Newspaper Page Text
JOURNAL MESSENGER.
S. T. CHAPMAN V S. ROSE, Editors.
T.o Agriculture of Mexico.
The people of Mexico seem far behind tl
general progress of civilization in the j)resci't
age, and judging from the frequent and wo,l
written accounts recently received from au
thentic sources of the state ol the country,
tl cu-iom*. manners, arts, ol thepeopU,
their advancement from primitive simpiicii;
and ignorance is small; and altho’ possessing
one of the most favorite climates and genera j
ly productive soils for agriculture, it is a sc -
cnee by the inhabit ants but little understoo 1
It is said that they are opposed to evoij
change that can be introduced among the? f
which tends to their improvement in this r’
sped, their farming utensils being of the ru l
est possible description; the same kind ;
those used by Cortez, at the conquest in tl •
sixteenth c< ntury, being used at this day i
this country.
The principal agricultural production of the
greater portion of Mexico, lire sugar, cor
and cotton, the latter ol which grows wi |i
luxuriance, the stalk being never killed I ;
the cold winter, and it might be profitably cu ■
tivated. if there was a demand for it, whie |.
however is not the case, there being no miles
or manufactures lor it in the country.
Corn grows well, and yields abundantly.
Two crops of it are made in a year, it the o f
cupant ot‘ the ground is not too lazy to tei !
it. —The first is planted in March and gathe 1
ed in June and July. The second is plunt< li
in July or the tirst of August, and gather*l
in November and December.
A writer from the army observes, “Wlufi
we arrived at Monel ova, the first ol Novel i
ber. roasting ears and green fodder were |
bundant for ourselves and horses, from tl.**
second crop. This is the principal crop of tl j*
year, as it is less liable to injury from the \i
cissitu h ‘ of the weather than the first cro |
The yield of corn is about fifty bushels to tl
acre i;i a tiii.d field. Wit 1 1 good culture tl *
quant;; v vrould be increased considerably.-!
The stalks grow to an enormous height. I
have often seen them around Monclova f‘>
tall, that when sitting on my horse which •;*
full sixteen hands high. 1 could not reach tl!
ears of corn.
It might not be profitable to plant corn >’
th. fall; but there is a wider range from Fell
ru ry to Au. 1. 1 to put in the ground ail
nave r <;od crop.
ugar r. nvsfinely; nndonly needs a lit! I
• <md ;td quite ma rtainery to enable tl
bitant . > ] rod . v lurgi qu mtitie* •!’ I
not g.Minod ns with us. hut when in s y
is run into moulds resembling small loavi *
- . cm. ad pi lone'B, weigh i Jig about I
_-yo:id Monclova, nowever, whore t! i
co . itry becomes more elevated, sugar can 1 1
procured with much advantage.
iCheat may be raised in Mexico with grerjt
facility, mill although in lutitude k’5 w ami IT I
sever.d hundred Hides tardier south Ihitl
Louisiana. tvi.ere the grain cannot be proth
c.J, it ii grown to jierieetion. So are uppli I
and pe te.hi:.'. This is owing to the elevntii I
of llie country above the level of the Ht tt.
At Cingas,, a village fifty miles west it
Monelnvu, large quantities of excellent whei
am raised. There are two flourishing mi! r
at Mom ova. propelled hy tlie steam jiowi
which pu-scs through the town. Toe lloul
however, is inferior to that oi this country
the besf Mexican not b< ing so line or equal u
appearance to that of the American article.
Oats and rye arc not grown in Mexico; ha 1
lex however, grows finely, and might l<
produc'd i,i large quantities.
Nearly till descriptions of vegetables gro i ■
finely. With most kinds, a person may si
lect his own time thr planting. Fresh pc; I
lettuce, beans, &c. may be had the yet
round, by planting them repeatedly; pe
six inches in length, were growing at Parr i<
the ltith of December, which were planti I
lor a winter top. As the climate is to pi
pttious. and all plants have been reared I
irrigation, a planter or gardener may sell ■
his own time for planting.
Tl. • same writer says: ■ Riding on the 10
of D ceinber. up the v alley in which l’nrr
is situated. I came to a field where they’ we.
sowing wheat. The sower was sowing ti
wheat broad cast on the unpiougiied groan 1
Twenty-three ploughs Ibllowed each otln 1
on tile same hind, ploughing the wheat in.-’
A contrivance lor a harrow leveled the grout 1
after the plough. Every’ plough was drawl
by ;wo oxen. The ploughs were of the sun •
p.tUerti of those used by the Homans tw*.
thousand years since. They were made t’
the fork of a small tree, one prong of whirl
answered for the brum, and was cut Ion)
enough to fasten the oxen to; the other pronj
was cut oil about four feet long, nndsharpet |
edat the i id and a single stick fastened in*•
tiie fork and projecting back, made the har
die. This was the whole plough —lock, stocl!
and barrel. When a tree cannot be foum
n short stick is morticed into a long one.- 1
The short prong was the coulter, the lon I
one the be rm. This was fastened by a raw’ |
bide thong to the ox-yoke, which, rn turn, wi.* ;
fa tened to the front of. and to tire horns i !
the oxen, by another raw-hide thong. Tl 1 i
handle was held by a pseon, who was acme 1
in the other with a long pole, with a shat
goad on the end of it. which he unsparingl ■
plunged into the oxen to qnicktu their sjieer
or to change their direction.”
Pumpkins and n variety of squashes, grot’
abundantly end are much used. Asa gem
ral thing, very few vegetables are used b
the Mexi ■ . .
Irish potatoes cannot, or at least have no 1
been ■. i many parts ofMexieo, ulthoug!
we know not why in some parts of the couir
try tin y might not be introduced to advant
age. All that were discovered by the troop
in their advances through the country wen
t. y found at SStiltillo. and they were th
t . o''in ir ites and pigeon’s eggs, and hut o’
lit; e value ‘o cut.
. tra.ig. • l’ .oiV very beiiutimlly and with lux
u ice in every part ol Mexico, although
. : tl. olrr and northern portions of the
try are of tT> “- kind. Swtvl oranges
c and id iurtli r sou h, and in lower
... and valleys, near the w a coast.
. uu Cji i i/; •.’ U twnnl Intligcnccr i
( ultivnliu.i >t i olloinii India.
There i nothing which occurred a: the laic meeting
of due “liri'-inh \*MJcifcto©,” ol more intereat to the
me cai.uie community tn both vide* of the Atlantic
Chau the |U|H*r v.Ukh WU retd bf Prulessoc Koyie, ou
“The ; tut .lien oi tlie Colton Trade.” The subject l
more K|eciticaUy was, “On the iniports of India, nt j
compared w ith the prices of American cotton. The
•xpcri.neiits which have been inode by the Cast India
Company lor th** unpioveineut of the culture and cl an*
ingej cotton ui the withuett of India have Pull'd, l
from the *ccive dryuees ol the srsqft during which
they have been made ; hut it Is thought that cotton may
be fully cultivated in Ihtndelcund, and with the
aid of irrigation. in the neighborhood of tin* Cange* and
the Ju man. as in the similar climate of Lgypt, when the
great canai now making iscompleated. Iti the Ptmnsir
la of India ilu’*uec<-mi lias been consolerrible Cotton
from thi* district may, Dr. Hoyle thinks. !*• land* Int
Liverpool for n‘ ■ ut Sid per lb. He stated that the“ryats”
(ftmi cr)only waul purchase and lionest prices, and
that a rise of a farthing per pound in the local maiket
would greatly extend tlie cultuie of Cotton. Thirty
four bales of cotton have been sent from tins district to
Liverpool valued at 6 3-4d.s pound, aud considered
equal to “ftiir New Orleans.” This ufn r paying 3ld
Air tlic expense of ouavnyance from the place of gn wth,
leaves 3; I. tor the grower.
