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f [VOL. ll.]
v v
AUGUSTA- PRINTED BY DANIEL STARNES * Cm. WEST END OF BROAD-STREET.
PROPOSALS
,r OANIIL STARNES St CO.
. tM/huf h Mfirftim « wmitf NtwSf+r
CITY OF AUGUSTA,
TO Bfc ENTITLED
jl/irror of the Times.
THE universal promulgation of
th IQ d the general diflribuiioo of know
rV’ |re objed* of the firft importance in
country where liberty h»» left trice*
!„,; r foi tftep*, under CTcry jovernment
h ; c h cot.fult* the happint** of Man
Knowktlfe,” said H>e Great Loid Bacon
.•apower,united with virtue ’ it certainly
i, liberty. Where ignorance reign* there
rce triumph* and defpotjft* govern*. A*
~n become! enlightened authority will be
limited ft morality restored—Knowledge ft
,i rl({ are the bale* of freedom—the one
jftruA* u* in oar right*, the other teache*,
our dutie*; the firlUhew* us how tocon-
Irud the belt pollible form of government,
the l»ft require* u* to obey it when conftrue
t(d Iti»therefore advantageou* every where,
(betin a htfMic it i* abfolu’ely eecefl'ary
thit corred information should be widely
djffufed and easily obtained : For thirt ’tie
hi ptt?h who govern. They never inten
tionally choose bad leader* or approve wrong
Tieafure*, yet they are liable to error—give
them true details and they will judge eor
j^] f _for on phi* *rtu*di the people al
•*yifromy*/i ipirtitm : whenever they tnif
uke their own interefls ’tie owing entirely
tt want of information iu the many or waut
ifboneftym the ft-w. But mt ii/vt po'iti
nlinformation is not to be acquired without
such labour, and few have leisure to study
>bt fyftemi, compare the opinion* and pe
nile the pige* of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon,
’lime ami Vittel. If an acquaintance with
llx true principle* of government and datie*
as a citizen could be arqu red only from
krge folio* ft ciiffufe treatile*, it would be
ftldoai fought or if fought, the plough, the j
bitchet, and the saw mu ft (land (till. Seme
cheaper and easier mean* of fatiafying curi
•fity and procuring inform tion must there
lore he looked for; and where i* intelligence
ilinpucf* and con vein* . ce united with more
advantage, than in the closely printed col
umn of the humble New*-paper ? Our
countnrmen appear so well cenvinred of
the uiefulnefa of peiiodical print* and have
(owry liberally enc. uraged them, that we
deem i' u< nrcelTary to insist bn their merit,
md ilmoll I chute to requefl public patron
ise for mother News-paper cftabliflmunt.
We tan promise little except what atten
tion, honesty ft industry cm perform. The
yrincipleaof our Paper, likeeur own, will be
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ill other* to enjoy.” Civil and Religiou*
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htwho will not extend the fame indulgence
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tor hit own, i* already Or dekrve* to be a
tare.
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kour pride—to encourage literature our
tttdeivjr—no communication* calculated to
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>q!fded. In a free country it i* neceflary
-bat the law ftioutd be neither vague nor
•»known, all public aeft* of the State leg-
I'ature, will therefore be pubiifhed a* they
tone to hand.
The MIRROR OF THE TIMES will be
•pen to t ii who can t>af, public measure with
lecency.and in examining the conduA of
tael'll dual*, „ officer* of government—it
, 1 A’, Ptrty hut my Cuuutiy, N,
Truth."
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HINSUN:
H. WILDE.
mu 4»i«
MIRROR OF THE TIMES.
Letter of the Min inter of Foreign
Affair* of France . M. Champagny,
to General Armstrongs Minister
oj the U. States , to Paris.
“ Altenburch, August tt.
** Sir— His majefly under
(landisg that you are about to
dilpatch a Clip to the United
States, commanda me to mak«
known to you the unalterable
principles which have arid will
regulate his conduct in the great
quell ion respecting neutrals’.
“ France admits the princi- j
pie, that the flag protects the !
trade* The trading veflcl which
carries the license of its govern'
ment may be contidered as a
moving colony : To insult
such a vcflel by (earch, pursuit
or any act of arbitrary power,
is a violation of the fundamental
law of colonization, and is an
attack upon the government of
the lame. Ihe leas belong to
every nation, without excepti
on ; they are the common pro
perty and domain of all man
kind.
“ Confidently with this doc
trine, merchant vclfe!* belong,
ing to individuals may pals by
< inheritance to pei lons who ne
ver exposed themselves to be
made prisoners of war. In all
her conquests, France has con.
fidered iacrcd private property
deposited in the warehoules of
the vanqui flied date, and such
have had the complete difpofa!
of matters of trade ; and at this
moment conveys by land of
merchandize and clpccially cor
tons, arc pafling through the
French army and Austria, to
proceed to the dedination com
merce directs. If France had
fieizcd the monopoly of thefeas,
Ihe would have accumulated
in her territory all theprodufls
ol the earth, fhc would have
obtained iramcafurable wealth.
