Newspaper Page Text
Journal & fjlcssnigri'-
jrKNOWLETaad S. BOSE,
EDITORS AND PttOCRGfTONS. __
from the ?rjinh RepnWiean.
*2iL!Lw *♦ TariA Hdlhf Agrlcul-
SSS.I .r*re.ta.
I obtvrvtr in a la*** iswic ot jour paper, Mr. Efft
to: -otite remark* of your* on the proimscd new
Tariff law, aoi !>oroe coiunieotj by die Editor ot
rhe Const ituriousl tab To the latter I mu-’ -tv :
•* and thou Brutus I” The editor is, himself, if 1
mistake not, a cotton planter, aud his landa—i
spaak from slight knowledge of them—will starve
hint if they are starred by this proposed tariff, as
they most likely will be, if the bill in question be
come* ala ff. Besides, the agricultural interests
has peculiar claims to protection from the source
In question, as through an agricultural print, if 1
mistake not, be lias sought to make hiiuselt their
friend ami monitor.
I wae therefore somewhat surprised, Mr. Editor,
that the Constitutionalist, in its kindl* strictures
upon the bill, (an J we love to treat so ail that c
from our new government; in fart I hive bee®
struck with the apparent determination every
where. and by everybody to U* fr,,h
whatever our new government does, whn h i
in tile main as it should Ik-, ) doe* not allude to the
very grave error, as I think, of placin g fertilisers
in the list of dutiable articles. The (. oustitutioQ
aiist sees reasons, doubtlo** good ones, for remov
ing various articles from schedule A to sebedul*
B, and the reverse, aud the saute in other ached
uie, but ay* not a word about removing fertilizers
jrom schedule E, where they stand in subjugation
with diamonds, cameos. rubies, Ac., as it to add
injury to the ime bat, where they are, under the
tariff law o torce borrowed lor present use in the
main from the old government. While we eschew
it* many faults, let ns hold on to what little virtue
and *isdum the old government possessed, and
tnia I count among its wise acta—the free impor
tation of irrtiliierjj&ml ita encouragement of ag
r.culture in I doubt, however, il
uy nation on
(.oses duties ufor adding feriili y to
the soil, and and wealth 01
Me country.
Any other policy i* certainly abort-sighted, and
“killing the goo.se that lays the gotdeu egg.”
Agriculture is at the foundation of all industry
and wealth ; take care of it and it will take care ot
you, but attack it iu its very foundation, as is pro
posed iii this hill, before the young phut has seer
the light, a tax upon that which is to give it life j
and vigor, and to fill the round bolls with cotton, i
*s certainly ** the nnkiudest cut of allit is even !
an impeachment of the good faith of the govern ‘
ment, when it proposes to borrow money lor the
•'ouunon defence, and guarantee the repayment by |
an export duty of one-eghth of a cent per pouno ,
on cotton. Tho capitalists might say : You pro-.
p>ae to secure this debt by an export duty on.cot-1
ton, but may I not justly suspect that you intend’
to discourage the production of this as far as pos- i
aible ? It so appears when I look at the tariff bill
lately reported to your Congress.
True, King Cotton is not easily di-couraged O’
to b<* killed off; if so he would not long survive
the medicine he has been forced to swallow ol |
late; but be don’t appear to miud it, although in*
aees his sister Sugar is to be treated to the nicest
sort of a plum—a twenty per cent, one, while his
is a one eighth of a cent per pound plum —oeer
the Itft. lie is glad to see all his sisters and
brothers prosper—not only sugar, but rie*, tobac
.*o, lumber, and naval stores. I met the old fel
low, in a sort of a brown study, the other day,
■ijid suspected his old white head was occupied in
• odeavormg to come to a satisfactory solution of
the rat.er difficult problem : \\ hv it was, after al .
that sugar, and the rest, were uot required to car
ry any of the burden, and the first not only carry
ing no load, hut helped on the way besides f ‘ l
don’t thiuk be settled the |>oint to his mind, bm
biin he did not raise the fauitest sort of a murmur, j
and, like the rest ol ua, is determined to be satis |
tied, it po.-aible. I was quite unable to afford him
any light on the subject of his cogitations, if tliev
were what I supposed, lor I don't uudersaaud the’
matter myself altogether, but will imitate his good
example and forego even the luxury of grumbling,
<n that point. But it this uew bill becomes a law,
1 think you will hear from him, at least you shall
-se hts while locks disheveled and torn iu such a
fit n( rage as be baa never yet allowed to disturb
him.
lie carries the stump of a pencil iu bis pocke*.
.aid figures sometimes—a bad practice often, so
t.r as equanimity of miud is concerned. 1 noticed
some of his tiguriug on the gin-house door, the
orher day. I supposed be had been counting up,
to see if he would not make money to die and U*
buried at once, rather thau pav ao dear for living.
I transcribe ax follows .
“lax on jacket and rope to hold it on. 15 preu
“Tax oa exportation (of a cent per >., or to
cents per bale.
“ Tax ou .”
Here he l-tt a blank, as if expecting somethin?
else to fill the measure of Ids wrongs ; it is possible
he bad an inkling of this same doty on fertilizers.
farther down was the following, huished as I
give it with an exclamation point, evidently afford
ing some satisfaction.
“ dut T OD tu '^ e, * corn and bacon !”
.''till further on was written :
Sugar, rice, tobacco, lumber and naval stores
have nothing to pay; while the first has a particu
larly good time.”
1 wonder if the old fellow thinks of goin” io
planting sugar ! Sugar certainly has a gm>d time
ol it ; twenty per cent import duty, and nothing to
pny tor rhe lavor and protection it receives from
tue government. It is a very large interest, and
the profits of its cultivation only equaled by thot-e
ol rice, itself an important article ol export, while
those jot lumber and naval stores are reach! a” to
great magnitude. There is something a little
wrong here, but let it s—
is the Congress will let as have the means of
lertuity, we will pay the export duty without a
murmur, and call them very clever gentlemen •
Out, “you do take my life, when you do rak.* the
means whereby I live.”
Possibly the gentlemen from the West, the fer
tiie and virgin soil of the West, where gliano and
other concentrated manures arc not twed or re
quired, may favor this doty as adding something
to the receipts ol the treasury without any burden
upon their constituents, willing that the burden
-Lould fall, as it would, upon the Last; hut this
may be a wrong imputation, and I would not Ik*
• enaoriow. Again as to sugar and rice; these
commercial manure- *re not used iu the produc
tion of either; hence a duty on articles for man
ure must uot only fall on the East, but ou tne
cotton producing interest of the East, exrlwuvelv.
But as to the policy of such a duty, viewed as’a
means ol adding to the receipts at the public treas
ury, it must certainly produce the opposite effect •
lor by limiting production, which would be the
effect of this proposed duty, small as it is, it would
be nearly prohibitory. You diminish the imper
ial ion cff articles loan equal amount, paying a
much higher duty, hence if the use, duty free of
commercial ,nan " r “* pay the planter, it will
pay the government.