Intis- Southern Mahratta country, especially nearihe
IV arwar.tlie cultuie of cotton ha* attained complete
auccena under Mr. Mercer, “the intelligent American
planter The nttlvcs encouraged by thr Government
; iiin nt,awing mure cution produced from the ared
introduc'd, and a IteUer price obtained art'll from tha
rv ‘ipy i ■ interior amended Urair cultivation laal
) rn> at.. ’ thirty thouaand arraa, ami liavV'sneered
. ad ~i .deni ni; (l-eir cotton by the improved gin,ao that
g acme of their c-r p (to tlic . atent of one hundred ami
W a> lt'<* b it valued, at Liverpool, at 61
nn 63-4 ii perils Tile climate here i* con-idrrrd t>y
Mr deicer,to belike that of South Carolina, and thr
dhe lousd returning toils original character He
also state* ihat there i abundance of land fitted for cot
ton culture, nntUhnt nothing is required but are gular de
mand, tohave the land covered?with cotton, ltis known
to be possessed of certain good qualities, such as its col
or, the readiness w ith which it takes color in dyeing, and
its great swelling in the process of bleaching. Both the
latter effects are probably ow ing to its being grown in a
comparatively dry climate. The chief cause which ha B
hitherto prevented the ready consumption of Indian
cotton in the English manufactories is the dirty slate
in vohieh it is seat to market. “The cultivator,” Dr.
Roy le so vs, “picks his cotton carle wly enough, hut he
sells it in comparatively a clean state to the tcahkary
(ormiddle man,) who wishing to increase his profit, does
so by increasing the weight of his cotton and
meets a fall by a still further adulteration with inferior
cotton, cotton in seed, seed, fine stand, Ac.”
The overage price lor upland American cotton for 11
years, from 1808 to 1821, was 151 J. to 21J per lb. That
of Indian or Surats, 13id. to 18d.
The average of American lor the 11 years ending
with 1811, was6l to hi. That of Indian, 31d toGId.
In 1815 the average of American cotton was about
44d, That of Indian from 2id to 3.1 per pound.
The average exports of Indian cotton tor the five
years previous to 1825, was 3'J,SGB hales, that ol 1811,
wa5233,433 hales ; that ol 1846, only 185,119 biles, but
it would rise again in the yenr 1817.
Dr. Royle states various reasons lor the irregularity
of the trade arising from the variation in internal con
sumption, the exports to China, the fluctuating demands
of the English market, caused by the American crop
and prices, and the cotisequent uncertain profit to the
Indian grower.
It is q file clear, from this laboriously constructed pa
per that since the c i ltivation of cotton is skilfully con
ducted by the natives in West and Central India, and
the cotton of good quality and moderate in price, it re
quires only the investment of capital by those interested
in the cultivation of cotton in India, and the more per
fect cleansing it and delivery of it at market, to ren
der it a very important rival at Liverpool and Man
chester to the cotton of the United States. It is dif
ficult to make a brief summary of this document, hut
the above comprehends its most particular points.
flrrcriiii, and rattening ( attic.
Science means that knowledge, not only of the de
tails of a business or a profession which enables us to
practise it as an or!, but that intimate know ledge of al]
the reasons upon which each particular proceeding in
the art is founded, which will enable us to take advan
tage of unexpected circumstances, and to originate,
when it is desired, new inodes of proceeding in par
ticular rases, it is a knowledge of principal instead of
details.
The advantages of science in the rearing and fattening
of cattle, though not much thought of by those who fol
low the business, are not exceeded by those in any other
department of agricultural pursuit. Asa proof of this,
w e find it stated in the Herd Book, a work by L. F. Al
len Esq., that in 1701 the average weight of"beef cattle
at the Smithfield market in London was but 370 lbs
each.
“A select committee of the House ofCommons, in a
report printed in 1705, stated that since the year 1732
t ieir neat cattle, on an average, had increased in size
and weight 25 per cent. This would make the average
at that time (1705) 4G2 pounds. Tlie average of fatted
cattle was formerly al*out five years. At this last period
the peculiar stage of the times in great Britian, and in
deed in all Europe, (for the French revolution had stirred
up the political cauldron ol nearly all Christendom,) was
exciting increased attention to agricultural pursuits; and
the spirit of improvement in their herds of neat cattle
had spread through England and Scott land to a wide
eluent, probably no period of time ever witnessed u
more rapid dissemination of valunb!<* material for pro
moting the increased excellence in this variety of do
mestic animals, than the thirty yeais succeeding that
period. We are not supposed, then fore, at finding, ac
cording to the same authority,tli. average o! the Smith
field cattle in JB*X) at C 56 pounds end.— n inci M.se,
in twenty-five years of over 10 per cent —mi astonishing
contrast; and when it is understood that these
were fitted for tlie market ar an average of lour years
of age, instead of live, and probably with a lessened con
sumption of one year one year of forage, and a slight
ly increased expense of annual preparation for
market pei head, the additional profitable results arc
enormous. So much for improvements in England,
where their efforts in all brandies of agriculture are
till advancing with uedinonDhed vigor.”— Former.
Agricultural Education*—Schools.
We copy tlie following article from the Prairie Far
mer. a monthly publication issued at Chicago, Illinois.
There is more common sense in it oit the subject of
Agricultural Education than wc find in ordinary pa
|**rs. The Farmer says :
“ For several years, many of our newspapers and
agricultural clubs have had much to say of th e establish
ment of agricultural schools, and in one or tvs'O instan
ces have thrown themselves upon the subject as a sort of
hobby. We have rather stood aloof from the discussion,
because we have not very clearly seen the aim at which
they were driving, and have been under the impression
that those who were most eager in the business, did not
themselves see their way with entire plainness.
If we have understood the ideas generally put forth,
they hove been to set up single schools, in which agri
culture, theoretical und practical, should be the who.'e
study. The models lor these schools are to be found
in Grent Britain, or on the continent ofEurope. It this
be the object aimed at, we are free to say, that we re
gold the plan witk buie firm. Nothing, it acemsto
us, could sooner put such a conceit out of the head of
Americans, than the perusal of Mr. Column s account
of these schools. The idea ot making a man a tanner,
and so educating hint that he can be nothing else,
mnv do lor that country ; but it will never do here.
The Incility with which men here change their oc
cupations, though productive oi some evels, and many
times abused, is a peculiarity belonging to our country,
which it is not desirable to change, until there is Jess
change in other things. In England, a man works all
his lile at one branch of business ; and if he is thrown
out of that, lie is us helpless as a child of ten years. We
do not desire to see men thus educated here, whether
the education bo agricultural or in any thing else. The
duties “f an American citizen require that he shall pos
gr at i inny thing- . Partic
ular mi I thorough knowledge* of one kind, and no
knowledge of any thing else, may give him power in
that direction ; but it exposes th individual and socie
ty to perils which ought not to he risked. We do not
want lawyers wtio know nothing hut law ; nor minis
ters ‘t the gospel who know nothing but theology ; nor
physicians who know nothing but physic. Their cine*
loree may and ought to lie expended in the line of their
professions ; but tney must be properly instructed in
other departments of knowledge, that the mind an!
cliuracier may be balanced; otherwise they may be
come dangerous member* of society, if by any cnancc
they are thrown out of their sphere. Nor do we want
farmers to be educated to know nodiing but tanning
What is wanted of all professions and |*mhuilh is dial
tin y know one thing intimately, and ut/iera trell.
