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GEORGIA JOURNAL &MESNGESER
MAI ON, TUESDAY JUNK S, ISBB.
THE LIBOR PROIiLBM ALA I'M.
We find an almost unanimous response,
on the part of the journals of the South
that have spoken on the subject, to the
proposition laid down in this paper with
reference to the substitution of Chinese
for negro labor. It is a question whote
solution will soon be upon us, and that
wili demand prompt consideration aud
speedy action. Every planter who hired
hands this year knows how difficult it was
for him to procure not alone the quality,
but the quantity he desired, and there is
nothing happening to assure him that
those difficulties will be anything but
aggravated next year. If the system of
large plantations and numerous laborers,
all working under one head, is to stand—
aud only that system, we maintain, can
keep the cotton crop up to average
figures—the labor to cultivate them must
come from somewhere else than the negro
ranks.
Os course, it is freedom that lias disor
ganized tiiis labor aud forced the Chinese
problem upon us; but we do not quite
agree with the New Orleans Commercial
Bulletin in holding the mere fact of
emancipation wholly responsible for the
evil. We think ttie billot aud office hold
ing lias vastly aggravated it. The ne
groes, huudieds of them, who, before
they could vote, were conteut to stay on
the plantations, are uow flocking to the
towns and cities to imitate the whites,
and push, and scramble, and intrigue for
otlice. 1 liis has increased fearfully of
late, and for every negro who gets an
office there will be ttiree or four, possibly
half a dozen, quitting the country and
coming to town to catcli some of the same
good fortune. Turner’s appointment, we
have not a doubt, lias done more harm in
this respect, in this section, than any
thing that could possibly have happened.
r I hey can’t all be Postmasters, hut with
their ignorance they may fancy that he
has numerous places to give away. Our
idea is, that simple emancipation was, as
to its elfects upon the negro as a laborer,
compared with emancipation and the bal
lot and office holding, as variola is to con
fluent small pox. This is incidental,
however, and merely in line of comment
upon the position assumed by the Bulletin.
'i lie Bulletin’s article is prefatory to a
notice of a Chinese Immigration Com
pany rtcently established at Hi. Louis,
which proposes to bring Chinamen from
the Pacific coast of California by the Pa
cilic Railroad, and to enter into contracts
with planters in the South for a supply of
laborers. Major F. H. Hanks, an agent
of the company, and now canvassing for
it in Alabama, has made recently some
very interesting statements in connection
with this enterprise, which we append :
The solution of tlie labor question is
most readily and successfully found in the
vast and overflowing population of China,
the cheapness of coolie labor, the peculiar
adaptedness of that race to the climate of
the South and to the production of South
ern staples, and in tiie cheap and conve
nient transportation afforded by the Pa
cific Railroad. 'J his road is now com
pleted from the Mississippi river to San
Francisco,and this company is now ready
to correspond with Southern planters in
reference to furnishing Chinese laborers
for their plantations.
There are in California hetweeu two and
three hundred thousand Chinamen at the
present time, and many more are con
stantly arriving from across the Pacific.
We wish to begin the transportation of
them to St. Louisas soon as practicable,
and to have a large supply of them on
hand in time for the crops of next year.
In answer to the principal inquiry in
regard to the introduction of Chinese
labor to the South, (we mean cost,) we can
only say at present that we estimate the
expense of transportation to Selma at
about fifty dollars per head; the cost of
his labor at from four to live dollars per
month, and fed. ’n recommendation of
the coolie as a laborer, it may, in conclu
sion, lie slid that it is easy to make him a
permanent fixture when he once becomes
located, as lie can be contracted with
without any difficulty for a series ol
years together, as he is noted for his
faithful ami religious adherence to his
contracts.
As for the negmes whom the Chinamen
may replace, the Bulletin very justly
concludes, they will have no just ground
of complaint. If they choose to identify
themselves with civilization only by flut
tering like moths into its blaze, the utili
ties of civilization cannot afford to halt in
honor of their suicidal extinction.
M IT OF \KGROKS TO HK<’»\ Kit THE ESTATE
OF Til K lit FOII \l Kit >1 VS I'ER-THK VERDICT
AUAI.VIT THEM.
An important case, known as the Owen
Thomas will case, has just been decided in
the Superior Court at Columbus. A state
inent of the facts and the results of the
trial may not be uniuteresting. The
amount involved was at least $40,000.
The parties were Jas. K. Itedd, propound
erofthe will, vs. Sophia Hargroves and
M. W. Thweat, el. ala. caveators, and the
facts as stated by the Judge in his charge
are as follows:
On the 25th day of February, 1852, Owen
Thomas made and published a paper pur
porting to be his last will and testament,
and nominated Jas. K. Reed and Augus
tus Mow ard Executors of the same, and in
the 3d, 4th and sth items provided that a
certain number of his slaves, in all over
thirty, and consisting of men, women and
children, should lie carried to Liberia or
some other free State, foreign to Georgia,
into which they might severally elect to
go, and there be forever manumitted and
freed—they and their posterity; and fur
ther provided that all the rest of his prop
erty, consisting of lands, negroes, stock
anti crops, etc., should be sold, and the
proceeds be applied to the payment of
debts, to the defrayal of the expenses inci
dent to the execution of the will, to the
removal and subsistence of the negroes in
their new homes; and the balance to be
equally divided among such of the negroes
as were over eighteen years of age, on their
arrival at the place they might select for
tiieir homes.
On the 2Sth of Sept , IS6S, Owen Thomas
departed this life. Subsequently James
K. Redd, the Executor nominated in the
will, propounded the same to the Ordinary
Court of this county for Probate; when
tlie caveators, the only heirs at law of
Owen Thomas, appeared and filed their
caveat against tiie probate of the will, o
tiie following grounds :
Ist. Because srid will was revoked by
an act of the Legislature assented to the
14th Dee. 1859. to prohibit the frost mor
tem manumission of slaves. 2d. Recause
the will provided that Ihe negroes might
elect to go to Liberia or some other free
State. 3d. Because circumstances subse
quently occuriing have made it impossible
for the Executors to execute tfie will.
Upon hearing the case the Ordinary re
fused to «et up the three items mentioned
above ; hut admitted the bill to probate, as
to the other items therein contained.
From this decision of the Ordinary an
appeal was entered by the l’ropouuder,
and in this way the case comes before this
Court for trial.
The Judge’s charge was favorable to the
defendants, the caveators, and the jury
found the following verdict:
We, the Jury, find that every partof the
paper propounded as the will of Owen
Thomas, is void, except that part which
gives a legacy or bequest to Mrs Howard,
and tiie part which appoints James. K.
Redd and Augustus Howard Executors,
excluding the legacy to them, and we find
that these two parts are the will of Owen
Thomas.
The result, as stated by the Sun, is
to take the administration from J. M.
Thweatt, appointed by Ordinary Duer,
and give it to the surviving executor, J.
K. Redd, and besides the legacy to Mrs.
Howard, not a large amount, and the ap
pointment of the executors, no part of the
will holds good. Tiie bulk of the estate
then goes to heirs of Mrs. Thweatt and to
Mrs. Hargroves, unless the Supreme Court
overrules tiie decision, or some other
course is taken. The case will be carried
|o the Supreme Court.
ÜBMtUU EDITORS ON THE FBMCE.
We have been particula-ly requested to
call the attention of the Georgia press to
the matter of some legal provision to dis
pense with farm feueiug aud to ask an
expression of views upon the sutject.
Mauy highly intelligent farmers consider
the proposition one of the most important
uow before the people, aud they believe
the more it is thought upon and talked
about, the greater will be the interest and
unanimity of opinion upon the subject—
so that the very next Legislature of Geor
gia may feel authorized to initiate the re
form—at least in mauy of the counties of
the State-.
