thirty-Second Oongres»-2nd Session.
Washington, Jan. I
SENATE.
Mr. Shields presented several petitions pray
in« the removal of the present jail in this city,
thereconstmetion of the chain bridge, &<•’
Mr. Brodhead presented Hie meiiioti.i 0f1,400
citizens <>f New Yoik, praying that the grants
of land to Hie officers and soldiers ol the war ol
1812 be increased and made uniform at 160
Mr Hale obtained leave to withdraw the
resolution making inquiry into the conduct of
Commodore Morgan while in command of the
Mediterranean squadron.
Mr. Foot submitted resolutions directing that
the Governor of Vermont be informed of the
death of the Hon. Wm. Upham, and that tho
widow of the Hon. W. Upham be paid the ar
rearages of per diem and mileage tine him at the
time of bis death. Adopted.
Mr. Davis submitted a resolution calling for
copies of the correspondence not heretofore pub
lished relating to the northern fisheries. Adopt
ed.
Mr. Miller submitted a resolution, winch was
laid over, directing an inquiry into the propriety
of recognizing the independence of Liberia.
Mr. Gwin submitted a resolution, which was
agreed to, directing inquiry as to the expediency
of appointing an associate justice of the Supreme
Court in the United States for Oregon and Cali
fornia.
The bill for the relief of Purser McKean Bu
chanan was taken up and rejected—yeas 11,
nay 29.
Mr. Walker introduced a bill granting laud
to Wisconsin, to aid in the construction of cer
tain railroads in that State.
The Senate then proceeded to the considera
tion oi'Executive business,on Mr. Badger's nom
ination, by the following vote :
Yeas—Messrs. Bell. Brooke, Clarke, Cooper,
Davis,Dixon, Fish, Foot, Geyer, Hale, Jones, of
Tenn., Mangum, Miller, Morton, Pearce, Rusk,
Sebastain, Seward, Smith, Spruance, Sumner,
Underwood, Wade, Walker —24.
Nays— Messrs. Adams, Borland, Bright, Brod
head. Butler, Cass. Cathcart, DeSaussure, Dodge,
of Wis.. Dodge, of lowa, Downs, Felch, Gwin,
Hamlin, Houston. Hunter. James. Jones, of lowa,
Mallory, Norris. Soule—2l.
After some time the doors were re-opened and
the bill providing for tW establishment of a na
tional road to the Pacific, from the Mississippi,
was taken up.
Mr. Brooke submitted a substitute for the bill
providing for a contract with the company re
cently incorporated in New York, for the con
struction of this road.
A debate ensued, Mr. Brooke sustaining the
amendment and Mr. Gwin opposing it.
After further debate it was postponed.
The homestead bill was fixed for Wednesday
week. The Senate adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Several private bills were passed ; among
which was one granting a pension to Mis. Mc-
Ne l, widow of the late Major General McNeil.
Mr. Dean, of New York, moved a resolution
authorising the erection of a colossal statue to
Gen. Washington, the rules having been sus
pended for that purpose ; and that it be referred
to a committee on the state of the Union—the
object being to carry into effect an act of 1783.
Mr. Orr moved that the roll be suspended,
which required that the resolution should be re
ferred to the the committee of the whole.
The bill alluded to, required that the statue
should be in the Roman costume, and be execu
ted by a foreign artist, the resolution was amen
ded, so that it should be in the Continental dress,
and that the statue be executed by Clarke Mills,
who produced the statue of General Jackson,
recently erected.
After a short and unimportant discussion, the
resolution was adopted under the operation of
the previous question.
A bill was called up by Mr. Bowie, of Mary
land, extending the provision for widows and
children of officers and men who fell during the
Mexican war, or who died in consequence of
disease contracted there, for an additional pen
sion of five years, and was ultimately passed.
Mr. Marshall, of California, moved to suspend
the rules to enable him to introduce a resolution
placing ten millions of dollars at the diposal of
the President; which being objected to, the ayes
and nays were called, on a motion to suspend the
rules, which was negatived—yeas 26, nays 115.
Mr. Polk, of Tennessee, moved to suspend the
rules to enable him to introduce a resolution
granting to Clake Mills $ ,to remunerate
him for the equestrian statue of Gen. Jackson,
recently erec:ed in Lafayette square; which was
negatived.
Mr. Polk then modified the resolution by fill
ing up the blank with $15,000: and the yeas and
nays being taken on the suspension of the rules,
the motion was negatived yeas 96, nays 65
thprft not beinf? a two-thirds vote.