Our system of education haa hitherto been mainly
right. It haa been to teach children the principles of
things, to instruct them in the nit of thinking Hence
in our higher schools and colleges, die aim is iiot so
much to perfect the atundent in the minutiw ofa single
branch of knowledge, or to impart u great amount ol
knowledge, ns to instruct him in the elements of many
branches, and quality him to go forwurd himself, in
any direction be pleases, after he leaves the institution.
In short, the object is to enable the student to educate
himself Foreigner often amuse themselves at the
number of studies to which our pupil* ; uiicmiaud some
nmouxu* declaim uhout it, mainly because it ditleia
from tlie pin ns of other rout i tries; but we maintain, that
though not tree iiout evils, the plan is right.and adapted
to our ciicuimtunce*; and dial it would be folly to
sultitutc lor it uny other.
It is possible thut wi- do not do full justice to the views
of those of wholly we speak ; hst that their plan is to
| establish what may he called agricultural eoZ/rgee—in
’ dilutions to which young men may r- pair after tiinsh
! lug die ordinary routine of studies, lor die study ol og*
i ricuiture. botliua an art and a science—-something like
1 our Inw and medical school* ll this b* the plan, we
are not prepared to say hut that it may, at wnn<* future
time*. la* p ft inly developed by die failure ol all such pro*
■ jectslur year* to come.
Atlot*ticl( . siiflicient to driest this plan is, that the
tne ore ol ng leulturr s n* t vet sadi' a irntly perfect to
•tiiud by its* il as a system ol un\ is. I instruction. Its
truth* are olicn too much in die dark tube taught to
1 voting men. a*ac*cnt.lic truths are uaualy, taught,in tne
1 high* *i schools
Theuttwre uie not at present teoeliera to man such
institution* : but us we might t>e treading on tender toea
, to enlarge here, we will he content with the mere date*
■ meat of the fact.
Hut not Uidcal merely in objections—there is mani
festly abe tut plan—-oo e which wa* recommended ui
I this journalseveral year* ago.
Tne country feafready, in a measure, supplied with
school*. Common school* exist in some *;..pe and
i perfection in all the Btales. Then there are private and
I select seho -la, academics, seminaries, and high scboo.s ,
and still further, colleges and wave-* ties Now why
| cannot the study of agriculture, in its different bran-
I dies, introduced into all these schools t We maui
-1 tain that it can.
It must be remembered that agriculture is no single
i 1 study, like aridimeiic, or mental philosophy ; but that
is bawd upon ami divided into a great number of bran-
I die* of study* varud and diverse in aha racier. There
it i* perhaps no division of education which consists m
maintaining un aequajfltNMM with thnigs which does
not bear upon it. Those elementary braneh*s, necta
ry to educate the tarmer, are neceminr to educate every
other iinn ; and hence up to the hignrr and more ab
struse of its scientific principles all shtniid Is* educated
together.
Hie studio* which belong loan agricultural education
are. arithmetic, geometry, natural philosophy, algebra,
, mensuration, chemistry, geology, mineralogy, plivsiolo
i tty °f vegetables and animals, and poll tics I ami dome*,
f tic eronourv To these, at tome stage of tht coutua,
others might be added—such ns would impart a thor-,
ough acquaintance with the domestic animals, practi
cal and particular husbandry, and analytic cfidmin-
H V
Is there any difficulty iu attaching any or oil of these
branches to out present school systems, acdorditg to
tiieir various grades l La not the proper place lor them
to be taught in our schools, academies ami colleges ‘ it
is hard to believe that there can be two opinions held by
candid persons acquainted with the ffhac.plcs and and
-ol youthful instruction. Vaie and Cambridge
have already departments attached for instruction in
s entilic agriculture, and others will undoubtedly ioi
low.
It maybe advisable, and undoubtedly will be found
so, to modify in the higher schools the course of instruc
tion lor those who are to become farmers. A college
course ol study might easily be formed, leaving out
principally, or wholly, the dead languages, which con
sume much time, and substitute those which teach in
stead a knowledge of things —leaving it optional with
ih.* student, at Ins entrance, to pursue the press-at, or the
new course. ‘Flu* two courses much of the way would
be identical.
Should the students of the new class increase to war
rant it, colleges of that sort might be established lor
them as demanded ; and those, having grown out of the
demand, would be permanent. It is in general much
easier and safer to reform and remode l old institutions,
than to revolutionize for new ones. All sweeping and
radical changes in education we look upon not only ns
undesirable, but os chimerical.
There is no rational doubt that a general introduction
into our courses of education, ol such studies as bear
upon agriculture, is demanded by the general interest*
of society, and will be demanded by society itself, so
soon as the case is made clear to its apprehensions.”
Prairie Fanner.
JOURNAL X MESSENGER.
tl A i o \ ,
WEDNESDAY, OCT. 27, 1847.
FOR PRESIDENT,
GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR.
The Grand Lodge.
Tlie Grand Lodge of Georgia opened to; annual com
munication yesterday in tliis city, R W., John Hun
ter and A. Benton, Deputy Grand Mas ters presiding.
.\l. VV. Grand Master W. C. Dawson was de
tained by important business at Jasper Superior Court,
but is expected to arrive to day. There is present we
learn a very general representation of Subordinate
Lodges, now numbering over Sixty in the. .State.
To-morrow at 11 o’clock A. M. an address wiii be de
livered before tlie Grand Lodge ut the Presbyterian
Church, by R. D. Arnold M. D. ol Savannah ;-a gentle
man of decided talent and deserved reputation. In the
afternoon, it is expected that a monument will be erect
ed with the usual Masonic ceremonies by the order to
the memory of our late and lamented fellow citizen Dr.
Ambrose Bauer. The procession will probably move
from Masonic Hall, to the Cemetery at about hall past
2 o'clock.
Macon County.
Great injustice has been done the gallant Whigs of
Macon by all the presses in the State. Mr. Towns did
riot get a majority of 30 votes. On the contrary Gen !
Clinch’s majority is 62 votes being us large a majority ;
as was ever given in the county.
Homicide.
The examination beiore the Bench of Magistrates in
the case of the state versus Peter Shannon charged
with Killing Alonzo Brown on fridny last in tins city
resulted in the commitment of the accused to the coun
ty jail to await lus trial at the next Bibb Superior
Court which commences its session on Monday next.
The ;ninunah Georgian.
Our cotemporary of the Savannah Georgian, has pro
cured a complete an J elegant outfit of new type, and
now presents to lus readers, one of the most neatly
printed papers in the State. We hope that his increas
ed patronage may equal hts enterprize and his efforts to
please lus readers.
Tallahassee Stage Line.
Messrs. Wright A Sawyer, the enterprising con
tractors for earn ing the mail between this city and Tal
lahassee, have recently added to their stock three large,
roomy nd elegantly finished nine-pasjeiiger coaches.
