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BY J. W. BURKE & CO.
DAILY JOURNAL & MESSENGER,
J. W. BURKE & CO. f Proprietors.
OFFICE—No. 1)0 SECOND ST., MACON, UA.
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DAILY one Month $1 00
do three Months 250
<lfi six Months- 500
ilo <>n»- Year 10 00
GkokOl A IoUUXAI. A M KHMKViiKK Is published
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Invariably in advance. Every paper will lie
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s. ROSE, I lie former proprietor and editor, re
mains connected with the several depart incuts of
tile JOUKNAt AND M KSKKNi.KK.
Rates of Advertising in the Daily Journal and Messenger.
sac Attics. 1 time 1 2 time*' 3 tlmesi I times!'! timesjl week 2 weeks 1 m’nth'3 m’tlislj m’ths
i. | | I ' l
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Tw0....| ....] 8 (Hjj 3 ooj 4 INlj 5 out 6 OOj 7 00 18 ouj 20 ooi- 35 00 45 00
Three.;. Ooj 4 Sis 6Ou 7 so! . 9 ooj P«0» -18 50j 39 (KM 45 00 l 60 00
•■'our.. | 4 00 ti ot J 8 00| 10 Oof 12 00| 14 (jjjf 20 001 32 Oftj 48 00’ 65 00
Five.... 5 00 7 SOj < 10 00l 12 Sol 15 00; 17 30| 25 Soi So 0»1 52 oO| 70 00
K ColUjtnn, 6 00 9 OOj 12 00 ISOOf- 18 0! 20 0(f 30 00. 40 OOj 6-5 Otlj 00 00
'4oolmea. . ...1 . J,. .Pfi2s 00 , 35 00! fd 00' 05 ft) t» 00
One jo. ? A : i Wjjffij’-- 50 Pol 100 oft 150 Oil!
Terms CASH. Parties at a distance and transient advertisers must pay in advance.
Look tor your bills immediately after Insertion, if thera is uot a different understand
ing with the manager of the Business Office.
Monthly lUvertiseuieut* inserted every other
day, to be charged two-tnirds the above rates.
Monthly advertisefttetits Inserted twice a week,
to be charged one-half above rates.
Advertisements inserted at intervals, to be
charged as new each insertion.
Regular advertisers, wloadverflse largely, shall
lie allowed such discount f|'om above named
transient rates at in™ be agreed Upon; provided,
that in no case shall such discount exceed 25 per
cent.
All business notices of advertisements to be
charged Ji cents net per line, each.
Advertisements inserted In Weekly for one
third above rates. Daily and Weekly ‘-’a per cent,
additional to Daily rates.
Marriage anil Funeral Notices, sl, to be aecnni
pauitsl by the cash, obituaries, in cents per line.
I‘atties at it, distance iniist send money with
tlteir lulvigrl Dements, ahd wa will insert Record
mg to ihe immint paid;'its we do I liose who call
to make arni igMlin iils with us.
A square is tlie .space isTupied by ten lines of
solid non par lei.
TRAVELER’S GUIDE.
CKNTKAL HAII.KUAII.
Day Passenger leaves Macon 7 00 A. M
Day Passenger arrlvesat Macon 7 :8U p. m
Nignt Passenger leaves Marini fi 35 p. M
Night Passenger arrives at Macon 5 00 A. M
SOUTH-WKPTKKN it A 11. ltd A 1) —TO COLUSfBUM.
Day Passeo.a" lejivi-s Macon 5 1 > a. m
Day Passenger arrives at Macon ti ‘JO i*. m
SOUTH-WKSI KKN—TO ALBANY AND KI’PAULA.
I>av lAouMMiiawrdusi . M con aofa. m
Day Passengi’t arrives at Maeom —a *•» x ;»
USIUNSWICK RAILROAD.
Passenger Traiu leaves Macon “•••.? * p *
Passenger Train arrives at Mikeoii 10 SO A. w
MACON AVI) WBSTBKN KAILKOAI).
Day Train leaves Macon ........ -.7 15 A. At
Day Train arrives at Macon Sop. M
Night Train leaves Macon H to p. M
Night Train anivesat Mac>n..._ Ji M A. m
ivgy Train leaves Atlanta ...7 15 v. At
Day Train arrives at Atlanta.. 7 200 p. vt
Night Train leaves Atla f ta 7 15 P M
Night'i’rain arrives at At1anta.....,..., 1 30 A. M
ATLANTA AND VVK.ST POINT RAIL SO All.
Passenger Train leaves Atlanta. 7 00 a m.
Arrives at. West Point 12 00 ni.
Leaves West Point 12 40 pm.
Arrives at Atlanta 5 SO pm.
MACON ANT) AUGUSTA KAII.ROAO.
Passenger Train leaves Cumak 12 HO p.tn.
Arrives at Millevlgeville 4 hi p.m.
Leaves Milledgevflle 5 30 a m.
Arrives at Camak 9 00 a m.
GKOKGIA RAILROAD—AUGUSTA TO ATLANTA.
Day PassengerTrain(.Suudaysexcepted)
leaves Atlanta .—. 5 00 a.ill.
Arrives at Augusta S'* P r, L
Leaves Augusta 7 30 a.m.
Arrives at Atlanta 0 30 p.m.
Nig lit Pa's<gßger Train leaves Atlaula— 5 46 p.m.