Why, then, should we not reverse the
existing policy, and fence in stock instead
of fencing it out f Does the value of the
wild grazing to the small amouut of gen
erally inferior stock iu Middle Georgia, for
illustration, justify the enormous annual
outlay in keeping up the almost countless
miles of fencing which now inclose the
cultivated fields of Middle Georgia? Will
it not he far better for every plauter to in
close pasture land for his little flocks or
herds, iustead of inclosing his large area
of land iu cultivation? Jf land could be
cultivated without fencing, how much
better would he the system of rotation and
resting! By dispensing with fences the
farmer would tie enabled to select his
gleiies from any part of the piamation at
will, and pick out here aud there the best
spots for his cotton aud grain. Now this
fencing often compels him to cultivate
land which he wouid gladly suffer to rest,
but he has no time to remove oid feuce
or erect new ones. His fences cost him
more than his fertilizers ard manures—
more than his taxes. Writers say that
Georgia expends annually millions of dol
lars on fence iucloaures. Is it not better
to provide by law that no stock shall he
suffered to go at large ?
We ex tract, as above, from a recent issue
of the Telegraph. We have not devoted
much thought to the subject, but so far as
our conclusions have beeu formed, we en
tirely coincide with our cotemporary. It
seems to us that there should be but one
opinion on the subject, especially in those
sections where the supply of fencing tim
ber is each year growing more and more
scant. That there is a difference of opin
ion, though, we have proof in the follow
ing communication, taken from the last
issue of the Covington Enterprise. Sev
eral contributions upon the subject have
already appeared in that paper, and iu the
next column to the one containing the ar
ticle printed below, is a very forcible state
ment of the opposite side of the case. The
question is one that demands discussion,
and we hope to see it fully veutilated by
the next meeting of the Legislature. But
to the communication :
Mr. Editor .- —I see the subject of “fence
or no fence,” is now under discussion iu
your columns. We want tangible facts.
Reasoniugs may he deceptive. Inferences,
from opposing views strained, irrevelant or
puerile, words profuse, and type-setting
endless, without reach.ugjust conclusions.
Now I propose to please the printer, by
point, brevity and condensation, in pre
senting some things, not mentioned by
former correspondents.
First, so little meat is produced iu this
State, as to require large annual importa
tions of it, to supply our wants. Now if
cattle are denied ttie spontaneous products
of our unfenced old fields, natural mead
ows and forests, can we then keep as
many, and eat as many as we now do?
Aud if hogs are denied the “mast” of va
rious kinds, and the gleaning of our fields,
can we raise, and fatten as mauy then as
now ? Shall we gather our peas by band,
or lose all not thus gathered, during the
busy season of cotton picking, when a half
dozen or so of pork hogs would gather for
themselves, daily, as much as one hand
would gather, shell and house. The hogs
charging nothing for the service, Iliac
can’t be got oulof hirelings, at thatseason,
for less thau seventy-five cents, or one
dollar a day. The hogs fattening without
trouble or attention, and may be driven
from the field aud slaughtered at once, or
after a short period of corn feeding. Tins
is doue, year after year, by certain tliiifty
farmers, aud might be doue by all. Shafi
the improvident, thriftless, fenceless, hog
less, cowless, innovating farmer, cripple
and embarrass the thrifty, judicious, and
practical ones, and thus increase the great
est curse, (except political) now upon us,
of not making enough to eat?
But really, Mr. Editor, if our country is
so poor, as some call it, and if our future
policy is to have small farms, well tilled,
it would require more rails aud labor to
fence in than to fence out our siock, (the
poorer the pasture the larger the area to
feed a given number,) or we must keep
few, aud would starve them. For, if now
we can hardly feed our cattle four months
iu the year, what may be expected when
we have to feed them twelve months?
Our hogs, under proper management in
“harvest fields,” corn and pea fields, po
tato patches, forest gleanings and “mast,”
are fed little or none six mouths in the
year. How will it be after the change?
Next, think of the thousands of cattle
raised iu Southern Georgia ; their owners
ruined. No more fine herds driveu to
S nithern cities or elsewhere. Much of
the pine belt is unfit for tillage, and would
be denied to stock growers. Theu think,
too, how it would make your blood boil to
wheat are good. Some fields are extra,
see a Florida, Alabama, or Tennessee hog,
horse or oow, iu utter contempt of law
and order, coolly crossing the State line
into the proud Empire State, and rooting
potatoes or biting corn that did not belong
to them ; and all this just because the igno
ramuses over the line did uot have sense
enough to make laws against fences like
our folks. Fence Bail.
For the Journal and Messenger.
CROPS l.\ RARER.
Baker Cos., Ga., June 4th, 1869.
Mr. Editor : —Having seen several re
ports of the crops from this county, I have
concluded to give you my views atiiut
them. The corn crops are the poorest I
ever saw iu this section, and not enough
planted Oats, what there are, is very good,
and are uow being cut. The cotton is
small and backward from tbecoldand un
favorable weather we have had until re
cently.
What cotton that was planted early and
highly manured looks well,aud has plenty
forms, but the boll worm has made its ap
pearauce, aud is boring the forms, aud
will, in my opinion, ruin the crop. Last
season, when the worm first made his ap
pearance, a great many said grass worm—
that he did uot jump, nor did he have the
stripes, but he go tall the stripes and jumped
enough to eat up the crop, aud in my opin
ion he will do the same thing this year,
only sooner. lam an old man, fifty-eight
years old, aud never did anything but
farm. I have no bacon or corn to buy,
and therefore can write my views without
having an eye to the commission mer
chant. lam cultivating thirty acres in
cotton myself, with the help of my two
little daughters this year.
Yours, respectfully,
Franklin Bently.
The Florida Treasury Bankrupt.—
The Washington correspondent of the
Herald says that the Florida Radicals
have bankrupted the treasury of that
State. It appears that uuder the Gleasou-
Osborn dynasty bonds were issued to the
extent of $30,000t0 run the State Govern
ment. The money was raised and covered
into the State Treasury. The last Legis
lature authorized tiie issue of bouds at six
per cent, running thirty years, to the
amount of $500,000. They were to be ne
gotiated through the State Comptroller at
not less seventy-five cents on the dollar.
The present Governor, Reid, who seems
to beat loggerheads with the Legislature,
learning of their action, set about to
manipulate the comptroller so a-> to pre
vent the negotiation of the bonds. He not
only succeeded in this, but got the State
Treasurer to refuse to pay tue interest on
the $30,000 issued by the Gleasou-Osborn
factiou. The result is that the tstate Treas
ury is baukrupt, and the parties who
brought the first bonds are likely to lose
both principal and interest.
The Air Line Railroad.— A con
tractor on this road, tells the local of the
Atlanta Era that almost the whole twenty
miles under the contract are covered by a
working force. About three hundred
hands are now employed, and there is
little doubt that the grading will be com
pleted by the first of October—certainly
by the fifteenth. After that it will be but a
little time until the cars are running.
Thanks— To Hon Wm. Sprague, U. S,
Senator from Rhode Island, for copies of
his speeches in the Senate, on the “Tax
Bill;” on the “Civil Tenure Act;” on the
“Financial Condition,” and on the “Na
tional Currency.”
We have also to thank some unknown
friend for a copy of the Catalogue of the
Cumberland (Teun.) University, at Leb
anon.
GEORGIA JOURNAL AND MESSENGER.
STATE NKWs.
Tobacco Manufactory. —We paid a
visit yesterday, to the Tobacco Factory of
Messrs. S. H. Holland & Cos., on Marietta
street,aud were courteously shown through
the establishment by .Mr. G. W. Hall. ;
The building is of brick, oue hundred aud |
twenty feet in length, and forty feet iu i
width, aud two stories nigh. The raw
materia , of which Messrs. Holland & Cos. j
have about 90,000 pounds on hand, is re- !
ceived on the second fi.ior, where, after j
being assorted out aud piled according to I
grades, is sent down by means of dumb i
waiters to the first floor. Here it is re
ceived by the stemmers, who, after stem
miug it, turns it over to the rollers. From
the rollers it is placed iu small frames and
placed uuder a hydraulic ram, where, af
ter undergoing a pressure of aliout two
hundred tons, it is transferred to the screw
press aud boxed, ready for shipment. On
the second floor is a small room devoted to
the preparation of liquorice, dryiDgstcrus,
etc. On the first floor are two rooms for
drying tooaeco, underneath which are
basements seven feet deep, heated by a
stove. Messrs, li. & Cos., have one large
hydraulic press, six retainers, aud ten
screw presses. The boxes aie made at the
North. Why can they not be mauufac
cured here? Messrs. Hoi hull &Cos., have
cou racted witu Mr. B. H. Broomfield to
erect auother building forty by twenty
feet, to increase the facilities of their fac
tory. They are maiiutacturiug Holland’s
celebrated brands, ‘‘Cable Twist,” “Fine
apple Twist,” “Golden Age,” “ludiau
Queen,” and all other tine aud superior
brands. With seveiM hundred haudsaud
ample facilities, this firm will be aide to
keep pace with the rapidly iucreasiug
tradeof this market.— Atlan'u Constitution,
3 and.