They are from a Boston manufactory, and we venture
to say, that for comfort and safety, they are unsurpassed
by the coaches upon any of the great Southern lines.—
Messrs. Wright A Sawyer have also placed upon
their line a full stock of carefully selected horses, and
are now able to travel the entire distance to Tallahas
see in a little over forty hours; thus making the route
much the most safe and expeditious for persons in the
Southern or Western States, desirous of reaching Mid
dle or West Florida. The rapid increase of population
iu Florida, and her growing importance as a State, we
think should induce the Post Master General to change
this (now tri-weekly) into a daily route. Florida is en
titled to a daily communication with the balance of the
Union, at, at least, one point; and that of course should
be her capital. We feel convinced that if the Govern
ment would consent to give the contractors the usual
;>ay, the increase ol travel would be ample to sus
tain a daily line. We most respectfully suggest tlrnt
the Florida Legislature, soon about to convene, may
take this matter into consideration, and that the
| Georgia Legislature co-operate in any action which
I may be hail. The people oi the South-Western coun
ties are especially interested in this matter, as it will
have an important beuring upon that great enterprise in
w'h ich they are now* so deeply concerned, the South-
Western Railroad. The day is not very far distant
wh il. as a thorouglifare, this Florida line will compare
with auy lateral line in the Southern States.
The Vficon l , rrsentinents—The Railroad.
That portion of the presentments of the Grand Jury
of Macon c ounty, which refers to the resources and
condition of South-Western Georgia, is worthy of
special attenth n. Is it a fact that cotton is frequently
worth one third more in Macon than at the gin house
of the South-Wi Ptern Planter? If so, what is the real
cause of the difler ence ? Nothing but the facilities of a
good market, pom* ssing a speedy, cheap, and certain
outlet to an Atlantic’port. The evil being understood
and the cuuses it remains lor the people to ap
ply the remedy prompt.'y and efficiently. We have had
talking enough in regarel to the jkmth-Western Road.
Let uh now try what virtue there iin action. AH ad
mit that the enterprise is root alfiaionnry one—that the
investment will be safe and profitable. The only diili
cuity is to raise the necessary fitnii. Wa .have before
HUgg**sted tlie justice and propriety* of appealing to the
State for u Hulmcription of $850,01)0 to the stock. In
ordi r to make tlie invetuueut pericctl/ aale, it might lie
provided in the act, that such subscription shall not be
iiiudc until a Hiiuilar sum of $250,1M.H1 ahull have hem
in good faith expended by Uk* Central Company, and at
lonst the like sum of $250,000 by private iiHlividual*.—
It can also be provided that the said sum of $500,000,
raised by the Central Company mid by private stock
holders, shall have been expended in the gradin g of tlie
roud, m purchasing cars, laying the superstructure,
constructing dejiots, dkc. 4kc.—and that the $850,000
sulwcnbed by ilw State, shall he appropriated exclusive
ly for the purchase of iron. This would complete
seventy-five miles of the roud, and would open a com*
utuiuculion to tlie very hemt of the South-Western
counties. Private capital would then accomplish the
balance.
‘Plie road thus constructed would run, according to
the survey now progressing under Mr. llqixomb,.within
forty miles of Cukunbus; thus in etiect building fifty
inilesof road lor the benefit of that city, and placing it
entirely within the p..wei of her p<*oplc to connect with
Macon by n wlioit roud of only forty miles, and to reach
tb** Atlantic in twenty horn* Will not the people of
Columbus heat lily ©operate man enterprise of tliin
km I. vrfttch must relieve them of all their present em
harrawsim tits uud s cu:c to them fiir ever the trade oi
l.ie p< pulous and wealthy adjacent counties, both ill
‘<* oigtn and Alabama l Can th- y hesitate to abandon
all iheir present pinna and emhiace one which must
Mgiceed, uud which will ultimately give tIMUi a double
outlet to lire Atlantic and the (lull, lor a comparatively
insignificant outlay of mom y I Surely the stockhold
ers of the Central Company cun oiler no objections to
such a plan, as evtry dollar which they xpeud will be
r turned to lia iii in Increased profits during the first
live yenra. Nor can the Legislature rt ssonal ly refuse
in ntraugem lit which, tiewdes being a simple act ol
jmtire to the Booth-West, will greatly tend to develop
tire resource* and increase the tuxuUc property of the
Stnte. What Uien is to prevent success I Noth.ng but
the inactivity uud iuaieasncMM of those who nre mos l
dee|4y inierested in the enterprise. Let the people in
their primary assemblies, not only express their (pin
ioos, hut instruct their Senators and Kepiwsrntativrs to
I takesiw-h a< lion nswdi secure the adoption of prompt
] measure*. Tht Hiate con rati no rink—on the contra
ry,aiic must profit both directly and indirectly by the
enterprise, bccaum it must nee*-Manly become the great
thoroughfare, both of trade and travel, between th.
Atlantic and the Gulf The time ha* come—let the
friends of the Bouih-Went be up and active.
1 he Southern Quarterly Review.
We are in receipt of the October number of this ad
mirable wutk, now published by M •‘•srs. Burgf.ss A
James, and conducted by Mr. Clapp, well known for
years s die gitrd Editor of the Charleston Mercury. —
We find iu the present issue, abl<- and well digested pa
per, on tlie folhiwing subjects:
1. The Quadrupeds of North America.
2. Mutual influence of National Literature.
3. Mexico—her people and revolutions.
4. Lives of the liortl Chancellors.
5. Territorial Government of the United States.
6. Dr. Chancers.
7 Letter's Political Ethics.
**. Critical Notices.
Tlie Review is admirably primed, and for neatness
•ofuiechauic.il execution and the solidity of its articles
will compare, not disadvantugeously, with that oldest
and best of ad Quarterlies, tlie North American. ‘l'll**
critical articles in the October number, are characteri
zed by discriminating judgment and good taste. Mr.
C. is highly gifted os n paragraphst, trad, what is
more reriiarkohle, he is, at the same time, eminently
aide in those eflbrts which require elaborate research
and profound reflection. He mingles the grave and
gay most happily and the discriminating reader will al
ways find much in his pages to amuse and instruct
Wc especially commend the work to our friends. The
publishers will please be careful to direct in future to
the “ Journal and Messenger, Macon,” and not us here
tofore to the “ Journal at Mill dgeville.” The present
number would have been noticed a we k sooner had it
been properly directed.
Edward Carriugtou label.
This gentleman, now the representative of the peo
ple of Florida, in the United .States House of Represen
tatives, recently passed through this city on his way to
Tallahassee, from Virginia, where he had been otto
visit to his relations and friends. Mr. Cnbel is the
young, but talented, gentleman to whom the Whigs of
Florida and of the nation are so deeply indebted for his
personal eflbrts in that State in two very warmly con
tested canvasses, which resulted in his filial triumph and
that of his patty in the Legislature. This gives to his
friends the selection if a United States Senator in place
of Mr. Westcott, and we are pleased to notice his name
mentioned among tlie first of those entitled to the dis
tinguished honor. Though the Whigs of tlie nation
would dislike to see die position of Florida in the lower
House changed or even j- oparded, still nothing would !
afford them more gratification than to see the crown ‘
placed upon the head ol him who has done so much to
win it.
Col. JHclutoftli.
The Savannah Georgian warmly seconds our sug
gestion in regard to the propriety of some action on the
part of the next Legislature giving a substantial testimo
nial of their estimation oi the heroic conduct of the late
Col. Mclntosh, and quotes the example ol the people of S.
Carolina, in rai ing a find by voluntary contnbution
for tlie family of Coi Butier. It is right and proper
that sum* thing should he bone*and we trust that the
tuna nicy be drawn from the Treasury, as thereby all
will contribu e.
Lots of Good Things.
The vnitiis and ladies of the city, should not fnil to
pay a visit to Mr. Charles H. Freeman’s on Cotton
Avenue. Hi 4 stock ofc tidies, To vs oramiied Fruits.