I hare arid the duty would be nearly prohibit
ory ; let us look at this position. The duty on a
ton of guano (Peravian) would be, at five per cent,
say three aud a half dollars. Our Central Rail
road, with Us extensions, tran-pons as much or
/ ore of these commercial manures than any other
work of internal improvement in the country—
c rtainly in tlie Confederacy. Last year, if 1 10
member, the amount of guano trail-ported w*
sixteen million pounds, to say nothing of other
articles lor like use, as >alt and plast* r. Some
seven years si mx, the freight on the road .*., if
I remember right, niue dollar.** per tou, and verv
little guauo was used, it was then reduced to five
dollars, with slightly increased consumption. At
Usr, by a wise aim bold stroke, the discerning
President of this company knocked the freight
down to two dolLis per ton, and iu two years the
CUusumpiton reached what I have stated above,
and is rapidly ou the increase.
No one who secs the iauneosc train- entering
the depot ot this company in Savannah, loaded
with cotton, or oWs-vc it accumulate there, tier
upon tier, more rapidly tliau it can be removed,
can doubt in* to whether the company receives a
ref urn tor its nominal freight on commercial ma
nmtM. W e deduce trom this two facts: that ihe
low freight pays the load indirectly better than
iho high direct charge ; and further, that a differ
ence of three dollars per ton Iu the freight ha
produced this result; and hence, that a dutv ot
five per ceut. ou guano, or three dollars and fifty
cent* per ton, would by the same reasoning bi
prohibitory. That the same result would follow
to the Treasury of the Government as to the Treas
ury of the Company, can hardly be questioned.
I hold that the Central Railroad Company, by
mat •ingle act, accomplished more for the cause
•t agncu.ture iu Georg-*. than all the agricultural
JTSSS State, have done or can do
al ft LkaS-- iu ,7' '"'""“"t"”
worthy and so demonstranre an exainide or if
they wiU, in defiance of all reason and .’m,
sod contrary to the practice of all
Un,, ,C. hilt ,*h. JSSS 1 *
duetion. W:U the, morale the ox that treada iu
thecora?
| agree with you, Mr. Editor, that il is fortunate
the tariff bill alluded to has not yet become a law
—that time is afforded for the people to consider
and discuss its provisions, and I avail myself of
what, if I remember tight, is a public invitation to
do so through the columns of the Republican ; and
I hope that roy brother planters will avail them
selves of the privilege also. I wa9 among the first
to introduce the use of concentrated fertilizers;
I have not used them extensively, but consider
toy-elf bound to rai.-e tuy voice in their defence.
Many members of Congress, a very large nuin
!>cr it I mistake no, are directly connected with
the agricultural interests; perhaps no body o
men ev*-r sat in any Congress so directly couuec j
ed with the interest of the soil; w< ’. l h . :
pect much and well from thU and
jects connected with It-nJ her a fostering I
of pro
... ° ,u e South to be h lawyer is gen
fcssioual men, “t tin *^“ l “ J
era (It to b.- • H,a Excellency, the Presi
(ient’ cultivate- his planution m Mississippi, and
SO loug and well we are told, under his person
;,l saporriakxi; the Uou. Secretary of State culti
vate.- his broad acres on the Chattahoochee, and
ti.c flou. President of the Congress “‘runs his par
allels” in Houston and Sumter counties iu this
.S'-ate. Gentlemen, when you visit your plantation
let agriculture be your pastime, your recreation,
aud no doubt your long public labors render it so,
when you can steal away from the cares ol State ;
but in your public stations, let its welfare in all
of its branches be a part of your study, a the
prosperity of nation- is in the main based upon it,
and that of our Confederacy exclusively so.
Auruoi.x.
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS
The late Convention apportioned the Congres
sional Districts as follows:
7ik-> J-irgt IHgtriet ehall be composed of the ‘
counties of Appling, Bryan, Bulloch, Chatham, t
Camden, Charlton, Clinch, Coffee, Effingham, !
Emanuel, Glynn, Liberty, Mclntosh, Montgomery, ,
Pierce, Scnvon, Telfair, Tatnall, Ware and Wayne, j
Tkt Second District shall be composed of the I
counties of Baker, Berrien, Brooks, Calhoun, Clay,:
Colquitt, Dooley, Decatur, Dougherty, Earlv, ■
Echols, Irwin, Lee, Lowndes, Mitchell, Miller, 1
Randolpn, Terrell, Thooia-, Wilcox, and Worth.
Tht lit ini District shall be composed of the j
comities of Chattahoochee, Harris, Muscogee, Ma
rion. Macou, Quitman, Btewart, Sumter, Scblev, ‘
Taylor, Talbot aud Webster.
The Fourth District shall be composed of the
counties of Jasper, Putnam, Jones, Baldwin.
Bibb. Crawford, Wilkinson, Twiggy, Houston,
Laurens, Pulaski.
The Fifth Dixtnet shall be composed of the
ooauties of Burke, Columbia, Glascock, Hancock,
Jefferson, John-on, Lincoln, Richmond, Warren,
Wilkes, Washington.
The Sixth District* hall composed of the coun
ties ot Clarke, Elbert, Eranklin, Greene, llart, j
, Madi-on, Morgan, Newton, Ogletnorpe, Taliaferro
j and Walton.
The Seeei-th District shall be composed of the
I counties of Butts, Clayton, Fayette, Henry, Meri
wether, Monroe, Pike, Spalding, Troup and Up-
SOT.
The Eighth District shall be composed of the
counties of Campbell, Carroll, Cobb, Coweta, De
■ Kalb, Fulton, flaral-on, Heard, Paulding and
Polk.
The XiHth District shall be composed of the
counties of Bank-, Cherokee, Dawson, Forsyth,
Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Jackson, Lumpkin,
Milton, Pickens, Rabun, Towns, Union and White.
The Tenth District shall be composed of the
counties of Casa, Catoosa, Chattooga, Dade, Fan
nin, Floyd, Gordon. Gilmer, Murray, Walker and
Whitfield.
Kroui tlie .1 jamal of Commerce.
JrA'ervou ou Secewsiou aud Coercion.
la a letter to Mr. Breckinridge, dated August |
12, ISoJ, relative to the aequi-tiou of Louisiana, |
Mr. Jefferson says:
“These federalists see in this acquisition the
formation of a nett confederacy, embracing all the j
waters of the Mississippi, on both sides of it, and!
a separation of its eastern w aters from us. These j
combinations de|K*ud ou so many circumstances
which we cannot foresee, that I place little reliance !
ou tbetn.
“We have cld m .-een neighborhood produce ■
affection among nations. The reverse is almost!
the universal truth.