Talbot County Money.— We have
seen some of this money, and must say
that it is well gotten up. The vignette is
beautiful, and the geueral appearance of
the hills highly creditable to tlie designer,
engraver aud printer. A. W. Bethuue,
Esq., Ordinary, we believe, is the author
of the design. Only So,ooo were issued, in
l’s, 2’s, aud s’s. The bills are signed on
the right by B. Curley, Treasurer, and on
the left by A. W. Bethune, Ordinary,
i’hey are redeemable in currency on the
first day of January, 1870, and a:e also re
ceivable in pay ment of all taxes due the
county. At preseut, they pass quite
freely at 25 per cent, discount.
[ Talbotton Gazette, 3d
Shocking Accident on the Atlantic
and Gulf Railroad. —About tour o’clock
on Tuesday afternoon last, a negro boy
was run over by the down freight Lain
near Gilmore’s station, aud instantly
killed.
The eugineer, we learn, states that he
observed something on the track ahead of
him, but supjxised it to be the body of a
Hog killed by the up train, and therefore
did not slacken speed. On nearing the
object lie discovered that it was a human
body, aud eudeavoied to stop the locomo
tive, but it was too late. The boy was
lying across the track, and the wheel and
cowcatcher ran on it, dragging it along
and crushing it into bits. So torn and
mutilated was what had a few moments
before beeu a liviug being that when tbe
craiu was stopped and an examination
made, it was difficult to tell whether the
fragments which lined Hie road forseveral
yards belonged to man or beast.
It was ascertained, however, that it was
the body of a colored bay about fifteen
years of age. He lived near the place
where he met his death, and for some time
past had been engaged iu hauling wood
for the railroad. It is supposed that he
came to the road and laid down, aud went
to sleep near the track, aud while in tiiis
state rolled upon it. When our informant
left,the mother of the deceased was engaged
in collecting his mangled remains.—Sa
vannah Mews, 3d.
Fine Wheat.—Judge Aiken left at our
office, on Tuesday, several bunches ol
wheat, specimens of the crops of the
Aiken family, all of which we pronounce
very line—and we are certain that tiiis
family will have biscuit for a long time to
come. The wheat crop surely is the best
raised in tiiis country for many a year. It
is so good that the most inveterate grutn
bler»are silenced. It is the first time in
our recollection that we have failed to
hear some complaint about the wheat
crop. — Griffin Star, 4 th.
Crops —ln our travels from Atlanta to
New Orleans, we traversed the States of
Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi
and Louisiana. From observation as we
passed along, aud from information de
rived from authentic sources, we are
pleased to state that the yield ot wheat
will be the largest aud best had for several
years. Notwithstanding the rust has
made its appearance iu s >me localities, it
is not apprehended that the yield or
quality of the grain will be materially
affected. From the great West we heard
glowing accounts of their wheat crop.
Corn, though backward, was looking fine
aud promising. Cotton was fully one
mouth behiud last year, and the cold
weather had caused much of it to die out.
The recent “hot spell” was bringing it out
materially. Clover was looking finely,
and in some sections we noticed farmers
cutting it. Rain was very much needed
to revive vegetation.
[.Atlanta Constitution, 3d.
Law Books at Auction.— At adminis
trator’s sale, on Tuesday last, in this city,
the law library of the Hon. Wni. C. Daw
son, deceased, was sold to the highest
bidder. The library contained near one
thousand volumes, principally valuable
law books; also, a number of volumes of
the Congressional Globe, and many valua
ble statistical reporis. The office and office
furniture were also sold, all at very low
prices. English Reports on Common Law
sold for $2 per vol.; Elliott’s Debates, com
plete, at 99 cents per vol.; Jacob’s Law
Dictionary, complete, at 89 cents per vol.;
other valuable books in proportion. Col.
Jas. L. Brown superintended the sale; C.
C. Norton, auctioneer.
f Greensboro Herald, 3d.
Gulf Mackerel, etc. —Some of our
merchants have this season been dealing
in anew variety of salt fish called Span
ish Mackerel, put up ou the Gulf coast iu
Florida; also in Pompano, put up like
mackerel. We have tried these fish, and
fiud them to he fully as good as the North
ern mackerel; iudeed, the Spanish seems
to be a more delicate fish than the North
ern mackerel, is less gross, and has a
cleauer appearance. The Pompano are
also as fine as any Northern salt fish.
There is no necessity forgoiug beyond our
Southern waters for fish as fine as the sea
can furnish, aud we are glad to learn that
the trade in these Southern fish is already
large and increasing. They are well ap
preciated by all who give them atrial, aiid
we believe that they are cheaper than the
Northern fish.
A Trip Among the Farms.— We had
occasion since our last issue to visit the
towu of Madison, Fla., a distance of about
45 miles from Thomasville. Traveling by
private conveyance, we had a fair oppor
tunity of noticing the crops along the
road, and although the weather was dry
and warm, taking all the difficulties of the
season into consideration, we thought the
corn aud cottou very well advanced. The
owners when asked, reported their crops
backward, but all seemed cheered by the
prospect of a very fair crop, provided the
caterpillar does not appear. We were grat
ified to notice immense fields of corn aud
oats, all along the road, the latter now
ripening for the sickle ; and while cotton
has by no meaus been neglected, the
farmers have acted wisely and planted for
an abundant provision crop. The dry
weather afforded opportunity to destroy
tbegrass, and it was pleasing to notice
that nearly all the industrious farmers
could boast of clean crops. Their stock,
like their fields, were in good couditiou,
aud should the season continue favorable,
farmers aloug that whole route will he
blessed with plentiful crops . Thomasville
Enterprise, 2d.
Seely Orders and Rice Obeys—Ex*
traordinary Impudence.— A few days
ago we published two letters, one from
Isaac Seeiy and the other from “Hon.”
J. W. Clift, both written from Washing
ton to oue L. U. Riee, route agent on the
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad.
Tiie oue from Seely, among other things,
said: “Should any of the bullies or boys
extend to you any iudiguity, withhold
their mail till the “cusses” apologize. If
they have no respect for you make them
respect the office you fill, ‘i have no doubt
tiie department here will sustain you, and
if they crowd you hard apply to have the
mail discontinued entirely
This advice from Seely who had nothing
whatever to do with the Postoffice, was, j
we thought, the consummation of impu- i
dence, but the action of Rice, as is showu
by the following letter, to carry out the !
views of Seely, surpasses it. Here is the i
letter verbatim et literatim, writteu twelve
days after Seely’s:
Route Above Valdosta 1
Dec 28 1808 /
PM At Valdosta— You will please no
tofy your town authorities immediately
that on my trips to-day through your ]
place a Piece of wood was thrown into my |
car by some person unknown to me
wounding me slightly I demand of them J
that this and other annoyances & petty
outrage be stopped if they are not I shall i
refuse to deliver the mail at yourstation ik
if needs be apply for a discontinuance
stopped of your office.
Respectfully yours
L. C. Rick
Route Agent WDAAURR
[Savannah News, Ath.
Miscegenation in Morgan County.