Dried Fruits, Preserves, Sauces. Segura Ac Ac. is
very large and inoet admirably selected. His Candies
are of home manufacture and are warranted to be equa;
to tlie best that can be procured in the Norh. flis
Brandied and preserved fruits are carefully put up.
while lus Cigars pujf as pleasantly as any in the City. *
Ifc>ee Advertisements.
Ohio Election.
The Whigs have gained a signal triumph in Ohio,
having cariedboth branches of the Legislature, the Sen
ate by 2, the House by 6 majority; thus securing a whig
senator in the place ol Mr. Allen and the power to des
troy the miserable gueny-mandered senatorial districts
created by their opponents.
Florida Election.
The Whig majority in the Florida Legislature, will
probably be 5 in the Seuate and G in the House, giving a
majority on joint ballot of eleven votes—enough for all
practical purposes. The Sentinel, one of the most tal
ented Whig papers in the Sou'h, exhorts the Whigs of
the Legislstuie to great prudence and moderation in
the exercise of their authority. It says that tlie body
will be one distinguished for talent and intelligence.—
Our Whig brethren ol Florida deserve infinite honor for
the great triumph which they have achieved. May
their reign be a long and prosperous*one, worthy the
efforts they have made, w orthy of their gallant bearing
and worthy of the growing character of their State.
Railroad Meeting in Elbert.
The citizens ol Elbert county have recently had two
public meetings, at which resolutions were passed in
lavor ol the construction of a Railroad from Eiberton,
to connect with the grand junction Road from Wash
ington, Wilkes county, to the Central or Georgia
lines. Committees were appointed “to correspond
with the Grand Junction and Central Railroad Compa
nies to ascertain upon what terms the projected Road
can unite with them, and w hat amount of stock the
city of Savannah would subbcnbe to tlie project .”
The same Committee were also authorized to commu
nicate with the Georgia Company, and “ascertain upon
wliat terms said road can unite with that Road at any
point, the most convenient and available, and what
amount of stock the cities of Augusta and Charleston
will subscribe to theprojected Road.”
The people were addressed by Messrs. Toombs and
Heard, and manifested a strong interest in favor of the
construction of a work which would give to them the
advantages ol a constant and speedy communication
with the seaboard.
The Vtlan a Convention*
It will be recollected thut there is to bean internal
Improvement Convention at Atlanta, Georgia, on the
23.1 of November,at which are expected tube present,
Delegates from several of the adjacent states. At the
Dalton and Knoxville meetings there were no
delegates from Macon, Savannah ani-the Central por
tion* of Georgia. So tar ns the published proceedings
of the Knoxville convention are concerned, it was evi
dently a Charleston atiiiirnnd the reports were evident
ly intended,not aomuch to throw light upon the great
subject of Internal Improvements, as they were elec
tioneering documents trained purposely, to put money in
to the pockets o| the shop keepers ol Charleston! Similar
ut tempts may be made in the approaching Atlanta Con
vention. We trust therefore that the true interest of
Georgia, tuny be represented and that Iter territory may
be protected against the invasions of those foreign ri- i
vals who ure necking only to fatten upon the results of
Georgia enterprise.
The full ill i ot'on.
Tlie continued and disastrous tall of cotton in Kurope*
ought to leuch every thinking pluuler in this tommy,at
least, two things:
1 That the story, which was generally circulated
just prior to the lute Klee non in Georgia, that me u i-
VHiice in cotton, wus owing to the operation oi the
Volk Tunil wus inunuiactuied purpo* y to gu.l them
into tlie support of Democratic men and measu.es.
2. Tliat in order to be indepeudsni of Foreign milti
dices and lort ign reverse* in the money market Uie
cotton grower should sustain home nianuthctohe* and
home interests. If the imumiMctuuig capacity of the
IJiuted States, were equal to a million and u half of ales*
the Hank of Kngiand would no longer Ik* able, by a
single change m the rote oi interest, to advuuce or dc
pre*s die price oi cotton a cent und a hull per pound in
a single day. The power of the bank, a* i well known,
is alwaysixerted in iuvour of the liritish subject and
agamst the Aineru un ettuen. It therefore follow* that
ao long as Knghind is the great market for our ruw ma
terial, ao long will the planter he in the power of the ior
cigu puichasi-r. Aside then from the consideration of
limn-dime profits arising Irom the e*uibli*hinelit of cot
ton mills in tlie south, every planter must see from tin*
single ciiTunistfliicv that it wdl ultimately be greatly to
hi* interest to invest ut leust one third oi his capital in
such enterprise* It is a question of independence us
well a* of profit uud deserves to lie carefully studied by
<>ur |toiittcinns >md law givers, as well a* by our rnouied
nun. The Legislature oi Georgia, soon to u wemble,
will doubtless lie colled upon totakeaoiue defliuite ac
in regard to the charter* oi incorporated c inpaiues.ntid
we suiccrely trwt that tlie members may be enabled to
take an enlarg'd and enlightued view oi the present
condition oi atiuirs, and that their action may hi* such
a* to build up h -me interests and develope home resour
ce*.
Am fill Explosion#
$ (ring avioent thunder storm h the City • i Nash*
vi.fr,Tanneasrr,on the 12thinst. the Powder Magazine
at that place was struck wait lightning, causing an aw j
fal explosion, which si took the city ns by an earthquake, j
and spread dismay, destruction nud death on oil aides. ,
About one hundred houses were destroyed or greatly ]
damaged and many lives lost. Ten dead bodies have
already been recovered from beneath the sad ruins.—
The dwelling of Mr. Shevers was torn to pieces, his
lamily badly injured and one young 1 iJy killed.
The War, The Army.
“There is nothing,” says the N. O. Bnllietin : “in the
recent advices from Mexico, that holds out any expec
tation that the Mexican Government, or people, have
the least wish or intention of making peace —on the
contrary, notwithstanding the uninterrupted misfortune®
and defeats dial have continually attended them, since
the first commencement of the war, there seems to be
nothing but the prospect of continued and imbittertd
hostility on their part.”
A letter from Maj. Gaines, written from the capital
after its capture,says:
“The Congress of Mexico.it is said, will assemble at
Queretcno.on the sth ofOctober,and high expectations
are entertained that peace will shortly Ir* made. lam
one of thos-3 who doubt it. They have been whipped
in not less than twenty battles, their capital captured*
one thousaud pieces of artillery and nearly fifteen thou
sand prisoners taken. How many more killed and
wounded, 1 know not : and yet, if there is any party
here iti favor of peace, I have heard nothing of it. VV'e
also have to mourn our losses. Since this gallant army
entered this valley, on the 14th ult., I very much fear
that two thousand v\ ill not cover our killed and wound
ed, and still a peace is not “conquered.” Lei us hope
for the best—the worst can but come.”
Mr. Kendai.i., writing also from the capital, says:—
“Assassinations continue. No less than ten murder
ed soldiers were found this morning, in the vicinity of
the quarter of San Peblo, and eight on the previous day.
The fault lies partially with our own men, who straggle
from their quarters and get intoxicated at the pul
queria, or grog shop; yet the fact that even in this
state, they ore set upon by gangs of armed ruffians,
shows that a feeling of revenge and deep hatred obtains
against us; and the frequency of the murders would
prove that a regular system of assassination has been
organized ; the wire-workers, very likely some of the
priests and lending men.