“Besides, if it should become the great interest
of these nation* to separate from this—if their hap
pincse should depend on it so strongly as to induce
them to go through that convulsion , */7</ should
these Atlantic States dread it: but especially ,
tehy should ae their present inhabitants, take sides
in such a question f * * *
“The future inhabitants of the Atlautic and
Mississippi States will be our sons. We leave
them in distinct but bordeiing establishment.
lie think tee see their happiness iu their Union’
anti ice tee.-h it. Events may prove it otherwise,
and if they see their interest in separation, why
should tcc take sides with our Atlantic rather than
our Mississippi descendant* ;
“It is the elder brother aud the younger son
differing.
“(1 oil bless them both, and keep them in union if
it be for their good, but separate them if it be
better." —[Works of Jefferson, vol. 4, p. 49if 600.]
WHO COMPOSES OUR NATION.
Asa matter of importance, a# to this fact, we
copy the following article from the “ Philadelphia
Daily News:”
FOREIGN IMMIGRATION.
The constantly increasing tide of imigration to
our shores fiom loreigu countries is a matter which
excite* tar less of the attention of our statesmen
and legislators that in should do. While questions
of vastly inferior importance are made the occasion
of serious differences and conflicts, the subject of
the national defilement through unrestrained im- ■
migration is almost entirely ignored.
As things are now going on we shall soon cease
to be a* American nation. Neither shall we pos
sess the better characteiisiicß of any one foreign
country ; for the immigrants to our shores are from
diverse lands, while they are generally the lowest
specimens of humanity in their own nations. Al
ready these foreigners, of whom a Urge portion
are ignorant or unprincipled, in mart localities
hold the balance of political /tower. They are lie
coming aware of their strength, and are learning
how to employ it ro some purpose. Their num
bers are constantly increasing, and every day’s de
lay in placing proper restrictions upon imigration
or naturalization increases the diftieultyof so doing.
Ere long some parts of our country will be com
pletely under the control of these people, if they
are not so already. They already hold the balance
of power between political parties to an extent
which makes any of the highly important changes
ia respect to naturalization and immigrations very
difficult. Still there is yet time to check this in
creasing danger, and to preserve our institutions
from ultimate destruction ; but no time should be
lost.
To show the extent of this foreign immigration,
we give some facts irom the statements recently
issued by the State Department. During the year
ending December 31, 1860, the number of foreign
immigrants to our shores was 179,169. Os this
number 13,Util were natives of England; 48,687
of Ireland; 50.746 of Germany, Ac. The following
table gives the numbers that have arrived for each
year since 1850 :
Year*. Male-. i'eraule*. Bex not nutted. Tutsi
1351, 2i5,ft'.7 l&!,7+& ce 406,828
18*2, 233,731 16*1,174 14/3 X97tß
1351, 284.782 161,173 7/ 4*10,1*-/
t‘st, 254,5'7 175.557
14*,tSl 1*0,2-! 12 230,470
1356, 1K5.508 89,1 SS
1367, 16/568 10.4,0/0
l- *s. M 1,648 74,7* 4 4*lt* 144 *5/ I
1869,
18#**, 108,364* 70,833 86 179,46*1 j
Itie total number of arrivals since 1843 is 4,386,-
411. This is a population greater than that of the
whole thirteen Colonies at the time of the Revolu
tion. These are facts which ought immediately to
command the earnest attention of ul! patriots, and
especially of all our law makers.
r < liiiliorrt Iran fr# or l>iw Heir*,
VaU*OSTA, Lo'VMB CoI.VIY, GEORGIA *
March 18th, 1861. )
Eds. Mitili l or charity’s sake will you through
vour pa/tcr inform Cluborn Crawford, formeily ol
Moreau county. Georgia, or his heirs, that by ad
dressing the subscriber at the above place, they
may hear something to their advantage.
Respectfully yours, Ac.,
WILLIAM 15MITH.
P. f s .—Other papers in the State please copy.
Xkr Virginia Contention.
A scene of a good deal of excitement and con
fusion occurred in the Virginia Convention during
the evening session ou Tuesday. Mr. Hall, of
Wetzel, had offered the Constitution of the Con
federated States as a substitute for the report ol
the Committee ou Federal Relations. The majori
ty accepted the opportunity to make a teat rote on
the proposition, and the minority (the Secession
ists.) vainly sought to withdraw it. A vote, after
considerable parliamentary filibustering, was forced,
and the proposition substituting the Constitution
was rejected, ayes 78, nay? none.
The right man in the right place—a husband at
borne in th® evening
Important Commercial ft tt l 1 I****--
, The Hon. C. G. Memminger, Secretary of the
j Treasury of the Confederate State’ h . n f, tr '^' (JCtion
important circular in relat.on to ‘ and Qn
j Of g>ods, wares and The fob
I | nla . nd ro "| te ®’ ®“ d r %uUtion.s among others, are
,0 They are generally im
to be ng y tQ merc hants and business men
’ rX/o travellers. On railroad lines there are
to be organized revenue establishments, to be
know n a- “Revenue Stations,” located near to the
’ frontier of the Confederate States. At each sta
tion will bean officer of the customs, known ns
a “revenue guard,” whese duties shall be of a su
pervisory nature over all merchandize introduced.
I’hen* will also he established “revenue depots,”
each having a chief officer, with all the powers of
collectors ot customs over importations bv sea at
‘por sos entry.
Ac*ifin on arrival at Revenue Stations.
Immediately on the arrival of any railroad car
riage or train from any foreign Territory contig
uous to the Confederate States, at anv of the rev
enue station-, the conductor or other person in
charge shall be. required to produce to the revenue
guard at the first station a manifest in triplicate
ot all the goods, wares ot merchandize brought
into the Confederate States on board such railway
carriage or train. And it is made the duty of the
revenue guard at the revenue station, to hoard all
railway trains arriving at said station from said
foreign territory at all hours of the day and night,
to receive the manifest, and on ita presentation,
to sec that the goods described therein are placed
in separate cars from those in which mails or pas
sengers are conveyed, and to place on each of said
freight cats revenue locks of the Confederate
States of America. The original manifest., prop
erly certified, -hall he returned to the conductor,
and a duplicate forwarded under seal to the rev
enue officer at the first revenue <l**pot to which
the cars are destined, and bv the shortest route.
Action on arrival at Revenue Depots.
On the arrival of the tailway train or cars at the
first revenue depot, w ithin the limits of the Con
federate States, the conductor shall deliver to
the chief revenue officer residing thereat, the
original manifest presented to and endorsed with
the certificate of the revenue guard at the station
aforesaid, and also to deliver lo the said chief
revenue officer all the merchandize described in
aaid manifest, by either leaving at said depot all
the locked cats containing the same, or depositing
said goods in a warehouse of deposit at said de •
pot, to be provided for that purpose under the
regulations now governing bonded warehouses, or
a- ntay he otherwise provided. On -itch delivery
being made und an examination being instituted
of the train by said revenue officer, he -hall, if sat
isfied that all tho merchandize has been delivered,
furnish to the conductor or other person in charge
of the train a permit to proceed to a further des
tination.