On yesterday evening we received the
particulars of a miscegenation affair in
Morgan county, and a shouting scrap?
whicn resulted from it. Iu Rutledge, a
small village of Morgan county, situated ■
on the Georgia Railroad, aoout Madison, j
there has lived for mauy years a man bjf'
the name of Willia ti Lawson, and his
family. Mrs. Lawson has for a long time
been iu charge of an eatiug house at Rul*
ledge, at which passengers on the Georgia
Railroad stop for meals. About three
weeks ago, Lawson, who is said to be an
idle, drunken fellow, bad a quarrel with
his wife and separated from her. After
leaving tiio house, which was the proper
ty of his wife, Lawson went to live with a
uegro woman aud her daughter, whose
house was within but a short distance of
his former residence, and cohabited with
the latter. This disgusting miscegena
tion was carried on in the most open and
unblushing manner, almost under the
eyes of Mrs. Lawson, and excited great
indignation among the people of the vil
lage. On two of these occasions, as if in
way of bravado, he paraded the streels
with his negro mistress on his arm, and
carried her with hitn to church. Natural
ly incensed at this first conduct, and de
sirous of ridding the community of so de
moralizing a spectacle, a party of men
went to the house of those women on last
Monday night, for the purpose, it is sup
posed, of warning the parties against a
continuance of their preseut manner of
living Arriving there, the men found
no one in the house except the womeiy .
Lawson having gone into the village. The
women became alarmed when they saw
their visitors, and commenced screaming
at the top of their voices. The noise was
beard by Lawson, who was drinking in a
bar-room at tbe time, aud he rushed to
the place to rescue his mistress Lawson
making an attack on the party as he
reached the house, a general melee en
sued, during which Lawson was wouuded
by a pistol shot through the body, the old
negress also wounded and her daughter
badly beaten. After this had been done
the [ arty left the premises aud no further
violence was offered. The people of Rut
ledge evidently do not bedeve in misce
genation.—Avgusta Chronicle.
The Improvements in Savannah.—
Much lias been written aud spoken about
the prosperity aud rapid growth of our
beautiful city, and this morning we pre
sent elsewhere a statement which must
couviuce the most skeptical of the truth
of the oft repeated assertion, that no city
in tlie South is increasing aud improving
in every way more rapidly than Savauuati.
The statement stiows that sixty-nine
buildings have been receutly erected or
are nearly completed, the total value of
which is $824,500, divided as follows.:
Niueteen three story, thirty-three two
story brick dwellings; three four, two'
three, and five two-story stores ; two two
story trained dwellings; one foundry;
oue chapel, one school, (both erected by
the Catholic Church,) and one cotton
warehouse.
Property which, when erected, will
amount iu value to $170,000, will he com
menced at an early day. In addition to
the buildings mentioned, there are about
twenty-five or thirty small houses of brick
and wood being constructed, ranging iu
value from two hundred to two thousand
dollars—the aggregate value of which is
about $25,000. All of the improvements re
ferred to do not include the immense num
ber of small buildings lately built and go
ing upon the outskirts of the city. The
total value of improvements completed,
nearly completed and about to be com
menced, is $1,019,500.
[Savannah News, 4 th.
Railroad Case. —ln Fulton Superior
Court yesterday the case of Mathews vs.
the Western ami Atlantic Railroad was
tried aud the jury rendered a verdict in
favor or the plaiutitf for $5,000 for cotton
burned while being transported by defend
ants. N. J. Hammond appeared for the
p aintilf, aud P. L. Mynatt for defendants.
[ Atlanta Constitution, 4 th.
Another Fire. —Another fire occurred
at this place on Tuesday night, bet ween 11
and 12 o’clock, consuming the stables of
Capt. John T. Wingfield aud the black
smith shop of Mr. Lofreuzo Smith. Tw
mules and one horse perished in tbe
flames. The loss is estimated at about
12,000 or $15,000.
it was no doubt the work of an incen
diary, and it behooves our citizens to be'
vigilant and watchful, and ferretout these
fiends of the torch.— Wash. Gazette. 4 th.
Death from Exposure and Want.—
About five weeks ago a colored man,
named Robert, who was sick and had an
abscess in his shoulder, made his appear
ance at a house at Mr. Chappie’s brick
yard, on the Louisville road, about two
miles from the city, occupied by a colored
man, named Gus Horn. Gus had an un
occupied room of which he allowed the
sick man to take possession. After lie had
occupied the room sometime, Gus became
anxious to get rid of him, on the alleged
ground that lie was very filthy and emit
ted ail odor which rendered the whole
house uninhabitable. About a week ago
the sick man left hit room for a short
time, when Gus closed and fastened the
door, and carried his clothing to him,
where he was lying on the ground, in the
bushes near by, Qnce which time nothing
appears to have been heard from him un
til Wednesday, when he was found dead,
lying near the place where Gus gave him
his clothing.
Dr. T. C. Harden held an inquest yes
terday iu view of the dead body, and the
jury, after hearing the testimony, found
“That the deceased came to his death from
sickness caused and hastened by exposure
aud want while lying in the open air.”
[Savannah Republican, Ath.
Stock and Bond Sale at Augusta.—
The banking bouse and assets of the City
Bank of Augusta were sold on Thursday.
The house brought $15,115, aud fifty
shares of Augusta Factory stock sold at
from $159 to $162 a share ; city of Augusta
bouds, SSOO each, at from 90 to 90} ; forty
citv of Macon bonds, SSOO each, at trom“B
to 80; uiue Memphis and Charleston R.
R. 7 per ceut bonds, SIOOO each, at from
884 to 89}; three Macon and Brunswick
R. R. 7 per ceut. bonds, SIOOO each, en
dorsed by the State, at 87}; forty-eight
Muscogee R. R. 7 per ceut. bonds, SSOO
each, 89} to 90} ; twelve other bonds, SSOO
each, of same company, at 93; ten 6 per
cent. South Carolina R. R. bouds, SSOO
each, at 77; forty-eight shares of 8 per
cent, preferred stock Mobile and Mont
gomery R. R., SIOO each, at $26.50; and
on one hundred and five shares of South
and North Alabama stock, SIOO each, at
from S2O 25 to $20.50.
Dougherty Superior Court.— At the
request of the members of the Bar of this
Court, and on account of the conflict of
its regular term with that of the Supreme
Court, Judge Clark has ordered au ad
journment to the third Monday in this
month —the 21st instaut.
Early County Crops —Blakely, Ga.,
May 29 th, 1869.—The crops in this county
are somewhat backward, owing to the
heavy rains that fell duriug the month of
April, together with very cool weather
duriug that mouth. They have, however,
improved very much for the last ten days,
especially the cotton crops, which, with
some exceptions, is quite promising.
Considering the backwardness of the
spring, the coru crop is as good as usual at
this season of the year. The weather for
the last two weeks has been very favora
ble for the cleaniug out of the crops, and
the farms are now clean and in excellent
condition. A little rain would be bene
ficial just at this time, The corn crop is
much smaller thau usual this year, as
compared with the amount of labor em
ployed, while the cotton crop is much
larger, which, I fear, will not be for the
best another year, as corn is now selling
at $1.2-5 per bushel, and is scarce at that.
The crop of sugar cane is considerably
larger than usual this year, and I believe
is better than I have ever seen it in this
county at th s season. There is a large
breadth of laud planted in ground-peas,
which are looking tolerably well, except
the stand, which is by no means good.
[Cor. j Cambridge Argus, oth.
Upper Georgia Crops.—ln our imme
diate counties, while everything is back
ward, the prospects for a fair yield of
wheat are good. Some fields are extra,
but in others tiie head is short ; no rust of
Harvesting will commence
in a few weeks. Oats hack ward; great
deal sown ; prospect not flattering, though
the yield will, by no means, he small.
Clover aud grasses looking well; mow
ing commenced. The hay crop is becom
ing important iD this section, the lands
being admirably adapted to its culture.
Corn is behind terribly; but with a fair
season there will be plenty made to beep
up a lively trade next winter aud spring
hetweeu our town and the corn buying re
gions below. — Dalton Citizt n.
Convicts for the Macon <k Bruns
wick Railroad. —On to-morrow morning
a frtsh batch of prisoners, rt-ceuily e n
vicUdof various crimes, under tbe laws
of the State and City, will leave for tiie
Macon & Brunswick Railroad, on which j
they will labor until their time of servi
tude expires, in accordance with the terms
of the contract entered into some time
since by the City of Augusta, the county
of Richmond and firm of Grant, Alex&u- j
der <te Cos., contractors on the Railway
above mentioned.— Chronicle A- Sentinel, ,
6th.