Arrires pi Auguste .~.
Ijuavcs Augnsfii.. .w 3 15 p.in.
Arrives at Atlanta 0 45 a in.
1868. 1868.
The Southern Christian Advocate,
E. 11. MYERS, D. D„ Editor.
T H IRTV-FIRB T V GLUME.
flllUH OLD AND WEILESTABLISHED KELI-
I gious Family Weekly is devoted 10 Religion
and the Church ; to Literature, Science, Art, the
News, the Markets, Advertisements, etc., etc.
It is proposed to keep it equal to any ratnily
Newspaper in the country, being all that a family
that takes but one newspaper can need, and also
worthy of a place with other newspapers where
b«\eral art* taken.
Tkriih-Thker Dollars a Year in Advance.
Any person sending in subscribers to the
amount of S3O will be entitled to a copy free for
one year.
The Ministers of the M. K. Church. South, are
agents for the paper; hut any person who will
send us ten subscribers, or S3O, shall have the
paper fkkk one year. Address
J. W. BURKE A CO„
Macon, Ga.
Southern Christian Advocate, with the
Weekly Journal and Messenger, $5 00 a year, in
advance. __ mare-ts
Tiemann’s Laundry Blue.
FOB
FAMILY: UHis:.
— Jfffrt fff dgtlii f i
This Blue Is manufactured expressly for
WASHING PURPOSES,
By the well-known Color Manufacturers,
I*. I'. Tleutaim 4 Cos.,
And being perfectly pure and free from
*1 c? x D** * * * <?
Itsftppiießatvant which has long been felt,
A Bli U E
Which will not injure the CtoTHKS,
It is put up In convenient form in
bottles ; or for those who prefer using the
powder, in neat wooden boxes. It may be
obtained of Grrcers and Druggists gener
ally.
J. 11. TIEM.ANN, Sole Agent.
240 Pearl St., N. Y.
for sale, by J. 11. Zen. in k 00., Macon. Ua.
| jtt. H. A. nKTTAt'IRi
Office over Massenburg A Co.’* Drug Store
MACON, OA.
jWAlgi lnuxtiiil an & Messenger.
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA.
ARTICLE V.-JUDICIABY.
Section I.
I. The Judicial powers of this State shall
he vested in a an preroe Court, Superior
Courts, Courts of Ordinary, Justices of
the Peace, Commissioned Notaries Public,
and such oilier Courts as have been or may
lie established by law.
Section 11.
I. The Supreme Court shall consist of
three Judges, two of whom shall consti
tute a quorum. When a majority of the
Judges are disqualified from deciding any
case, by interest or otherwise, the Gover
nor shall designate certain Judges of the
Huperior Courts to sit iu their stead. At
the tirst uppoiuUmut of Judges of the
Supreme Court under this Constitution,
oue shall lie appoinled for four years, one
for eight years, and one for twelve years ;
but all subsequent appointments, except
to till unexpired terms, shall be for the
term of twelve years.
U. The Supreme Court shall have no
original jurisdiction, but shall be a Court
alone for the trial ami correction of errors
from tiie Superior Courts and from the
City Courts of Savannah aud Augusta,
and such other like Courts as may be here
after established in other cities ; and shall
sit at the seat of Government at sucli times
iu each year as ehull be prescribed tty law,
for the trial and determination of writs of
error from said Superior and City Courts.
The days on which the cases from the
several Circuit or City Courst shall tie
taken up by the Court, shall be fixed by
law.
11 L The Supreme Court shall <ffa|>ose of
every case at the lirst or second term after
such writ of error is brought; and in case
the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared
at the first term to prosecute the case, un
less prevented by Providential cause, it
shall be stricken from the docket, and the
judgment below shall Bland affirmed. In
any ease, the Court may in its discretion,
withhold its judgment until the next term
alter the same is argued.
IV. When only the two Judges git in
any case, aud they disagree, the judgment
below shall stand affirmed.
Ski tion 111 .
I. There shall boa Judge of the Superior
Courts for each Judicial Circuit. He may
act in other Circuits when authorized by
law. At the first appointment of sucli
Judges under this Constitution, nne-half
of the number ( as near as may be) shall
lie appointed for fouryears, and the other
half for eight years ; but all subsequent
appointments, except to lill unexpired j
terms, shall be for the term of eight !
years.
11. The Superior Courts shall have ex- !
elusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce ; in j
criminal easts, where the otleuder is sub- ]
jeeted to loss of life or confinement in the ,
Penitentiary ; in cases rivpcct'ing titles to
laud and equity cakes, except as herein j
after provided ; but the General Assembly !
shall have power to merge the Common !
I,aw and Equity Jurisdiction of said
Courts. Said Courts shall have jurisdie-I
tion Iu all other civil cases, except us here- J
inafter provided. They shall have appel- j
late jurisdiction in all such eases as may
he provided liy law. They .shall have
power to correct errors in Inferior Judica
tories, by writ of certiorari, which shall i
only issue on the sanction of the Judge;]
ami to issue writs of mandanuiM, prohibi- j
tion, Jucia#, and all other writs that
may be : (tit- StarrvtUlf their |>ow- j
era lully into clleet, and smut
other powers as shall be conferred on them !
by law.