I‘ussrngtr baggage.
Tiie baggage of all pas-engors passing over the
railroad routes, on arrival at the revenue stations
or depots, -ball be subject to the inspections and
examinations of cither the revenue officer at such
revenue Vpoia, and any baggage that may be
intended to he landed at place- between the rev
enue stations and first revenue depots may be
examined by the revenue guard, and if contain
ing no article subject to duty, shall be landed at
the intermediate place named by having a permit,
signpd by the said revenue guard, pasted perma
nently on the trunk, valise, carpet bag, or other
envelope of such baggage.
Luggage containing dutiable merchandize.
Should, however, dutiable articles be found in
such baggage, the trunk or other package contain
ing the same must he placed in the car with the
merchandize, and under the revenue lock as be
fore required, and the fact noticed in the mani
fest. Aud such baggage shall he delivered, with
the other merchandise, to the chief revenue offi
cer at. the revenue depot, under the foregoing
regulations.
Disposition of baggage at Revenue Depots.
Passenger baggage, destined for places beyond
or more interior than the revenue depot, must be
examined by the chief revenue officer at said rev
enue depot, and, if they are found not to contain
any merchandize subject to duty, may pass to
[ their destination, by having a permit, signed by
the chief revenue officer, pasted thereon. Should,
however, such baggage eontaiu dutiable merchan
dize, the trunks or other package in which said
baggage is contained shall be deposited at said
revenue depot.
(Jther regulations.
The circular sets forth at length ntanv other
regulation-, including the “Disposition of Mer
chandize,” “Free Good-,” “Disposition of Goods
on arrival at Destinations, etc., etc.
Officer* of the Treasury Department of
the < ofederate State*.
The following is a list of the officers of the
Treasury Department of the Confederate States:
C. G. Memminger, Secretary of Treasury, S. C.
P. M. Clayton, Ass. Secretary of Treasury, Ga.
H. D. Capers, Chief Clerk, South Carolina.
LewUCruger, Comptroller, South Carolina.
1 Chief Clerk, .
A. B. Clitherell, Register, Alabama.
C. G. Jones, Chief Clerk, Washington, D. C.
Bolin Baker, Ist Auditor, Florida.
W. W. Lester, Chief Clerk, Mi-.-.
W. A. S. Taylor, 2d Auditor, Louisiana.
—•— , Chief Clerk, .
Ed. C. Elmore, Treasurer, Alabama.
T. T. Green, Chief Clerk, Alabama,
j J. A. Crawford, Clerk, Georgia.
J. W. Robertson, Clerk, Florida.
J. K. Pophain, Clerk, Virginia.
N. L. Furgerson, Clerk, Alabama.
Henry Spar nick, Clerk, South Carolina.
J. C. Ball, Clerk, Alabama.
S. G. Janti-on, Clerk, South Carolina.
H. Kennerworth, Clerk, Mississippi.
M. F. Go van, Clerk, Alabama.
J. W. Anderson, CWk, Alabama.
Thomas Taylor, Clerk, Alabama.
MKSSENGKfiS.
Daniel Frazer, Alabama.
C. A. Cleveland, Georgia.
Wm. Crenshaw, Alabama.
W. L Cordin, Virginia.
E. H. Olcotf, Alabama. [Mont. Adv.
Goon* Dctt Fref.— The St. Louis Republican
of the 23d says : “Every day our importers of for
eign merchandise are receiving, by way of New
Orleans, very considerable quantities of goods
duty free. The goods are landed at the port of
New Orleans—no custom notice i taken of them
—no bonds are executed for the payment of du
ties on their arrival there ; and ou many arti
cles the saviDg of one-half the duty, only, would
afford a handsome profit. If this thing is to be
come permanent, there will be an entire revo
lution in the course of trade, and new York will
suffer terribly. Our merchants have capital
enough to justify them in making their purchases
in Europe, and shipping to New Orleans, and in
that city, because of the difference in the tariff,
goods can be bought cheaper than in New York.
With these advantages, we shall be able to sell
cheaper than any other city in the valley of the
Mississippi.”
Foreign Policy of the Administration. —The
Washington correspondent of the Baltimore
erican saj h :
Mr. Corwin is said to have agreed to accept the
mission to Mexico. The policy of the administra
tion has partially leaked owt through the arguments
brought to bear upon Mr. Corwin to induce him
to accept the position tendered him by Mr. Lincoln.
I It appear? that our new ministers to England,
; France and Spaiu will be instructed to negotiate
treaties with those powers guaranteeing to Mexico
lu;r present government, and protection against
Southern filibusters—and also protecting Spain in
the pcscssiou of Cuba, upon conditou that these
powers will agree not to recognize the indepen
dence of the Confederate States until it shall have
been recognized by tho Government here. In the
meantime it is claimed to bo important for Mr.
Corwin to be in Mexico to second his policy, and
checkmate the Southern States until it can be car
ried into effect.
The foreign policy of the Administration with
regard to the Confederate States, as recently de
veloped, was commuuicalcd to the Southern Com
missioners to day by some friendly Senators, and
they express a confident belief that it will fail.—
They say that our government has been fore-tailed
iu Mexico, and will have no chance of success In
Europe.
Worth Knowing. —As “fly time” is nearly up*
ou tie, we may remind our readers that it is said
that if three or four onions are boiled in a pint of
wrater, and tbe liquid is brushed over glasses or
frames the fly will not light on the article washed.
This may be used without apprehension, as it will
not do the least injury to the frame#.
Ct’ re for Drunkenness.— lt is settled that
drunkenness is a physical as well as a moral dis
ease, and it is now so treated. The following is
the receipt of John Vine Hall, the father of the
commander of the Great Eastern, which has <na
bled so many men to overcome tbe malady : Sul
phate of iron, 6 grains ; magnesia, 10 grains; pep
permint water, 11 drachms; spirits of nutmeg, 1
drachm ; twie® a day.”
fort- of Entry.
The following important publication is by an
thoritv :
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, )
Trkascrv Department, ■-
Montgomery, March Iff, 1861. )
In pursuance of the Act ot Congress of Febru
ary 28th, 1861, entitled an Act to authorize the
Secretary of the Treasury to establish additional
Ports and Places of Entry and Delivery, and ap
point officers therefor, thereby establish|theft lbw
ing Ports and Places of Hntrv and Delivery, that
is to say :
Norfolk, at Nelms’ Landing on the Mississippi
River.
Hernando, on the Mississippi and Central Rail
Road.
Holly Springs, on the Mississippi Central Hail
Road.
Kastport, on the Tennessee River.
Corinth, at the crossing of the Mobilp and Ohio,
and of the Memphis and Charleston Rail Roads.
Athens, on the Rail Road from Decatur to Pu
laski.
Stephenson, at the junction of the Memphis and
Charleston, and of the Nashville and Chattanooga
Rail Roads.
Atlanta, at the junction of the Georgia Rail
Road, the Western and Atlantic, and various other
Rail Roads.