Accident.— On yesterday morning Glas
cock Barrett, a little boy about five years j
of age, the son of Mr. \V. Hale Barren, of j
this city, while [flaying on the staircase iu ;
hi< parents’ residence, fell from the ban is j
ter to the floor, many feet below. An ex
amination afterward proved that one of 1
the child's legs had been broken in two !
places below the knee by the fall.— lbid.
The Crops —Oats, in some fields, are
being cut, ard in all are rapidly maturing.
They are not tall, but very sou ml and
good. Somesuint, however, among them.
Corn is several weeks later than usual,
in some localities, but is growing rapidly
We have seen a few tassels and silks, and
hope to see roasting ears plentiful in our
market shortly, from the fields of our
farmers.
Cotton is recovering from the effects of
the cold Spring, and, with a continuance
of the preseut warm weather, will soon he
in a flourishing condition. Some of this
plant, in this county, is two feet high, aud
full of forms
All the rattoon-cane we have seen was
destroyed by the freezes iu April, hut thaC
from the stalk looks well. The crops gen
erally, with but few exceptions, are per
fectly clear of gra sand weeds, aud are
well plowed.
We are having occasional showers of
rain.
We have heard nothing more from the
caterpillar, and are disposed to believe the
reports concerning it greatly exaggerated,
especially iu regard to the plantation of
Col. Williams, near Tallahassee. The la-t
F'ioridiau is silent on the subject.
[Dai abridge Argus, 6th.
The Steam Factory.— We paid our firs
visit to this establishment yesterday, and
it gave us pleasure to find it in full run in
every depart ment. Though uot ou so ex
tensive a scale as the “ Eagle & Piieuix,”
all its machinery has beeu well selected
and is admirably adapted to the turning
out of excellent work aud the economical
operation of the factory. Everything runs
as easily aud smoothly as it is possible for
diversified machinery to work. This os
tablishment does not yet make cloths, hut
its yarns ami thread are of the very hist
quality- It also manufactures rope on a
large scale and of superior strength and
compactness. In this line it cannot be ex
celled by any factory in the county. The
Steam Factory is worked by an engine of
35 or 49 iiorse power, and it manufactures
fully two bales of cotton per day while in
full operation. It is quite a “snug” estab
lishment. — Columbus Enquirer, 6th.
A Decision of Interest.— ln our Su
perior Court, on Thursday, a promissory
note, which had been stamped, but the
stamp on which had not been cancelled as
required by law, was offered in evidence.
The counsel fur the defendant objected to
it ou tiiis ground, aud cited the law as
thus announced by Commissioner Rollins
in his compilation of “Laws ami Regula
tions concerning the purchase of Internal
Revenue Stamps” :
‘‘lt is not lawful to record any instru
ment, document, or paper required by
law to be stamped, or auy copy thereof,
unless a stamp or stamps of the proper
amount have been affixed and cancelled
iu the manner required by law ; aud aiicli
instrument or copy and tiie record thereof
are utterly null and void, and cannot be
used or admitted as evidence iu any court
until the defect has beeu cured as provided
in section 158,”
Judge Worrill concurred iu a decision
of a Massachusetts Court, to the effect that
it is not within the jurisdiction of Con
gress or the Federal Government to estab
lish rules governing the admissibility of
evidence in State Courts. The note was
therefore admitted as evidence iu the case.
[Columbus Enquirer, 6th.
DIVERSITY OF CROPS, Etc.
Editor Southern Cultivator: One might
have concluded that, after the uprooting
of our whole system of labor, and the de
structiou of nearly all our property, we
would have learned some wholesome les
sons from the past. At the end of the
war, for a time, the tide seemed to set in
the right direction—there seemed to be
general conviction that we must diversify
•our pursuits; devote more attention to the
■ grasses and cereals ; rear more stock ; cur
tail our planting operations; plant less
and do it more thoroughly; locate our
farm-buildings around the homestead,
that everything might be under the super
vision of the proprietor, etc. There
seemed to be a healthy change coming
over the minds of the people, and we felt
hopeful. The high price of cotton has
knocked up all these notions, and in alate
travel over an extensive field, from the
mountains to the seaboard, we have been
pained to see that the hoary despot still
sways his sceptre supremely. The virgin
forests are not only everywhere falling
under the axe, but the timber is deadened,
burned, and recklessly managed. The
old piue fields are agaiu being cleared up,
aud every knoll dotted with a freeduian’s
log hut, wattled garden, or brush fence
truck-patch, Expansion has come instead
of contraction; slip shod management in
stead of system ; scratching superficially
instead of deep plowing ; guano aud com
mercial manures instead of dung heaps,
aud chaos instead of order.
A great many of our friends seem to
think Agricultural Societies will reform
all this. Agricultural Societies, to do
good, must be the offspring of a healthy
agricultural opinion. They must grow
out of a necessity for reform—a conviction
and a determination to do it. In plaiu
English, the people must feel that there is
money in it, or the whole thing will end
in humbug, filling the pockets of a few
fancy breeders, aud begetting a taste for
show and parade which costs mote than
it comes to. it is very ridiculous to charge
our people with a want of sagacity or pub
lie spirit, because they don’t see the neces
sity of organization. Os all classes, the
agricultural is the least disposed to act in
concert, because it does not feel the neces
sity. Aud at the South, wTiere our popu
lation is sparse, aud every man lord of his
own manor, it is not easy to get up social
gatherings, at which farmers can exchange
opinions and compare notes. Around the
courthouse on sale days, at country store
houses, or about the church door on Bun
days, you will only hear farming matters
discussed amongst neighbors. Until you
can beget a taste for such social gather
ing—‘ farmer’s clubs,” where neighbor
meet to enjoy each other’s plain fare an
hospitality, aud talk over farm matter
for the love of the thing—it is sheer non
sense to talk of Agricultural Bocieties.
1 What will bring about this wholesome
reform jji the question which most con
cerns us. Whatever will induce the
people to think le-s of politics, and devote
more time to agricultural reading If
every man would take the Bouthern Culti
vator, he would become interested iu im
provements, less averse t > change of the
old routine, and more anxious to talk over
and compare notes wi ll his neighbors.
They would thus he enabled to sift the
wheat from the chaff, and to protect each
other from the many humbugs and clap
traps which embarrass beginners aud dis
grace the profession. If every reader of
the Cultivator would set his head to work
to get new subscribers, and now and then
write out his “notions” or experience for
your journal, he would get people to think
ing and talking and writing; then would
follow social gatherings and agricultural
societies, which would bear wholesome
fruit. Our climate is most favorable to
such a scheme—our tastes would soon in
cline that way. The only difficulty is the
sparseness of our population ; but we can
try. There is nothing like trying.
ACORN.
To Make Lands Produce without
Fertilizers. — Editors Southern Cultiva
tor: By a proper mode of culture, lauds
will produce astonishingly in the absence
of fertilizers. For instance, iu 1866, I
worked two negro women, 3d class hands,
aud made $l,lOO clear of expenses. In
1867, run two plows, fed three hands,
aud made 22 bales of cotton, weighing 500
lbs. each, and corn to last me twelve
months. In 1868, I run one plow, fed
two hands, aud made 7£ bales of cotton,
500 lbs. each, and 500 bushels of corn.
During these three years, I did not use a
pound of fertilizers. I used 22 inch solid
sweeps. I endeavored to top every stalk
of cotton io the field. I will give my
mode of corn and cotton culture hereafter.
Husband of the Disishekted Daughtkk.
Spalding County.
We shall he glad to hear further from
our correspondent. He will oblige us by
sending his name to this office.—Eds. So.
Cult.
OFFICIVI. PROCEEDINGS OF THE >1 tl'ON
AIU.IIGIMI RAILROAD.
Augusta, June 4th, 1861).