“One great reason lor this is the almost insignificant
, force under Gen. Scott. True, he has had enough to
, achieve victories and capture the city of Mexico, anil
i for this reason, many may think that he has sufficient
! men. But such is not the case. The very smallness
i of our army is more degrading to the pride of the Mex
i icans than any defeat that has befallen them. Had an
army respectable in numbers, compared with theenter
i prise undertaken and accomplished, entered the valley
of Mexico, the smartings of discomfiture would have
been alleviated by the evidence that they had not been
beaten so shamefully by a body of men so inferior in
numbers to their own grand army. Nor will they think
of peace until forced to it by an army so large that there
will, at least, be some merit in succumbing in the eyes
of the world. Rigorous measures, too, must be adopt
ed, lor any one who runs may read that if iFie quasi war
heretofore carried on is continued, it will be prolonged
until the causes which brought it on are forgotten.”
The Fr sidenl a.. J Air. Wise.
The Washington (Jni t Wednesday says :—Hen
ry A. Wise, Esq., late Minister to Brazil, arrived yes
terd; yin this city. We are happy to state that he is in
fine health and spirits, lie waited upon the President
to-day, With whom he had a long nnd most agreeable
intei view. Subsequently he had an ini rview ol nearly
two hours with the & cretin yof State. Mr. Wise’s
family has gone on to Philadelphia.
State Agricultural Pair.
The following committees ore appointed for award
ing the Premiums, and for other purposes :
Committee on Staple Products—Richd Rowell, Har
per Tucker, Wm. A. Jarratt.
Committee on Stock—A. H. Kenan, S. P. Myrick,
N- Hawkins.
Committee on best Treatise for making manure, of
Georgia materials—T. Fort, 1. L. Harris, Daniel R.
Tucker.
Committee on best tieatise for planting and tilling !
Cotton—A. Jarrett, Sam. Buffington, Jr., James Dick
son.
Committee for best treatise on planting and cultivat
ing Com—S. Gruntiand, Benj. S. Jordan, H. V. John
son.
ladies’ department.
Committee for making the awards to the manufac
tures of the Ladies—Green H. Jordan, John H. brown,
George Murph.
Committee ; on Manufactures and Agricultural Im
provements—John S. Thomas, O. ii. F. Bonner
George D. Case.
Committee Jot Arrangements, whose duty it will be to
select and have prepared a suitable site for the exhibi
tion of the Fair, &c. &c. M. J. Kenan, R. H. Ram
say, Win. H. Scott.
Committee to confer with the othorities of the State
Association, to secure the services of a suitable orator
on the occasion—M. Grieve, Dr. John R. Coiling, Rev-
S. K. Talinage.
Persons competing for the premiums on Treatises, are
requested to hand their productions to the first named
Committee man m the respective departments, for which
they contend, at least eight days previous to the Fair,
that the Committees may have time to bestow that at
tention upon them it is believed their importance will
merit, and that they may be prepared to report at the
time the other awards are made.
A W REDDING.
R M.ORME,
M GRIEVE,
I L. HARRIS,
Committee ofAArrangemen t,
Gen. Flores.
This distinguished personage late President of the
republic of Equador with Ins Aid-de-Caiup and Secre
tory left New York on the *JOth in the Steamer Guodnl
quiver lor Havana. Thence he. will proceed to Vene
zuela, where a strong party of his friends w ill join him in
another ellbrt to reinstate himself in power. The New
York Herald oj the 21{ ftayx :
“Those who are acquainted with General Flores,
speak of him as a man of great talent and energy.”
Scott’s Demeanor in llattle.
A corresjiondent of the N. O. Delta thus writes o 1
Gen. Scott’s demeanor in battle.
Gen. Scott, at the head of our nmiy, during the en
gage ment received a slight wound in the leg, and what
is remarkable no person whatever except himself was
aware of it until after the battle was over. A great deal
has been said and written in reference totheability
Gen. Scott as a military man, but those who have seen
him in command and under fire, can only fonn a
just concept ion of his abilities. His cool consideration
of everything around him—his quick perception
—his firm resolve and immediate execution—-equal if
they do not surpass those ot any of the great genera la
wh'*c deeds have been made so conspicuoe in histo
| ry.
Wlint Next t
The Kennebec Journo! says: “We saw at Hallowed,
a lew days since, a machine, invented by Mr George
■ Pollard of that town, lor picking oakum. He picks, fit
tor use, Sr) lbs in 30 minutes; while by the process ©f
hand picking some 7ot 3 tbs. is s day’s work. The
machine may be woikedby hand, hoi se, water or steam
|Kwer.
Onwsrd is tiie mnrcli of improvement. The infirm
paupers in the alms-houses may henceforward told their
arms, and exclaim ill quiet resignation, “Our occupa
tions gone !”
Col. Jefferson Davis’ Loiter.
The Baltimore American, very justly remarks that
the following letter from the gallant Col. Davis, ot
Miss <ippi, bear* eloquent testimony to the great and
manly pianties o! Gen. Taylor. It will he seen that
the impression mode by Gen TAVtAiKsdinracter upon
those that know him liest is derived from the sterling
nature of the man, os recognized not only in his capa
city as a commander, hut as especially seen in the or
dinary utlairs ot private life and intercourse. There
have been uud are now many distinguished personages
who look best at a distance, while a more intimate ob
servation discloses weaknesses which detract from the
symmetry of the character and impair ita efficiency.
The actors look well on the stage, lait they dress lor
the occasion and play tor effect.—The letter ot Col.
Davis describes a character worthy of the inspection it
invitee—a character with nothing sham about it, but
tub o! kind, generous and noble qualitu*
Brjeri old, ( Miss ) i
Bepiciiibor iMth, lbl7 >
C. G. Forshf.y, Esq ,oJ Com. of Invitation :
Deai SUr /—When 1 received the fetter of yotir com
mittee, inviting me on behalf of the cuiaens of Concor
dia, to a barbei'i:s to be given on the 30th inst. ns o
compliment to the character and gallant services of
Gen. Z. Taylor, 1 hoped it would have been in my
power to meet you on an occasion to me so interesting
and grate lul to the warm personal attachment I teel lor
the patroit hero whom you propose to honor. Valua
ble an I brilliant as have been the public services oi
Gen. Taylor, attracting the admiration and gratitude
of his countrymen throughout our broad Union, those
who have known him best will equally remember and
honor him for the purity, the generosity and unostenta
tious magnanimity of his private character, llis colos
sal greatness is presented in the garb of the strictest re
publican simplicity ; and to this, no doubt, in a great
degree, may be referred the feeling you describe when
you say, “we are learning to regard him with a filial
ufK ction.”
To speak of Gen. Taylor as one who has known
him long and well, I will say, that his life has been de
voted to the service of hiscountry so rno other reward than
the consciousness of serving it well—nnd that for many
years past, the goal of his desire has been a private sta
tion, as soon as his official obligation would permit, to
retire to the enjoyment of the sovereignty of a citizen of
the United States.
Before closing I will recur to a recent and character
istic exhibition of his disinterested pat rot ism. He was
called on by the administration for his opinion as to the
best mode of prosecuting the war with Mexico. In
view of the embarrassment which surrounded Gen.
Scott, and the importance of the operations in which
he was engaged, Gen. Taylor recommended that u
portion ot his own command be sent to reinforce the
Southern column. For the good of his country, he
sacrified his long deferred hope of an advance at the
moment of its fulfilment, and doomed himself to the
worst punishment of a soldier—inactivity on u line ot
detence. For the good of his country nil personal am
bition, all rivalry were forgotton—he gave his vest also
to the man who had taken his coat, and left him expos
ed to the storms of Buena Vista.