Chester, at the junction of the Charlotte and
Columbia aud of the Ring’* Mountain Rail Road.
Florence, at the junction of the Wilmington and
Manchester, and oi the North Eastern and of the
Cheraw and Darlington Rail Roads.
(Signed> 0. G. Mkmminoer,
Secretary of Treasury.
Relief Law of 1860.
At Putnam Superior Court last week, we learn
that the act of the Legislature commonly called the
stay law of judgments and ti fas thereon came up iu
the case of Brown vs. Pearson, surviving partner,
Ac., and Harwell, security. The latter, when his
property was levied on by Sheriff’, interposing his
affidavit of illegality alleging that said levy was
violative of said stay law, and was decided by
Judge Harri s after argument, as unconstitutional,
for that the act was an encroachment upon the
power of the Judiciary department of the govern
ment. As also, that as it delayed a judgement,
creditor in the collection of an ascertained debt,
it whs violative of the spirit of that clause of the
Constitution of the U. ri. which forbade the Legis
lature from enacting any hw impairing the obliga
tion of contracts.
This decision will doubtlessly be taken up to
the Supreme Court in May for review'. —Southern
Record) r.
Repkesentativk Districts.— The following is
the population of the ten new Representative Dis
tricts in Geoigta, as we find it in the Southern
Confederacy:
We annex the representative populat ion of each
of the Districts. W e would give the same ot each
county, but our space to-d.iy will not permit. We
shall do this hereafter :
First District 8d,92:l
Second District 84,1911
Third District 55,0f)4
Fourth District B*>'B33
Kifth District 86,427
Sixth District 82,478
Seventh District .83,344
Eight, District 82,508
Ninth District 86,072
Tenth District 84,509
Haptist Contention.
The Georgia Baptist Convention will hold its
fortieth session in Athens, on the 26th of April.—
The Christian Index, to this religious
body, says:
We believe Dr. Adiel Sherwood was the origin
ator of it. The resolution that called the body
into existence appeared in the minutes of the Sa
repta Association in 1820; and its first session was
held at Poweltoti, commencing Friday, 28th of
April, 1822, including the fifth Sabbath, the time
being appointed by the Georgia Association, in
October, 1821. Cyrus White, Jesse Mercer, Wm.
T. Brandy, Sr, llillsntan Arrington, J. P. Mar
shall, E. Perryman, Jos. Roberts, Humphrey Po
sey, and Tho-. Cooper, (our grandfather,) were
present. Wm. T. brandy drafted the constitu
tion. Adiel Sherwood preached Friday morning,
from the text: “Prepare ye the way of the Lord,”
ami Jesse Mercer followed with a feeling expostu
lation and a weeping prayer. H. Posey preaehed
in the afternoon of Friday.
The Convention has, hitherto, acted in connec
tion with the Boards of our biennial Convention
in mi—ionary operations, but if the other Southern
States refuse to join the Southern Confederacy it
is possible that some change wilt occur ; but we
earnestly advise that no steps be taken at the
approaching Convention in reference to the loca
tion of our Boards in the border States, but that
we wait one year to see what course those States
will adopr.
The Soft hern Navy.—The navy of the South
ern Confederacy consists of the following revenue
cutters, -eized from the United States Government:
McClelland, 4 side guns and one pivot, crew 35
men ; Lewis (’ass, one 68 pounder, crew 45 men ;
Aik'n, one 42 pounder, crew 35 men ; Washing
ton, oue 42 pounder, and the Dodge, one pivot
gun. Besides these, there is the tug propeller
.James Gray, (“ l.ady Danis,") purchased at Rich
mond, which carries a 42 pound Coiumbaid ; the
captured slave brig Bonita, which is being changed
to a war vessel; tbe steam gun-boat Sion, which
mounts one gun and has just returned to Charles
ton from a ten day’s cruise on the coast, and the
steamer Everglade. The United States steamer
Fulton, seized at the Pensacola Navy Yard while
in ordinary, carries four 32 pounders. It will cost
& 10,000 to put her in a sea-going trim.
Hard Times in Baltimore.— The Balt'more Sun
publishes a column of letters from firms in that
city, showing p.hat business there is nearly ruined,
and that somebody “Is hurt.” One clothing firm,
which gave work last March to about 1,200 per
sons, now employs 200; another, in the same busi
ness, employs 410, where last year it employed
1,100. Speaking of business prospects, the Sun
says:
Ordinarily, at this season of the year, the revival
of business imparts vivacity to all the departments
of active life, but the spring opens with ns without
any of the customary evidences of confidence and
activity ; and idleness and destitution arc entailed
upon many who have looked with kindling hope
to this period. If the current state of public and
business affairs continues, the sufferings of the pres
ent day are but the beginning of further and more
general dit-tress.
We need fewer Medical Colleges and Law Schools
in the Confederate States—one of each would be
abundant —and more workshops, foundries, ship
yards and schools for engineers and practical agri
culture. — Sav. Republican.
We do not know whether we need fewer Medi
cal and Law Schools or not, or whether one of
each in each State “would be abundant,” but that
we do need more workshops, foundries, ship yards
and schools (or engiueers and practical agriculture,
we honestly believe. We believe the former to be
useful, and that it would benefit all—even those
connected with the last mentioned enterprise—to
he acquainted with the principles of law and medi
cine. But it is strange that while the Legislature
will denote $16,000 or $20,000 to Law and Medi
cal Colleges, they refuse directly or indirectly to
encourage the developement ol our resources, or
the establishment of Machine Shops and Manufac
tories.— Atlanta Common wealth.
The last number of the Georgia Weekly contains
a strong editorial upon the subject of the “ protec
tion of the white mechanic.” The leading oroposi
tion ia that “no negro” free or enslaved, shall
be taught the mechanic arts, from this forth forev
er ; nor should any negro be brought into this Re
public to labor as an artizan or mechanic of any
grade whatever.” The proposition is sustained by
many cogent and forcible arguments. It is con
tended, by the editor, that it would increase the
strength of our peculiar institution at home, by
enlisting non-slave holders in its behalf, and that
the mechanical arts would rapidly progress, and
render the uegro more industrious and contented.
The history of insurrections proves that its leading
spirits have all been negro mechanics.
pyThe Madison “Visitor,” iu an article on
“sheep-killing dogs,” suggests that “the most Im
portant omission of tbe Southern Confederacy, in
its model constitution, is the omission of a gen
eral dog law.” It thinks that “the Government
of the Southern Confederacy ought to take the
subject under consideration and ass ess a tax of
ten dollars a head ou all over two dogs in each
family.” That would be a very good measure of
reduction, and we presume that it is because it is
a measure of wholesome reduction that the editor
despairs of ever seeing it accomplished by tbe
•State Government of Georgia.
Coi. McCi’LLoroH f.n route for Richmond.—
Col. Ben. McCullough passed through Mobile, on
Saturday, en route to Richmond, to purchase arms
for Texas. He will stop at Montgomery, with the
view of inducing President Davis to order a regi
ment of mounted riflemen for the protection of
the frontiers of Texas.