11 l.Thefesball be no appeal from one jury I
in the Superior Courts to another; but the j
Court may grant new trials on legal ;
grounds. Ihe Court shall render judg
ment without the verdict of a jury iu all
civil cases, founded on contract, where an
issuable defence is not Hied on oath.
IV. 'fife Superior Courts shall sit in each
county not less than twice in each year,
at such times as have been, or may be, ap
pointed by law.
Section IV.
I. Until the (leneral Assembly shall oth
erwise direct, there shall be u District
Judge and a District Attorney for each
Senatorial District in this State.
11. The District Judge shall have juris
diction to hear and determine all offences
not punishable with death or imprison
ment in the Peuiteutiary ; and it shall be
tlie duty of the District Attorney to rep
resent the State in all cases before the Dis
trict Judge.
111. The District Judge shall sit at stated
times, not less than once in eacli mouth
in each county in his District, for the
trial of offences, and at such other times
as the General Assembly may direct.
IV. Offences shall be tried before tiie
District Judge ou a written accusation,
founded on affidavit; said accusation shall
plainly set forth the offence charged, aud
shall contain the name of tiie accuser, and
be signed by tiie District Attorney.
V. There shall be no jury trial before
the District Judge, except when demand
ed by tiie accused, in which case tiie jury
shall consist of seven.
VT. Such civil jurisdiction may be con
ferred on the District Judges, as the Gen
eral Assembly may direct.
VII. The District Judges and Attor
neys shall hold their offices for a period of
four years, ami shall receive for their ser
vices such stated compensation, in their
respective Districts, as may be provided
by law, but in no event shall their com
pensation be in anywise dependent
upon tines, forfeitures or costs.
Section V.
I. Tlie powers of a Court of Ordinary
and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordi
nary for each county, from whose decis
ions there may he an appeal to the Supe
rior Court, uuder regulations prescribed by
law.
11. The Courts of Ordinary shall have
such powers in relation to roads, bridges,
ferries, public buildings, paupers, county
officers, county funds and taxes, and other
matters, as shall be conferred on them by
law.
IIP The Ordinary shall hold his office
for the term of four yeais, and until his
successor is elected and qualified.
Section VI.
I. There shall be in each District oue
Justice of the Peace, whose official terms
except when elected to till an uuexpired
term, shall be four years.
11. The J ustict sos the Peace shall have
jurisdiction, except as hereinafter provi
ded, in all civil cases where the principal
sum claimed does not exceed one hundred
dollars, and may sit at any time for the
trial of such cases ; but iu cases where the
sum claimed is'more than fifty dollars,
there may beau appeal to ttie Superior
Court, under such regulations as may he
i prescribed by law.
j I IT. There shall be no appeal to a jury
I from the decision of a Justice of the Peace,
j exceipt as provided iu the foregoing para
' graph. . . ,
i IV. Notaries Public may be appointed
and commissioned by the Governor, not
to exceed one for each Militia iHatriet, for
1 a term of four years, and shall he cx officio
Justices of the Peace.
Section VII.
I. There shall he an Attorney General
of the State, whose official term, except
when appointed to till an unexpired term,
shall be four years.
11. It shall be the duty of the Attorney
General to act as the legal adviser of the
Executive Department, to represent the
State in all civil and criminal cases In tlieHu
preme and Sufierior Courts, when required
by the Governor, and to perform sucli
other services as shall be required of him
by law.
Section VIII.
I. There shall Lea Solicitor General for
each Judicial Circuit, whose official term,
except when appointed to till an unex
pirn! term, shall he fouryears.
11. It shall be the duty of the Solicitor
General to represent tiie State in all cases
in the Superior Court of his Circuit, and in
all cases taken up from his Circuit to the
Supreme Court, and to perform sucli other
services us shall be required of hitu by
law.
Section IX.
I. The Judges of tiie Supreme and Su
perior Courts, Attorney General, Solicitors
General and tiie District Judges, aud At
torneys shall be appointed by the Gover
nor, with the advice aud consent of the
Senate, and shall be removable by the
Governor on the address of two-thirds of
each branch of the General Assembly, or
by impeachment utid conviction thereon.
It. Justices of tiie Peace shall be elected
by the legal voters in their respective Dis
tricts, and shall be commissioned by the
Governor. They shall he removable ou
conviction for malpractice in office
Section X.
I. The Judges of tiie Supreme and Su
perior Court*, and the Attorney and Solic
itor Generals shall have out of the State
Treasury, adequate and honorable salaries
on the specie basis, which shall not be In
creased or diminished during their contin
uance in office. The District Judges and
District Attorneys shall receive, out of the
Treasuries of the several Counties of their
Districts, adequate compensation, on tiie
specie basis, which shall not be increased
or diminished during their term of office;
hut said Judges shall not receive any other
perquisites or emoluments whatever, from
parties, or others, ou acccuut of any duty ]
required of them.
11. The General Assembly shall provide
for,the equitable apportionment of the
compensation of tiie District Judges and
Attorneys between the Counties com
posing their Districts, and shall require
the moueys arising from hues and forfeit
ures in tiie District Courts, to be paid into
tiie Treasuries thereof.
111. No person shall lie Judge of the Su
preme or Superior Courls, or Attorney
General, unless at the time of bis appoint
ment lie shall have attained the ago of
thirty years, and shall have been a citizen
ot this State three years, aud have prac
ticed law for seven years.
Section XI.