On motion of Mr. Houston, ot Alabama, the
small note bill was referred back from the com
mittee.
Air. Bowie, of Maryland, objected to the pro- |
cedure, as he had an amendment to propose. ■
On motion of Air. Jones, of Tenn., the special
order, referring back the bill, was postponed till
to-morrow.
After some other business of minor impor
tance, the House adjourned at an early hour.
Washington, Jan. 18, 1853.
SENATE.
Air. Bright presented the credentials of the
Hon. John Petit, Senator elect from Indiana, in
the place of the Hon. James Whitcomb, deceas
ed. Air. P. appeared and was sworn.
Mr. Badger introduced a bill abolishing the
right to hold to bail in civil cases in the District
of Columbia.
Mr. Shields reported back House bill appropri
ating $50,000 for the erection, by Clark Mills, of
an equestrian statue ot Washington, in Hie city
of Washington, and it was taken up and passed.
Mr. Alangum submitted a resolution, which
was agreed to. directing an inquiry into the pro
priety of purchasing, lor the use ol the navy,
Espey’s Conical Ventilator.
Mr. Soule submitted a resolution, calling for
correspondence relative to the claims of citizens
of the United States against Hayti. Adopted.
Mr. Brooke’s resolution relative to the causes
for the suspension of diplomatic relations with i
Hie Nicaraguan Minister, was withdrawn, for
the purpose of being offered in Executive session.
Air. Cass’ joint resolution, re affirming the
Monroe doctrine, was taken up. >.
Air. Cass said that two Presidents—Mr. Mon
roe, in 1834, and Mr. Polk, in 1845—had made
this declaration, and had given good reasons why
it should be adopted. Their declarations were
but an Executive protest against the re-coloni
zation of any part of the American continent by j
any European power. Ihe right to asset!' sueli ;
a right resulted from that principle of the law of
nations which always adapts itself to the circum
stances cf the world. The right of the title by
discovery, was one resulting irorn the discovery
of America, and has since become an established
principle.
To give any European power the right of do
minion over any of the American States, or to
place them in the position of dependant colonies, ;
then this nation would become involved in inex- I
plicable difficulty. The provinces thus colonized j
would in the event of any European war, be
come disturbed and involved in it as partisans of
their respective governments, and in this way
our commerce and relations with the world
would be embarrassed and circumscribed. The
right of self protection justified this declaration
and its maintenance. In the correspondence
between Mr. Rush and Mr. Canning, in 1824, )
this right was admitted bv Air. Canning. I
When such men as Air. Monroe, Polk and
Canning believed this right to be just, those who
held the doctrine now could stand undismayed
by the sneers and scoffs which everlastingly
were thrown upon them. If such a course was
right thirty years ago, how much more was it
proper and necessary now, when our position
has grown into strength and importance in the
world. There was no doubt but that the decla
ration made by Mr. Monroe had its due effect,
but it was not to be denied that the opinion was
fast growing in Europe that the United States
did not seriously intend to hold to its declaration.
It became our duty to declare that we do intend
to maintain that declaration, and that if Cuba be
seized upon by any European nation we will re
sist it by force.
The declarations of Messrs. Polk and Monroe
had lain idle in the archives, and should receive
a legislative sanction and force. It was evident
to the world that experiments were now making
on our forbearance, and being yielded to in any
case, events of critical importance will be forced
upon us. Our timidity and negligence have laid
us open to these attacks upon our rights. Pub
lic sentiment has always been right on this sub
ject, and far in advance of Congress. Some
years ago, when Air. Allen introduced resolu
tions on this subject, the Senate refused to take
them tip. It will have to be acted on at some
time. The South American States were falling
to pieces, and were closely watched by Euro
pean Governments. They are all interested in
defeating us. They will with avidity seize upon
any chance of interrupting or defeating our inter
course with the Pacific, and should any colony
tie established on this continent by Great Britain,
it will be to our annoyance and injury.
All Europe is sensible of our necessity to keep
up unimpaired our free and uninterrupted inter
course with the Pacific and, every thing they
can do, they will to defeat and injure us in this
respect. France had recently attempted to get
Sonora. It failed, but had it been successful no
doubt could exist but what France would have
insisted on her right to hold it. He had been in
formed some time previous of Hie projected at
tempt of France on Sonora. He read several ar
ticles from French publications, showing the fe
verish anxiety there to curb what they consider
the pushing ambition ot the United States, and
to check our progress. He had no doubt but
England and France would continue their poli
cy to check the United States. It should be an
swered firmly by the United States, in the shape
of this declaration.