MACON, GEORGIA
Wednesday, April 3, 1861.
THE NEW CONSTITUTION.
For the State of Georgia, will be found on our
first page. We hope it will be thoroughly exam
ined by the people, who will have an opportunity
of adopting or rejecting it in July next.
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS,
This week, will attract especial attention. All
branches of trade in our city are well supplied,
and challenge the attention of dealers.
THE WHEAT CROP
In Georgia and Tennessee is said to be unusually
promising. The weather is now quite propitious.
May Heaven reward the labors of the husbandman !
THE FIB ST OF APRIL
Was a bright and balmy day, and in its exuber
ant mirthfulness, played a vari#!y of pranks, as in
duty bound. We heard of several bogus feasts
served up to unsuspecting guests, who enjoyed the
joke, if not the repast.
Mr. MEMMINGER,
Secretary of the Treasury, makes an appeal by
a circular to Southern Ranks, to furnish specie in
such quantities as may be necessary to pay sub
scriptions to the loan authorised by the Govern
ment, The request is most reasonable, and should
be promptly complied with.
“ Aoricoi.a,” is published at the suggestion of a
friend. It is from the pen of an intelligent planter
in Southwestern Georgia. Whilst, good faith to
those who may take stock in the $ 1 s,Qt>>,o<Jo Njan
authorised by the Government, may require
continuance of an export duty on cotton until the
debt, is liquidated, we trust all fertilizers will be
admitted duty free.
We here take occasion to remark, that whilst
differences of opinion exist, necessarily, in regard
to the policy of the new Government, it is gratify
ing to onserve with what cheerful alacrity the
great mass of our fellow citizens give it their
support.
HON. HO WELL COBB
Addressed a very crowded auditory in this city
last week. We regret that our engagements
prevented us from listening to his disclosures of
Government abuses at Washington under the late
administration. We hope Mr. Cobb and others
who have aided in the movement for anew Con
federacy, will see to it that every necessary guard
and precaution is exercised to prevent similar
abuses in our infant Republic.
MR. SNEED,
The able and worthy editor of that excellent
paper, the Savannah Republican, looked in upon
us last week. We believe he is taking a little
recreation, so necessary to the dray horse life of
an ed : tor. We are pleased to learn from him that
business is prosperous in the commercial empori
urn of Georgia.
GREEN PEAS AND NEW POTATOES.
We have been greeted with a fine mess of each,
by Mr. Edward Long, Gardner of Col. Sore!!, of
Vineville. The 30th March is very early for such
productions, raised in open ground in ihiH vicinity,
and very creditable to Mr. Long, us a skillful gard
ner. We have seen other early productiona iaiscd
by him, in our market.
PERSONAL.
The “Colon Ft.,” of the Journal and Messenger,
recently elevated to that dignity, through the
courtesy of t.ho “Albany Patriot,” would make au
inquiry from the Appointing Power with regard to
a very interesting point in such matters. What’*
to be the compensation if he submits to wear the
title ? A man “can’t stand everything” without
taking that into consideration. Will it be the
honor and glory that will accompany it. or will it
be a few shares of stock iu the recent “Silver
Lake” improvement of your city ? The acceptance
of the elevation is based on a satisfactory an
swer.
The railroad between Savannah and Thom
asville, Gn., about two hundred miles in lengtlv, it
is expected, will he finished to the latter point
about the end of the present week.
THE SOUTHERN TEACHER.
This is the title of a Monthly magazine devoted
to the interest of home and school education, and
published in Montgomery, Ala., at three dollars
per annum, iu advance. Mr. W. S. Barton is the
editor and proprietor. The March number comes
to us in anew suit of type, with anew and neat
cover, and tiie work presenting, altogether, a very
creditable appearance.
POLITICAL MOVEMENTS.
Although several months intervene before the
elections for State and Federal officers, we observe
several names are already before the people. —
For President, and Vice President, the names of
the present distinguished and worthy incumbents
are urged in oertnin quarter®. Foe members to
Congress from the eighth, (formerly the fourth Dis
trict,) we notice the names of Messrs. Glenn and
Calhoun have been suggested.
For Governor, the names of the present incum
bent, T. M. Furlow, of Sumter, Union Stephens,
of Hancock, J. W. 11. Undeiwood, of Floyd, As
bury Hull, of Clark, and perhaps others, have been
presented. We are glad to observe that the press,
generally, discourages convention or caucus nom
inations. For once let the people unbiassed and
unawed by political wire workers, select their
rulers. At a proper time we shall give expression
to our own preferences. At present we look up
on all movements to forestall popular action, as
indelicate and premature.
NEW BOOKS.
Thf. Thtrstoxs of the Old Palmetto State: or
Varieties of Southern Life. Illustrated in the
Fortunes of a distinguished Family of’ South
Carolina. By Rev. John H. Caldwell, A. if ,of
the Georgia Conference, author ot’ “Ttie Mypte
rions Messenger.”
We are indebted to the esteemed author lor the
neat and interesting volume bearing the above
title. The style is agreeable, the moral invariably
good, and both pleasure and profit will be deiived
from its perusal. We are glad to see the pen of
our worthy friend so earnestly employed in the
field of Southern Literature, and hope others will
imitate his example.
For sale at the Methodist Depository.
Mohuih's Grammar. Wc owe Professor Morris
an apology for not sooner noticing his popular
Grammar of the English Language. It is a very
attractive volume, and is h igldy recommended by
many of our most eminent Te ichc-rs. Address 1.
J. Morris, Auburn. Ala. Pries si 00. Postage
12 cents.
Life ix tiik Olp World : or Two Years ix Switz
r.Ri.AXD axi> Italy. By Frederika Bremer.
Translated by Mary Howitt. In 2 vols. Phila
delphia: T. B. Peterson & Brothers.
We are indebted to the Publishers for this new
work. To those acipiabited with the writings of tl c
gifted authoress, it is hardly necessary to say that
this new contribution from her pen will be fouud
highly entertaining and instructive.
For sale at Richards'.
We have received from the same Publishers,
“The Greatest Plague in Life, or The Adventures
of a Lady in search of a Good Servant.” Also,
“The Nobleman’s Daughter.” By the lion. Mrs.
Norton. They are all for sale at Richards’.
The Irrkprf.ssirlk Conflict. —'The correspon
dent of the New York Expretit says that there are
on file for postmastership over two hundred aud
ten applications from “colored citizens” of Massa
chusetts. This seems to be the beginning of th*
“irrepressible conflict” in the North, inaugurated
bp the “ Massachusetts school.’*
MILITARY MOVEMENTS-
Our city has presented for the last few dave
quite a military aspect. Companies have been
arriving from different paris of the State prepara
tory to a general concentration at Pensacola.— j
The first, on the ground were the Quitman Guards,
Cipt. Pinckard, from Forsyth, who came on Mon
day afternoon by special train. Subsequently,
the regular train from Atlanta brought the Gate
City Guards, Etowah Infantry, Ringgold Infantry
and Xewnan Guards. The Oglethorpe Light In
fantry and Walker Light Infantry arrived in the
night train lrom Augusta. The Independents, of
Bainbridge, Capt. Evans, also arrived on Monday.