I. No total divorce shall Is- granted ex- i
cept on the concurrent verdict of two '
juries. When a divorce is granted, the t
jury rendering the final verdict shall de- |
termine the rights and disabilities of the j
parties, subject to the tevision of tiie j
Court.
Section XII.
I. Divorce canes Bhall be (rieil in tiie
Uouiity where the tlefeiiiluiit r<*i<leß, if a
resblenf of this Statp.
11. <'riiiiiiial cases sbail la* tried in Hie
County where the crime ooinroi tied,
except cases In the Superior Courts, when
the ’prfsiilinir Judge is satisfies! that an
impartial jury cannot be obtained iu such
< ’-minty.
111. Cases res]<ccting titles to land shall
bo tried iu the County whore the land lies,
except where a sintHe tract is divded by a
County line, in which case the superior
Court of either County shall have juris
diction.
IV. Equity cases shall he tried in the ;
coutUy where a defemiant resides agaiust
”■ vm&i, \
proniissors, copartnerso- joip*•trespassers,
residiitK in different CO'bdML ~ he
tried in either county. "* '
VI. Suits at’uiust the maker and en
dorser of promissory notes, or other like
instruments, residing in dilferent eoun
tii-H, shall lie tried iu the county where
the maker resides.
VII. AH other cases shall hetrii-d in the
county where tiie defendant resides.
Rhofjon XIII.
I. The right of trial by jury, except
where it is otherwise provided in thi» Cou
stitution, shall remain inviolate.
IL The General Assembly shall pro
vide by law for the selection of upright
aud intelligent persons to serve as jurors.
There shall be no distinction between the
classes of persous who compose grand aud
petit juries. Jurors shall receive adequate
compensation for their services, to be pre
scribed by law.
Section XIV.
I. Tiie courts heretofore existing in this
State styled Inferior Courts are abolished,
and their unfinished business and the du
ties of the Justices thereof are transferred
to such tribunals as the General Assembly
may desiguale.
Section XV.
I. The General Assembly shall have
power to provide for the creation of Coun
ty Commissioners in such counties as may
require them, and to define their duties.
Section XVI.
I. All courts not specially mentioned by
name in the first section of this paragraph
maybe abolished in any county, at the
discretion of the General Assembly, and
the County Courts now existing in Geor
gia are hereby abolished.
Section XVII.
I. No court in this State shall have ju
risdiction to try or determine any suit
against any resident of this State upon
any contract or agreement made or im
plied, or upon any contract made in re
newal of any debt existing prior to the
first day of June, W 65. Nor shall any
court or ministerial officer of this State
have authority to enforce any judgment,
execution or decree rendered or issued
upon any contract or agreement made or
implied, or upon any contract in renewal
of a debt existing prior to the first day
of June, 1860, except in the following
cases:
1. In suits against trustees where the
trust property is in the hands of the
trustee, or has been invested by him in
other specific effects, now in his hands,
and in suits by the vendor of real estate
against the vendee, where not more than
one-third of the purchase money lias been
paid, and the vendee is in possession of the
land or specific elfects for which he has
sold it, and lie refuses to deliver the land
or said elfects to the veudor. In such
cases the courts and officers may entertain
jurisdiction and enforce judgments against
said trust property, or land, or effects.
2. In suits for the benefitof minors by
trustees appointed before the first day of
June, 1865.
3. In suits against corporations in their
corporate capacity, but not so as to enforce
the debt against the stockholders or officers
thereof iu their individual capacity.
4. Iu suits by charitable or literary in
stitutions for money loaned, property
other than slaves —sold, or services ren
dered by such institutions.
5. In suits on debts due for mechanical
or manual tabor, when the suit is by the
mechanic or laborer.
G. In cases when the debt is set up by
way of defence, and the debt set up ex
ceeds any debt due by defendant to plaiu
titfof which the Courts are denied juris
diction. ... ,
7. In all other cases in which the Gen
eral Assembly shall by law give the said
Courts and officers jurisdiction : Provided,
That ue Court or officer shall imve, nor
shall the General Assembly give, jurisdic
tion or authority to try or give judgment
on or enforce any debt, the consideration
MACON. GA„ THURSDAY, MARCH *2O. 1868.
of which was a slavrgt*slave*, or the hire
thereof. w
11. All contracts mSfeaijJl not executed
during the late rebellion, with the inten
tion and for the purpose of aiding and en
couraging said rebellion, or where it was
the purpose and intention of any one of
the parties to such contract to aid or en
courage such rebellion, and that fact was
known to the other party, whether said
contract was made by any person or cor
poration witii the State or Confederate
Stales, or by a corporation with a natural
person, or between two or more natural
persons, are hereby declared to have l»een,
and to be, illegal, and alt bonds, deeds,
promissory notes, bills, or other evidence*
of debt, made or executed by the parties to
such contract, or either of them iu connec
tion with sucli illegal contract, or as the
consideration therefor or iu furtherance
thereof, are hereby declared null aud void,
and shall be so feld in all Courts in this
State when ail attempt shall be made to
euforce any such jeon trad or give validity
to any such obligation or evidence of debt.