Permit me to offer you for the occasion :
Gen. Taylor —The soldier who “never surrenders
the citizen whose love is “lor the country, the whole
country the man whose sacrifices are all of himself.
Accept for yourselves, gentlemen of the committee*
and please tender to those whom you represent assur
ances of my high esteem nnd the regret which 1 feel at
not being able to meet you as invited.
Very respectfully, yours,
JEFFERSON DAVIS.
Letter ot General Taylor to the Honorable
Joseph R. Ingersol.
“The Editor of the N. Y. Courier and Enquirier
says: We have hoped for some time past, to obtain a
copy of the aboye letter ; but we have been disappointed.
The general tenor and substance, however, we are per
mitted to impart to our readers.
The Letter is dated the 3d of August. 1847, nt the
Head Quarters of the Army of Occupation in Mexico.
It commences by stating that he (Gen. Taylor) is
“a Whig, not an ultra partisan Whig, but a decided
Whig that no one could have observed the debate
in the Congress of the last session on the attempt to
censure him for the capitulation ot Monterey, conduct
ed mainly hi “parly grounds,” and doubt “the com
plexion of his ” (my) “ politics ” That he has held n
commission iu the army of the United States for foity
years,—this commission being one of the last issued by-
Mr. Jefferson ; that in the last Presidential election he
advocated the election of Mr. Clay, believing that he
and h a friends, u assimilated’ more to the principles of
Mr. J if.Mson than their “opponents.”
Gen. Taylor proceeds then to define his present po
sition, —that he does not thmk himself qualified for the
Presidency ; that he would willingly postpone his name
to secure the election of Mr. Clay or any of the distin
guished men of the same school now presented to the
public. If, however, the people of the United States
shall spontaneously elect him, he shall feel himself bound
to serve ; but that he will not accept of a party nomi
nation “exclusively.” That if he should be elected he
will go into office unpledged to any particular course ,
that he was determined to carry cut the intention of the
framers of the constitution, of whom two (referring to
Washington and Madison,) were among the early
Presidents of the country, and that he is determined in
such case to be the President of the “nation,” and not
of a “parly .”
This letter is, we understand, the most full nnd satis
factory exposition of Gen. Taylor’s views, yet given by
him. Mr. Ingersoll will not consent to its publication,
because it is an answer to a letter forged by some in
dividual and purporting to have been written by Mr
Ingersoll, when no such letter was ever written by him
We think Mr. Ingersoll right in the position he has
taken : but we hope he will take the proper measures to
relieve himself from this difficulty, and obtain the con
sent of Gen. Taylor to lay this interesting document
before the public.
Taylor Meetings.
A meeting of the friends of Gen. Taylor, with
out distinction of party, was held at Nashville Tenne
see on the 9th, inst. It was very numerously atten
ded by persons from all portions of the state. The
Mayor of Nashville presided and addresses were de
livered by Judge Turner and the Hon. Bailie Peyton
The preamble attached to the resolutions which wen
passed is too long for publication entire. After review
ing ably the condition and prospects of the country it
thus concludes: m
” Under all the circumstances of the country at this
time, in view of the past as well as the future, and more
especially in view ot the deeply exciting and moment
ous questions which are likely to arise out of our pres
ent relations with Mexico, it may be regarded as pecu
liarly fortunate that there exists a man in whom the
whole country—every section and all parties—may safe
ly confide the administration ot the executive depart
ment of the government after the expiration of the term
of the present incumbent—a man who, although he may
have impressions and opinions on every question, of
interest which has attracted public attention, is pledged
to no party upon the points upon which the most serious
differences may lie expected to present themselves in
the conduct of public affairs—a man whose career has
been marked with a singular discretion, firmness, judg
ment and devotion to his country—a man against whom
there exists no prejudice or hostility arising out of past
party conflicts, among the great body of the people, and
who at the same time, enjoys their undivided esteem
and admiration. Such a man is Gen. Zachary Tay
lor. The question of his candidacy can no longer be
regarded ns open and doubtful. The people in almost
every State and section of the Union have, in their pri
mary and spontaneous meetings declared their confi
dence in and determination to support him ; and whether
he shall receive the nomination of a national conven
tion or not, he will be supported by the people. There
fore.
Re noire and. That this meeting cordially concurs in the
nominations of Gen Zachary Taylor for the Presiden
cy which have, heretofore, been made in public assem
bles of the people in this and other States of the Union.
Revolted, That we have entire confidence in the
ability and discretion of Gen. Taylor to administer the
executive department of the government skilliily and
sitceesfully, and that he will do ao, if elected, upon truly
republican principles.
Remitted, That we recootmnend to the friends of Gen.
Taylor, in every county of this State and in every
State of the Union, to put him in nominatidn, without
waiting the e* lt ofparty conventions, and to take the
proper step* for the •election of un electoral ticket in
each State.
In Kentucky a day has been already designated for
the sitting of a State Convention to nominate an elec
toral ticket for the State. At the recent meeting in
Bou bon county the following resolutions were adopt
ed :
” Remitted, Hint we the citizens of IV orbon county
assembled, recommend Gen. Ztchnry Taylor as a suit
able person for our next President.
Remitted, That we reconciled to those of other c< un
ties who will unite with u. tint they end delegates to
Frankfort on the 21 1 of February next, for the purpose
of selecting electors lor President mid Vice President,
and that Richard Hawes, George \V Williams, W. W.
Alexnnd'*r, Nathaniel I* Rogers, and Hubbard Taylor.
Sr., Ik* the delegates for Bourbon county, to meet at the
time* and pluce desjguutcd, or such other time and pisce
os may be fixed.”
Adjournment of the Epfocopiil <’mention.
The New York Herald of the Ist inst. says:—."The
Protestant Episoopd I’onvention, contrary to the ex
pectation of evsry one, as much as to that of the mem-
tine die last evening, after a short ace
•ion of two days. Before the waters became troubled,
or the passions or prejudices of the nv Hillers got excit
ed, a senes oi resolutions were introduced by the Rev
Mr. Forbes, virtually leaving to the general eonven*
uon, which will shortly meet, the case nftk
*<l B>l*p. t*r Una! ailjuifimlun. Under nil tu*’™’ “T>a
‘“•nef. tliii wrm the best action lU-y cuu |j * r ""-
in tlie matter, and we congratulate the ? t * l eo
happy turn which matters took.'’ u:i Us
C VTEIi ruo.ll EUROPE.
Orcnt Decline in Cotton.
The Cainbrjn arrive:! at Boston, on the i ...