The Southern Rights Guard, from Houston arrived
on Tuesday morning, and were received by the
Macon Guards.
The usual military courtesies were extended to
the visitors by our volunteer companies.
Gov. Brown, with a portion of his staff arrived
on yesterday. Camp Oglethorpe now prcsenls
quite a war-like appearance.
The following is a list of Volunteer Companies
that have been ordered to rendezvous at Macon,
on the 2d of April, to be mustered into the service
of the Confederate States.
S. R. Guards, John A. Ilouser, Houston,
Indepen’t Vol’rs, J. W. Aderiiold, Bibb,
Brown lufantry, Geo. A. Smith, Bibb,
Bainbridge Ind*ts John W. Evans, Decatur.
Son’ru Gurads, F. G. Wilkins, Museogeee.
Walker Lt. In’ry, S* H. Crump, Richmond.
Oglethorpe In’ry, J. 0. Clarke, do.
Wash’ton Rides, S. 11. Jones, Wash’ton.
Quitman Guards, J. S. PiDkard, Monroe.
NeWnan Guards, Geo. S. Harvey, Coweta.
Ringgold Volt’rs, H. J. Spray berry, Catoosa.
Etowah Infantry, P. 11. Latey, Cass.
Dahlonega Vol’s, Alfred Harris, Lumpkin.
Gate City Guards, Wm. L. Ezzard, Fulton.
OPPOSITION TO THE CONSTITUTION v
Our readers will bear in mind, that we earnestly
opposed separate State Secession, aa alike peri
lous and impolitic, and urged the importance of a
consultation of all the aggrieved States previous
to any fiaal action, that from a full and free in
terchange of views and feelings, concerted and
harmonious action by all the slaveholding States
might be secured. Before cutting loose from the
o'd government, and encountering all the perils
and expenditures of political revolution and the
risks of disagreement in the formation of anew
Constitution, wo believed Jt.he whole field should
be carefully surveyed and canvassed. We were
aware of the existence of internal as well as ex
ternal antagonisms. We believed these could be
better adjusted before than after the disintegra
tion of States from the old Union.
llow lar we were right, we are willing that
the late events which have already transpired and
those which are still transpiring, shall decide. —
The old Union has been destroyed, anew Govern
ment inaugurated, and we had hoped at least that
those who were so largely instrumental in precip
itating the revolution would have promptly ac
quiesced in its results. But not so. The new
constitution—which we think a very good one iu
the main—meets with decided, in some instances,
fierce opposition from those who were the advo
cates of immediate and unconditional secession.
We have read with no little surprise and regret
the discussions which have taken place in the
State Convention of South Carolina, now in ses
sion at Charleston, on the proposition to ratify the
Constitution of the Confederate States. Under a
motion to go into secret session,
Mr. Manukai lt submitted the following:
Resolved, That in the Constitution adopted by
Congress of the Confederate States of America, at
Montgomery, many but not all the material de
fect® of the Constitution of 1787, pointed out by
the experience of seventy years, have been amend
ed or removed.
Resolved, That before this Convention ratifies
the Constitution adopted at Montgomery, we feel
bound to express our conviction that it is imper
fect and objectionable, and ought to be amended
ou the following points:
1. in leaving open the door to the admission of
non-slaveholding States into this Confederacy.
2. In adopting the basis of only three-fifths of
the slaves in calculating the Federal population.
S. In granting to the Government of the Con
federacy an unlimited power of direct taxation.
4. Iu making the prohibition to import Africans
a Constitutional principle, and not merely giving
to the Confederate Government the power to pro
hibit it as a matter of expediency, and not putting
the Coolie trade on the same footing.
5. in continuing the Postoffice raouopoly iu the
hauds of the Conlederate Government.
The Constitution was opposed by Ex-Governor
Adams, Messrs. Middleton, Gregg, Spratt, and
others, upon the foregoing and other grounds.—
Among other amendments suggested, we find the
following:
Article 5, add—Nor shall any State be hindered
from peaceably seceding from this Confederacy.
Article f>, clause 6—Especially the right to
judge of any infraction of this Constitution by
any department of the Confederate Government,
and of the mode and measure of redress.
We think, on the whole, that it may be well to
hold a convention of the seceded States, compos
ed of delegates elected by the people, for that pur
pose, to frame a Constitution that shall be perma
nent and satisfactory, or as far so as practicable.
In the mean lime, let all classes of our fellow-citi
zens give to our new Government a cordial sup
port.
The Savannah “ Republican” says:—“ We
are gratified to be able to state that the Banks of
Savannah have taken $500,000 of the loan author
ized by the Congress at its late session.”
Tue Southern Baptist Convention.— The Sa
vannah Republican says : “ This is the general
convention of the Baptists of the Southern States,
and holds its meetings biennially. The next ses
sion is to be held in this city, on the 10th of May
next. It has charge of the Board of Missions,
foreign and domestic, and also of the Bible Board.
From all the slaveholding States, it will bring to
gether some of the leading men of the denomina
tion, Its sessions usually embrace about four days,
including a Sabbath. Dr. Richard Fuller, of Bal
timore, is the President.”
Wh at it Costs.— We find, in the Mobile Register
a statement that will give some idea of the expense
of military preparations, and go to show how for
tunate it is for both divisions that a war between
the Uuited and the Confederate States ba9 (so far,
and we trust In the future) been avoided. It re
ports that “ among the military appropriations of
the Confederate Congress, not already announced,
is one of a little over $1,300,000 for the support,
for six months, of three thousand men at Charles
ton ; aud an additional appropriation of $860,000
for the support of two thousand men now at the
same place, should the President think that in
crease of force necessary.”
Hon. Robert Toovbs delivered a speeeh at
Washington, Wilkes county, Ga., Wednesday last.
The Withes Independent says that, in the course of
bis remarks the speaker said he thought the chan
ces were better for peace than war, and gave
reasons conclusive and convincing.
There is to be a grand military display of
volunteer companies at Kingston, Ga., on Saturday,
April 10th. Several infantry companies and cav
alry compauies in that section ot the State arc ex
pected to meet there that day, for the purpose of
organising a battalion of the former and a squadron
of the latter.
Have Justice Wayne and Campbell, of the
United States Supreme Court, yet resigned or re
tired from their seats on the Bench ? And if not,
why not?
Oapt. Thos. L. Cooper, of Atlanta, has re
sigi e i the Solicitor-Generalship of the Coweta
Circuit, and Nat. J. Hammond, Esq., also, ol At
lanta, has been appointed by Gov. Brown to fill
the unax pi red term.
l otion Planters’ < onveutlon.