Undoubtedly, if England had
the dominion of land, which lhe
has acquired on the ocean,
her acquisitions would have
been enormous. She would,
as in the times of barbariTm,
have fold the conquered, and
difliibuted them as Haves thro’,
out her land. The avarice of
trade would have absorbed eve
ry thing, and the government
of an enlightened nation, which
has brought the arts of civiliza
tion to perfection, would have
given the carlielt indancts of the
return of the savage ages.—
That government is fully im
prefied with the injustice of it*
naval code. But what has that
government to do with jufticc,
which only enquires for profit f
“ When France shall have
efiabiifhed her naval power,
which, with the extent of her
coaltand her population, will
soon be accompiifhed, then
will the emperor reduce these
principles to practice, and ap
ply bis mandate to render it un'
iverfal. The right, or rather
usurpation; of blockading ri->
vers and coalts by proclama.
tion, is palpably contrary to
reason and equity. A right
cannot possibly spring from the
will of an interefied party, but
muff always be founded on the
natural relations of things. A
place is not properly blockaded
unless it be besieged by laad
and water* It is blockaded to
prevent the introduction of af
| Gftauce, by which iht surrender
“ HOLD THI MIRROR UP TO NATURI.” dh*<tSfCtrt.
of the place might be protrar
ted ; and then we have onb
»he right to prevent neu tra
flips from entering the pon.
when the place is thus circum
ltanced, and the poifeffion of i
is matter of doubt between the
besiegers Sc besieged- On thi*
is grounded the right to prevent
neutrals from entering the place.
“ The sovereignty and inde
pendence of its flag, like the fo
rcreignty and independence of
* its territory, is the property of
j every neutral. A date may
transfer itfelf to another date ;
it may drflroy the archives of its
» independence, and pass from
prince to prince; but the right
of sovereignty is indivisible and
unalienable ; no one can re
nounce it.
England has placed France
in a date of blockade. The
emperor has, in his decree of
Benin, declared, the Briiifh if.
lands in a date of blockade.—
The firft of these regulations
forbid neutrals to proceed to
France; the (econd prohibiten
their entering English harbors.
“ England has by her orders
of council of the nth of No.
vember, 1807, v *cd an import
on neutral ihips, and obliged
them to enter its ports before
they fail to France. By the
decree of the 17th of Decem
ber, of the fame year, the em
peror has decreed, that all. such
Ihips be denationaiifed which
had entered English potts, or
submitted to be Icarched.
“ In order to ward off the
inconvenicncies with which this
dale of things threatened her
commerce, America laid an
embargo in all her berbors; and
although France had done no
thing more than ul’ed the right
of teialiaiion, its wants, Sc those
of its colonies, differed much
from this meafuie ; yet did the
emperor magnanitnouily con
nive at the proceeding, in or
der, rather to endure the priva.
tion of commerce than to ac
knowledge the authority of the
ufuiper of the Teas.
“ The crabatgo wasraifed Sc
afyfteiw of uon.imercourfc was
fubdituted for it. The powers
on the continent in alliance with
England having the fame objcQ
in view made a common c;>u!e
with her that they might derive
the fame advantages. The har.
hours of Holland, of the Elbe,
of tha VVcfer, of Italy, and o(
Spain, were to enjoy those
benefits from which France was
to be excluded ; and the one
or the other were to be opened
or doled to commerce as cir
cumltanccs rendered expedient,
so as France was bereft of it.
“ Thus, fir, in point of prin.
ciple, France resigns the free
dom of neutral commeicc, and
the independence of the mari.
time powers which she rcfpected
up to this moment, when the
maritime tyranny of England,
I that rcfpeßs nothing, and the
I arbitrary proceedings of its go
vernment, compelled her to
adopt nseafures of retaliation
to which she resorted with re.
gret. Let England revoke her
blockade of France, and Franca
will recall her declaration of
blockeadeagainft England. Let
England revoke her cabinet or
ders of the nth November
1807, and the Milan decree will
expire of itfelf. Araetican
commerce will then recover its
omplete freedom, and be as.
“red of finding in the harbors
>f France favour and protec
ion. But it belongs to the U.
States to attain to this happy
>bjetl by their firmnefs. Can
a nation resolved to remain free
hesitate between certain momen*
iary terefts Sc the great cause of
maintaining her independence,
her honor, her sovereignty and
her dignity f
“ M; CIIAMFftWMY.”
LONDON Oct. l*.
It is reported that Talleyrand
had incurred Bonaparte’s dis
pleasure, who had diverted him
of the office of great chamber
lain.