At a meet l ng of the Board of Directois
of llie Macon aud Augusta Railroad Com
pany, held a' their < ffiee this day, the fol
lowing rep >rt of tuo Kx-jcuiive Committee
was presented, read mai adopted:
To the Board of Dirt dors of the Macon
and Augusta Railroad Company :
Gentlemen —We, the committee to
whom was assigned by your Board the
duty of devisii g some plait and of caiTy
ing out a y oica.-ure which might com
plete the road to Macon, would most re
spectfully report:
An examination into the pecuniary af
fairs of tiie company developed difficulties
iu the way which had to be overcome ere
any successful negotiation could be opened
for the extension o; the road :
There wan found a floating debt of over
one buudr>d aud fifty thousand dollars,
aud a private stock list almost unreliable,
iu addition, ttie section of road in opera
tion between Camak and Miiledgevilie,
though managed economically by ibe
Georgia Railroad, was shown not to he
meeting expenses.
Uuder these discouragements an appeal
was first made to the Legislature of the
Brate of Georgia, which authorized an en
dorsement ot out bouds to the extent of
ten thousaud dollars per mile, hut exact
ing a first lien on tlie entire road. This
was impracticable, by reason of the first
mortgage of $400,000 already on tlie road
We then made application io the Georgia
Railroad for a like endorsement of ten
thousand dollars per mile. Under author
ity grauted by the Legislature this propo
sition was generously granted by its Board
of Directors, contingent, however, on a
ratification by their stockholders at their
annual meeting in May.
It affords us great pleasure to state that
this was unanimously granted by the Con
veution, and that there exi-Js no longer
any difficulty in raising money, by means
of this endorsement, and of putting the
road immediately under contract. Propo
sitions have already been made by most
responsible parties to complete tlie entire
line, furnishing the iron, chairs and
spikes, finishing the masonry, bridging,
grading, etc., making the road first-class
iu all resptefs—i aying, moreover, all the
outstanding debts of the company, re
ceiving as full payment therefor these
Georgia Railroad endorsed bouds with the
other assets of the company.
This arrangement, by which the com
pany can be relieved from all further lia
bility by which it can secure the building
of the road beyond doubt, and place its
securities at the highest market prices,
seemed so favorable that your committee
had fully intended to consummate the
contract, hut learning that some disaffec
tion existed amongst some of the stock
holders, we have considered it hut proper
not to incur the responsibility of acting
before referring the matter to your con«
sideration.
Your committee would respectfully state
that we have endeavored to tulfill the du
ties assumed by us. We have not been
idle, but have been met by the difficulties
shown, which required time to consum
mate. The recent act by the stockholders
of the Georgia Railroad in endorsement of
the bonds, will enable us, as before re
marked, to put the etriire line under con
tract. Our action in advance of their rat
ification would have been futile—this
being now obtained, we see no further
difficulties in the way.
Respectfully submi led,
[Signed] John P. King,
W. J. Magrath,
Geo. H. Hazlehurst,
Len. Conley, President.
Mr. Obear offered the following resold*
ti n which, having been seconded by Mr.
deGraffeureid, was adopted:
Resolved, That this Board, highly ap
proving the action of the Executive Com
mittee, appointed to arrange for com
pleting the road to Macon, and believing
the contract proposed is one very favorable
to the interests of the road, yet learning
that a convention of stockholders has been
called for the purpose of examining into
the affairs of the company, aud with the
earnest desire to preserve the utmost har
mony in the counsels of llie road, as well
as in deference to that body, we commend
an adjournment of this Board to a time
subsequent to the meeting of the conven
tion.
******
The above is a true extract from the
meeting of the Board of Directors of the
Macon and Augusta Railroad Company
held this day. J. A. B. Milligan,
Secretary.
[Augusta ConsHtutionalist, sth.
AX OUTRAGE AT THE DECORATION CEkfi
.MOXII.B l\ ARLINGTON.
The action of a lieutenant and small
guard of marines at Arlington yesterday,
in preventing people from throwing flow
ers over the graves of the Confederate
dead, is tiie subject of much talk here to
day, and tiie general sentiment is con
demnatory. It turns out that tiie officers
of the Grand Army of the Republic were
not altogether responsible for what occur
red. They merely arranged to have the
marines there so as to prevent people from
making mistakes, but mistakes were made
on tiie wrong side. Tiie marines misun
derstood what they were placed there for,
and thought it was part of their duty to
insult people who happened to throw
flowers ou the graves of the Confedeiate
dead. The lieutenant iu command, whose
name is given as Shirley, but of which I
am uot certain, was particularly offensive
in iiis manner. Seeing a lady throw a
small boquet on one of these graves, this
lieutenant rushed to the spot, picked up
the flowers aud, throwing them on the
ground at liis feet, commenced stamping
on them in such a manner as to attract
about him a crowd of wondering specta
tors iu a very few minutes. Some of tiie
lookers-on, learning tbe cause of the lieu
tenant’s rage, commenced to murmur dis
approbation, when the lieutenant shouted
out, ‘ D—u you get away from here, every
oue of you, or I’ll make you. Guards,
come up here and disperse this crowd.”
The lieutenant accompanied these words
with angry gestures, and swinging his
arms about as if he intended to pitch gen
erally into the crowd. His guards answer
ed his call, but the crowd dispersed with
out waiting to he bayonetted. An ex-
Union volunteer writing to tiie Washing
ton Herald gives the following account of
what he saw:
While marching witli tiie throng along
the central walk of tiie cemetery," accom
panied by several children whom I had
supplied with flowers, I noticed a crowd
aud a squad of several marines gathered
about a small plat in the grounds, to tiie
right of tiie walk, just to the north of the
littie foot bridge. We walked on across
the bridge, ami having given our tribute
to tiie dead, we returned. The crowd was
i still at the little plat. Four marines and
a sergeant, assisted at intervals by two of
ficers, were pacing up and down, not on
the walks, or between the graves, but lit
erally across the graves of some thirty
soldiers- Upon examination I found that
they were Confederate dead. Several la
die.-, evidently not knowing that they
were Confederates, and with no intention
of exhibiting any special feeling, quietly
placed their offerings upon the graves.
They were at once accosted by the guard*,
who compelled them to take them up.
Several gentlemen were treated in a like
manner. I saw oue Union soldier who
was forced to take back tiie offering he
had made to peace and forgiveness. An
ex-Union officer, well known to me, was
ordered to receive back a few roses that he
bad, without knowledge of the forbidden
ground, strewn upon the grave of one of
these soldiers Astonished, mystified and
disgusted, I as ted one of the guards the
source of the orders. H ; told me that
they came from the superintendent of the
cemetery, whose name I do not know.
The people demand to know fro n
whence these orders came, that the re
sponsibility may be placed where it should
rest. They demand to know whether a
subordinate can shape thus the policy of a
government, or whether the head of the
government aud the army has sanctioned
this act, and thus explains and interprets
his oracular “Let us have peace.” They
demand to know for w hat purpose were
these dead Confederates buried there and
how long they are to remain ? Was it
that they should be thus insulted, and are
they to remain there as long as our nation
Jives, to be on every anniversary literally
trodden under foot by tiie uniformed rep
resentatives of the government, pointed
out as an example that we will wreak ven
geance ever upon tiie bodies of dead ene
mies The course pursued at Arlington is
in strong contrast with that which pre
vailed in Alexandria yesterday. There
all the graves were honored alike, flowers
having been strewn upon Confederate aud
Union dead without distinction. — Wash
ington Cor. Herald , 31 st ult.
H -w the U. S. Keeps Faith With
Spain. —The New York Tribune claims
to have authentic information, and gives
detail thereof, of 21,000 of small arms and
twenty-two field pieces, which have
reached the Cuban insurgents, by the ex
peditions which have left this country.
IMPORTANT \DDIiKNS TO THE PEOPLE OF
UKOIIOIt 11Y COL. GKO A. LKKTKH, HOME
COMMISSIONER OF IMMIUR VTIO.V
Valuable Suggestion*.
Froui the Atlanta Constitution.
Atlanta, Ga., June 1, 1869.