And iu ail cases shea the defendant or
any one interestep in the event of the suit
will make a pleasupjiorted by his or her
affidavit, that hejor she lias reason to be
lieve that tiie (jbiigittioti or evidence of
indebtedness upo| which the suit is predi
cated, or some part thereof, has been given
or used for the illegal purpose aforesaid,
the burden of proof shall be upon the
plaintiff to satisfy the Court and Jury that
the bond, deed, note, bill, or otiier evi
dence of indebtedness upon which said
suit is brought, is tr are not, nor is any
part thereof, founded uj>on, or iu any way
connected with any such illegal contract,
and has not been used in aid of the rebel
lion, and the date of sucli bond, deed,
note, bill, or other evidence of indebted
ness, shall uot be evidence that it has, or
has not, since its date, been issued, trans
ferred or übed in aid of the retiellion.
111. It shall be iu tiie power of the
General A*serub.y to assess aud (rolled
I upon all debts, judgments, or causes of ac
tion when due, founded on any contract
made or implied before the first day of
June, lSbo, iu tbo hands of auy one in bis
own right, or trustee, agent or Attorney
of another, ou or after the first day of
January, 180s, afa x of not exceeding SJ6
per cent., to be said by tiie creditor on
pain of the furniture or the debt, but
chargeable by him as to cne-haif thereof
against the debtor, and collectable witii
the debt: Pro vUd, That this tax shall
not bo collected if tile debt or cause of ac
tion be abandoned or settled without legal
process, or, if in judgment, Uo«otUu.j with
out levy and »a«-: Aml jnuvided further,
That this tax shall not l>e levied so long
as the Courts of this State shall not have
jurisdiction of vuch debts or causes of ac
tiou.
ARTH’E-i V!.—EDUCATION,
T. The General Assembly at its first
session after tiie adoption of tliis Consti
tution, shall j rovide a thorough system of
General Education, to tie forever free to
all children of the .State, the expense of
which shall be provided for by taxation,
or otherwise.
11. The office of State School Commis
sioner i* hereby created, iie shall be ap
pointed by I be Governor, witii the oouseut
of the Senate, and shall hold ins office for
the *ame lei iu as the Governor. The Gen
eral Assembly shall provide for the said
Commissioner a competent salary and
necessary clerks. He shall keep his office
at tin* Seat of Government.
ill. The I‘nll tax allowed by this Con
stitution, any Educational fund now be
longing to this Slate—except the endow
ment of, and debt due to, the State Uni
versity—or that may hereafter be obtained
in any way.aapnciaf tax on rili iwsainl Kx
hibitioiis, aud on Die sale of spirtuous aud
‘'T : ‘> A
the proceed** D m the couiuiuiaiioii Toi
militia service, are hereby set apart and
devoted to the support of Common sSchobfs.
And if the provisions herein made shall,
at any time, prove insufficient, the Gener
al Assembly shall havepow er to levy mieh
general general tax upon the property of
the Htate, as may be necessary for lliesup
port of saiii School System. Ami there
shall he established, as soon as practicable,
one or more Common Schools in each
School District in this State.
ARTICLE YII.—HOMESTEAD AND
EX KMPTIONti.
Section I.
I. Each head of a family, or guardian,
or trustee of a family or minor children,
shall he entitled to a homestead of realty
to the value of two thousand dollars, in
specie, and personal property to the value
of one thousand dollars in sjiecie, both to
lie valued at the time they are set apart
And no Court, or Ministerial officer in this
State, shall ever have jurisdiction, or au
thority, to enforce any judgment, decree,
or execution against saitl property so set
apart—including such improvements as
may be made thereon, from time to time
—except for taxes, uiouey borrowed and
expended 'u the improvement of the
homestead, or for the purchase money of
the same, and for labor done thereon, or
material furnished therefor, or removal of
encumbrances thereon. And it shall he
the duty of the General Assembly, as early
as practicable, to provide by law for, the
setting apart and valuation of said proper
ty, anti to enact laws for the full and com
plete protection and security of (he same
to the sole use and benefit of said families
tts aforesaid.
11. All property of the wife, in her pos
session at the time of her marriage, and
all property given to, inherited, or acquir
er! by her, shall remain her separate prop
erty and not be liable for the debts of her
husband.
ARTICLE VIII—MILITIA.
Sec. I. The Militia shall consist of ull
able bodied male persons between the ages
of eighteen and forty-five years, except
such as may be exempted by the laws of
the United States or this State; and shall
he organized, olficeretf, armed, equipped
and .trained in such manner as may be
provided by law ; subject to the paramount
authority cf Congress over this subject.
Sec 11. Volunteer Companies of Cav
alry, Infantry,oc Artillery, may be formed
in such manner, and with such restrictions
as may be provided by law.
Sec. 111. No person conscientiously
opposed to bearing arms, shall he compell
ed to do Militia duty', but such person
shall pay an equivalent for exemption ;
the amount to he prescribed by law and
appropriated to the Common School Fund.
ARTICLE IX.—COUNTY OFFICERS.
I. The county officers recognized as ex
isting by the laws of this State, and not
abolished by this Constitution, shall,
where not otherwise provided for in this
Couslitutiou, be elected by the qualified
voters of their respective Counties or Dis
tricts, aud shall hold ttieir offices for two
years. They shall be removable on con
viction for malpractice in office,'or on the
address of two-thirds of the Senate.
ARTICLE X. —BEAT OF GOVERN
MENT.
I. The aeatof GovernmentofthisHtate,
from aud after the date of the ratification
of this Constitution, shall be in the city of
Atlanta, and the General Assembly shall
provide for the erection of anew Capitol,
and such other buildings as the public
welfare may require.