1 Macon, Ga., March 27, 1881.
Pursuant to a published notice for a called meet
ing, the Cotton Planters’ Convention met in the
City Hall—Col. Howell Cobb presiding.
. The Constitution and By-Laws were read, when
, several gentlemen came forward and subscribed
themselves members of the Convention.
The President then made his “ communication ’
which was received and adopted.
On motion, it was resolved that the Cotton Plan
ters’ Convention hold another Fair, to be htld the
2d and 3d weeks in November next; the place for
holding the Fair, to be determined upon by
Executive Commiitee.
Resolution by Judge T. G. Holt:
Resolved, That, the Executive Committee con
sist ol eleven members, but four shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business. Adopted
Muj. J. A. Miller, of Houston, offered the fob
lowing, which was also adopted:
Resolved, That the Chairman appoint that Coir.-
mittoe, and that lie be requested to report his ap.
pointments in the afternoon session.
On motion of Col. W. D. Watkins, of Houston
Resolved unanimously. That the Planters’ Con
vention tender their thanks to the Hon. C. G.
Baylor for his early and lmg continued efforts to
inaugurate Direct Tiade with Europe, and espp.
dally for his efficient aid in lurthering direct im
portation from Belgium and other countiies du
ring the year 1800.
Resolution by Maj. J. A. Miller, of Houston :
Jiesolveu, That a Commissioner be sent to Eu
rope charged with carrying out and consummating
the Direct Trade movement initiated last year, by
the Cotton Planters’ Convention.
This resolution elicited au animated discussion,
in whieh nearly all the members participated.—
Pending the discussion the Convention adjourned
again at 3 o’clock in the afternoon.
afternoon session.
The discussion on the proposition of the fore
noon was resumed. After a debate of over an
hour upon the propriety of sending another Com
mission for the present year, the yeas and nays
were called for, aud it wits finally decided in the
affirmative.
The Convention then proceed to ballot for said
Commission, Col. Howell Cobb was elected on the
first Jia Hot.
On motion ol Col. J. V. Jones, of Burks co., it
was
Resolved, That the President appoint a Com
mittee consisting of himself and two orthers, to
take into consideration the subject of an otgan
for the Convention, and to make such arrange
ments as they may deem proper, subject to the
final action of the Convention. The Chairman
appointed Col. W. D. Watkins and S. H. J. S:h
trunk.
According to previous resolution the President
announced the following named gentlemen as
constituting the Executive Committee for the
present year:
Bibb County—Hon. T. G. Holt,
Col. Pulaski Holt,
Col. H. G. Lamar.
Pulaski Co.—George Walker, Esq.,
Col. W. M. Davis,
Col. A. Barnham.
Burke Co.—W. Hutchins, Esq.,
Col. J. M. Jones.
Talbot Co.—Judge Isaac Cliennev,
C&mdeß Cos. —Hon. A. S. Atkins.
On motion of J. V. Jones—
Resolved, That the Treasurer be authorized and
requested to pay over to Col. Cobh one thousand
dollars to defray the expenses of the Commission
to Europe.
On motion of Col. W. D. Watkins
Resolved, That in consideration of valuable ser
vices rendered by lion. C. G. Baylor, in promoting
the objects and aims of the Cotton Planters’ Con
vention that the Treasurer be authorized and re
quested to pay Mr. Baylor the sum of five hundred
dollars.
On motion the Convention adjourned sine die.
HOWELL COBB. President.
S. 11. J. SisTßrsK, Secretary.
P. S. —All papers favorable to the Convention
please copy.
Slavery and Cotton.
The New York Tribune says the Baltimore
American, only betrays its ignorance of facts
when it imagines that slavery would be abolished
if the cotton culture of the United States were
abandoned. And the cotton States themselves
seem to labor under a similer delusion. We ap
preciate the importance of cotton to the commerce
of nations. A great deal has been said of late
about the substitution of flax lor cotton, but it
seems to be forgotten that for the cultivation of
that substiute the soil of some of the slave States
is peculiarly well adapted. Nearly two-thirds of the
whole flax crops of the country is produced by
Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, North Carolina
and Virginia.
When these philosophers suppose that there is
no department of industry hut the cotton culture
in which slave labor is profitable, they make the
most egregious blunder that even philosophers
were ever guilty a>f. At least twenty million of
dollars are now invested iu the Southern States in
manufactures and twenty-five thousand operatives
employed. The South produces nearly one-fourth
of the wool grown in the United States. Its corn
crops until the last, two harvests, amounted to one
half of the whole corn product of the country.
Its live stock is worth nearly half the whole pro
duct of the country. There are four or five South
ern States either of which produces ten tirae9 the
provisions and live stock of England. Not more
than one-third of the slaves of the South are en
gaged in making cotton for market. So it is very
clear that the abandonment of the cotton crop
would not involve the abandonment of slavery.
Let our brethren of the Gulf understand fiom
this that they are not to be recognized as the ex
clusive guardians of Southern institutions and in
terests. And, let Greeley, Beecher & Cos. set an
example of dispensing with the use of cotton, di
vest themselves of their cotton garments, and go
forth among mankind in the unadorned simplic
ity of nature.
Hon. A. A. Donelsou.
lion. A. J. Doualson, of Tennessee, who was on
the ticket with Mr. Fillmore for the Vice Presiden
cy of the United States, has written a letter to
Hon. H. P. Foote, advocating a last effort by a
Border State Conference to obtain guarantees lor
our rights from tbe North to bring back the sece
ding States and reconstruct the Union. Failing in
this he is for one Southern Confederacy, composed
of all the slave holding States.
The Morrill Tariff.
Secretary Chase haa announced that the Morrill
tariff is inexeentable, and must be repealed. All io*
dications point to an early extra session ot the
United State* Congress.
W. D. McNish, Mr. Lincoln’s appointee as
Postmaster of Nashville, Tenn., is a secessionist,
and voted the secesioa ticket at the recent election
in Tennessee. The Nashville papers state that the
Union men are getting up a remonstrauce against
tbe appointment, on this ground. The gentleman
was determined to take both chances lor an office.
Important Decision Stop LaWi
At the late term of the Circuit Court in this
county, says the Knoxville W A,j, Judge Brown
decided that the stop or stay law passed by tee
late LeeUlature, is unconstitutional. The ques
tion came up on a motion made by a defeudent to
be allowed to stav a judgment on the record as
provided for by the said act which was denied.
We are informed that the Law has been -
dared unconstitutional also by Judge Baxter at
Nashville.
fj^ J The Presbytery of Hopewell, (embracing
the Piesbyterian Churches ol Central Georgia,
eluding the territory between Augusta and Macon,
and Burke and Habersham counties) will uoiu •
semi-annual seas ons in Eatomon, Putnam conn y,
beginn ng on Wedneadav, April 3d, at ha.. P*
o’clock, P. M.