To the People of (Jeorgia : I am prompt
ed by a sense if official duty, as well as by
a sincere desiie to benefit the State aud
people, to addre-s you in this form. Iu the
month of March last. 1 had the honor of
being elected Domestic Commissioner, un
der an act of the Geueral Assembly, enti
tled, “Ail Act to encourage Immigration
into the Stale of Georgia, aud the invest
ment of capital in lands.”
By tlie second section of the Act, it is
made my duty to faithfully devote myself
to the “encouragement of the immigration
of good citizens, laiioreis, artisans, me
chanics, etc., and to the investment of
capital in lands ”
My position lias thrown me into an ex
tensive- correspondence, with persons re*
siding in different sections of the United
States, upon the subject of immigration to
Georgia, aud the investment of capital in
her lands. Tills correspondence, together
with what I continually see in the news
papers, discloses the fad that the Northern
people have a settled impre-siou upon
their minds, that a general spirit of law
lessness and mobocracy prevails in Geor
gia—that lynching is either approved of,
or winked at by our people—that the civil
administration does not afford adequate
protection to life and property—that the
lives of men are destroyed on account of
their political opinions— that it is uot safe
for Northern men to reside in Georgia—
and that officers, courts, aud juries, either
from harmony of feeing with offenders,
or from indifference to ciime, will not
bring to punishment those who violate
laws.
’1 here is no just cause whatever for this
impression upon the Northern mind. I
well know that the great body of the peo
ple of Georgia are opposed to violence,
lawlessness, lynching, and mobocracy in
any shape, ami in every form.
1 know that they love law and order and
social quiet, and mo-al progress. Yet a
wide-spread impression to the contrary
exists, and is doing us incalculable dam
age. It is injurious to our reputation as a
State, and to our cha aider as a people. It
is an unjust impeachment of the integrity
of our Judges, the fidelity of our officers,
and t lie virtue of our juries. It very great
ly endanger ojr political rights, and if not
removed or counteracted, will constitute
an effectual bar to immigration, and hin
der all investments of n oney from abroad.
No man will seek a home wbe e bethinks
it unsafe to dwell. Ll is bootless todiscuss
the question as to how, or by what agency
tho-e improper and unjust impressions
found a lodgment iu the Northern mind.
Suffice it t<> say, that they are entertained,
aud are doing us injury, and greatly re
tani the prosperity of the Common wealth
Asa citizen of Georgia, jealous of her rep
ut ition, and siuceiely desiring the pros
perity ami happiness of her people, I want
these unfounded impressions removed. 1
want the Northern people to look at Geor
gia in her true light, and do her people
justice.
That acts of violence have been perpe
trated here, I will uot deny; but I do most
roundly deny, that the great mass of our
citizens have any sympathy with crime,
or give any approbation to lawlessness. I
freely admit that we haveiu Georgia, just
as they have every where else, rough, reek
less, hot-beaded, indiscreet, violent men,
wlio sometimes co.omit acts of violence,
aud perpetrate outrageous crimes; but
these men are comparatively few in num
ber, and are no correct type of Southern
character in general. The large majority
of our people are good, true and law-abid
ing. They deeply deplore every act of
crime and lawlessness, that bad men com
mit, and will, I feel confident, exercise
their power to bring to punishment those
who violate the law, and to prevent the
occurrence of crime. Now the question
arises, what can we do more than we have
already done to remove the hurtful preju
dices that areen tei tai ned or fostered agai ust
us ?
Many of the public journals, and the
judges in their charges to the grand juries,
aud the grand juries iu their presentments
and others in eiicular letters, have en
deavored to counteract these prejudices.
The railroad men of the South, (at the call
of Col. E. Hulbert, the energetic Superin
tendent of tlie Western and Atlantic Rail
road, which belongs to the State), have
met in Convention aud invited the people
of the North to vi*it and examine our
country, and invest their capital in the
ricii fields of speculation which our State
so invitingly presents, and to this end
they have reduced railroad fare to almost
nominal rates. The hotel keepers of
Georgia, and elsewhere in the South, have
also pledged a reduction of hotel fare,
l he planters, farmers and manufacturers
of the State, represented by their best
men, have also met in convention, and
extended a cordial invitation to the people
of the North and of Europe, to seek homes
and invest their money in our genial
clime, pledging to all who may come, a
courteous and hospitable welcome.
The Legislature of Georgia conforming
to, aud carrying out the popular will, has
passed an Act, elected officers, and appro
priated money for the express purpose of
encouraging the immigration of good c-iti
zeus, laborers, artisans, and mechanics,
and tiie investment of capital in lands.
Can it be said with any semblance of truth
or justice that we have done all '.his, to get
Northern men to settle here, simply that
we may have a chance to insult them, and
take their lives? Will any one preteud
that, all this trouble and expense, have
been encountered simply to induce North
ern men to invest their capital iu Georgia,
that we may rob them ot it ? The idea is
absurd. Men and property are as safe iu
Georgia, as anywhere on tiie globe. We
may do one other thing that has uot been
done, and I sincerely hope that our people
will make haste, anil delay not to do it.
Let public meetings be held all over tiie
State, and especially in those counties in
which lawlessness lias been most frequent
ly perpetrated. Let these meetings be
attended and conducted by best and most
influential citizens, aud let a solemn de
claration be put forth that we have no
sympathy whatever witli lawlessness,
crime, violence, or lynching in any form;
that we will not tolerate them u our
midst, nor will we give support or counte
nance to those who perpetrate them ; thai
the few instances of lynchi_ and other
acts of lawlessness that have occurred in
Georgia, shall he tiie last, so far as we are
able to prevent their recurrence; that no
citizen of auy color shall be molested, or
treated with violence on account of his
political opinions; that law, and the ad
ministration of law, shall be upheld aid
maintained; aud that full and complete
protection to Jife, liberty, and property,
shall be guaranteed and given to all who
now reside or may hereafter seek homes
in our midst, or invest their capital in our
State. Let all Grand Juries, composed as
they generally are of our best and most
intelligent citizens, also speak out on this
subject in their general presentments, aad
when we shall have done this, and shall
have faithfully endeavored to carry out
the resolves, all cause for prejudice against
us will be removed, and, in uiy judgment,
our troubles will ctase, anti peace, pros
perity aud happiness will smile on us
again.
With the earnest hope that our good old
I commonwealth may speedily enjoy her
i formei—aye, more than her lormer pros
j perity,
| lam your obedient servant and fellow
| citizen. Geo. N. Lester,
; Commissioner of Land and Immigration.
I ful'y and cordially concur with the
Domestic Commissioner in tiie foregoing
communication. Samuel Weil,
Foreign Commissioner.
I most fully and heartily concur iu tiie
recommendations made by the Honorable
Commissioner, and do most confidently
I Leiieve that the good people of our State
\ do deprecate the acts of violence which
i have occurred, and that it is iu their pow
er to take such steps as will make every
citizen, be he rich or poor, native or
foreign, black or white, secure in his per
sou, his property, and in the enjoyment of
his civil and political rights; and I do
earnestly recommend that tiie good peo
ple of our State give expression to such a
determination, and that they exercise their
moral and physical power to the end that
absolute security and peace may prevail,
bringing with them inevitable prosperity.
Rufus B. Bullock.
Beecher on Church Union.—Henry
Ward Beecher, on Sunday, preached
against the schemes of church union,
whether planned by Pope, Protestant or
Pagan, taking the novel ground that the
strength of the Christian religion lies in
tiie number of the existing denomina
tions. He hopes to see the sects increase
in number rattier thau combine, and pre
lers to have the Gospel preached by wicked
men rather than uot have it preached at
all. He did not claim originality for
these novel ideas, but showed that they
were in consonance with those of that
astute lawyer, Saint Paul.
Office or the State Auroi, t , and !
Atlakta, (Ja>
At the suggestion of mV,
Society and other corresiw?,?^ b * r * of „
lowing premiums, in a.lff n T' U.* £
the pamplet list, will t,e ««' Ui-V ,
fair in Macon, begi nuil
subject, of course, to the * N ° v smV
Executive Committee at jJ I pr °. T * 1 of,.'
time : w •**»ion h(l
L For the best, barrel of a,,..