11. The General Assembly shall have
power to provide for tbo temporary re
moval of the Seat of Government in case
of invasion, pestilence, or other emer
gency.
ARTICLE XI.—THE LAWS OF GEN
ERAL OPERATIOxN IN FORCE IN
THIS STATE ARE:
1. As tlie Supreme law : The Constitu
tion of the United States, the law’s of the
TJuited States in pursuauce thereof,and all
treaties made under the authority of the
United Slates.
11. As next in authority tbereti: this
Constitution. *,
HI. Iu subordination (6 the foregoing:
All Acts passed by any legislative body,
sitting in this State as such, since the 19th
nay ol January, 1801, including that body
of law* known as the Code of Georgia, and
the acts amendatory thereof, or passed
since that time, which said Code and acts
are embodied in the printed l ook known
as ‘ Irwin’s Code;” and also so much of,
the Common and Statute laws of England '
and of the Statute laws of Georgia as
were in force iu this State on the 19th day
of December, 1800, as are not superseded
by said Code, though not embodied there
in , except so much of Hie said several
Statutes, Code and laws as may be incon
sistent witii the supreme law herein re- !
cognized, or may have been passed in aid
of the late rebellion against the United
States, or may be obsolete, or may refer to
persons held in slavery, which exceptive
laws are Inoperative and void; and any
future General Assembly shall lie compe
tent to alter or repeal {if not herein pto
hibited i any |>ortion of the laws declared
to be of force in this third specilicatson of
tills clause of this article; aud if in any of
said laws herein declared of force,the word
“'Con federate” oceursbefore the word States
such law is hereby amended by substitu
ting the word “United” for the word
“ < ’onfederate.”
IV. Local and private acts passed for j
the benefit of counties, cities, towns, cor- I
poratiouK and private persons, not incon- :
sisfent with the supreme law, nor with
this Constitution, and which have not ex
pired nor been repealed, shall have the
force of statute law, subject to judicial de
cinion as to their validity when passed,
aud to any limitations imposed by tiieir
own terms.
V. All rights, privileges and immunities
which may have vested in, or accrued to,
any person or peroous, or vorporation in
bis, her, or their own right, or in any
fiduciary capacity, under any act of any
legislative body sitting in this Btate as
such, or of any decree, judgment or order
of any Court, sitting iu this Btate, under
the laws then of force and operation
therein, and recognized by the people as a
Court of competent jurisdiction, since the
19th day of January, 1861, shall be held
inviolate by all the Courts of this Btate,
unless attacked for fraud, or unless other
wise declared invalid by, or according to,
the Constitution.
VI The records, dockets, books, papers
and proceedings <>r airy < nnu <>■ iiHd ...
isting iu this Btate by the laws thereof on
the l'.Hh of January, 1861, or purporting to
exist by said laws, and recognized and
generally obeyed by the people as such,
sinee the said time, and before the several
Courts and officers provided for by this
Constitution shall have gone into actual
operation, shad tie transferred to tiie sev
eral Courts and offices of the same name
nr functions by this* Constitution provided
f.»r, and shall have force and lie executed,
perfected and jh*i formed therein and there
by, a* follows, and not otherwise, to wit:
Final judgments, decrees, proceedings !
and act- fully executed and performed, or j
not requiring performance or execution,
shall have full force and effect as though
no interruption had taken pla.-e in the
legal succession of said courts and offices,
except, ns herein otherwise provided. Pro
ceedings not fmal and judgments and de
crees not fully executed or performed,
shall proceed ami he performed in such
cases only, as this Constitution, or the
laws made in pursuance thereof, confer
jurisdiction and authority over the eau.-es
of actions on which said eases, judgments,
decrees, or proceedings, civil or criminal,
arc founded: ProvUlrrl, that all said
lUdgimuits. decrees mid nroc-edings shall 1
in* TOifjClt r«T* ru~r n-im »n ? . 1
vacated, by proceedings in the several j
courts having custody of the records, as *
though they were the judgments of said
courts,and shall l>e subject always to be ex
plained as to the me&niug of the word dol
lar or dollars, as used in the same, ami no
motion fora new trial, bill of review, or
other proceeding, to vacate any judgment,
outer or decree, made siuee the 19th of
January, 1861, by any of said courts for
fraud, illegality, or error of; law, shall l*e
denied, by reason of the same not having
been moved In time * Provided, said mo
tion or application is made in twelve
months from the adoption of this Consti
tution.
VII. The books, papers and proceedings 1
of the Inferior Court shall be transferred
to, and remain in the control, of the Or
dinaries, who shall perform the duties of
said Courts, until otherwise provided by
law. The books, papers and proceedings
of the County Courts, and the unfinished
business thereof, shall lie transferred to
the Superior Courts, and the same shall be
finished aud performed by the said Supe
rior Courts and the officers thereof, in such
cases, and in such cases only, as the said
Courts are, by this Constitution, or the
laws made iu pursuance thereof, granted
jurisdiction over the subject-matter or
debts ou which said cases and judgments,
civil or criminal, are founded.
VIII. The cases peuding, aud the judg
ments had and made, in the City Courts
of Savannah anti Augusta, and in the va
rious Justices’ Courts in this State, shall
; be finished, and the judgments performed
! by the City Couris, and officers and Jus
j tiues provided by this Constitution, in such
, cases, and such only, as by this Coustitu
j tiou jurisdiction is given to said Courts
and officers, over the causes of action on
■ which they are founded.