Liverpool dates to the sth ult. The *■ lh *illl
intelligence is oi a most diiheartning elm rj."."’'"'' l " l
money market was still sadly depressed awl 1 ’ l ‘ e
failures continued to occur dully m n |) _ IU , s 'y
Kingdom. The pecuniary revulsion in Ene-l-. 1 ? 01 ***
greater and more alarming than that
1837. The Baltimore Sun of the doth, ollu . t " u,ltr y in
stateol tilings abroad lemaika; “The down*
and nicy ol the markets, in both cotton and I?") len ‘
and the frightful depression and calamities of Z""®.
etnry and commercial interests of England nr *
culated to appeal us here, tor a moment, and m*' 11 " 11 ’
apprehension with regard to the effect ol <l . uick(
The grain and provision markets had been j ‘
but constantly declining. The fall m Cuu
more disastrous. A Liverpool circular of ‘* llll
following: -h has
The prices of cotton since our Inst advice,
he seen, have seriously receded, a circuni*,J “T®
putnhly result ng from the aggravated coodnT,!? ?
money market, and the consequent impossible J’ le
rarest instances, ol obtaining accomnuidutu™
universal panic which has sensed upon manui! Th ”
and Hie total destruction of every thing like
efforts in the lower qualities particularly, , he f/? a ”' e
more severely fell. Operations since the airiviuT *
Caledotua have been of the most burned
hu es for the week endmg the Ist mstam, wera
-1,000 bales, of Which only 800 were on sue I i*"”
since then the sales have been about 3,u00 bXs^ U °“ 1
On the 3d instant, 3,000 bales were disposed of all,
consumers, speculation being emirel„„ , .
the demand being to ,1* I “' i
The following are the quotation., ,| lowi
ol t of a penny, or a cent and a half, 81nce
ces: “New Orleans ordinary to middling SJ. „ 51,1.,
to good 6|d.a fid ; good to fine 7*d. a Btd y'f*
ordinary to middling 5.1. a 5*1.; fair g,md 6jd .
good to fair fiid. Alabama and Tennessee ordinal,
middling sd. a sfd.; fair to good fair 5| | . a
Georgia ordinary , 0 middling SJ. a 5d.; fair toJj
fair bid. a 81.; good to fair 6d. a 6td. Sea Wand?
dmary to middling 9d. a 10*d.; fair to good fair lm
n lid.; good to lair 15d. a 18d.; damaged range,fa,
Purchase of Indian Territory.
The Picayune learns from the MHuxtukie IKaio,.
fin that “Gen. Isaac A. Verplanck, who has recentlv
been appointed hy the President a me,*,
conclude a treaty with the Chippcw is of the AJ -
pi. has been entirely successful in the object ot ham*
81011, and hss lurmed treaties, subject ot course i„ *
tanficution of the Senate. w,th the Uapp.-Was .add*
I illager Indians in the new Territory of Minesou-
The following are the boundaries of the lands which
have been ceded to the United States by these two In.
ilian tribes:”
1 lie first treaty was concluded at Fond-c/u-Lac
at Lake Su|>erior, on the 2d August. 1641, wdi ifo
Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Mississippi. The
land purchased is bounded on the east hy the Miasisis
ippi river, on the north by the Crow W.ng and Long
Frame rivers, on the west by the boundary line between
the Sioux and Chippewas, and on the south by the Wa
tab river. This land is to be the future home o! the
Winnebagoes.
“The second treaty was concluded at Leech Lake,
on the 21st August, with the Pillager Indians. Th*
purchase is adjoining the tract purchased oftheChipp.
was, and lying between Long Prairie and Leal fiver-
Geu. Taylor’s Letter.
The National Intelligencer, of Tuesday, publishes
the following letter from Gen. Taylor, at the request of
the gentleman to whom it was addressed:
Headquarters Army of Occupation.
Camp near Monterey, August 10, 1847.
Siß—Your letter of the 17th ultimo, requesting of me
an exposition of my views on the questions of nations
Policy now at issue between the political parties of the
United States, has duly reached me.
1 must take occasion to say that many of my letters,
addressed to gentlemen in the United States in answer
to similar inquiries, have already been made public and
1 had greatly hoped that all persons interested had, by
this time, obtained from them a sufficiently accurate
knowledge of my views aud desires in relation to tin
sulnecr As it appears, however, that such is not the
case, I deem it proper,in reply to your letter, distinctly
to repeat that l am not before the people of the United
States as a candidate for the next Presidency. Its
my great desire to return, at the close of this tear, to the
discharge of those professional duties and to the enjoy
ment of those domestic pursuits from which I was call
ed at its commencement, and for which my tastes and
education best fit me.
I deem it but due to candor to state, at the same time,
that it I were called to the Presidential Chair by tln
general voice of the people, icithout regard to tkevr
political differences, 1 should deem it to be my
duty to accept tiie office. But while j freely avowl
my attachment to the administrative policy of our early
Presidents, 1 desire it to be understood that I cannot
submit, even in thus accepting it, to the exaction of auy
other pledge os to the course I should pursue than dial
of discharging its functions to the beat ofmy abiuty.aud
strictly in accordance with the requirements of the con
stitution.
I have thus given you the circumstances under which
only can I be induced to accept the high and reasona
ble office of President of the United States. lured
hardly add that lcannot many rase permit mysrllU
be brought before the people exclusively oy any of the
political parties that tunc so unfortunately divide our
country, ns their candidate for tins office.
it affords me great pleasure, in conclusion, fully to
concur with you in your high and just estimate ol tie
virtues, both of head and heart,of the distinguish? j cit
izens [Messrs Clay, Webster’ Adams, McDcffibuJ
CalHuUnJ mentioned in your letter. I have never tP
erased the pnviledge of voting; but if J had ucencall
ed at the last Piesidential election to do so, I timid
most certainly have cast my votejor Mr. Clay.
I am sir, very’ respccifuly,
Your obedient servant,
Z TAYLOR,
Major Gen. U. S. Aiuiy.
linporiitir Invention.
Wc learn from the Hagerstown Torchlight, that Mr. gj
Samuel lientz, ot Boonsboiough, Md , husdiicovrudl g|
prK*esH, which is now being patented, & which, it is l|
scried.completely reiiiovcsnii bran and extra neuuiMl - g|
tertrum the wheut m its natural state, fearing ra|
nothing but pure ungrounJ dour, and effecting* rag
or gam of at least one-tenth. The editor adds— II
The outer coating of the gram is < o.npleuly reinuwh Eg
and instead of sixty-one pounds of of offal, (or vat luwi- |j|
| el of wheat to the barrel) the offal under this 11
| will not exceed from seven to t*-lv<- pounds; anJvMj G|
troiu to si) percent, ot time is su v *.*d in ti* g' lo *’ H|
itig, the varieties of wheat tie impiovcd from n|
til tee n per cent, producing the very best hot tlattU |j|
flour known in the world. These results havebrrn w* &|
rived at by actual experiment, and the public cn thus |||
see, at a glance the immense importance of |j|
provcineut. The cultivation of mifoont of sdditio i
ucres, could not benefit tin* world more than ifo'ran, ’
uud un w- are told, truly simple invention. VNr h**
specimen of the unbraned wheut, which wc will ® 6
pleasure in showing to anyone who may wisbfe**
ine it. A specimen wus prepared for the N * ’
which bus elicited the following higniy couiplt®# nll ”
letter: .
N. Y. State Auriculti ral Socnrrv,t
Ai.many, beptemhSff I*’* 7 ’
S. Ukntz :—Y our letter dosing samples ol wheat, h c
with your notice as to the improvement, was receiy
too late to h* passed upon by the Judges at the /•
hut has been carefully xm mined by the Executive
mittee, mid they are impressed with its ureal
the wheat glowing districts of our Htatc. W* a,e
■irous of ssoi*riainißg the process by which it * 8
phshed, the expense attending it uud whether it
done fast enough, so as to supply a run of
grinding. We have swarded you a diploma* w
is herewith enclosed. 1 should be plessed to **
send me by express a larger sample of wiiest a
of bran—ssy t quarts. Wc are detnous to MCf
all wc can in relation to it, os we deem it very
ant. 1 am, respectfully youis,
B P. JOHNSON,
Hec’ry. N. Y. Agfkdraral
%gT Patrons will please hand 111 their AdveitjJ
ment* on Monday afternoon, or eaily juesuay
nlng.