His resolution applied this doctrine to Cuba.
He was willing to purchase Cuba—to pay a
liberal price for it, yet he would rather the peo
ple of Cuba, by friendly relations with Spain, or
by revolution, should become independent, and
then unite with us. He denied the unlimited
right of Spain to sell her territory, regardless of
the interests and desires of the people of Cuba. —
Congress, in 1811, directed the President to
seize upon Florida, in case any European nation
should attempt to take it. The people of Cuba
had the right to decide whether they would pre
fer to join to United States, oi be transferred to
another European nation, lie pointed out the
immense importance of the Gulf ofMexicoto
the United States, and contended that it Havana
became the property of England, the month of
the Mississippi in case of war, would be herme
tically sealed.
Spain was in no condition to do usliann, and
ho was content to leave it with her as long as
she could bold it, but it could not, bo transferred
to any other power. He read from a debate in
the English House of Commons some year ago,
when Lord George Bentick declared that the
way to settle the Cuban difficulty was for F.;
land to distrain and take the Jslanu for the debt
due by Spain, and thus put an end to American
boasting by cutting our commerce in t wo. He
referred also to the mortgage held by France on
the Island, and read Mr Everett's reply to the
two ministers, complimenting it in the highest
terms.
Os all the hypocricy from that of the Pharisee
of old, no instance was more remarkable than
that of the European governments thanking
God they were not like the poor publican Ame
rican, .who seized upon every thing upon which
he could lay bis hands.
He thought the object of France and England
in making the recent offer for atiipartitetn .ily,
was that they, having offered the United, States
a share in the control of Cuba, would -rhen he
free alone. They knew perfectly well that the::
oiler would be rejected. But they dekired free
dom to destrain lor their debts. He was for no
tifying them tluit the destrain could not be
leviwl. ,
He felt sure' that at’ ho JayTrorn this ffm?'
forward would the declaration of the United
States be regarded as idle with respect to this
subject. This declaration had been sneered at
as a John Doe and Richard Roe notification.—
Our forefathers issued such a notice on the 4th
of July, 1776. The emperor of Russia notified
the world a year ago ting; he was the regulator
of the affairs of Europe, and the United States
had refused to protest. The time had now come
when the United States should allow no infrac
tion of the laws of nations to pass unnoticed.—
This resolution would pass—not now, nor per
haps to-morrow—but it would certainly pass.—
This nation would not, he felt assured back out,
as was intimated the other day. In 1812 we
entered the war. and come out of it, front for
ward.
He gave an eloquent history of the progress of
this nation since the days of the Revolution.—
Our strides had been by decades, and of these
decades he had seen eight, and the progress in
prosperity, wealth and power had been uninter
rupted.
We had progressed politically also. The right
of search was once debated; it is settled now.—
The practical assertion of it now would be the
signal for war. Other difficulties had been over
come also.
The time was come when we must perform
our duty according to the position which we oc
cupied : and, as we performed that duty, so will
we deserve the inheritance bequeathed to us.
He rebuked that portion of the people who
styled any man who made an important move
ment a demagogue, and regretted that there
were so many in this country who were not
governed by patriotic feelings.
He really hoped the Emperor of China would
not set up a claim to California, for, if he did,
the claim would find defenders here. He desired
this continent to be free from European control.
Our nation is not to be circumscribed by posses
sions and colonies of European powers.
Mr. Butler followed, agreeing mainly with
Mr. Cass in his views, but inclining to the opin
ion heretofore expressed by Air. Calhoun, that
the declaration of Air. Monroe was t intended to
apply specifically to the attempt to restore the
Spanish American republics to the dominion ot
Spain.
Mr. Cass rejoined.
Mr. Hale followed, contending that in a mili
tary and commercial point of view Canada was
of tenfold the importance of Cuba, and main
tained that to be consistent England should be
notified that she could not sell Canada to any
power but the United States. He pursued this
subject at great length.
Air. Mason got the floor, and the Senate adj’d.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Air. Davis, of Mass., moved to re-consider the
vote of a former day, disallowing the claim of
Mr. Cullitnore for remuneration as a member of
Congress in 1813.
After a short discussion, Mr. Stuart, of Michi
gan, moved to lay the motion to reconsider on
the table: and the yeas and nays having been
ordered, the motion prevailed—yeas BG, nays 71.