IX. The proceedings of
Courts, and acts of officers within their
jurisdiction, as provided by law, shall be
valid, notwithstanding the Judges of said
Courts or the said officers, were appointed
l by the military authorities of the United
' States, and any of said judgments, or act 9,
j or proceedings made, or done, under or by
; virtue of, or in accordance with, the orders
i of said military authorities, duly made,
■ are as valid as if done under a law of this
\ State.
X. These several acts of confirmation
shall not be construed to divest any vested
right, nor to make any act criminal,
otherwise not criminal, but they shall be
construed as acts of jieace, and to prevent
injustice: Provided, That nothing in
this Constitution shall lie so construed
us to make valid any acts done by, or
before, any such de facto officer, which
would, by legalizing such acts, render
that criminal which was not criminal
when done, or cause any act not legally
criminal, when done to become criminal,
by giving validity to such act after it was
done; hut nil such acts shall be held by
the Courts to tie null and void.
XI. Should this Constitution be ratified
by the people, and Congress uecept tlie
same wit li any qualifications or conditions,
the Government herein provided for, and
tiieotllcers elected, shall nevertheless exist
and continue in the exercise of their sev
eral functions, as the Government of (his
State, so far as the same may be consist
ent witli the action of the United States
iu the premises.
The ordinances of this Con vention on
tlie subject of the first election, and the
first General Assembly, shall have the
force of laws, until they expire by their
own limitation, and all othetgOrdinances
of a mere Legislative character, shall have
the force of laws, until otherwise provided
by the General Assembly.
ARTICLE Xir.—AMENDMENTS TO
THE CONSTITUTION.
1. This Constitution may be amended
by a two-tliird vote of two successive Le
gislatures, and by the submission of the
amendment to Unqualified voters for final
ratification. But tbo General Assembly
shall not call a Convention of tlie people
in tiie election of delegates to which any
person, qualified to vote by this Constitu
tion, shall be disqualified. Aud the repre
sentation in said Convention shall be based
on populaiion. Nor shall tiie right of suf
frage ever be taken from any person quali
fied by this Constitution to vote.
J. It. f’ARBOTT,
President Georgia Constit’J Convention.
Atte-t:
P. M. BHKIBLEY,
Secretary Georgia Constit’l Convent ion.
Atlanta, Ga.„ March lii, 1868.
I hereby certify that the foregoing is a
correct copy of the Constitution, ordained
by the Georgia Constitutional Convention,
and adopted as a whole, by that body, on
tiie 11th day of March, 1068.
P M. Siieihley,
Secretary of the Convention.
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THE PATENT
ARION PIANO FORTE,
MANCFACTOEV AND WARtItOOM.S
187 and 189 Bowery, (above Delancey,)
new York.
MANNER & COMPANY,
Having secured letters patent on their valuable improve
ments on Pianos and added largely to their previously ex
tensive facilities for manufacturing, are now prepared to
furnish to the trade, or at retail, their
GRAND SQUARE AND UPRIGHT
PATENT IRON PIANO FORTEB,
Which they offer with ail the usual guarantees, In compe
litiou with the Hteinwaj, Chickericg, or any other firs:-
cl&st Piaiio, belieYiog a> they &o ihai the Axiom i* superior
to aiky other.
Read below the article from the Brooklyn Daily Times.
Mr. Abbot, orgar.ist of the Church of our Saviour, says
of the Avion :
Main. Manser A Cos. r
ti*i e« played apon one of your Arion Piano Fortefi, and it
afford* me much plewßure to add my testimony in favor
of your superior iiuirumenu. For elaaticity of touch, for
the finylng ijualily, so much sought for hv artists, and
for nchueas mod purity of tene it is unexcelled by any
Piano I have ever u ed.
J. M. ABBOT,
Organist Df the Church of the Saviour of Brooklyn, N. Y
Prof. Jobs W. Hbsbt Ca boll, editor of the American
Educational Monthly, fays :
** Listen, however, to one of another .-las*, for ex
ample, oiof the Arion Pianos made by Mam er a Cos.
Bow your head as the ba»s sends forth its riches, clear
aad unbiurred; obs*rve the sieging, swelling melody
that in its middle octaves so wondrouniy represents vo
cal expression, and which predominates' above evt'n the
silvery brilliancy of the upper treble Then reflect that
th** is \ scientifically constructed durable instrument,
and if you have at borne an o-dinary, fourth-rate f iano,
se beau y of lo::e had vanished sooner than the lustre
of its varnish, cbtflr not your child for lack of expression,
nor wcnler when your wife is playing that she seems to
have no soul. The mtrumer.t s* well as the performer,
must have power of expveaston; a piano, it may almost
be Mud, *» Well as a tin rr, must have a sou!.’•
From “(The Brooklyn Daily T»in*-s
“ s*y that the Anon Piano Fort« is a very e!e
ga t tasunoeui of the largest class and very highly fin
h'hed. Musically, it has a full,deep, rich tone, anil the
most powerful that we have tver listened to. It h*s in a
higher degree than any piano that we have met with, the
sineing quality or character, that musicians so much seek
fur fa a piano. Th*- baas notes reminding you of the deep
toned notes of a large organ. The Middle Octaves are
more elastic and clear than in most other pianos, swing
1 “-“-HR** arrangement# o**l I ghaJi apeak of hereafter,
, upp*-r or Errfue note# ponaeas unu pure, dirti&ri,
befl-nke clearness, that is so necessary to the correct
rendering of difficult pieces of music, and that also lends
such a charm to melo ly. The Arion gcale is from Ato C ■
so as to meet all the requirements of mu Jem mu-c*
which a seven octave piano will not do.