Georgia nu * < -and in
2. For the best hwwVif gyra'poY <
Cane raised In Georgia' '
3. For the greatest yeid of s
acre of same Cane ‘ rui ’ |« r “ '
4. For the greatest yie'id 10
acre of same Cuue u -* r per u
The above premiums are n » 1 '
the recommendation of Mr R u 1 Or.
way, of 1 homas countv »,, ’ Hard.
Executive Committee ’ h of.,
letter that the sugar cron , in V*
(Jeorgia will astound Us ~, Nl uil, t .'
lives when the completion
from rtiomasviile to Alt, ai iv ’s
(hem an opportunity to «L ,h * n P»*
1 homas county now soil* 11 u t „
rels of Syrup. He says that
Georgia the Sugar crop is m ’ N ' UI,I ”S
ami certain than cotton. ‘ v v *lu* ►
i lie existing rules requiring,-,
turers and producers to gn - ?‘ r ,, nian'J»c
of manufacture and product!.
enforced as to the above aiid^n'y,)* lll •«
miu ms.
5. For the best barrel of Sugar from tK
Sorgho, or China, or African V
millet
6. For the best barrel of "sVYjY V"" 5..
same cane - * ,r °®
7. For the > icld\x r aVre of 4) *
from same cane ‘
8. For largest yield of Syt"up ,Yr u ",
same cane | 1 ' °>
The above premiums are
by Mr. Cofer.of Hoyl &CoT*' ,Wd
stated that continually increa.i, : "
higher latitude.* is bting attached
crop for sugar and syrup. 10111 *
9. For the best (Jin for ginning mr*,.*
long aud short staple cotton
Tnis premium is suggVted bv w*
Wynn, of W'arren couniy a J■ *’
manufacturer of Gins, if i* adoVV','
cause, as remarked by him the*, ,
now devoted to the im I ,.uveme ot %
staple of upland col tow, lias ahead , 1 *
duced an upland staple which re„„
order of O n adapted to the gi a JZ ?
much liner and longer staple 11an‘1*
common upland, and which wi‘|
same time, answer for ginning the,*
moil cotton. ** lUe
10. For the best Veloeipedist (rot pro
fessioual) 1
It. For tiie best Gymi ast, (not priiiuu ' l '*®
sional) .
13. For the second best of each
The above premiums are SU g gwW '*
Mr. 1 rue, ol Morgan, a member „• . '
Executive Committee, who say* u l4t a
He reasonable aud innocent Rtuu-eromr
the kind will not be out of place 1
13. For the best Dynamometer, t<> r
tested with Plows on the ground
This premium is suggested by Col fee
Ward, President of the Hulls Count v \,'
ricultural Society Rewrites thm'
trial of plows, it will be almost inq '
without such a lest, to decide betw
closely competing instruments.
14. For the best, large tho ough-boad
Filly, three years old »
This premium was accidentally omitt,
in the original published premium :
Attention was called to the omission i\
Mr. Hamilton, of Jones county, who \> v
properly insisted in his letter that as' n
premium for three year olds waYofltrwi
tiie classes of “Heavy Draft” and “Ai
work,” it would be an iuvidutiun ui.>.
tinction to omit it for thorough-br^b,un
less it w as the intention of the Commit;,,
to set a higher value upon “scrubs” than
“bloods.”
15. For the best Knight in a Tournament t ,
10. For the second best Knight u,
These premiums are suggested inap
tition of numerous citizens of Macon.
Several letters also from individual* [im
pose it. Persons competing for these pu
tniurns will be required to pay huiliaddi
tional entrance fees as the extent of the
necessary preparation for tiie jierfornmiice
shall, iu the judgment of tiie Committee,
require. If the contestants, as suggested
by Mr. Cawfield, of Albany, slisil mukei
larger purse by agreeing among theineelves
to pay twenty live or fifty dollars tail
and then electing their own judge*,who
may award I lie whole purse to the best
rider, or iu proportion to tiie best ami
second best liders, why, it is presumed
that no objection will be interposed by the
Committee. All knights wishingtoenter
tlie contest can at any time report their
names to tiie Secretary, and the sum they
propose to pay into the common fumilo
be contended for by the contributors A.i
details can he arranged when tiie time ol
meeting arrives.
17. The teachers of schools and college*
for females, In whom copies of the Fre
ni iu na List may not beeent will noticed.-
following premiums, (on page 13 list iu
Ordinary’s office:)
For best performance on Piano by the
pupil of any school or college for
girls-performance at Fair Ground, 20 0(1
For best performance under 12 year* of
age 10 00
18. The hard working hoys of the country
will notice the following premiums
on page 5, of printed lir-t:
19. For the largest crop of Indian Corn
per acre, by a white boy under 16
years of age, a Silver Patent-lever
Watch worth 25 '
20. For the largest crop of cotton, per
acre, by a white boy under 16 years
of aire, a Silver Patent-lever Watch,
worth £ tt
I call the attention of the Agriculture
Societies of the State to tiie resolution
tiie February Convention offered h
Judge Vason, to be found on page 61. 1
the Secretaries or Committees of County
Societies will report to me monthly, w
oftener, the condition of the crop*, the
state and progress of tiie tillage—the con
tinuation and effects of droughts or rail;
—tiie appearance of insects— with all curi
ous or striking facts or phenomena con
nected with agriculture, I could issue a
monthly bulletin through the pre-soft)
State that would lie interesting to farmen
in all sections of the State, because it
would speak as from ail sections of the
State at once, of tiie condition and pros
pects of tiie planting interests.
Why shall we Uot have at least this
work of co-operation to begin with ?
A large number of tiie Pamphlet Pre
mium Lists has been issued recently
through the mail to members aud other;
—comments Invited.
Those who have not received may ob
tain copies by application.
The press of tiie State will please pub
lish. David W Lewis.
Secretary.
[Atlanta Constitution, Hit-
At the late meeting of our Presbytery,
when the subject of Scripture was uno*.
discussion, Brother W. said early in “■’
ministry he and that brother were con
ducting a meeting in which there
much religious intert-et. An old m
gave expression to his joy by sbouun?.
and continued it until it began to ■
rupt tiie servi'e*. Brother H n* l
Brother W., ‘ Go, stop that old
noise.” He went to him ami spoke*'
words, and the shouting man at or ''
came quiet. Brother W. a-ked hr; _
H., *‘W hat did you say to the old man *
quieted him so promptly?” Broth-* ■
replied, “/ asked him for a do '
foreign missions.” — Rev. A. L. hog 6,itn '
Horrible Indian Ai kochies.- 1
Leavenworth (Kansas) Times and ;
servative say s tbat at the recent D-”‘‘
massacre ou Fussell Creek, the
and hearts were cut out of the d*a'l ' -
of the men killed, the calves of their
slit down and tied under !^e .‘ r - K . r .
pieces of flesh cut from their backs < P
of telegrapii wire stuck into tlx u i- 1 “ .
their ears cut off and their beads si ad _
John Park, D-puty United States
shal, reprorts that the Indians bone
hearts of these men for medicine.
Elder Sniffles’ ExpekienU
j Would you make them trustuo -
Trust them. Would you make them tr
1 Believe them. Elder Sniffles, ot -
England, tried this plan while P 3U
evangelical politics among , r , u lt:
brethren in South Carolina. >et e*
The elder without any boots, *n ~
darky servant explaining how s ” Aj
dem dar crows nius’ have jes’ donee
de boots away to make nests will-
Cartersville and Van Wekt
Road.—Tiie editor of the Adapts L<m
tution was glad to see, while in t ,
ville a day or two since, the go an r ,
ergies of the Cartersville and ' #u 0 f
Railroad Company. An efficient C” b
engineers Laving run the three
mental lines, are now actively eng*» e .
locating the permanent line prepaid
to immediate operations.
Chattanooga Wins.— From a di-T» u ( b «
published io the Atlanta intelligence ,
Saturday, we learn that Chattanooga.
a unanimous vote of the City
Cincinnati, has been designated
Southern terminus of the great boui
railroad from that city.