Mr. Drooks, us licw Ymk, icported from the
committee on ways and means a bill lor estab
lishing a branch mint in the city of New York,
which was read a first time.
Mr. Chandler, of Pa., objected to the second
reading of the bill.
The morning hour having expired, the House
took up the District of Columbia small note
bill, and an amendment, reported by the com
mittee of the whole to the first section, reducing
the penalty for issuing the forbidden notes to
from 50 to SSOO, was read.
Air. Fieklin, of Illinois, moved the previous
question ; stating, at the same time, that the re
gulating the issue of notes above five dollars
would form the subject of a separate bill.
Tellers being appointed, there was found no
quorum voting.
At this jucture a message was received from
the Senate.
Air. Cartier, of Ohio, asked if there being no
quorum voling it was competent to receive the
message ?
The Speaker decided in Hie negative, and the
Secretary withdrew.
He then decided that the yeas and nays could
not be ordered but by a quorum of the House ,
and Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, appealed against
the decision.
Ths Speaker decided that the appeal could not;
be entertained when there was no quorum pre
sent.
Air. Gorman, of Indiana, moved that the
House adjourn, and tellers being appointed, the
motion was negatived—yeas 36, nays 8;>, a
quorum being present.
Mr. Stephens insisted that the appeal should
be considered, there being a quroum.
The Speaker decided that the yeas and nays,
which had been called when there was no quo
inn, must then be put.
Mr. Stephens again appealed ; and Mr. Cait
ter. moved to lay the appeal upon the table ; but;
again there was no quorum voting.
Air. Stephens contended that this was a proof
of the importance ol tho principle lor which
he was contending,by which members present
could be compelled to vote.
The yeas and nays were then ordered upon a
motion to adjourn, which was negatived—yeas
31, nays 122.
The appeal was then ordered to be laid on
the table—yeas 93, nays 23.
The yeas ami nays were then taken on the
amendment, which was agreed to—yeas 121,
nays 31.
A motion to lay on the table was then nega
tived, and the remainder ot the bill was read,
and, with one or two unimnoitant amendments,
was passed,
A motion was made to lay the bill upon the
table, and, tellers having been appointed, it was
negatived without the nays being taken.
The bill was then read a third time, repeated
motions to adjourn having been made —and, the
previous question having been exhausted.
Air. Stuart, of Michigan, moved to reconsider
the vote ; but Air. Houston, of Ala., had made a
motion to renew the previous question, which
wax iulcr/ upted by a motion to ndjolirn. Tho
previous question was then seconded.
A motion to adjourn again failed.
The motion to reconsider was negatived, and
a motion to lay the bill on the table was again
lost.
The motion that the House adjourn w’as re
peated, and tellers having been appointed, it was
negatived—yeas 51, nays 75.
The yeas and nays were then ordered on the
passage on the bill, which was carried—yeas 81
nays 33.
The usual motion was agreed to, to reconsider
the vote, and to lay the motion to reconsider on
the table, which prevents the vote from being
disturbed. The House then adjourned.
Currents or the Gulf. —The Nueces Val
ley of the Ist inst., publishes the following,
which was found enclosed in a bottle eight miles
southwest of Arkansas Pass, on Mustang Island.
It is signed by Capt. Newenham, of the British
West India mail packet Dee:
This makes the fourth bottle which 1 have
thrown overboad from this packet to ascertain
when picked up, if ever, the currents of the Gulf,
and any other existing stream. For this purpose
I have thrown overboard one off Jacmel, St.
Domingo ; one off'the Colorado Reefs, when pro
ceeding for Havana in April: one in the Mona
Passage when going to St. Thomas in May; and
this one now when neatly a day out from Jamai
ca, err rou/r* for Havana and Honduras, we ate
all well on board, some souls, and have had
no serious Hines during the tour months (Novem
ber 17th) absence from England.
Wm. Newenham, Lieut. R. N. Adm. Agent.
The prick of a pin often gives more acute
pain than the gush inflicted by a lancet. So
we pass through life ; our miner sorrows are
frequently harder to bear than our greatest ul~
tlictions.
A fond father demanded of his son,J aged six
years, what he would do if‘his dear lather were
suddenly to be taken away?’ ‘What dye
mean ” inquired the youth. ‘Suppose I "! * ■
to die,’ asked the parent,‘what would you <lo
‘l’d learn to swear mid shew tobacco, ngui’
rtraight.’
Fame is like a young duck in a mud-puddle—
verv easy to see, very easy to talk about al
ter you have seen it, but it is an awful job tq
get hold ol it.