Vifcourt Caftlereagh had an
audience of his majesty, and
delivered up his seals of office
as secretary of ftatc for the war
and colonial departments. Mr
Canning had also an audience,
and delivered up his seals of
office as secretary of foreign
affairs. Mr. Canning has per
lectly iccovered from the effetts
of the late duel. His majefly
held a privy council, at which
earlt Bathurft was sworn in se
cretary of iUte for foreign af
aira.
Oct. 16.
Mr. Prcccval, we underfttnd
wrote a letter to her royal high
ness the princcls of Wales, for*-
tnally announcing his appoint,
ment as firft lord of the treafu.
ry. In this letter the new pre
mier condoles with her royal
highness on the loss sustained
by the adrainiftration, in being
deprived of the splendid talents
of Mr. Canning, but takes oc
cafton to aifure her, that it was
not his fault, as he had offered
to agree to any arrangemeqt
that Mr. Canning might suggest
by which a third person might
have been placed at tha head
of thetreafury Sc he truilcd that
her royal highness would fee in
this a fatisfactory proof that
it was not from felfifh consider
ations that he had excepted of
this flotation.
Her royal highness, in answer
to the letter, expresses her thank»
for the communication, and her
extreme regret at the resignation
of Mr. Canning. She con.
eludes by complimenting Mr.
Pcrceival on his courage in un*
dertaking so arduous a talk as
the adminiflration of public as
fait sin a moment of such un
precedented difficulty. If in.
deed Mr. Perccival hopes to be
able to fill this place with effect,
he is, indeed, entitled to the
praifeof courage; but we do
believe, that his molt sanguine
friends, expert that any thing
but fomc great unforefeen acci
dent can enable him to stand
his ground one week after the
meeting of the parliament.—
We have not heard of any ac*
cession of talent, rank, c'narac.
ler and fortune, since the ap
pointment of Mr. Crokcr to
the office •( secretary to the
admiralty, is the room of the
honorable W. Pole, and even
j that cannot be considered a new
acquirement. In faft, the pre
mier is more naked Sc deserted
than he even appears to be;
for the few changes that have
taken place have not introdu.
ccd a new friend, and even of
1 j fotnc of his colleagues w’>o re*
MONDAY, December It, 1809.
main in office, they are more
for show than i»fr—■» carl Ba
thurft,eari Canuien and lord
L. Gower, only retain their fcal*
until their iucccfibrv art ap«
pointed.
In fa&, as we Rated fame
time ago, the carl of Liverpool,
lord Eldon and Prcccival, ara
the only members of thecabi
net who are determined to stay
in until they are driven out.—
Thus Mr. PrcccvaPa ministry
refeoibles a beliefed town, with
a fir aliened garrilon, in which
the commander is reduced to
expedient to mask hi* weaknef#
and impose upon the besieger »
for which purpose wc find*
from military hiftory, jack
boot* are fometiinct planted
lo a* to look like gun*, and tha
men arc ordered to prefeni
themfelvc® upon the wall* oc
casionally, in the new uniforma
that their numbers may be thus
be multiplied in the eye* of tha
enemy.
The treaty of peace, be«
tween Sweden and Kuflia, wa*
ligned on the 17th at Federickf.
bam, and its ratification is to ba
exchanged at Peterfbargh with
in four weeks.—
T* the Editor §f the
Dtily Advertiser.
If you think the following
fact* worth inserting, they ara
at your fcrvicc. My reason for
troubling you at this time, is to
obviate if poflible the frequen
cy of the roofs ofhoufes catch
ing fire in consequence of tba
burning of foul chimney*;
I inhabited a house font
years within a few miles of thia
city, in rather a lonely fitua«
non. Being fearful of accU
dent* from fire, more efpecia!-
ly from the chimney on a dry
roof, I bethought me of many
fubftance* to apply to obviata
the effect of that devouring ele
ment. It occurred to me that»
good coat of flacked lime a* hot
as poflible, might do. I tried il
and found ittoanfwer my mod
fanguinc expectations, Indeed
it not only fared the roof frora
the effects of fire (in a great
measure) but it i* an excellent
preservative ro the fhingle*.—.
Only lay it on when the roof ia
prefectly dry 6c the fun Ihining,
Ihe roof may be done every
lecond year. A peck of lima
will be fuflicient for a large
house^-the whole expence will
not exceed two dollar*. Su
peradded to which, I conceive
it will give a lively appacranca
of our city. Foreigners ob
lerve the biacknefs of the roof*
spoil the perspective beauties
of one of the handsomest citiea
in the world. The above re
medy and a few spires would
certainly correct this deficiency.
I finecrly with my fcllow.citu
zens would adopt the white,
walhing the roofs of their houses.
They may rclt assured it would
have ail the advantages I have
enumerated. My chimney waa
on fire and fcveral havy parti
cle* of burning matter fell oa
the roof, but remained harm,
less. The lime penetrates (when
laid on hot) the fnbiUncc of
the fhingle*, and the inoregroff
|cr part* fill up the interdice* be«
tween.
I remain your’s fiocerely,
T. H.
[No. 6a.]