“To obtain power you must have strenrth. We hare
attained this a. the peculiarity of the frame before alluded
‘E thr S* - v s *J ,ar m *- h * 3 ir.clioo and on a line
with the heavy »teel stringing under the “ overetmng bass
Tl*ia bar sawin* beneath the atrmginy, and running diag
-IT* H from theflriot riprtit-haDd corner, to the back left
hand corner of the case, give* strength * here most need
ed and where m st other pianos fail, in fact it might not
insptljr be teemed the »p!t,e or backbone of the piano
•• They stand in tune longer than other pianos, ta effect
which we are again enabled by the peculiar shape of oor
iron frame, to use aiiort pins so that the piano is strung
close to the wrest-plsnk : thus almost doing away with a
leverage strain on the toning pin, which in some pianos
it at least three quarters of an inch above the pin, causf
ing the pin to loosen, and often bringing it in contact with
the iran plate. The construction of the wrest-plank has
also a greet advantage over those of other pianos, in be
ing formed of four sections of hard wood laid horizontally
sad firmly glued and fastened, the grain of esch section
crossing the grain of the one next to it In a different Itne
or direction. Bo that the tuning pins hsve the pressure of
the end wood against them in every direction, making it
impossible for the pin to loosen itself a. it does where it
has a pressure against the sides of the grain, as it has in
all other pianos. This, too, prevents tbe splitting of the
wrest-plank.
“ The construction of the case and the combination of
the iron frame therewith, we also claim as being new and
impioved. The ieftiower end of the frame being ImL.td
| Jed or set In the solid wood, or we believe (to ues a tech
neebleal term) butted against the wrest plaDk, at a point
and on a line just inside of the Itne of Uie tuning pios, by
which means first, great additional strength is gained,
second the fr <me being so sunk in the wood, allows the
stringing (as befote described) to be close to the wrest
plank, and third, the great desideratum so long sought for
by the trade, a full iron Trame without a possibility of the
tuning-pins coining in eentact with it, is gained.
44 ® ur agraffe arrangement is another great improve
ment, effected in a simple but superior manner. A hollow
bar, cast with the frame and opening on the under side
and extending along the line of the tuning pins, has fitted
into it a reversed wooden bridge, in which the hridge-pir s
are inserted This reversed bridge, being a trifle lower
than the wrest-plank, gives an upward as also a side-hear
ing to the strings, and by th s admir.ble arrangement an
agraffe is obtained that gives a firm position to the strings
that no blow from the hammer can displace. A similar
plan on an Iron bedding has been before attempted, but
always in connection with tbe complicated under-damp
ers, which invariably become* displaced and out of order.
•• In the Arion Piano we use the Bret oil damper, uni
versally acknowledged as the best, acting from their own
weight alone. They are firmly hinged, and can move
neither to t e right nor to the left, but only in the direc
tion requir'd. Thus it will be seen that our agraffe ar
rangement is complete, nut only in i.eelfbut in aiiits con
ection with other parts of the action
“ With other agraffe now in use, there are several dif
ficulties that c .mot be remedied. First, the wire strings
ran throng' an e , e j n th e top of a serew, or pill, and
must fit th eye exactly, or it will create en unpleasant
bulging -and. The same difficulty is apt to occur when,
from c .istani using, the strain upon the airing lessons in
IU a 1 e, or the constant vibration on the Inside oftlitcye
we . s the ej e larger. 9
•The screw or pin, too, for Me same reason (constant
vibration on It) will at times become loose and cause an
unpleasant jarring to the chords. None of these disad
vantages can happen to the Arion agraffe.**
We hare abovf given Mr Manner's claims for the supe
riority of Uie arrion nano Fortes, and Ms objections to
other pianos, in nearly his own words, and he was very
ready to take os throughout the factory and explain all
the different dep&itments of it to us. We had a fair
chance of Judfrngof its roerits,‘and think theoiaims of the
Arion are well based, it is at Das* one of the very best
pianos before the public—[Brooklyn baiJy Tunes
All of our Fiani s will be finished with the new self
acting prop stick lor holding up the top of the Piano.
The patent for which, as also the patent for the Arion, is
owned hy us exclusively.
Bend for Illustrated Price List.
MANNER k 00., 197 and 19# Bowery,
New feu.
J. W BURKK, Macon, Ga., Agent for the State.
Nov 15 6tu
A. O. BACON. T. J. SIMMONS
BACON & SIMMONS,
Attorneys at Ijaw n
MACON, UEOKOIA,
WILL practice In the Courts of Macon Gibc tit,
and in ILe I’nitku States Courts at
Savannah and Atlanta
Prompt attention will be given to all business
entrusted to their care.
**-Office, 57 Third Street, on the same floor
with llalslon’s Lull.
Sept 11-ts
Sash, Blinds,
DOORS, &C.,
FOR BALE AT
LOWEST MARKET PRICE,
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GRENVILLE WOOD.